WO2023198121A1 - 正畸器具及正畸系统 - Google Patents

正畸器具及正畸系统 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023198121A1
WO2023198121A1 PCT/CN2023/087887 CN2023087887W WO2023198121A1 WO 2023198121 A1 WO2023198121 A1 WO 2023198121A1 CN 2023087887 W CN2023087887 W CN 2023087887W WO 2023198121 A1 WO2023198121 A1 WO 2023198121A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
orthodontic appliance
working wing
groove
orthodontic
top surface
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2023/087887
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
余健文
钟庭进
吉利
Original Assignee
广州智圆医疗器械有限公司
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Application filed by 广州智圆医疗器械有限公司 filed Critical 广州智圆医疗器械有限公司
Publication of WO2023198121A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023198121A1/zh

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61C—DENTISTRY; APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR ORAL OR DENTAL HYGIENE
    • A61C7/00—Orthodontics, i.e. obtaining or maintaining the desired position of teeth, e.g. by straightening, evening, regulating, separating, or by correcting malocclusions
    • A61C7/08—Mouthpiece-type retainers or positioners, e.g. for both the lower and upper arch
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61C—DENTISTRY; APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR ORAL OR DENTAL HYGIENE
    • A61C7/00—Orthodontics, i.e. obtaining or maintaining the desired position of teeth, e.g. by straightening, evening, regulating, separating, or by correcting malocclusions
    • A61C7/12—Brackets; Arch wires; Combinations thereof; Accessories therefor
    • A61C7/28—Securing arch wire to bracket
    • A61C7/34—Securing arch wire to bracket using lock pins

Definitions

  • the utility model relates to the technical field of dental correction, in particular to an orthodontic appliance and an orthodontic system.
  • Orthodontics is a specialized discipline in dentistry that mainly uses mechanical force to move unevenly positioned teeth into the correct position.
  • the benefits of orthodontics include improving and maintaining correct bite function, improving the patient's dental aesthetics, and improving oral hygiene.
  • the process of orthodontic treatment usually uses orthodontic appliances and archwires.
  • the orthodontic appliances are bonded to the tooth surface with glue, and the curved archwires are placed into the grooves of each orthodontic appliance to guide the teeth to move to the correct position.
  • Orthodontic appliances usually include brackets and buccal tubes. Most traditional orthodontic appliances adopt a square design structure with a raised working wing at each corner. The working wings are used for ligation wire ligation. However, due to the movement of the oral cavity, when the oral mucosa or tongue comes into contact with the square brackets, the pressure surges, causing pain.
  • An orthodontic appliance the orthodontic appliance includes a main body part and a cover body part, the main body part is provided with a groove, the groove separates the main body part into a first working wing and a second working wing, The cover part is movable relative to the second working wing to open or close the groove. When the cover part closes the groove, the cover part covers the second working wing.
  • the top surface of the working wing, the appearance of the first working wing The surface, the outer surface of the second working wing and the outer surface of the cover body jointly form the outer surface of the orthodontic appliance;
  • the Y-axis Define the direction from the tooth surface to the lip surface as the Y-axis, the Y-axis is perpendicular to the bottom surface of the groove, and the direction from the mesial to the distal direction is the X-axis.
  • the value range of a is 2.1 ⁇ a ⁇ 4.4, 2.2 ⁇ a ⁇ 4.3, 2.3 ⁇ a ⁇ 4.2, 2.4 ⁇ a ⁇ 4.1, 2.5 ⁇ a ⁇ 4, 2.6 ⁇ a ⁇ 3.9, 2.7 ⁇ a ⁇ 3.8, 2.8 ⁇ a ⁇ 3.7, 2.9 ⁇ a ⁇ 3.6, 3.0 ⁇ a ⁇ 3.5, 3.1 ⁇ a ⁇ 3.4, or 3.2 ⁇ a ⁇ 3.3.
  • the value range of k 1 is 0.2 ⁇ k 1 ⁇ 0.8, 0.3 ⁇ k 1 ⁇ 0.7, 0.4 ⁇ k 1 ⁇ 0.6, 0.65 ⁇ k 1 ⁇ 0.85, 0.7 ⁇ k 1 ⁇ 0.8 or 0.75 ⁇ k 1 ⁇ 0.8.
