WO2023206858A1 - 背光模组及显示装置 - Google Patents

背光模组及显示装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023206858A1
WO2023206858A1 PCT/CN2022/111525 CN2022111525W WO2023206858A1 WO 2023206858 A1 WO2023206858 A1 WO 2023206858A1 CN 2022111525 W CN2022111525 W CN 2022111525W WO 2023206858 A1 WO2023206858 A1 WO 2023206858A1
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Prior art keywords
light
included angle
backlight module
angle
grating
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PCT/CN2022/111525
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
陈蔚轩
赖俊豪
蔡文豪
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瑞仪(广州)光电子器件有限公司
瑞仪光电股份有限公司
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Publication of WO2023206858A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023206858A1/zh

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21V—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F21V5/00—Refractors for light sources
    • F21V5/02—Refractors for light sources of prismatic shape
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
    • G02F1/1336—Illuminating devices

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an optical element, and in particular to a backlight module and a display device that can deflect light field distribution.
  • the viewing angle needs to be extremely wide in the horizontal direction so that passengers on the left and right sides can see the display content on the screen.
  • the backlight module used in the center console (Center Informative Display, CID) is difficult to apply to the display directly in front of the driver's seat (Driver Information Display, DID) or the display in front of the passenger seat (Co-Driver Display, CDD), because the large-angle light of the automotive display device may be reflected by the car window and affect driving. Therefore, the existing backlight module architecture cannot meet the special viewing angle requirements of the automotive display device.
  • an object of the present invention is to provide a backlight module whose light field distribution can be biased to one side.
  • the backlight module includes a surface light source, a grating diaphragm and a light control diaphragm arranged on the light exit side of the surface light source. It is defined that the grating diaphragm has a first direction and a second direction that is not parallel to the first direction.
  • the grating diaphragm has a plurality of blocking portions spaced along the first direction and a plurality of blocking portions disposed between adjacent blocking portions. a light-transmitting part, wherein the blocking part and the light-transmitting part extend along the second direction.
  • the light control film has a first reference surface and a plurality of first prism structures disposed on the first reference surface along the first direction.
  • Each of the first prism structures extends along the second direction, wherein each The first prism structure has a first optical surface and a second optical surface. There is a first included angle between the first optical surface and the first reference surface. There is an angle between the second optical surface and the first reference surface. The second included angle, the first included angle is an acute angle, and the first included angle is smaller than the second included angle.
  • the backlight module further includes a prism sheet disposed between the surface light source and the grating diaphragm.
  • the prism sheet has a plurality of strip-shaped microstructures extending along the first direction. .
  • the backlight module further includes a prism sheet disposed between the surface light source and the grating film, and the prism sheet has a plurality of strip-shaped microstructures respectively extending along the second direction. .
  • the first included angle of the light control film is less than 45 degrees, and the second included angle is a right angle.
  • Another technical means of the present invention is that the first reference surface of the light control film faces away from the grating film.
  • the light control film also has a second reference surface relative to the first reference surface and a plurality of second prism structures arranged on the second reference surface along the first direction.
  • each second prism structure extends along the second direction, wherein each second prism structure has a third optical surface and a fourth optical surface, and there is a third optical surface between the third optical surface and the second reference surface.
  • Three included angles, the fourth optical surface and the second reference surface have a fourth included angle, the third included angle is an acute angle, and the third included angle is smaller than the fourth included angle.
  • Another technical means of the present invention is that the first included angle of the first prism structure and the third included angle of the second prism structure face the same side of the light control film, and the first included angle and The third included angle is both less than 45 degrees, and the second included angle and the fourth included angle are both greater than 45 degrees.
  • Another technical means of the present invention is that the first included angle is greater than the third included angle.
  • the fourth included angle is larger than the second included angle, and the fourth included angle is a right angle.
  • Another technical means of the present invention is that the first reference surface of the light control film faces away from the grating film, and the second reference surface faces the grating film.
  • the surface light source includes a light guide plate and a light bar.
  • the light guide plate has a light entrance side and a light exit side connected to the light entrance side.
  • the light bar is disposed on the light entrance side of the light guide plate. , the light exit side faces the grating film.
  • the light bar has a circuit board and a plurality of light-emitting components, the circuit board extends along the first direction, and the plurality of light-emitting components are arranged along the first direction.
  • the surface light source includes a circuit board parallel to the grating diaphragm and a plurality of light-emitting components arranged on the circuit board.
  • the surface light source further includes a diffusion plate.
  • the diffusion plate has a bottom surface and a top surface relative to the bottom surface. The bottom surface faces the circuit board, and the top surface faces the grating diaphragm.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide a display device, including the aforementioned backlight module and a display panel disposed on the backlight module.
  • the effect of the present invention is that through the design that the blocking part and the light-transmitting part of the grating diaphragm extend in the same direction as the first prism structure of the light control diaphragm, and in conjunction with the angle design of the first inner angle, due to the
  • the first prism structure of the light control film is an angularly asymmetric microstructure, so when the light passes through the light control film, it will be deflected to one side by its angularly asymmetrical microstructure, causing the light on the other side to emerge. rate will be suppressed.
