WO2023208064A1 - 反射镜、投射组件、车灯和车辆 - Google Patents

反射镜、投射组件、车灯和车辆 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023208064A1
WO2023208064A1 PCT/CN2023/090949 CN2023090949W WO2023208064A1 WO 2023208064 A1 WO2023208064 A1 WO 2023208064A1 CN 2023090949 W CN2023090949 W CN 2023090949W WO 2023208064 A1 WO2023208064 A1 WO 2023208064A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
light
reflective surface
reflector
line
reflective
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2023/090949
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
孙渤林
唐斌斌
张士颖
Original Assignee
北京车和家汽车科技有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
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Application filed by 北京车和家汽车科技有限公司 filed Critical 北京车和家汽车科技有限公司
Publication of WO2023208064A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023208064A1/zh

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
    • F21S41/00—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps
    • F21S41/10—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by the light source
    • F21S41/14—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by the light source characterised by the type of light source
    • F21S41/141—Light emitting diodes [LED]
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
    • F21S41/00—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps
    • F21S41/30—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by reflectors
    • F21S41/32—Optical layout thereof
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
    • F21S41/00—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps
    • F21S41/60—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by a variable light distribution
    • F21S41/67—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by a variable light distribution by acting on reflectors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21W—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES F21K, F21L, F21S and F21V, RELATING TO USES OR APPLICATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS
    • F21W2102/00—Exterior vehicle lighting devices for illuminating purposes
    • F21W2102/10—Arrangement or contour of the emitted light
    • F21W2102/13—Arrangement or contour of the emitted light for high-beam region or low-beam region
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21W—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES F21K, F21L, F21S and F21V, RELATING TO USES OR APPLICATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS
    • F21W2107/00—Use or application of lighting devices on or in particular types of vehicles
    • F21W2107/10—Use or application of lighting devices on or in particular types of vehicles for land vehicles
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21Y—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES F21K, F21L, F21S and F21V, RELATING TO THE FORM OR THE KIND OF THE LIGHT SOURCES OR OF THE COLOUR OF THE LIGHT EMITTED
    • F21Y2115/00—Light-generating elements of semiconductor light sources
    • F21Y2115/10—Light-emitting diodes [LED]

Definitions

  • the present disclosure relates to the technical field of automobile accessories, and specifically relates to a reflector, a projection assembly, a car lamp and a vehicle.
  • the automobile low beam includes a light source, a reflector and a lens.
  • the light source, reflective surface and corresponding light incident surface form an optical unit.
  • a plurality of light sources, a plurality of reflective surfaces and a plurality of light incident surfaces form multiple optical units. In each optical unit, the light emitted by the light source is reflected by the corresponding reflective surface and then converges near the focus of the corresponding light incident surface. The light emitted by multiple light sources is finally refracted by the lens to the road surface to form illumination.
  • a part of the optical units among the multiple optical units is the main optical unit.
  • the main optical unit can form a main light shape with a light and dark cutoff line.
  • the other part of the optical unit is an auxiliary optical unit.
  • the auxiliary optical unit forms an auxiliary light shape.
  • the auxiliary light shape is on the left and right.
  • the width of the direction is greater than the width of the key light.
  • multiple main optical units are usually provided.
  • the reflective surface structures of multiple main optical units are all the same, so that the light shapes formed by the multiple main optical units have the same average angle in the left and right directions.
  • the multiple main optical units form The left and right boundaries of the light shape completely overlap, which ultimately results in the light shape formed by the low beam having a clear bright spot boundary, and the road lighting effect is poor.
  • the so-called paraboloid as the base surface means adjusting the surface angle on the basis of the paraboloid to adjust the light reflection angle to meet our needs for light angle adjustment.
  • the requirement for a car's low beam is to have a larger angle in the H-H (horizontal) direction, but a smaller angle in the V-V (vertical) direction to achieve more energy near the light and dark cutoff line, so that the low beam The light can shine farther.
  • the left and right boundaries of the light shapes formed by different optical units can be misaligned, thereby avoiding the clearness of the left and right boundaries of multiple light shapes due to complete overlap. bright spots border.
  • the present disclosure aims to solve one of the technical problems in the related art, at least to a certain extent.
  • embodiments of the present disclosure propose a reflector, a projection assembly, a car lamp, and a vehicle to avoid clear bright spot boundaries caused by complete overlap of the left and right boundaries of multiple light shapes.
  • the reflector in the embodiment of the present disclosure has a reflective surface.
  • the reflector has a reflective surface.
  • the reflective surface is surrounded by a horizontal plane.
  • the cut line is the first line, and the first line satisfies:
  • a is a constant greater than zero
  • l is a constant greater than zero
  • ⁇ is an angle value greater than 0° and less than 90°
  • x is an independent variable
  • f(x) is the dependent variable that changes with x.
  • the ⁇ (5°,10°); and/or the l ⁇ 10mm are ⁇ (5°,10°); and/or the l ⁇ 10mm.
  • the cross-section line cut by the vertical surface of the reflective surface is a second cross-section line, and the second cross-section line satisfies:
  • b is a constant greater than zero
  • m is a constant greater than zero
  • ⁇ is an angle value greater than 0° and less than 90°
  • p is an independent variable
  • f(p) is the dependent variable that changes with p.
  • the ⁇ (5°,10°); and/or the m ⁇ 10mm In some embodiments, the first section line extends along the first direction, the size of the reflective surface in the first direction is 5 mm to 15 mm; and/or the focal length of the reflective surface is 0.5 mm to 3 mm.
  • the projection assembly of the embodiment of the present disclosure includes multiple optical units.
  • Each of the optical units includes: a reflector and a lens.
  • the reflector has a reflective surface;
  • the lens has a light incident surface, and the light incident surface corresponds to the The reflective surface is provided;
  • each of the optical units has an optical axis extending along the second direction, the reflective surface and the corresponding light incident surface are arranged along the second direction, and a plurality of the Some of the reflectors of the optical unit in the optical unit are the reflectors described in any of the above embodiments.
  • a part of the plurality of optical units is a first main optical unit, and the first main optical unit satisfies the following requirements: a side of the reflective surface away from the light incident surface is provided with a first main optical unit to form a first main optical unit.
  • the first low beam cutoff line of the light and dark cutoff line, the first low beam cutoff line has a first inflection point that can form the elbow of the second light and dark cutoff line, the first inflection point is set on the optical axis .
  • the number of the first main optical units is multiple, and ⁇ of one of the first main optical units is greater than ⁇ of at least one of the remaining first main optical units.
  • a part of the plurality of optical units is a second main optical unit
  • the reflecting surface of the reflecting mirror of the second main optical unit is a paraboloid
  • the second main optical unit satisfies :
  • the side of the reflective surface away from the light incident surface is provided with a second low beam cutoff line that can form a second light and dark cutoff line
  • the second low beam cutoff line has a second low beam cutoff line that can form the second light and dark cutoff line.
  • the second inflection point of the elbow is located on the optical axis.
  • the lens has a light exit surface corresponding to the light entrance surface, the light entrance surface is a light entrance surface collimated in a first direction, and the light exit surface is a light exit surface collimated in a third direction. plane, the third direction is perpendicular to the first direction.
  • the vehicle lamp according to the embodiment of the present disclosure includes the projection assembly described in any of the above embodiments.
  • the vehicle according to the embodiment of the present disclosure includes the vehicle lamp described in any of the above embodiments.
  • the reflective surface of the reflector in the embodiment of the present disclosure shrinks in the direction adjacent to the front and rear centerline.
  • the light reflected by the reflective surface is tilted in the direction close to the front and rear centerline, so that the light reflected by the reflective surface is divergent light. Therefore, when the light reflected from the reflector is projected by the lens, the light shape will be along the left and right directions.
  • Divergence compared with related technologies, can increase the angle of the light shape formed by the optical unit applied to the reflector in the left and right directions.
