WO2023207653A1 - 一种基于分组的侧行同步方法及装置 - Google Patents

一种基于分组的侧行同步方法及装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023207653A1
WO2023207653A1 PCT/CN2023/088707 CN2023088707W WO2023207653A1 WO 2023207653 A1 WO2023207653 A1 WO 2023207653A1 CN 2023088707 W CN2023088707 W CN 2023088707W WO 2023207653 A1 WO2023207653 A1 WO 2023207653A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
terminal device
information
synchronization
grouping information
timing
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PCT/CN2023/088707
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
李君瑶
黎超
杨帆
黄海宁
张天虹
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华为技术有限公司
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Publication of WO2023207653A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023207653A1/zh

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W56/00—Synchronisation arrangements
    • H04W56/0005—Synchronisation arrangements synchronizing of arrival of multiple uplinks
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W56/00—Synchronisation arrangements
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W56/00—Synchronisation arrangements
    • H04W56/001—Synchronization between nodes

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the field of communication technology, and in particular, to a packet-based sideline synchronization method and device.
  • the fifth-generation (5G) mobile communication technology is also called new radio (NR) technology.
  • NR technology services a variety of services, including enhanced mobile broadband services, ultra-reliable low-latency communication services, and large-scale machines Communication services, etc.
  • timing synchronization is required for nodes communicating in the network so that the received signals can be correctly demodulated and communication transmission can be achieved. For example, after the terminal is powered on, it can continue blind detection for initial synchronization until it searches for synchronization signals from one or more synchronization sources (or synchronization reference sources). The terminal can select a synchronization source according to certain rules and use the synchronization signal of the synchronization source. Obtain timing for communication transmission.
  • terminals can perform timing synchronization based on the global navigation satellite system (GNSS), or based on base stations such as gNB or eNB.
  • GNSS global navigation satellite system
  • other terminals can also be used as synchronization sources for timing synchronization.
  • the multiple terminals may use different base stations of different operators, different base stations of the same operator, GNSS or other terminals as synchronization sources for timing synchronization. Therefore, side-link transmission
  • the receiving end and transmitting end may be synchronized to the above-mentioned different synchronization sources, so the obtained timing may be misaligned, which will cause the communication performance of sideline transmission to not be guaranteed.
  • This application provides a packet-based sideline synchronization method and device, which solves the problem in the prior art that different terminals use different synchronization sources for timing synchronization, resulting in timing misalignment and inability to guarantee sideline transmission communication performance.
  • a first aspect provides a packet-based sideline synchronization method, applied to a first terminal device.
  • the method includes: receiving a sideline synchronization signal block S-SSB of at least one terminal device, the S-SSB indicating that the terminal The grouping information of the device and the synchronization information of the terminal device, wherein the grouping information is the grouping information used by the terminal device to obtain timing, and the synchronization information includes the timing of the terminal device; according to the first terminal The grouping information of the device and the grouping information of the at least one terminal device determine a synchronization source from the at least one terminal device; and the timing is obtained according to the synchronization information of the synchronization source.
  • the terminal device can select other terminal devices as the synchronization source through group information. Among them, the terminal device in the same group as the terminal device can be prioritized as the synchronization source. source, thereby ensuring as much as possible the timing synchronization between multiple terminal devices performing side-line communication and improving side-line transmission efficiency.
  • the synchronization source and the grouping information of the first terminal device are the same. Therefore, by selecting terminal devices with the same grouping information as the synchronization source, timing synchronization of sideline transmission between terminal devices in the same group is ensured.
  • the reference signal reception power of the synchronization source is higher than a preset threshold, and the synchronization source is the highest reference signal reception power among at least one terminal device that has the same grouping information as the first terminal device. of.
  • the one with the highest signal power can be selected first as the synchronization source to improve timing efficiency.
  • the grouping information is determined based on at least one of the geographical location, service type, service requirement or data transmission type of the first terminal device.
  • the terminal devices can be grouped according to their geographical location, service type, service requirements or data transmission type (unicast, multicast or broadcast, etc.) to improve Timing synchronization efficiency improves sideline transmission efficiency.
  • the grouping information includes one or more grouping identification information.
  • One terminal device can correspond to one or more identification IDs to represent the group information of the terminal device, thereby distinguishing the group information corresponding to different terminal devices and improving the efficiency and flexibility of timing synchronization.
  • the grouping information of the first terminal device is preconfigured; or is obtained based on receiving instruction information from a network device or other terminal devices.
  • the configuration method of the terminal device grouping information there is no specific limitation on the configuration method of the terminal device grouping information.
  • the corresponding grouping information can be configured for the terminal device through predefinition, preconfiguration, or dynamic configuration, for example, by a network device or other terminal device.
  • Send instruction information carrying grouping information carrying grouping information.
  • the grouping information is carried in the physical sidelink broadcast channel PSBCH, the physical sidelink data channel PSSCH, the physical sidelink control channel PSCCH, or the sidelink synchronization signal SLSS. This improves the flexibility of configuring grouping information and improving the flexibility of synchronizing grouping of terminal devices.
  • the synchronization source is a central node among multiple terminal devices that have the same grouping information as the first terminal device.
  • terminal devices in the same group can selectively synchronize to the central node in the group according to preset rules, so that terminal devices in the same group with communication needs can Multiple terminal devices achieve timing synchronization to improve the communication efficiency of sideline transmission.
  • the synchronization source is a central node in the at least one terminal device.
  • central nodes in different groups can be prioritized as synchronization sources, so that timing synchronization can be achieved as much as possible between multiple terminal devices in different groups and synchronization efficiency can be improved.
  • the method further includes: receiving first indication information, the first indication information being used to indicate that the second terminal device is a central node or a non-central node.
  • specific instruction information can be used to set the central node/non-central node in the interaction group between terminal devices, so that a more appropriate synchronization source can be selected during timing synchronization and the synchronization efficiency can be improved.
  • the first indication information is carried in the S-SSB, for example, on the PSBCH.
  • the first indication information can also be carried in SLSS.
  • a packet-based sideline synchronization method is provided, which is applied to a second terminal device.
  • the method includes: generating a sideline synchronization signal block S-SSB, where the S-SSB indicates the grouping of the second terminal device. information and synchronization information, wherein the grouping information is grouping information used by the second terminal device to obtain timing, and the synchronization information includes the timing of the second terminal device; sending the S- to the first terminal device SSB.
  • the method further includes: sending grouping information to the first terminal device, the grouping information being used to instruct the first terminal device to obtain timing grouping information, or the grouping information Indicate that the first terminal device and the second terminal device are in the same group or in different groups.
  • the method further includes: sending first indication information to the first terminal device, where the first indication information is used to indicate that the second terminal device is a central node or a non-central node.
  • the grouping information or the first indication information is carried in the S-SSB.
  • the grouping information includes one or more grouping identification information.
  • the grouping information of the second terminal device is preconfigured; or is obtained based on receiving instruction information from the network device or other terminal devices.
  • a packet-based sidelink synchronization method is provided, which is applied to a network device.
  • the method includes: determining packet information of a sidelink transmission acquisition timing by a first terminal device; and sending the packet to the first terminal device.
  • Information, the grouping information is used to instruct the first terminal device to obtain timing.
  • the method further includes: sending first indication information to the first terminal device, where the first indication information is used to indicate that the second terminal device is a central node or a non-central node.
  • the grouping information includes one or more grouping identification information.
  • a sideline synchronization method applied to a first terminal device.
  • the method includes: receiving a sideline synchronization signal block S-SSB of a second terminal device, where the S-SSB indicates the second terminal device.
  • synchronization information wherein the synchronization information includes the timing of the second terminal device; the S-SSB includes at least one of the following second indication information, the second indication information indicates the second terminal device.
  • the identification information of the corresponding public land mobile network PLMN or indicating whether the timing of multiple base stations corresponding to the PLMN is synchronized, or indicating the identification information of the base station or cell corresponding to the second terminal device; determined according to the S-SSB Synchronization source: obtain timing according to the synchronization information of the synchronization source.
  • a terminal device that needs timing synchronization can determine its own synchronization source based on the synchronization sources of other terminal devices that have been timing synchronized, so as to try to choose the synchronization source with other terminal devices.
  • the synchronization source of device timing alignment improves the communication efficiency of sideline transmission.
  • the synchronization source is: the global navigation satellite or the second terminal device. Therefore, the first terminal device can refer to the synchronization source of the second terminal device, and can directly synchronize to the global navigation satellite, or synchronize to the second terminal device, thereby improving synchronization efficiency.
  • the synchronization source is: the base station corresponding to the second terminal device, Or, any base station corresponding to the PLMN, or the base station with the largest signal strength among the multiple base stations corresponding to the PLMN, or the second terminal device. Therefore, the first terminal device can refer to the synchronization source of the second terminal device, and can directly synchronize to the base station to which the second terminal device synchronizes, or due to other base stations corresponding to the PLMN. are timing synchronized, and the first terminal device can synchronize to any base station, or choose to synchronize to the base station with the strongest signal to improve synchronization efficiency.
  • the first terminal device may directly synchronize to the base station to which the second terminal device synchronizes, or synchronize to the second terminal device.
  • the synchronization source is: the first base station or the second terminal device. If the S-SSB includes an indication of which base station the second terminal device is synchronized to, the first terminal device can directly synchronize with the same base station as the second terminal device, thereby improving synchronization efficiency.
  • the second terminal device is a central node or a non-central node through which the first terminal device and the second terminal device perform side transmission. Therefore, when determining the synchronization source, the terminal device can give priority to the synchronization source of the central node in the same group, try to achieve timing synchronization between terminals in the group, and improve sidelink transmission efficiency.
  • the method further includes: sending third indication information to the second terminal device, where the third indication information is used to indicate the synchronization source determined by the first terminal device.
  • the first terminal device may send an indication to the second terminal device whether the synchronization source selected by itself is the second terminal device, so that if the synchronization source of the first terminal device is not the second terminal device, the second terminal device You can not send or reduce the frequency of sending synchronization signals to save power consumption.
  • a sideline synchronization method is provided, applied to a second terminal device.
  • the method includes: generating a sideline synchronization signal block S-SSB, where the S-SSB indicates synchronization information of the second terminal device, wherein , the synchronization information includes the timing of the second terminal device; the S-SSB includes at least one of the following second indication information, the second indication information indicates the public land mobile service corresponding to the second terminal device.
  • the identification information of the network PLMN either indicates whether the timing of multiple base stations corresponding to the PLMN is synchronized, or indicates the identification information of the base station or cell corresponding to the second terminal device; the S-SSB is sent to the first terminal device.
  • the S-SSB also instructs the second terminal device to synchronize to global navigation satellites.
  • the S-SSB also instructs the second terminal device to synchronize to the first base station.
  • the second terminal device is a central node or a non-central node through which the first terminal device and the second terminal device perform side transmission.
  • the method further includes: receiving third indication information sent from the first terminal device, where the third indication information is used to indicate the synchronization source determined by the first terminal device.
  • a sixth aspect provides a communication device, which includes: a transceiver module configured to receive a sideline synchronization signal block S-SSB of at least one terminal device, where the S-SSB indicates grouping information of the terminal device; Synchronization information of the terminal device, wherein the grouping information is grouping information used by the terminal device to obtain timing, and the synchronization information includes the timing of the terminal device; a processing module configured to obtain timing according to the timing of the communication device.
  • the grouping information and the grouping information of the at least one terminal device determine a synchronization source from the at least one terminal device; and the timing is obtained according to the synchronization information of the synchronization source.
  • the synchronization source is the same as the grouping information of the communication device.
  • the reference signal received power of the synchronization source is higher than a preset threshold, and the synchronization source is the highest reference signal received power in at least one terminal device that has the same grouping information as the communication device. High.
  • the grouping information is determined based on at least one of the geographical location, service type, service requirement or data transmission type of the communication device.
  • the grouping information includes one or more grouping identification information.
  • the grouping information of the communication device is preconfigured; or is obtained based on receiving instruction information from the network device or other terminal devices.
  • the synchronization source is a central node among multiple terminal devices that have the same grouping information as the communication device.
  • the synchronization source is a central node in the at least one terminal device.
  • the transceiver module is further configured to receive first indication information, where the first indication information is used to indicate that the second terminal device is a central node or a non-central node.
  • the first indication information is carried in the S-SSB.
  • a communication device in a seventh aspect, includes: a processing module for generating a side row synchronization signal block S-SSB, where the S-SSB indicates grouping information and synchronization information of the communication device, wherein, The grouping information is grouping information used by the communication device to obtain timing, and the synchronization information includes the timing of the communication device; a transceiver module is used to send the S-SSB to the first terminal device.
  • the transceiver module is also configured to send grouping information to the first terminal device, where the grouping information is used to instruct the first terminal device to obtain timing grouping information, or the grouping information Indicate that the first terminal device and the communication device are in the same group or in different groups.
  • the transceiver module is further configured to send first indication information to the first terminal device, where the first indication information is used to indicate that the communication device is a central node or a non-central node.
  • the grouping information or the first indication information is carried in the S-SSB.
  • the grouping information includes one or more grouping identification information.
  • the grouping information of the communication device is preconfigured; or is obtained based on receiving instruction information from the network device or other terminal devices.
  • a communication device in an eighth aspect, includes: a processing module for determining the packet information of the sideline transmission acquisition timing of the first terminal device; and a transceiver module for sending the packet information to the first terminal device.
  • the grouping information is used to instruct the first terminal device to obtain timing.
  • the transceiver module is further configured to send first indication information to the first terminal device, where the first indication information is used to indicate that the second terminal device is a central node or a non-central node.
  • the grouping information includes one or more grouping identification information.
  • a communication device in a ninth aspect, includes: a transceiver module configured to receive a side row synchronization signal block S-SSB of a second terminal device, where the S-SSB indicates synchronization of the second terminal device.
  • the synchronization information includes the timing of the second terminal device
  • the S-SSB includes at least one of the following second indication information
  • the second indication information indicates that the second terminal device corresponds to The identification information of the public land mobile network PLMN, or indicating whether the timing of multiple base stations corresponding to the PLMN is synchronized, or indicating the identification information of the base station or cell corresponding to the second terminal device
  • a processing module configured to operate according to the S -SSB Determine the synchronization source and obtain timing according to the synchronization information of the synchronization source.
  • the synchronization source is: the global navigation satellite or the second terminal device.
  • the synchronization source is: the base station corresponding to the second terminal device, Or, any base station corresponding to the PLMN, or the base station with the largest signal strength among the multiple base stations corresponding to the PLMN, or the second terminal device.
  • the synchronization source is: the first base station or the second terminal device.
  • the second terminal device is a central node or a non-central node through which the communication device and the second terminal device perform side transmission.
  • the transceiver module is further configured to send third indication information to the second terminal device, where the third indication information is used to indicate the synchronization source determined by the communication device.
  • a communication device includes: a processing module for generating a side row synchronization signal block S-SSB, where the S-SSB indicates synchronization information of the communication device, wherein the synchronization
  • the information includes the timing of the communication device;
  • the S-SSB includes at least one of the following second indication information, the second indication information indicates the identification information of the public land mobile network PLMN corresponding to the communication device, or indicates Whether the timing of multiple base stations corresponding to the PLMN is synchronized, or indicating the identification information of the base station or cell corresponding to the communication device;
  • a transceiver module configured to send the S-SSB to the first terminal device.
  • the S-SSB also instructs the communication device to synchronize to global navigation satellites.
  • the S-SSB also instructs the communication device to synchronize to the first base station.
  • the communication device is a central node or a non-central node through which the first terminal device and the communication device perform side transmission.
  • the transceiver module is further configured to receive third indication information sent from the first terminal device, where the third indication information is used to indicate the synchronization source determined by the first terminal device.
  • a communication device in an eleventh aspect, includes a processor and a transmission interface; wherein the processor is configured to execute instructions stored in a memory, so that the device performs the above-mentioned first aspect. any of the methods described.
  • a communication device includes a processor and a transmission interface; wherein the processor is configured to execute instructions stored in the memory, so that the device performs the above-mentioned second aspect. any of the methods described.
  • a communication device in a thirteenth aspect, includes a processor and a transmission interface; wherein the processor is configured to execute instructions stored in the memory, so that the device performs the above-mentioned third aspect. any of the methods described.
  • a communication device in a fourteenth aspect, includes a processor and a transmission interface; wherein the processor is configured to execute instructions stored in the memory, so that the device performs the above-mentioned fourth aspect. any of the methods described.
  • a communication device in a fifteenth aspect, includes a processor and a transmission interface; wherein the processor is configured to execute instructions stored in the memory, so that the device executes the above fifth aspect. any one of the methods.
  • a computer-readable storage medium including a program or instructions.
  • the program or instructions are run by a processor, the method described in any one of the above-mentioned first aspects is executed.
  • a computer-readable storage medium including a program or instructions.
  • the program or instructions are run by a processor, the method described in any one of the above second aspects is executed.
  • a computer-readable storage medium including a program or instructions.
  • the program or instructions are run by a processor, the method described in any one of the above third aspects is executed.
  • a computer-readable storage medium including a program or instructions.
  • the program or instructions are executed by a processor, the method described in any one of the above fourth aspects is executed.
  • a computer-readable storage medium including a program or instructions.
  • the program or instructions are executed by a processor, the method described in any one of the above fifth aspects is executed.
  • a twenty-first aspect provides a computer program product, which when the computer program product is run on a computer or a processor, causes the computer or the processor to execute the method described in any one of the above first aspects. method.
  • a twenty-second aspect provides a computer program product, which when the computer program product is run on a computer or a processor, causes the computer or the processor to execute the method described in any one of the above second aspects. method.
  • a computer program product is provided.
  • the computer program product When the computer program product is run on a computer or a processor, it causes the computer or the processor to execute the method described in any one of the above third aspects. method.
  • a twenty-fourth aspect provides a computer program product, which when the computer program product is run on a computer or a processor, causes the computer or the processor to execute the method described in any one of the above fourth aspects. method.
  • a twenty-fifth aspect a computer program product is provided.
  • the computer program product When the computer program product is run on a computer or a processor, it causes the computer or the processor to execute the method described in any one of the above fifth aspects. method.
  • a twenty-sixth aspect provides a communication system, which includes the communication device according to any one of the above-mentioned sixth and seventh aspects.
  • the communication system further includes the communication device described in any one of the eighth aspects.
  • a twenty-seventh aspect provides a communication system, which includes the communication device according to any one of the ninth and tenth aspects.
  • any method, communication device, computer-readable storage medium, computer program product or communication system provided above can be implemented by the corresponding method provided above. Therefore, what it can achieve For beneficial effects, please refer to the beneficial effects of the corresponding methods provided above and will not be described again here.
  • Figure 1 is a communication system architecture diagram provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIGS. 2 and 3 are schematic diagrams of sideline communication scenarios provided by embodiments of the present application.
  • Figure 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a communication device provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • Figures 5 to 7 are schematic flow charts of the side row synchronization method provided by embodiments of the present application.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of another communication device provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • first and second are used for descriptive purposes only and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the quantity of indicated technical features. Therefore, features defined as “first” and “second” may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of these features. In the description of this embodiment, unless otherwise specified, “plurality” means two or more.
  • the technical solutions provided by the embodiments of this application can be applied to any communication system that supports sidelink communication.
  • the communication system can be a 3rd generation partnership project (3GPP) communication system, for example, Long Term Evolution (3GPP).
  • 3GPP 3rd generation partnership project
  • LTE Long term evolution
  • 5G fifth generation
  • NR new radio
  • V2X vehicle-to-everything
  • FIG. 1 uses Figure 1 as an example to describe the communication system provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG 1 shows a schematic diagram of the implementation environment of a communication system provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • a communication system may include: at least two terminal devices, and wireless communication can be performed between the at least two terminal devices.
  • the devices are UE1 and UE2 respectively.
  • the communication system may further include at least one network device that can perform wireless communication with the terminal devices UE1 and UE2.
  • the Uu port can be used for wireless communication between the terminal device and the network device
  • the PC5 port can be used for sidelink (SL) wireless communication between the terminal device and the terminal device.
  • SL sidelink
  • wireless communication can also be referred to as “communication”
  • communication can also be described as "data transmission”, “information transmission” or “transmission”.
  • the data communication link from the terminal device to the network device is called uplink (UL), and the data communication link from the network device to the terminal device is called downlink (DL), for example , the network device can send unicast, multicast or broadcast data to at least two terminal devices UE1 and UE2 through the Uu port.
  • the communication system may also include a vehicle UE3, and the terminal device UE3 may send unicast, multicast or broadcast data to at least two terminal devices UE1 and UE2 through the PC5 port, wherein, such as the terminal device UE3 as The terminal devices UE1 and UE2 can serve as the terminal devices of the receiving end in the multicast group.
  • the network device is also called network equipment and can be any device with wireless transceiver functions.
  • devices including but not limited to: evolutionary base stations (NodeB or eNB or e-NodeB, evolutionary Node B) in the Long Term Evolution (LTE) system, base stations (gNodeB or gNB) or transceiver points ( Transmission receiving point/transmission reception point (TRP), Customer Premise Equipment (CPE), 3GPP subsequent evolution base stations, access nodes in WiFi systems, wireless relay nodes, wireless backhaul nodes, etc.
