WO2023202085A1 - 一种刀柄锁紧套及刀库 - Google Patents

一种刀柄锁紧套及刀库 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023202085A1
WO2023202085A1 PCT/CN2022/136809 CN2022136809W WO2023202085A1 WO 2023202085 A1 WO2023202085 A1 WO 2023202085A1 CN 2022136809 W CN2022136809 W CN 2022136809W WO 2023202085 A1 WO2023202085 A1 WO 2023202085A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
tool
claw
handle
tool handle
pulling claw
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2022/136809
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
陈玉峰
杜长林
任志辉
宋明山
蔡春刚
范春宏
郭翠娟
王连炀
李亚鹏
贺行健
宫兴林
鲍文禄
Original Assignee
科德数控股份有限公司
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 科德数控股份有限公司 filed Critical 科德数控股份有限公司
Publication of WO2023202085A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023202085A1/zh

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
    • B23Q3/00—Devices holding, supporting, or positioning work or tools, of a kind normally removable from the machine
    • B23Q3/155—Arrangements for automatic insertion or removal of tools, e.g. combined with manual handling
    • B23Q3/1552—Arrangements for automatic insertion or removal of tools, e.g. combined with manual handling parts of devices for automatically inserting or removing tools
    • B23Q3/15526—Storage devices; Drive mechanisms therefor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
    • B23Q3/00—Devices holding, supporting, or positioning work or tools, of a kind normally removable from the machine
    • B23Q3/155—Arrangements for automatic insertion or removal of tools, e.g. combined with manual handling
    • B23Q3/1552—Arrangements for automatic insertion or removal of tools, e.g. combined with manual handling parts of devices for automatically inserting or removing tools
    • B23Q3/15526—Storage devices; Drive mechanisms therefor
    • B23Q2003/15527—Storage devices; Drive mechanisms therefor the storage device including means to latch tools

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the technical field of CNC machine tool tool magazines, and in particular to a tool handle locking sleeve and a tool magazine.
  • the tool handle locking sleeves used in tool magazines generally use steel balls in the tool sleeve to push against the inner wall of the tool handle through a spring to lock the tool handle.
  • the locking force is large, and the tool handle is completely pulled out by the ATC manipulator. Due to the large locking force, the ATC tool changing mechanism deforms over a period of time, causing rapid loss of accuracy, prone to tool jamming, and requiring maintenance for a period of time.
  • the deformation of the ATC tool change arm causes the tool change point to shift.
  • the tool handle frequently hits the spindle inner hole, causing damage to the spindle inner hole, loss of spindle accuracy, and increased spindle maintenance costs.
  • Manual knife installation requires force to install the knife handle into the knife sheath, which is very labor-intensive.
  • the present invention proposes a tool handle locking sleeve.
  • a tool handle locking sleeve includes a knife sleeve, a claw, an elastic member and a pin;
  • the knife holder is provided with a handle receiving cavity, one end of the handle receiving cavity is provided with a handle installation port for inserting or extracting the handle, and the other end is provided with a claw mounting portion for installing the pull claw;
  • the tool handle clamping part is provided with a tool handle clamping surface, and the pulling claw is hingedly connected to the pulling claw through the pin.
  • the tool handle clamping part is placed in the tool handle receiving cavity, and the claw driving part is placed outside the tool handle receiving cavity;
  • the elastic member connects the pulling claw and the pulling claw mounting part. After the tool handle is inserted into the tool handle receiving cavity from the tool handle mounting opening, the restoring force of the elastic member drives the pulling claw around the tool handle. The rotation of the pin causes the tool holder clamping portion to snap into the inner diameter of the tool holder, thereby realizing the clamping connection between the tool holder clamping surface and the inner diameter of the tool holder;
  • the tool handle engaging part is separated from the inner diameter of the tool handle.
  • the knife sleeve is a sleeve structure with an open end at one end and a blind end at the other end.
  • One end of the open end is a handle mounting port, and one end of the blind end is a claw mounting portion.
  • the claw mounting portion is provided with a claw mounting portion. opening, the pulling claw is placed in the pulling claw installation opening and is hinged with the blind end.
  • the angle between the tool handle engaging part and the pulling claw driving part is less than or equal to 90°
  • a pulling claw connection part is provided between the angle between the tool handle engaging part and the pulling claw driving part
  • the claw connecting part is hingedly connected to the claw mounting part through the pin.
  • the side of the tool handle clamping portion opposite to the claw connection portion is a claw limiting portion, and a limiting opening is provided on the claw limiting portion.
  • the length of the pulling claw driving part is greater than the length of the tool shank engaging part.
  • the end of the tool handle clamping portion is also provided with a guide surface.