  • the backlight module of the present invention when the backlight module of the present invention is applied to the display in front of the driver's seat (Driver Information Display, DID) or the display in front of the passenger's seat (Co-Driver Display, CDD), its light field distribution can be biased in one direction. side and not easily affected by glass reflections from left/right windows.
  • DID Driver Information Display
  • CDD Co-Driver Display
  • Figure 1 is an exploded perspective view of the first preferred embodiment of the backlight module of the present invention, in which the light source is an edge-type light source;
  • Figure 2 is a side view illustrating Figure 1 from another angle
  • Figure 3 is a partial enlarged view illustrating the structure of the light control film in the first preferred embodiment
  • Figure 4 is a light field distribution diagram illustrating the light field distribution without using the light control film of the present invention.
  • Figure 5 is a light field distribution diagram illustrating the light field distribution when the microstructure of the light control diaphragm and the microstructure of the grating diaphragm are perpendicular to each other;
  • Figure 6 is a light field distribution diagram illustrating the light field distribution when the microstructure of the light control film and the microstructure of the grating film are parallel to each other and the microstructure of the prism sheet and the microstructure of the light control film are perpendicular to each other;
  • Figure 7 is an exploded perspective view illustrating that the microstructure of the light control film, the microstructure of the grating film, and the microstructure of the prism sheet are parallel to each other;
  • Figure 8 is a light field distribution diagram illustrating the light field distribution formed by the structure of Figure 7;
  • Figure 9 is a partial enlarged view of the partial structure of the light control film in the second preferred embodiment of the backlight module of the present invention.
  • Figure 10 is a light field distribution diagram illustrating the light field distribution formed by the structure of Figure 9;
  • Figure 11 is an exploded perspective view of another form of the first preferred embodiment, in which the light source is a direct light source;
  • Figure 12 is an exploded perspective view of the third preferred embodiment of the backlight module of the present invention.
  • Figure 13 is a partial enlarged view of the partial structure of the light control film in the third preferred embodiment of the backlight module of the present invention.
  • Figure 14 is a light field distribution diagram illustrating the light field distribution formed by the structure of Figure 13;
  • Figure 15 is a graph quantifying the light field distribution values of various embodiments.
  • FIG. 16 is a schematic diagram illustrating the light deflection range of the backlight module of the present invention when used in a vehicle-mounted device.
  • the light field distribution diagram disclosed in the present invention is based on observing the brightness levels of the light-emitting surface in the 360-degree direction from the forward direction of the backlight module (perpendicular to the light-emitting plane). Therefore, the light field distribution diagram is circular.
  • the circumference of the circle is marked in degrees.
  • the scales marked by each concentric circle inside represent the tilt angle between the viewing direction and the forward direction of the backlight module.
  • FIG. 1 and 2 which is a first preferred embodiment of the backlight module of the present invention, it includes a surface light source 2, a prism sheet 3, a grating film 4 and a light control film 5.
  • a display panel (not shown) is provided in the light emitting direction of the light control film 5, which is a display device.
  • the grating diaphragm 4 is defined to have a first direction X and a second direction Y that is not parallel to the first direction X.
  • the second direction Y is perpendicular to the first direction X, but the invention is not limited thereto.
  • the grating film 4 has a plurality of blocking portions 41 spaced apart along the first direction extends along the second direction Y.
  • the light control film 5 has a first reference surface 51 facing away from the grating film 4 and a plurality of first prism structures 52 disposed on the first reference surface 51 along the first direction X.
  • Each first prism structure 52 extends along the second direction Y. That is to say, the blocking portion 41 and the light-transmitting portion 42 of the grating film 4 are arranged parallel to the first prism structure 52 of the light control film 5 .
  • Each first prism structure 52 has a first optical surface 521 and a second optical surface 522. The first optical surface 521, the second optical surface 522 and the first reference surface 51 together form a triangle, so that each first prism structure 52 Has a triangular cross section. As shown in FIG.
  • first included angle ⁇ 1 between the first optical surface 521 and the first reference surface 51
  • second included angle ⁇ 2 between the second optical surface 522 and the first reference surface 51
  • the included angle ⁇ 1 is an acute angle
  • the first included angle ⁇ 1 is smaller than the second included angle ⁇ 2.
  • the first included angle ⁇ 1 is 20°
  • the second included angle ⁇ 2 is 80°, so that each first prism structure 52 has an angle between the first included angle ⁇ 1 and the second included angle ⁇ 2.
  • the cross section of a triangle where the included angle ⁇ 2 is asymmetric.
  • the backlight module disclosed in this embodiment first uses the grating diaphragm 4 to change the light field distribution of the surface light source 2 to a single direction, and then uses the light control diaphragm 5 having the same extension direction as the blocking portion 41 of the grating diaphragm 4
  • the first prism structure 52 adjusts the light field distribution in a single direction, and because the first prism structure 52 of the light control film 5 has an asymmetric microstructure in which the first included angle ⁇ 1 is smaller than the second included angle ⁇ 2 , so when the light passes through the light control film 5, it will be effectively deflected and guided to a specific side light emission by its angularly asymmetric microstructure, so that the light extraction efficiency on the other side is effectively suppressed.
