WO2023207414A1 - 电池加热方法、装置、用电设备及存储介质 - Google Patents

电池加热方法、装置、用电设备及存储介质 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023207414A1
WO2023207414A1 PCT/CN2023/082266 CN2023082266W WO2023207414A1 WO 2023207414 A1 WO2023207414 A1 WO 2023207414A1 CN 2023082266 W CN2023082266 W CN 2023082266W WO 2023207414 A1 WO2023207414 A1 WO 2023207414A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
battery
heating
self
preset
temperature
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PCT/CN2023/082266
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
李占良
颜昱
赵元淼
但志敏
陈新伟
Original Assignee
宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司
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Publication of WO2023207414A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023207414A1/zh

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Classifications

    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/61Types of temperature control
    • H01M10/615Heating or keeping warm
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/48Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte
    • H01M10/486Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte for measuring temperature
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/62Heating or cooling; Temperature control specially adapted for specific applications
    • H01M10/625Vehicles
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/63Control systems
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10Energy storage using batteries

Definitions

  • This application relates to the field of batteries, and specifically to a battery heating method, device, electrical equipment and storage medium.
  • the self-heating function refers to a mechanism by which the power battery system can automatically heat the battery through the circuit between the battery and the motor when the vehicle's ambient temperature is low.
  • this application provides a battery heating method, device, electrical equipment and storage medium, which can control the power battery system to self-heat the battery in time before the user uses it, saving the user the time of waiting for the battery to be heated.
  • this application provides a battery heating method, including:
  • the reservation startup instruction at least includes the reservation usage time
  • the power battery system is controlled in time to self-heat the battery in advance. In this way, when the user gets in the car or inserts a gun for charging, the power battery system has been completed. The battery self-heats, causing the battery temperature to rise to a suitable range. The discharge power of the battery can reach the required maximum power. The user can use the vehicle at will, or use a larger current to quickly charge the battery.
  • the user does not need to operate in a colder environment. Waiting for a long time in the environment (battery self-heating time) greatly improves the user's car experience. And when controlling the power battery system to perform battery self-heating in advance, the power battery system can be controlled to perform battery self-heating according to the reservation time and predicted maximum time, making the start-up self-heating time more flexible.
  • controlling the power battery system to perform battery self-heating based on the reservation duration and the predicted maximum duration includes: determining whether the reservation duration is greater than the predicted maximum duration; if so, after the reservation duration After the difference between the time duration and the predicted maximum time duration, the power battery system is controlled to perform battery self-heating based on the predicted maximum time duration.
  • battery self-heating based on the predicted maximum duration can not only achieve the purpose of battery self-heating, but also reduce resource waste, reduce the impact of battery self-heating on cell performance, reduce lithium deposition, and reduce self-heating costs.
  • determining that the power battery system meets the preset hot start conditions at the current moment includes: determining that the current battery temperature of the battery meets the preset temperature range; determining that the current capacity of the battery is greater than or equal to the preset battery threshold; determining that the motor Currently at rest and without glitches. In this way, confirming that the power battery system meets the preset hot start conditions can effectively reduce the damage to components and ineffective heating caused by forcibly starting the battery self-heating function when the battery parameters and motor parameters do not meet the hot start conditions. Phenomenon.
  • determining that the battery temperature at the current moment complies with the preset temperature range includes: determining that the battery temperature at the current moment is less than a first preset temperature threshold and greater than a second preset temperature threshold; The temperature threshold is determined based on the lithium evolution temperature of the battery. In this way, the phenomenon of heating the battery at extremely low temperatures, which in turn causes the precipitation of lithium atoms, can be further reduced. born.
  • determining the predicted maximum time required for the power battery system to complete battery self-heating includes: based on the current temperature of the battery and the preset target temperature, searching a preset heating table, and determining to heat the battery from the current temperature to The predicted maximum duration required to preset the target temperature; the preset heating table at least records the corresponding relationship between the current temperature, the preset target temperature and the predicted maximum duration.
  • the preset heating table can be searched based on the current temperature of the battery and the preset target temperature to quickly determine the predicted maximum time required to heat the battery from the current temperature to the preset target temperature, which can effectively shorten the determination time of the predicted maximum time. , not only can it improve the response time of the program and quickly respond to the reservation start command of the user terminal, it can also have more time for battery self-heating when the reservation time is short.
  • determining the predicted maximum time required for the power battery system to complete battery self-heating includes: determining the current frequency range for the power battery system to perform self-heating based on the current temperature of the battery and the preset target temperature; According to the current frequency range, calculate the predicted maximum time required to heat the battery from the current temperature to the preset target temperature. In this way, the current power range and the predicted maximum time can be determined through analysis and calculation.
  • the method further includes: determining the minimum time required for the power battery system to complete battery self-heating, and determining whether the scheduled time is is less than the predicted minimum duration; if so, feedback information of insufficient preheating time to the user terminal, so as to promptly remind the user when the preheating time is insufficient, and the user can postpone the car reservation time after receiving the feedback to Reduce the occurrence of battery failure to start when using the car.
  • controlling the power battery system to perform battery self-heating after the difference between the reserved time and the predicted maximum time includes: after the difference, based on the current temperature of the battery, The preset target temperature and the predicted maximum duration determine the target current frequency for self-heating of the battery; the target current frequency is the maximum current frequency that meets the temperature rise condition; the battery self-heating is performed based on the target current frequency to achieve control.
  • the power battery system described above performs battery self-heating based on the predicted maximum duration.
  • the method further includes: based on the current temperature of the battery, the preset target temperature and the predicted maximum duration, re-determining the preset temperature every preset time or predicted temperature rise.
  • the target current frequency when the battery is self-heating is re-determined based on the current temperature of the battery, so as to achieve the purpose of updating the target current frequency based on the predicted maximum duration.
  • controlling the power battery system to perform battery self-heating based on the reservation duration and the predicted maximum duration includes: determining whether the reservation duration is greater than the predicted maximum duration; if not, immediately controlling the power battery The system performs battery self-heating. In this way, if the reservation time is less than or equal to the predicted maximum time, the power battery system will be immediately controlled to perform battery self-heating, and more time can be used to heat the battery more slowly to achieve a more ideal heating effect, such as reducing the amount of energy generated. The possibility of lithium precipitation.
  • immediately controlling the power battery system to perform battery self-heating includes: determining a target current frequency for battery self-heating based on the current temperature of the battery, a preset target temperature, and the reservation time; the target current frequency satisfies The maximum current frequency of the temperature rise condition; controlling the power battery system to perform battery self-heating based on the target current frequency, so as to control the power battery system to perform battery self-heating based on the predicted reservation time.
  • the method further includes: based on the current temperature of the battery, the preset target temperature and the reservation time, re-determining the target current when the battery is self-heating every preset time or predicted temperature rise to the preset temperature. Frequency; control the power battery system to perform battery self-heating based on the latest determined target current frequency. In this way, every preset time or predicted temperature rise, based on the current temperature of the battery, the target current frequency when the battery is self-heating is re-determined to achieve the purpose of updating the target current frequency based on the predicted maximum duration.
  • the method further includes: determining whether the power battery system has completed battery self-heating; if so, detecting the actual temperature of the battery after the power battery system has completed battery self-heating. temperature, and determine whether the actual temperature is greater than or equal to the preset target temperature; if so, send battery preheating completion information to the user terminal; if not, control the power battery system to continue battery self-heating. In this way, it is ensured that the battery self-heating process is indeed completed, and the heating is ended prematurely due to accidental touch or other reasons, or the heating result is not ideal and the battery self-heating cannot be accurately realized.
  • the power battery system includes parallel batteries, an inverter, a charging and discharging Electrical switching circuit, and motors respectively connected to each phase bridge arm of the inverter and the charge and discharge switching circuit; and a switching circuit is provided between the battery and the inverter; controlling the power battery Before the system performs battery self-heating, it also includes: controlling the switch circuit to conduct, so that the power battery system provides a preset high voltage for electrical equipment; the electrical equipment uses the power battery system to provide power to achieve High-voltage process on the entire vehicle.
  • the switch circuit includes a first switch, a second switch, a third switch and a first resistor; the first switch is disposed between the battery and the upper arm of the inverter; The second switch and the third switch are connected in parallel and are both arranged between the battery and the lower arm of the inverter; the first resistor is connected in series with the third switch and connected with the second The switches are connected in parallel; controlling the switch circuit to be turned on so that the power battery system provides a preset high voltage for electrical equipment includes: controlling both the first switch and the third switch to be turned on so that the second switch The difference between the first voltage close to the battery side and the second voltage close to the motor side is less than the preset voltage difference; the second switch is controlled to be turned on and the third switch is turned off, so that the power battery system is The electrical equipment provides a preset high voltage to control the high voltage process of the power battery system on the entire vehicle through the switching circuit.
  • the switch circuit further includes a fourth switch, which is disposed between the motor and the charge and discharge switching circuit; after controlling the power battery system to perform battery self-heating, it also includes : Detect whether a short circuit occurs in the charging and discharging switching circuit; if so, control the fourth switch to turn off. It can reduce the possibility of short circuit between the motor center line and the positive or negative pole of the battery, so that the three-phase bridge arm of the inverter and the three-phase winding of the motor can still maintain driving, further reducing the possibility of power loss.
  • this application provides a battery heating method, including:
  • the reservation startup instruction at least includes the reservation usage time
  • the quick hot start command is sent to the battery manager and the motor controller; the quick hot start command at least includes the reserved use time.
  • the method before sending the quick hot start command to the battery manager and the motor controller, the method further includes: sending a high voltage command to the battery manager so that the battery manager controls the power battery system. Provide a preset high voltage for the electrical equipment.
  • this application provides a battery heating method, including:
  • the power battery system is controlled to perform battery self-heating.
  • controlling the power battery system to perform battery self-heating based on the reservation duration and the predicted maximum duration includes: determining whether the reservation duration is greater than the predicted maximum duration; if so, after the reservation duration After the difference between the time duration and the predicted maximum time duration, the power battery system is controlled to perform battery self-heating.
  • determining that the battery parameters at the current moment meet the preset hot start conditions includes: determining that the current battery temperature of the battery meets the preset temperature range; determining that the current capacity of the battery is greater than or equal to the preset battery threshold.
  • determining the predicted maximum time required for the power battery system to complete battery self-heating based on the current temperature of the battery and the preset target temperature includes: based on the current temperature of the battery and the preset target temperature, finding the preset The heating table determines the maximum time required to heat the battery from the current temperature to the preset target temperature; the preset heating table at least records the corresponding relationship between the current temperature, the preset target temperature and the predicted maximum time.
  • determining the predicted maximum time required for the power battery system to complete battery self-heating based on the current temperature of the battery and the preset target temperature includes: determining the power battery based on the current temperature of the battery and the preset target temperature. The current frequency range in which the system performs self-heating; base Within the current frequency range, the predicted maximum time required to heat the battery from the current temperature to the preset target temperature is calculated.
  • the method further includes: determining the predicted minimum time required for the power battery system to complete battery self-heating, and determining whether the scheduled time is less than the predicted time. The predicted minimum length of time is specified; if so, information about insufficient preheating time is fed back to the vehicle controller.
  • the power battery system after controlling the power battery system to perform battery self-heating, it further includes: determining whether the power battery system has completed the battery self-heating process; if so, detecting that the power battery system has completed the battery self-heating process. The actual temperature of the battery is determined, and whether the actual temperature is greater than or equal to the preset target temperature; if so, battery preheating completion information is sent to the vehicle controller; if not, the power battery system is controlled to continue battery self-starting. heating process.
  • the method before controlling the power battery system to perform battery self-heating, the method further includes: receiving a high-voltage instruction sent by the vehicle controller, and controlling the power battery system to provide a preset high voltage for the electrical equipment; The equipment is powered by the power battery system.
  • the power battery system includes a parallel battery, an inverter, a charge-discharge switching circuit, and a motor connected to each phase bridge arm of the inverter and the charge-discharge switching circuit respectively; and A switch circuit is provided between the battery and the inverter; controlling the power battery system to provide a preset high voltage for electrical equipment includes: controlling the switch circuit to conduct so that the power battery system is the Electrical equipment provides preset high voltage.
  • the switch circuit includes a first switch, a second switch, a third switch and a first resistor; the first switch is disposed between the battery and the upper arm of the inverter; The second switch and the third switch are connected in parallel and are both arranged between the battery and the lower arm of the inverter; the first resistor is connected in series with the third switch and is connected with the second The switches are connected in parallel; controlling the switch circuit to be turned on so that the power battery system provides a preset high voltage for the electrical equipment includes: controlling both the first switch and the third switch to be turned on so that all The difference between the first voltage on the battery side of the second switch and the second voltage on the motor side is less than the preset voltage difference; controlling the second switch to turn on and the third switch to turn off is the Electrical equipment provides preset high voltage.
  • controlling the power battery system to perform battery self-heating includes: after the difference time period, determining the target current frequency for the battery to self-heat based on the current temperature of the battery, the preset target temperature and the predicted maximum time period; the target The current frequency is the maximum current frequency that meets the temperature rise condition; the power battery system is controlled to perform battery self-heating based on the target current frequency.
  • the method further includes: based on the current temperature of the battery, the preset target temperature and the predicted maximum duration, re-determining the target when the battery is self-heating every preset time or predicted temperature rise to the preset temperature. Current frequency; controlling the power battery system to perform battery self-heating based on the latest determined target current frequency.
  • controlling the power battery system to perform battery self-heating based on the reservation duration and the predicted maximum duration includes: determining whether the reservation duration is greater than the predicted maximum duration; if not, immediately controlling the power battery The system performs battery self-heating.
  • immediately controlling the power battery system to perform battery self-heating includes: immediately determining the target current frequency for battery self-heating based on the current temperature of the battery, the preset target temperature and the reservation time; the target current frequency is to meet the temperature requirements. The maximum current frequency under the above conditions is controlled; the power battery system is controlled to perform battery self-heating based on the target current frequency.
  • this application provides a battery heating device, including:
  • the instruction receiving module is used to receive the reservation startup instruction sent by the user terminal; the reservation startup instruction at least includes the reservation usage time;
  • the condition determination module is used to determine that the power battery system meets the preset fast hot start conditions at the current moment
  • the duration determination module is used to determine the predicted maximum duration required for the power battery system to complete battery self-heating, and the scheduled duration from the current moment to the scheduled usage time;
  • a heating start module is used to control the power battery system to perform battery self-heating according to the reservation time and the predicted maximum time.
  • the present application provides electrical equipment, including a power battery system, and the battery heating device described in the fourth aspect.
  • the present application provides an electronic device, including a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored on the memory and executable on the processor.
  • the processor runs the computer program to implement the following: The method mentioned in any one of the first aspect, the second aspect and the third aspect Law.
  • the present application provides a computer-readable storage medium on which a computer program is stored, and the program is executed by a processor to implement the method described in any one of the first aspect, the second aspect, and the third aspect. .
  • Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a vehicle according to one or more embodiments
  • Figure 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a power battery system according to one or more embodiments
  • FIG. 3 is an application schematic diagram of a control module provided according to one or more embodiments.
  • Figure 4 is a schematic flow chart of a battery heating method according to one or more embodiments.
  • Figure 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a power battery system including a switching circuit according to one or more embodiments
  • Figure 6 is a schematic flow chart of another battery heating method according to one or more embodiments.