  • the outer surface of the orthodontic appliance is a sphere, an ellipsoid, a smoothly curved surface or a compound curved surface.
  • the outer surface of the orthodontic appliance includes a top surface and a plurality of side surfaces, wherein:
  • the top surface is a flat surface, and each of the side surfaces is a curved surface;
  • the top surface is a curved surface, and each of the side surfaces is a flat surface;
  • top surface and each of the side surfaces are flat, and the top surface and each of the side surfaces are transitionally connected by a curved surface;
  • the top surface is a flat surface, part of the side surfaces is a curved surface, and the remaining part of the side surfaces is a flat surface.
  • the cover part is rotatably or reversibly disposed on the second working wing.
  • the cover portion is slidably disposed on the second working wing.
  • the top surface of the second working wing is provided with a chute
  • the opposite side walls of the chute are provided with slide channels
  • the bottom surface of the cover body is provided with a chute opposite to the slide channel. Matching slide rails.
  • the top surface of the second working wing is provided with a boss, the opposite side walls of the boss are provided with slideways, and the bottom surface of the cover body is provided with a boss opposite to the slideway.
  • Matching chute is provided on the top surface of the second working wing.
  • An orthodontic system includes an archwire and a plurality of orthodontic appliances as described above, and the archwire is used to be accommodated in a groove of the orthodontic appliance.
  • the cover portion closes the groove
  • the cover portion forms a full coverage structure for the second working wing, so that the second working wing can
  • the top surface and the locking structure located on the second working wing are covered inside the cover body, and the outer surface of the cover body has no protrusions, which is not only difficult to retain food or plaque, but also does not irritate the oral mucosa or tongue. , improve comfort.
  • the pressure experienced by the orthodontic appliance increases with the contact area between the orthodontic appliance and the oral mucosa (i.e., the orthogonal projection area S of the outer surface of the orthodontic appliance in the Y-axis direction).
  • the specific manifestation is as follows: when the size of the orthographic projection area S of the outer surface of the orthodontic appliance in the Y-axis direction is larger, the contact area between the orthodontic appliance and the oral mucosa or tongue becomes larger.
  • Orthodontic appliances that meet the above conditions, combined with a full coverage structure, can further optimize the contact area between the orthodontic appliance and the oral mucosa or tongue, effectively reduce pressure and improve comfort.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic three-dimensional structural diagram of the orthodontic bracket in Embodiment 1;
  • Figure 2 is an exploded schematic diagram of Figure 1;
  • Figure 3 is a top view of Figure 1;
  • Figure 4 is a side view of Figure 1;
  • Figure 5 is a schematic three-dimensional structural diagram of the orthodontic bracket in Embodiment 2.
  • Figure 6 is an exploded schematic diagram of Figure 5;
  • Figure 7 is a top view of Figure 5;
  • Figure 8 is a side view of Figure 5.
  • Orthodontic bracket 110. Base plate; 120. Main body part; 130. Cover body part; 121. Groove; 1211. The bottom surface of the groove; 122, the first working wing; 123, the second working wing; 124, the top surface of the second working wing; 125, boss; 126, slide; 131, chute; 127, first working wing The outer surface of; 128. The outer surface of the second working wing; 132. The outer surface of the cover body; 129. Open position; 200. Orthodontic bracket; 210. Base plate; 220. Main body part; 230. Cover body part; 221. Groove; 2221.
  • the orthodontic appliance mentioned in this utility model refers to orthodontic brackets or buccal tubes, or other appliances with similar functions and similar structures.
  • the reference system of the maxillary teeth needs to be used to describe the embodiments of the present invention. Therefore, as used herein, the reference system for describing orthodontic appliances such as labial, lingual
  • the terms lateral, mesial, distal, occlusal, and gingival are relative to the selected frame of reference.
  • embodiments of the present invention are not limited to the reference frame chosen and the terminology described, as the orthodontic appliance may be used on other teeth in the oral cavity and in other orientations.
  • brackets or buccal tubes may also be coupled to the lingual surfaces of the teeth and fall within the scope of the invention.
  • descriptive terms used herein may not be directly applicable when there are changes in reference frames.