  • the light field distribution can be biased to one side and not easily affected. Affected by glass reflections from left/right windows.
  • FIG. 4 it is a light field distribution diagram without using the light control film 5 of the present invention. It can be seen that the dark range is located in the center without any polarization effect.
  • FIG. 5 even if the light control film 5 of the present invention is used, due to the extending direction of the first prism structure 52 of the light control film 5 and the blocking part 41 and the light transmitting part 42 of the grating film 4 The extension directions are perpendicular to each other, so the polarization effect is still not possible and a lot of noise will be generated on both sides.
  • the present invention must use the light control film 5 and the grating film 4 at the same time, and the extending direction of the first prism structure 52 of the light control film 5 is in contact with the blocking portion 41 and the transparent part of the grating film 4.
  • the extension directions of the light portions 42 must be parallel to each other, so as to make the dark range deviate from the center and produce the required polarizing effect as shown in FIG. 6 .
  • the prism sheet 3 is interposed between the surface light source 2 and the grating diaphragm 4 to assist in converging the light field distribution of the surface light source 2, so that the light can enter the grating diaphragm 4 above the prism sheet 3 more concentratedly. Avoid light energy loss.
  • the prism sheet 3 has a plurality of strip-shaped microstructures 31.
  • the strip-shaped microstructures 31 can be as shown in Figure 1, extending along the first direction X, and their light field distribution is as shown in Figure 6, which can produce good polarization. Effect.
  • the strip-shaped microstructure 31 may also extend along the second direction Y as shown in FIG. 7 , and its light field distribution may be as shown in FIG. 8 , which can also produce a good polarizing effect. Comparing Figures 6 and 8, it can be seen that the extending direction of the strip-shaped microstructures 31 of the prism sheet 3 does not affect the polarization effect.
  • FIG. 9 is a second preferred embodiment of the backlight module of the present invention.
  • the difference from the first preferred embodiment is that the first inner angle of the light control film 5 is less than 45 degrees, and the second inner angle of the light control film 5 is less than 45 degrees.
  • the included angle is a right angle.
  • the first included angle ⁇ 1 is 10°
  • the second included angle ⁇ 2 is 90°, so that each first prism structure 52 has a right-angled triangle cross-section.
  • the second internal angle ⁇ 2 can also be an acute angle to improve the problem that the diaphragm mold is not easy to release when the diaphragm mold is designed at a right angle.
  • the surface light source 2 is of side-entry type and includes a light guide plate 21 , a diffusion film 22 and a light bar 23 .
  • the light guide plate 21 has a light entrance side 211 and a light exit side 212 connected to the light entrance side 211.
  • the diffusion film 22 is disposed on the light exit side 212 of the light guide plate 21.
  • the light bar 23 is disposed on the light entrance side 211 of the light guide plate 21.
  • the light exit side 212 faces Grating diaphragm 4.
  • the light bar 23 has a circuit board 231 (not shown in FIG. 2 ) and a plurality of light-emitting elements 232 .
  • the circuit board 231 extends along the first direction X, and the light-emitting elements 232 are arranged along the first direction X. Therefore, the arrangement directions of the circuit board 231 and the light-emitting components 232 are different from the extending directions of the blocking portion 41 of the grating film 4 and the first prism structure 52 of the light control film 5, and are perpendicular to each other in this embodiment. In this way, the light can be effectively deflected and guided to a specific side for light extraction, while effectively suppressing the light extraction efficiency for the other side. If the first prism structure 52 of the light control film 5 extends in the same direction, the light emission phenomenon on the other side will still occur and cannot be suppressed.
  • the surface light source 2 may be a direct surface light source and include a circuit board 231 parallel to the grating film 4 and a plurality of light-emitting elements arranged on the circuit board 231 . 232 and diffusion plate 24.
  • the diffusion plate 24 has a bottom surface 241 and a top surface 242 opposite to the bottom surface 241.
  • the bottom surface 241 faces the circuit board 231, and the top surface 242 faces the grating diaphragm 4.
  • the surface light source 2 can be either side-type or direct-type.
  • a third preferred embodiment of the backlight module of the present invention which includes a surface light source 2 , a prism sheet 3 , a grating film 4 and a light control film 5 .
  • the light control film 5 further has a plurality of second prism structures 54 facing the grating film 4 and arranged along the first direction X.
  • Each first prism structure 52 and each second prism structure 54 extend along the second direction Y.
  • the light control film 5 further has a second reference surface 53 relative to the first reference surface 51 and facing the grating film 4 and arranged along the first direction X on the second reference surface 53 .
  • a plurality of second prism structures 54 .
  • Each first prism structure 52 has a first optical surface 521 and a second optical surface 522.