  • a tool handle positioning key is fixed at one end of the tool handle receiving cavity close to the claw mounting portion. After the tool handle is inserted into the tool handle receiving cavity from the tool handle installation opening, the tool handle is positioned. The key inserts into the high keyway of the tool holder.
  • a cylindrical pin is fixed at one end of the tool holder accommodation cavity close to the claw mounting portion.
  • the cylindrical pin is arranged opposite to the tool holder positioning key, and the tool holder is inserted into the tool holder installation opening. After the tool holder is accommodated in the cavity, the cylindrical pin is placed in the low keyway of the tool holder and contacts the bottom surface of the low keyway.
  • a tool magazine which is characterized in that it includes a tool magazine disk, a cylinder driving mechanism, a claw driving device and the tool handle locking sleeve disclosed in the present invention.
  • the cylinder driving mechanism is installed on the tool magazine disk, so The tool magazine disk is provided with a plurality of tool sleeve mounting holes, and the tool sleeves are installed in the sleeve mounting holes.
  • a claw driving device is fixed at the end of the cylinder driving mechanism, and the cylinder driving mechanism can drive the claw driving device. Move to each tool sleeve mounting hole to drive the pulling claw, and the pulling claw driving device can drive the pulling claw to rotate.
  • the claw driving device includes a cylinder and a pressure wheel arranged on the output shaft of the cylinder, and the pressure wheel is hingedly connected to the output shaft of the cylinder.
  • the tool handle locking sleeve disclosed in the present invention has the following beneficial effects: the tool handle locking sleeve structure disclosed in the present invention has a knife sleeve, a pulling claw and an elastic member, and the knife sleeve, the pulling claw and the elastic member are formed It has a lever structure and clamps the tool handle from the inside of the tool handle. It has the advantages of large locking force and reliable locking. It is used to lock relatively heavy tools and has the advantage of simple structure.
  • Figure 1 is an axial view of the tool handle locking sleeve disclosed in the present invention
  • Figure 2 is a front view of the tool handle locking sleeve disclosed in the present invention.
  • Figure 3 is a top view of the tool handle locking sleeve disclosed in the present invention.
  • Figure 4 is a bottom view of the tool handle locking sleeve disclosed in the present invention.
  • Figure 5 is a front view of the knife holder disclosed in the present invention.
  • Figure 6 is a top view of the knife holder disclosed in the present invention.
  • Figure 7 is a cross-sectional view of the knife holder disclosed in the present invention.
  • Figure 8 is an axial view of the tool sleeve disclosed in the present invention.
  • Figure 9 is a structural diagram of the pull claw disclosed in the present invention.
  • Figure 10 is a front view of the tool handle locking sleeve disclosed in the present invention after being connected to the tool handle;
  • Figure 11 is a partial cross-sectional view of the tool handle locking sleeve disclosed in the present invention after being connected to the tool handle;
  • Figure 12 is a partial enlarged view of the dotted line in Figure 11;
  • Figure 13 is a partial cross-sectional view of the tool holder locking sleeve disclosed in the present invention after being connected to the tool holder, taken from the cylindrical pin and the tool holder positioning key;
  • Figure 14 is a structural diagram of a tool magazine with a tool handle locking sleeve disclosed in the present invention.
  • Knife holder 10. Tool holder receiving cavity, 11. Tool holder installation opening, 12. Claw installation part, 13. Claw installation opening, 14. Slotting, 15. Support ear, 16. Knife holder The inner wall surface of the blind end, 2. Pulling claw, 20. Tool handle clamping part, 21. Pulling claw driving part, 22. Tool handle clamping surface, 23. Pulling claw connection part, 24. Pulling claw limiting part, 25. Limit opening, 26. Limiting surface, 27. Guide surface, 3. Elastic member, 30. Screw, 31. Nut, 32. Screw, 4. Pin, 5. Pulling claw driving device, 50. Cylinder, 51. Press wheel, 60. Tool holder positioning key, 61. Cylindrical pin, 7. Tool holder, 70. High keyway, 71. Low keyway, 80. Tool magazine plate, 81. Tool sleeve mounting hole, 82. Cylinder driving mechanism.
  • the tool handle locking sleeve disclosed by the present invention includes a tool sleeve 1, a claw 2, an elastic member 3 and a pin 4;
  • the tool holder 1 is provided with a tool handle receiving cavity 10.
  • the tool handle containing cavity is a tapered cavity structure that matches the tool handle.
  • the tool handle accommodates One end of the cavity 10 is provided with a handle mounting opening 11 for inserting or extracting the handle 7, and the other end is provided with a claw mounting portion 12 for installing the claw 2.
  • the knife holder 1 is a sleeve structure with an open end at one end and a blind end at the other end.