  • Figure 7 is a schematic flow chart of another battery heating method according to one or more embodiments.
  • Figure 8 is a schematic flow chart of another battery heating method according to one or more embodiments.
  • Figure 9 is a schematic structural diagram of a battery heating device according to one or more embodiments.
  • an embodiment means that a particular feature, structure or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment can be included in at least one embodiment of the present application.
  • the appearances of this phrase in various places in the specification are not necessarily all referring to the same embodiment, nor are separate or alternative embodiments mutually exclusive of other embodiments. Those skilled in the art understand, both explicitly and implicitly, that the embodiments described herein may be combined with other embodiments.
  • multiple refers to more than two (including two).
  • multiple groups refers to two or more groups (including two groups), and “multiple pieces” refers to It is more than two pieces (including two pieces).
  • Power batteries are not only used in energy storage power systems such as hydropower, thermal power, wind power and solar power stations, but are also widely used in electric vehicles such as electric bicycles, electric motorcycles and electric cars, as well as in many fields such as military equipment and aerospace. . As the application fields of power batteries continue to expand, their market demand is also constantly expanding.
  • the self-heating function refers to a mechanism by which the power battery system can automatically heat the battery through the circuit between the battery and the motor when the vehicle's ambient temperature is low.
  • users find that the car cannot start after getting in the car, they turn on the self-heating function of the power battery so that the power battery system can self-heat the battery.
  • the user terminal may display insufficient remaining power.
  • the user needs to Arrive at the vehicle location and charge the gun.
  • the battery temperature may be extremely low (for example, below -20°C), and the battery cannot be charged directly (lithium precipitation in the battery may easily occur); or when the temperature is low (for example, -5°C), the battery may be directly charged.
  • Fast charging with high power current is prone to lithium precipitation, so the battery self-heating function needs to be activated first to increase the battery temperature before fast charging with high power current.
  • Self-heating of the power battery requires a certain amount of time to reach the target temperature, which is the normal operating temperature, which can usually be zero degrees. In this way, users need to wait for a long time in a cold environment, that is, the battery self-heating time, which also greatly reduces the user's satisfaction with the car experience.
  • embodiments of the present application provide a battery heating method. After receiving the scheduled start command sent by the user terminal and determining that the battery and motor meet the conditions for quick hot start, based on the scheduled use time and the predicted maximum time required for the power battery system to complete battery self-heating, the user gets on the car or uses an external Before charging equipment (such as charging piles) charges the battery, the power battery system is promptly controlled to self-heat the battery in advance.
  • the battery heating method After receiving the scheduled start instruction including the scheduled use time sent by the user terminal, it is first determined whether the battery and motor meet the fast hot start conditions. If the fast hot start conditions are met, Before the user gets in the car or uses external charging equipment (such as a charging pile) to charge the battery, the power battery system can be controlled in time to self-heat the battery in advance. In this way, when the user gets in the car or plugs in a gun for charging, the power battery system The battery self-heating has been completed, so that the battery temperature rises to a suitable range. The discharge power of the battery can reach the required maximum power. The user can use the vehicle at will or use a larger current to quickly charge the battery without having to operate it in cold weather.
  • the power battery system can be controlled to perform battery self-heating according to the reservation time and predicted maximum time, making the start-up self-heating time more flexible.
  • the power battery system when controlling the power battery system to perform battery self-heating in advance, you can first determine the predicted maximum time required for the power battery system to complete battery self-heating based on the current temperature of the battery and the preset target temperature, as well as the current time to scheduled use. The reservation duration of the time is compared to see whether the reservation duration is greater than the predicted maximum duration. If the reservation time is longer than the predicted maximum time, it means that there is enough time for the battery to self-heat. If the battery is heated directly at this time, the battery may be in a low temperature state when the user is using the car. Either the purpose of advance heating will not be achieved, or the battery will cycle. heating, resulting in a waste of resources.
  • the difference between the reservation duration and the predicted maximum duration can be calculated, and when the difference After a long time, the power battery system is controlled to perform battery self-heating. This can not only achieve the purpose of battery self-heating, but also reduce resource waste and reduce battery self-heating costs. If the reservation time is less than or equal to the predicted maximum time, it means that there is not enough time for battery self-heating, and the power battery system needs to be controlled immediately for battery self-heating. In this way, more time can be used to allow the battery to heat up more slowly, which can be achieved A more ideal heating effect, for example, can help solve the problem of lithium deposition in batteries.
  • the battery heating method disclosed in the embodiment of the present application can be, but is not limited to, applied to electrical equipment such as vehicles, ships, or aircrafts.
  • the electrical equipment performs the battery heating method disclosed in this application, or uses the battery heating device provided by this application that can perform the battery heating method.
  • the power battery system has completed battery self-heating, even if It can also be started directly in a lower-temperature external environment. Users do not need to wait for a long time in a colder environment, which greatly improves user experience satisfaction.
  • Embodiments of the present application provide an electrical device that applies the battery heating method.
  • the electrical device may be, but is not limited to, electric vehicles, ships, spacecrafts, electric toys, electric tools, battery cars, and the like.
  • electric toys can include fixed or mobile electric toys, such as game consoles, electric car toys, electric ship toys, electric airplane toys, etc.
  • spacecraft can include airplanes, rockets, space shuttles, spaceships, etc.
  • an electrical device is a vehicle 1000 as an example.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a vehicle 1000 provided by some embodiments of the present application.
  • the vehicle 1000 may be a new energy vehicle including a power battery system, and the new energy vehicle may be a pure electric vehicle, a hybrid vehicle, an extended-range vehicle, etc.
  • the power battery system provided inside the vehicle 1000 may include a battery 100, an inverter 200, and a motor 300.
  • the battery 100 converts electrical energy into mechanical energy through the inverter 200, and serves not only as an operating power source for the vehicle 1000, but also as a driving power source for the vehicle 1000. , replacing or partially replacing fuel or natural gas to provide driving power for the vehicle 1000 .
  • FIG 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a power battery system provided by some embodiments of the present application.
  • the power battery system may also include a charge and discharge switching circuit.
  • the inverter is connected to the battery, which may include an M-phase bridge arm circuit (which may be but is not limited to three phases in the figure), and the bridge arm circuit is connected in parallel with the battery.
  • the motor may include a motor with M windings, and the M windings are respectively connected to the M-phase bridge arms of the bridge arm circuit in one-to-one correspondence.
  • Charge and discharge switching circuit, bridge arm circuit and motor The center lines are connected respectively.
  • the battery and inverter By controlling the upper arm (or lower arm) of the three-phase bridge arm in the bridge arm circuit and the lower bridge arm (or upper arm) of the charge and discharge switching circuit, the battery and inverter are turned on.
  • the device, charge and discharge switching circuit and motor form an alternating switching charging loop and a discharging loop, so as to realize the self-heating of the battery by charging and discharging the battery pack, that is, to realize the pulse rapid heating function of the battery.
  • the charging and discharging switching circuit shown in FIG. 2 is only one implementation of this embodiment, and this embodiment is not limited thereto, as long as an alternate switching charging and discharging circuit can be realized.
  • it may also include M phase bridge arms, in which the M upper bridge arms are respectively connected to the M lower bridge arms of the inverter, so that the battery, inverter, motor and charge and discharge switching circuit form a charging loop; and the charging and discharging The M lower bridge arms of the switching circuit are respectively connected to the M upper bridge arms of the inverter, so that the battery, inverter, motor and charge and discharge switching circuit form a discharge loop.
  • the vehicle 1000 may also include a control module, which can be connected to the vehicle cloud platform, and can be connected to the vehicle owner APP through the vehicle cloud platform, so that instructions issued by the vehicle owner APP can be received.
  • the control module can also directly communicate with the car owner's APP at a short distance, as long as it can receive the instructions issued by the car owner's APP.
  • the control module can be integrated on one or several domain controllers, and can also include vehicle controller VCU, battery manager BMS and motor controller MCU.
  • the vehicle controller VCU is used for vehicle control and can connect and communicate with other internal controllers and external devices (such as vehicle cloud platforms and car owner APPs).
  • the battery manager BMS can be used to control the battery of the power battery system and detect the battery status.
  • the motor controller MCU can be used to control the motor and inverter of the power battery system and can be used to detect the status of the motor and inverter.
  • CAN communication can be established between the vehicle controller VCU, battery manager BMS and motor controller MCU through the bus.
  • the car owner APP communicates with the vehicle cloud platform and control module through a wireless network, or the car owner APP communicates with the control module at short distances through Bluetooth or other methods.
  • the battery heating method provided in this application can be executed using the control module, but is not limited to using a domain controller. It can also be executed step by step using the vehicle controller VCU, battery manager BMS and motor controller MCU, as long as the battery heating method can be realized. Yes, this application does not specifically limit this.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic flow chart of a battery heating method provided by some embodiments of the present application.
  • the battery heating method may include the following steps:
  • Step S11 Receive the reservation start instruction sent by the user terminal.
  • the user terminal can be understood as the carrier device of the above-mentioned car owner APP, such as a mobile phone, a tablet computer or a high-end intelligent mobile terminal, or it can also be a remote control device with Bluetooth function, which is not specifically limited in this embodiment.
  • the reservation start instruction sent by the user may be received directly, or may be received through the vehicle cloud platform or other intermediate network platform, and this embodiment does not specifically limit this.
  • the reservation start instruction may at least include the reserved usage time, such as using the car after a period of time (a can be a positive number representing any duration, such as hours or minutes), or using the car at time b (b can be any data representing time) , such as what time and minutes).
  • a can be a positive number representing any duration, such as hours or minutes
  • b can be any data representing time
  • Step S12 It is determined that the power battery system meets the preset hot start conditions at the current moment.
  • the power battery system needs to meet the preset rapid heating start conditions if the battery parameters meet certain conditions, the motor parameters also meet certain conditions, and the motor system is fault-free.
  • the motor system can be understood as the overall circuit system including the motor and the inverter, and the battery parameters can include the battery temperature. When the battery power is extremely low, its power may not be enough to sustain self-heating, so the battery parameters may also include battery power.
  • the motor parameters may include parameters such as motor torque, speed, current, etc. that represent the status of the motor, as well as parameters indicating whether the motor is faulty. Parameters can indicate whether the inverter is faulty.
  • the rapid heating start conditions may include that the current battery temperature of the battery meets the preset temperature range, the current capacity of the battery is greater than or equal to the preset battery threshold, and the motor is currently in a stationary state and has no faults.
  • the preset temperature range can be understood as the temperature range in which battery heating is required, such as less than zero degrees, or slightly greater or slightly less than zero degrees, which is not specifically limited in this embodiment.
  • the power battery system After it is determined that the power battery system meets the preset fast hot start conditions as above, it can effectively reduce the damage to components and ineffective heating caused by forcibly starting the battery self-heating function when the battery parameters and motor parameters do not meet the fast hot start conditions. and other phenomena.
  • the charging principle is that the Li+ in the positive electrode moves to the negative electrode, and combines with the electrons e- in the negative electrode to form Li atoms, which are embedded in the graphite porous structure of the negative electrode.
  • the speed at which Li atoms are embedded into graphite is affected by temperature. The lower the temperature, the slower the insertion speed.
  • too much Li+ moves to the negative electrode within a period of time, and all the formed Li atoms cannot be embedded into graphite, they will Lithium atoms are formed on the surface of graphite, and these lithium atoms are the precipitated lithium.
  • the battery temperature at the current moment when it is determined that the battery temperature at the current moment meets the preset temperature range, it can be determined that the battery temperature at the current moment is less than the first preset temperature threshold (usually 0, or slightly larger or slightly smaller than 0), and is greater than
  • the second preset temperature threshold is determined according to the lithium evolution temperature of the battery. This embodiment does not specifically limit this, and may be -30°C, -20°C, etc., for example.
  • the preset battery threshold can be understood as the power threshold that can support the power battery system to perform pulse rapid heating, which is not specifically limited in this embodiment.
  • SOC State of charge
  • SOC can be used to express it.
  • This embodiment does not specifically limit its specific value, for example, 20%, 10%, etc.
  • the above-mentioned motor system faults can be but are not limited to insulation faults, motor phase loss faults, abnormally high motor temperature, etc. If the motor is fault-free, it can include good conductivity, no phase loss in the motor, and normal motor temperature.
  • Step S13 Determine the predicted maximum time required for the power battery system to complete battery self-heating, and the scheduled time from the current moment to the scheduled use time.
  • the preset target temperature can be understood as the lowest temperature at which the battery can be used normally, which can usually be 0°C, or may be slightly greater or slightly less than 0°C.
  • the predicted maximum duration can be understood as the maximum duration required to raise the battery temperature from the current temperature to the target temperature based on theoretical analysis and calculation based on the current temperature of the battery and the preset target temperature.
  • the above-mentioned step S13 may include the following processing: determining whether the reservation duration is greater than the predicted maximum duration; if so, after the difference duration, control the power battery system based on the predicted maximum duration.
  • the battery heats itself. In this way, battery self-heating based on the predicted maximum duration can not only achieve the purpose of battery self-heating, but also reduce resource waste. Reduce the impact of battery self-heating on cell performance, reduce the occurrence of lithium precipitation, and reduce self-heating costs.
  • the above-mentioned step S13 may also include the following processing: determining whether the reservation time is greater than the predicted maximum time; if not, immediately controlling the power battery system to perform battery self-heating. In this way, if the reservation time is less than or equal to the predicted maximum time, the power battery system is immediately controlled to perform battery self-heating, and more time can be used to heat the battery more slowly to achieve a more ideal heating effect, such as reducing analysis. Lithium phenomenon occurs.
  • the time to complete battery self-heating is also different according to the current frequency and amplitude of the charge and discharge circuit (current frequency and current amplitude are negatively correlated).
  • current frequency and current amplitude are negatively correlated.
  • the lower the frequency the higher the battery self-heating time. , the greater the current, the shorter the time required to complete battery self-heating.
  • rapid heating at extremely low temperatures will cause more Li+ to move to the negative electrode of the battery.
  • the speed at which Li atoms are embedded in graphite is far slower than the speed at which Li+ moves to the negative electrode of the battery, so it will aggravate the phenomenon of lithium precipitation in the battery. Therefore, in order to reduce the phenomenon of battery lithium precipitation, a larger frequency (and smaller current) is usually used for battery self-heating, that is, a longer time is usually used for battery self-heating when time permits.
  • big data previously fast-heat data
  • theoretical parameters can be combined to perform analysis and calculation, and a relatively objective value can be obtained by integrating the data analysis results and theoretical calculation results.
  • the current frequency range for self-heating of the power battery system can be determined based on the current temperature of the battery and the preset target temperature, and then based on the current frequency range, the time required to heat the battery from the current temperature to the preset target temperature can be calculated. Predict maximum duration.
  • the theoretical current frequency of the power battery system can be calculated based on the component parameters (resistance, supply voltage) and circuit structure of the power battery system. Simulation tests and actual tests can also be carried out.
  • the test current frequency of the power battery system or determine the historical current frequency of the power battery system based on the corresponding historical data.
  • the theoretical current frequency, test current frequency and historical current frequency can be combined to determine a more accurate current frequency range.
  • the greater the current frequency the greater the predicted maximum time.
  • the predicted maximum time required to heat the battery from the current temperature to the preset target temperature is, using the current frequency range.
