WO2023213040A1

WO2023213040A1 - Curved pressure-resistant shell equivalent simulation testing apparatus and testing method

Info

Publication number: WO2023213040A1
Application number: PCT/CN2022/121327
Authority: WO
Inventors: 朱永梅; 王浩; 周程远; 何夏磊; 吕昊; 张建; 孙志莹; 包俊杰
Original assignee: 江苏科技大学
Priority date: 2022-05-05
Filing date: 2022-09-26
Publication date: 2023-11-09
Also published as: CN114858630A

Abstract

A curved pressure-resistant shell equivalent simulation testing apparatus, and a testing method. The apparatus comprises a base (1), an enclosure wall structure being disposed on an upper end surface of the base (1), a groove being formed in a lower end of the corresponding enclosure wall structure, an equivalent sample (2) being provided above the groove, a pressure cap (3) being provided above the equivalent sample (2), a lower end of the pressure cap (3) matching with the inner contour of the enclosure wall structure, an equivalent medium (4) being disposed between the pressure cap (3) and the equivalent sample (2), the equivalent sample (2) being pressed together with the lower end of the pressure cap (3), an infrared detector (5) being arranged at a position of the outer side of the enclosure wall structure opposite the equivalent sample (2), and a laser range finder (7) and a CCD industrial microscope (8) being arranged in the groove of the base (1). The apparatus further comprises an A/D converter (9), an industrial controller (10), a data collector (11), a D/A converter (12), a monitoring device (13) and an actuator (14). The apparatus does not require a complete pressure-resistant shell and hydraulic environment, which lower costs, saves material, energy and manpower, simplifies testing equipment, and enables fatigue crack expansion in the test piece to be observed and recorded, all while ensuring realistic simulated hydraulic testing.

Description

An equivalent simulation test device and test method for a gyro pressure shell

Technical field

The invention relates to the field of marine equipment, and in particular to an equivalent simulation test device and test method for a gyro pressure hull.

Background technique

With the advancement of science and technology, humankind's demand for the exploration and development of marine resources has become increasingly strong. The exploration of the ocean is based on the research and development of deep-sea equipment, and manned submersibles still occupy a core position in the development of deep-sea technology and equipment. The future technology trend of submersibles is mainly focused on challenging the maximum depth of the ocean, which requires continuous breakthroughs in improving the reliability of pressure chambers. Therefore, the research and development of simulated marine environment test equipment is very important. Marine environment simulation test equipment can effectively reduce the cost and cycle of marine equipment research and development.

Scientific experiments are indispensable for the study of pressure chambers, among which the "simulating real seawater pressure experiment" is one of the most important experiments in the entire scientific experiment. Usually, to simulate seawater pressure testing, it is necessary to create a sealable pressure chamber, put the pressure hull model into the chamber, and inject high-pressure water to simulate seawater exerting pressure on the outer surface of the pressure hull. However, hydrostatic tests often require a complete pressure hull model to be implemented, which causes problems such as hydrostatic testing of pressure hulls. If a large pressure hull is used for experiments, it will be difficult to transport, and it will cause problems for the experimental site and hydraulic test equipment. The requirements are higher, and even if the pressure shell is too large, suitable equipment may not be found to meet the experimental requirements. Especially for fatigue experiments, the consumption of financial, human and material resources is huge. Some fatigue experiments use standard specimens, which can only obtain the fatigue performance of the pressure hull material, but cannot accurately obtain the data parameters of the complete pressure hull hydraulic fatigue. In summary, it can be seen that the current fatigue experiments of pressure shells mainly face the following problems:

(1) The water pressure tank test has strict requirements on the sealing of the equipment;

(2) Fatigue cracks propagate mostly on the inner surface of the test piece, and existing simulation testing equipment can only observe cracks on the outer surface of the test piece;

(3) The test chamber in the hydraulic pressure simulation experiment equipment has a large pressure and high sealing requirements. Placing the observation equipment in it may easily cause damage to the observation equipment;

(4) Hydraulic testing equipment consumes high energy, consumes a lot of materials, and has high experimental costs.

Contents of the invention

Purpose of the invention: In order to overcome the shortcomings of the background technology, the first purpose of the present invention is to disclose an equivalent simulation test device for a gyro pressure hull; the second purpose is to disclose an equivalent simulation test method for a gyro pressure hull using the above device.