  • One end of the open end is a tool handle mounting port 11, and one end of the blind end is a claw mounting portion 12.
  • the claw mounting portion 12 is provided with a claw mounting opening 13.
  • the pulling claw 2 is placed in the pulling claw installation opening 13 and is hinged with the blind end;
  • one end of the pulling claw 2 is a handle engaging portion 20, and the other end is a pulling claw driving portion 21.
  • the handle engaging portion 20 is provided with a handle engaging surface 22.
  • the claw 2 is hingedly connected to the claw mounting part 12 through the pin 4, and the tool handle clamping part 20 is placed in the tool handle receiving cavity 10, and the pulling claw driving part 21 is placed in the tool handle receiving cavity 10.
  • the pull claw 2 is a curved steel plate structure, and the two sides of the steel plate are respectively the handle clamping part 20 and the pull claw driving part 21.
  • the angle between the connecting part 20 and the claw driving part 21 is less than or equal to 90°.
  • the angle between the tool handle clamping part 20 and the claw driving part 21 is 90°.
  • the tool handle An outwardly protruding claw connecting portion 23 is provided between the clamping portion 20 and the claw driving portion 21. As shown in Figures 6, 7 and 8, the blind end of the knife holder 1 is located outside the claw.
  • a slot 14 is provided on both sides of the installation opening 12.
  • a support ear 15 is formed between the claw installation opening 12 and the slot 14.
  • the claw connecting portion 23 is provided with a through hole and is connected to the pin 4 through the pin.
  • the support ears 15 are hinged;
  • the elastic member 3 connects the pulling claw 2 and the pulling claw mounting part 12. After the tool handle 7 is inserted into the tool handle receiving cavity 10 from the tool handle mounting opening 11, the restoring force of the elastic member 3 drives The pulling claw 2 rotates around the pin 4 so that the tool handle clamping portion 20 snaps into the inner diameter of the tool handle 7 to realize the clamping connection between the tool handle clamping surface 22 and the inner diameter of the tool handle 7 , specifically, in this embodiment, as shown in Figures 1, 2 and 3, the elastic member 3 is a tension spring, and one tension spring is provided on both sides of the claw 2. One end of the tension spring is fixed on the claw mounting part 12 (on the outer end wall of the blind end of the tool holder) through a screw 32, and the other end is fixed on the claw 2 through a nut 31 and a screw 30;
  • the tool handle engaging part 20 is separated from the inner diameter of the tool handle 7.
  • the claw driving device 5 is used to drive the claw 2 to move.
  • the claw driving device 5 can drive the claw driving part 21 to make the claw 2 rotate around the pin 4, so that the tool handle is engaged.
  • the part 20 is separated from the inner diameter of the tool handle 7.
  • the pulling claw driving device 5 includes a cylinder 50 and a pressure wheel 51 provided on the output shaft of the cylinder 50.
  • the output shaft of the cylinder moves along the vertical knife axis.
  • the direction of the blind end face of the sleeve is set, and the pressure wheel 51 is hingedly connected to the output shaft of the cylinder 50 .
  • the tool handle locking sleeve disclosed by the present invention is shown in Figures 10 and 11.
  • the side wall of the tool handle can be inserted into the tool handle clamping part and the tool sleeve. in the gap between the inner diameters, so that the clamping portion of the tool handle extends into the inner diameter of the tool handle.
  • the clamping surface of the tool handle abuts the bevel in the inner diameter of the tool handle, and the tool handle
  • the handle clamping part presses the inner diameter of the tool handle under the tension of the elastic member, thereby realizing the clamping of the tool handle.
  • the tool handle locking sleeve disclosed in the present application locks the tool handle from the inside of the tool handle under the tension of the spring. Clamping has the advantages of large locking force and reliable locking. It is used to lock relatively heavy tools. It also has the advantage of simple structure. This structure has high reliability and long maintenance cycle. The inner hole wall of the spindle is Not easy to damage and other advantages.
  • the side of the tool handle engaging portion 20 opposite to the claw connecting portion 23 is a claw limiting portion 24, and a limiting opening 25 is provided on the claw limiting portion 24.
  • the claw limiting portion 24 is When the pulling claw 2 is placed in the pulling claw installation opening 13 and installed on the pulling claw mounting part 12, the limiting opening 25 is stuck into the blind end wall of the tool holder 1. Since the limiting opening is provided , when the cylinder drives the claw to rotate through the pressure wheel, arrow A in Figure 12 shows the direction of rotation, and the side wall surface of the limit opening located in the tool holder receiving cavity can contact the inner wall surface 16 of the blind end to achieve alignment.
  • the limit of the rotation of the pulling claw can facilitate the separation of the tool handle and the tool sleeve, and improve the separation efficiency of the tool handle and the tool sleeve.