  • the base station can be: macro base station, micro base station, pico base station, small station, relay station or balloon station, etc.
  • Multiple base stations may support networks with the same technology mentioned above, or may support networks with different technologies mentioned above.
  • a base station may contain one or more co-located or non-co-located TRPs.
  • the network device may also be a wireless controller, a centralized unit (CU), and/or a distributed unit (DU) in a cloud radio access network (CRAN) scenario.
  • the following description takes the network device as a base station as an example.
  • the plurality of network devices may be base stations of the same type or different types of base stations.
  • the base station can communicate with the terminal device, or can communicate with the terminal device through the relay station.
  • the terminal device can communicate with multiple base stations of different technologies.
  • the terminal device can communicate with a base station that supports the LTE network or a base station that supports the 5G network. It can also support dual connections with the LTE network base station and the 5G network base station. .
  • a terminal device is a device or device with wireless transceiver functions that can be deployed on land, indoors or outdoors, handheld, wearable or vehicle-mounted; it can also be deployed on water (such as ships, etc.); it can also be deployed in the air (such as aircraft, balloons and satellites, etc.).
  • the terminal device can be a mobile phone (mobile phone), a tablet computer (Pad), a computer with a wireless transceiver function, a virtual reality (VR) terminal device, an augmented reality (AR) terminal device, an industrial control ( Wireless terminals in industrial control, vehicle-mounted terminal devices, wireless terminals in self-driving, wireless terminals in remote medical, wireless terminals in smart grid, transportation security Wireless terminals in safety), wireless terminals in smart cities, wireless terminals in smart homes, wearable terminal devices, terminal devices in 5G networks, future evolved public land mobile communication networks ( Terminal devices in public land mobile network (PLMN), on-board unit (OBU), on-board box (also called on-board T-Box (telematics box)), roadside unit (Road Side Unit), vehicle , intelligent driving vehicles or devices or chips that can realize the functions of the aforementioned equipment, etc.
  • PLMN public land mobile network
  • OBU on-board unit
  • T-Box Telematics box
  • roadside unit Road Side Unit
  • vehicle intelligent driving vehicles or
  • the terminal device may sometimes also be called user equipment UE, access terminal device, vehicle-mounted terminal, industrial control terminal, UE unit, UE station, mobile station, mobile station, remote station, remote terminal device, mobile equipment, UE terminal device, terminal equipment, wireless communication equipment, UE agent or UE device, etc.
  • the terminal device can also be fixed or mobile.
  • the methods and steps implemented by the UE in this application can also be implemented by components (such as chips or circuits) that can be used in the UE.
  • the aforementioned UE and components (such as chips or circuits) that can be disposed on the aforementioned UE may also be referred to as terminal devices, terminal equipment or terminals.
  • FIG. 1 is only an exemplary drawing, the number of devices included in FIG. 1 is not limited, and in addition to the devices shown in FIG. 1 , the communication architecture may also include other devices.
  • the name of each device in Figure 1 is not limited. In addition to the name shown in Figure 1, each device can also be named with other names without limitation.
  • the communication system as shown in Figure 1 may also include the Global Navigation Satellite System GNSS, which refers to the ability to provide all-weather three-dimensional coordinates, speed and time to user equipment at any location on the earth's surface or near-Earth space.
  • GNSS Global Navigation Satellite System
  • Information space-based radio navigation and positioning systems can include one or more satellite constellations and the enhanced systems needed to support specific jobs.
  • the terminal device can achieve timing synchronization through GNSS satellite signals.
  • the main process of timing synchronization is divided into the following two steps.
  • Step one initial synchronization.
  • initial synchronization means that the terminal device continuously blindly searches for synchronization signals of candidate synchronization sources, selects synchronization sources according to configured or preconfigured synchronization source priority rules, determines the target synchronization source, and obtains the synchronization signal corresponding to the target synchronization source.
  • the timing included in so that the terminal device can complete timing synchronization according to the timing.
  • the synchronization signal of the synchronization source includes obtaining timing/synchronization information from gNB/eNB, obtaining timing/synchronization information from GNSS, obtaining synchronization information from reference UE, etc.
  • the process of timing synchronization of the above-mentioned terminal device according to the timing included in the synchronization signal of the selected target synchronization source may be referred to as synchronizing the terminal device to the target synchronization source, for example,
  • the target synchronization source determined by the terminal device is GNSS, and timing synchronization is performed based on the timing in the satellite signal of GNSS, which is equivalent to synchronizing the terminal device to GNSS. This will not be repeated in the following examples.
  • candidate synchronization sources may include GNSS, base stations, and other terminal devices.
  • UE1 can obtain the synchronization signal of the GNSS and the base station
  • UE2 can also obtain the synchronization signal of the GNSS and the base station
  • UE3 can obtain the synchronization signal of the GNSS, but because UE3 is outside the signal coverage of the base station, , so the synchronization information of the base station cannot be obtained.
  • GNSS-based and base station-based gNB/eNB
  • gNB/eNB base station-based
  • Sync source For example, if the synchronization type of UE1 is based on GNSS, it means that UE1 uses GNSS as the highest priority synchronization source.
  • the synchronization type corresponding to the terminal device may be predefined or preconfigured, or may be dynamically configured by the network device, etc. As shown in Table 1 below, the two synchronization types correspond to different synchronization source priority lists.
  • Table 1 Priority list of synchronization sources based on GNSS and based on base stations respectively.
  • the priority of the synchronization sources corresponding to the order from top to bottom is from high to low.
  • the terminal device may select the synchronization source in order from high to low according to the priority of the synchronization source.
  • the synchronization type of UE1 is based on GNSS
  • the highest priority is GNSS.
  • UE1 cannot search for the synchronization signal of GNSS, it can directly select the synchronization source.
  • UE2 synchronized to GNSS serves as the synchronization source, that is, timing synchronization is performed based on the synchronization signal sent by UE2.
  • UE1 cannot search for synchronization signals of any UE that is directly or indirectly synchronized to GNSS, UE1 can use the base station as the target synchronization source and synchronize to the base station, for example, gNB or eNB.
  • UE1 can also remove synchronization sources related to the base station (including base stations, UEs that are directly or indirectly synchronized to the base station, etc.) according to predefined or preset rules or (pre)configuration, that is, only GNSS-based synchronization sources in the synchronization source list are considered.
  • synchronization sources including GNSS, UEs directly or indirectly synchronized to GNSS, etc.
  • other UEs as synchronization sources.
  • multiple synchronization sources when the terminal device determines that there are currently multiple synchronization sources with the same priority, multiple synchronization sources whose reference signal received power (RSRP) is greater than or equal to a preset threshold can be obtained from the synchronization signal. Among the sources, select the one with the highest RSRP as the target synchronization source.
  • RSRP reference signal received power
  • the synchronization type of UE2 is based on the base station
  • the UE2 selects the synchronization source according to the above-mentioned synchronization source priority
  • the highest priority is the base station.
  • UE2 currently searches for the synchronization signals of gNB-1 and gNB-2
  • the synchronization signals RSRP of gNB-1 and gNB-2 are both greater than the preset threshold.
  • the RSRP value of the synchronization signal of gNB-1 received by UE2 is higher than the RSRP value of the synchronization signal of gNB-2, then UE2 can determine gNB-1 as the target synchronization source and synchronize to gNB-1.
  • the terminal device can use its own internal clock/crystal oscillator as the Synchronization source, which obtains timing based on the internal clock or crystal oscillator.
  • the synchronization signal does not meet the requirements means that the synchronization signal does not meet the conditions used as the basis for timing synchronization. For example, the RSRP of a certain synchronization signal is less than the preset threshold, or the synchronization source corresponding to a certain synchronization signal is judged to be unreliable, such as GNSS is judged to be unreliable, etc.
  • the terminal device after the terminal device obtains the timing, it forwards the timing obtained by itself. That is to say, when the terminal device searches for a synchronization source with a higher priority and establishes timing synchronization based on the synchronization source, the terminal device will transmit the synchronization information to the sidelink synchronization signal block (S-SSB). is sent in the form of S-SSB including the timing of the terminal device. Therefore, other terminal devices can receive the S-SSB sent by the terminal device and obtain the timing carried in the S-SSB.
  • S-SSB sidelink synchronization signal block
  • S-SSB includes physical sidelink broadcast channel (PSBCH), sidelink primary synchronization signal (Sidelink Primary Synchronization Signal, S-PSS) and sidelink secondary synchronization signal (Sidelink Secondary Synchronization Signal, S- SSS).
  • PSSCH physical sidelink control channel
  • PSSCH physical sidelink shared channel
  • DRS Discovery Reference Signal
  • PSSCH and/or PSCCH can also be sent separately.
  • the terminal device After the terminal device obtains the timing, it can only maintain synchronization for a period of time, and needs to re-timing at intervals to maintain synchronization. Subsequently, the location of the S-SSB can be obtained based on the predefined or (pre)configured information. And search for the synchronization signal at the corresponding position, select or switch the synchronization source to maintain timing synchronization.
  • the position of the S-SSB may be periodic, and the terminal device may periodically search for synchronization signals. Alternatively, the S-SSB may be aperiodic. If the positions are at unequal intervals, the terminal device searches for the synchronization signal according to the corresponding position.
  • the terminal device can combine the timing obtained in the initial synchronization, based on the S-SSB cycle and other related configurations, search for the synchronization signal at a specific location according to the cycle, and follow the similar steps as in the initial synchronization. Rules determine the synchronization source.
  • the NR system also involves a variety of SL communication scenarios, such as SL communication between UEs within the coverage of the same base station, inter-station SL communication between UEs within the coverage of different base stations, and SL communication between UEs within the coverage of the base station and those outside the coverage of the base station as shown in Figure 2.
  • the UE may synchronize to GNSS, different base stations of different operators, or different base stations of the same operator, etc., then it is necessary Multiple communicating UEs may be synchronized to the above-mentioned different synchronization sources respectively, and the timing between the multiple UEs may be misaligned, which will make communication performance unable to be guaranteed.
  • PLMN-1 and PLMN-2 correspond to different operators.
  • UE1 is synchronized to GNSS
  • UE2 is synchronized to base station 1 of PLMN-1
  • UE3 is synchronized to base station 2 of PLMN-1
  • UE4 Synchronized to the base station 3 of PLMN-2, there is a deviation in the timing between the GNSS and the base station, there may be a deviation in the timing between the base station 1 and the base station 2, and there is a deviation in the timing between the base station 1/base station 2 and the base station 3.
  • the UE that needs to obtain timing will prioritize synchronization to other sources that can be used as synchronization reference.
  • Source UE the UE that needs to obtain timing.
  • some synchronization clusters composed of multiple UEs will naturally be formed. For example, usually the RSRP corresponding to a UE that is closer is larger, so the UE may synchronize to the UE that is closer first, and UEs that are farther away will form different synchronization clusters.
  • the timing between different synchronization clusters may be misaligned.
  • certain timing deviations may also occur between UEs in the synchronization cluster. If the movement of the UE location is taken into account, the synchronization clusters formed will also change dynamically. When UEs that need to communicate belong to different synchronization clusters, timing deviations will occur and communication performance cannot be guaranteed.
  • embodiments of the present application provide a group-based sideline synchronization method.
  • grouping multiple terminal devices that need to perform sideline transmission and determining the target synchronization source according to the grouping situation for timing synchronization, it is possible to achieve as much as possible
  • the timing alignment of both sides of SL communication improves the communication performance of sideline transmission.
  • the embodiments of the present application can be applied to scenarios where the terminal device uses licensed spectrum for side-link transmission, and is also applicable to scenarios where the terminal device uses unlicensed spectrum for side-link transmission.
  • the terminal device needs to perform channel access before sending sidelink data, that is, through the listen before talk (LBT) mechanism to confirm the available spectrum resources. For example, the terminal device can determine whether a certain channel is idle through channel detection. If the LBT is successful, it is confirmed that the channel is idle, and then it can access the channel and perform transmission.
  • Unlicensed spectrum can also be called shared spectrum, unlicensed spectrum, unlicensed spectrum, etc., and is not limited here.
  • a terminal device or a network device may include a hardware layer, an operating system layer running on the hardware layer, and an application layer running on the operating system layer.
  • This hardware layer includes central processing unit (CPU), memory management unit (MMU) and memory (also called main memory) and other hardware.
  • the operating system can be any one or more computer operating systems that implement business processing through processes, such as Linux operating system, Unix operating system, Android operating system, iOS operating system or windows operating system, etc.
  • This application layer includes applications such as browsers, address books, word processing software, and instant messaging software.
  • the embodiments of the present application do not specifically limit the specific structure of the execution subject of the method provided by the embodiment of the present application, as long as the program that records the code of the method provided by the embodiment of the present application can be run to provide according to the embodiment of the present application.
  • the execution subject of the method provided by the embodiment of the present application can be a terminal device or a network device, or a functional module in the terminal device or network device that can call a program and execute the program.
  • each network element shown in Figure 1 such as a terminal device and a network device, may adopt the composition structure shown in Figure 4 or include the components shown in Figure 4.
  • Figure 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a communication device 400 provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the communication device 400 may be a terminal device or a chip in the terminal device. Or a system on a chip.
  • the communication device 400 may be a network device or a chip or a system-on-chip in the network device.
  • the communication device 400 may include a processor 401 , a communication line 402 and a communication interface 403 . Further, the communication device 400 may also include a memory 404. Among them, the processor 401, the memory 404 and the communication interface 403 can be connected through a communication line 402.
  • the processor 401 can be a central processing unit (Central Processing Unit, CPU), a general-purpose processor, a network processor (Network Processor, NP), a digital signal processor (Digital Signal Processing, DSP), a microprocessor, or a microcontroller. , programmable logic devices, or any combination thereof.
  • the processor 401 may also be other devices with processing functions, such as circuits, devices or software modules.
  • the communication line 402 is used to transmit information between various components included in the communication device 400 .
  • Communication interface 403 is used to communicate with other devices or other communication networks.
  • the other communication network may be Ethernet, Radio Access Network (RAN), Wireless Local Area Networks (WLAN), etc.
  • the communication interface 403 may be an interface circuit, a pin, a radio frequency module, a transceiver, or any device capable of realizing communication.
  • Memory 404 used to store instructions. Wherein, the instructions may be computer programs.
  • the memory 404 can be a read-only memory (Read-only Memory, ROM) or other types of static storage devices that can store static information and/or instructions, or it can be a random access memory (Random Access Memory, RAM) or other types of static storage devices that can store static information and/or instructions.
  • ROM read-only memory
  • RAM Random Access Memory
  • Other types of dynamic storage devices that store information and/or instructions can also be electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), read-only disk (Compact Cisc read-only memory, CD- ROM) or other optical disk storage, optical disc storage, magnetic disk storage media or other magnetic storage devices.
  • Optical disc storage includes compressed optical discs, laser discs, optical discs, digital versatile discs, or Blu-ray discs, etc.
  • the memory 404 may exist independently of the processor 401, or may be integrated with the processor 401.
  • the memory 404 can be used to store instructions or program codes or some data.
  • the memory 404 may be located within the communication device 400 or outside the communication device 400, without limitation.
  • the processor 401 is configured to execute instructions stored in the memory 404 to implement the methods provided in the following embodiments of the application.
  • the processor 401 may include one or more CPUs, such as CPU0 and CPU in FIG. 4 CPU1.
  • the communication device 400 includes multiple processors.
  • the processor 401 in FIG. 4 it may also include a processor 407.
  • the communication device 400 also includes an output device 405 and an input device 406.
  • the input device 406 is a device such as a keyboard, a mouse, a microphone, or a joystick
  • the output device 405 is a device such as a display screen, a speaker, or the like.
  • the communication device 400 may be a wearable device, a desktop computer, a portable computer, a network server, a mobile phone, a tablet computer, a wireless terminal, an embedded device, a chip system, or a device with a similar structure as shown in FIG. 4 .
  • the composition structure shown in Figure 4 does not constitute a limitation of the communication device.
  • the communication device may include more or less components than shown in the figure, or combine certain components. , or a different component arrangement.
  • the chip system may be composed of chips, or may include chips and other discrete devices.
  • the above-mentioned device 400 can be a chip system, which can be as shown in Figure 4, and can include at least one or more processors and transceiver circuits, and the program instructions related to the method described in the embodiments of the present application are in one or more processors. Executed in multiple processors, so that the chip system implements the method of the present application.
  • actions, terms, etc. involved in various embodiments of this application can be referred to each other and are not limited.
  • the name of the message or the name of the parameters in the message for interaction between various devices is just an example, and other names may also be used in specific implementation without limitation.
  • the embodiment of the present application provides a packet-based sidelink synchronization method, which is suitable for the scenario where a terminal device without a base station or GNSS performs sidelink transmission as shown in Figure 2. As shown in Figure 5, this method is based on the need for sidelink transmission.
  • the terminal devices for side-line communication are grouped, and then the terminal devices can determine the synchronization source according to the grouping information during timing synchronization, thereby aligning the timing of both sides of side-line communication and improving the communication performance of side-line transmission.
  • packet-based sidelink synchronization method provided by this application is also applicable to scenarios where base stations and/or terminal devices with GNSS perform sidelink transmission, which will be fully described later in conjunction with Figure 6 .
  • the first terminal device UE1 is used as an example to describe an implementation scenario in which a terminal device without a base station and without GNSS determines the synchronization source based on grouping.
  • UE1 may receive a synchronization signal from at least one UE, and determine a synchronization source therefrom to perform timing synchronization.
  • UE1 may determine the second terminal device UE2 from at least one UE as the synchronization source.
  • the method may include the following steps.
  • S501 UE1 receives S-SSB of at least one terminal device.
  • the S-SSB indicates the grouping information of the terminal device that sends the S-SSB, and the synchronization information of the terminal device.
  • the grouping information is grouping information used by the terminal device to obtain timing, and the synchronization information includes the timing of the terminal device.
  • UE1 receives at least one S-SSB of at least one terminal device, and each S-SSB may indicate Group information and synchronization information corresponding to the terminal device.
  • UE1 receives S-SSB-1 from UE2 and S-SSB-2 from UE3.
  • the S-SSB-1 may include the grouping information of UE2 and the synchronization information of UE2.
  • the S-SSB-2 may include grouping information of UE3 and synchronization information of UE3, etc.
  • the grouping information may be carried in S-SSB, for example, in reserved bits of S-SSB.
  • the grouping information may also be carried on the PSSCH or PSCCH that is sent together with the S-SSB or independently, for example, in the reserved bits of the PSSCH or PSCCH.
  • the packet information can also be carried on a physical sidelink broadcast channel (PSBCH), such as in a sidelink main system module (master information block (MIB)) or cyclic redundancy check (cyclic redundancy check (CRC) scrambling; or the grouping information can also be carried in the sidelink synchronization signal (SLSS), for example, using different SLSS IDs to distinguish different groups. That is to say, UE1 can determine the grouping information of other UEs, such as UE2, by receiving PSBCH or SLSS, and then obtain the synchronization information of UE2 by receiving the S-SSB of other UEs, such as UE2.
  • PSBCH physical sidelink broadcast channel
  • MIB master information block
  • CRC cyclic redundancy check
  • SLSS sidelink synchronization signal
  • sidelink synchronization signal in this application can also be a sidelink synchronization sequence (sidelink synchronization sequence). This will not be repeated below.
  • the group information in this embodiment of the present application includes one or more group identifiers, for example, the group identifier is one or more group IDs.
  • the group identifier may be a combination of source ID + destination ID.
  • source ID and destination ID are concepts based on services or links, and refer to the source ID and destination ID of services or links.
  • the source ID and/or destination ID do not specifically refer to a certain sending and/or receiving UE.
  • the source ID and destination ID are respectively related to the service or synchronized sending and receiving UEs. . UEs with the same grouping information can be regarded as belonging to the same group.
  • Grouping information can be predefined or (pre)configured. For example, for terminal devices used in certain industrial scenarios, corresponding grouping information can be assigned to the terminal device through factory settings, or grouping information can be configured for the terminal device through configuration information. For example, it can be configured through RRC or PC5RRC or MAC-CE.
  • the grouping information may be determined by the physical layer, higher layer or application layer of the terminal device. For example, when the terminal device runs a certain application program, the application layer of the terminal device automatically generates grouping information based on the service.
  • the grouping information may also be dynamically configured by the network device or other terminal devices.
  • the UE may obtain the grouping information corresponding to the UE according to the instruction information received from the network device.
  • UEs performing sideline communication may indicate the grouping information of the other party's UE through indication information.
  • the terminal device determines the grouping information according to the configuration information; when there is no configuration information, the terminal device determines the grouping information according to the predefined grouping information.
  • the grouping information of the terminal device may be determined by the network device based on at least one of the geographical location, service type, service requirement or data transmission type of the terminal device.
  • different terminal devices can be grouped based on different geographical locations to distinguish different grouping information. That is to say, the same group may include multiple terminal devices located in adjacent or close geographical locations, and the multiple terminal devices in the same group may include unicast services or multicast services.
  • the terminal devices can be grouped based on different service types. For example, terminal devices with call service are divided into one group, terminal devices with video playback service are divided into another group, etc., then each group corresponds to A unicast service or corresponds to a multicast service.