Technical solution: The gyro pressure shell equivalent simulation test device disclosed by the present invention includes a base installed on the pressure fatigue machine platform. The upper end of the base is provided with a surrounding wall structure, and the base is provided with a recess corresponding to the lower end of the surrounding wall structure. groove, an equivalent sample is provided above the groove, and a gland clamped by the actuator on the pressure fatigue machine is provided above the equivalent sample. The lower end of the gland matches the inner contour of the surrounding wall structure, so There is an equivalent medium between the gland and the equivalent sample, and the lower end of the gland is pressed against the equivalent sample. An infrared detector is provided on the outside of the surrounding wall structure corresponding to the position of the equivalent sample. The base There is a laser rangefinder and a CCD industrial microscope in the groove; it also includes an A/D converter, an industrial computer, a data collector, a D/A converter, a monitor and a driver. The infrared detector, laser ranging The instrument and the CCD industrial microscope are respectively connected to the A/D converter, the A/D converter is connected to the industrial computer, the industrial computer, the data collector, and the D/A converter are connected, and the data collector collection interface The pressure fatigue machine is connected, the data collector is connected to the monitor, and the D/A converter is connected to the driver to control the infrared detector, laser rangefinder and CCD industrial microscope.

Further, the equivalent specimen is a sectioned part of the equivalent gyratory pressure shell specimen along the busbar direction.

Further, the equivalent medium is rubber, its upper and lower ends are consistent with the lower end of the gland and the upper end of the equivalent sample respectively, and its surroundings are consistent with the inner wall of the surrounding wall structure.

Furthermore, the surrounding wall structure is made of metal, and the infrared detector is movably adsorbed on the outer surface of the surrounding wall structure through a powerful magnet.

Furthermore, the curvature and thickness of the equivalent pattern are the same as the bus bar curvature and thickness of the gyrotic pressure shell required for the experiment, the width is equal to the inner width of the base surrounding wall, and there is a gap between the two ends in the axial direction and the inner length of the base surrounding wall. gap and beyond the groove.

Further, the laser rangefinder and the CCD industrial microscope are aligned along the width direction of the equivalent sample and located at the same height.

An equivalent simulation test method for a gyro pressure shell, using the above equivalent simulation test device for a gyro pressure shell, including the following steps:

S1. When preparing for the test

Fix the base on the working platform of the pressure fatigue machine, put the equivalent sample used in the experiment into the surrounding wall of the base, place the surface with large curvature as the upper surface, and then put the cut equivalent medium, and then Cover the gland, and then use the upper actuator of the pressure fatigue machine to clamp the top of the gland. After it is installed and fixed, connect the data collector interface to the industrial computer of the pressure fatigue machine;

S2. Before starting the experiment

Turn on the CCD industrial microscope and laser rangefinder, and measure the distance from the CCD industrial microscope to the lower surface of the equivalent sample. The measurement signal is sent to the industrial computer through the A/D converter. The industrial computer issues instructions based on the measured distance through the D/A The converter provides the driver to adjust the magnification of the CCD industrial microscope so that the observation part is clearly visible and corrects the parameters. The adjusted CCD industrial microscope sends the captured picture signal to the industrial computer through the A/D converter. According to the magnification of the CCD industrial microscope The magnification calculates the actual size of the shooting part, and sends the picture to the data collector. The data collector transmits the data to the monitor, turns on the infrared detector, and transmits the shooting signal to the industrial computer through the A/D converter. Process and send to data collector;

S3. After starting the experiment

The pressure fatigue machine starts to work, and the data collector starts to collect data such as the force applied by the pressure fatigue machine and the number of pressurization cycles, and sends the collected data to the monitor, which displays and stores the collected data in real time. When fatigue cracks occur in the effective specimen, the temperature of the crack tip will be higher than the temperature of nearby parts. The infrared detector can observe the changes in the temperature field. The industrial computer captures and calculates the defects in the depth direction of the crack based on the captured signals, and we get Crack depth, the crack depth data is transmitted to the data collector and transmitted to the monitor in real time; at the same time, the length and width defects of the crack are observed by the CCD industrial microscope, and the specific defect value is obtained after the industrial computer captures and calculates it, and the relevant The data is transmitted to the data collector in real time, and the data is transmitted to the monitor. The collector can express and store the obtained data in real time, and can obtain the depth, width and length of the fatigue crack at each time point, as well as the dimensions of the fatigue machine. Data such as pressure and number of cycles;

S4. After the test is completed

Control the industrial computer to send the end signal to the driver through the D/A converter, control the infrared detector and CCD industrial microscope to stop working, save the relevant data of the data collector, import the collected and saved data into the computer for post-processing, and close the industrial control machine, and remove the test device from the fatigue machine.

