WO2023202218A1 - 一种石材大板多线切割机的切割装置及多线切割机 - Google Patents

一种石材大板多线切割机的切割装置及多线切割机 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023202218A1
WO2023202218A1 PCT/CN2023/078094 CN2023078094W WO2023202218A1 WO 2023202218 A1 WO2023202218 A1 WO 2023202218A1 CN 2023078094 W CN2023078094 W CN 2023078094W WO 2023202218 A1 WO2023202218 A1 WO 2023202218A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
wire
wheel
capstan
cutting
pulley
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PCT/CN2023/078094
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
林培林
王若宇
张启金
Original Assignee
厦门品河精密科技有限公司
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Publication of WO2023202218A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023202218A1/zh

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28D—WORKING STONE OR STONE-LIKE MATERIALS
    • B28D1/00—Working stone or stone-like materials, e.g. brick, concrete or glass, not provided for elsewhere; Machines, devices, tools therefor
    • B28D1/22—Working stone or stone-like materials, e.g. brick, concrete or glass, not provided for elsewhere; Machines, devices, tools therefor by cutting, e.g. incising
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28D—WORKING STONE OR STONE-LIKE MATERIALS
    • B28D7/00—Accessories specially adapted for use with machines or devices of the preceding groups
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28D—WORKING STONE OR STONE-LIKE MATERIALS
    • B28D7/00—Accessories specially adapted for use with machines or devices of the preceding groups
    • B28D7/02—Accessories specially adapted for use with machines or devices of the preceding groups for removing or laying dust, e.g. by spraying liquids; for cooling work
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P40/00—Technologies relating to the processing of minerals
    • Y02P40/50—Glass production, e.g. reusing waste heat during processing or shaping
    • Y02P40/57—Improving the yield, e-g- reduction of reject rates

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of stone cutting, in particular to a cutting device and a multi-line cutting machine for large stone slabs.
  • Diamond wire is a cutting tool made of electroplated diamond on the outer layer of metal steel wire.
  • diamond wire is widely used in cutting photovoltaic silicon wafers, sapphire, graphite, magnetic materials and other industries.
  • the processing objects in the above fields where diamond wire cutting has been popularized are all It is a man-made material with uniform material, uniform specifications and small size.
  • the length, width and height of the cutting object are generally less than 500mm*500mm*300mm.
  • the cross-sectional area of the cut product is less than 300mm*300mm.
  • the diameter of the commonly used diamond wire is 0.03-0.2mm.
  • the working tension of diamond wires with different wire diameters ranges from 3-30N, and the cutting stroke is generally less than 400mm.
  • the main rollers of different types of existing multi-wire cutting machines have smaller diameters (ranging from 100mm to 200mm in diameter) and shorter lengths (ranging from 400 to 900mm).
  • the outer diameter of the winding wheel is less than 250mm, and the small diameter Wheel diameter is less than 150mm.
  • Traditional stone cutting generally uses saw blades, wire saws, band saws and other materials with alloy blades for processing.
  • Carbide has a certain thickness, so that traditional tools will form 3-10mm in the process of cutting stone.
  • the saw kerf is large, and the rigid contact between the carbide tool and the stone during the processing causes large vibrations, which can easily cause the stone to break during processing.
  • only plates with a thickness of more than 10mm can be processed.
  • the diamond wire is in flexible contact with the stone, there is no instantaneous impact load, the vibration is small, the noise is low, and the wire diameter
  • the small cutting kerf is less than 1mm, which not only greatly improves the yield rate, but also can directly process thin plates with a thickness of less than 5mm on the block material without causing the stone to break during the cutting process.
  • Naturally mined stone has many special features. First of all, the size of stone blocks is not uniform. Generally, the size is large and the weight is large. Generally, a block exceeds 20 tons, and the length, width and height can exceed 3000*2000*2000mm. Processed stone The cross-sectional area of the large plate can reach 3000mm*2000mm. Moreover, the Mohs hardness of stone ranges from 2 to 9.
  • the large wire diameter diamond wire also needs to match a larger tension to ensure the diamond wire is cut. Thread tension.
  • a stone block weighs 20 to 30 tons, and a single processing can produce more than 500 square meters of plates.
  • the stone is highly abrasive, and the wire consumption per unit area of cutting with diamond wire is much greater than that of other cutting tools.
  • the artificial material is small in size, so if you want to process a large piece of raw material at one time, you need to use a reel with a large storage capacity.
  • the span between the main rollers of large-sized blocks exceeds 2000mm.
  • the heat accumulated by friction during the cutting process is difficult to dissipate, and it is difficult to discharge the stone powder. Therefore, a larger amount of cooling water is needed to cool the diamond wire and flush the cutting belt out.
  • the pressure-laden cooling water and stone powder formed during high-speed cutting will also put higher requirements on the waterproof performance of the bearing box.
  • the length, width and height of many stone blocks are greater than 3000*2000*2000mm, and the cutting cross-sectional area exceeds 3000*2000mm.
  • the optimal structure is A parallel four-roller structure is used to form a cutting mesh surface.
  • the diameter of diamond wire suitable for stone processing exceeds 0.3mm, and the working tension of the diamond wire exceeds 60N.
  • the Chinese utility model patent with application number 201520035317.9 discloses a multi-line cutting method for marble, which includes a machine base, a workbench on the machine base and a mounting base.
  • the mounting base is located above the workbench, and the marble to be cut is fixed on the machine base.
  • On the workbench at least one of the two components, the workbench and the mounting base, is mounted on the machine base in a manner that can be raised and lowered.
  • the mounting base is provided with a plurality of winding rollers that can rotate around its own axis.
  • a cutting steel wire that forms multiple cutting wires on multiple winding rollers. All the cutting wires on each winding roller are spaced apart along the length extension direction of the winding roller.
  • the mounting base is also equipped with a steel wire for retracting the steel wire.
  • a retracting and unwinding mechanism is provided, and a cutting driving mechanism is used to drive at least one of the winding rollers to rotate to drive the cutting wire to reciprocate.
  • There are four winding rollers and the steel wire is sequentially led out from a wire groove of the first winding roller, enters a wire groove of the second winding roller, and enters a wire groove of the third winding roller.
  • a wire groove of the winding roller enters a wire groove of the fourth winding roller, and then enters the next wire groove of the first winding roller. In this cycle, the four winding rollers are tensioned.
  • a plurality of cutting wires are formed on the circumference of the wire roller.
  • a roller frame is also fixed on the mounting base. One end of the winding roller is rotatably mounted on the mounting base, and the other end is rotatably mounted on the roller frame. The roller frame is in an "H" shape.
  • the above-mentioned multi-line cutting of marble has the following disadvantages: 1.
  • the roller frame is a cantilever structure as a whole. In the process of cutting large-size stones, a longer guide wheel is required, which makes the cutting component itself heavy.
  • the cantilever structure has a very long arm and a single support point. The side is stressed, the stability is not good, and it is easy to produce resonance and vibration.
  • the pay-off mechanism is to feed the wire into one of the two winding rollers at the bottom, and the take-up mechanism is to take out the wire from the other of the two winding rollers. Since the wire is arranged between the two winding rollers at the bottom
  • the diamond wire forms a cutting mesh surface, which is the working surface and is used for cutting stone.
  • the two ends of the diamond wire are connected to the pay-off mechanism and the take-up mechanism respectively, so that the two ends of the diamond wire are directly involved in the cutting work of the stone, and the fluctuations Large, the diamond wire is easy to break; and the dust and water vapor generated during the cutting process of the diamond wire and the stone are easily carried into the take-up mechanism and the pay-off mechanism by the diamond wire, which can easily cause electrical faults and affect the use of both.
  • a hoist is required when disassembling and assembling the winding roller. Since the roller frame is in an "H" shape, the upper and lower winding wires on the same side The rollers are distributed above and below the middle crossbar of the roller frame.