  • the length of the pulling claw driving part 21 is greater than the length of the tool handle clamping part 20, so that the pulling claw can be driven to separate with a smaller driving force through the lever structure, so that a smaller model of cylinder can be used. Cost is saved, and at the same time, the tension of the elastic member uses the lever principle to achieve a smaller tension spring tension and a larger locking force at the tool handle clamping portion, so that the tool handle locking sleeve disclosed in the present invention can obtain Large locking force.
  • the end of the tool handle clamping portion 20 is also provided with a guide surface 27.
  • the guide surface is an arc-shaped surface provided at the end of the tool handle clamping portion. The guide surface makes the gap between the tool holder clamping part and the inner diameter of the tool sleeve gradually clear from one end of the tool holder installation port to the other end, thereby facilitating guidance during the insertion process of the tool holder, and further facilitating the insertion of the tool holder between the tool holder clamping part and the tool holder. between the inner walls of the knife holder.
  • a handle positioning key 60 is fixed at one end of the handle receiving cavity 10 close to the claw mounting portion 12 , and the handle 7 is inserted into the handle 7 from the handle mounting opening 11 .
  • the tool holder positioning key 60 is inserted into the high keyway 70 of the tool holder 7.
  • the tool holder positioning key mounting groove 62 is provided on the outer wall of one end of the claw mounting portion of the tool holder 1 , the tool holder positioning key 60 is fixed in the tool holder positioning key installation groove 62 by screws, so that part of the tool holder positioning key extends into the tool holder receiving cavity.
  • the tool holder positioning key Since the tool holder positioning key is provided, it can ensure that the tool holder is inserted into the tool sleeve. Accuracy, that is, when the tool holder is inserted into the tool holder, the tool holder positioning key 60 is inserted into the high keyway of the tool holder, which plays the role of orienting the tool tip of the tool holder.
  • a cylindrical pin 61 is fixed at one end of the tool holder receiving cavity 10 close to the claw mounting part 12.
  • the cylindrical pin 61 is arranged opposite to the tool holder positioning key 60, and the tool holder 7 is removed from the tool holder positioning key 60.
  • the cylindrical pin 61 is placed in the low keyway 71 of the tool holder 7 and contacts the bottom surface of the low keyway 71 .
  • the tool holder 1 The outer wall of one end of the claw installation part is provided with a cylindrical pin mounting hole 63 on the side opposite to the mounting groove of the tool holder positioning key.
  • a cylindrical pin is installed in the cylindrical pin mounting hole 63.
  • the cylindrical pin Since the cylindrical pin is installed on the opposite side of the tool holder positioning key , the cylindrical pin contacts the low surface of the tool holder's keyway, and the cylindrical pin prevents the tool holder from being installed in the opposite direction. That is, if the tool holder is installed in the opposite direction, the high keyway bottom surface of the tool holder interferes with the cylindrical pin, and the tool holder The handle is not installed in place, so the tool handle is not installed successfully, which serves as a reminder to the operator.
  • a tool magazine disclosed in the present invention includes a tool magazine disk 80, a cylinder driving mechanism 82 and the tool handle locking sleeve disclosed in the present application.
  • the cylinder driving mechanism 82 is installed on the tool magazine disk 80.
  • On the tool magazine plate 80 there are a plurality of tool sleeve mounting holes 81, the tool sleeve 1 is installed in the tool sleeve mounting hole 81, and the claw driving device 5 is fixed at the end of the cylinder driving mechanism 82.
  • the cylinder driving mechanism 82 can drive the pulling claw driving device 5 to move to each tool sleeve mounting hole 81 to drive the pulling claw.
  • a circular tool magazine disk and the center of the circular tool magazine disk
  • a cylinder driving mechanism is installed.
  • the cylinder driving mechanism can rotate under the drive of a driving device such as a motor.
  • the end of the cylinder driving mechanism is provided with a claw driving device 5.
  • the rotation of the cylinder driving mechanism can cause the claw driving device to move to each position.