Beneficial effects: Compared with the existing technology, the advantages of the present invention are:

(1) The present invention uses rubber instead of water as the medium, which takes advantage of the properties of rubber materials that are easy to deform and not easily compressed. It can well simulate the effect of water pressure forming uniform pressure on the surface of the pressure shell, and can better pass the equivalent The sample simulates the stress conditions of a complete pressure shell in a marine environment; it overcomes the strong flow properties of water and does not require high precision of the device. It only needs to meet the requirements of excessive fit or even clearance fit. It solves the problem of strict sealing requirements of the device in the water pressure tank, making the device simple to manufacture and low in production cost; in addition, the entire device has a simple structure, easy installation and convenient maintenance.

(2) The present invention uses equivalent specimens instead of complete specimens, and cleverly utilizes the structure of the gyratory pressure shell as a rotary body. It only needs to take the equal curvature, equal thickness and appropriate width of any bus bar to create a The ideal equivalent pattern is then pressed against the axially symmetrical side of the pattern through the characteristics of the device to achieve a stress state in which the equivalent specimen is symmetrically stressed along the symmetry axis, simulating the stress situation of the complete pressure-resistant shell. The invented device simplifies the force-bearing process of the hydraulic pressure experimental chamber, saves experimental materials, and reduces material costs.

(3) The present invention is equipped with a fatigue press, which is equivalent to saving the special power equipment required for experiments in the hydraulic test chamber, optimizing the construction of the laboratory test system, saving the cost of purchasing equipment, and reducing the need for experiments. The space occupied by the venue.

(4) In the pressure fatigue test of the pressure shell, the stress on the inner surface is greater than the stress on the outer surface. Therefore, fatigue cracks generally germinate on the inner surface first. This makes it impossible to observe the crack growth in real time from the inside in the water pressure chamber test of the complete spherical shell. In the whole process, the present invention overcomes this defect and solves the problem of observing the fatigue crack expansion on the inner surface of the specimen. Moreover, all measuring instruments can use ordinary non-pressure-resistant instruments, and all measuring instruments are not pressure-sensitive, which prolongs the time of measuring instruments. service life, and the measured data is more accurate.

(5) The measuring instruments used in the present invention, as well as the clever arrangement, can observe the depth, length, width and other dimensions of the crack in real time, and can also process the data to obtain the crack growth life (number of fatigue cycles and crack size) at each stage. relationship), which facilitates the experimenter's later arrangement of experimental data, saves research time and costs, and ensures the authenticity of the data.

Description of the drawings

Figure 1 is a front structural view of the present invention;

Figure 2 is a side cross-sectional view of the present invention.

Detailed ways

The technical solution of the present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and examples.

As shown in Figures 1 and 2, the equivalent simulation test device of the gyro pressure shell includes a base 1 installed on the platform of the pressure fatigue machine. The upper end of the base 1 is provided with a surrounding wall structure, and the base 1 corresponds to the surrounding wall structure. A groove is provided at the lower end, and an equivalent sample 2 is provided above the groove. A gland 3 clamped by the actuating head of the pressure fatigue machine is provided above the equivalent sample 2. The lower end of the gland 3 is in contact with the enclosure. The inner contour of the wall structure matches. There is an equivalent medium 4 between the gland 3 and the equivalent sample 2. The lower end of the gland 3 is pressed against the equivalent sample 2. The outside of the wall structure corresponds to the equivalent sample. An infrared detector 5 is provided at the position of sample 2, and a laser rangefinder 7 and a CCD industrial microscope 8 are provided in the groove of the base 1; it also includes an A/D converter 9, an industrial computer 10, a data collector 11, D/A converter 12, monitor 13 and driver 14. The infrared detector 5, laser rangefinder 7 and CCD industrial microscope 8 are respectively connected to the A/D converter 9. The A/D converter 9 is connected to The industrial computer 10 is connected, the industrial computer 10, the data collector 11, and the D/A converter 12 are connected, the data collector 11 collection interface is connected to the pressure fatigue machine, the data collector 11 is connected to the monitor 13, so The D/A converter 12 is connected to the driver 14 to control the infrared detector 5, the laser rangefinder 7 and the CCD industrial microscope 8.

The equivalent specimen 2 is a sectioned part of the equivalent gyratory pressure shell specimen along the busbar direction.

The equivalent medium is rubber, its upper and lower ends are consistent with the lower end of the gland 3 and the upper end of the equivalent sample 2 respectively, and its surroundings are consistent with the inner wall of the surrounding wall structure.

The surrounding wall structure is made of metal, and the infrared detectors 5 are movably adsorbed on the outer surface of the surrounding wall structure through powerful magnets 6. One infrared detector 5 is arranged at the same height alignment position of the equivalent sample 2.