  • the time required to complete battery self-heating at the maximum current frequency within the range; accordingly, the time required to complete battery self-heating using the minimum current frequency within the above current frequency range is the predicted minimum duration. In this way, through the above current frequency range, the predicted maximum duration can be accurately obtained so that the battery self-heating function can be started in time.
  • the current frequency range is the same each time the battery self-heating is performed. Therefore, the method for completing the battery self-heating can be determined according to the above, based on the current current condition of the battery. temperature and preset target temperature, pre-calculate the maximum current frequency and minimum frequency corresponding to the predicted maximum duration and predicted minimum duration respectively. You can also calculate the theoretical temperature rise per unit time based on the maximum current frequency and minimum frequency, and calculate the current temperature , target temperature (the target temperature is usually the same and does not need to be set), the predicted maximum duration, the predicted minimum duration, the maximum current frequency and the minimum frequency, etc., form a preset heating table as shown in Table 1.
  • this embodiment does not limit the preset heating table to include each of the above parameters. It records at least the corresponding relationship between the current temperature, the preset target temperature and the predicted maximum duration. You can look up the predicted heating duration and target current frequency according to the table.
  • the above table only illustrates a data selection trend and may not be real application data.
  • the relationship between the battery's current temperature, current frequency and temperature rise is: the lower the temperature, the higher the current frequency, but the temperature rise per unit time will also become lower. For example, when the current battery temperature is -30°C, and the car owner makes an appointment to get in the car in 30 minutes, the current frequency is selected as 1900Hz, which can meet the target temperature (0°C) and correspond to the maximum predicted duration.
  • the preset heating table can be searched based on the current temperature of the battery and the preset target temperature to quickly determine the predicted maximum time required to heat the battery from the current temperature to the preset target temperature, which can effectively shorten the predicted maximum time. Determining the time can not only improve the response time of the program and quickly respond to the reservation start command of the user terminal, but also allow more time for battery self-heating when the reservation time is short.
  • this embodiment does not limit the preset heating table to include each of the above parameters. It at least records the corresponding relationship between the current temperature, the preset target temperature and the predicted maximum duration. The predicted maximum duration can be searched according to the table.
  • the minimum time required for the power battery system to complete battery self-heating can also be determined, and determine whether the scheduled time is less than the predicted minimum time, and if so, provide feedback to the user terminal Insufficient warm-up time message. In this way, when the heating time is insufficient, the user terminal can be notified in time, so that the user can adjust the actual vehicle use time according to the situation, and reduce the situation where the user has to wait for the battery to self-heat after getting in the car.
  • Step S14 if yes, calculate the difference duration between the reserved duration and the predicted maximum duration, and after the difference duration, control the power battery system to perform battery self-heating; if not, immediately control the power battery system to perform battery self-heating.
  • This embodiment is based on the dual considerations of completing battery self-heating and reducing lithium precipitation. If there is sufficient time, that is, the reservation time is greater than the predicted maximum time, the difference between the two times can be calculated based on the predicted maximum time and its corresponding current frequency. After the value has expired, control the power battery system to proceed. The battery is self-heating. If the time is insufficient, that is, the reservation time is less than or equal to the predicted maximum time, the power battery system can be immediately controlled to perform battery self-heating based on the reservation time and its corresponding current frequency, so that the battery self-heating can be carried out in a timely manner.
  • the high-voltage system of electric vehicles can include power battery system, high-voltage distribution box (PDU), electric compressor, DC/DC (equipment that converts high-voltage DC to low-voltage DC), OBC (car charger), PTC (positive temperature coefficient) heater) and high-voltage wiring harness, etc.
  • high-voltage wire harnesses can be configured to connect internal and external wire harnesses of electric vehicles according to different voltage levels.
  • the internal wire harness signal distribution of the power distribution box is used to efficiently transmit power with high quality and shield external signal interference. Therefore, before controlling the power battery system to self-heat, it is necessary to conduct a high-voltage process on the entire vehicle to conduct the above-mentioned high-voltage components and high-voltage wiring harness to achieve successful transmission of internal and external signals.
  • a switch circuit can be provided between the battery and the inverter of the power battery system. Before controlling the power battery system to self-heat the battery, the control module can also control the switch circuit to conduct, so that the power battery system Providing a preset high voltage to the vehicle is the process of achieving high voltage on the entire vehicle. It can also be understood as the preparation stage for battery self-heating, or the precharging stage.
  • the switch circuit may include a first switch K1, a second switch K2, a third switch K3 and a first resistor; the first switch K1 is provided between the battery and the upper arm of the inverter; The second switch K2 is arranged between the battery and the lower arm of the inverter.
  • the third switch K3 is connected in parallel with the first switch K1 or the second switch K2.
  • the first resistor is connected in series with the first switch K1 or the third switch K3. Connect in parallel with the second switch K2.
  • the third switch K3 serves as a precharge switch. After being connected in series with the first resistor R1, it can be connected in parallel to the first switch K1 or to the second switch K2, as long as the following battery precharge process can be achieved.
  • the control module can first control the first switch K1 and the third switch K3 to be turned on, so that a series circuit is formed between the battery and the capacitor, the first switch K1, the third switch K3, and the first resistor, and the capacitor can be charged until The difference between the first voltage of the second switch K2 close to the battery side and the second voltage close to the motor side is less than the preset voltage difference.
  • This process is a precharge process, which can be understood as a capacitor storage process, so that the capacitor has a certain capacity, which can improve the stability of the overall circuit.
  • there is a first resistor in the loop which can prevent the loop from being short-circuited and causing damage to the capacitor.
  • the second switch K2 is controlled to be turned on and the third switch K3 is turned off, so that the power battery system provides the preset high voltage for the vehicle, that is, the high voltage process on the entire vehicle is completed.
  • the switching circuit may further include a fourth switch K4 , and the fourth switch K4 is disposed between the motor and the charging and discharging switching circuit.
  • the fourth switch K4 After controlling the power battery system to perform battery self-heating, it can also detect whether a short circuit occurs in the charging and discharging switching circuit. If so, the fourth switch K4 is controlled to open. In this way, if a short circuit occurs in the charging and discharging switching circuit during the battery self-heating process, resulting in the upper and lower bridge arms being unable to separate, disconnecting the fourth switch K4 can effectively reduce the possibility of a short circuit between the motor center line and the positive or negative electrode of the battery, so that The three-phase bridge arm of the inverter and the three-phase winding of the motor can still maintain driving, further reducing the possibility of power loss.
  • first switch K1, second switch K2, third switch K3 and fourth switch K4 can be any switching device that can realize circuit switching, and high-voltage switching devices can be selected, such as relays, isolation switches, transistors, MOS Pipes, etc., this embodiment does not specifically limit this.
  • the target current frequency of the battery for self-heating can be determined based on the current temperature of the battery, the preset target temperature and the heating time, and then the power battery system can be controlled based on the target current. Frequency for battery self-heating.
  • the target current frequency is the maximum current frequency that meets the temperature rise conditions.
  • the target current frequency for self-heating of the battery can be determined based on the current temperature of the battery, the preset target temperature and the predicted maximum time; the target current frequency is the one that meets the temperature rise conditions Maximum current frequency to achieve battery self-heating based on the predicted maximum duration. If the power battery system is immediately controlled to perform battery self-heating, the target current frequency for battery self-heating can be determined based on the current temperature of the battery, the preset target temperature and the reservation time, so as to achieve the purpose of battery self-heating according to the reservation time. The target current frequency is the maximum current frequency that meets the temperature rise conditions.
  • the target current frequency for self-heating of the battery can be determined by searching the above-mentioned preset heating table. It can also be based on the current temperature of the battery, the preset target temperature and the predicted maximum duration (or Reservation time) is analyzed and calculated to determine the target current frequency for battery self-heating. This embodiment does not specifically limit this.
  • the control module can re-determine the preset temperature every preset time or predicted temperature rise based on the current temperature of the battery, the preset target temperature and the heating time.
  • the target current frequency when the battery is self-heating.
  • the power battery system is controlled to perform battery self-heating based on the latest determined target current frequency. In this way, the current frequency can be updated in real time according to the actual temperature rise, ensuring that the battery self-heating process is completed within the expected time.
  • the preset time can be any value within the heating duration, such as a few seconds, a dozen seconds, tens of seconds, a few minutes, etc., which is not specifically limited in this embodiment.
  • the predicted temperature rise preset temperature can be understood as the theoretical temperature rise preset temperature during the battery self-heating process, that is, the theoretical temperature rise preset temperature, which can be several degrees, and this embodiment does not specifically limit this.
  • the power battery system is controlled to perform battery self-heating after the difference in time, based on the current temperature of the battery, the preset target temperature and the predicted maximum time, the battery will be re-determined every preset time or predicted temperature rise to the preset temperature.
  • the target current frequency during self-heating is used to update the target current frequency based on the predicted maximum duration. If the power battery system is immediately controlled to perform battery self-heating, based on the current temperature of the battery, the preset target temperature and the reservation time, the target current frequency when the battery is self-heating is re-determined every preset time or predicted temperature rise to the preset temperature. In order to achieve the purpose of updating the target current frequency according to the reservation time.
  • the power battery system after controlling the power battery system to perform battery self-heating, it is also possible to determine in real time whether the power battery system has completed battery self-heating. If so, detect the actual temperature of the battery after the power battery system completes battery self-heating, and determine the actual temperature. Is it greater than or equal to the preset target temperature. If the actual temperature is greater than or equal to the preset target temperature, the battery preheating completion information is sent to the user terminal; if the actual temperature is less than the preset target temperature, the power battery system is controlled to continue battery self-heating until it receives the message from the user terminal. When the stop quick heating command or the quick heating conditions are not met. In this way, it can ensure that the battery self-heating process is indeed completed and reduce the risk of accidental touch or Other reasons may cause the heating to end prematurely, or the heating results to be unsatisfactory and the battery self-heating to be unachievable.
  • the battery heating method after receiving the scheduled start instruction including the scheduled use time sent by the user terminal, first determines whether the battery and motor meet the fast hot start conditions. If the fast hot start conditions are met, the battery heating method can Before the user gets in the car or uses external charging equipment (such as a charging pile) to charge the battery, the power battery system is controlled in time to self-heat the battery in advance. In this way, when the user gets in the car or plugs in the gun for charging, the power battery system has already After the battery self-heating is completed, the battery temperature rises to a suitable range, and the battery's discharge power can reach the required maximum power. The user can use the vehicle at will, or use a larger current to quickly charge the battery, without having to use it in a colder environment.
  • the power battery system can be controlled to perform battery self-heating based on the reservation time and predicted maximum time, so that the startup self-heating time can be shortened. flexible.
  • the power battery system when controlling the power battery system to perform battery self-heating, you can first compare whether the reservation duration is greater than the predicted maximum duration. If the reservation duration is greater than the predicted maximum duration, you can calculate the difference between the reservation duration and the predicted maximum duration. time, and after the difference time, the power battery system is controlled to perform battery self-heating. In this way, the purpose of battery self-heating can be achieved, resource waste can be reduced, and battery self-heating costs can be reduced. If the reservation time is less than or equal to the predicted maximum time, the power battery system will be immediately controlled to self-heat the battery. In this way, more time can be used to heat the battery more slowly to achieve a more ideal heating effect, such as reducing lithium deposition. phenomenon occurs.
  • the present application also provides a battery heating method, which can be completed through the vehicle controller, battery manager and motor controller of the control module. Specifically, it can include the following step:
  • the vehicle controller receives the first instruction sent by the user terminal (car owner APP) through the cloud platform and TBOX (Internet of Vehicles system).
  • the first instruction can at least include: the estimated time t1 to use the car and the battery pack quick heating function startup instruction .
  • car owners can make a reservation through the car owner APP before getting in the car, and use the car after time t1;
  • the battery manager BMS determines that the battery temperature is less than the threshold Temp1 and the battery pack has high power At the threshold SOC1; the motor controller MCU determines that the motor torque, speed, and current are 0, and the motor system is faultless. If the above judgment conditions are met, the battery manager BMS and the motor controller MCU send a message to the vehicle controller VCU that satisfies the fast-heating working condition; otherwise, it sends a message that does not satisfy the fast-heating working condition.
  • the vehicle controller VCU will send a message to the car owner APP through the Internet of Vehicles system TBOX and the cloud platform that the quick-heat start conditions are not met; if the self-test is normal, the vehicle quick-heat will be started.
  • BMS controls relays K1 and K3 to close until the precharge conditions are met (assuming that the voltage on the left side of relay K2 is U1 and the voltage on the right side is U2.
  • U1-U2 When the absolute value of U1-U2 is less than ⁇ U, it means that the precharge is completed.
  • ⁇ U 10V
  • close K2 close K2 and then open K3. This process is a high-voltage process on the entire vehicle, but it does not rule out other high-voltage methods. This is not the focus of this patent.
  • the VCU sends a second command to the BMS, which may include at least: the estimated boarding time t (allowable time for rapid heating), the target temperature Temp, and the rapid heating start command.
  • BMS searches the preset table, and obtains the most suitable fast heating conditions in the current state based on the current temperature of the battery pack, the target temperature Temp, and the allowed fast heating time t; BMS regularly sends the fast heating limit conditions to the MCU:
  • the frequency limits of the current are f1, f2...fn, and the corresponding current amplitude limits I1, I2...In.
  • the BMS After the quick heating time reaches t1 or the battery pack temperature reaches the target temperature Temp, the BMS sends a quick heating completion command to the APP through the VCU-cloud platform, which can be considered as the third command.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic flow chart of another battery heating method provided by some embodiments of the present application. As shown in Figure 7, the battery heating method is applied to the vehicle controller. The method may include the following steps:
  • Step S21 Receive a reservation activation instruction sent by the user terminal; the reservation activation instruction may at least include the reservation usage time.
  • Step S22 Send a self-test instruction to the battery manager and motor controller to determine whether the power battery system meets the preset hot start conditions at the current moment.
  • Step S23 Receive the first self-test result fed back by the battery manager and the second self-test result fed back by the motor controller.
  • the first self-test result is used to indicate whether the battery parameters meet the preset hot start conditions.
  • the second self-test result is used to characterize whether the motor parameters meet the preset fast hot start conditions.
  • Step S24 if the first self-test result and the second self-test result both indicate that the preset fast hot start conditions are met, then a fast hot start command is sent to the battery manager and the motor controller; the fast hot start command may at least include scheduled use. time.
  • the quick hot start command before sending the quick hot start command to the battery manager and the motor controller, it may also include: sending a high voltage command to the battery manager so that the battery manager controls the power battery system to provide presets for the electrical equipment. high pressure.
  • the second embodiment is based on the same concept as the first embodiment.
  • the relevant implementation methods and the beneficial effects that can be achieved in the first embodiment can also be applied to the second embodiment, and will not be described again here.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic flow chart of another battery heating method provided by some embodiments of the present application. As shown in Figure 8, the battery heating method is applied to the battery manager. The method may include the following steps:
  • Step S31 Receive the self-test command sent by the vehicle controller and determine that the battery parameters at the current moment meet the preset hot start conditions.
  • Step S32 receiving the quick hot start command sent by the vehicle controller
  • Step S33 determine the predicted maximum time required for the power battery system to complete battery self-heating, and the scheduled time from the current moment to the scheduled use time; the quick hot start command may at least include the scheduled use time.