  • the terminal device divides the groups into groups, determines the group information, and configures the group information.
  • UE1 determines a synchronization source based on the grouping information of UE1 and the grouping information of at least one terminal device.
  • UE1 can determine the synchronization source for timing synchronization based on the grouping information of UE1 and the grouping information of at least one terminal device indicated in at least one S-SSB received in step S501.
  • UE1 can select other terminal devices as the synchronization source, provided that UE1 can search for them. Synchronization signal/S-SSB of other terminal devices.
  • the synchronization source determined by UE1 is the same as the grouping information of UE1.
  • UE1 can determine the terminal device belonging to the same group as UE1 as the synchronization source to perform timing synchronization. That is, when UE1 determines the synchronization source, it can use other UEs in the same group as synchronization sources with higher priority. If there are no UEs in the same group, it can select and determine the synchronization source from UEs in different groups.
  • the group identification of UE1 is ID1
  • the grouping information indicated in the S-SSB received by UE1 from UE2 is ID1
  • the grouping information indicated in the S-SSB received by UE1 from UE3 is ID3. Then UE1 can determine based on the received S-SSB that the grouping information of UE2 is the same as the local grouping information of UE1, and UE1 can determine UE2 as the synchronization source.
  • the reference signal received power RSRP corresponding to the synchronization source determined by the terminal device is higher than a preset threshold. For example, if UE1 determines that the grouping information corresponding to UE2 and UE3 is the same as that of UE1, but the RSRP of the synchronization signal of UE2 is higher than the preset threshold and the RSRP of the synchronization signal of UE3 is lower than the preset threshold, then UE1 can determine that UE2 as the synchronization source.
  • the synchronization source determined by UE1 may be the one with the highest reference signal reception power among at least one terminal device that has the same group information as UE1. That is to say, if the terminal device has more than one synchronization source that satisfies the above two conditions of having the same group information and having RSRP higher than the preset threshold, the terminal device can select the UE with the highest RSRP as the synchronization source.
  • the central node in the same group can be used as a synchronization source with a higher priority.
  • the central node is also called a head node, a head UE (header UE, hUE), a central UE or a main UE, etc.
  • the central node refers to a UE that plays a leading role in at least one aspect of timing synchronization, signal transmission, or scheduling management.
  • the central node is used to serve as the main synchronization source in synchronization groups, and/or, to maintain inter-group synchronization or global synchronization.
  • the "node” in this application may be called a "node", such as a central node or a non-central node.
  • a non-central node is also called a member node, member UE (member UE, mUE), non-central UE, group member UE or subordinate UE, etc. It refers to a subordinate role in at least one aspect of timing synchronization, signal transmission or scheduling management.
  • the non-central node is used to receive the hUE's synchronization signal in the synchronization packet to obtain timing, and forward the timing information.
  • the distinction between central nodes or non-central nodes may be predefined or preconfigured, or determined based on the device type.
  • the host in a VR game or AR game terminal can be a central node, and other devices other than the host can be non-central nodes.
  • the central node or the non-central node can also be dynamically configured, for example, through specific indication information sent by the network device or other terminal devices, indicating that a certain terminal device is a central node or a non-central node.
  • UE1 receives the first indication information, and the first indication information is Instructing UE2 to be the central node for sidelink transmission between UE1 and UE2.
  • the first terminal device to be powered on or the first to send sidelink data can be determined as the central node, and then the central node can send the first indication information to the non-central node.
  • the first indication information may be carried in S-SSB or other signaling.
  • the grouping information of the terminal device may also be determined by the central node, or determined by negotiation between the central node and the non-central node.
  • the central node UE1 may carry the determined group identity ID1 in the notification message and send it to UE2 and UE3 to indicate that the group identities of UE2 and UE3 are both ID1.
  • the group identity ID1 determined by UE1 may be an identity associated with UE1 itself.
  • the group identity ID1 is an identity associated with the device ID of UE1 or the like.
  • UE1 determines a synchronization source based on the grouping information of UE1 and at least one terminal device.
  • the synchronization source determined by UE1 is: a central node among multiple UEs that has the same grouping information as UE1.
  • the synchronization source determined by UEl may be the at least one UE. central node.
  • step S501 when in step S501, the grouping information indicated in the S-SSB of at least one terminal device received by UE1 is different from the grouping information of UE1, then UE1 can select a central node of a non-same group from at least one terminal device as the central node.
  • Sync source when in step S501, the grouping information indicated in the S-SSB of at least one terminal device received by UE1 is different from the grouping information of UE1, then UE1 can select a central node of a non-same group from at least one terminal device as the central node.
  • the group identifier of UE1 is ID1, and UE1 determines that neither UE2 nor UE3 is in the same group as UE1 based on the received S-SSBs of UE2 and UE3.
  • the group identifier of UE2 is ID2
  • the group identifier of UE3 is also ID2, but UE2 is the central node, so UE1 can determine UE2 as the synchronization source.
  • UE1 may determine to send the group identification ID based on the S-SSB and/or the group identification ID carried in the PSCCH and/or PSSCH sent together with the S-SSB and the group identification ID of UE1. Whether the synchronization source of the synchronization signal belongs to the same group as itself. Thus, the synchronization source is further determined according to the above rules.
  • UE1 may determine whether the synchronization source sending the synchronization signal is based on the S-SSB and/or the first indication information carried in the PSCCH or/PSSCH sent together with the S-SSB. is the central node hUE.
  • the synchronization source is further determined according to the above rules.
  • the group identification ID and/or the first indication information may be carried in the PSSCH, for example, in data, or in the second-level SCI ( 2nd stage SCI) in the PSSCH.
  • S503 UE1 obtains timing according to the synchronization information of the synchronization source.
  • UE1 After determining the synchronization source, UE1 can obtain timing according to the received S-SSB corresponding to the synchronization source, complete timing synchronization, or timing update.
  • the terminal device can select other terminal devices as the synchronization source through the group information, wherein the terminal device in the same group as the terminal device can be prioritized.
  • the terminal device in the same group as the terminal device can be prioritized.
  • a synchronization source or select a central node in the same group as the terminal device as a synchronization source, thereby ensuring timing synchronization between multiple terminal devices performing side-line communication as much as possible and improving side-line transmission efficiency.
  • UE1 may determine UE2 as the target synchronization source. Before the aforementioned step S501, the method further includes: UE2 generates S-SSB and sends the S-SSB.
  • the UE can be known that after completing the initial synchronization, the UE can The timing information is forwarded, for example, UE2 generates S-SSB, and carries the synchronization information in the S-SSB and forwards it, for example, to UE1, where the synchronization information includes the timing of UE2.
  • the S-SSB sent by UE2 may also indicate the grouping information of UE2, where the grouping information is the grouping information used by UE2 to obtain timing. Or, if UE2 does not have pre-configured grouping information and cannot obtain its own grouping information, this field can be temporarily defaulted.
  • UE2 can also allocate grouping information to UE1. For example, UE2 sends grouping information to UE1, and the grouping information is used to instruct UE1 to obtain timing grouping information, or the grouping information indicates that UE1 and UE2 are in the same group or in different groups.
  • a terminal device with a base station and/or a GNSS determines a synchronization source based on a group.
  • UE1 can receive the synchronization signal of at least one UE.
  • the packet-based sidelink synchronization method provided in this application is also applicable to scenarios where there are base stations and/or terminal devices with GNSS for sidelink transmission. This will be fully discussed later in conjunction with Figure 6 describe.
  • S601 UE1 determines the target synchronization source from one or more synchronization sources according to the grouping information and the priority of the synchronization sources from high to low.
  • the synchronization source of UE1 may include GNSS, one or more base stations, UEs directly synchronized to GNSS/base stations, UEs indirectly synchronized to GNSS/base stations, and other UEs.
  • GNSS Global System for Mobile Communications
  • base stations UEs directly synchronized to GNSS/base stations
  • UEs indirectly synchronized to GNSS/base stations and other UEs.
  • Table 2 the order of synchronization source priority from high to low can be seen in Table 2 below.
  • UE1 can select the synchronization source priority whose RSRP is higher than the preset threshold from at least one synchronization source that UE1 can search for a synchronization signal according to the synchronization source priority list shown in Table 2 above. The highest one serves as the target sync source.
  • Table 3 List of synchronization sources corresponding to GNSS-based and base station-based
  • the determination of the target synchronization source based on the grouping information and the priority of the synchronization source from high to low may refer to the selection order in the process of the terminal device determining the target synchronization source. For example, the terminal device determines whether there is a synchronization signal corresponding to the synchronization source with the highest priority in order in the synchronization source priority list, starting from the highest priority, and if so, determines the target synchronization source based on the rules. If not, then it is determined Is there a synchronization source with the next priority, and so on.
  • the corresponding priority (such as priority value) may be configured for each synchronization source, or the corresponding priority (or priority value) may not be configured for each of the above synchronization sources.
  • the terminal device can select in order from top to bottom according to the synchronization source priority list illustrated in the embodiment of this application to determine the target synchronization source.
  • UE1 first determines whether it can obtain the synchronization signal of GNSS. If it can obtain the synchronization signal of GNSS, the determined target synchronization source is GNSS; otherwise, determine whether it can obtain the base station. If the synchronization signal of the base station can be obtained, the determined target synchronization source is the base station; otherwise, it is determined whether the synchronization signal of the same group of UEs can be obtained. If the synchronization signal of the same group of UEs can be obtained, the UE is determined to be Target synchronization source..., and so on.
  • S602 UE1 obtains timing according to the synchronization information of the target synchronization source.
  • multiple terminal devices can obtain timing through the above method of determining the target synchronization source.
  • the terminal devices in the same group are prioritized for timing synchronization according to the grouping information, thereby ensuring that the required The timing of terminal devices for side-line communication should be synchronized as much as possible to improve the efficiency of side-line communication.
  • the embodiments of this application only show the relationship between possible synchronization source divisions and priority levels, and illustrate several possible synchronization source priority lists.
  • the priority relationship of the synchronization sources can be referred to the priority list shown in the embodiment of the present application, but there are no specific limitations on the number, sequence number or priority value of the synchronization sources.
  • the synchronization source priority list may only include some of the synchronization sources in the synchronization source priority list of this application, but not other synchronization sources. This will not be repeated in the description below.
  • the synchronization source priority list may also include a priority value corresponding to each synchronization source, which is used to determine the priority of the synchronization source based on the priority value, thereby selecting the target synchronization source. For example, a larger priority value corresponds to a lower priority, and a smaller priority value corresponds to a higher priority. For example, a priority value P of 0 indicates the synchronization source corresponding to the highest priority. Alternatively, a smaller priority value corresponds to a lower priority, and a larger priority value corresponds to a higher priority. This application does not limit the corresponding relationship between the priority value and the priority level.
  • the terminal devices transmitting in the side line perform timing synchronization according to the above-mentioned synchronization source priority, for example, the synchronization signal RSRP of the GNSS or the base station may change frequently, and the terminal device performs periodic or When aperiodic synchronization search/maintain synchronization, it may be necessary to frequently switch the target synchronization source. For example, when the GNSS-based terminal device is outdoors and the RSRP of the GNSS is found to be higher than the preset threshold, synchronization will be selected according to the priority order.
  • the terminal device moves indoors and the RSRP of the GNSS is found to be lower than the preset threshold, it is selected to synchronize to other terminal devices according to the priority order.
  • another part of the terminal devices performing side-link communication with the terminal device is still synchronized to GNSS, and there is a timing deviation between GNSS and other terminal devices. Therefore, the timing of the terminal device and other side-link communication terminal devices are not aligned.
  • timing synchronization can be achieved in the following two ways.
  • Table 4 Priority list of synchronization sources based on GNSS and based on base stations respectively.
  • Table 4 can be simplified by referring to the aforementioned Table 2. In addition, if the timing deviation between the terminal devices directly synchronized to the central node and indirectly synchronized to the central node is not considered, Table 4 can also be simplified to Table 5.
  • UE1 determines the target synchronization source, it gives priority to UEs with the same group information.
  • the priority of the central node as a synchronization source is higher than that of non-central nodes.
  • the priority of the central node as a synchronization source is higher than that of non-central nodes synchronized to the central node.
  • Non-central nodes synchronized to the central node The priority of the central node as a synchronization source is higher than that of other non-central nodes.
  • UE2 is the central node hUE
  • UE3 and UE4 are both non-central nodes mUE, where UE3 is synchronized to UE2, Then the priority order of these three UEs as synchronization sources is: UE2>UE3>UE4.
  • the priority of any UE in different groups is lower than that of UEs in the same group.
  • the priority of the central node in the same group as the synchronization source is higher than the priority of the central node in different groups.
  • the priority of the central node as the synchronization source is higher than the priority of the non-central nodes
  • the priority of the central node as the synchronization source is higher than the priority of the non-central nodes synchronized to the central node.
  • the priority of non-central nodes synchronized to the central node is higher than the priority of other non-central nodes.
  • Method 2 The central node and the non-central node can select and determine the target synchronization source based on different synchronization source priorities from high to low.
  • the central node can determine the target synchronization source according to the synchronization source priority shown in Table 6 below, and the non-central node can determine the target synchronization source according to the synchronization source priority shown in Table 7 below.
  • the central node can synchronize to the central node of other groups first, so that different groups Multiple central nodes hUE will achieve timing synchronization.
  • non-central nodes may not consider synchronization sources based on GNSS/base stations, but preferentially synchronize to central nodes in the same group.
  • the non-central nodes in each group are synchronized to the central node of the group, and the central nodes of multiple different groups are synchronized with each other, thereby achieving global synchronization as much as possible.
  • the one with the highest RSRP is selected as the target synchronization source.
  • the synchronization source related to the base station can be predefined, or preset rules, or (pre) configured.
  • UEs to the base station, etc. are removed, that is, only GNSS-based synchronization sources (including GNSS, UEs directly or indirectly synchronized to GNSS, etc.) and other UEs are considered as synchronization sources in the synchronization source list.
  • the terminal device when the terminal device cannot search for a synchronization source related to the base station within the first period of time (including the base station, a UE directly or indirectly synchronized to the base station, etc.), the synchronization source related to the base station will be used. (Including base stations, UEs directly or indirectly synchronized to the base station, etc.) Remove or set to disable.
  • the first duration may be predefined or (pre)configured.
  • the synchronization type of the terminal device is based on the base station, and the synchronization source related to the GNSS (including GNSS, UEs directly or indirectly synchronized to the GNSS, etc.) can be predefined, or preset rules, or (pre)configured. ) is removed, that is, only the synchronization sources based on the base station in the synchronization source list (including the base station, UEs directly or indirectly synchronized to the base station, etc.) and other UEs are considered as synchronization sources.
  • the synchronization source related to the GNSS can be predefined, or preset rules, or (pre)configured.
  • the terminal device when the terminal device cannot search for a synchronization source related to the GNSS (including GNSS, UEs directly or indirectly synchronized to the GNSS, etc.) within the second period of time, the synchronization source related to the GNSS will be used. (Including GNSS, UEs synchronized directly or indirectly to GNSS, etc.) Remove or set to disable.
  • the second duration can be predefined or (pre)configured.
  • synchronization sources based on GNSS and base stations can be removed and other synchronization sources can be considered, such as Interior scenes.
  • the terminal device can ignore synchronization sources related to GNSS and base stations according to predefined, preset rules, or (pre)configuration, thereby reducing the number of blind detections of the terminal device and saving energy consumption in searching for synchronization signals.
  • synchronization sources related to GNSS can be based on predefined or (pre)configuration or based on conditions or based on preset rules or based on scenarios, and/ Or the synchronization source related to the base station (including the base station, UEs directly or indirectly synchronized to the base station, etc.), and/or other reference UEs other than the same group of UEs, are removed or set to disable. That is, only UEs synchronized to the same group (when there is no central node) are considered, or only hUEs and/or mUEs synchronized to the same group are considered (when there is a central node).
  • Embodiments of the present application also provide a sideline synchronization method, which uses specific instruction information to instruct the terminal device to determine a suitable synchronization source for timing synchronization. As shown in Figure 7, the method includes the following steps.
  • S701 UE2 generates S-SSB, which includes synchronization information and second indication information.
  • the S-SSB indicates the synchronization information of UE2, where the synchronization information may include the timing of UE2.
  • S-SSB also includes one or more of the following second indication information, where the second indication information can be used as reference information for selecting a synchronization source when UE1 performs timing synchronization.
  • the second indication information may indicate the identification information of the PLMN corresponding to the synchronization source of UE2, or may indicate that UE2 synchronizes to GNSS.
  • the second indication information may indicate PLMN or GNSS through 2 or 3 bits, 00 indicates GNSS, 01 indicates the first PLMN, 10 indicates the second PLMN, and 11 indicates the third PLMN.
  • synchronizing UE2 to GNSS means that UE2 is directly synchronized to GNSS, and/or indirectly synchronized to GNSS, that is, the synchronization source of UE2 is GNSS and/or the synchronization source is a UE synchronized to GNSS.
  • the second indication information may indicate whether the timing of multiple base stations corresponding to the PLMN of UE2 is synchronized.
  • the second indication information may be indicated by 1 bit Syncflag.
  • a Syncflag value of 1 indicates that the multiple base stations corresponding to the PLMN are synchronized, and a Syncflag value of 0 indicates that the multiple base stations corresponding to the PLMN are not synchronized.
  • the second indication information may indicate the identification information of the base station corresponding to UE2, or the identification information of the cell corresponding to UE2.
  • the second indication information may also be carried on PSSCH (such as data field, or second-level SCI) and/or PSCCH.
  • S702 UE2 sends S-SSB.
  • UE1 receives the S-SSB from UE2 and obtains the second indication information carried in the S-SSB.
  • S703 UE1 determines the synchronization source according to S-SSB.
  • UE1 determines that UE2 is synchronized to GNSS according to the second indication information in the S-SSB, then UE1 can determine that the synchronization source is GNSS or UE2.
  • UE1 can select the same synchronization source GNSS as UE2 according to the synchronization source of UE2, or use UE2 as the synchronization source for timing synchronization.
  • the Syncflag indication and the identification information of the base station may not be included, that is, there is no need to indicate whether the multiple base stations corresponding to the PLMN are synchronized and PCID, or the second indication information Syncflag and/or identification information of the base station may be included, but UE1 does not need to parse this information.
  • the second indication information also includes indicating that multiple base stations corresponding to the PLMN of UE2 are timing synchronized
  • UE1 may determine that the synchronization source is: the base station corresponding to UE2, or UE2, Or, any base station corresponding to the PLMN, or the base station with the strongest signal strength among the multiple base stations corresponding to the PLMN.
  • UE2 indicates to UE1 that the timing source of UE2 is a PLMN, and the multiple base stations corresponding to the PLMN are all timing synchronized.
  • UE1 can not only synchronize to UE2, or UE2 can synchronize base station (if the second indication information also includes the base station/cell identification information corresponding to UE2), it can also be synchronized to any one of the multiple base stations corresponding to the PLMN, thereby ensuring the timing alignment of UE1 and UE2.
  • the second indication information is used to indicate that the identification information of the base station/cell corresponding to UE2 can be omitted, so that UE1 can directly synchronize to any one of the multiple base stations corresponding to the PLMN, or synchronize to multiple base stations corresponding to the PLMN.
  • the second indication information includes that multiple base stations corresponding to the PLMN are timing synchronized, the second indication information does not need to include the PCID, or the second indication information includes the PCID, but UE1 may not parse this information.
  • UE1 may determine that the synchronization source is: the base station corresponding to UE2 or UE2.
  • UE2 indicates to UE1 that the timing source of UE2 is a PLMN, and the multiple base stations corresponding to the PLMN are not timing synchronized.
  • UE1 can synchronize to UE2, or the base station that UE2 synchronizes with.
  • the second indication information also includes base station/cell identification information corresponding to UE2).
  • the synchronization source determined by UE1 may be: the first base station or UE2.
  • the receiving UE1 is not synchronized by default, and the UE1 is directly synchronized to UE2 or the first base station with which UE2 is synchronized.
  • the above-mentioned UE2 may be a central node for sideline transmission between UE1 and UE2. That is to say, UE1 may preferentially refer to the second indication information corresponding to the central node in the same group, thereby synchronizing the central node according to the synchronization of the central node.
  • the source selects an appropriate synchronization source for timing synchronization to try to keep synchronization with the timing of the central node and improve the communication efficiency of side-link transmission.
  • S704 UE1 obtains timing according to the synchronization information of the synchronization source.
  • UE1 may also send third indication information to UE2 to indicate the synchronization source determined by UE1.
  • UE1 can indicate to UE2 by sending signaling whether the base station or GNSS is used as the synchronization source, or UE2 is used as the synchronization source.
  • UE1 passes a specific 1 ratio Special bit indicates whether to synchronize to the UE2, or indicates synchronization to the UE2 or other synchronization sources (such as base stations, satellites, etc.).
  • UE2 can save signaling for sending synchronization signals, such as reducing the frequency of sending synchronization signals, or not sending synchronization signals, thereby saving power consumption.