  • embodiments of the invention are intended to be independent of position and orientation within the oral cavity and the relevant terminology used to describe the embodiments is merely to provide a clear description of the embodiments in the drawings.
  • the relative terms labial, lingual, mesial, distal, occlusal and gingival in no way limit the invention to a particular location or orientation.
  • labial, lingual, mesial, distal, occlusal and gingival are industry terms for orthodontic treatment.
  • the surface of the tooth can be roughly divided into six faces.
  • the surface of the tooth that occupies the mandibular teeth is the occlusal surface;
  • the surface of the tooth that is connected to the attached gum tissue is the gingival surface;
  • the occlusal surface and the gingival surface are opposite, and the direction formed by the occlusal surface and the gingival surface is also called the gingival and jaw direction.
  • the surface of the tooth facing the lip is the labial side
  • the surface of the tooth facing the tongue is the lingual side, the labial side and the lingual side.
  • the direction formed by the labial side and the lingual side is also called the labiolingual direction.
  • the two surfaces of the tooth that are in contact with the adjacent teeth are the mesial surface and the distal surface. The difference lies in the distance from the middle part.
  • the direction formed by the two is also called the mesiodistal direction, or the mesiodistal direction.
  • the labial-lingual direction specifically refers to a single direction, that is, the direction from the labial side to the lingual side, as a distinction.
  • the orthodontic appliance of Embodiment 1 is an orthodontic bracket 100, which includes a bottom plate 110, a main body part 120, and a cover part 130.
  • the bottom plate 110 is provided on the bottom surface of the main body part 120, and the bottom plate 110 is bonded to the teeth through an adhesive. s surface.
  • the bottom plate 110 can also be omitted.
  • the main body 120 is provided with a groove 121.
  • the groove 121 runs through the main body 120 in the mesial and distal direction of the main body 120.
  • the groove 121 separates the main body 120 into a first working wing 122 and a second working wing 123.
  • the groove 121 121 is mainly used to accommodate arch wires.
  • the cover portion 130 is movable relative to the second working wing 123 to open or close the groove 121 .
  • the cover part 130 is slidable relative to the second working wing 123. When it is necessary to open the groove 121, the cover part 130 is slid in a direction away from the first working wing 122 until the cover part 130 is slidable. 130 does not cover the groove 121.
  • the groove 121 is in an open state and the archwire can be inserted.
  • the cover part 130 is slid in a direction close to the first working wing 122 until the cover part 130 covers the groove 121, at which time the groove 121 is in a closed state.
  • the top surface 124 of the second working wing is provided with a boss 125
  • the opposite side walls of the boss 125 are provided with slideways 126
  • the bottom surface of the cover body 130 is provided with a slideway matching the slideway 126.
  • slot 131 the boss 125 may be approximately inverted trapezoidal shape.
  • the boss 125 may also be substantially T-shaped.
  • an assembly hole (not shown) can also be opened on the boss, and an elastic spring can be provided in the assembly hole.
  • Locking structure (not shown), correspondingly, the bottom surface of the cover body is provided with a locking groove that cooperates with the elastic locking structure. When the cover body closes the groove, the elastic locking structure plays a locking role on the cover body to prevent the cover body from shaking.
  • the elastic locking structure can be an open column, a cylinder or a C-shaped column, etc.
  • the cover part 130 can also be rotatable or flippable relative to the second working wing 123, and can also achieve the purpose of the cover part 130 opening or closing the groove 121.
  • a rotating shaft is provided on the second working wing 123, and the cover portion 130 is rotatably provided on the top surface 124 of the second working wing through the rotating shaft.
  • a rotating shaft is provided on the second working wing 123, and the cover portion 130 is reversibly disposed on the top surface 124 of the second working wing through the rotating shaft.
  • the cover portion 130 When the cover portion 130 closes the groove 121, the cover portion 130 covers the top surface 124 of the second working wing.
  • the top surface 124 of the second working wing here is schematically illustrated using the perspective of FIG. 2 as an example.
  • the top surface 124 refers to the labial side of the orthodontic bracket 100 .
  • the top surface 124 refers to the lingual side of the orthodontic bracket 100 .