  • the angle of the light reflected by the reflective surface can be changed, thereby adjusting the angle of the light shape formed by the optical unit applied to the reflector in the left and right directions, so that multiple optical units can The left and right boundaries of the formed light shape do not completely overlap, which can reduce or even avoid the bright spot boundary produced by the low beam and improve the road illumination effect.
  • Figure 1 is a perspective view of a projection assembly according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • Figure 2 is a front view of a projection assembly according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • Figure 3 is a top view of a projection assembly according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 4 is an optical path diagram of the first main optical unit located on the left side in FIG. 3 .
  • Fig. 5 is a light shape effect diagram of the first main optical unit in Fig. 4.
  • FIG. 6 is an optical path diagram of the first main optical unit located on the right side in FIG. 3 .
  • Fig. 7 is a light shape effect diagram of the first main optical unit in Fig. 6.
  • FIG. 8 is a comparison diagram of the optical paths of the first main optical unit in FIG. 3 and the main optical unit in the related art.
  • Figure 9 is a light shape effect diagram of the second main optical unit in Figure 3.
  • FIG. 10 is a light shape effect diagram formed by the two first main optical units and the second main optical unit in FIG. 3 .
  • Figure 11 is a light shape effect diagram formed by all the optical units in Figure 3.
  • Figure 12 is an exploded view of a vehicle lamp according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • Figure 13 is a front view of a vehicle lamp according to an embodiment of the present disclosure (with the radiator hidden).
  • FIG. 14 is a view taken along line A-A in FIG. 13 .
  • Figure 15 is an exploded view of the lens, light blocking member and frame in Figure 12.
  • FIG. 16 is a perspective view of the lens in FIG. 12 .
  • FIG. 17 is a perspective view of the reflector in FIG. 12 .
  • FIG. 18 is a front view of the reflector in FIG. 12 .
  • Fig. 19 is a view taken along line B-B in Fig. 18 .
  • Reflector 1 reflective surface 101; first section line 1011; fixed part 102; first low beam cutoff line 103; first reflector 104; second reflector 105; second low beam cutoff line 106;
  • Lens 2 lens body 201; light incident surface 2011; light exit surface 2012; partition 2013; connecting arm 202; first lens 203; second lens 204;
  • Light source 3 first light source 301; second light source 302;
  • Light blocking part 4 light blocking part 401; connecting part 402; avoidance part 4021;
  • Frame body 5 accommodation cavity 501; flange 504;
  • Car lights include high beam and low beam.
  • the light of the high beam is emitted in parallel.
  • the light is concentrated and bright, and can illuminate higher and farther objects.
  • the light emitted by the low beam is divergent and can illuminate objects as far away as possible. Objects in a large range at close range.
  • Car lights, as the eyes of a car are not only related to the external image of a car owner, but are also closely related to safe driving at night or in bad weather conditions. Therefore, the road illumination effect of car lights is crucial to safe driving.
  • multiple main optical units of the low beam have the same structure, so that the light shape formed by each main optical unit has the same angle in the left and right directions, resulting in a clear bright spot boundary in the light shape formed by the low beam. , the road lighting effect is poor.
  • embodiments of the present disclosure provide a reflector, a projection assembly, a vehicle lamp and a vehicle, which can dilute the light shape boundary formed by the low beam, improve the road illumination effect of the vehicle lamp, and thereby improve the Driving safety.
  • the projection assembly 100 includes multiple optical units.
  • Each optical unit includes a reflector 1 and a lens 2.
  • the reflector 1 has a reflective surface 101
  • the lens 2 has a light incident surface. 2011, the light incident surface 2011 is set corresponding to the reflective surface 101.
  • Each optical unit has an optical axis extending along the second direction (front-back direction), and the reflective surface 101 and the corresponding light incident surface 2011 are arranged along the second direction (front-back direction).
  • the reflecting mirrors 1 shown in Figures 4 and 6 are used as the reflecting mirrors 1 of some optical units among the plurality of optical units.
  • Each optical unit also includes a light source 3.
  • the light emitted by the light source 3 is reflected by the reflective surface 101 of the reflector 1 to near the focus of the light incident surface 2011 of the lens 2, and is finally refracted by the lens 2 to the road surface to form a light shape.
  • the light shape is for lighting.
  • the shape of the light refracted by the lens 2 onto the road surface is essentially that the lens 2 uses the illuminated reflective surface 101 of the reflector 1 as an object and projects it to the front of the vehicle through the lens 2, forming an image that is reversed in up, down, left and right directions.
  • the reflector 1 of the embodiment of the present disclosure has a reflective surface 101, and the reflective surface 101 has a first section line 1011, and the first section line 1011 satisfies:
  • a is a constant greater than zero
  • l is a constant greater than zero
  • ⁇ is an angle value greater than 0° and less than 90°
  • x is an independent variable
  • f (x) is the dependent variable that changes with x.
  • the size of the above a is related to the focus position of the reflective surface 101.
  • the focus of the reflective surface 101 is The size of the above l is related to the opening size of the reflective surface 101.
  • the angle of light emitted from each reflective surface 101 is also different.
  • the focus position of each reflective surface 101 is also different.
  • the opening size of each reflective surface 101 is also different.
  • the technical solution of the present disclosure is described by taking the first section line 1011 of the reflective surface 101 extending in the left-right direction and the reflective surface 101 facing forward as an example.
  • both sides of the reflective surface 101 of the reflector 1 of the present disclosure are adjacent to the front and rear center lines (the center extending along the front and rear directions). line) direction shrinks.
  • the light reflected by the reflective surface 101 is inclined in the direction close to the front and rear centerline, so that the light reflected by the reflective surface 101 is a divergent light. Therefore, when the light reflected from the reflective mirror 1 is refracted by the lens 2, the light shape is It will diverge in the left and right directions.
  • the angle of the light shape formed by the optical unit applied to the reflector in the left and right directions can be increased.
  • the angle of the light reflected by the reflective surface 101 can be changed, thereby adjusting the left-right angle of the light shape formed by the optical unit applied to the reflector, such that The left and right boundaries of the light shapes formed by multiple optical units do not completely overlap, which can reduce or even avoid the bright spot boundaries produced by the low beam and improve the road illumination effect.
  • the inclination angle of the outgoing light emitted by the reflective surface 101 is positively correlated with the position of the incident light irradiated on the reflective surface 101.
  • the closer the position of the light irradiating to the reflective surface 101 is to the front and rear centerline (extending in the front and rear direction) of the reflective surface 101 the greater the inclination angle of the light reflected by the light, that is, d1>d2>d3 in Figure 8,
  • the light shape projected from the light reflected from the reflector 1 through the lens 2 can be controlled along the iso-illumination line, which facilitates the design of the light shape and improves the uniformity of road illumination.
  • the reflector 1 of the embodiment of the present disclosure can reduce or even avoid the bright spot boundary generated by the low beam lamp, and improve the road illumination effect.
  • ⁇ By setting ⁇ to -5° to 10°, the requirements of most optical units can be met, and the size of the reflector 1 can be smaller, which is beneficial to the miniaturization and lightweight design of the reflector 1.
  • l 10mm.
  • the requirements of most optical units can be met, and the size of the reflector 1 can be smaller, which is beneficial to the miniaturization and lightweight design of the reflector 1 .
  • the section line cut by the vertical surface of the reflective surface 101 is the second section line, and the second section line satisfies:
  • b is a constant greater than zero
  • m is a constant greater than zero
  • ⁇ is an angle value greater than 0 and less than 90
  • p is an independent variable
  • f (p) is the dependent variable that changes with p.
  • the size of the above b is related to the focus position of the reflective surface 101.
  • the focus of the reflective surface 101 is The size of the above m is related to the opening size of the reflective surface 101.
  • the angle of light emitted from each reflective surface 101 is also different.
  • the focus position of each reflective surface 101 is also different.
  • the opening size of each reflective surface 101 is also different.
  • the reflective surface 101 has only one focal point. It is only an indication of the position of the focus on different sections.
  • the reflective surface 101 of the reflector 1 in the embodiment of the present disclosure shrinks in the direction adjacent to the upper and lower center lines (the center line extending in the upper and lower directions). .