  • Each second prism structure 54 has a third optical surface 541 and a fourth optical surface 542.
  • the third optical surface 541 and the second reference surface 53 have a third included angle ⁇ 3.
  • the fourth optical surface 542 and the second reference surface 542 have a third inner angle ⁇ 3.
  • There is a fourth included angle ⁇ 4 between the surfaces 53 the third included angle ⁇ 3 is an acute angle, and the third included angle ⁇ 3 is smaller than the fourth included angle ⁇ 4 .
  • the first included angle ⁇ 1 of the first prism structure 52 and the third included angle ⁇ 3 of the second prism structure 54 face the same side of the light control film 5 .
  • the first included angle ⁇ 1 and the third included angle ⁇ 3 are both less than 45 degrees
  • the second included angle ⁇ 2 and the fourth included angle ⁇ 4 are both greater than 45 degrees
  • the first included angle ⁇ 1 is greater than the third included angle ⁇ 3
  • the fourth included angle ⁇ 4 is greater than the second included angle ⁇ 2
  • the fourth included angle ⁇ 4 is a right angle.
  • the first included angle ⁇ 1 is 20°
  • the second included angle ⁇ 2 is 80°
  • the third included angle ⁇ 3 is 10°
  • the fourth included angle ⁇ 4 is 90°.
  • the first prism structure with only one side can be
  • the light field deflection effect produced by the prism structure 52 can be changed by fine-tuning the angle to meet different usage situations or customer requirements.
  • the first prism structure 52 and the second prism structure 54 are convex structures, but they can also be concave structures in actual implementation, and their light field deflection effects are still basically the same or similar, so they should not be used in this way. The description of the examples is limited.
  • the dotted line represents the control group using only the grating diaphragm 4, the dotted line represents the first preferred embodiment, the dotted chain line with one long and one short represents the second preferred embodiment, and the solid line represents the third preferred embodiment.
  • the third preferred embodiment can most effectively suppress the light output at the viewing angle of -30° to -15°, and shift the light output to 15° to 30°. At a viewing angle, it can effectively suppress the light output rate of a single side and produce a polarizing effect.
  • each inner angle of the light control film 5 can be adjusted to adjust the light deflection range according to different application environments to obtain the best polarization effect.