  • the cover part 130 covers the top surface 124 of the second working wing, which may mean that the width of the cover part 130 along the mesio-distal direction is slightly greater than, equal to, or slightly smaller than the width of the second working wing 123 along the mesio-distal direction.
  • the width in the middle direction ensures that the cover body 130 fully covers the top surface 124 of the second working wing.
  • the outer surface 127 of the first working wing, the outer surface 128 of the second working wing and the outer surface 132 of the cover part jointly form the outer surface of the orthodontic appliance.
  • the outer surface of the orthodontic appliance is spherical. Therefore, protruding wings that may irritate the oral mucosa or tongue can be avoided.
  • the outer surface of the orthodontic appliance may also be an ellipsoid or a compound curved surface.
  • an opening position 129 is also provided on the first working wing 122 .
  • the opening position 129 may be a groove opened on the first working wing 122, and the groove is generally semicircular.
  • the opening position may also be a substantially rectangular or square groove.
  • the open bit can also be turned on On the cover body.
  • the Y-axis is perpendicular to the bottom surface 1211 of the groove
  • the direction from the mesial to the distal direction is the X-axis
  • the orthographic projection of the outer surface of the orthodontic appliance in the Y-axis direction The area is S square millimeters
  • the maximum width of the outer surface of the orthodontic appliance in the X-axis direction is a millimeter
  • the cover portion 130 closes the groove 121, by disposing the cover portion 130 on the top surface 124 of the second working wing, the cover portion 130 forms a full coverage structure for the second working wing 123.
  • the top surface 124 of the second working wing and the locking structure located on the second working wing 123 are both covered inside the cover body 130, and the outer surface 132 of the cover body has no protrusions, which not only makes it difficult for food or bacteria to remain It eliminates spots and does not irritate the oral mucosa or tongue, improving comfort.
  • the pressure experienced by the orthodontic appliance increases with the contact area between the orthodontic appliance and the oral mucosa (i.e., the orthogonal projection area S of the outer surface of the orthodontic appliance in the Y-axis direction).
  • the specific manifestation is as follows: when the size of the orthographic projection area S of the outer surface of the orthodontic appliance in the Y-axis direction is larger, the contact area between the orthodontic appliance and the oral mucosa or tongue becomes larger.
  • Orthodontic appliances that meet the above conditions, combined with a full coverage structure, can further optimize the contact area between the orthodontic appliance and the oral mucosa or tongue, effectively reduce pressure and improve comfort.
  • the value range of a is 2.1 ⁇ a ⁇ 4.4, 2.2 ⁇ a ⁇ 4.3, 2.3 ⁇ a ⁇ 4.2, 2.4 ⁇ a ⁇ 4.1, 2.5 ⁇ a ⁇ 4, 2.6 ⁇ a ⁇ 3.9, 2.7 ⁇ a ⁇ 3.8, 2.8 ⁇ a ⁇ 3.7, 2.9 ⁇ a ⁇ 3.6, 3.0 ⁇ a ⁇ 3.5, 3.1 ⁇ a ⁇ 3.4, or 3.2 ⁇ a ⁇ 3.3.
  • the value range of k 1 is 0.2 ⁇ k 1 ⁇ 0.8, 0.3 ⁇ k 1 ⁇ 0.7, 0.4 ⁇ k 1 ⁇ 0.6, 0.65 ⁇ k 1 ⁇ 0.85, 0.7 ⁇ k 1 ⁇ 0.8 or 0.75 ⁇ k 1 ⁇ 0.8.
  • the orthogonal projected area S of the outer surface of the orthodontic appliance in the Y-axis direction may be circular.
  • the projection shape of the orthographic projection area S of the outer surface of the orthodontic appliance in the Y-axis direction can also be a rectangle, a semicircle, etc., or other irregular shapes, but no matter what the projection is, For any shape, the projected area can be calculated based on its equivalent circle.
  • the orthogonal projection area S of the outer surface of the orthodontic appliance in the Y-axis direction only specifies the projection area and does not limit the projection shape.
  • the first set of test objects were the brackets 100 of this embodiment 1 with 6 different widths a; the second set of test objects were the prior art cover body embedded in the second
  • the brackets that are on the working wing and do not fully cover the structure have a raised working wing at each of the four corners.