  • the light reflected by the reflective surface 101 is tilted in a direction close to the upper and lower center lines, so that the light reflected by the reflective surface 101 is a divergent light. Therefore, when the light reflected from the reflector 1 passes through the lens 2, the light shape is projected It will diverge in the up and down direction.
  • the angle of the light shape formed by the optical unit used in the reflector in the up and down direction can be reduced.
  • the angle of light reflected by the reflective surface 101 can be changed, thereby adjusting the angle in the up and down direction of the light shape formed by the optical unit used in the reflector.
  • ⁇ By setting ⁇ to 5° to 10°, the requirements of most optical units can be met, and the size of the reflector 1 can be smaller, which is beneficial to the miniaturization and lightweight design of the reflector 1 .
  • m ⁇ 10mm In some embodiments, m ⁇ 10mm.
  • m By setting m to 0 to 10 mm, the requirements of most optical units can be met, and the size of the reflector 1 can be smaller, which is beneficial to the miniaturization and lightweight design of the reflector 1 .
  • the second section line may also be a parabola.
  • the size of the reflective surface 101 in the left-right direction ranges from 5 mm to 15 mm.
  • the size of the reflective surface 101 in the left-right direction is 10 mm.
  • the focal length of the reflective surface 101 is 0.5 mm to 3 mm.
  • the focal length of the reflective surface 101 is 1 mm, which makes the focal length of the reflective surface 101 smaller, which is beneficial to improving the brightness and light efficiency of the projection assembly 100 illuminated on the road surface.
  • the lens 2 has a light exit surface 2012 corresponding to the light entrance surface 2011.
  • the light entrance surface 2011 is the light entrance surface 2011 collimated in the first direction
  • the light exit surface 2012 is the light exit surface 2012 collimated in the third direction.
  • the lens 2 has a light exit surface 2012 corresponding to the light entrance surface 2011.
  • the light entrance surface 2011 is the light entrance surface 2011 collimated in the left and right directions, and the light exit surface 2012 is collimated in the up and down direction. Out of Light 2012.
  • the above-mentioned up-down direction is consistent with the coordinate system of the vehicle to which the projection component 100 is applied.
  • the above-mentioned up-down direction is the up-down direction of the vehicle coordinate system.
  • the up-down direction is the up-down direction of the vehicle.
  • the light incident surface 2011 is a light incident surface 2011 that is collimated in the left and right directions, which can be understood as: the cross section of the light incident surface 2011 in the left and right directions is a convex curve, and the light incident surface 2011 deflects light to a greater extent in the left and right directions, which can It has a certain collimating effect on divergent light; the cross-section of the light incident surface 2011 in the up and down direction is a straight line, the light incident surface 2011 has a weak ability to deflect light in the up and down direction, and has no collimating effect.
  • the light-emitting surface 2012 is a light-emitting surface 2012 that is collimated in the up-and-down direction. It can be understood that: the cross-section of the light-emitting surface 2012 in the up-and-down direction is a convex curve. The light-emitting surface 2012 deflects light to a greater extent in the up-and-down direction and can deflect divergent light. A certain collimating effect; the cross-section of the light-emitting surface 2012 in the left and right directions is a straight line, and the light-emitting surface 2012 has a weak ability to deflect light in the left and right directions and does not have a collimating effect.
  • asymmetric light shape is formed on the road surface, for example, a rectangular light shape with large dimensions in the left and right directions and small dimensions in the up and down directions.
  • the light incident surface 2011 and the light emergent surface 2012 are spaced apart along the second direction.
  • the light incident surface 2011 and the light emergent surface 2012 are spaced apart along the front and rear directions.
  • a part of the plurality of optical units is the first main optical unit 801, and the reflector 1 of the first main optical unit 801 is the reflector 1 shown in Figures 4 and 6.
  • the first main optical unit 801 Satisfies:
  • the side of the reflective surface 101 away from the light incident surface 2011 is provided with a first low beam cutoff line 103 that can form a first light and dark cutoff line, and the first low beam cutoff line 103 has an elbow that can form a first light and dark cutoff line.
  • the first inflection point is set on the optical axis.
  • the first low beam cut-off line 103 is a polygonal line, and the first low-beam cut-off line 103 includes a plurality of line segments connected in sequence, and the connection point between two adjacent line segments is an inflection point.
  • the first low beam cutoff line 103 has an adjacent first inflection point and a third inflection point, the first inflection point is located on the right side of the third inflection point, and the first inflection point is higher than the third inflection point.
  • the image of the first inflection point and the image of the third inflection point are both located on the first light-dark cutoff line, and the image of the first inflection point It is located to the left of the image at the third inflection point, and the image at the first inflection point is lower than the image at the third inflection point. From the appearance, the image of the first inflection point is similar to the human "elbow", and the image of the third inflection point is similar to the human "shoulder".
  • the first low beam cutoff line 103 may form the first light and dark cutoff line of the low beam lamp, and the first inflection point may form the "elbow" of the first light and dark cutoff line. .
  • the first low-beam cutoff line 103 includes a first section, a second section and a third section connected in sequence from left to right.
  • the first section is located below the third section, and the left end of the second section is lower than the right end.
  • An inflection point is formed between the first paragraph and the second paragraph, which can form It forms the "shoulder" of the first light and dark cutoff line, and the first inflection point is formed between the third segment and the second segment.
  • the tilt angle of the second segment is 45°.
  • At least one of the first, second, and third segments is a straight line.
  • first, second, and third segments are all straight lines, then the first, second, and third segments form a polyline.
  • first section and the third section are straight lines
  • first section and the third section can be straight lines parallel to the left and right directions, or can be oblique lines intersecting the left and right directions.
  • At least one of the first, second, and third segments is a curve.
  • first and third segments are straight lines, and the second segment is a curve.
  • the number of first main optical units 801 is multiple, and ⁇ of one first main optical unit 801 is greater than ⁇ of at least one remaining first main optical unit 801 .
  • the number of first main optical units 801 is two.
  • One first main optical unit 801 is located on the left side of another first main optical unit 801 , and the first main optical unit 801 on the left side is located on the left side.
  • the ⁇ of the main optical unit 801 is larger than the ⁇ of the first main optical unit 801 located on the right side thereof.
  • the lens 2 is the first lens 2032
  • the reflector 1 is the first reflector 1041
  • the light source 3 is the first light source 301.
  • the first lens 2032, the first reflector 1041 and the first light source 301 are arranged in the front and back direction.
  • the two first lenses 2032 are arranged in the left and right direction
  • the two first reflectors 1041 are arranged in the left and right direction
  • the two first light sources 301 are arranged in the left and right direction.
  • the light shapes formed by the two first main optical units 801 have different angles in the left and right directions, which is beneficial to the projection assembly 100
  • the energy of the formed light shape changes uniformly from the center to the left and right sides, more effectively avoiding the clear bright spot boundaries caused by the complete overlap of the left and right edges of multiple light shapes.
  • a part of the plurality of optical units is the second main optical unit 802, and the reflective surface 101 of the reflector 1 of the second main optical unit 802 is a paraboloid.
  • the second main optical unit 802 satisfies the following requirements: the side of the reflective surface 101 away from the light incident surface 2011 is provided with a second low beam cutoff line 106 that can form a second light and dark cutoff line, and the second low beam cutoff line 106 has a second low beam cutoff line that can form a second The second inflection point of the elbow of the light-dark cutoff line is set on the optical axis.
  • the second low beam cutoff line 106 is a fold line.
  • the second low beam cutoff line 106 can form the second light and dark cutoff line of the low beam lamp, and the second inflection point can form the second light and dark cutoff line. "elbow”.
  • the second low beam cutoff line 106 and the first low beam cutoff line 103 have an overlapping portion, and the "elbow" of the first light and dark cutoff line coincides with the "elbow” of the second light and dark cutoff line.
  • the lens 2 is the second lens 2042
  • the reflector 1 is the second reflector 1051
  • the light source 3 is the second light source 302.