  • the cantilever-type cutting component moves up and down for cutting.
  • the H-shaped cutting component carries the gravity and cutting force of the winding roller while also moving as a whole for cutting.
  • the overall stability is poor and can easily cause wire breakage and uneven cutting surfaces. .
  • the object of the present invention is to overcome the above shortcomings and provide a four-column, four-guide-wheel lifting type multi-wire cutting machine for large stone slabs, which is used to solve the problem of insufficient stability of the cutting machine, easy breakage of diamond wires and the influence of water vapor when cutting large stone slabs. Problems with the take-up and pay-off mechanism.
  • a four-column, four-guide-wheel lifting type multi-wire cutting machine for large stone slabs which is characterized in that: it includes a machine platform and a frame arranged above the machine platform, and the frame is provided with Cutting assembly, the machine platform is provided with a lifting mechanism located below the cutting assembly for movable lifting of the stone so that the cutting assembly can cut;
  • the cutting assembly includes a diamond wire, a first wire retraction and pay-off mechanism, a second wire retraction and pay-off mechanism, a first capstan pulley, a second capstan pulley, a third capstan pulley, a fourth capstan pulley and a guide wheel driving mechanism.
  • the wheel extends along the horizontal longitudinal direction and both axial ends are respectively rotatably connected to the frame.
  • the first capstan wheel and the second capstan wheel are located at the same height position, the third capstan wheel and the fourth capstan wheel are located at the same height position, and the said The first capstan pulley is located above the fourth capstan pulley, and the second capstan pulley is located above the third capstan pulley; the guide pulley driving mechanism is connected to the four capstan pulleys and drives each capstan pulley to rotate, and the first capstan pulley is located above the third capstan pulley.
  • the retracting and unwinding mechanism and the second retracting and unwinding mechanism are installed on the frame and are respectively connected to the two ends of the diamond wire. One end of the diamond wire is fed from the first retracting and unwinding mechanism to the first capstan pulley.
  • the diamond wire is in the third capstan pulley. There are multiple strips formed between the bottom of the third capstan pulley and the fourth capstan pulley.
  • the first cutting mesh surface used for stone cutting is composed of cutting lines arranged parallel to each other and spaced apart from each other.
  • the frame includes a first upright column, a second upright column, a third upright column and a fourth upright column fixed and erected on the machine platform.
  • the first upright column and the second upright column are located on both longitudinal sides of the transverse side of the machine platform. end, the third upright column and the fourth upright column are located at the two longitudinal ends on the other side of the machine platform.
  • the first upright column and the second upright column are fixedly connected with a first longitudinal back plate located outside the two.
  • the third upright column and the third upright column are The four uprights are fixedly connected with a second longitudinal backplate located outside them, the first upright and the fourth upright are fixedly connected by a first crossbeam, and the second upright and the third upright are fixedly connected by a second crossbeam;
  • the two axial ends of the first and fourth capstans are respectively rotatably connected to the first and second upright columns, and the two axial ends of the second and third capstans are respectively rotatably connected to the first and second capstans.
  • the first wire retracting and releasing mechanism is installed on the upper part of the first longitudinal back plate, and the second wire retracting and releasing mechanism is installed on the upper part of the second longitudinal back plate.
  • first crossbeam and the second crossbeam are located at the upper parts of the four upright columns, and a sprinkler system is installed on the first crossbeam and the second crossbeam.
  • the machine platform includes an upper body, a lower body, and four vertical piers connected between the upper body and the lower body.
  • the four vertical piers are respectively provided at both longitudinal ends of the transverse sides of the machine platform;
  • the lifting mechanism includes a lifting platform for placing stones arranged between four vertical piers, four groups of lifting mechanisms for lifting the lifting platform, and a lifting driving device for driving the four groups of lifting mechanisms to move synchronously.
  • Each group of lifting mechanisms includes an upright T-shaped screw rod and a lifting guide rail.
  • the T-shaped screw rod is rotationally connected to the upper body and the lower body and is threadedly connected to the lifting platform.
  • the lifting guide rail is installed on the corresponding vertical pier. And it is vertically slidingly connected to the lifting platform, and there is still a space in the middle of the upper body to facilitate the lifting of the lifting platform for cutting.
  • the stone is lifted and lowered through the channel, and the frame is fixed on the upper body.
  • the machine platform is made of reinforced concrete materials.
  • first wire retracting and unwinding mechanism and the second wire retracting and unwinding mechanism both include a retracting and unwinding wire wheel, a wire wheel driving component for driving the retracting and unwinding wire wheel to rotate, and a wire arrangement wheel arranged beside the retracting and unwinding wire wheel.
  • a cable arranging device used to drive the cable arranging wheel to move longitudinally
  • a tension wheel arranged on the longitudinal side of the cable arranging wheel
  • a tension adjustment device used to drive the tension wheel movement
  • an incoming and outgoing wire wheel arranged above the cable arranging wheel
  • the diamond wire between the outlet point E of the line wheel and the line entry point of the first capstan wheel is perpendicular to the axis of the first capstan wheel or the second capstan wheel.
  • One end of the diamond wire is connected to the retracting and unwinding line wheel, and in sequence After passing through the arranging wheel, the tension wheel and the incoming and outgoing wire wheel, it is connected to the corresponding capstan wheel.
  • the cable routing mechanism includes a longitudinal screw rod and a longitudinal guide rod that are fixedly provided on the first longitudinal back plate or the second longitudinal back plate and extend in the longitudinal direction, and are threadedly connected to the longitudinal screw rod and slidably provided with the longitudinal guide rod.
  • the sliding plate is provided with an arc-shaped adjustment hole that vertically penetrates the sliding plate along the direction of the parallel longitudinal screw rod and extends in an arc on the sliding plate.
  • the arc-shaped adjusting hole The center line of the circle is parallel to the extension direction of the longitudinal screw rod; the incoming and outgoing wire wheels are rotationally connected to the connecting plate and the rotation center line is perpendicular to the extending direction of the longitudinal screw rod.
  • the connecting plate is connected to the connecting plate through bolts inserted in the arc-shaped adjustment holes.
  • the skateboard has adjustable fixed settings.
  • first capstan pulley, the second capstan pulley, the third capstan pulley and the fourth capstan pulley all include a guide pulley body, and both axial ends of the guide pulley body are coaxially fixed with main bearings for connecting.
  • the main bearing box or the auxiliary bearing box are plugged.
  • the guide wheel body is preset with accommodating cavities on the axial outer sides of the two plugs.
  • the axial ends of the main bearing box and the auxiliary bearing box can be partially plugged. in two corresponding receiving cavities, and use
  • the connection gaps located at the relative movement between the main shaft of the main and auxiliary bearing boxes and the front end cover close to the centering plug are hidden in two accommodation cavities respectively.
  • This cutting machine adopts a lifting type, that is, the cutting component is set on the frame, and the lifting mechanism is set on the machine table.
  • the upper cutting component is independently separated from the lower lifting mechanism.
  • the vibration generated by cutting is absorbed by the machine table and the ground. Good stable performance.
  • the cutting machine adopts the form of upper wire inlet and upper wire outlet, in which the diamond wire bypasses the first capstan pulley and the second capstan pulley above before entering the third capstan pulley and the fourth capstan pulley.
  • the wheel plays a buffering role.
  • the diamond wire does not directly participate in cutting after it comes out of the first retracting and unwinding mechanism and the second retracting and retracting mechanism.
  • the diamond wire fluctuates less and is not easy to break.
  • the dust generated by the diamond wire and the stone during the cutting process The water vapor is not easily carried by the diamond wire into the second retracting and unwinding mechanism and the first retracting and unwinding mechanism. It also adopts the structure of four parallel capstan wheels.