  • the claw driving device can drive the claw at the corresponding position to achieve separation of the tool handle and the knife sleeve.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Automatic Tool Replacement In Machine Tools (AREA)
  • Gripping On Spindles (AREA)

Abstract

本发明公开了一种刀柄锁紧套及刀库，包括刀套、拉爪、弹性件以及销轴；刀套内设有刀柄容纳腔，刀柄容纳腔的一端设有刀柄安装口，另一端设有拉爪安装部；拉爪包括刀柄卡接部和拉爪驱动部，刀柄卡接部上设有刀柄卡接面，拉爪铰接在拉爪安装部上，弹性件连接拉爪与刀套，刀柄插入刀柄容纳腔后，弹性件的驱动拉爪使得刀柄卡接部卡入刀柄的内径中实现刀柄卡接面与刀柄的内径卡接；当外力驱动拉爪驱动部使得拉爪绕销轴转动时，刀柄卡接部与刀柄的内径分离。本发明公开了一种刀柄锁紧套具有锁紧力大，锁紧可靠的优点，使用于对重量比较重的刀具进行锁紧，同时具有结构简单的优点。

Description

一种刀柄锁紧套及刀库 技术领域
本发明涉及数控机床刀库技术领域，尤其是一种刀柄锁紧套及刀库。
背景技术
目前刀库上用的刀柄锁紧套普遍采用的是刀套内的钢珠通过弹簧顶住刀柄内壁锁住刀柄，锁紧力大，刀柄拔刀完全通过ATC机械手把刀具拔出，由于锁紧力大，ATC换刀机构经过一段时间变形，精度损失快，容易出现卡刀问题，一段时间需要维护。ATC换刀臂变形导致换刀点偏移，换刀时刀柄频繁撞击主轴内孔，导致主轴内孔损伤，主轴精度损失，维修主轴成本增加。人工装刀需要用力才能把刀柄装入刀套，非常耗费体力。
发明内容
本发明针对以上问题提出了一种刀柄锁紧套。
本发明采用的技术手段如下：
一种刀柄锁紧套，包括刀套、拉爪、弹性件以及销轴；
所述刀套内设有刀柄容纳腔，所述刀柄容纳腔的一端设有用于刀柄插入或拔出的刀柄安装口，另一端设有用于安装拉爪的拉爪安装部；
所述拉爪一端为刀柄卡接部，另一端为拉爪驱动部，所述刀柄卡接部上设有刀柄卡接面，所述拉爪通过所述销轴铰接在所述拉爪安装部上，且所述刀柄卡接部置于所述刀柄容纳腔内，所述拉爪驱动部置于所述刀柄容纳腔外；
所述弹性件连接所述拉爪与所述拉爪安装部，刀柄从所述刀柄安装口插入所述刀柄容纳腔后，所述弹性件的回复力驱动所述拉爪绕所述销轴转动使得所述刀柄卡接部卡入所述刀柄的内径中实现所述刀柄卡接面与所述刀柄的内径卡接；
当外力驱动所述拉爪驱动部使得所述拉爪绕所述销轴转动时，所述刀柄卡接部与所述刀柄的内径分离。
进一步地，所述刀套为一端开口端另一端为盲端的套筒结构，开口端的一端为刀柄安装口，盲端的一端为拉爪安装部，所述拉爪安装 部上设有拉爪安装开口，所述拉爪置于所述拉爪安装开口中并与盲端铰接。
进一步地，所述刀柄卡接部与所述拉爪驱动部间夹角小于或等于90°，所述刀柄卡接部与所述拉爪驱动部夹角间设有拉爪连接部，所述拉爪连接部通过所述销轴与所述拉爪安装部铰接。
进一步地，所述刀柄卡接部上与所述拉爪连接部相对的一侧为拉爪限位部，所述拉爪限位部上设有限位开口，当所述拉爪置于所述拉爪安装开口中并安装在所述拉爪安装部上时，所述限位开口卡入所述刀套的盲端壁上。
进一步地，所述拉爪驱动部的长度大于所述刀柄卡接部的长度。
进一步地，所述刀柄卡接部的端部还设有导向面。
进一步地，所述刀柄容纳腔内靠近所述拉爪安装部的一端还固定有刀柄定位键，刀柄从所述刀柄安装口插入所述刀柄容纳腔后，所述刀柄定位键插入所述刀柄的高键槽中。
进一步地，所述刀柄容纳腔内靠近所述拉爪安装部的一端还固定有圆柱销，所述圆柱销与所述刀柄定位键相对设置，刀柄从所述刀柄安装口插入所述刀柄容纳腔后，所述圆柱销置于所述刀柄的低键槽中并与所述低键槽的底面接触。
一种刀库，其特征在于：包括刀库盘、气缸驱动机构、拉爪驱动装置以及本发明公开的所述刀柄锁紧套，所述气缸驱动机构安装在所述刀库盘上，所述刀库盘上设有多个刀套安装孔，刀套安装在所述到套安装孔中，所述气缸驱动机构的端部固定有拉爪驱动装置，气缸驱动机构可驱动拉爪驱动装置运动至每个刀套安装孔处以驱动拉爪，所述拉爪驱动装置能够驱动拉爪转动。