  • the above embodiments add specific instructions regarding synchronization between terminal devices, so that terminal devices that require timing synchronization can determine their own synchronization source based on the synchronization sources of other terminal devices that have already been timing synchronized, so as to choose the synchronization source with other terminal devices as much as possible.
  • the device especially the synchronization source for timing alignment of the central node, improves the communication efficiency of sideline transmission.
  • the time-frequency resource configuration of S-SSB can be based on system-level time-frequency resources for S-SSB transmission, that is, all time-frequency resources in the resource pool are used for multiple different groups. terminal devices; or it can be time-frequency resources configured based on a resource pool for S-SSB transmission; or it can be time-frequency resources configured based on different groups, that is, allocated to multiple terminals in the same group Specific time-frequency resources are used for S-SSB transmission.
  • each set of time-frequency resources in the two or three sets of synchronization resources is predefined or (pre)configured to include multiple synchronization resource sets.
  • At least one synchronization resource can be determined from multiple synchronization resource sets included in the set of synchronization resources according to predefined or (pre)configuration or preset rules. resource set, and send S-SSB on the synchronization resources included in the selected synchronization resource set.
  • determining S-SSB resources according to predefined rules may specifically include determining S-SSB resources according to grouping information combined with a preset operation method. For example, three sets of time-frequency resources are preconfigured, including first time-frequency resources, second time-frequency resources, and third time-frequency resources. After UE1 completes the initial synchronization, it can determine the corresponding S-SSB resource as the first time-frequency resource according to the predefined rules and the grouping information of UE1, and then UE1 can send S-SSB-1 through the first time-frequency resource.
  • the terminal device can, according to the synchronization source priority order shown in Figure 6,
  • the target synchronization source is determined based on the indication of the second indication information in the embodiment of FIG. 7 , which is not specifically limited in this application.
  • the grouping status of the terminal devices can be updated in real time, that is to say, the grouping information of the terminal devices can be updated, thereby ensuring that multiple terminal devices with communication needs are in the same group.
  • the terminal device that updates the group information can perform synchronization search again to complete timing synchronization.
  • a group includes multiple UEs.
  • the original UEs in the group can maintain synchronization normally, and the new UE joining the group can re-perform synchronization search.
  • the implementation manner determines the synchronization source and obtains timing, thereby achieving timing synchronization with other UEs in the newly added group.
  • the non-central node mUE can be synchronized to the central node hUE in the same group.
  • the central node hUE-1 can synchronize to the central node hUE-2 of other groups.
  • the central node hUE-1 may be synchronized to the central node hUE-2 of other groups according to predefined rules.
  • the predefined rule may be that a hUE with a larger group identity synchronizes to a hUE with a smaller group identity, or a hUE with a smaller group identity synchronizes to a hUE with a larger group identity, or a sending UE with communication needs
  • the hUE in the group where the receiving UE is located is synchronized to the hUE in the group where the receiving UE is located, or the hUE in the group where the receiving UE is located is synchronized to the hUE in the group where the sending UE is located, and other rules.
  • rules for selecting synchronization sources can also be predefined, such as based on the identifier size of the sideline synchronization signal SLSS or based on the packet identifier size. Determine the synchronization source.
  • the terminal device may preferentially select the UE with the smallest SLSS ID as the synchronization source, or may preferentially select the UE with the smallest group identification ID as the synchronization source.
  • the terminal device may preferentially select the hUE with the smallest SLSS ID as the synchronization source, or may preferentially select the hUE with the smallest group ID as the synchronization source.
  • the communication device 800 may include a processing module 801 and a transceiver module 802 .
  • the transceiver module 802 may be configured to receive the sideline synchronization signal block S-SSB of at least one terminal device, where the S-SSB indicates the grouping information of the terminal device and the synchronization information of the terminal device.
  • the grouping information is grouping information used by the terminal device to obtain timing
  • the synchronization information includes the timing of the terminal device.
  • the processing module 801 is configured to determine a synchronization source from the at least one terminal device according to the grouping information of the communication device 800 and the grouping information of the at least one terminal device.
  • the processing module 801 is also configured to obtain timing according to the synchronization information of the synchronization source.
  • the synchronization source is the same as the group information of the communication device 800 .
  • the reference signal reception power of the synchronization source is higher than a preset threshold, and the synchronization source is the one with the highest reference signal reception power among at least one terminal device that has the same group information as the communication device 800 .
  • the grouping information is determined based on at least one of the geographical location, service type, service requirement or data transmission type of the communication device 800 .
  • the grouping information includes one or more grouping identification information.
  • the grouping information of the communication device 800 is preconfigured; or is obtained based on receiving instruction information from a network device or other terminal devices.
  • the synchronization source is a central node among multiple terminal devices that have the same grouping information as the communication device 800 .
  • the synchronization source is a central node in the at least one terminal device.
  • the transceiver module 802 is also configured to receive first indication information, where the first indication information is used to indicate that the second terminal device is a central node or a non-central node.
  • the first indication information is carried in the S-SSB.
  • An embodiment of the present application also provides a communication device for performing the steps performed by the second terminal device UE2 in the method shown in FIG. 5 or FIG. 6 .
  • the communication device 800 may include a processing module 801 and a transceiver module 802 .
  • the processing module 801 is used to generate a sideline synchronization signal block S-SSB, where the S-SSB indicates grouping information and synchronization information of the communication device 800 , where the grouping information is used by the communication device 800 to obtain timing.
  • Grouping information, the synchronization information includes the timing of the communication device 800 .
  • the transceiver module 802 is used to send the S-SSB to the first terminal device.
  • the transceiver module 802 is also configured to send grouping information to the first terminal device, where the grouping information is used to instruct the first terminal device to obtain timing grouping information, or the grouping information
  • the information indicates that the first terminal device and the communication device 800 are in the same group or in different groups.
  • the transceiver module 802 is further configured to send first indication information to the first terminal device, where the first indication information is used to indicate that the communication device 800 is a central node or a non-central node.
  • the grouping information or the first indication information is carried in the S-SSB.
  • the grouping information includes one or more grouping identification information.
  • the grouping information of the communication device 800 is preconfigured; or is obtained based on receiving instruction information from a network device or other terminal devices.
  • An embodiment of the present application also provides a communication device for performing the steps performed by the network device in the method shown in Figure 5 or Figure 6 .
  • the communication device 800 may include a processing module 801 and a transceiver module 802 .
  • the processing module 801 is used to determine the packet information of the first terminal device's side transmission acquisition timing.
  • the transceiver module 802 is configured to send the grouping information to the first terminal device, where the grouping information is used to instruct the first terminal device to obtain timing.
  • the transceiver module 802 is also configured to send first indication information to the first terminal device, where the first indication information is used to indicate that the second terminal device is a central node or a non-central node. .
  • the grouping information includes one or more grouping identification information.
  • this embodiment of the present application also provides a communication device for performing the steps performed by the first terminal device UE1 in the method shown in FIG. 7 .
  • the communication device 800 may include a processing module 801 and a transceiver module 802 .
  • the transceiver module 802 is used to receive the side row synchronization signal block S-SSB of the second terminal device, where the S-SSB indicates the synchronization information of the second terminal device, wherein the synchronization information includes the second terminal device.
  • the processing module 801 is configured to determine a synchronization source according to the S-SSB, and obtain timing according to the synchronization information of the synchronization source.
  • the synchronization source is: the global navigation satellite or the second terminal device.
  • the synchronization source is: the base station corresponding to the second terminal device, Or, any base station corresponding to the PLMN, or the base station with the largest signal strength among the multiple base stations corresponding to the PLMN, or the second terminal device.
  • the synchronization source is: the first base station or the second terminal device.
  • the second terminal device is a central node or a non-central node through which the communication device 800 performs side-link transmission with the second terminal device.
  • the transceiver module is further configured to send third indication information to the second terminal device, where the third indication information is used to indicate the synchronization source determined by the communication device 800 .
  • An embodiment of the present application also provides a communication device for performing the steps performed by the second terminal device UE2 in the method shown in FIG. 7 .
  • the communication device 800 may include a processing module 801 and a transceiver module 802 .