  • the four capstan wheels can open up a larger cutting chamber and can adapt to stone cutting of various sizes and shapes.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of the present invention
  • Figure 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the cutting assembly and the frame in the embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the rack in the embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the usage state of the embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 5 is a schematic structural diagram of the machine platform and the lifting mechanism in the embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 6 is a schematic structural diagram of the first retracting and releasing mechanism in the embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the use state of the first retracting and releasing mechanism in the embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 8 is a schematic structural diagram of the wiring mechanism in the embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 9 is an enlarged schematic diagram of F in Figure 6;
  • Figure 10 is a schematic structural diagram of the capstan in the embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 11 is a schematic structural diagram of the main bearing box in the embodiment of the present invention.
  • This embodiment relates to a four-column, four-guide-wheel lifting type stone large slab multi-line cutting machine, as shown in Figure 1-9
  • it includes a machine platform 1 and a frame 2 arranged above the machine platform 1.
  • the rack 2 is provided with a cutting assembly 3.
  • the machine platform 1 is provided with a cutting assembly 3 located below the cutting assembly 3 for movable lifting of stone a.
  • the cutting assembly 3 includes a diamond wire 31, a first wire retracting and releasing mechanism 32, a second wire retracting and releasing mechanism 33, a first capstan pulley 34, a second capstan pulley 35, a third capstan pulley 36, a fourth capstan pulley 37 and
  • the guide pulley driving mechanism 38 has four guide pulleys that extend along the horizontal longitudinal direction and are rotatably connected to the frame 2 at both axial ends.
  • the first guide pulley 34 and the second guide pulley 35 are located at the same height, and the third guide pulley 36 It is located at the same height as the fourth capstan pulley 37, and the first capstan pulley 34 is located above the fourth capstan pulley 37, and the second capstan pulley 35 is located above the third capstan pulley 36; the guide pulley driving mechanism 38 is connected to the four capstan pulleys and drives each capstan pulley to rotate.
  • the first retracting and unwinding mechanism 32 and the second retracting and unwinding mechanism 33 are installed on the frame 2 and are respectively connected to the two ends of the diamond wire 31, so One end of the diamond wire 31 is unwound from the first retracting and unwinding mechanism 32 and enters the first capstan pulley 34, and sequentially along the first capstan pulley 34, the second capstan pulley 35, the third capstan pulley 36 and the third capstan pulley 36.
  • the directions of the four capstan pulleys 37 are repeatedly wound around the four capstan pulleys, and are routed from the second capstan pulley 35.
  • the diamond wires 31 are formed between the bottoms of the third capstan pulley 36 and the fourth capstan pulley 37 and are composed of a plurality of mutually intersecting lines.
  • the first cutting mesh surface b for cutting stone a is composed of cutting lines arranged at parallel intervals. As shown in Figure 9, there are three wire slots 341 on the capstan for winding diamond wires.
  • the cutting machine adopts a jacking type, that is, the cutting assembly is set on the frame, and the jacking mechanism is set on the machine table.
  • the upper cutting assembly is independently separated from the lower jacking mechanism.
  • the vibration is absorbed by the machine and the ground, and the stability is good.
  • the cutting machine adopts the form of upper wire inlet and upper wire outlet, in which the diamond wire bypasses the first capstan pulley and the second capstan pulley above before entering the third capstan pulley and the fourth capstan pulley.
  • the wheel plays a buffering role.
  • the diamond wire does not directly participate in cutting after it comes out of the first retracting and unwinding mechanism and the second retracting and unwinding mechanism.
  • the diamond wire fluctuates less and is not easy to break.
  • the dust and water vapor generated during the cutting process of the diamond wire and the stone are not easily carried by the diamond wire into the second retracting and unwinding mechanism and the first retracting and unwinding mechanism.
  • It also adopts the structure of four parallel capstan wheels.
  • the four capstan wheels can open up a larger cutting chamber and can adapt to stone cutting of various sizes and shapes.
  • the frame 2 includes a first column 21, a second column 22, a third column 23 and a fourth column 24 fixedly erected on the machine platform 1.
  • the first upright column 21 and the second upright column 22 are located at both longitudinal ends of the transverse side of the machine platform 1.
  • the third upright column 23 and the fourth upright column 24 are located at both longitudinal ends of the other transverse side of the machine platform 1.
  • the first upright column 21 and The second upright column 22 is fixedly connected with a first longitudinal back plate 25 located outside both of them.
  • the third upright column 23 and the fourth upright column 24 are fixedly connected with a second longitudinal back plate 26 located outside both of them.
  • the first upright column A first cross beam 27 is fixedly connected between 21 and the fourth upright column 24, and a second cross beam 28 is fixedly connected between the second upright column 22 and the third upright column 23;
  • the axial ends of the first capstan 34 and the fourth capstan 37 are respectively rotatably connected to the first upright column 21 and the second upright 22
  • the axial ends of the second capstan 35 and the third capstan 36 are respectively connected to the first upright column 21 and the second upright 22
  • the ends are rotatably connected to the third upright column 23 and the fourth upright column 24 respectively.
  • the first wire retracting and releasing mechanism 32 is installed on the upper part of the first longitudinal back plate 25, and the second wire retracting and releasing mechanism 33 is installed on the second longitudinal back plate. Plate 26 upper part.
  • the frame 2 can be integrally cast or assembled.
  • the first cross beam 27 and the second cross beam 28 can also be structures similar to cross beams, such as triangular brackets, top covers or back plates, etc., and the first longitudinal back plate 25 and the second longitudinal back plate 26 can also be similar to back plates. Structure, such as beam support, triangle support, etc.
  • first crossbeam 27 and the second crossbeam 28 are located at the upper parts of the four upright columns, and a sprinkler system is installed on the first crossbeam 27 and the second crossbeam 28 .
  • the force is tens of kilograms. If hundreds of them are wound around the four guide pulleys, it is several tons. Due to the large size of the cutting stone, the main pulley needs to be very large. The large size will cause the force of the main pulley. arm It is also large. It uses four columns, combined with the longitudinal back plate and cross beams to form a frame structure. The back plate and cross beams are close to the force-bearing direction of the wire network, and the moment arm is short, which can achieve a good force-bearing effect. And each beam or column not only bears the force, but also plays other roles.
  • the first cross beam 27 and the second cross beam 28 can support the sprinkler system.
  • the second longitudinal back plate 26 and the first longitudinal back plate 25 not only play the role of longitudinal beams, but can also be used to install the retracting and unwinding mechanism, and the columns are used to transmit the force. , four of the columns are directly fixed on the machine table, and the vibration generated during cutting is transmitted to the ground through the machine table, unlike the cantilever structure that produces a long moment arm, thus affecting stability. Moreover, the second longitudinal back plate 26 and the first longitudinal back plate 25 are installed on the outside of the column, and there is no obstruction between the upper and lower capstan wheels, making it easy to operate when hoisting the capstan wheels.
  • an inspection opening 5 is left below the first longitudinal back plate 25 and the second longitudinal back plate 26. Because there is an access opening under the longitudinal back plate, it is convenient for workers to disassemble and maintain it.
  • the access opening can also be formed by digging holes in the back plate.
  • the machine platform 1 includes an upper body 11, a lower body 12 and four vertical piers 13 connected between the upper body 11 and the lower body 12.
  • the four vertical piers 13 are connected between the upper body 11 and the lower body 12.
  • the piers 13 are respectively arranged at both longitudinal ends of the transverse sides of the machine platform 1;
  • the lifting mechanism 4 includes a lifting platform 41 for placing stones arranged between four vertical piers 13, four groups of lifting mechanisms 42 for lifting the lifting platform 41, and a synchronized driving mechanism for driving the four groups of lifting mechanisms 42.
  • Each set of lifting mechanisms 42 includes an upright T-shaped screw rod 421 and a lifting guide rail 422.