  • Step S34 Control the power battery system to perform battery self-heating based on the reservation time and the predicted maximum time.
  • controlling the power battery system to perform battery self-heating based on the reservation duration and the predicted maximum duration may include: determining whether the reservation duration is greater than the predicted maximum duration; if so, after the reservation After the difference between the duration and the predicted maximum duration, the power battery system is controlled to perform battery self-heating.
  • determining the predicted maximum time required for the power battery system to complete battery self-heating based on the current temperature of the battery and the preset target temperature may include:
  • the preset heating table Based on the current temperature of the battery and the preset target temperature, search the preset heating table to determine the maximum time required to heat the battery from the current temperature to the preset target temperature; the preset heating table at least records the current temperature, the preset target temperature and the prediction The corresponding relationship between the maximum duration.
  • determining the predicted maximum time required for the power battery system to complete battery self-heating based on the current temperature of the battery and the preset target temperature may include:
  • the power battery system may also include:
  • the power battery system after controlling the power battery system to perform battery self-heating, it may also include:
  • the battery preheating completion information is sent to the vehicle controller; if not, the power battery system is controlled to continue the battery self-heating process.
  • before controlling the power battery system to perform battery self-heating it may also include:
  • the power battery system may include a parallel battery, an inverter, a charge-discharge switching circuit, and a motor connected to each phase bridge arm of the inverter and the charge-discharge switching circuit respectively; and the battery and the inverter A switch circuit is provided between them;
  • Controlling the power battery system to provide a preset high voltage for the electrical equipment may include: controlling the switch circuit to conduct, so that the power battery system provides the preset high voltage for the electrical equipment.
  • the switch circuit may include a first switch K1, a second switch K2, a third switch K3 and a first resistor; the first switch K1 is disposed between the battery and the upper arm of the inverter; the second switch K2 and the third switch K3 are connected in parallel, and both are arranged between the battery and the lower arm of the inverter; the first resistor is connected in series with the third switch K3, and is connected in parallel with the second switch K2.
  • Controlling the switch circuit to be turned on so that the power battery system provides a preset high voltage for electrical equipment may include: controlling both the first switch K1 and the third switch K3 to be turned on, so that the second switch K2 is close to the first voltage on the battery side, and The difference between the second voltages close to the motor side is less than the preset voltage difference; the second switch K2 is controlled to be turned on and the third switch K3 is turned off to provide the preset high voltage for the electrical equipment.
  • controlling the power battery system to perform battery self-heating after the difference between the reserved time and the predicted maximum time may include: after the difference, based on the current temperature of the battery, the preset target temperature and the predicted maximum The duration determines the target current frequency for battery self-heating; the target current frequency is the maximum current frequency that meets the temperature rise conditions; the power battery system is controlled to perform battery self-heating based on the target current frequency.
  • the method may further include: based on the current temperature of the battery, the preset target temperature and the predicted maximum duration, re-determining the target current frequency when the battery is self-heating every preset time or predicted temperature rise to the preset temperature. ; Control the power battery system to perform battery self-heating based on the latest determined target current frequency.
  • controlling the power battery system to perform battery self-heating based on the reservation duration and the predicted maximum duration may include: determining whether the reservation duration is greater than the predicted maximum duration; if not, immediately controlling the power battery system to perform battery self-heating.
  • immediately controlling the power battery system to perform battery self-heating may include: immediately determining the target current frequency for battery self-heating based on the current temperature of the battery, the preset target temperature and the reservation time; the target current frequency is to meet the temperature rise The maximum current frequency of the condition; control braking The power battery system performs battery self-heating based on the target current frequency.
  • the third embodiment is based on the same concept as the first embodiment.
  • the relevant implementation methods and the beneficial effects that can be achieved in the first embodiment can also be applied to the third embodiment, and will not be described again here.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of a battery heating device provided by some embodiments of the present application.
  • the battery heating device is used to implement the battery heating method provided in Embodiment 1.
  • the battery heating device may include: an instruction receiving module, a condition determining module, a duration determining module and a heating start module, wherein:
  • the instruction receiving module is used to receive the reservation startup instruction sent by the user terminal; the reservation startup instruction may at least include the reservation usage time;
  • the condition determination module is used to determine that the power battery system meets the preset fast hot start conditions at the current moment
  • the duration determination module is used to determine the predicted maximum duration required for the power battery system to complete battery self-heating, as well as the scheduled duration from the current moment to the scheduled usage time;
  • the heating start module is used to control the power battery system to perform battery self-heating based on the reservation time and predicted maximum time.
  • the fourth embodiment is based on the same concept as the first embodiment.
  • the relevant implementation methods and the beneficial effects that can be achieved in the first embodiment can also be applied to the fourth embodiment, and will not be described again here.
  • embodiments of the present application also provide an electrical device, which may include a power battery system and may also include the above-mentioned battery heating device.
  • the electrical equipment can be, but is not limited to, electric vehicles, ships, spacecraft, electric toys, electric tools, battery cars, etc.
  • the fifth embodiment is based on the same concept as the first embodiment. Relevant implementation methods and the beneficial effects that can be achieved can also be applied to the fifth embodiment, and will not be described again here.