  • the image of the vehicle-mounted instrument panel 91 located on the driver's seat side can be projected onto the driver's seat and passenger seat. , but will not be reflected by the window on the driver's seat side, or as shown in Figure 16(b), the image of the display screen 92 located on the passenger seat side can be projected to the positions of the driver's seat and passenger seat, but It will not be reflected by the window on the passenger side, reducing interference caused by image reflection.
  • the backlight module of the present invention adopts a design in which the grating film and the light control film are matched with each other, and the blocking part and the light transmitting part of the grating film extend in the same direction as the first prism structure of the light control film. Combined with the angle design of each internal angle, the light can be deflected to one side and the light extraction rate of the other side can be suppressed, making it suitable for use in environments that require anisotropic light fields.
  • ⁇ 4 is the fourth internal angle.

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Abstract

一种背光模组和显示装置，背光模组包含面光源（2）、光栅膜片（4）及控光膜片（5）。光栅膜片（4）具有多个阻挡部（41）及设置于相邻阻挡部（41）之间的多个透光部（42）。控光膜片（5）具有第一参考面（51）及设置于第一参考面（51）上的多个第一棱镜结构（52）。阻挡部（41）、透光部（42）及第一棱镜结构（52）同向延伸。每一第一棱镜结构（52）具有第一光学面（521）及第二光学面（522），第一光学面（521）和第二光学面（522）分别与第一参考面（51）形成第一内夹角（θ1）和第二内夹角（θ2），第一内夹角（θ1）为锐角且小于第二内夹角（θ2）。藉此可将光线往一侧偏折并抑制另一侧的出光率。

Description

背光模组及显示装置
本申请要求享有于2022年4月28日提交的申请号为202210460207.1、发明名称为“背光模组及显示设备”的中国专利申请的优先权，在此通过引用将其全部内容结合于本申请中。
技术领域
本发明涉及一种光学元件，特别是涉及一种可以偏折光场分布的背光模组及显示装置。
背景技术
对车用显示装置来说，例如中控台(Center Informative Display,CID)，其视野角需求在水平方向极为宽广，以便左右两侧的乘客皆能看到屏幕的显示内容。
然而，应用于中控台(Center Informative Display,CID)的背光模组，却难以应用在正驾驶座前方的显示器(Driver Information Display,DID)或是副驾驶座前方的显示器(Co-Driver Display,CDD)，原因在于车用显示装置的大角度光线可能会经由车窗反射而影响驾驶，因此现有的背光模组架构无法符合车用显示装置的特殊视野角需求。
发明内容
因此，本发明的目的在于提供一种光场分布可以偏向一侧的背光模组。
背光模组包含面光源、设置于该面光源的出光侧的光栅膜片及控光膜片。定义该光栅膜片具有第一方向及不平行于该第一方向的第二方向，该光栅膜片具有沿该第一方向间隔设置的多个阻挡部及设置于相邻阻挡部之间的多个透光部，其中，该阻挡部及该透光部沿该第二方向延伸。该控光膜片具有第一参考面及沿该第一方向设置于该第一参考面上的多个第一棱 镜结构，每一该第一棱镜结构沿该第二方向延伸，其中，每一该第一棱镜结构具有第一光学面及第二光学面，该第一光学面与该第一参考面之间具有第一内夹角，该第二光学面与该第一参考面之间具有第二内夹角，该第一内夹角为锐角，且该第一内夹角小于该第二内夹角。
本发明的另一技术手段，是在于该背光模组还包含设置于该面光源与该光栅膜片之间的棱镜片，该棱镜片具有分别沿该第一方向延伸的多个条状微结构。
本发明的另一技术手段，是在于该背光模组还包含设置于该面光源与该光栅膜片之间的棱镜片，该棱镜片具有分别沿该第二方向延伸的多个条状微结构。
本发明的另一技术手段，是在于该控光膜片的该第一内夹角小于45度，该第二内夹角为直角。
本发明的另一技术手段，是在于该控光膜片的该第一参考面背向该光栅膜片。