  • the T-shaped screw rod 421 is rotatably connected to the upper body 11 and the lower body 12, and is connected with the lifting platform. 41 threaded connection, the lifting guide rail 422 is installed on the corresponding pier 13 and is vertically slidingly connected to the lifting platform 41.
  • the frame 2 is fixed on the upper body 11.
  • the lower part of the cutting machine is a machine platform and a lifting mechanism.
  • the machine platform is composed of an upper body, a lower body and four vertical piers.
  • the lower body is in direct contact with the ground, and the upper body is used to install the frame and cutting components.
  • the upper body can be walked by operators to facilitate maintenance.
  • the overall body is stable and the cost is low.
  • the four guide rails 422 of the four sets of lifting mechanisms 42 are divided into four On vertical piers, it is easy to install and has good stress bearing.
  • the machine platform 1 is made of reinforced concrete materials.
  • the machine 1 is made of reinforced cement materials, which has low cost and can be manufactured in sections. It can also be manufactured by welding steel plates, castings or steel plates with fillers.
  • the first and second pay-off and take-up mechanisms 32 and 33 each include a take-up and pay-off wheel 321 and a wheel for driving the take-up and pay-off wheel 321 to rotate.
  • the tension adjustment device 326 that drives the tension wheel 325 to move, the incoming and outgoing wire wheel 327 provided above the wire arranging wheel 323, and the wire routing mechanism 328 used to drive the incoming and outgoing wire wheel 327 to move longitudinally, the outlet point A of the wire arranging wheel 323, the tension
  • the incoming line point B of the pulley 325, the outgoing line point C of the tension pulley 325 and the incoming line point D of the incoming and outgoing line wheel 327 are coplanar, and are located
  • the diamond wire between them is perpendicular to the axis of the first capstan wheel 34 or the second capstan wheel 35.
  • One end of the diamond wire 31 is connected to the retracting and unwinding wheel 321, and passes through the wire arrangement wheel 323, the tension wheel 325 and the incoming and outgoing wires in sequence.
  • the wheel 327 is connected to the corresponding capstan wheel.
  • the tension adjustment device 326 controls the circumferential longitudinal swing of the tension wheel 325.
  • the turning radius of the small guide wheel is small, and the diamond wire is easy to cause distortion and jump. Therefore, the fewer small guide wheels, the shorter the distance of the wire routing. , the less likely it is to cause wire interruption and diamond wire wear during the wiring process. At the same time, the fewer small guide wheels, the lower the cost of use, and the lower the failure rate.
  • This cutting machine uses three guide wheels for wiring, with fewer parts and a low failure rate.
  • the cable routing mechanism 328 includes a longitudinal screw rod 3281 and a longitudinal guide rod 3282 fixedly provided on the first longitudinal back plate 25 or the second longitudinal back plate 26 and extending longitudinally, and
  • the sliding plate 3283 is threadedly connected to the longitudinal screw rod 3281 and slidably arranged with the longitudinal guide rod 3282, and the screw driving part 3284 for driving the longitudinal screw rod 3281 to rotate.
  • the arc-shaped adjustment hole 32831 is transparent to the sliding plate 3283 and extends in an arc shape on the sliding plate 3283.
  • the center line of the arc-shaped adjusting hole 32831 is parallel to the extending direction of the longitudinal screw rod 3281; the incoming and outgoing wire wheel 327 is rotationally connected to the connecting plate 3285 and The rotation center line is perpendicular to the extension direction of the longitudinal screw rod 3281.
  • the connecting plate 3285 is adjustable and fixed through bolts inserted in the arc-shaped adjustment holes 32831 and the sliding plate 3283.
  • the wire routing mechanism can adjust the longitudinal position of the incoming and outgoing wire wheels to adapt to the cutting of stones of different sizes.
  • the first capstan pulley 34, the second capstan pulley 35, the third capstan pulley 36, and the fourth capstan pulley 37 all include a guide pulley body c1, and the shaft of the guide pulley body c1 Plugs c3 and c4 for connecting the main bearing box d or the auxiliary bearing box e are coaxially fixed to both ends.
  • the guide wheel body c1 is preset on the axial outer side of the two plugs c3 and c4.
  • the axial ends of the main bearing box d and the auxiliary bearing box e can be partially plugged into the two corresponding accommodation cavities c13 and c14, and the axial ends of the main and auxiliary bearing boxes can be
  • the connection gap f at the relative movement between the spindle d1, e1 and the front end cover close to the centering plug c3, c4 is hidden in two accommodation cavities c13, c14 respectively.
  • the main bearing box d mainly includes the main shaft d1, the casing d2, the bearing d5 arranged between the main shaft d1 and the casing d2, and the front end used to seal the front and rear sides of the casing d2.
  • Cover d3 and rear end cover d4 the front side of the main bearing box is close to the main pulley, the front end cover b3, the rear end cover d4 and the outer shell d2 are fixed together and installed on the frame, the main shaft d1 is set to rotate relative to the external housing component. Since the spindle d1 can rotate relative to the front end cover d3, and the rotation speed of the spindle d1 The speed is fast.
  • connection gap f at the relative movement between the main shaft d1 and the front end cover d3 is difficult to form an effective seal using conventional methods such as sealing rings, labyrinths, etc., and the connection gap f is close to the capstan wheel, and the spray system sprays
  • the cooling water directly acts on the capstan, and the cooling water and dust rush directly into the connection gap d, so that a large amount of cold water enters the bearing box, which can easily cause bearing failure.
  • the connection gap is hidden in it, which prevents the cooling water from flowing directly, has a labyrinth sealing effect, and has a good waterproof effect.
  • the plug is closer to the support point of the guide wheel. Similar to a 1-meter guide wheel, the support point is at 0.8 meters, so the force is better.
  • the accommodation cavities at both ends of the guide pulley are hollowed out, making the weight lighter, which plays a role in reducing the weight of the guide pulley.
  • the working principle and process of this embodiment are as follows: the stone a is placed on the lifting platform 41 of the lifting mechanism 4, and the four lifting mechanisms 42 drive the stone to gradually rise.
  • the four capstan wheels of the cutting assembly 3 are driven by the respective guide wheel drive mechanisms 38 to repeatedly rotate forward and reverse, and then the first cutting mesh surface b repeatedly saws the stone a until the stone cutting is completed.
  • the first wire retracting and unwinding mechanism 32 is used to pay out the wire and continuously provides new diamond wire 31 to the capstan pulley.
  • the second wire retracting and unwinding mechanism 33 continues to retract the wire and is used to collect the damaged diamond wire during cutting. In rolls.