  • the processing module 801 is configured to generate a side row synchronization signal block S-SSB, where the S-SSB indicates synchronization information of the communication device 800, where the synchronization information includes the timing of the communication device 800; the S-SSB Including at least one of the following second indication information, the second indication information indicates the identification information of the public land mobile network PLMN corresponding to the communication device 800, or indicates whether the timing of multiple base stations corresponding to the PLMN is synchronized, or , indicating the identification information of the base station or cell corresponding to the communication device 800.
  • the transceiver module 802 is used to send the S-SSB to the first terminal device.
  • the S-SSB also instructs the communication device 800 to synchronize to global navigation satellites.
  • the S-SSB also instructs the communication device 800 to synchronize to the first base station.
  • the communication device 800 is a central node or a non-central node through which the first terminal device and the communication device 800 perform side transmission.
  • the transceiver module 802 is also configured to receive third indication information sent from the first terminal device, where the third indication information is used to indicate the synchronization source determined by the first terminal device. .
  • the above-mentioned communication device 800 can take the form shown in FIG. 4 .
  • the processor 401 in Figure 4 can cause the communication device 800 to execute the method executed by the communication device in the above method embodiment by calling the computer execution instructions stored in the memory 404.
  • the function/implementation process of the transceiver module 802 in Figure 8 can be implemented by the processor 401 in Figure 4 calling the computer execution instructions stored in the memory 404.
  • the function/implementation process of the processing module 801 in Figure 8 can be implemented by the processor 401 in Figure 4 calling the computer execution instructions stored in the memory 404, and the function/implementation process of the transceiver module 802 in Figure 8 can be implemented through Figure It is implemented by the communication interface 403 in 4.
  • one or more of the above modules or units can be implemented in software, hardware, or a combination of both.
  • the software exists in the form of computer program instructions and is stored in the memory.
  • the processor can be used to execute the program instructions and implement the above method flow.
  • the processor can be built into an SoC (System on a Chip) or ASIC, or it can be an independent semiconductor chip.
  • SoC System on a Chip
  • ASIC Application Specific integrated circuit
  • the processor In addition to the internal processing core used to execute software instructions for calculation or processing, it may further include necessary hardware accelerators, such as field programmable gate array (FPGA), PLD (programmable logic device), or implementation Logic circuits dedicated to logic operations.
  • FPGA field programmable gate array
  • PLD programmable logic device
  • the hardware can be a CPU, a microprocessor, a digital signal processing (DSP) chip, a microcontroller unit (MCU), an artificial intelligence processor, an ASIC, Any one or any combination of SoC, FPGA, PLD, dedicated digital circuits, hardware accelerators or non-integrated discrete devices, which can run the necessary software or not rely on software to perform the above method flow.
  • DSP digital signal processing
  • MCU microcontroller unit
  • embodiments of the present application also provide a chip system, including: at least one processor and an interface.
  • the at least one processor is coupled to the memory through the interface.
  • the at least one processor executes the computer program or instructions in the memory
  • the chip system further includes a memory.
  • the chip system may be composed of chips, or may include chips and other discrete devices, which is not specifically limited in the embodiments of the present application.
  • embodiments of the present application also provide a computer-readable storage medium. All or part of the processes in the above method embodiments can be completed by instructing relevant hardware through a computer program.
  • the program can be stored in the above computer-readable storage medium. When executed, the program can include the processes of the above method embodiments. .
  • the computer-readable storage medium may be an internal storage unit of the communication device of any of the aforementioned embodiments, such as a hard disk or memory of the communication device.
  • the above-mentioned computer-readable storage medium may also be an external storage device of the above-mentioned communication device, such as a plug-in hard disk, a smart media card (SMC), a secure digital (SD) card equipped on the above-mentioned communication device, Flash card, etc.
  • SMC smart media card
  • SD secure digital
  • the computer-readable storage medium may also include both an internal storage unit of the communication device and an external storage device.
  • the above-mentioned computer-readable storage medium is used to store the above-mentioned computer program and other programs and data required by the communication device.
  • the above-mentioned computer-readable storage media can also be used to temporarily store data that has been output or is to be output.
  • the embodiment of the present application also provides a computer program product. All or part of the processes in the above method embodiments can be completed by instructing relevant hardware through a computer program.
  • the program can be stored in the above computer program product. When executed, the program can include the processes of the above method embodiments.
  • An optional embodiment of the present application also provides a computer instruction. All or part of the processes in the above method embodiments can be completed by computer instructions to instruct related hardware (such as computers, processors, access network equipment, mobility management network elements or session management network elements, etc.).
  • the program may be stored in the above-mentioned computer-readable storage medium or in the above-mentioned computer program product.
  • the disclosed devices and methods can be implemented in other ways.
  • the device embodiments described above are only illustrative.
  • the division of modules or units is only a logical function division.
  • there may be other division methods for example, multiple units or components may be The combination can either be integrated into another device, or some features can be omitted, or not implemented.
  • the coupling or direct coupling or communication connection between the shown or discussed may be through some Interface, indirect coupling or communication connection of devices or units, may be electrical, mechanical or other forms.
  • the units described as separate components may or may not be physically separated.
  • the components shown as units may be one physical unit or multiple physical units, that is, they may be located in one place, or they may be distributed to multiple different places. . Some or all of the units can be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of this embodiment.
  • each functional unit in each embodiment of the present application can be integrated into one processing unit, each unit can exist physically alone, or two or more units can be integrated into one unit.
  • the above integrated units can be implemented in the form of hardware or software functional units.

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Abstract

本申请提供一种基于分组的侧行同步方法及装置，涉及通信技术领域，用于解决不同终端进行定时同步的同步源不同所导致的定时不对齐，无法保证侧行传输通信性能的问题。该方法包括：第一终端装置接收至少一个终端装置的侧行同步信号块S-SSB，所述S-SSB指示终端装置的分组信息以及同步信息，其中，分组信息为终端装置用于获取定时的分组信息，同步信息包括终端装置的定时；根据第一终端装置的分组信息和至少一个终端装置的分组信息确定同步源；根据同步源的同步信息获取定时。

Description

一种基于分组的侧行同步方法及装置
本申请要求于2022年04月29日提交国家知识产权局、申请号为202210469103.7、申请名称为“一种基于分组的侧行同步方法及装置”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本申请涉及通信技术领域，尤其涉及一种基于分组的侧行同步方法及装置。
背景技术
第五代(the fifth-generation，5G)移动通信技术也称新无线(new radio，NR)技术，NR技术服务业务多样，包括增强型移动宽带业务、超可靠低延时通信业务以及大规模机器通信业务等。其中，对于网络中进行通信的节点要求进行定时同步，以便能够正确解调接收信号，实现通信传输。例如，终端开机后可以持续盲检进行初始同步，直到搜索到一个或多个同步源(或称同步参考源)的同步信号，终端可以按照一定规则选择一个同步源并根据该同步源的同步信号获取定时，从而进行通信传输。
目前，终端可以基于全球导航卫星系统(global navigation satellite system，GNSS)进行定时同步，或者基于gNB或eNB等基站进行定时同步。另外，还可以将其它终端作为同步源进行定时同步。当多个不同终端之间进行侧行传输时，多个终端可能分别将不同运营商的不同基站、同一运营商的不同基站、GNSS或其它终端等作为同步源进行定时同步，因此，侧行传输的接收端和发送端可能会同步到上述不同的同步源，从而获取的定时可能是不对齐的，这会导致侧行传输的通信性能无法保证。
发明内容
本申请提供一种基于分组的侧行同步方法及装置，解决了现有技术中不同的终端进行定时同步的同步源不同，所导致的定时不对齐，无法保证侧行传输通信性能的问题。
为达到上述目的，本申请采用如下技术方案：
第一方面，提供一种基于分组的侧行同步方法，应用于第一终端装置，该方法包括：接收至少一个终端装置的侧行同步信号块S-SSB，所述S-SSB指示所述终端装置的分组信息以及所述终端装置的同步信息，其中，所述分组信息为所述终端装置用于获取定时的分组信息，所述同步信息包括所述终端装置的定时；根据所述第一终端装置的分组信息和所述至少一个终端装置的分组信息从所述至少一个终端装置中确定同步源；根据所述同步源的同步信息获取定时。
上述技术方案，终端装置在无可信基站且无可信GNSS信号覆盖等场景下，可以通过分组信息选择其它终端装置作为同步源，其中，可以优先选择与该终端装置同一分组的终端装置作为同步源，从而尽可能保证进行侧行通信的多个终端装置之间的定时同步，提高侧行传输效率。
在一种可能的实现方式中，同步源与第一终端装置的分组信息相同。从而通过选择分组信息相同的终端装置作为同步源，保证同组内的终端装置之间侧行传输的定时同步。
在一种可能的实现方式中，同步源的参考信号接收功率高于预设阈值，并且所述同步源为与所述第一终端装置的分组信息相同的至少一个终端装置中参考信号接收功率最高的。当搜索到同组内的多个终端装置的同步信息时，可以优先选择信号功率最高的作为同步源，提高定时效率。
在一种可能的实现方式中，分组信息是基于所述第一终端装置的地理位置、业务类型、业务需求或数据传输类型等中至少一个确定的。
本申请中对于终端装置的分组方式不做具体限定，示例性的，可以根据终端装置的地理位置、业务类型、业务需求或数据传输类型(单播、组播或广播等)等进行分组，提高定时同步效率，提高侧行传输效率。
在一种可能的实现方式中，分组信息包括一个或多个分组标识信息。可以通过一个终端装置对应一个或多个标识ID，用于表示该终端装置的分组信息，从而区分不同终端装置所对应的分组信息，提高定时同步的效率和灵活性。
在一种可能的实现方式中，第一终端装置的分组信息是预配置的；或者，是根据接收来自网络装置或者其它终端装置的指示信息获取的。本申请中对终端装置分组信息的配置方式不做具体限定，示例性的，可以通过预定义、预配置，或者通过动态配置为终端装置配置对应的分组信息，例如，由网络装置或者其他终端装置发送指示信息其中携带分组信息。
在一种可能的实现方式中，分组信息承载于物理侧行广播信道PSBCH、物理侧行数据信道PSSCH或物理侧行控制信道PSCCH、或者侧行同步信号SLSS中。从而提高对于配置分组信息的灵活性，提高对终端装置进行同步分组的灵活性。
在一种可能的实现方式中，同步源为与所述第一终端装置的分组信息相同的多个终端装置中的中心节点。上述实施方式中，通过在同一分组内区分中心节点和非中心节点，从而可以根据预设规则同一组内的终端装置可以有点选择同步至该组内的中心节点，使得具有通信需求的同组内多个终端装置实现定时同步，提高侧行传输的通信效率。
在一种可能的实现方式中，若所述至少一个终端装置的分组信息与所述第一终端装置的分组信息不相同，则所述同步源为所述至少一个终端装置中的中心节点。上述实施方式中，对于不同分组的多个终端装置，可以优先选择不同组中的中心节点作为同步源，从而使得不同组多个终端装置之间可以尽可能实现定时同步，提高同步效率。
在一种可能的实现方式中，该方法还包括：接收第一指示信息，所述第一指示信息用于指示第二终端装置为中心节点或非中心节点。上述实施方式中，可以通过特定的指示信息，用于终端装置之间交互组内的中心节点/非中心节点的设置，从而在定时同步的时候能选择出更为合适的同步源，提高同步效率。
在一种可能的实现方式中，第一指示信息承载于所述S-SSB中，例如，承载于PSBCH。此外，第一指示信息还可以承载于SLSS。
第二方面，提供一种基于分组的侧行同步方法，应用于第二终端装置，该方法包括：生成侧行同步信号块S-SSB，所述S-SSB指示所述第二终端装置的分组信息以及同步信息，其中，所述分组信息为所述第二终端装置用于获取定时的分组信息，所述同步信息包括所述第二终端装置的定时；向第一终端装置发送所述S-SSB。
在一种可能的实现方式中，该方法还包括：向所述第一终端装置发送分组信息，所述分组信息用于指示所述第一终端装置获取定时的分组信息，或者，所述分组信息指示所述第一终端装置与所述第二终端装置同组或者不同组。
在一种可能的实现方式中，该方法还包括：向所述第一终端装置发送第一指示信息，所述第一指示信息用于指示所述第二终端装置为中心节点或非中心节点。
在一种可能的实现方式中，分组信息或所述第一指示信息承载于所述S-SSB中。
在一种可能的实现方式中，分组信息包括一个或多个分组标识信息。
在一种可能的实现方式中，第二终端装置的分组信息是预配置的；或者，是根据接收来自网络装置或者其它终端装置的指示信息获取的。
第三方面，提供一种基于分组的侧行同步方法，应用于网络装置，该方法包括：确定第一终端装置进行侧行传输获取定时的分组信息；向所述第一终端装置发送所述分组信息，所述分组信息用于指示所述第一终端装置获取定时。
在一种可能的实现方式中，该方法还包括：向所述第一终端装置发送第一指示信息，所述第一指示信息用于指示所述第二终端装置为中心节点或非中心节点。
在一种可能的实现方式中，分组信息包括一个或多个分组标识信息。
第四方面，提供一种侧行同步方法，应用于第一终端装置，该方法包括：接收第二终端装置的侧行同步信号块S-SSB，所述S-SSB指示所述第二终端装置的同步信息，其中，所述同步信息包括所述第二终端装置的定时；所述S-SSB包括以下第二指示信息中的至少一种，所述第二指示信息指示所述第二终端装置对应的公共陆地移动网络PLMN的标识信息，或者指示所述PLMN对应的多个基站定时是否同步，或者，指示所述第二终端装置对应的基站或小区的标识信息；根据所述S-SSB确定同步源；根据所述同步源的同步信息获取定时。
上述实施方式中，通过在终端装置之间增加关于同步的特定指示，使得需要定时同步的终端装置可以根据其它已经定时同步的终端装置的同步源，确定自身的同步源，从而尽量选择与其它终端装置定时对齐的同步源，提高侧行传输的通信效率。
在一种可能的实现方式中，若所述S-SSB指示所述第二终端装置同步至全球导航卫星，则所述同步源为：所述全球导航卫星或者所述第二终端装置。从而第一终端装置可以参考第二终端装置的同步源，可以直接同步至全球导航卫星，或者同步至第二终端装置，提高同步效率。
在一种可能的实现方式中，若所述第二指示信息还用于指示所述PLMN对应的多个基站是定时同步的，则所述同步源为：所述第二终端装置对应的基站，或者，所述PLMN对应的任一基站，或者，所述PLMN对应的多个基站中信号强度最大的基站，或者，所述第二终端装置。从而第一终端装置可以参考第二终端装置的同步源，可以直接同步至第二终端装置同步到的基站，或者由于该PLMN对应的其他基站之 间是定时同步的，第一终端装置可以同步至其中任一基站，或者选择同步至信号最强的基站，提高同步效率。反之，如果第二指示信息指示的PLMN对应的多个基站不是定时同步的，则第一终端装置可以直接同步至第二终端装置同步到的基站，或者同步至第二终端装置。
在一种可能的实现方式中，若所述S-SSB指示所述第二终端装置同步至第一基站，则所述同步源为：所述第一基站或者所述第二终端装置。其中，若S-SSB中包括第二终端装置同步到哪个基站的指示，则第一终端装置可以直接同步与第二终端装置相同的基站，提高同步效率。