本发明的另一技术手段，是在于该控光膜片还具有相对于该第一参考面的第二参考面及沿该第一方向设置于该第二参考面上的多个第二棱镜结构，每一该第二棱镜结构沿该第二方向延伸，其中，每一该第二棱镜结构具有第三光学面及第四光学面，该第三光学面与该第二参考面之间具有第三内夹角，该第四光学面与该第二参考面之间具有第四内夹角，该第三内夹角为锐角，且该第三内夹角小于该第四内夹角。
本发明的另一技术手段，是在于该第一棱镜结构的第一内夹角与该第二棱镜结构的第三内夹角朝向该控光膜片的同一侧，该第一内夹角与该第三内夹角皆小于45度，该第二内夹角与该第四内夹角皆大于45度。
本发明的另一技术手段，是在于该第一内夹角大于该第三内夹角。
本发明的另一技术手段，是在于该第四内夹角大于该第二内夹角，且该第四内夹角为直角。
本发明的另一技术手段，是在于该控光膜片的该第一参考面背向该光栅膜片，该第二参考面朝向该光栅膜片。
本发明的另一技术手段，是在于该面光源包括导光板及灯条，该导光 板具有入光侧及连接该入光侧的出光侧，该灯条设置于该导光板的该入光侧，该出光侧面向该光栅膜片。
本发明的另一技术手段，是在于该灯条具有电路板及多个发光件，该电路板沿该第一方向延伸，该多个发光件则沿着该第一方向排列。
本发明的另一技术手段，是在于该面光源包括平行于该光栅膜片的电路板及设置于该电路板上的多个发光件。
本发明的另一技术手段，是在于该面光源还包括扩散板，该扩散板具有底面与相对于该底面的顶面，该底面面向该电路板，该顶面面向该光栅膜片。
本发明的另一目的，是提供一种显示装置，包含如前所述的背光模组及设置于该背光模组上的显示面板。
本发明的功效在于，通过该光栅膜片的阻挡部、透光部与该控光膜片的第一棱镜结构同向延伸的设计，再配合该第一内夹角的角度设计，而由于该控光膜片的第一棱镜结构为角度不对称的微结构，所以光线在通过该控光膜片时，会被其角度不对称的微结构往一侧偏折，而使另一侧的出光率会受到抑制。如此一来，本发明背光模组在应用在正驾驶座前方的显示器(Driver Information Display,DID)或是副驾驶座前方的显示器(Co-Driver Display,CDD)时，其光场分布可以偏向一侧而不容易被左/右侧窗的玻璃反射所影响。
附图说明
为了更完整地了解实施例及其优点，现在参照附图做出下列描述。
图1是本发明背光模组的第一较佳实施例的立体分解图，其中，光源为侧入式光源；
图2是由另一角度说明图1的侧视图；
图3是说明第一较佳实施例中的控光膜片的结构的局部放大图；
图4是说明未使用本发明的控光膜片的光场分布的光场分布图；
图5是说明控光膜片的微结构与光栅膜片的微结构互相垂直时的光场分布的光场分布图；
图6是说明控光膜片的微结构与光栅膜片的微结构互相平行时且棱镜片上的微结构与控光膜片的微结构互相垂直时的光场分布的光场分布图；
图7是说明控光膜片的微结构、光栅膜片的微结构及棱镜片上的微结构互相平行的立体分解图；
图8是说明由图7的结构所形成的光场分布的光场分布图；
图9是本发明背光模组的第二较佳实施例中的控光膜片的局部结构的局部放大图；
图10是说明由图9的结构所形成的光场分布的光场分布图；
图11是第一较佳实施例的另一种形态的立体分解图，其中，光源为直下式光源；
图12是本发明背光模组的第三较佳实施例的立体分解图；
图13是本发明背光模组的第三较佳实施例中的控光膜片的局部结构的局部放大图；
图14是说明由图13的结构所形成的光场分布的光场分布图；
图15是将各个实施例的光场分布数值进行量化的曲线图；及
图16是说明本发明背光模组应用于车载装置的光线偏折范围示意的示意图。
具体实施方式
有关本发明的相关申请专利特色与技术内容，在以下参考附图的较佳实施例的详细说明中，将可清楚的呈现。在进行详细说明前应注意的是，类似的元件以相同的编号作表示。
本发明所揭露的光场分布图，是以由背光模组的正向方向(垂直于发光平面)观察发光面的360度方向的辉度高低而来，因此，光场分布图为圆形，圆形周缘刻度为角度。至于内部的各个同心圆所标示的刻度则代表观察方向与背光模组的正向方向之间的倾斜角度。
参阅图1及图2，其为本发明背光模组的第一较佳实施例，包含面光源2、棱镜片3、光栅膜片4及控光膜片5。于控光膜片5的出光方向设置显示面板(图未示)，即为显示装置。
定义光栅膜片4具有第一方向X及不平行于第一方向X的第二方向Y，于本实施例中，第二方向Y垂直于第一方向X，但本发明不以此为限。光栅膜片4具有沿第一方向X间隔设置的多个阻挡部41及设于相邻阻挡部41之间的多个透光部42，其中，每个阻挡部41及每个透光部42沿第二方向Y延伸。
参阅图2及图3，控光膜片5具有背向光栅膜片4的第一参考面51及沿第一方向X设置于第一参考面51的多个第一棱镜结构52。每一第一棱镜结构52沿第二方向Y延伸，也就是说，光栅膜片4的阻挡部41及透光部42，与控光膜片5的第一棱镜结构52平行设置。每一第一棱镜结构52具有第一光学面521及第二光学面522，第一光学面521、第二光学面522以及第一参考面51共同形成一个三角形，使每一第一棱镜结构52具有三角形的横截面。如图3所示，第一光学面521与第一参考面51之间具有第一内夹角θ1，第二光学面522与第一参考面51之间具有第二内夹角θ2，第一内夹角θ1为锐角，且第一内夹角θ1小于第二内夹角θ2。在本发明的第一较佳实施例中，第一内夹角θ1为20°，第二内夹角θ2为80°，使得每一第一棱镜结构52为第一内夹角θ1与第二内夹角θ2两者角度不对称的三角形的横截面。
本实施例所揭露的背光模组，首先利用光栅膜片4将面光源2的光场分布改变为单一方向，再利用与光栅膜片4的阻挡部41具有相同延伸方向的控光膜片5的第一棱镜结构52，对单一方向的光场分布进行调整，而由于控光膜片5的第一棱镜结构52具有第一内夹角θ1小于第二内夹角θ2的不对称的微结构，所以光线在通过控光膜片5时，会被其角度不对称的微结构有效地偏向导引到特定的侧向出光，使得另外一侧的出光效率被有效压抑。如此一来，可应用在正驾驶座前方的显示器(Driver Information Display,DID)或是副驾驶座前方的显示器(Co-Driver Display,CDD)时，其光场分布可以偏向一侧而不容易受左/右侧窗的玻璃反射所影响。