进一步地，所述拉爪驱动装置包括气缸和设置在所述气缸输出轴上的压轮，所述压轮与是气缸输出轴铰接。
与现有技术比较，本发明公开的刀柄锁紧套具有以下有益效果：本发明公开的刀柄锁紧套结构由于具有刀套、拉爪以及弹性件，刀套、拉爪以及弹性件形成杠杆结构，并从刀柄内部对刀柄进行夹持，具有 锁紧力大，锁紧可靠的优点，使用于对重量比较重的刀具进行锁紧，同时具有结构简单的优点。
附图说明
图1为本发明公开的刀柄锁紧套的轴视图；
图2为本发明公开的刀柄锁紧套的主视图；
图3为本发明公开的刀柄锁紧套的俯视图；
图4为本发明公开的刀柄锁紧套的仰视图；
图5为本发明公开的刀套的主视图；
图6为本发明公开的刀套的俯视图；
图7为本发明公开的刀套的剖视图；
图8为本发明公开的刀套的轴视图；
图9为本发明公开的拉爪的结构图；
图10为本发明公开的刀柄锁紧套与刀柄连接后的主视图；
图11为本发明公开的刀柄锁紧套与刀柄连接后的局部剖视图；
图12为图11中虚线处的局部放大图；
图13为本发明公开的刀柄锁紧套与刀柄连接后的局部剖视图，从圆柱销和刀柄定位键处剖视；
图14为具有本发明公开的刀柄锁紧套的刀库结构图。
图中：1、刀套，10、刀柄容纳腔，11、刀柄安装口，12、拉爪安装部，13、拉爪安装开口，14、切槽，15、支撑耳，16、刀套盲端的内壁面，2、拉爪，20、刀柄卡接部，21、拉爪驱动部，22、刀柄卡接面，23、拉爪连接部，24、拉爪限位部，25、限位开口，26、限位面，27、导向面，3、弹性件，30、螺杆，31、螺母，32、螺钉，4、销轴，5、拉爪驱动装置，50、气缸，51、压轮，60、刀柄定位键，61、圆柱销，7、刀柄，70、高键槽，71、低键槽，80、刀库盘，81、刀套安装孔，82、气缸驱动机构。
具体实施方式
如图1、图2、图3以及图4所示为本发明公开的刀柄锁紧套， 包括刀套1、拉爪2、弹性件3以及销轴4；
如图5、图6、图7以及图8所示，所述刀套1内设有刀柄容纳腔10，刀柄容纳腔是与刀柄配合的锥形腔体结构，所述刀柄容纳腔10的一端设有用于刀柄7插入或拔出的刀柄安装口11，另一端设有用于安装拉爪2的拉爪安装部12，具体地，在本实施例中，所述刀套1为一端开口端另一端为盲端的套筒结构，开口端的一端为刀柄安装口11，盲端的一端为拉爪安装部12，所述拉爪安装部12上设有拉爪安装开口13，所述拉爪2置于所述拉爪安装开口13中并与盲端铰接；
如图9所示，所述拉爪2一端为刀柄卡接部20，另一端为拉爪驱动部21，所述刀柄卡接部20上设有刀柄卡接面22，所述拉爪2通过所述销轴4铰接在所述拉爪安装部12上，且所述刀柄卡接部20置于所述刀柄容纳腔10内，所述拉爪驱动部21置于所述刀柄容纳腔10外，具体地，在本实施例中，拉爪2为弯曲的钢板结构，钢板的两个边分别为刀柄卡接部20和拉爪驱动部21，所述刀柄卡接部20与所述拉爪驱动部21间夹角小于或等于90°，优选地，所述刀柄卡接部20与所述拉爪驱动部21间夹角为90°，所述刀柄卡接部20与所述拉爪驱动部21夹角间设有向外凸出的拉爪连接部23，如图6、图7和图8所示，刀套1的盲端外侧位于拉爪安装开口12的两侧分别设有一个切槽14，拉爪安装开口12与切槽14之间形成支撑耳15，所述拉爪连接部23上设有通孔并通过所述销轴4与所述支撑耳15铰接；
所述弹性件3连接所述拉爪2与所述拉爪安装部12，刀柄7从所述刀柄安装口11插入所述刀柄容纳腔10后，所述弹性件3的回复力驱动所述拉爪2绕所述销轴4转动使得所述刀柄卡接部20卡入所述刀柄7的内径中实现所述刀柄卡接面22与所述刀柄7的内径卡接，具体地，在本实施例中，如图1、图2和图3所示，所述弹性件3为拉簧，所述拉爪2的两侧分别设有一个所述拉簧，所述拉簧的一端通过螺钉32固定在所述拉爪安装部12上(刀套的盲端的外端壁上)，另一端通过螺母31和螺杆30固定在所述拉爪2上；