  • the second lens 2042, the second reflecting mirror 1051 and the second light source 302 are arranged in the front and back direction.
  • the image of the second section line can be drawn through the above method, and the reflective surface can be obtained by translating the first section line using the second section line as the trajectory line.
  • the sizes of a, l, and ⁇ can be set as needed, so that the designed reflector 1 meets the usage requirements.
  • the light source 3 is a surface light source 3, and the number of the light sources 3 is 5 to 10.
  • the number of light sources 3 is eight.
  • the light sources 3 are LEDs.
  • multiple lenses 2 have an integrated structure, and a separation portion 2013 is formed between the light incident surfaces 2011 of adjacent lenses 2 .
  • eight lenses 2 have an integrated structure, and the eight lenses 2 form a lens 2 group.
  • the eight light incident surfaces 2011 of the lens 2 group are connected in sequence to form a wavy surface; the lens 2
  • the eight light-emitting surfaces 2012 of the group are connected in sequence to form a convex curved surface.
  • the plurality of reflectors 1 are of an integrated structure.
  • eight reflectors 1 form one reflector 1 group.
  • the reflector 1 includes a fixed part 102 and a reflective part.
  • the reflective part and the fixed part 102 are an integrated structure, and the reflective surface 101 is provided on the reflective part.
  • the vehicle lamp 1000 in the embodiment of the present disclosure includes the projection assembly 100 described in any of the above embodiments.
  • the vehicle lamp 1000 according to the embodiment of the present disclosure has the advantages of good road illumination effect.
  • the light shape formed by the vehicle lamp 1000 on the road surface has stray light phenomenon, which affects the road illumination effect of the vehicle lamp 1000.
  • the vehicle lamp 1000 in the embodiment of the present disclosure also includes a light blocking member 4.
  • the light blocking member 4 includes a light blocking part 401.
  • the light blocking part 401 is provided between two adjacent light incident surfaces 2011, that is, the light blocking part 401 corresponds to the partition part. 2013 is set to separate two adjacent light incident surfaces 2011.
  • the vehicle lamp 1000 in the embodiment of the present disclosure is provided with a light blocking member 4 and uses the light blocking part 401 of the light blocking member 4 to separate two adjacent light incident surfaces 2011, thereby effectively preventing the light emitted by the light source 3 from irradiating the corresponding light. Stray light is formed on the light incident surface 2011 of the adjacent optical unit. When the vehicle lamp 1000 according to the embodiment of the present disclosure is working, stray light can be greatly reduced or even avoided, which is beneficial to improving the road illumination effect of the vehicle lamp 1000 .
  • the vehicle lamp 1000 according to the embodiment of the present disclosure has the advantages of good road illumination effect.
  • multiple light blocking portions 401 are provided, and a light blocking portion 401 is provided between any two adjacent light incident surfaces 2011 .
  • the light blocking portion 401 By arranging the light blocking portion 401 between any two adjacent light incident surfaces 2011, the light emitted by any one light source 3 can be effectively prevented from irradiating the light incident surface 2011 of the adjacent optical unit to form stray light, which is beneficial to improving the performance of the light incident surface.
  • the light blocking member 4 further includes a connecting portion 402 , multiple light blocking portions 401 are connected to the connecting portion 402 , and the connecting portion 402 is connected to the lens 2 .
  • connection portion 402 can be used to first connect the light blocking member 4 and the lens 2 to form a first sub-assembly, and then connect the first sub-assembly to other components, thereby making it convenient Fix the light blocking member 4 at the preset position of the lens 2.
  • connecting portion 402 on the light blocking member 4 and connecting the connecting portion 402 to the lens 2 it not only facilitates the assembly of the vehicle lamp 1000; it can also effectively improve the assembly accuracy between the light blocking portion 401 and the light incident surface 2011, which is beneficial to Improve the road lighting effect of car lights 1000.
  • the connecting part 402 and the light blocking part 401 are an integral structure.
  • the light blocking component 4 is a stainless steel component, a plastic component, or an aluminum alloy component.
  • the light blocking part 401 is a light blocking plate or a light blocking strip.
  • the connecting portion 402 is a connecting plate, and the connecting plate has an escape portion 4021 for avoiding the light incident surface 2011.
  • the escape portion 4021 can be an escape hole or an escape groove.
  • the vehicle lamp 1000 further includes a frame body 5 , and the connecting portion 402 and the lens 2 are both connected to the frame body 5 .
  • the frame body 5 is a cover body having a receiving cavity 501
  • the lens 2 is disposed in the receiving cavity 501
  • the light blocking member 4 is disposed in the receiving cavity 501 .
  • the lens 2 includes a lens body 201 and a connecting arm 202.
  • the light incident surface 2011 and the light exit surface 2012 are provided on the lens body 201.
  • the frame body 5 has a first connection hole
  • the connecting arm 202 has a second connection hole
  • the connecting part 402 has a third connection hole.
  • the vehicle light 1000 also includes a first fastener 901 , and the first fastener 901 passes through the third connection hole.
  • the first connection hole and the second connection hole are connected with the first connection hole, and the first fastener is used to realize the connection between the light blocking member 4, the lens 2 and the frame body 5.
  • the first fastener 901 may be a bolt, a screw, or the like.
  • the vehicle light 1000 further includes a PCB board 6 and a heat sink 7 , the light source 3 is provided on the PCB board 6 , and the PCB board 6 is connected to the heat sink 7 through a second fastener 902 .
  • the fixing part 102 is connected to the heat sink 7 through a third fastener 903 .
  • the frame 5 has a flange 504 , and the radiator 7 and the flange 504 are connected through a fourth fastener 904 .
  • the second fastener 902, the third fastener 903 and the fourth fastener 904 may be bolts, screws, etc.
  • the lens 2 When assembling the vehicle light 1000, first, the lens 2, the light blocking member 4 and the frame 5 are assembled into the first sub-assembly, and the reflector 1, light source 3, PCB board 6 and radiator 7 are assembled into the second sub-assembly. Then, the second sub-assembly is connected to the first sub-assembly through the fourth fastener 904.
  • the vehicle in the embodiment of the present disclosure includes the vehicle lamp 1000 described in any of the above embodiments.
  • the vehicle according to the embodiment of the present disclosure has the advantages of good safety.
  • first and second are used for descriptive purposes only and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the quantity of indicated technical features. Therefore, features defined as “first” and “second” may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of these features.
  • “plurality” means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise expressly and specifically limited.
  • connection In this disclosure, unless otherwise explicitly stated and limited, the terms “installation”, “connection”, “connection”, “fixing” and other terms should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection or a detachable connection. , or integrated; it can be mechanically connected, electrically connected or communicable with each other; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium; it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction between two elements, Unless otherwise expressly limited. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in this disclosure can be understood according to specific circumstances.
  • a first feature being “on” or “below” a second feature may mean that the first and second features are in direct contact, or the first and second features may be in indirect contact through an intermediary. touch.
  • the terms “above”, “above” and “above” the first feature is above the second feature may mean that the first feature is directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature.
  • "Below”, “below” and “beneath” the first feature to the second feature may mean that the first feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply means that the first feature has a smaller horizontal height than the second feature.
  • the terms “one embodiment,” “some embodiments,” “example,” “specific examples,” or “some examples” or the like mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or other feature is described in connection with the embodiment or example.
  • Features are included in at least one embodiment or example of the disclosure.
  • the schematic expressions of the above terms are not necessarily directed to the same embodiment or example.
  • the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.
  • those skilled in the art may combine and combine different embodiments or examples and features of different embodiments or examples described in this specification unless they are inconsistent with each other.