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Abstract

一种石材大板多线切割机的切割装置及多线切割机。包括机架（2）和切割组件（3）；切割组件（3）包括第一收放线机构（32）、第二收放线机构（33）、第一主导轮（34）、第二主导轮（35）、第三主导轮（36）、第四主导轮（37）和导轮驱动机构（38），四个主导轮沿水平纵向方向延伸且轴向两端分别转动连接在机架（2）上，第二收放线机构（33）位于机架（2）的横向另一侧，第一收放线机构（32）和第二收放线机构（33）均包括收放线轮（321）、线轮驱动部件（322）、排线轮（323）、排线装置（324）、张力轮（325）、张力调节装置（326）、进出线轮（327）和走线机构（328）；金刚线（31）的一端头连接在收放线轮（321）上，并依次经过排线轮（323）、张力轮（325）和进出线轮（327）后与对应主导轮相连接。能减少金刚线（31）的走线距离，从而能减少金属线（31）的磨损，和减少断线问题的发生。

Description

一种石材大板多线切割机的切割装置及多线切割机
本申请是专利申请日为2022年04月18日，专利申请号为202210406677.X，发明名称为四立柱四导轮顶升式石材大板多线切割机的分案申请。
技术领域
本发明涉及石材切割领域，特别为一种石材大板多线切割机的切割装置及多线切割机。
背景技术
金刚线是一种在金属钢丝外层电镀金刚石制作而成的切割工具，目前金刚线广泛应用于切割光伏硅片，蓝宝石，石墨，磁性材料等行业，以上已经普及金刚线切割的领域加工对象都为人造材料，材质均匀，规格统一且尺寸都较小，切割对象长宽高一般小于500mm*500mm*300mm，切割出来的成品的截面积小于300mm*300mm，一般使用的金刚线直径0.03-0.2mm不等，不同线径的金刚线工作张力3-30N不等，切割行程一般小于400mm。而现有不同种类的多线切割机的主辊轮的直径较小(直径100mm-200mm不等)，长度也比较短(400-900mm不等)，绕线轮外径小于250mm，小过线轮直径小于150mm。
传统的石材切割一般采用锯片，绳锯，带锯等带有合金刀头的材料来进行加工，硬质合金具有一定的厚度，使得传统刀具在切割石材的过程中会形成3-10mm不等的锯缝，而且硬质合金刀具在加工过程中与石材刚性接触震动大，容易导致石材在加工过程中破裂，一般只能加工厚度超过10mm厚度的板材。而金刚线线与石材柔性接触，不存在瞬时的冲击载荷，震动小噪音低，而且线径 小切割锯缝不到1mm，不仅可以大大提高成材率，而且能够直接在荒料上加工出厚度小于5mm的薄板而不会使得石材在切割过程中发生破碎。天然开采的石材具有很多特殊之处，首先石材荒料尺寸并不统一，一般尺寸大重量也大，一般一颗荒料超过20吨，长宽高尺寸可超过3000*2000*2000mm，加工的石材大板截面积能够达到3000mm*2000mm。而且石材的莫氏硬度从2到9级不等，不同品种的硬度差别很大，即使是同一块荒料不同位置材质也不同，再加上天然石材本身带有裂纹、孔洞，材质非常复杂，这就导致采用金刚线切割石材将极易出现断线现象。一旦出现断线，金刚线线切割锯缝很小，石材切割后会由于内部应力产生变形或因冷却水的张力导致石材吸附在一起，将导致石材无法重新进行布线切割从而使切割到一半的石材报废造成损失。想要用金刚线切割石材并且取得好的效果就需要采用更大的线径来降低切割过程中金刚线的断线率，而大线径的金刚线同时也需要匹配更大的张力来保障金刚线的张紧。同时一颗石材荒料重达二三十吨，一次加工产出超过500平方的板材，加上石材具有很强的研磨性，采用金刚线进行切割一刀的单位面积的耗线量远大于切割其他小尺寸的人造材料，因此要想一次性把一颗大荒料加工完成就要使用大储线量的绕线轮。同时大尺寸的荒料主辊轮之间的跨度超过2000mm，在切割过程中摩擦受热累计的热量难以散去，同时排泄石粉困难，因此需要更大的冷却水量来冷却金刚线和冲刷带出切割物，高速的切割时候形成的带有压力的冷却水和石粉也将对轴承箱的防水性能提出更高的要求。
由于在加工石材领域，石材荒料长宽高很多都大于3000*2000*2000mm，切割的截面积超过3000*2000mm，金刚线切割时候只能有一个切割网面接触工件，因此最优的结构是采用平行的四辊轮结构形成切割网面。同时切割适用于石材加工的金刚线直径超过0.3mm，金刚线的工作张力超过60N。
申请号为201520035317.9的中国实用新型专利，公开了一种大理石的多线切割，包括机座、设于机座上的工作台和安装座，安装座位于工作台的上方，待切割的大理石固设在工作台上，工作台、安装座两个部件中至少有一个部件可升降地设于机座上，安装座上设有多根可绕自身轴心线旋转的绕线辊、按序绕设在多根绕线辊上形成多条切割丝的切割用钢线，每根绕线辊上所有切割丝沿绕线辊的长度延伸方向间隔分布，安装座上还设有用于对钢线进行收放的收放线机构、用于驱动其中至少一根绕线辊旋转从而带动切割丝往复运动的切割驱动机构。其中绕线辊有4根，所述钢线依次由第一根所述绕线辊的一个所述线槽引出，进入第二根所述绕线辊的一个线槽、进入第三根所述绕线辊的一个线槽、进入第四根所述绕线辊的一个线槽后，再进入第一根所述绕线辊的下一个线槽，如此循环而张紧在四根所述绕线辊的周部上形成多条所述切割丝。安装座上还固设有辊轮架，绕线辊的一端转动地安装在所述安装座上、另一端转动地安装在所述辊轮架上，所述辊轮架呈“H”型。
上述大理石的多线切割存在以下缺点：一、辊轮架整体为悬臂结构，在切割大尺寸石材过程中由于需要更长的导轮使得切割组件自身重量大，悬臂结构力臂很长支撑点单侧受力，稳定性不好，容易产生共振和抖动。二、其中放线机构是在下部的两根绕线辊中的之一进线，收线机构是两根绕线辊中的另之一出线，由于下部的两根绕线辊之间布设的金刚线形成切割网面，该切割网面为工作面，用于对石材进行切割，金刚线的两头分别与放线机构和收线机构相连，使得金刚线的两头直接参与石材的切割工作，波动大，金刚线容易断裂；并且金刚线与石材在切割过程中产生的粉尘与水汽容易被金刚线带入收线机构和放线机构，容易造成电气故障影响两者的使用。三、由于绕线辊重量重，绕线辊拆装时需使用提升机进行吊装，由于辊轮架呈“H”型，同一侧的上下两根绕线 辊分布在辊轮架中间横杆的上方和下方，在中间横杆的阻挡下下方绕线辊吊装困难，拆卸不便。四、悬臂式的切割组件上下移动进行切割，H型切割组件一边承载绕线辊的重力和切割力，一边又要整体移动进行切割，整体稳定性不佳，容易造成断线和切割面不平整。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于：克服以上缺点提供一种四立柱四导轮顶升式石材大板多线切割机，用于解决在切割石材大板时切割机稳定性不足，金刚线易断和水汽影响收放线机构的问题。
本发明通过如下技术方案实现：一种四立柱四导轮顶升式石材大板多线切割机，其特征在于：包括机台和设置在机台上方的机架，所述机架上设有切割组件，所述机台上设有位于切割组件下方用于活动举升石材以便切割组件进行切割的顶升机构；