如图4所示，其为未使用本发明的控光膜片5的光场分布图，可以看到其深色范围位于正中心，没有产生任何偏光作用。另外，如图5所示，即使使用了本发明的控光膜片5，但由于控光膜片5的第一棱镜结构52的 延伸方向与光栅膜片4的阻挡部41及透光部42的延伸方向互相垂直，所以仍然无法产生偏光效果，且会在两侧产生大量杂讯。因此，如图1所示，本发明必须同时使用控光膜片5与光栅膜片4，且控光膜片5的第一棱镜结构52的延伸方向与光栅膜片4的阻挡部41及透光部42的延伸方向必须互相平行，才能如图6所示，使得深色范围偏离正中心，产生所需的偏光效果。
另外要说明的是，棱镜片3介于面光源2与光栅膜片4之间，以辅助收敛面光源2的光场分布，使得光线可以更为集中进入棱镜片3上方的光栅膜片4，避免光线能量减损。此外，棱镜片3具有多个条状微结构31，条状微结构31可以是如图1所示，沿第一方向X延伸，其光场分布是如图6所示，可以产生良好的偏光效果。条状微结构31也可以是如图7所示，沿第二方向Y延伸，其光场分布是如图8所示，同样可以产生良好的偏光效果。比较图6及图8可以看出，棱镜片3的条状微结构31的延伸方向不会影响偏光效果。
参阅图9，其为本发明背光模组的第二较佳实施例，与第一较佳实施例的不同之处在于：控光膜片5的第一内夹角小于45度，第二内夹角为直角。于图9中，第一内夹角θ1为10°，第二内夹角θ2为90°，使得每一第一棱镜结构52具有直角三角形的横截面。但是第二内夹角θ2也可以采用锐角，以改善直角设计时的膜片模具不易脱膜的问题。由图10的光场分布图可以看出，同样可以产生偏光效果，且相较于图6，左侧的浅色条纹区域明显变少，这代表可以有效减少能量散失，产生更佳的出光偏移效果。
参阅图1及图2，在第一较佳实施例中，面光源2为侧入式，并包括导光板21、扩散膜22及灯条23。导光板21具有入光侧211及连接入光侧211的出光侧212，扩散膜22设置于导光板21的出光侧212，灯条23设置于导光板21的入光侧211，出光侧212面向光栅膜片4。灯条23具有电路板231(图2未绘出)及多个发光件232，电路板231沿第一方向X延伸，发光件232则沿着第一方向X排列。因此，电路板231、发光件232的排列方向与光栅膜片4的阻挡部41、控光膜片5的第一棱镜结构52的延伸方向不同，在本实施例中彼此垂直。如此一来，光线可以有效地偏向导引到 特定的侧向出光，同时有效压抑另外一侧的出光效率，而如果电路板231、发光件232的排列方向与光栅膜片4的阻挡部41、控光膜片5的第一棱镜结构52的延伸方向相同，则另外一侧的出光现象仍会出现且无法压抑。
再者，于实际实施时，也可以是如图11所示，面光源2为直下式面光源，并包括平行于光栅膜片4的电路板231、设置于电路板231上的多个发光件232及扩散板24。扩散板24具有底面241与相对于底面241的顶面242，底面241面向电路板231，顶面242面向光栅膜片4。于本发明中，面光源2为侧入式或直下式皆能适用。
参阅图12，为本发明背光模组的第三较佳实施例，包含面光源2、棱镜片3、光栅膜片4及控光膜片5。与第一较佳实施例的不同之处在于：控光膜片5更进一步具有朝向光栅膜片4且沿第一方向X排列的多个第二棱镜结构54。每一第一棱镜结构52及每一第二棱镜结构54皆沿第二方向Y延伸。
参阅图13，更详细地说，控光膜片5更进一步具有相对于第一参考面51且朝向光栅膜片4的第二参考面53以及沿第一方向X排列于第二参考面53的多个第二棱镜结构54。每一第一棱镜结构52具有第一光学面521及第二光学面522，第一光学面521与第一参考面51之间具有第一内夹角θ1，第二光学面522与第一参考面51之间具有第二内夹角θ2，第一内夹角θ1为锐角，且第一内夹角θ1小于第二内夹角θ2。每一第二棱镜结构54具有第三光学面541及第四光学面542，第三光学面541与第二参考面53之间具有第三内夹角θ3，第四光学面542与第二参考面53之间具有第四内夹角θ4，第三内夹角θ3为锐角，且第三内夹角θ3小于第四内夹角θ4。第一棱镜结构52的第一内夹角θ1与第二棱镜结构54的第三内夹角θ3朝向控光膜片5的同一侧。第一内夹角θ1与第三内夹角θ3皆小于45度，第二内夹角θ2与第四内夹角θ4皆大于45度，第一内夹角θ1大于第三内夹角θ3，第四内夹角θ4大于第二内夹角θ2，且第四内夹角θ4为直角。于本实施例中，第一内夹角θ1为20°，第二内夹角θ2为80°，第三内夹角θ3为10°，第四内夹角θ4为90°。由图14的光场分布图可以看出，同样可以产生偏光效果，且相较于图6，其深色范围更加地偏离正中心，产生更大 幅度的出光偏移效果。简言之，为了再进行光场偏折效果的细部调整，本实施例借由控光膜片5在第二参考面53上的第二棱镜结构54的设计，可以将只有单面的第一棱镜结构52所产生的光场偏折效果，再予以角度微调的改变，以满足不同的使用情况或客户要求。除此之外，第一棱镜结构52与第二棱镜结构54为凸出结构，但是实际实施时也可以采用凹入结构，其光场偏折效果基本上仍然相同或近似，所以不应以本实施例的说明为限。
参阅图15的曲线图，其将各个光场分布数值进行量化。其中，圆点线条代表只使用光栅膜片4的对照组，虚线代表第一较佳实施例，一长一短的点链线代表第二较佳实施例，实线代表第三较佳实施例。由图15可以看出，相较于对照组，第三较佳实施例在-30°至-15°的视角处能够最有效地压抑出光量，并且将出光量偏移至15°至30°的视角处，而能有效压抑单一侧光出光率，并产生偏光效果。要特别说明的是，控光膜片5的各个内夹角的角度皆能进行调整，以因应不同应用环境调整光偏向范围，而获得最佳的偏光效果。
通过上述设计，本发明背光模组在应用于车载装置时，可以如图16(a)所示，使位于正驾驶座侧的车载仪表板91的影像投射到正驾驶座与副驾驶座的位置，但不会被正驾驶座侧的窗户反射，或是可以如图16(b)所示，使位于副驾驶座侧的显示屏92的影像投射到正驾驶座与副驾驶座的位置，但不会被副驾驶座侧的窗户反射，减少因为影像反射所产生的干扰。