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Abstract

一种反射镜(1)、投射组件(100)、车灯(1000)和车辆，其中反射镜(1)具有反光面(101)，反光面(101)被水平面所截的截线为第一截线(1011)，第一截线(1011)满足：其中，(0，a/4)为反光面(101)的焦点，a为大于零的常数；l为大于零的常数；θ为大于0°且小于90°的角度值；x为自变量，且x∈(-l,l)，f(x)为随x变化的因变量。

Description

反射镜、投射组件、车灯和车辆
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请要求在2022年04月29日在中国提交的中国专利申请号202221046364X的优先权，其全部内容通过引用并入本文。
技术领域
本公开涉及汽车配件技术领域，具体涉及一种反射镜、投射组件、车灯和车辆。
背景技术
汽车近光灯包括光源、反射镜和透镜，光源设有多个，反射镜具有多个反光面，透镜具有多个入光面，光源、反光面和对应的入光面形成一个光学单元，多个光源、多个反光面和多个入光面形成多个光学单元。每个光学单元中，光源发出的光经对应的反光面反射后汇聚到对应的入光面的焦点附近，多个光源发出的光最终经透镜折射到路面形成照明。
多个光学单元中的一部分光学单元为主光学单元，主光学单元可以形成具有明暗截止线的主光形，另一部分光学单元为辅光学单元，辅光学单元形成辅光形，辅光形在左右方向的宽度大于主光形的宽度。为了使得明暗截止线附近具有较多能量，从而使得近光灯照得更远，通常将主光学单元设置多个。相关技术中，多个主光学单元的反射面结构均相同，使得多个主光学单元形成的光形在左右方向上的均角度相同，在使用近光灯照明时，导致多个主光学单元形成的光形左右边界完全重合，最终导致近光灯形成的光形具有清晰的亮斑边界，路照效果较差。
发明内容
本公开是基于发明人对以下事实和问题的发现和认识做出的：
光学设计中反射镜大部分是以抛物面为基面的。所谓以抛物面为基面，就是在抛物面基础上调整面型角度，以实现对光线反射角度的调整，以满足我们对光线角度调整的需求。汽车近光灯的要求是H-H(水平)方向上有更大的角度，但是在V-V(竖直)方向上有较小的角度，来实现在明暗截止线附近有更多的能量，这样近光灯才能照得更远。
当不同光学单元形成的光形在左右方向上的角度不同时，可以使得不同光学单元形成的光形左右两边边界的错位，从而可以避免多个光形左右两边的边界，因完全重合导致的清晰的亮斑边界。
本公开旨在至少在一定程度上解决相关技术中的技术问题之一。
为此，本公开的实施例提出一种反射镜、投射组件、车灯和车辆，以避免多个光形左右两边的边界，因完全重合导致的清晰的亮斑边界。
本公开实施例的反射镜具有反光面，所述反射镜具有反光面，所述反光面被水平面所 截的截线为第一截线，所述第一截线满足：
其中，为所述反光面的焦点，a为大于零的常数；l为大于零的常数；θ为大于0°且小于90°的角度值；x为自变量，且x∈(-l,l)，f(x)为随x变化的因变量。
在一些实施例中，所述θ∈(5°,10°)；和/或所述l≤10mm。
在一些实施例中，所述反光面被竖直面所截的截线为第二截线，所述第二截线满足：
其中，为所述反光面的焦点，b为大于零的常数；m为大于零的常数；γ为大于0°且小于90°的角度值；p为自变量，且p∈(-m,m)，f(p)为随p变化的因变量。
在一些实施例中，所述γ∈(5°,10°)；和/或所述m≤10mm。在一些实施例中，所述第一截线沿第一方向延伸，所述反光面在所述第一方向上的尺寸为5mm～15mm；和/或所述反光面的焦距0.5mm～3mm。
本公开实施例的投射组件包括多个光学单元，每个所述光学单元包括：反射镜和透镜，所述反射镜具有反光面；所述透镜具有入光面，所述入光面对应所述反光面设置；其中，其中，每个所述光学单元均具有沿第二方向延伸的光轴，所述反光面和对应的所述入光面沿所述第二方向布置，多个所述光学单元中的一部分所述光学单元的反射镜为上述任一实施例所述的反射镜。
在一些实施例中，多个所述光学单元中的一部分为第一主光学单元，所述第一主光学单元满足：所述反光面远离所述入光面的一侧设有可形成第一明暗截止线的第一近光截止线，所述第一近光截止线上具有可形成所述第二明暗截止线的肘部的第一拐点，所述第一拐点设在所述光轴上。
在一些实施例中，所述第一主光学单元的数量为多个，其中一个所述第一主光学单元的θ大于至少一个其余所述第一主光学单元的θ。
在一些实施例中，多个所述光学单元中的一部分为第二主光学单元，所述第二主光学单元的所述反射镜的所述反光面为抛物面，所述第二主光学单元满足：所述反光面远离所述入光面的一侧设有可形成第二明暗截止线的第二近光截止线，所述第二近光截止线上具有可形成所述第二明暗截止线的肘部的第二拐点，所述第二拐点设在所述光轴上。
在一些实施例中，所述透镜具有与所述入光面对应的出光面，所述入光面为第一方向准直的入光面，所述出光面为第三方向准直的出光面，所述第三方向垂直于所述第一方向。
本公开实施例的车灯包括上述任一实施例所述的投射组件。
本公开实施例的车辆包括上述任一实施例所述的车灯。
本公开实施例的反射镜的反光面，与相关技术中反射镜的反光面为抛物面相比，其两侧均向邻近前后中心线的方向收缩。由该反光面反射出的光线向靠近前后中心线的方向倾斜，使得通过反光面反射的光线为发散光线，由此，当从反射镜反射出的光线经过透镜投射出的光形会沿左右方向发散，与相关技术相比，可以增加反射镜所应用的光学单元形成的光形在左右方向的角度。通过调整反射镜的反光面面型，例如，调整θ的值，可以改变反光面反射的光线角度，从而调整反射镜所应用的光学单元形成的光形在左右方向的角度，使得多个光学单元形成的光形的左右边界不完全重合，从而可以减少甚至避免近光灯产生亮斑边界，提高路照效果。
附图说明
图1是本公开一个实施例的投射组件的立体图。
图2是本公开一个实施例的投射组件的主视图。
图3是本公开一个实施例的投射组件的俯视图。
图4是图3中位于左侧的第一主光学单元的光路图。
图5是图4中第一主光学单元的光形效果图。
图6是图3中位于右侧的第一主光学单元的光路图。
图7是图6中第一主光学单元的光形效果图。
图8是图3中第一主光学单元与相关技术中主光学单元的光路对比图。
图9是图3中第二主光学单元的光形效果图。
图10是图3中的两个第一主光学单元和第二主光学单元一起形成的光形效果图。
图11是图3中所有光学单元一起形成的光形效果图。
图12是本公开一个实施例的车灯的爆炸图。
图13是本公开一个实施例的车灯的主视图(隐去了散热器)。
图14是图13的A-A向视图。
图15是图12中透镜、挡光件和架体的爆炸图。
图16是图12中的透镜的立体图。
图17是图12中反射镜的立体图。
图18是图12中反射镜的主视图。
图19是图18的B-B向视图。
附图标记：
车灯1000；
投射组件100；
反射镜1；反光面101；第一截线1011；固定部102；第一近光截止线103；第一反射镜104；第二反射镜105；第二近光截止线106；
透镜2；透镜本体201；入光面2011；出光面2012；分隔部2013；连接臂202；第一透镜203；第二透镜204；
光源3；第一光源301；第二光源302；
挡光件4；挡光部401；连接部402；避让部4021；
架体5；容纳腔501；翻边504；
PCB板6；
散热器7；
第一主光学单元801；第二主光学单元802；
第一紧固件901；第二紧固件902；第三紧固件903；第四紧固件904。
具体实施方式
下面详细描述本公开的实施例，所述实施例的示例在附图中示出。下面通过参考附图描述的实施例是示例性的，旨在用于解释本公开，而不能理解为对本公开的限制。