所述切割组件包括金刚线、第一收放线机构、第二收放线机构、第一主导轮、第二主导轮、第三主导轮、第四主导轮和导轮驱动机构，四个主导轮沿水平纵向方向延伸且轴向两端分别转动连接在机架上，第一主导轮和第二主导轮位于同一高度位置，第三主导轮和第四主导轮位于同一高度位置，且所述第一主导轮位于第四主导轮的上方，所述第二主导轮位于第三主导轮的上方；所述导轮驱动机构与四个主导轮相连接并驱动各主导轮转动，所述第一收放线机构和第二收放线机构安装在机架上且分别连接金刚线的两端头，所述金刚线的一端头从第一收放线机构放线后在第一主导轮上进线，并依次沿着第一主导轮、第二主导轮、第三主导轮和第四主导轮的方向反复绕设在四个主导轮上，并由第二主导轮出线，所述金刚线在第三主导轮和第四主导轮底部之间形成由多条 相互平行间隔设置的切割线组成的用于进行石材切割的第一切割网面。
进一步，所述机架包括固定竖置在机台上的第一立柱、第二立柱、第三立柱和第四立柱，所述第一立柱和第二立柱位于机台的横向一侧的纵向两端，第三立柱和第四立柱位于机台的横向另一侧的纵向两端，第一立柱和第二立柱之间固定连接有位于两者外侧的第一纵向背板，第三立柱和第四立柱之间固定连接有位于两者外侧的第二纵向背板，第一立柱和第四立柱之间固定连接有第一横梁，第二立柱和第三立柱之间固定连接有第二横梁；
所述第一主导轮和第四主导轮的轴向两端分别转动连接在第一立柱和第二立柱上，所述第二主导轮和第三主导轮的轴向两端分别转动连接在第三立柱和第四立柱上，所述第一收放线机构安装在第一纵向背板上部，所述第二收放线机构安装在第二纵向背板上部。
进一步，所述第一横梁和第二横梁位于四根立柱的上部，且第一横梁和第二横梁上安装有喷淋系统。
进一步，所述第一纵向背板和第二纵向背板的下方留有检修口。
进一步，所述机台包括上层体、下层体以及连接在上层体和下层体之间的四个立墩，所述四个立墩分别设置在机台的横向两侧的纵向两端；
所述顶升机构包括设置在四个立墩之间的用于放置石材的升降台、四组用于举升升降台的升降机构、以及用于驱动四组升降机构同步动作的升降驱动装置，每组升降机构均包括竖置的T型丝杆和升降导轨，所述T型丝杆转动连接在上层体和下层体上，并且与升降台螺纹连接，所述升降导轨安装在对应立墩上并与升降台竖直滑动连接，其中上层体的中部还留有方便升降台抬升待切割 石材升降通过的通道，所述机架固定在上层体上。
进一步，所述机台为钢筋水泥材料制造。
进一步，所述第一收放线机构和第二收放线机构均包括收放线轮、用于驱动收放线轮转动的线轮驱动部件、设置在收放线轮旁侧的排线轮、用于驱动排线轮纵向移动的排线装置、设置在排线轮纵向一旁侧的张力轮、用于驱动张力轮活动的张力调节装置、设置在排线轮上方的进出线轮、以及用于驱动进出线轮纵向移动的走线机构，排线轮的出线点A、张力轮的进线点B、张力轮的出线点C和进出线轮的进线点D共面，位于所述进出线轮的出线点E和第一主导轮的进线点之间的金刚线垂直第一主导轮或第二主导轮的轴线，所述金刚线的一端头连接在收放线轮上，并依次经过排线轮、张力轮和进出线轮后与对应主导轮相连接。
进一步，所述走线机构包括固定设置在第一纵向背板或第二纵向背板上且沿纵向延伸的纵向丝杆和纵向导杆、与纵向丝杆螺纹连接且与纵向导杆滑动设置的滑板、以及用于驱动纵向丝杆转动的丝杆驱动部件，所述滑板上设有沿平行纵向丝杆方向垂直穿透滑板且在滑板上呈弧形延伸的弧形调节孔，弧形调节孔的圆心线平行于纵向丝杆延伸方向；所述进出线轮转动连接在连接板上且转动中心线垂直于纵向丝杆延伸方向，所述连接板通过穿设在弧形调节孔中的螺栓与滑板可调固定设置。
进一步，所述第一主导轮、第二主导轮、第三主导轮、第四主导轮均包括导轮本体，所述导轮本体的轴向两端内均同轴固设有用于连接主轴承箱或副轴承箱的堵头，所述导轮本体在两堵头的轴向外旁侧均预设有容纳腔体，所述主轴承箱和副轴承箱的轴向一端均能部分塞置于两个对应的容纳腔体中，并且使 位于主、副轴承箱的主轴与靠近定心堵头的前侧端盖之间相对运动处的连接缝隙分别躲藏在两个容纳腔体中。
该切割机采用顶升式，即切割组件设置在机架上，顶升机构设置在机台上，上方的切割组件与下方的顶升机构独立分开，切割产生的振动被机台和地面吸收，稳定性能好。而且该切割机采用上进线和上出线的形式，其中金刚线绕过上方的第一主导轮和第二主导轮才进入第三主导轮和第四主导轮，其中第一主导轮和第二主导轮起到了缓冲作用，金刚线从第一收放线机构和第二收放线机构出来后未直接参与切割，金刚线波动较小，不易断裂，而且金刚线与石材在切割过程中产生的粉尘与水汽不容易被金刚线带入第二收放线机构和第一收放线机构。并且采用四根平行主导轮的结构，四根主导轮可以撑开较大的切割室，能适应多种尺寸和形状的石材切割。
附图说明
图1为本发明实施例的结构示意图；
图2为本发明实施例中切割组件与机架的结构示意图；
图3为本发明实施例中机架的结构示意图；
图4为本发明实施例的使用状态示意图；
图5为本发明实施例中机台和顶升机构的结构示意图；
图6为本发明实施例中收第一收放线机构的结构示意图；
图7为本发明实施例中收第一收放线机构的使用状态示意图；
图8为本发明实施例中走线机构的结构示意图；
图9为图6中F的放大示意图；
图10为本发明实施例中主导轮的结构示意图；
图11为本发明实施例中主轴承箱的结构示意图。
标号说明：1-机台、11-上层体、12-下层体、13-立墩、2-机架、21-第一立柱、22-第二立柱、23-第三立柱、24-第四立柱、25-第一纵向背板、26-第二纵向背板、27-第一横梁、28-第二横梁、3-切割组件、31-金刚线、32-第一收放线机构、321-收放线轮、322-线轮驱动部件、323-排线轮、324-排线装置、325-张力轮、326-张力调节装置、327-进出线轮、328-走线机构、3281-纵向丝杆、3282-纵向导杆、3283-滑板、32831-弧形调节孔、3284-丝杆驱动部件、3285-连接板、33-第二收放线机构、34-第一主导轮、341-线槽、35-第二主导轮、36-第三主导轮、37-第四主导轮、38-导轮驱动机构、4-顶升机构、41-升降台、42-升降机构、421-T型丝杆、422-升降导轨、43-升降驱动装置、5-检修口、A-排线轮的出线点、B-张力轮的进线点、C-张力轮的出线点、D-进出线轮的进线点、E-进出线轮的出线点、a-石材、b-第一切割网面、c1-导轮本体、c13-容置腔体、c14-容置腔体、c3-堵头、c4-堵头、d-主轴承箱、d1-主轴、d2-外壳、d3-前侧端盖、d4-后侧端盖、d5-轴承、e-副轴承箱、e1-主轴、f-连接缝隙。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图说明对本发明做详细说明：
本实施例涉及一种四立柱四导轮顶升式石材大板多线切割机，如图1-9所 示，包括机台1和设置在机台1上方的机架2，所述机架2上设有切割组件3，所述机台1上设有位于切割组件3下方用于活动举升石材a以便切割组件3进行切割的顶升机构4；
所述切割组件3包括金刚线31、第一收放线机构32、第二收放线机构33、第一主导轮34、第二主导轮35、第三主导轮36、第四主导轮37和导轮驱动机构38，四个主导轮沿水平纵向方向延伸且轴向两端分别转动连接在机架2上，第一主导轮34和第二主导轮35位于同一高度位置，第三主导轮36和第四主导轮37位于同一高度位置，且所述第一主导轮34位于第四主导轮37的上方，所述第二主导轮35位于第三主导轮36的上方；所述导轮驱动机构38与四个主导轮相连接并驱动各主导轮转动，所述第一收放线机构32和第二收放线机构33安装在机架2上且分别连接金刚线31的两端头，所述金刚线31的一端头从第一收放线机构32放线后在第一主导轮34上进线，并依次沿着第一主导轮34、第二主导轮35、第三主导轮36和第四主导轮37的方向反复绕设在四个主导轮上，并由第二主导轮35出线，所述金刚线31在第三主导轮36和第四主导轮37底部之间形成由多条相互平行间隔设置的切割线组成的用于进行石材a切割的第一切割网面b。如图9所示，其中主导轮上设有3线槽341用于绕设金刚线。