  • the 6 different widths a selected are the same as the 6 widths a of the first group of test subjects, but the S is different, resulting in
  • the pressures endured by the first group of test subjects and the second group of test subjects are different, which translates into clinical manifestations, that is, different foreign body sensations; under the interference of simulated food, the base number of brackets is 1,000, and different parameter values,
  • the probabilities of bracket detachment vary.
  • the orthographic projection area S of the surface in the Y-axis direction, the pressure borne by the brackets of the first group of test objects (this embodiment) is less than the pressure borne by the brackets of the second group of test objects, and the pressure borne by the brackets of the first group of test objects (this embodiment)
  • the bracket detachment rate of the brackets of the second group of test subjects was also lower than that of the second group of test subjects.
  • the orthodontic appliance of Embodiment 2 is an orthodontic bracket 200, which includes a bottom plate 210, a main body part 220, and a cover part 230.
  • the bottom plate 210 is provided on the bottom surface of the main body part 220, and the bottom plate 210 is bonded to the teeth through an adhesive. s surface.
  • the bottom plate 210 can also be omitted.
  • the main body 220 is provided with a groove 221.
  • the groove 221 runs through the main body 220 in the mesial and distal direction of the main body 220.
  • the groove 221 separates the main body 220 into a first working wing 222 and a second working wing 223.
  • the groove 221 221 is mainly used to accommodate arch wires.
  • the cover portion 230 is movable relative to the second working wing 223 to open or close the groove 221 .
  • the cover part 230 is slidable relative to the second working wing 223. When it is necessary to open the groove 221, the cover part 230 is slid in a direction away from the first working wing 222 until the cover part 230 is slidable.
  • the groove 221 is in an open state and the archwire can be inserted.
  • the cover part 230 is slid in a direction close to the first working wing 222 until the cover part 230 covers the groove 221.
  • the groove 221 is in a closed state.
  • the top surface 224 of the second working wing is provided with a chute 225, and the opposite side walls of the chute 225 are provided with slideways 226.
  • the second working wing 223 located on both sides of the slideway 226 is partially formed
  • the bottom surface of the guide bar 227 and the cover body 230 is in direct contact with the top surface of the guide bar 227 (that is, the top surface 224 of the second working wing).
  • the bottom surface of the cover part 230 is provided with a slide rail 231 that matches the slide track 226 .
  • an assembly hole (not shown) can also be opened on the chute, and an elastic locking structure (not shown) can be provided in the assembly hole.
  • the bottom surface of the cover body is provided with an elastic locking structure that cooperates with the elastic locking structure. Locking groove. When the cover body closes the groove, the elastic locking structure plays a locking role on the cover body to prevent the cover body from shaking.
  • the elastic locking structure can be an open column, a cylinder or a C-shaped column, etc.
  • the cover part 230 can also be rotatable or flippable relative to the second working wing 223, and can also achieve the purpose of the cover part 230 opening or closing the groove 221.
  • a rotating shaft is provided on the second working wing 223, and the cover portion 230 is rotatably provided on the top surface 224 of the second working wing through the rotating shaft.
  • a rotating shaft is provided on the second working wing 223, and the cover portion 230 is reversibly disposed on the top surface 224 of the second working wing through the rotating shaft.
  • the cover portion 230 When the cover portion 230 closes the groove 221, the cover portion 230 covers the top surface 224 of the second working wing. It should be pointed out that the top surface 224 of the second working wing here is illustrated using the perspective of Figure 6 as an example. illustrate.
  • the top surface 224 refers to the labial side of the orthodontic bracket 200 .
  • the top surface 224 refers to the lingual side of the orthodontic bracket 200 .
  • the cover part 230 covers the top surface 224 of the second working wing, which may mean that the width of the cover part 230 along the mesio-distal direction is slightly greater than, equal to, or slightly smaller than the width of the second working wing 223 along the mesio-distal direction.
  • the width in the middle direction ensures that the cover body 230 fully covers the top surface 224 of the second working wing.
  • the outer surface 228 of the first working wing, the outer surface 229 of the second working wing and the outer surface 232 of the cover part jointly form the outer surface of the orthodontic appliance.