  • this embodiment also provides an electronic device.
  • the electronic device may include a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor.
  • the processor runs the computer program to implement Such as the method of any implementation method in the above-mentioned Embodiment 1, Embodiment 2, and Embodiment 3.
  • the electronic device may specifically be the control module in Embodiment 1, that is, a domain controller. It may also be the vehicle controller in Embodiment 2, the battery manager in Embodiment 3, or other electronic components used to implement the above embodiments, such as integrated chips, microcontrollers, etc.
  • the sixth embodiment is based on the same concept as the first embodiment.
  • the relevant implementation methods and the beneficial effects that can be achieved in the first embodiment can also be applied to the sixth embodiment, and will not be described again here.
  • this embodiment also provides a computer-readable storage medium on which a computer program is stored, and the program is executed by a processor to implement any of the above-mentioned embodiments one, two, and three. Methods.
  • the seventh embodiment is based on the same concept as the first embodiment.
  • the relevant implementation methods and the beneficial effects that can be achieved in the first embodiment can also be applied to the seventh embodiment, and will not be described again here.

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Abstract

本申请公开了一种电池加热方法、装置、用电设备及存储介质。该方法包括:接收用户终端发送的预约启动指令;预约启动指令至少包括预约使用时间;确定当前时刻动力电池系统满足预设的速热启动条件;确定动力电池系统完成电池自加热所需的预测最大时长,并确定当前时刻至预约使用时间的预约时长是否大于预测最大时长;若是,则计算预约时长和预测最大时长的差值时长,并在差值时长后,控制动力电池系统进行电池自加热;若否,则立即控制动力电池系统进行电池自加热。本申请能够在用户使用前及时控制动力电池系统进行电池自加热,节省了用户等待电池加热的时间,并尽量用更多的时间使电池较为缓慢地升温,以达到更为理想的升温效果。

Description

电池加热方法、装置、用电设备及存储介质
本申请要求优先权,在先申请的申请号为:202210447887.3,名称为: 电池加热方法、装置、用电设备及存储介质,优先权日为:2022-04-26。
技术领域
本申请涉及电池领域,具体涉及一种电池加热方法、装置、用电设备及存储介质。
背景技术
为了提升电动车辆在寒冷地区的适配性,越来越多的电动汽车适配了动力电池的自加热功能。自加热功能是指在车辆的环境温度较低时,动力电池系统可以通过电池和电机之间的回路对电池进行自动加热的机制。
目前,大多是用户上车后发现汽车无法启动,才会开启动力电池的自加热功能,而对动力电池进行自加热,需要一定的时间才能使电池温度达到正常使用温度,如此,用户需要在较冷的环境中等待较长的时间,极大降低了用户的用车体验。
需要说明的是,上述的陈述仅用于提供与本申请有关的背景技术信息,而不必然的构成现有技术。
发明内容
鉴于上述问题,本申请提供一种电池加热方法、装置、用电设备及存储介质,能够在用户使用前及时控制动力电池系统进行电池自加热,节省了用户等待电池加热的时间。
第一方面,本申请提供了一种电池加热方法,包括:
接收用户终端发送的预约启动指令;所述预约启动指令至少包括预约使用时间;
确定当前时刻动力电池系统满足预设的速热启动条件;
确定动力电池系统完成电池自加热所需的预测最大时长,以及当前时刻至所述预约使用时间的预约时长;
根据所述预约时长和所述预测最大时长,控制动力电池系统进行电池 自加热。
本申请实施例的技术方案中,在接收到用户终端发送的,包括预约使用时间的预约启动指令之后,先确定电池和电机是否满足速热启动条件,在满足速热启动条件的情况下,可以在用户上车之前,或者采用外部充电设备(如充电桩)对电池进行充电,及时控制动力电池系统提前进行电池自加热,如此,在用户上车或插枪进行充电时,动力电池系统已完成电池自加热,使电池温度升高到适宜范围,电池的放电功率可以达到所需的较大功率,用户可随意使用车辆,或采用较大的电流对电池进行快速充电,用户无需在较冷的环境中等待较长的时间(电池自加热时间),极大提高了用户的用车体验。且在控制动力电池系统提前进行电池自加热时,可根据预约时长和预测最大时长,控制动力电池系统进行电池自加热,使得启动自加热时间更加灵活。
在一些实施例中,根据所述预约时长和所述预测最大时长,控制动力电池系统进行电池自加热,包括:确定所述预约时长是否大于所述预测最大时长;若是,则在所述预约时长和所述预测最大时长的差值时长后,控制动力电池系统基于所述预测最大时长,进行电池自加热。如此,基于该预测最大时长进行电池自加热,既能达到电池自加热的目的,又能减少资源浪费,降低电池自加热对电芯性能的影响,减少析锂现象产生,以及降低自加热成本。
在一些实施例中,确定当前时刻动力电池系统满足预设的速热启动条件,包括:确定电池的当前电池温度符合预设温度范围;确定电池的当前容量大于或等于预设电池阈值;确定电机当前处于静止状态且无故障。如此,确定动力电池系统满足预设的速热启动条件,可有效减少电池参数和电机参数不满足速热启动条件的情况下强行启动电池自加热功能,所导致的元器件受损及无效加热等现象。
在一些实施例中,所述确定当前时刻的电池温度符合预设温度范围,包括:确定当前时刻的电池温度小于第一预设温度阈值,且大于第二预设温度阈值;所述第二预设温度阈值根据所述电池的析锂温度确定。如此,可进一步减少电池在极低温度下进行加热,继而导致锂原子析出的现象发 生。
在一些实施例中,所述确定动力电池系统完成电池自加热所需的预测最大时长,包括:基于电池的当前温度和预设目标温度,查找预设加热表格,确定将电池自当前温度升温至预设目标温度所需的预测最大时长;所述预设加热表格至少记载当前温度、预设目标温度及预测最大时长的对应关系。如此,可基于电池的当前温度和预设目标温度,查找预设加热表格,以快速确定将电池自当前温度升温至预设目标温度所需的预测最大时长,可有效缩短预测最大时长的确定时间,不仅可以提高程序的反应时间,快速相应用户终端的预约启动指令,还可以在预约时长较短时可以有更多的时间进行电池自加热。
在一些实施例中,所述确定动力电池系统完成电池自加热所需的预测最大时长,包括:基于电池的当前温度和预设目标温度,确定动力电池系统进行自加热的电流频率范围;基于所述电流频率范围,计算将电池自当前温度升温至预设目标温度所需的预测最大时长,如此,可通过分析计算的方式确定电流功率范围和预测最大时长。
在一些实施例中,所述确定动力电池系统完成电池自加热所需的预测最大时长之后,还包括:确定所述动力电池系统完成电池自加热所需的最小时长,并确定所述预约时长是否小于所述预测最小时长;若是,则向所述用户终端反馈预热时间不足的信息,以便在预热时间不够时及时提醒用户,用户可在接收刅该反馈后延后用车预约时间,以减少用车时电池无法启动的情况发生。
在一些实施例中,所述在所述预约时长和所述预测最大时长的差值时长后,控制动力电池系统进行电池自加热,包括:在所述差值时长后,基于电池的当前温度、预设目标温度及所述预测最大时长确定电池进行自加热的目标电流频率;所述目标电流频率为满足温升条件的最大电流频率;基于所述目标电流频率进行电池自加热,以实现控制所述动力电池系统基于预测最大时长进行电池自加热。
在一些实施例中,所述方法还包括:基于电池的当前温度、预设目标温度及所述预测最大时长,每隔预设时间或预测升温预设温度,重新确定 电池进行自加热时的目标电流频率;控制所述动力电池系统基于当前最新确定的目标电流频率进行电池自加热。如此,每隔预设时间或预测升温预设温度,根据电池的当前温度,重新确定电池进行自加热时的目标电流频率,以实现根据预测最大时长更新目标电流频率的目的。
在一些实施例中,根据所述预约时长和所述预测最大时长,控制动力电池系统进行电池自加热,包括:确定所述预约时长是否大于所述预测最大时长;若否,则立即控制动力电池系统进行电池自加热。如此,若预约时长小于或等于预测最大时长,则立即控制动力电池系统进行电池自加热,可尽量用更多的时间使电池较为缓慢地升温,以达到更为理想的升温效果,例如,降低产生析锂现象的可能性。
在一些实施例中,立即控制动力电池系统进行电池自加热,包括:基于电池的当前温度、预设目标温度及所述预约时长确定电池进行自加热的目标电流频率;所述目标电流频率为满足温升条件的最大电流频率;控制所述动力电池系统基于所述目标电流频率进行电池自加热,以实现控制所述动力电池系统基于预测预约时长进行电池自加热。
在一些实施例中,所述方法还包括:基于电池的当前温度、预设目标温度及所述预约时长,每隔预设时间或预测升温预设温度,重新确定电池进行自加热时的目标电流频率;控制所述动力电池系统基于当前最新确定的目标电流频率进行电池自加热。如此,每隔预设时间或预测升温预设温度,根据电池的当前温度,重新确定电池进行自加热时的目标电流频率,以实现根据预测最大时长更新目标电流频率的目的
在一些实施例中,控制所述动力电池系统进行电池自加热之后,还包括:确定所述动力电池系统是否完成电池自加热;若是,则检测所述动力电池系统完成电池自加热后电池的实际温度,并确定所述实际温度是否大于或等于所述预设目标温度;若是,则向所述用户终端发送电池预热完成信息;若否,则控制所述动力电池系统继续进行电池自加热。如此,可保障确实完成电池自加热过程,减少因为误触或其他原因造成提前结束加热,或加热结果不理想不能确切实现电池自加热等情况。
在一些实施例中,所述动力电池系统包括并联的电池、逆变器、充放 电切换电路,以及分别与所述逆变器的各相桥臂和所述充放电切换电路连接的电机;且所述电池与所述逆变器之间设置有开关电路;控制所述动力电池系统进行电池自加热之前,还包括:控制所述开关电路导通,使所述动力电池系统为用电设备提供预设高压;所述用电设备采用所述动力电池系统提供动力,以实现为整车上高压过程。
在一些实施例中,所述开关电路包括第一开关、第二开关、第三开关及第一电阻;所述第一开关设置于所述电池与所述逆变器的上桥臂之间;所述第二开关和所述第三开关并联,并均设置在所述电池与所述逆变器的下桥臂之间;所述第一电阻与所述第三开关串联,并与第二开关并联;控制所述开关电路导通,使所述动力电池系统为用电设备提供预设高压,包括:控制所述第一开关和所述第三开关均导通,使所述第二开关靠近电池侧的第一电压,与靠近电机侧的第二电压之间的差值小于预设电压差;控制所述第二开关导通及所述第三开关关闭,使所述动力电池系统为所述用电设备提供预设高压,以通过开关电路控制动力电池系统为整车上高压过程。
在一些实施例中,所述开关电路还包括第四开关,所述第四开关设置于所述电机和所述充放电切换电路之间;控制所述动力电池系统进行电池自加热之后,还包括:检测所述充放电切换电路是否发生短路;若是,则控制所述第四开关断开。可降低电机中心线与电池正极或负极发生短路的可能性,使得逆变器的三相桥臂和电机三相绕组仍能维持行车,进一步降低出现动力丧失的可能性。
第二方面,本申请提供了一种电池加热方法,包括:
接收用户终端发送的预约启动指令;所述预约启动指令至少包括预约使用时间;
向电池管理器和电机控制器发送自检指令,以确定当前时刻动力电池系统是否满足预设的速热启动条件;
接收所述电池管理器反馈的第一自检结果,和所述电机控制器反馈的第二自检结果;
若所述第一自检结果和所述第二自检结果均表征满足预设的速热启 动条件,则向电池管理器和电机控制器发送速热启动指令;所述速热启动指令至少包括所述预约使用时间。
在一些实施例中,所述向电池管理器和电机控制器发送速热启动指令之前,还包括:向所述电池管理器发送上高压指令,以使所述电池管理器控制所述动力电池系统为所述用电设备提供预设高压。
第三方面,本申请提供了一种电池加热方法,包括:
接收车辆控制器发送的自检指令,确定当前时刻的电池参数满足预设的速热启动条件;
接收车辆控制器发送的速热启动指令;所述速热启动指令至少包括所述预约使用时间;
确定动力电池系统完成电池自加热所需的预测最大时长,以及当前时刻至所述预约使用时间的预约时长;
根据述预约时长和所述预测最大,控制所述动力电池系统进行电池自加热。
在一些实施例中,根据所述预约时长和所述预测最大时长,控制动力电池系统进行电池自加热,包括:确定所述预约时长是否大于所述预测最大时长;若是,则在所述预约时长和所述预测最大时长的差值时长后,控制动力电池系统进行电池自加热。
在一些实施例中,所述确定当前时刻的电池参数满足预设的速热启动条件,包括:确定电池的当前电池温度符合预设温度范围;确定电池的当前容量大于或等于预设电池阈值。
在一些实施例中,所述基于电池的当前温度和预设目标温度,确定动力电池系统完成电池自加热所需的预测最大时长,包括:基于电池的当前温度和预设目标温度,查找预设加热表格,确定将电池自当前温度升温至预设目标温度所需的最大时长;所述预设加热表格至少记载所述当前温度、所述预设目标温度及所述预测最大时长的对应关系。
在一些实施例中,所述基于电池的当前温度和预设目标温度,确定动力电池系统完成电池自加热所需的预测最大时长,包括:基于电池的当前温度和预设目标温度,确定动力电池系统进行自加热的电流频率范围;基 于所述电流频率范围,计算将电池自当前温度升温至预设目标温度所需的预测最大时长。
在一些实施例中,所述动力电池系统完成电池自加热所需的预测最大时长之后,还包括:确定动力电池系统完成电池自加热所需的预测最小时长,并确定所述预约时长是否小于所述预测最小时长;若是,则向车辆控制器反馈预热时间不足的信息。
在一些实施例中,所述控制所述动力电池系统进行电池自加热之后,还包括:确定所述动力电池系统是否完成电池自加热过程;若是,则检测所述动力电池系统完成电池自加热后电池的实际温度,并确定所述实际温度是否大于或等于所述预设目标温度;若是,则向车辆控制器发送电池预热完成信息;若否,则控制所述动力电池系统继续进行电池自加热过程。
在一些实施例中,所述控制动力电池系统进行电池自加热之前,还包括:接收车辆控制器发送的上高压指令,控制所述动力电池系统为用电设备提供预设高压;所述用电设备采用所述动力电池系统提供动力。
在一些实施例中,所述动力电池系统包括并联的电池、逆变器、充放电切换电路,以及分别与所述逆变器的各相桥臂和所述充放电切换电路连接的电机;且所述电池与所述逆变器之间设置有开关电路;控制所述动力电池系统为用电设备提供预设高压,包括:控制所述开关电路导通,使所述动力电池系统为所述用电设备提供预设高压。
在一些实施例中,所述开关电路包括第一开关、第二开关、第三开关及第一电阻;所述第一开关设置于所述电池与所述逆变器的上桥臂之间;所述第二开关和所述第三开关并联,并均设置在电池与所述逆变器的下桥臂之间;所述第一电阻与所述第三开关串联,并与所述第二开关并联;所述控制所述开关电路导通,使所述动力电池系统为所述用电设备提供预设高压,包括:控制所述第一开关和所述第三开关均导通,使所述第二开关靠近电池侧的第一电压,与靠近电机侧的第二电压之间的差值小于预设电压差;控制所述第二开关导通及所述第三开关关闭,为所述用电设备提供预设高压。
在一些实施例中,在所述预约时长和所述预测最大时长的差值时长 后,控制动力电池系统进行电池自加热,包括:在所述差值时长后,基于电池的当前温度、预设目标温度及所述预测最大时长确定电池进行自加热的目标电流频率;所述目标电流频率为满足温升条件的最大电流频率;控制所述动力电池系统基于所述目标电流频率进行电池自加热。
在一些实施例中,所述方法还包括:基于电池的当前温度、预设目标温度及所述预测最大时长,每隔预设时间或预测升温预设温度,重新确定电池进行自加热时的目标电流频率;控制所述动力电池系统基于当前最新确定的目标电流频率进行电池自加热。