车灯包括远光灯和近光灯，远光灯的光线平行射出，光线集中且亮度较大，可以照到更高更远的物体，近光灯发出的光呈现发散状态出来，可以照到近处较大范围内的物体。车灯作为汽车的眼睛，不仅关系到一个车主的外在形象，更与夜间开车或坏天气条件下的安全驾驶紧密联系，因此，车灯的路照效果对于安全行驶至关重要。相关技术中，近光灯的多个主光学单元结构均相同，使得每个主光学单元形成的光形在左右方向上的角度相同，从而导致近光灯形成的光形具有清晰的亮斑边界，路照效果较差。
基于上述技术问题中的至少一者，本公开实施例提供一种反射镜、投射组件、车灯和车辆，可以淡化近光灯形成的光形的边界，提高车灯的路照效果，进而提高驾驶安全性。
如图1至图8、图12至图14所示，投射组件100包括多个光学单元，每个光学单元包括反射镜1和透镜2，反射镜1具有反光面101，透镜2具有入光面2011，入光面2011对应反光面101设置。其中，每个光学单元均具有沿第二方向(前后方向)延伸的光轴，反光面101和对应的入光面2011沿第二方向(前后方向)布置。多个光学单元中部分光学单元的反射镜1采用图4和图6所示的反射镜1。
每个光学单元还包括光源3，光源3发出的光线通过反射镜1的反光面101反射到透镜2的入光面2011的焦点附近，最终经透镜2折射到路面形成光形，该光形用于照明。透镜2折射到路面上的光形本质上是透镜2将被照亮的反射镜1的反光面101作为物，通过透镜2投影到车辆的前方，并形成一个上下左右两个方向颠倒的像。
如图4和图6所示，本公开实施例的反射镜1具有反光面101，反光面101具有第一截线1011，第一截线1011满足：
其中，为反光面101的焦点，a为大于零的常数；l为大于零的常数；θ为大于0°且小于90°的角度值；x为自变量，且x∈(-l,l)，f(x)为随x变化的因变量。
需要说明的是，上述a的大小与反光面101的焦点位置相关，具体地，反光面101的焦点为上述l的大小与反光面101的开口大小相关，具体地，反光面101的开口等于2l；θ为反光面101边缘的出射光线与基线的夹角，其中，照射到反光面101上的光线为入射光线，经反光面101反射出的光线为出射光线，基线可以理解为x＝l的直线。对于θ不同的多个反光面101，每个反光面101上出射光线的角度也不同。对于a不同的多个反光面101，每个返光面101的焦点位置也不同，对于l不同的多个反光面101，每个返光面101的开口大小也不同。
如图8所示，为方便理解，以反光面101的第一截线1011沿左右方向延伸，反光面101朝前设置为例，描述本公开的技术方案。
本公开实施例的反射镜1的反光面101，与相关技术中反射镜的反光面为抛物面(图8中的虚线)相比，其两侧均向邻近前后中心线(沿前后方向延伸的中心线)的方向收缩。由该反光面101反射出的光线向靠近前后中心线的方向倾斜，使得通过反光面101反射的光线为发散光线，由此，当从反射镜1反射出的光线经过透镜2折射出的光形会沿左右方向发散，与相关技术相比，可以增加反射镜所应用的光学单元形成的光形在左右方向的角度。通过调整反射镜1的反光面101的面型，例如，调整θ的值，可以改变反光面101反射的光线角度，从而调整反射镜所应用的光学单元形成的光形在左右方向的角度，使得多个光学单元形成的光形的左右边界不完全重合，从而可以减少甚至避免近光灯产生亮斑边界，提高路照效果。
此外，通过上述反光面101的设置，使得通过反光面101发出的出射光线的倾斜角度与入射光线照射在反光面101上的位置呈正相关。具体地，照射到反光面101上的光线位置越靠近反光面101的前后中心线(沿前后方向延伸)，该光线反射出的光线倾斜角度越大，即图8中的d1＞d2＞d3，从而使得从反射镜1反射出的光线经过透镜2投射出的光形，等照度线可控，便于光形的设计和提高路照均匀性。
因此，本公开实施例的反射镜1可以减少甚至避免近光灯产生亮斑边界，提高路照效果。
在一些实施例中，θ∈(5°,10°)。
通过将θ设为-5°～10°，可以满足大多数光学单元的需求，且使得反射镜1的尺寸较小，利于反射镜1的小型化和轻量化设计。
在一些实施例中，l≤10mm。
通过将l设为0～10mm，可以满足大多数光学单元的需求，且使得反射镜1的尺寸较小，利于反射镜1的小型化和轻量化设计。
在一些实施例中，反光面101被竖直面所截的截线为第二截线，第二截线满足：
其中，为反光面101的焦点，b为大于零的常数；m为大于零的常数；γ为大于0大且小于90于的角度值；p为自变量，且p∈(-m,m)，f(p)为随p变化的因变量。
需要说明的是，上述b的大小与反光面101的焦点位置相关，具体地，反光面101的焦点为上述m的大小与反光面101的开口大小相关，具体地，反光面101的开口等于2m；γ为反光面101边缘的出射光线与基线的夹角，其中，照射到反光面101上的光线为入射光线，经反光面101反射出的光线为出射光线，基线可以理解为p＝m的直线。对于γ不同的多个反光面101，每个反光面101上出射光线的角度也不同。对于b不同的多个反光面101，每个返光面101的焦点位置也不同，对于m不同的多个反光面101，每个返光面101的开口大小也不同。此外，反光面101的焦点只有一个，仅是该焦点在不同截线上的位置表示。
为方便理解，以反光面101的第二截线沿上下方向延伸，描述本公开的技术方案。
本公开实施例的反射镜1的反光面101，与相关技术中反射镜1的反光面101为抛物面相比，其两侧均向邻近上下中心线(沿上下方向延伸的中心线)的方向收缩。由该反光面101反射出的光线向靠近上下中心线的方向倾斜，使得通过反光面101反射的光线为发散光线，由此，当从反射镜1反射出的光线经过透镜2投射出的光形会沿上下方向发散，与相关技术相比，可以减小反射镜所应用的光学单元形成的光形在上下方向的角度。通过调整反射镜1的反光面101的面型，例如，调整γ的值，可以改变反光面101反射的光线角度，从而调整反射镜所应用的光学单元形成的光形在上下方向的角度。
在一些实施例中，γ∈(5°,10°)。
通过将γ设为5°～10°，可以满足大多数光学单元的需求，且使得反射镜1的尺寸较小，利于反射镜1的小型化和轻量化设计。
在一些实施例中，m≤10mm。
通过将m设为0～10mm，可以满足大多数光学单元的需求，且使得反射镜1的尺寸较小，利于反射镜1的小型化和轻量化设计。
在另一些实施例中，第二截线也可以为抛物线。
在一些实施例中，反光面101在左右方向上的尺寸为5mm～15mm。
例如，反光面101在左右方向上的尺寸为10mm。
在一些实施例中，反光面101的焦距0.5mm～3mm。
例如，反光面101的焦距为1mm，使得反光面101的焦距较小，有利于提高投射组件100照射在路面上的亮度与光效率。
在一些实施例中，透镜2具有与入光面2011对应的出光面2012，入光面2011为第一方向准直的入光面2011，出光面2012为第三方向准直的出光面2012。
如图1、图15和图16所示，透镜2具有与入光面2011对应的出光面2012，入光面2011为左右方向准直的入光面2011，出光面2012为上下方向准直的出光面2012。
可以理解的是，上述上下方向与投射组件100所应用的车辆的坐标系一致，换言之，上述上下方向为车辆坐标系的上下方向。其中，上下方向为车辆的上下方向。
入光面2011为左右方向准直的入光面2011可以理解为：入光面2011在左右方向上的截线为凸曲线，入光面2011对光线在左右方向上偏折程度较大，能够对发散光线具有一定的准直作用；入光面2011在上下方向上的截线为直线，入光面2011对光线在上下方向上的偏折能力较弱，不具有准直作用。
出光面2012为上下方向准直的出光面2012可以理解为：出光面2012在上下方向上的截线为凸曲线，出光面2012对光线在上下方向上偏折程度较大，能够对发散光线具有一定的准直作用；出光面2012在左右方向上的截线为直线，出光面2012对光线在左右方向上的偏折能力较弱，不具有准直作用。
通过将透镜2的入光面2011设置为具有第一方向准直的入光面2011，并将透镜2的出光面2012设置为第三方向准直的出光面2012，便于近光灯有投射组件在路面上形成非对称光形，例如，形成左右方向尺寸大、上下方向尺寸小的长方形光形。