当外力驱动所述拉爪驱动部21使得所述拉爪2绕所述销轴4转动时，所述刀柄卡接部20与所述刀柄7的内径分离，具体地，本实施例中，采用拉爪驱动装置5驱动拉爪2运动，所述拉爪驱动装置5可驱动所述拉爪驱动部21使得所述拉爪2绕所述销轴4转动，从而所述刀柄卡接部20与所述刀柄7的内径分离，在本实施例中，所述拉爪驱动装置5包括气缸50和设置在所述气缸50输出轴上的压轮51，气缸的输出轴沿垂直刀套的盲端面方向设置，所述压轮51与是气缸50输出轴铰接。
本发明公开的刀柄锁紧套，如图10和图11所示，当刀柄从刀柄安装口插入刀柄容纳腔中时，刀柄的侧壁能够插入刀柄卡接部与刀套内径之间的间隙中，从而使得刀柄卡接部伸入刀柄的内径中，刀柄的内径中设有一个斜面，刀柄卡接面与刀柄内径中的斜面抵接，并且，刀柄卡接部在弹性件的拉力作用下压紧刀柄内径，进而实现对刀柄的夹持，本申请公开的刀柄锁紧套由于在弹簧的拉力作用下从刀柄内部对刀柄进行夹持，具有锁紧力大，锁紧可靠的优点，使用于对重量比较重的刀具进行锁紧，同时具有结构简单的优点，且这种结构可靠性高，维护周期长，主轴内孔壁不容易损伤等优点。
进一步地，所述刀柄卡接部20上与所述拉爪连接部23相对的一侧为拉爪限位部24，所述拉爪限位部24上设有限位开口25，当所述拉爪2置于所述拉爪安装开口13中并安装在所述拉爪安装部12上时，所述限位开口25卡入所述刀套1的盲端壁上，由于设置有限位开口，在气缸通过压轮驱动拉爪转动过程中，图12中箭头A所示为转动方向，限位开口的位于刀柄容纳腔内的侧壁面能够与盲端的内壁面16抵接，以实现对拉爪转动的限位，从而可以方便的实现刀柄与刀套的分离，提高了刀柄与刀套的分离效率。
进一步地，所述拉爪驱动部21的长度大于所述刀柄卡接部20的长度，从而通过杠杆结构可以通过较小的驱动力驱动拉爪分离，从而可以采用较小的型号的气缸，节省了成本，同时，弹性件的拉力通过杠杆原理，使得较小的拉簧拉力而获得较大的刀柄卡接部处的锁紧力，从而使得本发明公开的刀柄锁紧套能够获得较大的锁紧力。
进一步地，如图9所示，所述刀柄卡接部20的端部还设有导向面27，在本实施例中，导向面为设置在刀柄卡接部端部的弧形面，导向面使得刀柄卡接部与刀套内径之间的间隙由刀柄安装口一端向另一端逐渐间隙，从而方便在刀柄插入过程中进行导向，进而方便刀柄插入刀柄卡接部与刀套内壁之间。
进一步地，如图13所示，所述刀柄容纳腔10内靠近所述拉爪安装部12的一端还固定有刀柄定位键60，刀柄7从所述刀柄安装口11插入所述刀柄容纳腔10后，所述刀柄定位键60插入所述刀柄7的高键槽70中，具体地，刀套1的拉爪安装部一端的外壁上设有刀柄定位键安装槽62，刀柄定位键60通过螺钉固定在刀柄定位键安装槽62内使得刀柄定位键的一部分伸入刀柄容纳腔内，由于设置有刀柄定位键，可以保证刀柄插入刀套中的准确性，即当刀柄插入刀套中时，刀柄定位键60插入刀柄的高键槽中，起到了对刀柄刀尖定向的功能。
进一步地，所述刀柄容纳腔10内靠近所述拉爪安装部12的一端还固定有圆柱销61，所述圆柱销61与所述刀柄定位键60相对设置，刀柄7从所述刀柄安装口11插入所述刀柄容纳腔10后，所述圆柱销61置于所述刀柄7的低键槽71中并与所述低键槽71的底面接触，具体地，刀套1的拉爪安装部一端的外壁上与设有刀柄定位键安装槽相对的一侧设有圆柱销安装孔63，圆柱销安装孔63内安装有圆柱销，由于刀柄定位键对侧安装圆柱销，圆柱销和刀柄的低键槽低面接触，圆柱销起到防止刀柄高低键方向安装反，即假如当刀柄高低键槽方向安装反了，刀柄的高键槽底面和圆柱销干涉，刀柄安装不到位，从而刀柄安装不成功，起到提醒操作者的作用。
如图14为本发明公开的一种刀库，包括刀库盘80、气缸驱动机构82以及本申请公开的所述刀柄锁紧套，所述气缸驱动机构82安装在所述刀库盘80上，所述刀库盘80上设有多个刀套安装孔81，刀套1安装在所述刀套安装孔81中，所述气缸驱动机构82的端部固定有拉爪驱动装置5，气缸驱动机构82可驱动拉爪驱动装置5运动至每个刀套安装孔81处以驱动拉爪，在本实施例中，图中所示的为圆形刀库盘，圆形刀库盘的中心安装有气缸驱动机构，气缸驱动机构能 够在电机等驱动装置的驱动下能够转动，气缸驱动机构的端部设有拉爪驱动装置5，气缸驱动机构的转动可以使得拉爪驱动装置运动至每个刀套安装孔处，拉爪驱动装置能够驱动对应位置处的拉爪以实现对刀柄与刀套的分离。