在一些实施例中,根据所述预约时长和所述预测最大时长,控制动力电池系统进行电池自加热,包括:确定所述预约时长是否大于所述预测最大时长;若否,则立即控制动力电池系统进行电池自加热。
在一些实施例中,立即控制动力电池系统进行电池自加热,包括:立即基于电池的当前温度、预设目标温度及所述预约时长确定电池进行自加热的目标电流频率;目标电流频率为满足温升条件的最大电流频率;控制所述动力电池系统基于所述目标电流频率进行电池自加热。
第四方面,本申请提供了一种电池加热装置,包括:
指令接收模块,用于接收用户终端发送的预约启动指令;所述预约启动指令至少包括预约使用时间;
条件确定模块,用于确定当前时刻动力电池系统满足预设的速热启动条件;
时长确定模块,用于确定动力电池系统完成电池自加热所需的预测最大时长,以及当前时刻至所述预约使用时间的预约时长;
加热启动模块,用于根据所述预约时长和所述预测最大时长,控制动力电池系统进行电池自加热。
第五方面,本申请提供了一种用电设备,包括动力电池系统,还包括第四方面所述的电池加热装置。
第六方面,本申请提供了一种电子设备,包括存储器、处理器及存储在所述存储器上并可在所述处理器上运行的计算机程序,所述处理器运行所述计算机程序以实现如第一方面、第二方面及第三方面任一项所述的方 法。
第七方面,本申请提供了一种计算机可读存储介质,其上存储有计算机程序,所述程序被处理器执行实现如第一方面、第二方面及第三方面任一项所述的方法。
上述说明仅是本申请技术方案的概述,为了能够更清楚了解本申请的技术手段,而可依照说明书的内容予以实施,并且为了让本申请的上述和其它目的、特征和优点能够更明显易懂,以下特举本申请的具体实施方式。
附图说明
通过阅读对下文优选实施方式的详细描述,各种其他的优点和益处对于本领域普通技术人员将变得清楚明了。附图仅用于示出优选实施方式的目的,而并不认为是对本申请的限制。而且在全部附图中,用相同的附图标号表示相同的部件。在附图中:
图1为根据一个或多个实施例的车辆的结构示意图;
图2为根据一个或多个实施例中动力电池系统的结构示意图;
图3为根据一个或多个实施例提供的控制模块的应用示意图;
图4为根据一个或多个实施方式提供的一种电池加热方法的流程示意图;
图5为根据一个或多个实施例中包括开关电路的动力电池系统的结构示意图;
图6为根据一个或多个实施例提供的另一种电池加热方法的流程示意图;
图7为根据一个或多个实施例提供的另一种电池加热方法的流程示意图;
图8为根据一个或多个实施例提供的另一种电池加热方法的流程示意图;
图9为根据一个或多个实施例提供的一种电池加热装置的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
下面将结合附图对本申请技术方案的实施例进行详细的描述。以下实施例仅用于更加清楚地说明本申请的技术方案,因此只作为示例,而不能以此来限制本申请的保护范围。
除非另有定义,本文所使用的所有的技术和科学术语与属于本申请的技术领域的技术人员通常理解的含义相同;本文中所使用的术语只是为了描述具体的实施例的目的,不是旨在于限制本申请;本申请的说明书和权利要求书及上述附图说明中的术语“包括”和“具有”以及它们的任何变形,意图在于覆盖不排他的包含。
在本申请实施例的描述中,技术术语“第一”“第二”等仅用于区别不同对象,而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性或者隐含指明所指示的技术特征的数量、特定顺序或主次关系。在本申请实施例的描述中,“多个”的含义是两个以上,除非另有明确具体的限定。
在本文中提及“实施例”意味着,结合实施例描述的特定特征、结构或特性可以包含在本申请的至少一个实施例中。在说明书中的各个位置出现该短语并不一定均是指相同的实施例,也不是与其它实施例互斥的独立的或备选的实施例。本领域技术人员显式地和隐式地理解的是,本文所描述的实施例可以与其它实施例相结合。
在本申请实施例的描述中,术语“和/或”仅仅是一种描述关联对象的关联关系,表示可以存在三种关系,例如A和/或B,可以表示:单独存在A,同时存在A和B,单独存在B这三种情况。另外,本文中字符“/”,一般表示前后关联对象是一种“或”的关系。
在本申请实施例的描述中,术语“多个”指的是两个以上(包括两个),同理,“多组”指的是两组以上(包括两组),“多片”指的是两片以上(包括两片)。
在本申请实施例的描述中,技术术语“中心”“纵向”“横向”“长度”“宽度”“厚度”“上”“下”“前”“后”“左”“右”“竖直”“水平”“顶”“底”“内”“外”“顺时针”“逆时针”“轴向”“径向”“周向”等指示的方位或位置关系为基于附图所示的方位或位置关系,仅是为了便于描述本申 请实施例和简化描述,而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作,因此不能理解为对本申请实施例的限制。
在本申请实施例的描述中,除非另有明确的规定和限定,技术术语“安装”“相连”“连接”“固定”等术语应做广义理解,例如,可以是固定连接,也可以是可拆卸连接,或成一体;也可以是机械连接,也可以是电连接;可以是直接相连,也可以通过中间媒介间接相连,可以是两个元件内部的连通或两个元件的相互作用关系。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言,可以根据具体情况理解上述术语在本申请实施例中的具体含义。
目前,从市场形势的发展来看,动力电池的应用越加广泛。动力电池不仅被应用于水力、火力、风力和太阳能电站等储能电源系统,而且还被广泛应用于电动自行车、电动摩托车、电动汽车等电动交通工具,以及军事装备和航空航天等多个领域。随着动力电池应用领域的不断扩大,其市场的需求量也在不断地扩增。
相关技术中,低温环境下动力电池的使用会受到一定限制,具体地,动力电池在低温环境下的放电容量会严重衰退,以及电池在低温环境下无法充电,降低了用户的用车体验感。
为了提升电动汽车在寒冷地区的适配性,申请人研究发现,现在越来越多的电动汽车适配了动力电池的自加热功能。自加热功能是指在车辆的环境温度较低时,动力电池系统可以通过电池和电机之间的回路对电池进行自动加热的机制。但是,大多情况下,都是用户上车后发现汽车无法启动,才会开启动力电池的自加热功能,以使动力电池系统进行电池自加热。另外,车辆在低温环境下放置较长时间,比如在冬天室外停放三个月,用户终端可能会显示剩余电量不足,此时,即使停车位上有外部充电设备(例如充电桩),也需要用户到达车辆位置,进行插枪充电。但若在寒冷地区,此时电池温度可能极低(比如-20℃以下),无法直接对电池进行充电(易产生电池析锂现象);或者温度较低(比如-5℃)时,直接采用大功率电流进行快速充电,易产生析锂现象,故需先启动电池自加热功能,提高电池温度才能采用大功率电流进行快速充电。
而对动力电池进行自加热,需要一定的时间才能使电池温度达到目标温度,即正常使用温度,通常可以为零度。如此,用户需要在较冷的环境中等待较长的时间,即电池自加热的时间,也极大降低了用户的用车体验满意度。
基于以上考虑,为了解决用户上车后再进行电池自加热而造成的用户在较冷的环境中长时间等待,降低用户体验满意度的问题,本申请实施例提供了一种电池加热方法,在接收到用户终端发送的预约启动指令之后,确定电池和电机满足速热启动条件的情况下,根据预约使用时间和动力电池系统完成电池自加热所需的预测最大时长,在用户上车或者采用外部充电设备(如充电桩)对电池进行充电之前,及时控制动力电池系统提前进行电池自加热。
采用本实施例提供的电池加热方法,在接收到用户终端发送的,包括预约使用时间的预约启动指令之后,先确定电池和电机是否满足速热启动条件,在满足速热启动条件的情况下,可以在用户上车之前,或者采用外部充电设备(如充电桩)对电池进行充电之前,及时控制动力电池系统提前进行电池自加热,如此,在用户上车或插枪进行充电时,动力电池系统已完成电池自加热,使电池温度升高到适宜范围,电池的放电功率可以达到所需的较大功率,用户可随意使用车辆,或采用较大的电流对电池进行快速充电,无需在较冷的环境中等待较长的时间(电池自加热时间),极大提高了用户的用车体验。且在控制动力电池系统提前进行电池自加热时,可根据预约时长和预测最大时长,控制动力电池系统进行电池自加热,使得启动自加热时间更加灵活。
在实际应用中,控制动力电池系统提前进行电池自加热时,可以先基于电池的当前温度和预设目标温度,确定动力电池系统完成电池自加热所需的预测最大时长,以及当前时刻至预约使用时间的预约时长,比较预约时长是否大于预测最大时长。若预约时长大于预测最大时长,说明有足够的时间进行电池自加热,此时若直接进行加热,则可能用户用车时电池又处于低温状态了,要么达不到提前加热的目的,要么会循环加热,造成资源浪费。所以,可计算预约时长和预测最大时长的差值时长,并在差值时 长后,控制动力电池系统进行电池自加热,如此,既能达到电池自加热的目的,又能减少资源浪费,降低电池自加热成本。若预约时长小于或等于预测最大时长,则说明没有足够的时间进行电池自加热,需要立即控制动力电池系统进行电池自加热,如此,可尽量用更多的时间使电池较为缓慢地升温,可达到更为理想的升温效果,例如,有助于解决电池析锂问题。
本申请实施例公开的电池加热方法可以但不限用于应用于车辆、船舶或飞行器等用电设备。该用电设备执行本申请公开的电池加热方法,或应用本申请提供的,能够执行该电池加热方法的电池加热装置,在用户启动该用电设备时,动力电池系统已完成电池自加热,即使在较低温的外界环境下,也可直接启动,用户无需在较冷的环境中等待较长的时间,极大提高了用户的使用体验满意度。
本申请实施例提供一种应用该电池加热方法的用电设备,该用电设备可以为但不限于电动汽车、轮船、航天器、电动玩具、电动工具、电瓶车等等。其中,电动玩具可以包括固定式或移动式的电动玩具,例如,游戏机、电动汽车玩具、电动轮船玩具和电动飞机玩具等等,航天器可以包括飞机、火箭、航天飞机和宇宙飞船等等。
以下实施例为了方便说明,以本申请一实施例的一种用电设备为车辆1000为例进行说明。
请参照图1,图1为本申请一些实施例提供的车辆1000的结构示意图。车辆1000可以为包括动力电池系统的新能源汽车,新能源汽车可以是纯电动汽车、混合动力汽车或增程式汽车等。车辆1000内部设置的动力电池系统可以包括电池100、逆变器200及电机300,电池100通过逆变器200,将电能转化为机械能,不仅作为车辆1000的操作电源,还作为车辆1000的驱动电源,代替或部分地代替燃油或天然气为车辆1000提供驱动动力。
请参照图2,图2为本申请一些实施例提供的动力电池系统的结构示意图。如图所示,该动力电池系统还可包括充放电切换电路。逆变器与电池连接,其可包括M相桥臂电路(可以但不限于图示中的三相),且桥臂电路与电池并联连接。电机可包括具有M个绕组的电机,M个绕组分别与桥臂电路的M相桥臂一一对应连接。充放电切换电路与桥臂电路和电机的 中心线分别连接,通过控制桥臂电路中三相桥臂的上桥臂(或下桥臂),以及充放电切换电路的下桥臂(或上桥臂)均导通,使电池、逆变器、充放电切换电路及电机形成交替切换的充电回路和放电回路,以通过对电池组进行充放电来实现电池的自加热,即实现电池的脉冲速热功能。
需要说明的是,图2中所示的充放电切换电路只是本实施例的一种实施方式,本实施例并不以此为限,只要能实现交替切换的充放电电路即可。例如,其也可以包括M相桥臂,其中M个上桥臂分别与逆变器的M个下桥臂连接,使电池、逆变器、电机及充放电切换电路形成充电回路;而充放电切换电路的M个下桥臂分别与逆变器的M个上桥臂连接,使电池、逆变器、电机及充放电切换电路形成放电回路。
车辆1000还可以包括控制模块,该控制模块可与车辆云平台连接,通过车辆云平台可连接车主APP,从而可接收到车主APP下发的指令。或者控制模块也可以直接与车主APP进行近距离通讯,只要能接收到车主APP下发的指令即可。
请参照图3,图3为本申请一些实施例提供的控制模块的应用示意图。该控制模块可以集成在一个或几个域控制器上,也可以包括车辆控制器VCU、电池管理器BMS及电机控制器MCU。其中,车辆控制器VCU用于进行整车控制,可与内部其它控制器和外部设备(如车辆云平台和车主APP)进行连接和通讯。电池管理器BMS可用于控制动力电池系统的电池,及检测电池状态。电机控制器MCU可用于控制动力电池系统的电机和逆变器,可用于检测电机和逆变器的状态。且车辆控制器VCU、电池管理器BMS及电机控制器MCU之间可通过总线建立CAN通信。车主APP和车辆云平台及控制模块之间通过无线网络通讯,或者车主APP通过蓝牙等方式与控制模块进行近距离通讯。
本申请提供电池加热方法可采用该控制模块执行,但不限于采用域控制器,还是按步骤分别采用车辆控制器VCU、电池管理器BMS及电机控制器MCU执行,只要能实现该电池加热方法即可,本申请对此不做具体限定。
实施例一
根据本申请的一些实施方式,参照图4,图4为本申请一些实施方式提供的电池加热方法的流程示意图。如图4所示,该电池加热方法可以包括以下步骤:
步骤S11,接收用户终端发送的预约启动指令。
本实施例以上述控制模块为执行主体进行详细说明。该用户终端可理解为上述车主APP的载体设备,如手机、平板电脑扥高智能移动终端,也可以是具有蓝牙功能的远程遥控设备,本实施例对此不做具体限定。
这里接收用户发送的预约启动指令,可以是直接接收,也可以是通过车辆云平台或其它中间网络平台进行接收,本实施例对此也不做具体限定。
预约启动指令可至少包括预约使用时间,比如a时长后用车(a可以为任意表示时长的正数,如几小时,几分钟,),或者b时刻用车(b可以为任意表示时间的数据,如几点几分)。
步骤S12,确定当前时刻动力电池系统满足预设的速热启动条件。
鉴于上述进行脉冲速热的原理,动力电池系统满足预设的速热启动条件需电池参数满足一定条件,电机参数也满足一定条件,且电机系统无故障。其中,电机系统可理解为包括电机和逆变器的整体电路系统,电池参数可包括电池温度。而当电池电量极低时,其电量可能不足以维持其进行自加热,所以该电池参数还可以包括电池电量。鉴于上述通过和电机、逆变器等形成交替切换的充放电回路的方式实现电池自加热,该电机参数可包括电机矩、转速、电流等表征电机状态的参数,以及电机是否故障的参数,该参数可表征逆变器是否故障。
根据上述进行脉冲速热的原理,速热启动条件可包括电池的当前电池温度符合预设温度范围,电池的当前容量大于或等于预设电池阈值,以及电机当前处于静止状态且无故障。
预设温度范围可理解为需要进行电池加热的温度范围,例如小于零度,也可以略大或略小于零度,本实施例对此不做具体限定。
如上确定动力电池系统满足预设的速热启动条件之后,可有效减少在电池参数和电机参数不满足速热启动条件的情况下强行启动电池自加热功能,所导致的元器件受损及无效加热等现象。
对于锂电池而言,其充电的原理是,正极的Li+移动到负极,和负极的电子e-结合形成Li原子,Li原子嵌入到负极的石墨多孔结构中。而Li原子嵌入到石墨中的速度受温度影响,温度越低,嵌入速度越慢,当在一段时间内移动到负极的Li+太多,而形成的Li原子无法全部嵌入石墨中时,就会在石墨表面形成锂原子,这些锂原子就是析出的锂。为了减少锂原子析出,在确定当前时刻的电池温度符合预设温度范围时,可以确定当前时刻的电池温度小于第一预设温度阈值(通常为0,或稍大或稍小于0),且大于第二预设温度阈值,该第二预设温度阈值根据电池的析锂温度确定,本实施例对此不做具体限定,例如可以为-30℃、-20℃等。
预设电池阈值可理解为能够支持动力电池系统进行脉冲速热的电量阈值,本实施例对其不做具体限定。具体可采用SOC(State ofcharge,即荷电状态)表示,SOC可用来反映电池的剩余容量,其数值上定义为剩余容量占电池容量的比值,范围为0~1,可用百分数表示,例如,当SOC=0时表示电池放电完全,当SOC=1时表示电池完全充满。本实施例对其具体取值不做具体限定,例如,20%、10%等。
上述电机系统故障可以但不限于绝缘故障,电机缺相故障、电机温度异常偏高等,则电机无故障可以包括导电性良好、电机无缺相、电机温度正常等。
步骤S13,确定动力电池系统完成电池自加热所需的预测最大时长,以及当前时刻至预约使用时间的预约时长。
其中,预设目标温度可理解为电池可以正常使用的最低温度,通常可以为0℃,也可以略大于或略小于0℃。
预测最大时长可理解为,基于电池的当前温度和预设目标温度,按照理论分析和计算得出的,将电池温度从当前温度升温至目标温度所需的最大时长。
在一些实施方式中,上述步骤S13可包括以下处理:确定所述预约时长是否大于所述预测最大时长;若是,则在所述差值时长后,控制动力电池系统基于所述预测最大时长,进行电池自加热。如此,基于该预测最大时长进行电池自加热,既能达到电池自加热的目的,又能减少资源浪费, 降低电池自加热对电芯性能的影响,减少析锂现象产生,以及降低自加热成本。
在另一些实施方式中,上述步骤S13也可以包括以下处理:确定所述预约时长是否大于所述预测最大时长;若否,则立即控制动力电池系统进行电池自加热。如此,若预约时长小于或等于预测最大时长,则立即控制动力电池系统进行电池自加热,可尽量用更多的时间使电池较为缓慢地升温,以达到更为理想的升温效果,例如,减少析锂现象产生。
实际应用中,动力电池系统进行电池自加热时,根据充放电回路的电流频率及幅值(电流频率和电流幅值负相关),完成电池自加热的时间也不同,通常情况下,频率越低、电流越大,则完成电池自加热所需的时间越短。但是在温度极低的情况下进行急剧加热,会促使更多的Li+移动到电池负极,而Li原子嵌入石墨的速度却远不及Li+移动到电池负极的速度,所以会加剧电池析锂现象。故,为了减少出现电池析锂现象,通常会尽量采用较大的频率(和较小的电流)进行电池自加热,即通常在时间允许的情况下会采用更长的时间进行电池自加热。