The curvature and thickness of the equivalent pattern 2 are the same as the busbar curvature and thickness of the gyrotic pressure shell required for the experiment, the width is equal to the inner width of the surrounding wall of the base 1, and there is a gap between the two ends in the axial direction and the inner length of the surrounding wall of the base 1. gap and beyond the groove.

The laser rangefinder 7 and the CCD industrial microscope 8 are aligned along the width direction of the equivalent sample 2 and located at the same height.

S1. When preparing for the test

Fix the base 1 on the working platform of the pressure fatigue machine, put the equivalent sample 2 used in the experiment into the surrounding wall of the base 1, place the surface with large curvature as the upper surface, and then put the cut equivalent sample 2 into the surrounding wall of the base 1. Medium 4, then cover the gland 3, and then use the upper actuating head of the pressure fatigue machine to clamp the top of the gland 3. After installation and fixation, connect the data collector 11 interface to the industrial computer of the pressure fatigue machine;

S2. Before starting the experiment

Turn on the CCD industrial microscope 8 and the laser rangefinder 7, measure the distance from the CCD industrial microscope 8 to the lower surface of the equivalent sample 2, and send the measurement signal to the industrial computer 10 through the A/D converter 9. The industrial computer 10 will measure the distance according to the measured distance. , send an instruction to the driver 14 through the D/A converter 12 to adjust the magnification of the CCD industrial microscope 8 so that the observation part is clearly visible and correct the parameters. The adjusted CCD industrial microscope 8 converts the captured picture signal through A/D 9 to the industrial computer 10, calculate the actual size of the photographed part according to the magnification of the CCD industrial microscope 8, and send the picture to the data collector 11, the data collector 11 transmits the data to the monitor 13, and turns on the infrared detector 5 , transmit the shooting signal to the industrial computer 10 through the A/D converter 9, process the shooting signal, and send it to the data collector 11;

S3. After starting the experiment

The pressure fatigue machine starts to work, and the data collector 11 starts to collect data such as the force applied by the pressure fatigue machine and the number of pressurization cycles, and sends the collected data to the monitor 13, which displays and stores the collected data in real time. When a fatigue crack occurs in the equivalent sample 2, the temperature of the crack tip will be higher than the temperature of the nearby parts. The infrared detector 5 can observe the changes in the temperature field. The industrial computer 10 detects defects in the depth direction of the crack based on the captured signals. Capture and calculate, obtain the crack depth, transmit the crack depth data to the data collector 11, and transmit it to the monitor 13 in real time; at the same time, the length and width defects of the crack are observed by the CCD industrial microscope 8, and after being captured and calculated by the industrial computer 10 The specific defect value is obtained, and the relevant data is transmitted to the data collector 11 in real time, and the data is transmitted to the monitor 13. The collector 11 collects and can express and store the obtained data in real time, and the fatigue crack depth at each time point can be obtained. , width and length dimensions, as well as data such as the pressure and number of cycles of the fatigue machine;

S4. After the test is completed

Control the industrial computer 10 to send the end signal to the driver 14 through the D/A converter 12, control the infrared detector 5 and the CCD industrial microscope 8 to stop working, save the relevant data of the data collector 11, and import the collected and saved data into the computer. For post-processing, shut down the industrial computer and remove the test device from the fatigue machine.