如图1、4所示，该切割机采用顶升式，即切割组件设置在机架上，顶升机构设置在机台上，上方的切割组件与下方的顶升机构独立分开，切割产生的振动被机台和地面吸收，稳定性能好。而且该切割机采用上进线和上出线的形式，其中金刚线绕过上方的第一主导轮和第二主导轮才进入第三主导轮和第四主导轮，其中第一主导轮和第二主导轮起到了缓冲作用，金刚线从第一收放线机构和第二收放线机构出来后未直接参与切割，金刚线波动较小，不易断裂，而且 金刚线与石材在切割过程中产生的粉尘与水汽不容易被金刚线带入第二收放线机构和第一收放线机构。并且采用四根平行主导轮的结构，四根主导轮可以撑开较大的切割室，能适应多种尺寸和形状的石材切割。
作为进一步的改进，如图1-4所示，所述机架2包括固定竖置在机台1上的第一立柱21、第二立柱22、第三立柱23和第四立柱24，所述第一立柱21和第二立柱22位于机台1的横向一侧的纵向两端，第三立柱23和第四立柱24位于机台1的横向另一侧的纵向两端，第一立柱21和第二立柱22之间固定连接有位于两者外侧的第一纵向背板25，第三立柱23和第四立柱24之间固定连接有位于两者外侧的第二纵向背板26，第一立柱21和第四立柱24之间固定连接有第一横梁27，第二立柱22和第三立柱23之间固定连接有第二横梁28；
所述第一主导轮34和第四主导轮37的轴向两端分别转动连接在第一立柱21和第二立柱22上，所述第二主导轮35和第三主导轮36的轴向两端分别转动连接在第三立柱23和第四立柱24上，所述第一收放线机构32安装在第一纵向背板25上部，所述第二收放线机构33安装在第二纵向背板26上部。
其中机架2可以为一体浇筑成型或组装成型。其中第一横梁27和第二横梁28也可以为类似于横梁的结构，如三角形支架、顶盖或者背板等，第一纵向背板25和第二纵向背板26也可以为类似背板的结构，如横梁支撑，三角支撑等。
优选的，所述第一横梁27和第二横梁28位于四根立柱的上部，且第一横梁27和第二横梁28上安装有喷淋系统。
由于金刚线张力大，受力几十公斤，在四根导轮上缠绕上百条就是几吨，由于切割石材的尺寸很大，导致主导轮需做的很大，尺寸大导致主导轮的力臂 也大，通过四立柱，配合纵向背板和横梁形成一个框架结构，其中背板和横梁都靠近线网受力方向，力臂短，能起到很好的受力效果。并且每根梁或柱除了承担受力，还起到其它作用。第一横梁27和第二横梁28可支撑喷淋系统，第二纵向背板26和第一纵向背板25承担纵梁作用的同时，还可用于安装收放线机构，立柱用于传递受力，其中四根立柱直接固定在机台上，切割时产生的振动通过机台传递给地面，不像悬臂结构会产生长力臂，从而影响稳定性。而且第二纵向背板26和第一纵向背板25安装在立柱的外侧，上下主导轮之间没有阻挡，在吊装主导轮时操作方便。
作为进一步的改进，如图2-3所示，所述第一纵向背板25和第二纵向背板26的下方留有检修口5。由于纵向背板下方留有检修口方便工作人员拆装维护。其中检修口也可以为在背板上挖孔成型。
作为进一步的改进，如图1、5所示，所述机台1包括上层体11、下层体12以及连接在上层体11和下层体12之间的四个立墩13，所述四个立墩13分别设置在机台1的横向两侧的纵向两端；
所述顶升机构4包括设置在四个立墩13之间的用于放置石材的升降台41、四组用于举升升降台41的升降机构42、以及用于驱动四组升降机构42同步动作的升降驱动装置43，每组升降机构42均包括竖置的T型丝杆421和升降导轨422，所述T型丝杆421转动连接在上层体11和下层体12上，并且与升降台41螺纹连接，所述升降导轨422安装在对应立墩13上并与升降台41竖直滑动连接，其中上层体11的中部还留有方便升降台41抬升待切割石材a升降通过的通道，所述机架2固定在上层体11上。
该切割机的下部为机台和顶升机构，机台由上层体、下层体和四个立墩构 成，下层体直接接触地面，上层体用于安装机架和切割组件，同时上层体可以行走操作人员方便维护，整体稳定而且成本低，同时四组升降机构42的四个导轨422分设在四个立墩上，安装方便并且受力好。
进一步，所述机台1为钢筋水泥材料制造。采用钢筋水泥材料制造机台1，成本低并且可以分段制造。也可以用钢板焊接，铸件或者钢板加填充物进行制造。
作为进一步的改进，如图6-8所示，所述第一收放线机构32和第二收放线机构33均包括收放线轮321、用于驱动收放线轮321转动的线轮驱动部件322、设置在收放线轮321旁侧的排线轮323、用于驱动排线轮323纵向移动的排线装置324、设置在排线轮323纵向一旁侧的张力轮325、用于驱动张力轮325活动的张力调节装置326、设置在排线轮323上方的进出线轮327、以及用于驱动进出线轮327纵向移动的走线机构328，排线轮323的出线点A、张力轮325的进线点B、张力轮325的出线点C和进出线轮327的进线点D共面，位于所述进出线轮327的出线点E和第一主导轮34的进线点之间的金刚线垂直第一主导轮34或第二主导轮35的轴线，所述金刚线31的一端头连接在收放线轮321上，并依次经过排线轮323、张力轮325和进出线轮327后与对应主导轮相连接。作为优选方式，张力调节装置326控制张力轮325圆周纵向摆动。
为了实现多线切割机的往复运转，同时形成稳定的张力保障切割和不断线，小导轮的转弯半径小，金刚线容易造成扭曲和跳槽，因此小导轮越少走线的距离就越短，越不容易造成在走线过程中断线和磨损金刚线，同时越少的小导轮使用成本也越低，同时故障率也越低。该切割机采用三导轮进行布线，零部件较少，并且故障率低。
作为优选方式，如图8所示，所述走线机构328包括固定设置在第一纵向背板25或第二纵向背板26上且沿纵向延伸的纵向丝杆3281和纵向导杆3282、与纵向丝杆3281螺纹连接且与纵向导杆3282滑动设置的滑板3283、以及用于驱动纵向丝杆3281转动的丝杆驱动部件3284，所述滑板3283上设有沿平行纵向丝杆3281方向垂直穿透滑板3283且在滑板3283上呈弧形延伸的弧形调节孔32831，弧形调节孔32831的圆心线平行于纵向丝杆3281延伸方向；所述进出线轮327转动连接在连接板3285上且转动中心线垂直于纵向丝杆3281延伸方向，所述连接板3285通过穿设在弧形调节孔32831中的螺栓与滑板3283可调固定设置。其中走线机构可以调整进出线轮的纵向位置，以适应不同尺寸石材的切割。
进一步，如图10-11所示，所述第一主导轮34、第二主导轮35、第三主导轮36、第四主导轮37均包括导轮本体c1，所述导轮本体c1的轴向两端内均同轴固设有用于连接主轴承箱d或副轴承箱e的堵头c3，c4，所述导轮本体c1在两堵头c3，c4的轴向外旁侧均预设有容纳腔体c13,c14，所述主轴承箱d和副轴承箱e的轴向一端均能部分塞置于两个对应的容纳腔体c13,c14中，并且使位于主、副轴承箱的主轴d1,e1与靠近定心堵头c3，c4的前侧端盖之间相对运动处的连接缝隙f分别躲藏在两个容纳腔体c13,c14中。
其中主副轴承箱的结构类似，如图11所示，主轴承箱d主要包括主轴d1、外壳d2、设置在主轴d1和外壳d2之间轴承d5、用于密封外壳d2前后侧的前侧端盖d3和后侧端盖d4,其中前侧为主轴承箱靠近主导轮的一侧，所述前侧端盖b3、后侧端盖d4和外壳d2固定在一起并安装在机架上，主轴d1相对外部壳体部件转动设置，由于主轴d1能相对前侧端盖d3转动，并且主轴d1的转动速 度快，主轴d1与前侧端盖d3之间相对运动处的连接缝隙f采用常规方式如密封圈，迷宫等难以形成有效的密封，并且连接缝隙f又靠近主导轮，喷淋系统喷淋的冷却水直接作用在主导轮上，其中冷却水和粉尘直冲入连接缝隙d从而大量的冷水水进入轴承箱体内，容易造成轴承失效。