在一些实施例中，入光面2011和出光面2012沿第二方向间隔设置。
例如，入光面2011和出光面2012沿前后方向间隔设置。
在一些实施例中，多个光学单元中的一部分为第一主光学单元801，第一主光学单元801的反射镜1为图4和图6所示的反射镜1，第一主光学单元801满足：反光面101远离入光面2011的一侧设有可形成第一明暗截止线的第一近光截止线103，第一近光截止线103上具有可形成第一明暗截止线的肘部的第一拐点，第一拐点设在光轴上。
通过在第一主光学单元801的反光面101上设置第一近光截止线103，使得被照亮的反射镜1的反光面101作为物，通过透镜2投影到车辆的前方时，形成的像(光形)具有与第一近光截止线103形状一致的亮线，该亮线即为第一明暗截止线。其中，第一近光截止线103为折线，第一近光截止线103包括依次相连的多条线段，相邻两条线段之间的连接点为一个拐点。第一近光截止线103上具有相邻的第一拐点和第三拐点，第一拐点位于第三拐点的右侧，第一拐点高于第三拐点。被照亮的反射镜1的反光面101作为物，通过透镜2投影到车辆的前方时，第一拐点的像和第三拐点的像均位于第一明暗截止线上，且第一拐点的像位于第三拐点的像的左侧、第一拐点的像低于第三拐点的像。从外观来看，第一拐点的像与人类的“肘部”相似，第三拐点的像与人类的“肩部”相似。
例如，如图2至图7所示，可以理解的是，第一近光截止线103可以形成近光灯的第一明暗截止线，第一拐点可形成第一明暗截止线的“肘部”。
第一近光截止线103包括自左向右依次相连的第一段、第二段和第三段，第一段设在第三段的下侧，第二段的左端低右端高。第一段和第二段之间形成一个拐点，该拐点可形 成第一明暗截止线的“肩部”，第三段和第二段之间形成第一拐点。
在一些实施例中，第二段的倾斜角度为45°。
在一些实施例中，第一段、第二段和第三段中的至少一者为直线。
例如，第一段、第二段和第三段均为直线，此时，第一段、第二段和第三段形成折线。
可以理解的是，当第一段和第三段为直线时，第一段和第三段可以为与左右方向平行的直线，也可以为与左右方向相交的斜线。
在一些实施例中，第一段、第二段和第三段中的至少一者为曲线。
例如，第一段和第三段为直线，第二段为曲线。
在一些实施例中，第一主光学单元801的数量为多个，其中一个第一主光学单元801的θ大于至少一个其余第一主光学单元801的θ。
例如，如图2和图3所示，第一主光学单元801的数量为两个，其中一个第一主光学单元801位于另一个第一主光学单元801的左侧，位于左侧的第一主光学单元801的θ大于位于其右侧的第一主光学单元801的θ。第一主光学单元801中，透镜2为第一透镜2032，反射镜1为第一反射镜1041，光源3为第一光源301。第一透镜2032、第一反射镜1041和第一光源301沿前后方向布置。两个第一透镜2032沿左右方向布置，两个第一反射镜1041沿左右方向布置，两个第一光源301沿左右方向布置。
通过将其中一个第一主光学单元801的θ设为大于另一个第一主光学单元801的θ，使得两个第一主光学单元801形成的光形在左右方向的角度不同，利于投射组件100形成的光形的能量从中心向左右两侧均匀过渡变化，更有效地避免多个光形左右两边的边界因完全重合导致的清晰的亮斑边界。
在一些实施例中，多个光学单元中的一部分为第二主光学单元802，第二主光学单元802的反射镜1的反光面101为抛物面。第二主光学单元802满足：反光面101远离入光面2011的一侧设有可形成第二明暗截止线的第二近光截止线106，第二近光截止线106上具有可形成第二明暗截止线的肘部的第二拐点，第二拐点设在光轴上。
与第一近光截止线103类似，第二近光截止线106为折线，第二近光截止线106可以形成近光灯的第二明暗截止线，第二拐点可形成第二明暗截止线的“肘部”。
其中，第二近光截止线106与第一近光截止线103具有重合部分，第一明暗截止线的“肘部”与第二明暗截止线的“肘部”重合。
第二主光学单元802中，透镜2为第二透镜2042，反射镜1为第二反射镜1051，光源3为第二光源302。第二透镜2042、第二反射镜1051和第二光源302沿前后方向布置。
本公开实施例的反射镜的反射面的数值求解方法：
(1)数值求解的原理
对于函数y＝f(x)上任意一点A(x,f(x))的一阶泰勒展开式：
对于函数的一阶数值解，Peano余项o[(x-x0)2]可以忽略。
当x→x0，则
将计算域x∈[0,l]均分成N+1个点Ai(xi,f(xi))，i＝0,1,2,…,N.
则当N→∞时，xi+1→xi，
即
(2)数值求解差分方程
由上所述，当N足够大，且根据i＝0,1,2,…,N，可以默认下式成立：
是为
对于i＝0,1,2,…,N-1，根据
可以构造如下差分方程组：
其中，i＝0,1,2,…,N-1；迭代求解此方程组，确定所有的节点Ai(xi,f(xi))，i＝0,1,2,…,N，即可绘制函数y＝f(x)的图像，即第一截线的图像。
此外，通过上述方法可以绘制第二截线的图像，第一截线以第二截线为轨迹线平移即可得到反光面。具体进行反射镜1的设计时，可以根据需要设置a、l和θ的大小，从而使得设计出的反射镜1满足使用需求。
在一些实施例中，光源3为面光源3，光源3的数量为5～10个。
例如，如图1至图3所示，光源3的数量为8个，在一些实施例中，光源3为LED。
在一些实施例中，多个透镜2为一体式结构，相邻透镜2的入光面2011之间形成分隔部2013。
例如，如图12至图15所示，八个透镜2为一体式结构，八个透镜2形成一个透镜2组，该透镜2组的八个入光面2011依次相连形成波浪面；该透镜2组的八个出光面2012依次相连形成一个凸曲面。
在一些实施例中，多个反射镜1为一体式结构。
例如，如图12、图17至图19所示，八个反射镜1形成一个反射镜1组。
在一些实施例中，反射镜1包括固定部102和反射部，反射部与固定部102为一体式结构，反光面101设在反射部上。
本公开实施例的车灯1000包括上述任一实施例所述的投射组件100。
因此，本公开实施例的车灯1000具有路照效果好等优点。
相关技术中，车灯1000在路面上形成的光形存在杂散光现象，影响车灯1000的路照效果。
本公开实施例的车灯1000还包括挡光件4，挡光件4包括挡光部401，挡光部401设在相邻两个入光面2011之间，即挡光部401对应分隔部2013设置，以将相邻两个入光面2011隔开。
本公开实施例的车灯1000，通过设置挡光件4，利用挡光件4的挡光部401将相邻两个入光面2011隔开，可以有效避免光源3发出的光线，照射到相邻光学单元的入光面2011上而形成杂散光。具有本公开实施例的车灯1000工作时，可以大大减少甚至避免杂散光，有利于提高车灯1000的路照效果。
因此，具有本公开实施例的车灯1000具有路照效果好等优点。
在一些实施例中，图12至图15所示，挡光部401设有多个，任意相邻两个入光面2011之间均设有挡光部401。
通过在任意相邻两个入光面2011之间设置挡光部401，可以有效避免任意一个光源3发出的光线照射到相邻光学单元的入光面2011上，而形成杂散光，有利于提高车灯1000的路照效果。
在一些实施例中，如图12和图15所示，挡光件4还包括连接部402，多个挡光部401均与连接部402相连，连接部402与透镜2相连。
在进行车灯1000的组装时，可以先利用连接部402实现挡光件4与透镜2的连接，形成一个第一分总成，然后再进行第一分总成与其他部件的连接，从而方便将挡光件4固定在透镜2的预设位置处。
因此，通过在挡光件4上设置连接部402，连接部402与透镜2相连不仅方便车灯1000的组装；而且可以有效提高挡光部401和入光面2011之间的装配精度，有利于提高车灯1000的路照效果。
在一些实施例中，连接部402和挡光部401为一体式结构。
在一些实施例中，挡光件4为不锈钢件、塑料件或铝合金件。
在一些实施例中，挡光部401为挡光板或挡光条。
在一些实施例中，连接部402为连接板，连接板上具有用于避让入光面2011的避让部4021，避让部4021可以为避让孔或避让槽。