本实施例在确定上述预测最大时长时,可以结合大数据(之前的速热数据)和理论参数,进行分析计算,综合数据分析结果和理论计算结果,得出一个相对客观的数值。
具体地,可以先基于电池的当前温度和预设目标温度,确定动力电池系统进行自加热的电流频率范围,然后再基于电流频率范围,计算将电池自当前温度升温至预设目标温度所需的预测最大时长。
对于动力电池系统,其结构固定的情况下,根据动力电池系统的各元件参数(阻值、供电电压)及电路结构,可以计算出动力电池系统的理论电流频率,还可进行模拟试验,实际测试动力电池系统的测试电流频率,或者根据相应历史数据确定动力电池系统的历史电流频率。可结合该理论电流频率、测试电流频率及历史电流频率,便可确定较为准确的电流频率范围。
根据上述充放电原理,电流频率越大则预测最大时长越大,将电池自当前温度升温至预设目标温度所需的预测最大时长即为,采用电流频率范 围内最大电流频率完成电池自加热所需的时间;相应地,采用上述电流频率范围内最小电流频率完成电池自加热所需的时间即为预测最小时长。如此通过上述电流频率范围,可以准确得出预测最大时长,以便及时启动电池自加热功能。
在本申请一些实施方式中,对于同一车辆的动力电池系统,在每次进行电池自加热时,其电流频率范围是相同的,所以,可以按照上述确定完成电池自加热的方法,基于电池的当前温度和预设目标温度,预先计算最大电流频率和最小频率分别对应的和预测最大时长和预测最小时长,还可以根据最大电流频率和最小频率分别计算单位时间内的理论升温度数,并将当前温度、目标温度(目标温度通常都一样,也可以不设置)、预测最大时长、预测最小时长及最大电流频率和最小频率等的对应关系形成如表1所示的预设加热表格。
表1
需要说明的是,本实施例并不限定预设加热表格包含上述每个参数, 其至少记载当前温度、预设目标温度及预测最大时长的对应关系,可以根据表格查找预测加热时长和目标电流频率即可。
可以理解的是,上述表格只是说明一种数据选择趋势,可以不是真实的应用数据。电池当前温度、电流频率和温升几者之间的关系为:温度越低时,电流频率就越高,但单位时间内的温升也会变低。比如,电池当前温度为-30℃时,车主预约在30分钟后上车,此时选择电流频率为1900Hz,可以满足目标温度(0℃)需要,并对应最大预测时长。选择电流频率为1500Hz(或1600Hz、1700Hz及1800Hz),也可以满足目标温度需要,且升温更快,加热时长更短(但可能会造成析锂现象),那么可以选择1900Hz的电流频率,以减少电池出现析锂现象。
实际应用中,可基于电池的当前温度和预设目标温度,查找预设加热表格,以快速确定将电池自当前温度升温至预设目标温度所需的预测最大时长,可有效缩短预测最大时长的确定时间,不仅可以提高程序的反应时间,快速相应用户终端的预约启动指令,还可以在预约时长较短时有更多的时间进行电池自加热。
需要说明的是,本实施例并不限定预设加热表格包含上述每个参数,其至少记载当前温度、预设目标温度及预测最大时长的对应关系,可以根据表格查找预测最大时长即可。
在确定动力电池系统完成电池自加热所需的预测最大时长之后,还可以确定动力电池系统完成电池自加热所需的最小时长,并确定预约时长是否小于预测最小时长,若是,则向用户终端反馈预热时间不足的信息。如此,可在加热时间不足的情况下,及时通知用户终端,便于用户根据情况调整实际上车用车时间,减少用户上车后还要等待电池自加热的情况发生。
步骤S14,若是,则计算预约时长和预测最大时长的差值时长,并在该差值时长后,控制动力电池系统进行电池自加热;若否,则立即控制动力电池系统进行电池自加热。
本实施例基于完成电池自加热和减少析锂现象产生的双重考虑,若时间充足,即预约时长大于预测最大时长,可以基于该预测最大时长及其对应的电流频率,在两个时间相差的差值时长之后,再控制动力电池系统进 行电池自加热。若时间不充足,即预约时长小于或等于预测最大时长,可以基于预约时长及其对应的电流频率,立即控制动力电池系统进行电池自加热,以便及时进行电池自加热。
电动汽车的高压系统可包括动力电池系统、高压配电箱(PDU)、电动压缩机、DC/DC(将高压DC转换为低压DC的设备)、OBC(汽车充电器)、PTC(正温度系数加热器)及高压线束等。其中,高压线束可以根据不同的电压等级配置于电动汽车内部及外部线束连接,应用配电盒内部线束信号分配,高效优质地传输电能,屏蔽外界信号干扰。所以,在控制动力电池系统进行自加热之前还需要进行整车上高压流程,以导通上述各高压部件及高压线束,实现内部及外部信号的成功传输。
在一些实施方式中,该动力电池系统的电池与逆变器之间还可以设置开关电路,控制模块在控制动力电池系统进行电池自加热之前,还可以先控制开关电路导通,使动力电池系统为车辆提供预设高压,即实现为整车上高压的过程,也可理解为电池自加热的准备阶段,或预充阶段。
具体地,如图5所示,开关电路可以包括第一开关K1、第二开关K2、第三开关K3及第一电阻;第一开关K1设置于电池与逆变器的上桥臂之间;第二开关K2设置在电池与逆变器的下桥臂之间,第三开关K3与第一开关K1或第二开关K2并联,第一电阻与第一开关K1或第三开关K3串联,并与第二开关K2并联。其中,第三开关K3作为预充开关,和第一电阻R1串联后,可以并联在第一开关K1处,也可以并联在第二开关K2处,只要能实现下述电池预充过程即可。
控制模块可先控制第一开关K1和第三开关K3均导通,使电池和电容及第一开关K1和第三开关K3、第一电阻之间形成串联的回路,可以对电容蓄电,直至第二开关K2靠近电池侧的第一电压,与靠近电机侧的第二电压之间的差值小于预设电压差,该过程为预充过程,可理解为电容蓄电过程,使得电容具有一定容量,可以提高整体电路的稳定性。且该回路中具有第一电阻,可防止回路短路,对电容造成损害。然后再控制第二开关K2导通及第三开关K3关闭,使动力电池系统为车辆提供预设高压,即完成整车上高压过程。
上述预设高压和预设电压差的具体数值均可根据实际需要进行具体设定,本实施例对此均不做具体限定。
需要说明的是,上述整车上高压的过程只是本实施例的一种实施方式,本实施例并不以此为限,只要是能为车辆上高压的过程即可。
在一些实施方式中,如图5所示,开关电路还可包括第四开关K4,第四开关K4设置于电机和充放电切换电路之间。
控制动力电池系统进行电池自加热之后,还可检测充放电切换电路是否发生短路,若是,则控制第四开关K4断开。如此,若充放电切换电路在电池自加热过程中出现短路,导致上下桥臂无法分开时,通过断开第四开关K4,可有效减少电机中心线与电池正极或负极发生短路的可能性,使得逆变器的三相桥臂和电机三相绕组仍能维持行车,进一步降低动力丧失的可能性。
具体地,上述第一开关K1、第二开关K2、第三开关K3及第四开关K4可以为任意能够实现电路通断的开关器件,可选高压开关器件,如继电器、隔离开关、三极管、MOS管等,本实施例对此不作具体限定。
在一些实施方式中,控制动力电池系统进行电池自加热的过程,可以先基于电池的当前温度、预设目标温度及加热时长确定电池进行自加热的目标电流频率,然后控制动力电池系统基于目标电流频率进行电池自加热。该目标电流频率为满足温升条件的最大电流频率。
若差值时长后再控制动力电池系统进行电池自加热,则可基于电池的当前温度、预设目标温度及预测最大时长确定电池进行自加热的目标电流频率;目标电流频率为满足温升条件的最大电流频率,以实现根据预测最大时长进行电池自加热的目的。若立即控制动力电池系统进行电池自加热,则可基于电池的当前温度、预设目标温度及预约时长确定电池进行自加热的目标电流频率,以实现根据预约时长进行电池自加热的目的。目标电流频率为满足温升条件的最大电流频率。
具体地,可基于电池的当前温度、预设目标温度及预测最大时长(或预约时长),通过查找上述预设加热表格的方式确定电池进行自加热的目标电流频率。也可基于电池的当前温度、预设目标温度及预测最大时长(或 预约时长)进行分析计算,从而确定电池进行自加热的目标电流频率。本实施例对此不作具体限定。
在实际电池自加热过程中,升温情况可能和预期有所偏差,所以,控制模块可以基于电池的当前温度、预设目标温度及加热时长,每隔预设时间或预测升温预设温度,重新确定电池进行自加热时的目标电流频率。然后,控制动力电池系统基于当前最新确定的目标电流频率进行电池自加热。如此,可根据实际升温情况,对电流频率进行实时更新,可保证在预期时间内完成电池自加热过程。
其中,预设时间可以为加热时长内的任意值,如几秒、十几秒、几十秒、几分钟等,本实施例对此不做具体限定。预测升温预设温度可理解为进行电池自加热过程中,理论升温预设温度,即理论上升温预设温度,其具体可以为几度,本实施例对此也不做具体限定。
相应地,若差值时长后再控制动力电池系统进行电池自加热,则基于电池的当前温度、预设目标温度及预测最大时长,每隔预设时间或预测升温预设温度,重新确定电池进行自加热时的目标电流频率,以实现根据预测最大时长更新目标电流频率的目的。若立即控制动力电池系统进行电池自加热,则基于电池的当前温度、预设目标温度及预约时长,每隔预设时间或预测升温预设温度,重新确定电池进行自加热时的目标电流频率,以实现根据预约时长更新目标电流频率的目的。
需要说明的是,上述实施方式中仅以电流频率作为计算和分析基础,在实际电池自加热过程中也可以应用到与电流频率相关的其它参数,如电流幅值,占空比等,本实施例对此不做具体限定。
在一些实施方式中,控制动力电池系统进行电池自加热之后,还可以实时确定动力电池系统是否完成电池自加热,若是,则检测动力电池系统完成电池自加热后电池的实际温度,并确定实际温度是否大于或等于预设目标温度。若实际温度是否大于或等于预设目标温度,则向用户终端发送电池预热完成信息;若实际温度小于预设目标温度,则控制动力电池系统继续进行电池自加热,直至接收到用户终端下发的停止速热指令或速热条件不被满足时。如此,可保障确实完成电池自加热过程,减少因为误触或 其他原因造成提前结束加热,或加热结果不理想不能确切实现电池自加热等现象。
本实施例提供的电池加热方法,在接收到用户终端发送的,包括预约使用时间的预约启动指令之后,先确定电池和电机是否满足速热启动条件,在满足速热启动条件的情况下,可以在用户上车之前,或者采用外部充电设备(如充电桩)对电池进行充电之前,及时控制动力电池系统提前进行电池自加热,如此,在用户上车或插枪进行充电时,动力电池系统已完成电池自加热,使电池温度升高到适宜范围,电池的放电功率可以达到所需的较大功率,用户可随意使用车辆,或采用较大的电流对电池进行快速充电,无需在较冷的环境中等待较长的时间(电池自加热时间),极大提高了用户的用车体验。且在控制动力电池系统提前进行电池自加热时,且在控制动力电池系统提前进行电池自加热时,可根据预约时长和预测最大时长,控制动力电池系统进行电池自加热,使得启动自加热时间更加灵活。
另外,根据预测最大时长和预约时长,控制动力电池系统进行电池自加热时,可以先比较预约时长是否大于预测最大时长,若预约时长大于预测最大时长,可计算预约时长和预测最大时长的差值时长,并在差值时长后,控制动力电池系统进行电池自加热,如此,既能达到电池自加热的目的,又能减少资源浪费,降低电池自加热成本。若预约时长小于或等于预测最大时长,则立即控制动力电池系统进行电池自加热,如此,可尽量用更多的时间使电池较为缓慢地升温,以达到更为理想的升温效果,例如减少析锂现象产生。
根据本申请的一些实施方式,参见图2至图6,本申请还提供了一种电池加热方法,其可通过控制模块的车辆控制器、电池管理器及电机控制器共同完成,具体可以包括以下步骤:
1)车辆控制器通过云平台、TBOX(车联网系统)接收用户终端(车主APP)发送的第一指令,该第一指令中至少可包括:预计时间t1用车、电池包速热功能启动指令。通常车主上车前,可通过车主APP预约,时间t1后用车;
2)电池管理器BMS判断电池温度小于阈值Temp1,且电池包电量大 于阈值SOC1;电机控制器MCU判断电机扭矩、转速、电流为0,电机系统无故障。如果上述判断条件都满足,则电池管理器BMS和电机控制器MCU向车辆控制器VCU发送满足速热工况;否则发送不满足速热工况。
3)若整车自检异常,则车辆控制器VCU通过车联网系统TBOX、云平台,向车主APP发送不满足速热启动条件;若自检正常,则启动整车速热。
4)BMS控制继电器K1、K3闭合,待满足预充条件(假设继电器K2左侧电压为U1,右侧电压为U2,当U1-U2的绝对值小于ΔU,就说明预充完成了,一般ΔU=10V)后,闭合K2,后断开K3,这个过程是整车上高压流程,但并不排除有其他的上高压方式,这不是本专利的重点。
5)VCU向BMS发送第二指令,该第二指令中至少可包括:预计上车时间t(速热允许时间),目标温度Temp,速热启动指令。
6)每隔时间Ti,BMS查找预设表格,根据电池包当前温度以及目标温度Temp、速热允许时间t,获取当前状态下最适宜的速热条件;BMS定时向MCU发送速热限制条件:电流的频率限制f1、f2……fn,以及对应的电流幅值限制I1、I2……In。
7)在速热时间达到t1或者电池包温度达到目标温度Temp后,BMS通过VCU-云平台向APP发送速热完成指令,这里可以认为是第三指令。
实施例二
本实施例根据本申请的一些实施方式,参照图7,图7为本申请一些实施方式提供的另一种电池加热方法的流程示意图。如图7所示,该电池加热方法应用于车辆控制器,该方法可包括以下步骤:
步骤S21,接收用户终端发送的预约启动指令;预约启动指令可至少包括预约使用时间。
步骤S22,向电池管理器和电机控制器发送自检指令,以确定当前时刻动力电池系统是否满足预设的速热启动条件。
步骤S23,接收电池管理器反馈的第一自检结果,和电机控制器反馈的第二自检结果。
该第一自检结果用于表征:电池参数是否满足预设的速热启动条件。第二自检结果用于表征:电机参数是否满足预设的速热启动条件。
步骤S24,若第一自检结果和第二自检结果均表征满足预设的速热启动条件,则向电池管理器和电机控制器发送速热启动指令;速热启动指令可至少包括预约使用时间。
在一些实施例中,向电池管理器和电机控制器发送速热启动指令之前,还可以包括:向电池管理器发送上高压指令,以使电池管理器控制动力电池系统为用电设备提供预设高压。
需要说明的是,本实施例二与实施例一基于相同的构思,实施例一中相关的实施方式,及能够实现的有益效果,同样可应用于本实施例二,在此不再赘述。
实施例三
本实施例根据本申请的一些实施方式,参照图8,图8为本申请一些实施方式提供的另一种电池加热方法的流程示意图。如图8所示,该电池加热方法应用于电池管理器,该方法可包括以下步骤:
步骤S31,接收车辆控制器发送的自检指令,确定当前时刻的电池参数满足预设的速热启动条件。
步骤S32,接收车辆控制器发送的速热启动指令,
步骤S33,确定动力电池系统完成电池自加热所需的预测最大时长,以及当前时刻至预约使用时间的预约时长;速热启动指令可至少包括预约使用时间。
步骤S34,确根据预约时长和预测最大时长,控制动力电池系统进行电池自加热。
在一些实施方式中,根据所述预约时长和所述预测最大时长,控制动力电池系统进行电池自加热,可以包括:确定所述预约时长是否大于所述预测最大时长;若是,则在所述预约时长和所述预测最大时长的差值时长后,控制动力电池系统进行电池自加热。
在一些实施方式中,确定当前时刻的电池参数满足预设的速热启动条 件,可以包括:
确定电池的当前电池温度符合预设温度范围;
确定电池的当前容量大于或等于预设电池阈值。
在一些实施方式中,基于电池的当前温度和预设目标温度,确定动力电池系统完成电池自加热所需的预测最大时长,可以包括:
基于电池的当前温度和预设目标温度,查找预设加热表格,确定将电池自当前温度升温至预设目标温度所需的最大时长;预设加热表格至少记载当前温度、预设目标温度及预测最大时长的对应关系。
在一些实施方式中,基于电池的当前温度和预设目标温度,确定动力电池系统完成电池自加热所需的预测最大时长,可以包括:
基于电池的当前温度和预设目标温度,确定动力电池系统进行自加热的电流频率范围;
基于电流频率范围,计算将电池自当前温度升温至预设目标温度所需的预测最大时长。
在一些实施方式中,确定动力电池系统完成电池自加热所需的预测最大时长之后,还可以包括:
确定动力电池系统完成电池自加热所需的预测最小时长,并确定预约时长是否小于预测最小时长;
若是,则向车辆控制器反馈预热时间不足的信息。
在一些实施方式中,控制动力电池系统进行电池自加热之后,还可以包括:
确定动力电池系统是否完成电池自加热过程;
若是,则检测动力电池系统完成电池自加热后电池的实际温度,并确定实际温度是否大于或等于预设目标温度;
若是,则向车辆控制器发送电池预热完成信息;若否,则控制动力电池系统继续进行电池自加热过程。
在一些实施方式中,控制动力电池系统进行电池自加热之前,还可以包括:
接收车辆控制器发送的上高压指令,控制动力电池系统为用电设备提 供预设高压。
在一些实施方式中,动力电池系统可以包括并联的电池、逆变器、充放电切换电路,以及分别与逆变器的各相桥臂和充放电切换电路连接的电机;且电池与逆变器之间设置有开关电路;
控制动力电池系统为用电设备提供预设高压,可以包括:控制开关电路导通,使动力电池系统为用电设备提供预设高压。
在一些实施方式中,开关电路可以包括第一开关K1、第二开关K2、第三开关K3及第一电阻;第一开关K1设置于电池与逆变器的上桥臂之间;第二开关K2和第三开关K3并联,并均设置在电池与逆变器的下桥臂之间;第一电阻与第三开关K3串联,并与第二开关K2并联。
控制开关电路导通,使动力电池系统为用电设备提供预设高压,可以包括:控制第一开关K1和第三开关K3均导通,使第二开关K2靠近电池侧的第一电压,与靠近电机侧的第二电压之间的差值小于预设电压差;控制第二开关K2导通及第三开关K3关闭,为用电设备提供预设高压。