在一种可能的实现方式中，第二终端装置为所述第一终端装置与所述第二终端装置进行侧行传输的中心节点或者非中心节点。从而终端装置在确定同步源的时候，可以优先参考与其同组内的中心节点的同步源，尽量实现组内终端之间的定时同步，提高侧行传输效率。
在一种可能的实现方式中，该方法还包括：向所述第二终端装置发送第三指示信息，所述第三指示信息用于指示所述第一终端装置确定的所述同步源。获取定时之后，第一终端装置可以向第二终端装置发送指示自己选择的同步源是否是该第二终端设备，从而若第一终端装置的同步源不是该第二终端装置，则第二终端装置可以不发或减小发送同步信号的频率，节省功耗。
第五方面，提供一种侧行同步方法，应用于第二终端装置，该方法包括：生成侧行同步信号块S-SSB，所述S-SSB指示所述第二终端装置的同步信息，其中，所述同步信息包括所述第二终端装置的定时；所述S-SSB包括以下第二指示信息中的至少一种，所述第二指示信息指示所述第二终端装置对应的公共陆地移动网络PLMN的标识信息，或者指示所述PLMN对应的多个基站定时是否同步，或者，指示所述第二终端装置对应的基站或小区的标识信息；向第一终端装置发送所述S-SSB。
在一种可能的实现方式中，S-SSB还指示所述第二终端装置同步至全球导航卫星。
在一种可能的实现方式中，S-SSB还指示所述第二终端装置同步至第一基站。
在一种可能的实现方式中，第二终端装置为所述第一终端装置与所述第二终端装置进行侧行传输的中心节点或者非中心节点。
在一种可能的实现方式中，该方法还包括：接收来自所述第一终端装置发送第三指示信息，所述第三指示信息用于指示所述第一终端装置确定的所述同步源。
第六方面，提供一种通信装置，所述通信装置包括：收发模块，用于接收至少一个终端装置的侧行同步信号块S-SSB，所述S-SSB指示所述终端装置的分组信息以及所述终端装置的同步信息，其中，所述分组信息为所述终端装置用于获取定时的分组信息，所述同步信息包括所述终端装置的定时；处理模块，用于根据所述通信装置的分组信息和所述至少一个终端装置的分组信息从所述至少一个终端装置中确定同步源；根据所述同步源的同步信息获取定时。
在一种可能的实现方式中，同步源与所述通信装置的分组信息相同。
在一种可能的实现方式中，同步源的参考信号接收功率高于预设阈值，并且所述同步源为与所述通信装置的分组信息相同的至少一个终端装置中参考信号接收功率最 高的。
在一种可能的实现方式中，分组信息是基于所述通信装置的地理位置、业务类型、业务需求或数据传输类型等中至少一个确定的。
在一种可能的实现方式中，分组信息包括一个或多个分组标识信息。
在一种可能的实现方式中，通信装置的分组信息是预配置的；或者，是根据接收来自网络装置或者其它终端装置的指示信息获取的。
在一种可能的实现方式中，同步源为与所述通信装置的分组信息相同的多个终端装置中的中心节点。
在一种可能的实现方式中，若所述至少一个终端装置的分组信息与所述通信装置的分组信息不相同，则所述同步源为所述至少一个终端装置中的中心节点。
在一种可能的实现方式中，收发模块还用于接收第一指示信息，所述第一指示信息用于指示所述第二终端装置为中心节点或非中心节点。
在一种可能的实现方式中，第一指示信息承载于所述S-SSB中。
第七方面，提供一种通信装置，所述通信装置包括：处理模块，用于生成侧行同步信号块S-SSB，所述S-SSB指示所述通信装置的分组信息以及同步信息，其中，所述分组信息为所述通信装置用于获取定时的分组信息，所述同步信息包括所述通信装置的定时；收发模块，用于向第一终端装置发送所述S-SSB。
在一种可能的实现方式中，收发模块还用于向所述第一终端装置发送分组信息，所述分组信息用于指示所述第一终端装置获取定时的分组信息，或者，所述分组信息指示所述第一终端装置与所述通信装置同组或者不同组。
在一种可能的实现方式中，收发模块还用于向所述第一终端装置发送第一指示信息，所述第一指示信息用于指示所述通信装置为中心节点或非中心节点。
在一种可能的实现方式中，分组信息或所述第一指示信息承载于所述S-SSB中。
在一种可能的实现方式中，分组信息包括一个或多个分组标识信息。
在一种可能的实现方式中，通信装置的分组信息是预配置的；或者，是根据接收来自网络装置或者其它终端装置的指示信息获取的。
第八方面，提供一种通信装置，所述通信装置包括：处理模块，用于确定第一终端装置进行侧行传输获取定时的分组信息；收发模块，用于向所述第一终端装置发送所述分组信息，所述分组信息用于指示所述第一终端装置获取定时。
在一种可能的实现方式中，收发模块还用于向所述第一终端装置发送第一指示信息，所述第一指示信息用于指示所述第二终端装置为中心节点或非中心节点。
在一种可能的实现方式中，分组信息包括一个或多个分组标识信息。
第九方面，提供一种通信装置，所述通信装置包括：收发模块，用于接收第二终端装置的侧行同步信号块S-SSB，所述S-SSB指示所述第二终端装置的同步信息，其中，所述同步信息包括所述第二终端装置的定时；所述S-SSB包括以下第二指示信息中的至少一种，所述第二指示信息指示所述第二终端装置对应的公共陆地移动网络PLMN的标识信息，或者指示所述PLMN对应的多个基站定时是否同步，或者，指示所述第二终端装置对应的基站或小区的标识信息；处理模块，用于根据所述S-SSB 确定同步源，根据所述同步源的同步信息获取定时。
在一种可能的实现方式中，若所述S-SSB指示所述第二终端装置同步至全球导航卫星，则所述同步源为：所述全球导航卫星或者所述第二终端装置。
在一种可能的实现方式中，若所述第二指示信息还用于指示所述PLMN对应的多个基站是定时同步的，则所述同步源为：所述第二终端装置对应的基站，或者，所述PLMN对应的任一基站，或者，所述PLMN对应的多个基站中信号强度最大的基站，或者，所述第二终端装置。
在一种可能的实现方式中，若所述S-SSB指示所述第二终端装置同步至第一基站，则所述同步源为：所述第一基站或者所述第二终端装置。
在一种可能的实现方式中，第二终端装置为所述通信装置与所述第二终端装置进行侧行传输的中心节点或者非中心节点。
在一种可能的实现方式中，收发模块还用于向所述第二终端装置发送第三指示信息，所述第三指示信息用于指示所述通信装置确定的所述同步源。
第十方面，提供一种通信装置，所述通信装置包括：处理模块，用于生成侧行同步信号块S-SSB，所述S-SSB指示所述通信装置的同步信息，其中，所述同步信息包括所述通信装置的定时；所述S-SSB包括以下第二指示信息中的至少一种，所述第二指示信息指示所述通信装置对应的公共陆地移动网络PLMN的标识信息，或者指示所述PLMN对应的多个基站定时是否同步，或者，指示所述通信装置对应的基站或小区的标识信息；收发模块，用于向第一终端装置发送所述S-SSB。
在一种可能的实现方式中，S-SSB还指示所述通信装置同步至全球导航卫星。
在一种可能的实现方式中，S-SSB还指示所述通信装置同步至第一基站。
在一种可能的实现方式中，通信装置为所述第一终端装置与所述通信装置进行侧行传输的中心节点或者非中心节点。
在一种可能的实现方式中，收发模块还用于接收来自所述第一终端装置发送第三指示信息，所述第三指示信息用于指示所述第一终端装置确定的所述同步源。
第十一方面，提供一种通信装置，该通信装置包括处理器与传输接口；其中，所述处理器被配置为执行存储在存储器中的指令，以使得所述装置执行如上述第一方面中任一项所述的方法。
第十二方面，提供一种通信装置，该通信装置包括处理器与传输接口；其中，所述处理器被配置为执行存储在存储器中的指令，以使得所述装置执行如上述第二方面中任一项所述的方法。
第十三方面，提供一种通信装置，该通信装置包括处理器与传输接口；其中，所述处理器被配置为执行存储在存储器中的指令，以使得所述装置执行如上述第三方面中任一项所述的方法。
第十四方面，提供一种通信装置，该通信装置包括处理器与传输接口；其中，所述处理器被配置为执行存储在存储器中的指令，以使得所述装置执行如上述第四方面中任一项所述的方法。
第十五方面，提供一种通信装置，该通信装置包括处理器与传输接口；其中，所述处理器被配置为执行存储在存储器中的指令，以使得所述装置执行如上述第五方面 中任一项所述的方法。
第十六方面，提供一种计算机可读存储介质，包括程序或指令，当所述程序或指令被处理器运行时，如上述第一方面中任意一项所述的方法被执行。
第十七方面，提供一种计算机可读存储介质，包括程序或指令，当所述程序或指令被处理器运行时，如上述第二方面中任意一项所述的方法被执行。
第十八方面，提供一种计算机可读存储介质，包括程序或指令，当所述程序或指令被处理器运行时，如上述第三方面中任意一项所述的方法被执行。
第十九方面，提供一种计算机可读存储介质，包括程序或指令，当所述程序或指令被处理器运行时，如上述第四方面中任意一项所述的方法被执行。
第二十方面，提供一种计算机可读存储介质，包括程序或指令，当所述程序或指令被处理器运行时，如上述第五方面中任意一项所述的方法被执行。
第二十一方面，提供一种计算机程序产品，当所述计算机程序产品在计算机或处理器上运行时，使得所述计算机或所述处理器执行如上述第一方面中任一项所述的方法。
第二十二方面，提供一种计算机程序产品，当所述计算机程序产品在计算机或处理器上运行时，使得所述计算机或所述处理器执行如上述第二方面中任一项所述的方法。
第二十三方面，提供一种计算机程序产品，当所述计算机程序产品在计算机或处理器上运行时，使得所述计算机或所述处理器执行如上述第三方面中任一项所述的方法。
第二十四方面，提供一种计算机程序产品，当所述计算机程序产品在计算机或处理器上运行时，使得所述计算机或所述处理器执行如上述第四方面中任一项所述的方法。
第二十五方面，提供一种计算机程序产品，当所述计算机程序产品在计算机或处理器上运行时，使得所述计算机或所述处理器执行如上述第五方面中任一项所述的方法。
第二十六方面，提供一种通信系统，所述通信系统包括如上述第六方面与第七方面中任一项所述的通信装置。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述通信系统还包括上述第八方面中任一项所述的通信装置。
第二十七方面，提供一种通信系统，所述通信系统包括如上述第九方面与第十方面中任一项所述的通信装置。
可以理解地，上述提供的任一种方法、通信装置、计算机可读存储介质、计算机程序产品或通信系统等，均可以由上文所提供的对应的方法来实现，因此，其所能达到的有益效果可参考上文所提供的对应的方法中有益效果，此处不再赘述。
附图说明
图1为本申请实施例提供的一种通信系统架构图；
图2和图3为本申请实施例提供的侧行通信场景示意图；
图4为本申请实施例提供的一种通信装置的结构示意图；
图5至图7为本申请实施例提供的侧行同步方法的流程示意图；
图8为本申请实施例提供的另一种通信装置的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
以下，术语“第一”、“第二”仅用于描述目的，而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性或者隐含指明所指示的技术特征的数量。由此，限定有“第一”、“第二”的特征可以明示或者隐含地包括一个或者更多个该特征。在本实施例的描述中，除非另有说明，“多个”的含义是两个或两个以上。
需要说明的是，本申请中，“示例性的”或者“例如”等词用于表示作例子、例证或说明。本申请中被描述为“示例性的”或者“例如”的任何实施例或设计方案不应被解释为比其它实施例或设计方案更优选或更具优势。确切而言，使用“示例性的”或者“例如”等词旨在以具体方式呈现相关概念。
下面将结合本申请实施例中的附图，对本申请实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本申请一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本申请中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其它实施例，都属于本申请保护的范围。
首先，对本申请实施例的实施环境和应用场景进行简单介绍。
本申请实施例提供的技术方案可以应用于支持侧行链路通信的任一通信系统，该通信系统可以为第三代合作伙伴计划(3rd generation partnership project，3GPP)通信系统，例如，长期演进(long term evolution，LTE)系统，又可以为第五代(5th generation，5G)移动通信系统、新无线(new radio，NR)系统、车与任何事物通信(vehicle-to-everything，V2X)系统以及其它下一代通信系统，也可以为非3GPP通信系统，不予限制。下面以图1为例，对本申请实施例提供的通信系统进行描述。
如图1示出了本申请实施例提供的一种通信系统的实施环境示意图。如图1所示，在本申请的实施例中，提供一种通信系统，该通信系统可以包括：至少两个终端装置，该至少两个终端装置之间可以进行无线通信，例如，两个终端装置分别为UE1和UE2。此外，该通信系统还可以包括至少一个网络装置，该网络装置可以与所述终端装置UE1和UE2进行无线通信。
在NR系统中，存在两种空口，Uu口和PC5口。其中，Uu口可以用于终端装置与网络装置之间的无线通信，PC5口可以用于终端装置与终端装置之间的侧行链路(Sidelink，SL)无线通信。其中，在本申请实施例中，术语“无线通信”还可以简称为“通信”，术语“通信”还可以描述为“数据传输”、“信息传输”或“传输”。
如图1中所示，终端装置向网络装置传输数据通信链路称为上行链路(Uplink，UL)，网络装置向终端装置传输数据通信链路称为下行链路(Downlink，DL)，例如，网络装置可以通过Uu口向至少两个终端装置UE1和UE2发送单播、组播或广播数据。如图1中所示的，该通信系统还可以包括车辆UE3，终端装置UE3可以通过PC5口向至少两个终端装置UE1和UE2发送单播、组播或广播数据，其中，如终端装置UE3作为组播组中的发送端的终端装置，则终端装置UE1和UE2可以作为组播组中的接收端的终端装置。
本申请中，网络装置也称为网络设备，可以是任意一种具有无线收发功能的设备 或者装置，包括但不限于：长期演进(Long Term Evolution，LTE)系统中的演进型基站(NodeB或eNB或e-NodeB，evolutional Node B)，NR中的基站(gNodeB或gNB)或收发点(transmission receiving point/transmission reception point,TRP)，客户前置设备(Customer Premise Equipment，CPE)、3GPP后续演进的基站，WiFi系统中的接入节点，无线中继节点，无线回传节点等。其中，基站可以是：宏基站、微基站、微微基站、小站、中继站或气球站等。多个基站可以支持上述提及的同一种技术的网络，也可以支持上述提及的不同技术的网络。基站可以包含一个或多个共站或非共站的TRP。网络装置还可以是云无线接入网络(cloud radio access network，CRAN)场景下的无线控制器、集中单元(centralized unit，CU)，和/或分布单元(distributed unit,DU)。以下以网络装置为基站为例进行说明。所述多个网络装置可以为同一类型的基站，也可以为不同类型的基站。基站可以与终端装置进行通信，也可以通过中继站与终端装置进行通信。终端装置可以与不同技术的多个基站进行通信，例如，终端装置可以与支持LTE网络的基站通信，也可以与支持5G网络的基站通信，还可以支持与LTE网络基站以及5G网络基站的双连接。
终端装置是一种具有无线收发功能的设备或装置，可以部署在陆地上，包括室内或室外、手持、穿戴或车载；也可以部署在水面上(如轮船等)；还可以部署在空中(例如飞机、气球和卫星上等)。所述终端装置可以是手机(mobile phone)、平板电脑(Pad)、带无线收发功能的电脑、虚拟现实(virtual reality，VR)终端装置、增强现实(augmented reality，AR)终端装置、工业控制(industrial control)中的无线终端、车载终端装置、无人驾驶(self driving)中的无线终端、远程医疗(remote medical)中的无线终端、智能电网(smart grid)中的无线终端、运输安全(transportation safety)中的无线终端、智慧城市(smart city)中的无线终端、智慧家庭(smart home)中的无线终端、可穿戴终端装置、5G网络中的终端装置、未来演进的公用陆地移动通信网络(public land mobile network，PLMN)中的终端装置、车载单元(on-board unit，OBU)、车载盒子(也称为车载T-Box(telematics box))、路边单元(Road Side Unit)、整车、智能驾驶车辆或者能够实现前述设备功能的装置或芯片等等。本申请的实施例对应用场景不做限定。
终端装置有时也可以称为用户设备UE、接入终端装置、车载终端、工业控制终端、UE单元、UE站、移动站、移动台、远方站、远程终端装置、移动设备、UE终端装置、终端设备、无线通信设备、UE代理或UE装置等。终端装置也可以是固定的或者移动的。本申请中由UE实现的方法和步骤，也可以由可用于UE的部件(例如芯片或者电路)等实现。本申请中将前述UE及可设置于前述UE的部件(例如芯片或者电路)还可称为终端装置、终端设备或者终端。
需要说明的是，图1仅为示例性附图，图1包括的设备的数量不受限制，且除图1所示设备之外，该通信架构还可以包括其它设备。此外，图1中各个设备的名称不受限制，除图1所示名称之外，各个设备还可以命名为其它名称，不予限制。
在一种实施场景中，如图1所示的通信系统中还可以包括全球导航卫星系统GNSS，是指能在地球表面或近地空间的任何地点为用户设备提供全天候的三维坐标、速度以及时间信息的空基无线电导航定位系统。其中，GNSS可以包括一个或多个卫星星座 及其支持特定工作所需的增强系统。终端装置可以通过GNSS卫星信号实现定时同步。
终端装置开机之后，定时同步的主要流程分为以下两步。
第一步：初始同步。
其中，初始同步是指终端装置持续性盲搜候选同步源的同步信号，根据配置或者预配置的同步源优先级规则进行同步源的选择，确定目标同步源并获取该目标同步源对应的同步信号中包括的定时，从而终端装置可以根据该定时完成定时同步。其中，所述同步源的同步信号，包括从gNB/eNB获取定时/同步信息、从GNSS获取定时/同步信息以及从参考UE获取同步信息等。
需要说明的是，在本申请的实施例中，将上述终端装置根据选择的目标同步源的同步信号中包括的定时进行定时同步的过程，可以简称为终端装置同步至该目标同步源，例如，终端装置确定的目标同步源为GNSS，根据GNSS的卫星信号中的定时进行定时同步，等同于该终端装置同步至GNSS。下述的实施例中对此不再重复说明。
在V2X通信系统中，候选同步源可以包括GNSS、基站以及其它的终端装置等。示例性的，结合图1所示，UE1可以获取GNSS以及基站的同步信号，UE2也可以获取GNSS以及基站的同步信号，UE3可以获取GNSS的同步信号，但由于UE3处于基站的信号覆盖范围之外，因此无法获取基站的同步信息。
目前，通常将终端装置的同步类型分为基于GNSS和基于基站(gNB/eNB)这两种，分别表示该终端装置是以GNSS为最高优先级同步源，或是以gNB/eNB为最高优先级同步源。例如，UE1的同步类型为基于GNSS，则表示该UE1是以GNSS为最高优先级同步源的。
其中，终端装置对应的同步类型可以是预定义的，或者预先配置好的，或者还可以是网络装置为其动态配置的等。如下表1所示，两种同步类型分别对应不同的同步源优先级列表。
表1、基于GNSS和基于基站分别对应的同步源优先级列表
表1中，每种同步类型对应的多个同步源中，同步源从上到下的顺序对应的同步源优先级是从高到低的。当终端装置根据搜索到的同步信号确定同步源时，可以根据上述同步源优先级由高到低的顺序进行选择。
示例性的，若UE1的同步类型为基于GNSS，则该UE1根据上述的同步源优先级选择同步源的时候，优先级最高的是GNSS，如果UE1搜索不到GNSS的同步信号，则可以将直接同步至GNSS的UE2作为同步源，即根据UE2发送的同步信号进行定时同步。如果UE1搜索不到直接或间接同步至GNSS的任何UE的同步信号，则UE1可以将基站作为目标同步源，同步至基站，例如，gNB或eNB。另外，UE1还可以根据预定义或者预设规则或者(预)配置等将与基站相关的同步源(包括基站、直接或间接同步至基站的UE等)去掉，即只考虑同步源列表中基于GNSS的同步源(包括GNSS、直接或间接同步至GNSS的UE等)以及其它UE作为同步源。
在一种实施方式中，当终端装置确定当前存在相同优先级的多个同步源时，可以从同步信号的参考信号接收功率(reference signal received power，RSRP)大于或等于预设阈值的多个同步源中，选择RSRP最高的一个作为目标同步源。
例如，若UE2的同步类型为基于基站，则该UE2根据上述的同步源优先级选择同步源的时候，优先级最高的是基站，如果UE2当前搜索到gNB-1和gNB-2的同步信号，且gNB-1和gNB-2的同步信号RSRP均大于预设阈值。其中，UE2接收到的gNB-1同步信号RSRP值高于gNB-2的同步信号RSRP值，则UE2可以确定gNB-1作为目标同步源，同步至gNB-1。
可选地，当终端装置无法搜索到上述表1中所示的任一同步源对应的同步信号，或者终端装置搜索到的同步信号不满足要求时，终端装置可以将自身的内部时钟/晶振作为同步源，即根据内部时钟或晶振获取定时。其中，同步信号不满足要求是指该同步信号不满足作为定时同步依据的条件，例如，某一同步信号的RSRP小于预设阈值，或者某一同步信号对应的同步源被判定为不可靠，如GNSS被判定为不可靠等。
需要说明的是，本申请的实施例中，针对不同优先级的同步源，其对应的预设阈值可以预定义或(预)配置为同一个值，或者，还可以分别进行预定义或(预)配置的。后续的实施例中对此不再重复说明。
在一种实施方式中，终端装置获取定时后的会转发自己获取的定时。也就是说，当终端装置搜索到优先级较高的同步源并根据该同步源建立定时同步之后，该终端装置会将同步信息以直通链路同步信号块(sidelink synchronization signal block，S-SSB)的形式发送出去，其中，S-SSB中包括该终端装置的定时。从而其它的终端装置可以接收到该终端装置发送的S-SSB，并获取S-SSB中携带的定时。
进一步的，S-SSB包括物理侧行广播信道(physical sidelink broadcast channel，PSBCH)、侧行主同步信号(Sidelink Primary Synchronization Signal，S-PSS)和侧行辅同步信号(Sidelink Secondary Synchronization Signal，S-SSS)。另外，与S-SSB一同发送的还可以包括物理侧行控制信道(physical sidelink control channel，PSCCH)，以及，物理侧行数据信道(physical sidelink shared channel，PSSCH)。例如，在同步窗或参考信号(Discovery Reference Signal，DRS)burst或discovery burst中一同发送。此外，PSSCH和/或PSCCH也可以单独发送。
第二部：同步维持。
终端装置获取定时之后，只能够维持一段时间的同步，还需要每隔一段时间重新进行定时以维持同步。后续可以根据预定义或(预)配置的信息，获取S-SSB的位置， 并在对应的位置搜索同步信号，进行同步源的选择或切换以维持定时同步。例如，S-SSB的位置可以是周期性的，则终端装置可以周期搜索同步信号。或者，S-SSB可以是非周期的，如位置呈非等间隔，则终端装置按照相应位置搜索同步信号。以周期性同步信号为例，具体的，终端装置可以结合初始同步中已获取的定时，基于S-SSB的周期等相关配置，按照周期去特定位置搜索同步信号，并按照与初始同步中类似的规则确定同步源。
另外，NR系统还涉及多种SL通信场景，如图2所示的同一基站覆盖内UE之间的SL通信、不同基站覆盖内UE之间的站间SL通信、基站覆盖内UE与基站覆盖外UE的SL通信、无基站无GNSS的UE之间的SL通信等。
其中，对于有基站和/或有GNSS同步信号的SL通信场景，根据上述UE确定目标同步源的规则，UE可能同步至GNSS、不同运营商的不同基站或者同一运营商的不同基站等，则需要通信的多个UE可能会分别同步至上述的不同同步源，则所述多个UE之间的定时可能是不对齐的，将会使通信性能无法保证。
示例性的，如图3所示，PLMN-1与PLMN-2对应于不同的运营商，UE1同步至GNSS，UE2同步至PLMN-1的基站1，UE3同步至PLMN-1的基站2，UE4同步至PLMN-2的基站3，其中，GNSS与基站的定时存在偏差，基站1与基站2的定时可能存在偏差，基站1/基站2与基站3的定时存在偏差。
另外，对于无基站且无GNSS同步信号的SL通信场景，基于前述确定目标同步源的选择规则，由于UE无法获取基站及GNSS的同步信号，需要获取定时的UE将优先同步至其它可作为同步参考源的UE。此时，根据同步源优先级从高到低，相同优先级选RSRP大于预设预支且同步源中RSRP最高的同步源的原则，将会自然形成一些由多个UE组成的同步簇。例如，通常距离较近的UE对应的RSRP较大，因此UE可能优先同步至距离最近的UE，距离较远的UE就会形成不同的同步簇。
其中，如图3所示，不同的同步簇之间的定时可能是不对齐的。另外，同步簇内，由于不同的UE可能不是同步到同一个UE，同步簇内的UE之间也可能出现一定的定时偏差。如果考虑到UE位置的移动，形成的同步簇也将动态变化。当需要通信的UE属于不同的同步簇时，定时将出现偏差，也会使通信性能无法保证。
基于上述问题，本申请实施例提供一种基于分组的侧行同步方法，通过将需要进行侧行传输的多个终端装置进行分组，并根据分组情况确定目标同步源进行定时同步，从而尽可能实现SL通信双方的定时对齐，提高侧行传输的通信性能。
需要说明的是，本申请的实施例可以应用于终端装置使用授权频谱进行侧行传输的场景，也适用于终端装置使用非授权频谱进行侧行传输的场景。其中，对于非授权频谱来说，终端装置在发送侧行数据前需要进行信道接入，也即通过先听后发(listen before talk，LBT)机制确认可用的频谱资源。例如，终端装置可以通过信道检测来确定某信道是否空闲，若LBT成功也即确认该信道空闲，才能够接入信道并进行传输。非授权频谱，也可以称为共享频谱、非许可频谱、未许可频谱等，此处不作限定。
在本申请实施例中，终端装置或网络装置可以包括硬件层、运行在硬件层之上的操作系统层，以及运行在操作系统层上的应用层。该硬件层包括中央处理器(central processing unit，CPU)、内存管理单元(memory management unit，MMU)和内存(也 称为主存)等硬件。该操作系统可以是任意一种或多种通过进程(process)实现业务处理的计算机操作系统，例如，Linux操作系统、Unix操作系统、Android操作系统、iOS操作系统或windows操作系统等。该应用层包含浏览器、通讯录、文字处理软件、即时通信软件等应用。并且，本申请实施例并未对本申请实施例提供的方法的执行主体的具体结构特别限定，只要能够通过运行记录有本申请实施例的提供的方法的代码的程序，以根据本申请实施例提供的方法进行通信即可，例如，本申请实施例提供的方法的执行主体可以是终端装置或网络装置，或者，是终端装置或网络装置中能够调用程序并执行程序的功能模块。