以上所述，仅为本发明较佳的具体实施方式，但本发明的保护范围并不局限于此，任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本发明揭露的技术范围内，根据本发明的技术方案及其发明构思加以等同替换或改变，都应涵盖在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种刀柄锁紧套，其特征在于：包括刀套、拉爪、弹性件以及销轴；
    所述刀套内设有刀柄容纳腔，所述刀柄容纳腔的一端设有用于刀柄插入或拔出的刀柄安装口，另一端设有用于安装拉爪的拉爪安装部；
    所述拉爪一端为刀柄卡接部，另一端为拉爪驱动部，所述刀柄卡接部上设有刀柄卡接面，所述拉爪通过所述销轴铰接在所述拉爪安装部上，且所述刀柄卡接部置于所述刀柄容纳腔内，所述拉爪驱动部置于所述刀柄容纳腔外；
    所述弹性件连接所述拉爪与所述拉爪安装部，刀柄从所述刀柄安装口插入所述刀柄容纳腔后，所述弹性件的回复力驱动所述拉爪绕所述销轴转动使得所述刀柄卡接部卡入所述刀柄的内径中实现所述刀柄卡接面与所述刀柄的内径卡接；
    当外力驱动所述拉爪驱动部使得所述拉爪绕所述销轴转动时，所述刀柄卡接部与所述刀柄的内径分离。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的刀柄锁紧套，其特征在于：所述刀套为一端开口端另一端为盲端的套筒结构，开口端的一端为刀柄安装口，盲端的一端为拉爪安装部，所述拉爪安装部上设有拉爪安装开口，所述拉爪置于所述拉爪安装开口中并与盲端铰接。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的刀柄锁紧套，其特征在于：所述刀柄卡接部与所述拉爪驱动部间夹角小于或等于90°，所述刀柄卡接部与所述拉爪驱动部夹角间设有拉爪连接部，所述拉爪连接部通过所述销轴与所述拉爪安装部铰接。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的刀柄锁紧套，其特征在于：所述刀柄卡接部上与所述拉爪连接部相对的一侧为拉爪限位部，所述拉爪限位部上设有限位开口，当所述拉爪置于所述拉爪安装开口中并安装在所述拉爪安装部上时，所述限位开口卡入所述刀套的盲端壁上。
  5. 根据权利要求1至4任意一项所述的刀柄锁紧套，其特征在于：所述拉爪驱动部的长度大于所述刀柄卡接部的长度。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的刀柄锁紧套，其特征在于：所述刀柄卡接部的端部还设有导向面。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的刀柄锁紧套，其特征在于：所述刀柄容纳腔内靠近所述拉爪安装部的一端还固定有刀柄定位键，刀柄从所述刀柄安装口插入所述刀柄容纳腔后，所述刀柄定位键插入所述刀柄的高键槽中。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的刀柄锁紧套，其特征在于：所述刀柄容纳腔内靠近所述拉爪安装部的一端还固定有圆柱销，所述圆柱销与所述刀柄定位键相对设置，刀柄从所述刀柄安装口插入所述刀柄容纳腔后，所述圆柱销置于所述刀柄的低键槽中并与所述低键槽的底面接触。
  9. 一种刀库，其特征在于：包括刀库盘、气缸驱动机构、拉爪驱动装置以及权利要求1至8中任意一项所述刀柄锁紧套，所述气缸驱动机构安装在所述刀库盘上，所述刀库盘上设有多个刀套安装孔，刀套安装在所述到套安装孔中，所述气缸驱动机构的端部固定有拉爪驱动装置，气缸驱动机构可驱动拉爪驱动装置运动至每个刀套安装孔处以驱动拉爪，所述拉爪驱动装置能够驱动拉爪转动。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的刀库，其特征在于：所述拉爪驱动装置包括气缸和设置在所述气缸输出轴上的压轮，所述压轮与是气缸输出轴铰接。
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