  • the outer surface of the orthodontic appliance includes a top surface and multiple side surfaces.
  • the top surface is a flat surface
  • part of the side surfaces are curved surfaces
  • the remaining part of the side surfaces are flat surfaces.
  • the outer surface 228 of the first working wing is a curved surface
  • the side surface of the second working wing 223 is a flat surface.
  • the outer surface of the orthodontic appliance includes a top surface and a plurality of side surfaces, the top surface is a flat surface, and each side surface is a curved surface.
  • the top surface can be curved and each side surface can be flat.
  • the top surface and each side surface are flat, and the top surface and each side surface are connected by a curved surface transition.
  • the top surface of the orthodontic appliance may include the top surface of the first working wing 222 and the top surface of the cover body 230 .
  • the top surface of the orthodontic appliance may only include the top surface of the cover part 230 .
  • the side surfaces of the orthodontic appliance may include the side surfaces of the first working wing 222 , the side surface of the cover body 230 and the side surfaces of the second working wing 223 .
  • the side surfaces of the orthodontic appliance may also include the side surfaces of the first working wing 222 and the side surfaces of the second working wing 223 .
  • an opening position 202 is also provided on the first working wing 222 .
  • the opening position 202 may be a groove opened on the first working wing 222, and the groove is generally semicircular.
  • the opening position may also be a substantially rectangular or square groove.
  • the opening position can also be opened on the cover body.
  • the Y-axis is perpendicular to the bottom surface 2211 of the groove
  • the direction from the mesial to the distal direction is the X-axis
  • the orthographic projection of the outer surface of the orthodontic appliance in the Y-axis direction The area is S square millimeters
  • the maximum width of the outer surface of the orthodontic appliance in the X-axis direction is a millimeter
  • the cover portion 230 closes the groove 221
  • the cover portion 230 forms a full coverage structure for the second working wing 223.
  • the top surface 224 of the second working wing and the locking structure located on the second working wing 223 are both covered inside the cover body 230, and the outer surface 232 of the cover body has no protrusions, which makes it difficult for food or bacteria to remain. It eliminates spots and does not irritate the oral mucosa or tongue, improving comfort.
  • the pressure experienced by the orthodontic appliance increases with the contact area between the orthodontic appliance and the oral mucosa (i.e., the orthogonal projection area S of the outer surface of the orthodontic appliance in the Y-axis direction).
  • the specific manifestation is as follows: when the size of the orthographic projection area S of the outer surface of the orthodontic appliance in the Y-axis direction is larger, the contact area between the orthodontic appliance and the oral mucosa or tongue becomes larger.
  • Orthodontic appliances that meet the above conditions, combined with a full coverage structure, can further optimize the contact area between the orthodontic appliance and the oral mucosa or tongue, effectively reduce pressure and improve comfort.
  • the value range of a is 2.1 ⁇ a ⁇ 4.4, 2.2 ⁇ a ⁇ 4.3, 2.3 ⁇ a ⁇ 4.2, 2.4 ⁇ a ⁇ 4.1, 2.5 ⁇ a ⁇ 4, 2.6 ⁇ a ⁇ 3.9, 2.7 ⁇ a ⁇ 3.8, 2.8 ⁇ a ⁇ 3.7, 2.9 ⁇ a ⁇ 3.6, 3.0 ⁇ a ⁇ 3.5, 3.1 ⁇ a ⁇ 3.4, or 3.2 ⁇ a ⁇ 3.3.
  • the value range of k 1 is 0.2 ⁇ k 1 ⁇ 0.8, 0.3 ⁇ k 1 ⁇ 0.7, 0.4 ⁇ k 1 ⁇ 0.6, 0.65 ⁇ k 1 ⁇ 0.85, 0.7 ⁇ k 1 ⁇ 0.8 or 0.75 ⁇ k 1 ⁇ 0.8.
  • the projection shape of the orthogonal projected area S of the outer surface of the orthodontic appliance in the Y-axis direction is a rectangle with rounded corners.
  • the orthogonal projection area S of the outer surface of the orthodontic appliance in the Y-axis direction can also be a semicircle, etc., or other irregular shapes, but no matter what shape the projection is, it can be Calculate the projected area according to its equivalent circle.