Claims

A gyro pressure shell equivalent simulation test device, characterized by: including a base (1) installed on a pressure fatigue machine platform, the upper end surface of the base (1) is provided with a surrounding wall structure, the base (1) A groove is opened corresponding to the lower end of the surrounding wall structure. An equivalent sample (2) is provided above the groove. A gland (3) clamped by the actuator of the pressure fatigue machine is provided above the equivalent sample (2). ), the lower end of the gland (3) matches the inner contour of the surrounding wall structure, and an equivalent medium (4) is provided between the gland (3) and the equivalent sample (2). Through the gland (3) The lower end is pressed against the equivalent sample (2). An infrared detector (5) is provided on the outside of the wall structure corresponding to the position of the equivalent sample (2). A laser is provided in the groove of the base (1). Rangefinder (7) and CCD industrial microscope (8); also includes A/D converter (9), industrial computer (10), data collector (11), D/A converter (12), monitor ( 13) and driver (14), the infrared detector (5), laser rangefinder (7), and CCD industrial microscope (8) are respectively connected to the A/D converter (9), and the A/D converter (9) Connected to the industrial computer (10), the industrial computer (10), the data collector (11), and the D/A converter (12) are connected, and the data collector (11) collection interface is connected to the pressure fatigue machine, the data collector (11) is connected to the monitor (13), the D/A converter (12) is connected to the driver (14), and controls the infrared detector (5), laser rangefinder (7) and CCD Industrial Microscope(8).
The equivalent simulation test device of the gyratory pressure shell according to claim 1, characterized in that the equivalent sample (2) is a sectioned part of the equivalent gyratory pressure shell test piece along the bus line direction.
The equivalent simulation test device of the gyro pressure shell according to claim 1, characterized in that: the equivalent medium is rubber, and its upper and lower ends are respectively connected with the lower end of the gland (3) and the upper end of the equivalent sample (2). It is consistent with the inner wall of the surrounding wall structure.
The equivalent simulation test device of the gyro pressure shell according to claim 1, characterized in that: the surrounding wall structure is made of metal, and the infrared detector (5) is movably adsorbed on the surrounding wall through a powerful magnet (6). Wall structure outer surface.
The equivalent simulation test device of the gyrotic pressure shell according to claim 1, characterized in that: the curvature and thickness of the equivalent pattern (2) are the same as the curvature and thickness of the bus bar of the gyrotic pressure shell required for the experiment, and the width and The inner width of the surrounding wall of the base (1) is equal, and there is a gap between the two ends in the axial direction and the inner length of the surrounding wall of the base (1), and exceeds the groove.
The equivalent simulation test device of the gyro pressure shell according to claim 5, characterized in that: the laser rangefinder (7) and the CCD industrial microscope (8) are aligned along the width direction of the equivalent sample (2), at the same height.
An equivalent simulation test method for a gyro pressure shell, characterized in that: using the gyro pressure shell equivalent simulation test device according to claim 1, it includes the following steps:

S1. When preparing for the test

Fix the base (1) on the working platform of the pressure fatigue machine, put the equivalent specimen (2) used in the experiment into the surrounding wall of the base (1), place the surface with large curvature as the upper surface, and then place it Cut the equivalent medium (4), then cover the gland (3), and then use the upper actuating head of the pressure fatigue machine to clamp the top of the gland (3). After it is installed and fixed, put the data collector (11 ) interface is connected to the industrial computer of the pressure fatigue machine;

S2. Before starting the experiment

Turn on the CCD industrial microscope (8) and laser rangefinder (7), measure the distance from the CCD industrial microscope (8) to the lower surface of the equivalent sample (2), and send the measurement signal to the industrial control via the A/D converter (9) Machine (10), the industrial computer (10) sends instructions to the driver (14) through the D/A converter (12) to adjust the magnification of the CCD industrial microscope (8) according to the measured distance, so that the observation part is clearly visible, and After correcting the parameters, the adjusted CCD industrial microscope (8) sends the captured picture signal to the industrial computer (10) through the A/D converter (9), and calculates the actual size of the photographed part according to the magnification of the CCD industrial microscope (8). , and sends the picture to the data collector (11), the data collector (11) transmits the data to the monitor (13), turns on the infrared detector (5), and transmits the shooting signal through the A/D converter (9) to the industrial computer (10), which processes the shooting signal and sends it to the data collector (11);

S3. After starting the experiment

The pressure fatigue machine starts to work, and the data collector (11) starts to collect data such as the force applied by the pressure fatigue machine and the number of pressurization cycles, and sends the collected data to the monitor (13), which collects the collected data in real time. Display and store. When a fatigue crack occurs in the equivalent sample (2), the temperature of the crack tip will be higher than the temperature of the nearby parts. The infrared detector (5) can observe the changes in the temperature field. The industrial computer (10) The captured signal captures and calculates the defects in the crack depth direction to obtain the crack depth, and transmits the crack depth data to the data collector (11) and to the monitor (13) in real time; at the same time, the length and width of the crack defects are measured by the CCD The industrial microscope (8) observes that the specific defect value is obtained after the industrial computer (10) captures and calculates it, and transmits the relevant data to the data collector (11) in real time, transmits the data to the monitor (13), and collects the data. The acquisition device (11) can express and store the obtained data in real time, and can obtain the depth, width and length of the fatigue crack at each time point, as well as the pressure and number of cycles of the fatigue machine and other data;

S4. After the test is completed

Control the industrial computer (10) to send the end signal to the driver (14) through the D/A converter (12), control the infrared detector (5) and CCD industrial microscope (8) to stop working, and save the data collector (11) Relevant data, import the collected and saved data into the computer for post-processing, turn off the industrial computer, and remove the test device from the fatigue machine.