在一些实施例中,在预约时长和预测最大时长的差值时长后,控制动力电池系统进行电池自加热,可以包括:在差值时长后,基于电池的当前温度、预设目标温度及预测最大时长确定电池进行自加热的目标电流频率;目标电流频率为满足温升条件的最大电流频率;控制动力电池系统基于目标电流频率进行电池自加热。
在一些实施例中,该方法还可以包括:基于电池的当前温度、预设目标温度及预测最大时长,每隔预设时间或预测升温预设温度,重新确定电池进行自加热时的目标电流频率;控制动力电池系统基于当前最新确定的目标电流频率进行电池自加热。
在一些实施例中,根据预约时长和预测最大时长,控制动力电池系统进行电池自加热,可以包括:确定预约时长是否大于预测最大时长;若否,则立即控制动力电池系统进行电池自加热。
在一些实施例中,立即控制动力电池系统进行电池自加热,可以包括:立即基于电池的当前温度、预设目标温度及预约时长确定电池进行自加热的目标电流频率;目标电流频率为满足温升条件的最大电流频率;控制动 力电池系统基于目标电流频率进行电池自加热。
需要说明的是,本实施例三与实施例一基于相同的构思,实施例一中相关的实施方式,及能够实现的有益效果,同样可应用于本实施例三,在此不再赘述。
实施例四
本实施例根据本申请的一些实施方式,参照图9,图9为本申请一些实施方式提供的一种电池加热装置的结构示意图。该电池加热装置用于实现实施例一提供的电池加热方法,如图9所示,该电池加热装置可以包括:指令接收模块、条件确定模块、时长确定模块及加热启动模块,其中:
指令接收模块,用于接收用户终端发送的预约启动指令;预约启动指令可以至少包括预约使用时间;
条件确定模块,用于确定当前时刻动力电池系统满足预设的速热启动条件;
时长确定模块,用于确定动力电池系统完成电池自加热所需的预测最大时长,以及当前时刻至预约使用时间的预约时长;
加热启动模块,用于根据预约时长和预测最大时长,控制动力电池系统进行电池自加热。
需要说明的是,本实施例四与实施例一基于相同的构思,实施例一中相关的实施方式,及能够实现的有益效果,同样可应用于本实施例四,在此不再赘述。
实施例五
基于上述动力电池加热电路相同的构思,本申请实施例还提供一种用电设备,该用电设备可以包括动力电池系统,还可以包括如上述的电池加热装置。
该用电设备可以但不限于电动汽车、轮船、航天器、电动玩具、电动工具、电瓶车等。
需要说明的是,本实施例五与实施例一基于相同的构思,实施例一中 相关的实施方式,及能够实现的有益效果,同样可应用于本实施例五,在此不再赘述。
实施例六
本实施例根据本申请的一些实施方式,还提供一种电子设备,该电子设备可以包括存储器、处理器及存储在存储器上并可在处理器上运行的计算机程序,处理器运行计算机程序以实现如上述实施例一、实施例二、实施例三任意实施方式的方法。
该电子设备具体可以为实施例一中的控制模块,即域控制器。也可以为实施例二中的车辆控制器,也可以为实施例三中的电池管理器,也可以为其它用于实现上述各实施例的电子元件,如集成芯片、单片机等。
需要说明的是,本实施例六与实施例一基于相同的构思,实施例一中相关的实施方式,及能够实现的有益效果,同样可应用于本实施例六,在此不再赘述。
实施例七
本实施例根据本申请的一些实施方式,还提供一种计算机可读存储介质,其上存储有计算机程序,程序被处理器执行实现如上述实施例一、实施例二、实施例三任意实施方式的方法。
需要说明的是,本实施例七与实施例一基于相同的构思,实施例一中相关的实施方式,及能够实现的有益效果,同样可应用于本实施例七,在此不再赘述。
最后应说明的是:以上各实施例仅用以说明本申请的技术方案,而非对其限制;尽管参照前述各实施例对本申请进行了详细的说明,本领域的普通技术人员应当理解:其依然可以对前述各实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改,或者对其中部分或者全部技术特征进行等同替换;而这些修改或者替换,并不使相应技术方案的本质脱离本申请各实施例技术方案的范围,其均应涵盖在本申请的权利要求和说明书的范围当中。尤其是,只要不存 在结构冲突,各个实施例中所提到的各项技术特征均可以任意方式组合起来。本申请并不局限于文中公开的特定实施例,而是包括落入权利要求的范围内的所有技术方案。

Claims (36)

  1. 一种电池加热方法,其特征在于,包括:
    接收用户终端发送的预约启动指令,所述预约启动指令至少包括预约使用时间;
    确定当前时刻动力电池系统满足预设的速热启动条件;
    确定动力电池系统完成电池自加热所需的预测最大时长,以及当前时刻至所述预约使用时间的预约时长;
    根据所述预约时长和所述预测最大时长,控制动力电池系统进行电池自加热。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的电池加热方法,其特征在于,根据所述预约时长和所述预测最大时长,控制动力电池系统进行电池自加热,包括:
    确定所述预约时长是否大于所述预测最大时长;
    若是,则在所述预约时长和所述预测最大时长的差值时长后,控制所述动力电池系统基于所述预测最大时长,进行电池自加热。
  3. 如权利要求1所述的电池加热方法,其特征在于,所述确定当前时刻动力电池系统满足预设的速热启动条件,包括:
    确定电池的当前电池温度符合预设温度范围;
    确定电池的当前容量大于或等于预设电池阈值;
    确定电机当前处于静止状态且无故障。
  4. 如权利要求3所述的电池加热方法,其特征在于,所述确定当前时刻的电池温度符合预设温度范围,包括:
    确定当前时刻的电池温度小于第一预设温度阈值,且大于第二预设温度阈值。
  5. 如权利要求1所述的电池加热方法,其特征在于,所述确定动力电池系统完成电池自加热所需的预测最大时长,包括:
    基于电池的当前温度和预设目标温度,查找预设加热表格,确定将电池自当前温度升温至预设目标温度所需的预测最大时长;所述预设加热表格至少记载当前温度、预设目标温度及预测最大时长的对应关系。
  6. 如权利要求1所述的电池加热方法,其特征在于,所述确定动力电池系统完成电池自加热所需的预测最大时长,包括:
    基于电池的当前温度和预设目标温度,确定所述动力电池系统进行自加热的电流频率范围;
    基于所述电流频率范围,计算将电池自当前温度升温至预设目标温度所需的预测最大时长。
  7. 如权利要求1所述的电池加热方法,其特征在于,所述确定动力电池系统完成电池自加热所需的预测最大时长之后,还包括:
    确定所述动力电池系统完成电池自加热所需的最小时长,并确定所述预约时长是否小于所述预测最小时长;
    若是,则向所述用户终端反馈预热时间不足的信息。
  8. 如权利要求2所述的电池加热方法,其特征在于,在所述差值时长后,控制动力电池系统进行电池自加热,包括:
    在所述差值时长后,基于电池的当前温度、预设目标温度及所述预测最大时长确定电池进行自加热的目标电流频率;所述目标电流频率为满足温升条件的最大电流频率;
    控制所述动力电池系统基于所述目标电流频率进行电池自加热。
  9. 如权利要求8所述的电池加热方法,其特征在于,所述方法还包括:
    基于电池的当前温度、预设目标温度及所述预测最大时长,每隔预设时间或预测升温预设温度,重新确定电池进行自加热时的目标电流频率;
    控制所述动力电池系统基于当前最新确定的目标电流频率进行电池自加热。
  10. 如权利要求1所述的电池加热方法,其特征在于,根据所述预约时长和所述预测最大时长,控制动力电池系统进行电池自加热,包括:
    确定所述预约时长是否大于所述预测最大时长;
    若否,则立即控制动力电池系统进行电池自加热。
  11. 如权利要求10所述的电池加热方法,其特征在于,所述立即控制动力电池系统进行电池自加热,包括:
    立即基于电池的当前温度、预设目标温度及所述预约时长确定电池进行自加热的目标电流频率;所述目标电流频率为满足温升条件的最大电流频率;
    控制所述动力电池系统基于所述目标电流频率进行电池自加热。
  12. 如权利要求11所述的电池加热方法,其特征在于,所述方法还包括:
    基于电池的当前温度、预设目标温度及所述预约时长,每隔预设时间或预测升温预设温度,重新确定电池进行自加热时的目标电流频率;
    控制所述动力电池系统基于当前最新确定的目标电流频率进行电池自加热。
  13. 如权利要求1所述的电池加热方法,其特征在于,控制所述动力电池系统进行电池自加热之后,还包括:
    确定所述动力电池系统是否完成电池自加热;
    若是,则检测所述动力电池系统完成电池自加热后电池的实际温度,并确定所述实际温度是否大于或等于所述预设目标温度;
    若是,则向所述用户终端发送电池预热完成信息;若否,则控制所述动力电池系统继续进行电池自加热。
  14. 如权利要求1-13任一项所述的电池加热方法,其特征在于,所述动力电池系统包括并联的电池、逆变器、充放电切换电路,以及分别与所述逆变器的各相桥臂和所述充放电切换电路连接的电机;且所述电池与所述逆变器之间设置有开关电路;
    控制所述动力电池系统进行电池自加热之前,还包括:
    控制所述开关电路导通,使所述动力电池系统为用电设备提供预设高压;所述用电设备采用所述动力电池系统提供动力。
  15. 如权利要求14所述的电池加热方法,其特征在于,所述开关电路包括第一开关、第二开关、第三开关及第一电阻;所述第一开关设置于所述电池与所述逆变器的上桥臂之间;所述第二开关和所述第三开关并联,并均设置在所述电池与所述逆变器的下桥臂之间;所述第一电阻与所述第三开关串联,并与所述第二开关并联;
    控制所述开关电路导通,使所述动力电池系统为用电设备提供预设高压,包括:
    控制所述第一开关和所述第三开关均导通,使所述第二开关靠近电池 侧的第一电压,与靠近电机侧的第二电压之间的差值小于预设电压差;
    控制所述第二开关导通及所述第三开关关闭,使所述动力电池系统为所述用电设备提供预设高压。
  16. 如权利要求15所述的电池加热方法,其特征在于,所述开关电路还包括第四开关,所述第四开关设置于所述电机和所述充放电切换电路之间;
    控制所述动力电池系统进行电池自加热之后,还包括:
    检测所述充放电切换电路是否发生短路;
    若是,则控制所述第四开关断开。
  17. 一种电池加热方法,其特征在于,应用于车辆控制器,包括:
    接收用户终端发送的预约启动指令;所述预约启动指令至少包括预约使用时间;
    向电池管理器和电机控制器发送自检指令,以确定当前时刻动力电池系统是否满足预设的速热启动条件;
    接收所述电池管理器反馈的第一自检结果,和所述电机控制器反馈的第二自检结果;
    若所述第一自检结果和所述第二自检结果均表征满足预设的速热启动条件,则向电池管理器和电机控制器发送速热启动指令;所述速热启动指令至少包括所述预约使用时间。
  18. 如权利要求17所述的电池加热方法,其特征在于,所述向电池管理器和电机控制器发送速热启动指令之前,还包括:
    向所述电池管理器发送上高压指令,以使所述电池管理器控制所述动力电池系统为用电设备提供预设高压。
  19. 一种电池加热方法,其特征在于,应用于电池管理器,包括:
    接收车辆控制器发送的自检指令,确定当前时刻的电池参数满足预设的速热启动条件;
    接收车辆控制器发送的速热启动指令;所述速热启动指令至少包括预约使用时间;
    确定动力电池系统完成电池自加热所需的预测最大时长,以及当前时 刻至所述预约使用时间的预约时长是否大于所述预测最大时长;
    根据所述预约时长和所述预测最大时长,控制所述动力电池系统进行电池自加热。
  20. 如权利要求19所述的电池加热方法,其特征在于,根据所述预约时长和所述预测最大时长,控制动力电池系统进行电池自加热,包括:
    确定所述预约时长是否大于所述预测最大时长;
    若是,则在所述预约时长和所述预测最大时长的差值时长后,控制动力电池系统进行电池自加热。
  21. 如权利要求19所述的电池加热方法,其特征在于,所述确定当前时刻的电池参数满足预设的速热启动条件,包括:
    确定电池的当前电池温度符合预设温度范围;
    确定电池的当前容量大于或等于预设电池阈值。
  22. 如权利要求21所述的电池加热方法,其特征在于,所述确定动力电池系统完成电池自加热所需的预测最大时长,包括:
    基于电池的当前温度和预设目标温度,查找预设加热表格,确定将电池自当前温度升温至预设目标温度所需的最大时长;所述预设加热表格至少记载所述当前温度、所述预设目标温度及所述预测最大时长的对应关系。
  23. 如权利要求21所述的电池加热方法,其特征在于,所述确定动力电池系统完成电池自加热所需的预测最大时长,包括:
    基于电池的当前温度和预设目标温度,确定所述动力电池系统进行自加热的电流频率范围;
    基于所述电流频率范围,计算将电池自当前温度升温至预设目标温度所需的预测最大时长。
  24. 如权利要求19所述的电池加热方法,其特征在于,所述确定动力电池系统完成电池自加热所需的预测最大时长之后,还包括:
    确定动力电池系统完成电池自加热所需的预测最小时长,并确定所述预约时长是否小于所述预测最小时长;
    若是,则向车辆控制器反馈预热时间不足的信息。
  25. 如权利要求19所述的电池加热方法,其特征在于,所述控制所述 动力电池系统进行电池自加热之后,还包括:
    确定所述动力电池系统是否完成电池自加热过程;
    若是,则检测所述动力电池系统完成电池自加热后电池的实际温度,并确定所述实际温度是否大于或等于所述预设目标温度;
    若是,则向车辆控制器发送电池预热完成信息;若否,则控制所述动力电池系统继续进行电池自加热过程。
  26. 如权利要求19所述的电池加热方法,其特征在于,所述控制动力电池系统进行电池自加热之前,还包括:
    接收车辆控制器发送的上高压指令,控制所述动力电池系统为用电设备提供预设高压;所述用电设备采用所述动力电池系统提供动力。
  27. 如权利要求19-26任一项所述的电池加热方法,其特征在于,所述动力电池系统包括并联的电池、逆变器、充放电切换电路,以及分别与所述逆变器的各相桥臂和所述充放电切换电路连接的电机;且所述电池与所述逆变器之间设置有开关电路;
    控制所述动力电池系统为用电设备提供预设高压,包括:
    控制所述开关电路导通,使所述动力电池系统为所述用电设备提供预设高压。
  28. 如权利要求27所述的电池加热方法,其特征在于,所述开关电路包括第一开关、第二开关、第三开关及第一电阻;所述第一开关设置于所述电池与所述逆变器的上桥臂之间;所述第二开关和所述第三开关并联,并均设置在所述电池与所述逆变器的下桥臂之间;所述第一电阻与所述第三开关串联,并与所述第二开关并联;
    所述控制所述开关电路导通,使所述动力电池系统为所述用电设备提供预设高压,包括:
    控制所述第一开关和所述第三开关均导通,使所述第二开关靠近电池侧的第一电压,与靠近电机侧的第二电压之间的差值小于预设电压差;
    控制所述第二开关导通及所述第三开关关闭,为所述用电设备提供预设高压。
  29. 如权利要求21所述的电池加热方法,其特征在于,在所述预约时 长和所述预测最大时长的差值时长后,控制动力电池系统进行电池自加热,包括:
    在所述差值时长后,基于电池的当前温度、预设目标温度及所述预测最大时长确定电池进行自加热的目标电流频率;所述目标电流频率为满足温升条件的最大电流频率;
    控制所述动力电池系统基于所述目标电流频率进行电池自加热。
  30. 如权利要求29所述的电池加热方法,其特征在于,所述方法还包括:
    基于电池的当前温度、预设目标温度及所述预测最大时长,每隔预设时间或预测升温预设温度,重新确定电池进行自加热时的目标电流频率;
    控制所述动力电池系统基于当前最新确定的目标电流频率进行电池自加热。
  31. 如权利要求19所述的电池加热方法,其特征在于,根据所述预约时长和所述预测最大时长,控制动力电池系统进行电池自加热,包括:
    确定所述预约时长是否大于所述预测最大时长;
    若否,则立即控制动力电池系统进行电池自加热。
  32. 如权利要求31所述的电池加热方法,其特征在于,所述立即控制动力电池系统进行电池自加热,包括:
    立即基于电池的当前温度、预设目标温度及所述预约时长确定电池进行自加热的目标电流频率;所述目标电流频率为满足温升条件的最大电流频率;
    控制所述动力电池系统基于所述目标电流频率进行电池自加热。
  33. 一种电池加热装置,其特征在于,包括:
    指令接收模块,用于接收用户终端发送的预约启动指令;所述预约启动指令至少包括预约使用时间;
    条件确定模块,用于确定当前时刻动力电池系统是否满足预设的速热启动条件;
    时长确定模块,用于若是,则确定动力电池系统完成电池自加热所需的预测最大时长,以及当前时刻至所述预约使用时间的预约时长;
    加热启动模块,用于根据所述预约时长和所述预测最大时长,控制动力电池系统进行电池自加热。
  34. 一种用电设备,其特征在于,包括动力电池系统,还包括权利要求26所述的电池加热装置。
  35. 一种电子设备,其特征在于,包括存储器、处理器及存储在所述存储器上并可在所述处理器上运行的计算机程序,所述处理器运行所述计算机程序以实现如权利要求1-32任一项所述的方法。
  36. 一种计算机可读存储介质,其上存储有计算机程序,其特征在于,所述程序被处理器执行实现如权利要求1-32中任一项所述的方法。
PCT/CN2023/082266 2022-04-26 2023-03-17 电池加热方法、装置、用电设备及存储介质 WO2023207414A1 (zh)

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