在具体实现时，图1所示各网元，如：终端装置、网络装置可采用图4所示的组成结构或者包括图4所示的部件。图4为本申请实施例提供的一种通信装置400的结构示意图，当该通信装置400具有本申请实施例所述终端装置的功能时，该通信装置400可以为终端装置或者终端装置中的芯片或者片上系统。当通信装置400具有本申请实施例所述的网络装置的功能时，通信装置400可以为网络装置或者网络装置中的芯片或者片上系统。
如图4所示，该通信装置400可以包括处理器401，通信线路402以及通信接口403。进一步的，该通信装置400还可以包括存储器404。其中，处理器401，存储器404以及通信接口403之间可以通过通信线路402连接。
其中，处理器401可以是中央处理器(Central Processing Unit，CPU)、通用处理器网络处理器(Network Processor，NP)、数字信号处理器(Digital Signal Processing，DSP)、微处理器、微控制器、可编程逻辑器件或它们的任意组合。处理器401还可以是其它具有处理功能的装置，如电路、器件或软件模块等。
通信线路402，用于在信装置400所包括的各部件之间传送信息。
通信接口403，用于与其它设备或其它通信网络进行通信。该其它通信网络可以为以太网，无线接入网(Radio Access Network，RAN)，无线局域网(Wireless Local Area Networks，WLAN)等。通信接口403可以是接口电路、管脚、射频模块、收发器或者任何能够实现通信的装置。
存储器404，用于存储指令。其中，指令可以是计算机程序。
其中，存储器404可以是只读存储器(Read-only Memory，ROM)或可存储静态信息和/或指令的其它类型的静态存储设备，也可以是随机存取存储器(Random Access Memory，RAM)或者可存储信息和/或指令的其它类型的动态存储设备，还可以是电可擦可编程只读存储器(Electrically Erasable Programmable read-only Memory，EEPROM)、只读光盘(Compact Cisc read-only Memory，CD-ROM)或其它光盘存储、光碟存储、磁盘存储介质或其它磁存储设备，光碟存储包括压缩光碟、激光碟、光碟、数字通用光碟、或蓝光光碟等。
需要说明的是，存储器404可以独立于处理器401存在，也可以和处理器401集成在一起。存储器404可以用于存储指令或者程序代码或者一些数据等。存储器404可以位于通信装置400内，也可以位于通信装置400外，不予限制。处理器401，用于执行存储器404中存储的指令，以实现本申请下述实施例提供的方法。
在一种示例中，处理器401可以包括一个或多个CPU，例如图4中的CPU0和 CPU1。
作为一种可选的实现方式，通信装置400包括多个处理器，例如，除图4中的处理器401之外，还可以包括处理器407。
作为一种可选的实现方式，通信装置400还包括输出设备405和输入设备406。示例性地，输入设备406是键盘、鼠标、麦克风或操作杆等设备，输出设备405是显示屏、扬声器等设备。
需要说明的是，通信装置400可以是可穿戴设备、台式机、便携式电脑、网络服务器、移动手机、平板电脑、无线终端、嵌入式设备、芯片系统或有图4中类似结构的设备。此外，图4中示出的组成结构并不构成对该通信装置的限定，除图4所示部件之外，该通信装置可以包括比图示更多或更少的部件，或者组合某些部件，或者不同的部件布置。
本申请实施例中，芯片系统可以由芯片构成，也可以包括芯片和其它分立器件。
例如，上述装置400可以为一个芯片系统，该芯片系统可以如图4所示，至少可以包括一个或者多个处理器和收发电路，涉及本申请实施例所述的方法的程序指令在该一个或者多个处理器中执行，以使得该芯片系统实现本申请的方法。
此外，本申请的各实施例之间涉及的动作、术语等均可以相互参考，不予限制。本申请的实施例中各个设备之间交互的消息名称或消息中的参数名称等只是一个示例，具体实现中也可以采用其它的名称，不予限制。
接下来，以图1所示的通信系统为例，结合相应的附图，对本申请实施例提供的实施方式进行描述。其中，下述实施例中的各设备可以具有图4所示部件。本申请各实施例之间涉及的动作，术语等均可以相互参考，不予限制。本申请的实施例中各个设备之间交互的消息名称或消息中的参数名称等只是一个示例，具体实现中也可以采用其它的名称，不予限制。
本申请实施例提供一种基于分组的侧行同步方法，适用于如图2所示的无基站无GNSS的终端装置进行侧行传输的场景，结合图5所示，该方法通过对需要进行侧行通信的终端装置进行分组，然后终端装置在定时同步的时候可以根据分组信息确定同步源，从而使得侧行通信双方的定时对齐，提高侧行传输的通信性能。
另外，本申请提供的基于分组的侧行同步方法也适用于有基站和/或有GNSS的终端装置进行侧行传输的场景，后续将结合图6进行完整描述。
下述的实施例中仅以第一终端装置UE1作为示例，描述无基站无GNSS的终端装置基于分组确定同步源的实施场景。例如，UE1可以接收至少一个UE的同步信号，从中确定同步源进行定时同步，如UE1可以从至少一个UE中确定第二终端装置UE2作为同步源。
如图5所示，该方法可以包括如下步骤。
S501：UE1接收至少一个终端装置的S-SSB。
其中，S-SSB指示发送该S-SSB的终端装置的分组信息，以及所述终端装置的同步信息。分组信息为所述终端装置用于获取定时的分组信息，同步信息包括所述终端装置的定时。
也就是说，UE1接收至少一个终端装置的至少一个S-SSB，每个S-SSB可以指示 对应终端装置的分组信息以及同步信息。例如，UE1接收来自UE2的S-SSB-1，以及接收来自UE3的S-SSB-2，该S-SSB-1中可以包括UE2的分组信息以及UE2的同步信息等，该S-SSB-2中可以包括UE3的分组信息以及UE3的同步信息等。
其中，分组信息可以承载于S-SSB中，例如承载于S-SSB的预留比特。或者，分组信息还可以承载于与S-SSB一同发送或者独立发送的PSSCH或PSCCH，例如承载于PSSCH或PSCCH的预留比特。
在一种实施方式中，分组信息还可以承载于物理侧行广播信道(physical sidelink broadcast channel，PSBCH)，如承载于侧行主系统模块(master information block，MIB)中或者循环冗余校验(cyclic redundancy check，CRC)加扰中；或者分组信息还可以承载于侧行同步信号(sidelink synchronization signal，SLSS)中，例如使用不同的SLSS ID区分不同的分组。也就是说，UE1可以通过接收PSBCH或SLSS确定其它UE例如UE2的分组信息，然后通过接收其它UE例如UE2的S-SSB获取UE2的同步信息。
需要说明的是，本申请中侧行同步信号(sidelink synchronization signal，SLSS)还可以是侧行同步序列(sidelink synchronization sequence)。下文对此不再重复说明。
其中，本申请实施例中的分组信息包括一个或多个分组标识，例如分组标识为一个或多个组ID。例如，分组标识可以是：源ID+目的ID的组合。其中，源ID和目的ID属于基于业务或链路的概念，指业务或链路的源ID和目的ID。可选地，源ID和/或目的ID不特指某个发送和/或接收UE。可选地，源ID和目的ID分别与业务或者同步的发送和接收UE有关。。具有同样分组信息的UE可以视为属于同一个组。
分组信息可以是预定义的，或者(预)配置的。例如，对于某些工业场景中应用的终端装置，可以通过出厂设置为终端装置分配对应的分组信息，或者通过配置信息为终端装置配置分组信息。例如，可以通过RRC或PC5RRC或MAC-CE等配置。
或者，分组信息可以是由终端装置的物理层、高层或应用层确定的。例如，终端装置在运行某一应用程序的时候，由终端装置的应用层基于该业务自动生成分组信息。
或者，分组信息还可以由网络装置或者其它终端装置动态配置的。例如，UE可以根据接收来自网络装置的指示信息获取UE对应的分组信息。或者，进行侧行通信的UE之间可以通过指示信息指示对方UE的分组信息。
可选的，有配置信息时终端装置按配置信息确定分组信息，没配置信息的时候按预定义的分组信息。
另外，终端装置的分组信息可以是网络设备基于终端装置的地理位置、业务类型、业务需求或数据传输类型等中至少一个确定的。例如，可以基于不同终端装置的不同地理位置进行分组，区分不同的分组信息。也就是说，同一分组内可以包括多个位于相邻或相近地理位置的终端装置，其中，同一分组内的多个终端装置之间可以包含单播业务或者组播业务。再比如，可以基于终端装置的不同业务类型进行分组，例如，将有通话业务的终端装置分为一组，将有视频播放业务的终端装置分为另一组等，则每一分组即对应于一个单播业务或者对应于一个组播业务。
本申请实施例中对终端装置进行分组划分、确定分组信息的具体方式，以及分组信息的配置方式不做具体限定。
S502：UE1根据UE1的分组信息和至少一个终端装置的分组信息确定同步源。
也就是说，UE1可以根据UE1的分组信息，以及步骤S501接收的至少一个S-SSB中指示的至少一个终端装置的分组信息，从中确定出用于定时同步的同步源。
在一种实施方式中，结合前述终端装置进行初始同步的规则以及表1的同步源优先级列表可知，对于无基站无GNSS信号覆盖的终端装置UE1来说，根据同步源优先级从高到低的顺序选择同步源的时候，无法搜索到基站、GNSS以及直接或间接同步至基站或/GNSS的终端装置的同步信号，因此，UE1可以选择其它的终端装置作为同步源，前提是UE1能够搜索到其它的终端装置的同步信号/S-SSB。
在一种实施方式中，UE1确定的同步源与UE1的分组信息相同。
也就是说，UE1可以将与UE1属于同一分组的终端装置确定为同步源进行定时同步。即UE1确定同步源的时候可以将同一分组内的其它UE作为优先级较高的同步源，若不存在同一分组的UE，再从不同分组的UE中选择确定同步源。
例如，UE1的分组标识为ID1，UE1接收来自UE2的S-SSB中指示的分组信息为ID1，UE1接收来自UE3的S-SSB中指示的分组信息为ID3。则UE1可以根据接收的S-SSB确定UE2的分组信息与UE1本地的分组信息相同，则UE1可以确定UE2为同步源。
进一步的，终端装置确定的同步源对应的参考信号接收功率RSRP高于预设阈值。例如，若UE1确定UE2与UE3对应的分组信息均与UE1的分组信息相同，但UE2的同步信号的RSRP高于预设阈值而UE3的同步信号的RSRP低于预设阈值，则UE1可以确定UE2为同步源。
在一种实施方式中，UE1确定的同步源可以为与UE1分组信息相同的至少一个终端装置中参考信号接收功率最高的。也就是说，若终端装置根据上述同时满足分组信息相同、且RSRP高于预设阈值这两个条件的同步源不止一个，则终端装置可以从中选择RSRP最高的UE作为同步源。
在另一种实施方式中，若将同一分组中的多个UE进一步区分为中心节点和非中心节点，则UE确定同步源的时候可以将同一分组内的中心节点作为优先级较高的同步源。
其中，中心节点也称为头节点、头UE(header UE，hUE)、中心UE或主UE等。中心节点是指在定时同步、信号传输或调度管理等中的至少一方面起主导作用的UE。例如，中心节点用于作为同步分组中的主要同步源，和/或，用于维持组间同步或全局同步。本申请中的“节点”可以称为“结点”，如中心结点或非中心结点等。
非中心节点也称为成员节点、成员UE(member UE，mUE)、非中心UE、组员UE或从属UE等，是指在定时同步、信号传输或调度管理中的至少一方面起从属作用的UE。例如，非中心节点用于在同步分组中接收hUE的同步信号获取定时，并转发定时信息。
示例性的，中心节点或非中心节点的区分可以是预定义的或预先配置好的，或者根据设备类型确定的。例如，VR游戏或AR游戏终端等中的主机可以为中心节点，除主机之外的其它设备可以为非中心节点。此外，中心节点或非中心节点还可以是动态配置的，例如，通过网络装置或者其它终端装置发送的特定指示信息，指示某一终端装置为中心节点或为非中心节点。例如，UE1接收第一指示信息，该第一指示信息用 于指示UE2为UE1与UE2进行侧行传输的中心节点。示例性的，对于某一特定业务，可以将第一个开机或者最先发送侧行数据的终端装置确定为中心节点，则该中心节点可以向非中心节点发送第一指示信息。
示例性的，第一指示信息可以承载于S-SSB，或者承载于其它信令中。
在一种实施方式中，结合前述步骤S501中的分组信息，终端装置的分组信息还可以是中心节点确定的，或者是中心节点与非中心节点协商确定的。例如，中心节点UE1可以将确定的分组标识ID1携带在通知消息中发送给UE2与UE3，用于指示UE2与UE3的分组标识均为ID1。示例性的，UE1确定的分组标识ID1可以是与UE1自身相关联的标识，例如，分组标识ID1是与UE1的设备ID等相关联的标识。
此时，步骤S502中，UE1根据UE1和至少一个终端装置的分组信息确定同步源，具体的，UE1确定的同步源为：与UE1的分组信息相同的多个UE中的中心节点。
在另一种实施方式中，若UE1接收到的至少一个S-SSB对应的至少一个UE的分组信息均与UE1的分组信息不相同，则UE1确定的同步源可以为所述至少一个UE中的中心节点。
也就是说，当步骤S501中，UE1接收的至少一个终端装置的S-SSB中指示的分组信息均与UE1的分组信息不同，则UE1可以从至少一个终端装置中选择非同组的中心节点作为同步源。
例如，UE1的分组标识为ID1，而UE1根据接收到的UE2与UE3的S-SSB确定UE2与UE3均不与UE1同组。其中，UE2的分组标识为ID2，UE3的分组标识也为ID2，但UE2为中心节点，则UE1可以确定UE2作为同步源。
可选地，上述的步骤S502中，UE1可以根据S-SSB，和/或与S-SSB一起发送的PSCCH和/或PSSCH中携带的组标识ID，与UE1的组标识ID对比，确定发送该同步信号的同步源是否与自己属于同一分组。从而进一步根据上述的规则确定同步源。
可选地，上述的步骤S502中，UE1可以根据S-SSB，和/或，与S-SSB一起发送的PSCCH或和/PSSCH中携带的第一指示信息，确定发送该同步信号的同步源是否为中心节点hUE。从而进一步根据上述的规则确定同步源。示例性的，组标识ID和/或第一指示信息可以在PSSCH中携带，例如在数据中携带，或者，在PSSCH中的第二级SCI(2nd stage SCI)中携带。
S503：UE1根据同步源的同步信息获取定时。
确定同步源之后，UE1可以根据接收到的该同步源对应的S-SSB获取定时，完成定时同步，或者定时更新。
通过上述的实施方式，终端装置在无可信基站且无可信GNSS信号覆盖的场景下，可以通过分组信息选择其它终端装置作为同步源，其中，可以优先选择与该终端装置同一分组的终端装置作为同步源，或者，选择与该终端装置同一分组的中心节点作为同步源，从而尽可能保证进行侧行通信的多个终端装置之间的定时同步，提高侧行传输效率。
在一种实施方式中，UE1可以将UE2确定为目标同步源。则在前述步骤S501之前，所述方法还包括：UE2生成S-SSB，并发送S-SSB。
根据前述的终端装置进行初始同步的过程可知，UE在完成初始同步之后，可以将 定时信息转发出去，如UE2生成S-SSB，将同步信息携带在S-SSB中转发出去，例如发送至UE1，其中，同步信息包括UE2的定时。
示例性的，UE2发送的S-SSB还可以指示UE2的分组信息，其中，分组信息为UE2用于获取定时的分组信息。或者，若UE2没有预配置分组信息，且无法获取自身的分组信息，可以暂时缺省该字段。
在一种可能的实现方式中，UE2还可以为UE1分配分组信息。例如，UE2向UE1发送分组信息，所述分组信息用于指示UE1获取定时的分组信息，或者，所述分组信息指示UE1与UE2同组或者不同组。
下面，结合图6，对本申请实施例提供的方法应用于如图2所示任一场景的终端装置进行侧行传输的场景进行完整描述。下述的实施例中仅以第一终端装置UE1作为示例，描述进行侧行传输终端装置如何选择确定同步源，以尽可能保证全局同步，提高侧行传输效率。
有基站和/或有GNSS、无基站且无GNSS的终端装置基于分组确定同步源的实施场景。例如，UE1可以接收至少一个UE的同步信号，本申请提供的基于分组的侧行同步方法也适用于有基站和/或有GNSS的终端装置进行侧行传输的场景，后续将结合图6进行完整描述。
S601：UE1从一个或多个同步源中，根据分组信息以及同步源优先级从高到低的顺序确定目标同步源。
UE1的同步源可以包括GNSS、一个或多个基站、直接同步至GNSS/基站的UE、间接同步至GNSS/基站的UE以及其它UE等。其中，同步源优先级从高到低的顺序可以参照下表2所示。
表2、基于GNSS和基于基站分别对应的同步源优先级列表
也就是说，UE1可以根据上述表2所示的同步源优先级列表，从UE1能够搜索到同步信号的至少一个同步源中，选择同步信号RSRP高于预设阈值中同步源优先级 最高的作为目标同步源。
在一种实施方式中，考虑到同一分组内同步至GNSS的UE与不同分组中同步至GNSS的UE之间也可能存在一定的定时偏差，相应的，同一分组内同步至基站的UE与不同分组中同步至基站的UE之间也可能存在一定的定时偏差，可以基于终端装置的分组信息进一步区分终端装置作为同步源的优先级顺序。因此，同步源优先级从高到低的顺序还可以参照下表3所示。
表3、基于GNSS和基于基站分别对应的同步源列表
可以理解的是，所述根据分组信息以及同步源优先级从高到低的顺序确定目标同步源，可以是指终端设备确定目标同步源的流程中的选择顺序。例如，终端设备按照同步源优先级列表中的顺序，从最高优先级开始，确定是否有最高优先级对应同步源的同步信号可以获取，如果有，则根据规则从中确定目标同步源，如果没有，则确定 是否有下一优先级的同步源，依此类推。
在具体的实现过程中，可能会为每一种同步源配置对应的优先级(如优先级值)，也可能不会为上述的每一种同步源配置对应的优先级(或优先级值)，而是在终端设备确定目标同步源的流程中，终端设备可以根据本申请实施例中示意的同步源优先级列表，按照从上到下的顺序依次选择，确定目标同步源。
示例性的，如果UE1的同步类型是基于GNSS的，则UE1首先确定是否能够获取GNSS的同步信号，若能够获取GNSS的同步信号，则确定的目标同步源为GNSS；否则，确定是否能够获取基站的同步信号，若能够获取基站的同步信号，则确定的目标同步源为基站；否则，确定是否能够获取同组UE的同步信号，若能够获取同组UE的同步信号，则将该UE确定为目标同步源…..，依次类推。
S602：UE1根据目标同步源的同步信息获取定时。
其中，无论考虑对同一分组中的多个终端装置区分中心节点与非中心节点，还是不区分中心节点或非中心节点，多个终端装置都可以通过上述确定目标同步源的方法获取定时。
上述实施方式，通过对于目前同步源的优先级列表的优化，考虑到进行侧行通信的终端装置的同步分组的情况，根据分组信息优先选择同一分组内终端装置进行定时同步，从而保证了需要进行侧行通信的终端装置的定时尽可能同步，提高侧行通信效率。
需要说明的是，本申请的实施例中仅展示可能的同步源划分和优先级高低的关系，示例性描述几种可能的同步源优先级列表。其中，同步源优先级的高低关系可以参考本申请实施例中的优先级列表中示出的，但对于其中的同步源数量、序号或者同步源的优先级值并不做具体限定。实际应用中，同步源优先级列表可能仅包含本申请同步源优先级列表中的部分同步源，而不包含另外一些同步源。下面的描述中对此不做重复说明。
另外，同步源优先级列表中还可以包括每一种同步源对应的优先级值，用于根据优先级值确定同步源的优先级高低，从而选择目标同步源。例如，优先级值越大对应的优先级越低，优先级值越小，对应的优先级越高，例如，优先级值P为0表示对应最高优先级的同步源。或者，优先级值越小对应的优先级越低，优先级值越大对应的优先级越高。本申请对于优先级值与优先级高低的对应关系不做限定。
进一步的，如果考虑到终端装置的移动性，若侧行传输的终端装置都根据上述同步源优先级进行定时同步，例如，GNSS或基站的同步信号RSRP可能会频繁变化，终端装置进行周期性或者非周期性的同步搜索/维持同步的时候，可能需要频繁切换目标同步源，例如，基于GNSS的终端装置处于室外的时候，搜索到GNSS的RSRP高于预设阈值，则根据优先级顺序选择同步至GNSS，而当该终端装置移动至室内的时候，搜索到GNSS的RSRP低于预设阈值，则根据优先级顺序选择同步至其它终端装置。而与该终端装置进行侧行通信的另一部分终端装置仍然是同步至GNSS的，而GNSS与其它终端装置之间存在定时偏差，因此该终端装置与其它侧行通信的终端装置定时不对齐。
此时，可以通过进一步区分侧行传输终端装置中的中心节点和非中心节点，并优 化中心节点以及非中心节点作为同步源的优先级，从而尽可能实现全局同步。具体的，可以通过以下两种方式，实现定时同步。
方式一、中心节点和非中心节点均按照如下表4所示的同步源优先级从高到低的顺序选择确定目标同步源。
表4、基于GNSS和基于基站分别对应的同步源优先级列表

参照前述的表2可以对表4进行简化。另外，如果不考虑直接同步至中心节点与间接同步至中心节点的终端装置之间的定时偏差，还可以将表4简化为表5。
表5、基于GNSS和基于基站分别对应的同步源优先级列表
根据表4或表5可知，UE1在确定目标同步源的时候，优先考虑分组信息相同的UE。在同组UE中，中心节点作为同步源的优先级高于非中心节点的优先级，中心节点作为同步源的优先级高于同步至所述中心节点的非中心节点，同步至中心节点的非中心节点作为同步源的优先级高于其它非中心节点。示例性的，同一分组中的多个UE中，UE2为中心节点hUE，UE3和UE4均为非中心节点mUE，其中，UE3同步至UE2， 则这三个UE作为同步源的优先级顺序为：UE2>UE3>UE4。
此外，若进一步考虑与UE1分组信息不相同的UE作为同步源，则不同组的任一UE的优先级低于同组的UE。其中，同一分组中的中心节点作为同步源的优先级高于不同分组中的中心节点的优先级。对于与UE1不同分组的多个UE中，中心节点作为同步源的优先级高于非中心节点的优先级，中心节点作为同步源的优先级高于同步至所述中心节点的非中心节点的优先级，同步至中心节点的非中心节点的优先级高于其它的非中心节点的优先级。
方式二、中心节点和非中心节点可以分别基于不同的同步源优先级从高到低的顺序选择确定目标同步源。
其中，中心节点可以按照如下表6所示的同步源优先级确定目标同步源，非中心节点可以按照如下表7所示的同步源优先级确定目标同步源。
表6、基于GNSS和基于基站分别对应的同步源优先级列表
表7、同步源优先级列表
也就是说，若无法同步至基于GNSS/基站的同步源(包括GNSS/基站、直接或间接同步至GNSS/基站的UE等)，中心节点可以优先同步至其它分组的中心节点，从而，不同分组的多个中心节点hUE将实现定时同步。进一步的，非中心节点可以不考虑基于GNSS/基站的同步源，而是优先同步至同一分组中的中心节点。此时，每个分组中非中心节点都同步至该分组的中心节点，多个不同分组的中心节点互相同步，从而尽可能实现全局同步。
进一步的，若UE1搜索到RSRP高于预设阈值且优先级相同的多个同步源，则从中选择RSRP最高的一个作为目标同步源。
另外，在一种实施方式中，对于终端装置的同步类型是基于GNSS的，可以根据预定义、或者预设规则、或者(预)配置将与基站相关的同步源(包括基站、直接或间接同步至基站的UE等)去掉，即只考虑同步源列表中基于GNSS的同步源(包括GNSS、直接或间接同步至GNSS的UE等)以及其它UE作为同步源等。
可选地，基于预设规则为，当终端装置在第一时长内无法搜索到与基站相关的同步源(包括基站、直接或间接同步至基站的UE等)，则将与基站相关的同步源(包括基站、直接或间接同步至基站的UE等)去掉或者设置为disable。其中第一时长可以预定义或者(预)配置。
相对应的，对于终端装置的同步类型是基于基站的，可以根据预定义、或者预设规则、或者(预)配置将与GNSS相关的同步源(包括GNSS、直接或间接同步至GNSS的UE等)去掉，即只考虑同步源列表中基于基站的同步源(包括基站、直接或间接同步至基站的UE等)以及其它UE作为同步源等。
可选地，基于预设规则为，当终端装置在第二时长内无法搜索到与GNSS相关的同步源(包括GNSS、直接或间接同步至GNSS的UE等)，则将与GNSS相关的同步源(包括GNSS、直接或间接同步至GNSS的UE等)去掉或者设置为disable。其中第二时长可以预定义或者(预)配置。
此外，还可以根据特定场景或特定业务，将基于GNSS以及基站的同步源(包括GNSS/基站、直接或间接同步至GNSS/基站的UE等)去掉，考虑除此之外的其它同步源，例如室内场景。终端装置可以根据预定义、或者预设规则、或者(预)配置不考虑基于GNSS和基站相关的同步源，从而可以降低终端装置的盲检次数，节约搜索同步信号的能耗。
示例性的，对于室内XR游戏来说，在主机和相关设备间维持同步即可，不需要去搜索其他同步源，则基于预定义或(预)配置，可以将其他与GNSS/基站相关的同步源去掉或者设置为disable。
进一步可选地，可以基于预定义或(预)配置或基于条件或基于预设规则或基于场景，将与GNSS相关的同步源(包括GNSS、直接或间接同步至GNSS的UE等)，和/或与基站相关的同步源(包括基站、直接或间接同步至基站的UE等)，和/或除同组UE之外的其他参考UE，去掉或者设置为disable。即只考虑同步至同组的UE(无中心节点时)，或者只考虑同步至同组的hUE和/或mUE同步(有中心节点时)。
本申请实施例还提供一种侧行同步方法，通过特定的指示信息用于指示终端装置确定合适的同步源进行定时同步。如图7所示，该方法包括以下步骤。
S701：UE2生成S-SSB，S-SSB中包括同步信息以及第二指示信息。
其中，S-SSB指示UE2的同步信息，其中，同步信息可以包括UE2的定时。
另外，S-SSB还包括以下第二指示信息中的一种或多种，其中，第二指示信息可以用于UE1进行定时同步的时候，作为选择同步源的参考信息。
其中，第二指示信息可以指示UE2的同步源对应的PLMN的标识信息，或者指示UE2同步至GNSS。例如，第二指示信息可以通过2个或3个比特位指示PLMN或GNSS，00表示GNSS，01表示第一PLMN，10表示第二PLMN，11表示第三PLMN。其中，UE2同步至GNSS表示UE2直接同步至GNSS，和/或，间接同步至GNSS，即UE2的同步源是GNSS和/或同步源是同步至GNSS的UE。
或者，第二指示信息可以指示UE2的PLMN对应的多个基站定时是否同步。例如，第二指示信息可以通过1个比特位Syncflag来指示。Syncflag值为1指示PLMN对应的多个基站是同步的，Syncflag值为0指示PLMN对应的多个基站不是同步的。
或者，第二指示信息可以指示UE2对应的基站的标识信息，或者UE2对应的小区的标识信息。
另外，第二指示信息还可以承载于PSSCH(如数据字段，或第二级SCI)和/或PSCCH。
S702：UE2发送S-SSB。
相对应的，UE1接收来自UE2的S-SSB，获取S-SSB中携带的第二指示信息。
S703：UE1根据S-SSB确定同步源。
在一种可能的实现方式中，若UE1根据S-SSB中的第二指示信息，确定UE2同步至GNSS，则UE1可以确定同步源为GNSS或者UE2。
也就是说，UE1可以根据UE2的同步源，选择与UE2相同的同步源GNSS，或者将UE2作为同步源进行定时同步。
可选的，如果第二指示信息包括的PLMN指示为GNSS，则可以不包括Syncflag指示以及基站的标识信息，即不需要指示PLMN对应的多个基站之间是否同步以及PCID，或者第二指示信息可以包括Syncflag和/或基站的标识信息，但UE1无需解析该信息。
在一种可能的实现方式中，若第二指示信息还包括用于指示UE2的所述PLMN对应的多个基站是定时同步的，则UE1可以确定同步源为：UE2对应的基站，或者UE2，或者，PLMN对应的任一基站，或者PLMN对应的多个基站中信号强度最强的基站。