综上所述，本发明背光模组，通过光栅膜片与控光膜片互相搭配且光栅膜片的阻挡部、透光部与控光膜片的第一棱镜结构同向延伸的设计，再结合各个内夹角的角度设计，可以将光线往一侧偏折，并抑制另一侧的出光率，而能应用于需要异向性光场的使用环境。
以上所述者仅为本发明的较佳实施例，应当不能以此限定本发明实施的范围，即大凡依本发明的权利要求书范围及说明书内容所作的简单的等效变化与修饰，皆仍属本发明的专利涵盖的范围内。
【附图标记列表】
2       面光源
21      导光板
211       入光侧
212       出光侧
22        扩散膜
23        灯条
231       电路板
232       发光件
24        扩散板
241       底面
242       顶面
3         棱镜片
31        条状微结构
4         光栅膜片
41        阻挡部
42        透光部
5         控光膜片
51        第一参考面
52        第一棱镜结构
521       第一光学面
522       第二光学面
53        第二参考面
54        第二棱镜结构
541       第三光学面
542       第四光学面
91        车载仪表板
92        显示屏
X         第一方向
Y         第二方向
θ1        第一内夹角
θ2        第二内夹角
θ3       第三内夹角
θ4       第四内夹角。

Claims (15)

  1. 一种背光模组，包含：
    面光源；
    光栅膜片，其设置于所述面光源的出光侧，定义所述光栅膜片具有第一方向及不平行于所述第一方向的第二方向，所述光栅膜片具有沿所述第一方向间隔设置的多个阻挡部及设置于相邻阻挡部之间的多个透光部，其中，所述阻挡部及所述透光部沿所述第二方向延伸；及
    控光膜片，其具有第一参考面及沿所述第一方向排列于所述第一参考面上的多个第一棱镜结构，每一所述第一棱镜结构沿所述第二方向延伸，其中，每一所述第一棱镜结构具有第一光学面及第二光学面，所述第一光学面与所述第一参考面之间具有第一内夹角，所述第二光学面与所述第一参考面之间具有第二内夹角，所述第一内夹角为锐角，且所述第一内夹角小于所述第二内夹角。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的背光模组，还包含设置于所述面光源与所述光栅膜片之间的棱镜片，所述棱镜片具有分别沿所述第一方向延伸的多个条状微结构。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的背光模组，还包含设置于所述面光源与所述光栅膜片之间的棱镜片，所述棱镜片具有分别沿所述第二方向延伸的多个条状微结构。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的背光模组，其中，所述控光膜片的所述第一内夹角小于45度，所述第二内夹角为直角。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的背光模组，其中，所述控光膜片的所述第一参考面背向所述光栅膜片。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的背光模组，其中，所述控光膜片还具有相对于所述第一参考面的第二参考面及沿所述第一方向排列于所述第二参考面上的多个第二棱镜结构，每一所述第二棱镜结构沿所述第二方向延伸，其中，每一所述第二棱镜结构具有第三光学面及第四光学面，所述第三光学面与所述第二参考面之间具有第三内夹角，所述第四光学面与所述第二参 考面之间具有第四内夹角，所述第三内夹角为锐角，且所述第三内夹角小于所述第四内夹角。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的背光模组，其中，所述第一棱镜结构的第一内夹角与所述第二棱镜结构的第三内夹角朝向所述控光膜片的同一侧，所述第一内夹角与所述第三内夹角皆小于45度，所述第二内夹角与所述第四内夹角皆大于45度。
  8. 根据权利要求6所述的背光模组，其中，所述第一内夹角大于所述第三内夹角。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的背光模组，其中，所述第四内夹角大于所述第二内夹角，且所述第四内夹角为直角。
  10. 根据权利要求6所述的背光模组，其中，所述控光膜片的所述第一参考面背向所述光栅膜片，所述第二参考面朝向所述光栅膜片。
  11. 根据权利要求1至10中任一项所述的背光模组，其中，所述面光源包括导光板及灯条，所述导光板具有入光侧及连接所述入光侧的出光侧，所述灯条设置于所述导光板的所述入光侧，所述出光侧面向所述光栅膜片。
  12. 根据权利要求11所述的背光模组，其中，所述灯条具有电路板及多个发光件，所述电路板沿所述第一方向延伸，所述多个发光件沿着所述第一方向排列。
  13. 根据权利要求1至10中任一项所述的背光模组，其中，所述面光源包括平行于所述光栅膜片的电路板及设置于所述电路板上的多个发光件。
  14. 根据权利要求13所述的背光模组，其中，所述面光源还包括扩散板，所述扩散板具有底面与相对于所述底面的顶面，所述底面面向所述电路板，所述顶面面向所述光栅膜片。
  15. 一种显示装置，包括根据权利要求1至14中任一项所述的背光模组，及设置于所述背光模组上的显示面板。
PCT/CN2022/111525 2022-04-28 2022-08-10 背光模组及显示装置 WO2023206858A1 (zh)

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