在一些实施例中，车灯1000还包括架体5，连接部402和透镜2均与架体5相连。
例如，如图12至图15所示，架体5为具有容纳腔501的罩体，透镜2设在容纳腔501内，挡光件4设在容纳腔501内。透镜2包括透镜本体201和连接臂202，入光面2011和出光面2012设在透镜本体201上。
架体5具有第一连接孔，连接臂202具有第二连接孔，连接部402具有第三连接孔，车灯1000还包括第一紧固件901，第一紧固件901穿过第三连接孔和第二连接孔并与第一连接孔相连，利用第一紧固件实现挡光件4、透镜2与架体5的连接。
在一些实施例中，第一紧固件901可以为螺栓、螺钉等。
在一些实施例中，如图12所示，车灯1000还包括PCB板6和散热器7，光源3设在PCB板6上，PCB板6通过第二紧固件902与散热器7相连。固定部102通过第三紧固件903与散热器7相连。
在一些实施例中，如图12、图13和图15所示，架体5具有翻边504，散热器7与翻边504通过第四紧固件904相连。
其中，第二紧固件902、第三紧固件903和第四紧固件904可以为螺栓、螺钉等。
在进行车灯1000的组装时，首先，透镜2、挡光件4和架体5组装成第一分总成，反射镜1、光源3、PCB板6和散热器7组装成第二分总成；然后，第二分总成与第一分总成通过第四紧固件904相连。
本公开实施例的车辆包括上述任一实施例所述的车灯1000。
因此，本公开实施例的车辆具有安全性好等优点。
在本公开的描述中，需要理解的是，术语“中心”、“纵向”、“横向”、“长度”、“宽度”、“厚度”、“上”、“下”、“前”、“后”、“左”、“右”、“竖直”、“水平”、“顶”、“底”“内”、“外”、“顺时针”、“逆时针”、“轴向”、“径向”、“周向”等指示的方位或位置关系为基于附图所示的方位或位置关系，仅是为了便于描述本公开和简化描述，而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作，因此不能理解为对本公开的限制。
此外，术语“第一”、“第二”仅用于描述目的，而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性或者隐含指明所指示的技术特征的数量。由此，限定有“第一”、“第二”的特征可以明示或者隐含地包括至少一个该特征。在本公开的描述中，“多个”的含义是至少两个，例如两个，三个等，除非另有明确具体的限定。
在本公开中，除非另有明确的规定和限定，术语“安装”、“相连”、“连接”、“固定”等术语应做广义理解，例如，可以是固定连接，也可以是可拆卸连接，或成一体；可以是机械连接，也可以是电连接或彼此可通讯；可以是直接相连，也可以通过中间媒介间接相连，可以是两个元件内部的连通或两个元件的相互作用关系，除非另有明确的限定。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以根据具体情况理解上述术语在本公开中的具体含义。
在本公开中，除非另有明确的规定和限定，第一特征在第二特征“上”或“下”可以是第一和第二特征直接接触，或第一和第二特征通过中间媒介间接接触。而且，第一特征在第二特征“之上”、“上方”和“上面”可是第一特征在第二特征正上方或斜上方，或仅仅表示第一特征水平高度高于第二特征。第一特征在第二特征“之下”、“下方”和“下面”可以是第一特征在第二特征正下方或斜下方，或仅仅表示第一特征水平高度小于第二特征。
在本公开中，术语“一个实施例”、“一些实施例”、“示例”、“具体示例”、或“一些示例”等意指结合该实施例或示例描述的具体特征、结构、材料或者特点包含于本公开的至少一个实施例或示例中。在本说明书中，对上述术语的示意性表述不必须针对的是相同的实施例或示例。而且，描述的具体特征、结构、材料或者特点可以在任一个或多个实施例或示例中以合适的方式结合。此外，在不相互矛盾的情况下，本领域的技术人员可以将本说明书中描述的不同实施例或示例以及不同实施例或示例的特征进行结合和组合。
尽管上面已经示出和描述了本公开的实施例，可以理解的是，上述实施例是示例性的，不能理解为对本公开的限制，本领域普通技术人员对上述实施例进行的变化、修改、替换和变型均在本公开的保护范围内。

Claims (12)

  1. 一种反射镜，其特征在于，所述反射镜具有反光面，所述反光面被水平面所截的截线为第一截线，所述第一截线满足：
    其中，为所述反光面的焦点，a为大于零的常数；l为大于零的常数；θ为大于0°且小于90°的角度值；x为自变量，且x∈(-l,l)，f(x)为随x变化的因变量。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的反射镜，其特征在于，所述θ∈(5°,10°)；和/或
    所述l≤10mm。
  3. 根据权利要求1或2所述的反射镜，其特征在于，所述反光面被竖直面所截的截线为第二截线，所述第二截线满足：
    其中，为所述反光面的焦点，b为大于零的常数；m为大于零的常数；γ为大于0°且小于90°的角度值；p为自变量，且p∈(-m,m)，f(p)为随p变化的因变量。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的反射镜，其特征在于，所述γ∈(5°,10°)；和/或
    所述m≤10mm。
  5. 根据权利要求1至4中任一项所述的反射镜，其特征在于，所述第一截线沿第一方向延伸，所述反光面在所述第一方向上的尺寸为5mm～15mm；和/或
    所述反光面的焦距0.5mm～3mm。
  6. 一种投射组件，其特征在于，包括多个光学单元，每个所述光学单元包括：反射镜，所述反射镜具有反光面；和
    透镜，所述透镜具有入光面，所述入光面对应所述反光面设置；
    其中，每个所述光学单元均具有沿第二方向延伸的光轴，所述反光面和对应的所述入光面沿所述第二方向布置，多个所述光学单元中的一部分所述光学单元的反射镜为权利要求1至5中任一项所述的反射镜。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的投射组件，其特征在于，多个所述光学单元中的一部分为第一主光学单元，所述第一主光学单元的所述反射镜为权利要求1至5中任一项所述的反射镜，所述第一主光学单元满足：所述反光面远离所述入光面的一侧设有可形成第一明暗截止线的第一近光截止线，所述第一近光截止线上具有可形成所述第一明暗截止线的肘部的 第一拐点，所述第一拐点设在所述光轴上。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的投射组件，其特征在于，所述第一主光学单元的数量为多个，其中一个所述第一主光学单元的θ大于至少一个其余所述第一主光学单元的θ。
  9. 根据权利要求7或8所述的投射组件，其特征在于，多个所述光学单元中的一部分为第二主光学单元，所述第二主光学单元的所述反射镜的所述反光面为抛物面，所述第二主光学单元满足：所述反光面远离所述入光面的一侧设有可形成第二明暗截止线的第二近光截止线，所述第二近光截止线上具有可形成所述第二明暗截止线的肘部的第二拐点，所述第二拐点设在所述光轴上。
  10. 根据权利要求6至9中任一项所述的投射组件，其特征在于，所述透镜具有与所述入光面对应的出光面，所述入光面为第一方向准直的入光面，所述出光面为第三方向准直的出光面，所述第三方向垂直于所述第一方向。
  11. 一种车灯，其特征在于，包括权利要求6至10中任一项所述的投射组件。
  12. 一种车辆，其特征在于，包括权利要求11所述的车灯。
PCT/CN2023/090949 2022-04-29 2023-04-26 反射镜、投射组件、车灯和车辆 WO2023208064A1 (zh)

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