也就是说，UE2向UE1指示了UE2的定时源为PLMN，且该PLMN对应的多个基站之间都是定时同步的，那么，在这种情况下，UE1不仅可以同步至UE2、或者UE2同步的基站(如果第二指示信息还包括UE2对应的基站/小区标识信息)，还可以同步至该PLMN对应的多个基站中的任一个，从而保证UE1与UE2的定时对齐。
此时，第二指示信息用于指示UE2对应的基站/小区的标识信息可以缺省，从而UE1可以直接同步至该PLMN对应的多个基站中的任一个，或者同步至该PLMN对应的多个基站中信号强度最强的基站。
可选的，如果第二指示信息包括PLMN对应的多个基站是定时同步的，则第二指示信息无需包括PCID，或者第二指示信息包括PCID，但UE1可以不解析该信息。
在另一种可能的实现方式中，若第二指示信息包括用于指示UE2的所述PLMN对应的多个基站不是定时同步的，则UE1可以确定同步源为：UE2对应的基站或者UE2。
也就是说，UE2向UE1指示了UE2的定时源为PLMN，且该PLMN对应的多个基站之间不是定时同步的，那么，在这种情况下，UE1可以同步至UE2，或者UE2同步的基站(如果第二指示信息还包括UE2对应的基站/小区标识信息)。例如，若S-SSB指示UE2同步至第一基站，则UE1确定的同步源可以为：第一基站或者UE2。
在另一种可能的实现方式中，如果没有上述第二指示信息的相关信息，可以预先配置为：接收UE1默认不同步，UE1直接同步至UE2或者所述UE2同步的的第一基站。或者，可以预先配置为，如果没有上述第二指示信息的相关信息，则接收UE1默认同步，UE1可以同步至所述运营商的任意基站、或RSRP最大的基站、或UE2同步的第一基站、或同步至UE2。
在一种实施方式中，上述的UE2可以为UE1与UE2进行侧行传输的中心节点，也就是说，UE1可以优先参考同一分组中的中心节点对应的第二指示信息，从而根据中心节点的同步源选择合适的同步源进行定时同步，以尽量跟中心节点的定时保持同步，提高侧行传输的通信效率。
S704：UE1根据同步源的同步信息获取定时。
可选的，UE1确定同步源并完成定时同步之后，还可以向UE2发送第三指示信息，用于指示UE1确定的同步源。例如，UE1可以通过发送信令向UE2指示，是以基站或GNSS作为同步源的，还是以UE2作为同步源的。例如UE1通过特定的1比 特位，指示是/否同步到该UE2，或者，指示同步至该UE2或其他同步源(例如基站，卫星等)。从而，如果UE1以基站或GNSS作为同步源的，则UE2可以节省发送同步信号的信令，例如降低发送同步信号的频率，或者不发同步信号，从而节省功耗。
上述的实施方式，通过在终端装置之间增加关于同步的特定指示，使得需要定时同步的终端装置可以根据其它已经定时同步的终端装置的同步源，确定自身的同步源，从而尽量选择与其它终端装置特别是中心节点定时对齐的同步源，提高侧行传输的通信效率。
另外，上述侧行同步的实施方式中，关于S-SSB的时频资源配置，可以是基于系统级的时频资源用于S-SSB传输，即资源池的所有时频资源供多个不同分组的终端装置共同使用；或者，可以是基于资源池配置的时频资源，用于S-SSB传输，或者，还可以是基于不同分组配置的时频资源，即为同一组内的多个终端分配特定的时频资源用于S-SSB传输。本申请实施例中对S-SSB的时频资源配置方式不做具体限定。
其中，目前支持预定义或(预)配置有用于发送S-SSB和/或接收S-SSB的2套或3套同步资源。考虑到不同分组的终端装置对应的S-SSB携带的信息不同，例如，S-SSB携带的分组标识信息不同，若不同分组的多个终端装置使用相同的同步资源发送多个S-SSB，则多个S-SSB存在干扰。因此，对于所述2套或3套同步资源中的每一套时频资源，均预定义或(预)配置为包括多个同步资源集合。。示例性的，当终端装置选择某一套同步资源发送同步信号的时候，可以根据预定义或(预)配置或预设规则等从该套同步资源包括的多个同步资源集合中确定至少一个同步资源集合，并在选择的同步资源集合中包括的同步资源上发送S-SSB。
示例性的，根据预定义的规则确定S-SSB资源具体可以为，根据分组信息结合预设运算方式确定S-SSB资源。例如，预配置有三套时频资源，包括第一时频资源、第二时频资源和第三时频资源。UE1完成初始同步之后，可以根据预定义规则，根据UE1的分组信息确定对应的S-SSB资源为第一时频资源，则UE1可以通过第一时频资源发送S-SSB-1。
需要说明的是，再具体的实施过程中，本申请前述各个实施例中终端装置确定侧行同步的不同方法之间可以结合，例如，终端装置可以根据图6所示的同步源优先级顺序，结合图7的实施例中第二指示信息的指示确定目标同步源，本申请对此不做具体限定。
另外，根据不同终端装置的侧行通信需要，对于终端装置的分组情况可以实时更新，也就是说终端装置的分组信息可以更新，从而保证有通信需求的多个终端装置处于同一个分组中。其中，更新分组信息的终端装置可以重新进行同步搜索，完成定时同步。
示例性的，一个分组中包括多个UE，当有新的UE需要加入该分组中的时候，该分组中原有的UE可以正常维持同步，新加入该分组的UE可以重新执行同步搜索，根据前述实施方式确定同步源，获取定时，从而与新加入的分组中其他UE实现定时同步。
根据前述的实施方式，非中心节点mUE可以同步至同一组内的中心节点hUE，中 心节点hUE-1可以同步至其他分组的中心节点hUE-2。在一种实施方式中，可以根据预定义规则，中心节点hUE-1同步至其他分组的中心节点hUE-2。
示例性的，预定义规则具体可以为分组标识较大的hUE同步至分组标识较小的hUE，或者，分组标识较小的hUE同步至分组标识较大的hUE，或者，有通信需求的发送UE所在分组中的hUE同步至接收UE所在分组中的hUE，或者，接收UE所在分组中的hUE同步至发送UE所在分组中的hUE等规则。本申请实施例中对不同分组的中心节点之间的定时同步规则不做具体限定。
在一种实施方式中，为了尽可能扩大定时同步的范围，以在一定区域内实现全局同步，还可以预定义选择同步源的规则，如根据侧行同步信号SLSS的标识大小或者根据分组标识大小确定同步源。
示例性的，终端装置可以优先选择SLSS ID最小的UE作为同步源，或者，优先选择分组标识ID最小的UE作为同步源。类似的，对于区分中心节点和非中心节点的实施场景中，终端装置可以优先选择SLSS ID最小的hUE作为同步源，或者，优先选择分组标识ID最小的hUE作为同步源。
基于前述的侧行同步方法，本申请实施例还提供一种通信装置，用于执行前述图5或图6所示的方法中第一终端装置UE1执行的步骤。如图8所示，该通信装置800可以包括处理模块801和收发模块802。
其中，收发模块802可以用于接收至少一个终端装置的侧行同步信号块S-SSB，S-SSB指示所述终端装置的分组信息以及所述终端装置的同步信息。其中，所述分组信息为所述终端装置用于获取定时的分组信息，所述同步信息包括所述终端装置的定时。
处理模块801用于根据通信装置800的分组信息和所述至少一个终端装置的分组信息从所述至少一个终端装置中确定同步源。
处理模块801还用于根据所述同步源的同步信息获取定时。
在一种可能的实现方式中，同步源与所述通信装置800的分组信息相同。
在一种可能的实现方式中，同步源的参考信号接收功率高于预设阈值，并且所述同步源为与所述通信装置800的分组信息相同的至少一个终端装置中参考信号接收功率最高的。
在一种可能的实现方式中，分组信息是基于所述通信装置800的地理位置、业务类型、业务需求或数据传输类型等中至少一个确定的。
在一种可能的实现方式中，分组信息包括一个或多个分组标识信息。
在一种可能的实现方式中，通信装置800的分组信息是预配置的；或者，是根据接收来自网络装置或者其它终端装置的指示信息获取的。
在一种可能的实现方式中，同步源为与所述通信装置800的分组信息相同的多个终端装置中的中心节点。
在一种可能的实现方式中，若所述至少一个终端装置的分组信息与所述通信装置800的分组信息不相同，则所述同步源为所述至少一个终端装置中的中心节点。
在一种可能的实现方式中，收发模块802还用于接收第一指示信息，所述第一指示信息用于指示所述第二终端装置为中心节点或非中心节点。
在一种可能的实现方式中，第一指示信息承载于所述S-SSB中。
本申请实施例还提供一种通信装置，用于执行前述图5或图6所示的方法中第二终端装置UE2执行的步骤。如图8所示，该通信装置800可以包括处理模块801和收发模块802。
处理模块801用于生成侧行同步信号块S-SSB，所述S-SSB指示所述通信装置800的分组信息以及同步信息，其中，所述分组信息为所述通信装置800用于获取定时的分组信息，所述同步信息包括所述通信装置800的定时。
收发模块802用于向第一终端装置发送所述S-SSB。
在一种可能的实现方式中，收发模块802还用于向所述第一终端装置发送分组信息，所述分组信息用于指示所述第一终端装置获取定时的分组信息，或者，所述分组信息指示所述第一终端装置与所述通信装置800同组或者不同组。
在一种可能的实现方式中，收发模块802还用于向所述第一终端装置发送第一指示信息，所述第一指示信息用于指示所述通信装置800为中心节点或非中心节点。
在一种可能的实现方式中，分组信息或所述第一指示信息承载于所述S-SSB中。
在一种可能的实现方式中，分组信息包括一个或多个分组标识信息。
在一种可能的实现方式中，通信装置800的分组信息是预配置的；或者，是根据接收来自网络装置或者其它终端装置的指示信息获取的。
本申请实施例还提供一种通信装置，用于执行前述图5或图6所示的方法中网络装置执行的步骤。如图8所示，该通信装置800可以包括处理模块801和收发模块802。
其中，处理模块801用于确定第一终端装置进行侧行传输获取定时的分组信息。
收发模块802用于向所述第一终端装置发送所述分组信息，所述分组信息用于指示所述第一终端装置获取定时。
在一种可能的实现方式中，收发模块802还用于向所述第一终端装置发送第一指示信息，所述第一指示信息用于指示所述第二终端装置为中心节点或非中心节点。
在一种可能的实现方式中，分组信息包括一个或多个分组标识信息。
此外，本申请实施例还提供一种通信装置，用于执行前述图7所示的方法中第一终端装置UE1执行的步骤。如图8所示，该通信装置800可以包括处理模块801和收发模块802。
其中，收发模块802用于接收第二终端装置的侧行同步信号块S-SSB，所述S-SSB指示所述第二终端装置的同步信息，其中，所述同步信息包括所述第二终端装置的定时；所述S-SSB包括以下第二指示信息中的至少一种，所述第二指示信息指示所述第二终端装置对应的公共陆地移动网络PLMN的标识信息，或者指示所述PLMN对应的多个基站定时是否同步，或者，指示所述第二终端装置对应的基站或小区的标识信息。
处理模块801用于根据所述S-SSB确定同步源，根据所述同步源的同步信息获取定时。
在一种可能的实现方式中，若所述S-SSB指示所述第二终端装置同步至全球导 航卫星，则所述同步源为：所述全球导航卫星或者所述第二终端装置。
在一种可能的实现方式中，若所述第二指示信息还用于指示所述PLMN对应的多个基站是定时同步的，则所述同步源为：所述第二终端装置对应的基站，或者，所述PLMN对应的任一基站，或者，所述PLMN对应的多个基站中信号强度最大的基站，或者，所述第二终端装置。
在一种可能的实现方式中，若所述S-SSB指示所述第二终端装置同步至第一基站，则所述同步源为：所述第一基站或者所述第二终端装置。
在一种可能的实现方式中，第二终端装置为所述通信装置800与所述第二终端装置进行侧行传输的中心节点或者非中心节点。
在一种可能的实现方式中，收发模块还用于向所述第二终端装置发送第三指示信息，所述第三指示信息用于指示所述通信装置800确定的所述同步源。
本申请实施例还提供一种通信装置，用于执行前述图7所示的方法中第二终端装置UE2执行的步骤。如图8所示，该通信装置800可以包括处理模块801和收发模块802。
处理模块801用于生成侧行同步信号块S-SSB，所述S-SSB指示所述通信装置800的同步信息，其中，所述同步信息包括所述通信装置800的定时；所述S-SSB包括以下第二指示信息中的至少一种，所述第二指示信息指示所述通信装置800对应的公共陆地移动网络PLMN的标识信息，或者指示所述PLMN对应的多个基站定时是否同步，或者，指示所述通信装置800对应的基站或小区的标识信息。
收发模块802用于向第一终端装置发送所述S-SSB。
在一种可能的实现方式中，S-SSB还指示所述通信装置800同步至全球导航卫星。
在一种可能的实现方式中，S-SSB还指示所述通信装置800同步至第一基站。
在一种可能的实现方式中，通信装置800为所述第一终端装置与所述通信装置800进行侧行传输的中心节点或者非中心节点。
在一种可能的实现方式中，收发模块802还用于接收来自所述第一终端装置发送第三指示信息，所述第三指示信息用于指示所述第一终端装置确定的所述同步源。
在一个简单的实施例中，本领域的技术人员可以想到上述的通信装置800可以采用图4所示的形式。比如，图4中的处理器401可以通过调用存储器404中存储的计算机执行指令，使得通信装置800执行上述方法实施例中通信装置执行的所述的方法。
示例性的，图8中的收发模块802的功能/实现过程可以通过图4中的处理器401调用存储器404中存储的计算机执行指令来实现。或者，图8中的处理模块801的功能/实现过程可以通过图4中的处理器401调用存储器404中存储的计算机执行指令来实现，图8中的收发模块802的功能/实现过程可以通过图4中的通信接口403来实现。
需要说明的是，以上模块或单元的一个或多个可以软件、硬件或二者结合来实现。当以上任一模块或单元以软件实现的时候，所述软件以计算机程序指令的方式存在，并被存储在存储器中，处理器可以用于执行所述程序指令并实现以上方法流程。该处理器可以内置于SoC(片上系统)或ASIC，也可是一个独立的半导体芯片。该处理器 内处理用于执行软件指令以进行运算或处理的核外，还可进一步包括必要的硬件加速器，如现场可编程门阵列(field programmable gate array，FPGA)、PLD(可编程逻辑器件)、或者实现专用逻辑运算的逻辑电路。
当以上模块或单元以硬件实现的时候，该硬件可以是CPU、微处理器、数字信号处理(digital signal processing，DSP)芯片、微控制单元(microcontroller unit，MCU)、人工智能处理器、ASIC、SoC、FPGA、PLD、专用数字电路、硬件加速器或非集成的分立器件中的任一个或任一组合，其可以运行必要的软件或不依赖于软件以执行以上方法流程。
可选的，本申请实施例还提供了一种芯片系统，包括：至少一个处理器和接口，该至少一个处理器通过接口与存储器耦合，当该至少一个处理器执行存储器中的计算机程序或指令时，使得上述任一方法实施例中的方法被执行。在一种可能的实现方式中，该芯片系统还包括存储器。可选的，该芯片系统可以由芯片构成，也可以包含芯片和其他分立器件，本申请实施例对此不作具体限定。
可选的，本申请实施例还提供了一种计算机可读存储介质。上述方法实施例中的全部或者部分流程可以由计算机程序来指令相关的硬件完成，该程序可存储于上述计算机可读存储介质中，该程序在执行时，可包括如上述各方法实施例的流程。计算机可读存储介质可以是前述任一实施例的通信装置的内部存储单元，例如通信装置的硬盘或内存。上述计算机可读存储介质也可以是上述通信装置的外部存储设备，例如上述通信装置上配备的插接式硬盘，智能存储卡(smart media card，SMC)，安全数字(secure digital，SD)卡，闪存卡(flash card)等。进一步地，上述计算机可读存储介质还可以既包括上述通信装置的内部存储单元也包括外部存储设备。上述计算机可读存储介质用于存储上述计算机程序以及通信装置所需的其他程序和数据。上述计算机可读存储介质还可以用于暂时地存储已经输出或者将要输出的数据。
可选的，本申请实施例还提供了一种计算机程序产品。上述方法实施例中的全部或者部分流程可以由计算机程序来指令相关的硬件完成，该程序可存储于上述计算机程序产品中，该程序在执行时，可包括如上述各方法实施例的流程。
可选的本申请实施例还提供了一种计算机指令。上述方法实施例中的全部或者部分流程可以由计算机指令来指令相关的硬件(如计算机、处理器、接入网设备、移动性管理网元或会话管理网元等)完成。该程序可被存储于上述计算机可读存储介质中或上述计算机程序产品中。
通过以上的实施方式的描述，所属领域的技术人员可以清楚地了解到，为描述的方便和简洁，仅以上述各功能模块的划分进行举例说明，实际应用中，可以根据需要而将上述功能分配由不同的功能模块完成，即将装置的内部结构划分成不同的功能模块，以完成以上描述的全部或者部分功能。
在本申请所提供的几个实施例中，应该理解到，所揭露的装置和方法，可以通过其它的方式实现。例如，以上所描述的装置实施例仅仅是示意性的，例如，所述模块或单元的划分，仅仅为一种逻辑功能划分，实际实现时可以有另外的划分方式，例如多个单元或组件可以结合或者可以集成到另一个装置，或一些特征可以忽略，或不执行。另一点，所显示或讨论的相互之间的耦合或直接耦合或通信连接可以是通过一些 接口，装置或单元的间接耦合或通信连接，可以是电性，机械或其它的形式。
所述作为分离部件说明的单元可以是或者也可以不是物理上分开的，作为单元显示的部件可以是一个物理单元或多个物理单元，即可以位于一个地方，或者也可以分布到多个不同地方。可以根据实际的需要选择其中的部分或者全部单元来实现本实施例方案的目的。
另外，在本申请各个实施例中的各功能单元可以集成在一个处理单元中，也可以是各个单元单独物理存在，也可以两个或两个以上单元集成在一个单元中。上述集成的单元既可以采用硬件的形式实现，也可以采用软件功能单元的形式实现。
可以理解的，本申请实施例中同一个步骤或者具有相同功能的步骤或者消息在不同实施例之间可以互相参考借鉴。
最后应说明的是：以上所述，仅为本申请的具体实施方式，但本申请的保护范围并不局限于此，任何在本申请揭露的技术范围内的变化或替换，都应涵盖在本申请的保护范围之内。因此，本申请的保护范围应以所述权利要求的保护范围为准。

Claims (41)

  1. 一种基于分组的侧行同步方法，其特征在于，应用于第一终端装置，所述方法包括：
    接收至少一个终端装置的侧行同步信号块S-SSB，所述S-SSB指示所述终端装置的分组信息以及所述终端装置的同步信息，其中，所述分组信息为所述终端装置用于获取定时的分组信息，所述同步信息包括所述终端装置的定时；
    根据所述第一终端装置的分组信息和所述至少一个终端装置的分组信息从所述至少一个终端装置中确定同步源；
    根据所述同步源的同步信息获取定时。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，所述同步源与所述第一终端装置的分组信息相同。
  3. 根据权利要求1或2所述的方法，其特征在于，所述同步源的参考信号接收功率高于预设阈值，并且所述同步源为与所述第一终端装置的分组信息相同的至少一个终端装置中参考信号接收功率最高的。
  4. 根据权利要求1-3任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述分组信息是基于所述第一终端装置的地理位置、业务类型、业务需求或数据传输类型等中至少一个确定的。
  5. 根据权利要求1-4任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述分组信息包括一个或多个分组标识信息。
  6. 根据权利要求1-5任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一终端装置的分组信息是预配置的；或者，是根据接收来自网络装置或者其它终端装置的指示信息获取的。
  7. 根据权利要求1-6任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述同步源为与所述第一终端装置的分组信息相同的多个终端装置中的中心节点。
  8. 根据权利要求1-7任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，若所述至少一个终端装置的分组信息与所述第一终端装置的分组信息不相同，则所述同步源为所述至少一个终端装置中的中心节点。
  9. 根据权利要求1-8任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    接收第一指示信息，所述第一指示信息用于指示第二终端装置为中心节点或非中心节点。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一指示信息承载于所述S-SSB中。
  11. 一种基于分组的侧行同步方法，其特征在于，应用于第二终端装置，所述方法包括：
    生成侧行同步信号块S-SSB，所述S-SSB指示所述第二终端装置的分组信息以及同步信息，其中，所述分组信息为所述第二终端装置用于获取定时的分组信息，所述同步信息包括所述第二终端装置的定时；
    向第一终端装置发送所述S-SSB。
  12. 根据权利要求11所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    向所述第一终端装置发送分组信息，所述分组信息用于指示所述第一终端装置获取定时的分组信息，或者，所述分组信息指示所述第一终端装置与所述第二终端装置同组或者不同组。
  13. 根据权利要求11或12所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    向所述第一终端装置发送第一指示信息，所述第一指示信息用于指示所述第二终端装置为中心节点或非中心节点。
  14. 根据权利要求12或13所述的方法，其特征在于，所述分组信息或所述第一指示信息承载于所述S-SSB中。
  15. 根据权利要求11-14任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述分组信息包括一个或多个分组标识信息。
  16. 根据权利要求11-15任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第二终端装置的分组信息是预配置的；或者，是根据接收来自网络装置或者其它终端装置的指示信息获取的。
  17. 一种基于分组的侧行同步方法，其特征在于，应用于网络装置，所述方法包括：
    确定第一终端装置进行侧行传输获取定时的分组信息；
    向所述第一终端装置发送所述分组信息，所述分组信息用于指示所述第一终端装置获取定时。
  18. 根据权利要求17所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    向所述第一终端装置发送第一指示信息，所述第一指示信息用于指示所述第二终端装置为中心节点或非中心节点。
  19. 根据权利要求17或18所述的方法，其特征在于，所述分组信息包括一个或多个分组标识信息。
  20. 一种通信装置，其特征在于，所述通信装置包括：
    收发模块，用于接收至少一个终端装置的侧行同步信号块S-SSB，所述S-SSB指示所述终端装置的分组信息以及所述终端装置的同步信息，其中，所述分组信息为所述终端装置用于获取定时的分组信息，所述同步信息包括所述终端装置的定时；
    处理模块，用于根据所述通信装置的分组信息和所述至少一个终端装置的分组信息从所述至少一个终端装置中确定同步源；根据所述同步源的同步信息获取定时。
  21. 根据权利要求20所述的装置，其特征在于，所述同步源与所述通信装置的分组信息相同。
  22. 根据权利要求20或21所述的装置，其特征在于，所述同步源的参考信号接收功率高于预设阈值，并且所述同步源为与所述通信装置的分组信息相同的至少一个终端装置中参考信号接收功率最高的。
  23. 根据权利要求20-22任一项所述的装置，其特征在于，所述分组信息是基于所述通信装置的地理位置、业务类型、业务需求或数据传输类型等中至少一个确定的。
  24. 根据权利要求20-23任一项所述的装置，其特征在于，所述分组信息包括一个或多个分组标识信息。
  25. 根据权利要求20-24任一项所述的装置，其特征在于，所述通信装置的分组信息是预配置的；或者，是根据接收来自网络装置或者其它终端装置的指示信息获取的。
  26. 根据权利要求20-25任一项所述的装置，其特征在于，所述同步源为与所述通信装置的分组信息相同的多个终端装置中的中心节点。
  27. 根据权利要求20-26任一项所述的装置，其特征在于，若所述至少一个终端装置的分组信息与所述通信装置的分组信息不相同，则所述同步源为所述至少一个终端装置中的中心节点。
  28. 根据权利要求20-27任一项所述的装置，其特征在于，所述收发模块还用于接收第一指示信息，所述第一指示信息用于指示第二终端装置为中心节点或非中心节点。
  29. 根据权利要求28所述的装置，其特征在于，所述第一指示信息承载于所述S-SSB中。
  30. 一种通信装置，其特征在于，所述通信装置包括：
    处理模块，用于生成侧行同步信号块S-SSB，所述S-SSB指示所述通信装置的分组信息以及同步信息，其中，所述分组信息为所述通信装置用于获取定时的分组信息，所述同步信息包括所述通信装置的定时；
    收发模块，用于向第一终端装置发送所述S-SSB。
  31. 根据权利要求30所述的装置，其特征在于，所述收发模块还用于向所述第一终端装置发送分组信息，所述分组信息用于指示所述第一终端装置获取定时的分组信息，或者，所述分组信息指示所述第一终端装置与所述通信装置同组或者不同组。
  32. 根据权利要求30或31所述的装置，其特征在于，所述收发模块还用于向所述第一终端装置发送第一指示信息，所述第一指示信息用于指示所述通信装置为中心节点或非中心节点。
  33. 根据权利要求31或32所述的装置，其特征在于，所述分组信息或所述第一指示信息承载于所述S-SSB中。
  34. 根据权利要求30-33任一项所述的装置，其特征在于，所述分组信息包括一个或多个分组标识信息。
  35. 根据权利要求30-34任一项所述的装置，其特征在于，所述通信装置的分组信息是预配置的；或者，是根据接收来自网络装置或者其它终端装置的指示信息获取的。
  36. 一种通信装置，其特征在于，所述通信装置包括：
    处理模块，用于确定第一终端装置进行侧行传输获取定时的分组信息；
    收发模块，用于向所述第一终端装置发送所述分组信息，所述分组信息用于指示所述第一终端装置获取定时。
  37. 根据权利要求36所述的装置，其特征在于，所述收发模块还用于向所述第一终端装置发送第一指示信息，所述第一指示信息用于指示所述第二终端装置为中心节点或非中心节点。
  38. 根据权利要求36或37所述的装置，其特征在于，所述分组信息包括一个或 多个分组标识信息。
  39. 一种通信装置，其特征在于，所述通信装置包括处理器与传输接口；
    其中，所述处理器被配置为执行存储在存储器中的指令，以使得所述装置执行如权利要求1至19中任一项所述的方法。
  40. 一种计算机可读存储介质，其特征在于，包括程序或指令，当所述程序或指令被处理器运行时，如权利要求1至19中任意一项所述的方法被执行。
  41. 一种计算机程序产品，其特征在于，当所述计算机程序产品在计算机或处理器上运行时，使得所述计算机或所述处理器执行如权利要求1至19中任一项所述的方法。
PCT/CN2023/088707 2022-04-29 2023-04-17 一种基于分组的侧行同步方法及装置 WO2023207653A1 (zh)

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