由于在主导轮中设有容纳腔体用于容纳轴承箱，使得连接缝隙躲藏其中，这样能防止冷却水直冲，起到类似于迷宫密封效果，防水效果好。并且堵头于主导轮的支撑点更加靠近，类似于1米导轮等于支撑点在0.8米位置处，这样受力更好。并且由于轴承箱内嵌，使得主导轮两端的容纳腔体内部掏空，重量更轻，起到减轻导轮重量的作用。
本实施例的工作原理和过程如下：石材a置于顶升机构4的升降台41上，通过四个升降机构42带动石材逐步上升。切割组件3的四根主导轮在各自导轮驱动机构38的带动下反复正反转，随之第一切割网面b反复拉锯石材a，直到石材切割完成。切割组件3在工作过程中第一收放线机构32用于放线，持续向主导轮提供新的金刚线31,第二收放线机构33持续收线，用于将切割破损的金刚线收集成卷。
尽管本发明采用具体实施例及其替代方式对本发明进行示意和说明，但应当理解，只要不背离本发明的精神范围内的各种变化和修改均可实施。因此，应当理解除了受随附的权利要求及其等同条件的限制外，本发明不受任何意义上的限制。

Claims (9)

  1. 一种石材大板多线切割机的切割装置，其特征在于：包括机架(2)，所述机架(2)上设有切割组件(3)；所述切割组件(3)包括金刚线(31)、第一收放线机构(32)、第二收放线机构(33)、第一主导轮(34)、第二主导轮(35)、第三主导轮(36)、第四主导轮(37)和导轮驱动机构(38)，四个主导轮沿水平纵向方向延伸且轴向两端分别转动连接在机架(2)上，所述第一主导轮(34)和第二主导轮(35)分别位于第四主导轮(37)和第三主导轮(36)的上方；所述导轮驱动机构(38)与四个主导轮相连接并驱动各主导轮转动，金刚线(31)反复绕设在四个主导轮上，并在第三主导轮(36)和第四主导轮(37)底部之间形成由多条相互平行间隔设置的切割线组成的用于进行石材切割的第一切割网面；
    所述第一收放线机构(32)位于机架(2)的横向一侧，所述第二收放线机位于机架(2)的横向另一侧，所述第一收放线机构(32)和第二收放线机构(33)均包括收放线轮(321)、用于驱动收放线轮(321)转动的线轮驱动部件(322)、设置在收放线轮(321)旁侧的排线轮(323)、用于驱动排线轮(323)纵向移动的排线装置(324)、设置在排线轮(323)纵向一旁侧的张力轮(325)、用于驱动张力轮(325)活动的张力调节装置(326)、设置在排线轮(323)上方的进出线轮(327)、以及用于驱动进出线轮(327)纵向移动的走线机构(328)；所述金刚线(31)的一端头连接在收放线轮(321)上，并依次经过排线轮(323)、张力轮(325)和进出线轮(327)后与对应主导轮相连接。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的一种石材大板多线切割机的切割装置，其特征在于：所述排线轮(323)的出线点A、张力轮(325)的进线点B、张力轮(325)的出线点C和进出线轮(327)的进线点D共面，位于所述进出线轮(327)的 出线点E和第一主导轮(34)的进线点之间的金刚线垂直第一主导轮(34)或第二主导轮(35)的轴线。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的一种石材大板多线切割机的切割装置，其特征在于：所述第一收放线机构(32)和第二收放线机构(33)分别连接金刚线(31)的两端头，所述金刚线(31)的一端头从第一收放线机构(32)放线后在第一主导轮(34)上进线，沿着第一主导轮(34)、第二主导轮(35)、第三主导轮(36)和第四主导轮(37)的方向绕设，并由第二主导轮(35)出线，从而形成上进线和上出线结构。
  4. 根据权利要求2所述的一种石材大板多线切割机的切割装置，其特征在于：所述走线机构(328)包括沿纵向延伸的纵向丝杆(3281)和纵向导杆(3282)、与纵向丝杆(3281)螺纹连接且与纵向导杆(3282)滑动设置的滑板(3283)、以及用于驱动纵向丝杆(3281)转动的丝杆驱动部件(3284)，所述进出线轮(327)转动设置在滑板(3283)上。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的一种石材大板多线切割机的切割装置，其特征在于：所述滑板(3283)上设有沿平行纵向丝杆(3281)方向垂直穿透滑板(3283)且在滑板(3283)上呈弧形延伸的弧形调节孔(32831)，弧形调节孔(32831)的圆心线平行于纵向丝杆(3281)延伸方向；所述进出线轮(327)转动连接在连接板(3285)上且转动中心线垂直于纵向丝杆(3281)延伸方向，所述连接板(3285)通过穿设在弧形调节孔(32831)中的螺栓与滑板(3283)可调固定设置。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的一种石材大板多线切割机的切割装置，其特征在于：所述机架(2)包括第一立柱(21)、第二立柱(22)、第三立柱(23)和第 四立柱(24)，所述第一立柱(21)和第二立柱(22)位于横向一侧的纵向两端，第三立柱(23)和第四立柱(24)位于横向另一侧的纵向两端，第一立柱(21)和第二立柱(22)之间固定连接有位于两者外侧的第一纵向背板(25)，第三立柱(23)和第四立柱(24)之间固定连接有位于两者外侧的第二纵向背板(26)，所述第一收放线机构(32)安装在第一纵向背板(25)上部，所述第二收放线机构(33)安装在第二纵向背板(26)上部。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的一种石材大板多线切割机的切割装置，其特征在于：所述第一立柱(21)和第四立柱(24)之间固定连接有第一横梁(27)，第二立柱(22)和第三立柱(23)之间固定连接有第二横梁(28)。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的一种石材大板多线切割机的切割装置，其特征在于：所述第一主导轮(34)、第二主导轮(35)、第三主导轮(36)和第四主导轮(37)均包括导轮本体(c1)，所述导轮本体(c1)的轴向两端内均同轴固设有用于连接主轴承箱(d)或副轴承箱(e)的堵头(c3，c4)，所述导轮本体(c1)在两堵头(c3，c4)的轴向外旁侧均预设有容纳腔体(c13,c14)，所述主轴承箱(d)和副轴承箱(e)的轴向一端均能部分塞置于两个对应的容纳腔体(c13,c14)中，并且使位于主、副轴承箱的主轴(d1,e1)与靠近定心堵头(c3，c4)的前侧端盖之间相对运动处的连接缝隙(f)分别躲藏在两个容纳腔体(c13,c14)中。
  9. 一种石材大板多线切割机，具有权利要求1-8任意一项所述的一种石材大板多线切割机的切割装置，其特征在于：还包括机台(1)，所述机架(2)设置在机台(1)上，所述机台(1)上设有位于切割组件(3)下方用于活动举升石材以便切割组件(3)进行切割的顶升机构(4)。
PCT/CN2023/078094 2022-04-18 2023-02-24 一种石材大板多线切割机的切割装置及多线切割机 WO2023202218A1 (zh)

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