  • the orthogonal projection area S of the outer surface of the orthodontic appliance in the Y-axis direction only specifies the projection area and does not limit the projection shape.
  • the first set of test objects were the brackets 200 of this embodiment 2 with 8 different widths a; the second set of test objects were the prior art cover body embedded in the second
  • the 8 different widths a selected are the same as the 8 widths a of the first group of test subjects, but S is different, resulting in the first group of test subjects and the second group of test subjects bearing
  • the different pressures translate into clinical manifestations, that is, different foreign body sensations; under the interference of simulated food, the brackets with a base number of 1,000 and different parameter values have different performance in the probability of brackets falling off.
  • the orthographic projection area S of the surface in the Y-axis direction, the pressure borne by the brackets of the first group of test objects (this embodiment) is less than the pressure borne by the brackets of the second group of test objects, and the pressure borne by the brackets of the first group of test objects (this embodiment)
  • the bracket detachment rate of the brackets of the second group of test subjects was also lower than that of the second group of test subjects.
  • the present application also provides an orthodontic system, including an archwire and a plurality of orthodontic appliances as in any of the above embodiments, and the archwire is accommodated in a groove of the orthodontic appliance.
  • first and second are used for descriptive purposes only and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the quantity of indicated technical features. Therefore, features defined as “first” and “second” may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of these features.
  • “plurality” means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise clearly and specifically limited.
  • connection In this utility model, unless otherwise expressly stipulated and limited, the terms “installation”, “connection”, “connection”, “fixing” and other terms should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection or a detachable connection. Connection, or integration; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; it can be an internal connection between two elements or an interaction between two elements, unless otherwise Clear limits.
  • connection or integration
  • connection can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection
  • it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium
  • it can be an internal connection between two elements or an interaction between two elements, unless otherwise Clear limits.
  • specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.
  • the first feature "on” or “below” the second feature may be that the first and second features are in direct contact, or the first and second features are in direct contact through an intermediate medium. between Contact contact.
  • the terms “above”, “above” and “above” the first feature is above the second feature may mean that the first feature is directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature.
  • "Below”, “below” and “beneath” the first feature to the second feature may mean that the first feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply means that the first feature has a smaller horizontal height than the second feature.

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  • Dental Tools And Instruments Or Auxiliary Dental Instruments (AREA)

Abstract

一种正畸器具及正畸系统，正畸器具包括主体部(120)和盖体部(130)，主体部(120)上设有槽沟(121)，槽沟(121)将主体部(120)分隔成第一工作翼(122)和第二工作翼(123)，盖体部(130)相对于第二工作翼(123)可运动以打开或关闭槽沟(121)，在盖体部(130)关闭槽沟(121)的情况下，盖体部(130)覆盖在第二工作翼(123)的顶面，第一工作翼(122)的外表面、第二工作翼(123)的外表面与盖体部(130)的外表面共同形成正畸器具的外表面，满足一定参数公式条件的正畸器具，结合全覆盖结构，可以更加优化正畸器具与口腔粘膜或舌头的接触面积，有效降低压强，提高舒适度。

Description

正畸器具及正畸系统 技术领域
本实用新型涉及牙齿矫正技术领域，特别是涉及一种正畸器具及正畸系统。
背景技术
牙齿矫正技术是牙科的一个专门学科，主要通过施加机械力来使定位不整齐的牙齿移动到正确的位置。牙齿矫正的好处包括改善和维持正确的咬合功能、提高患者的牙齿美观度和改善口腔的卫生情况等。
牙齿矫正的过程通常是采用正畸器具和弓丝，正畸器具通过胶水粘接在牙齿表面，弯曲的弓丝放入每个正畸器具的槽沟内，引导牙齿运动到正确的位置。
正畸器具通常包括托槽和颊面管，传统的正畸器具，大部分会采用方形设计结构，每个角都带有一个凸起的工作翼，工作翼用来供结扎丝结扎用。然而，由于口腔的运动，导致口腔粘膜或舌头与方形托槽接触时，压强激增，引起疼痛。
实用新型内容
基于此，有必要针对上述技术问题，提供一种优化正畸器具与口腔粘膜的接触面积，有效降低压强，提高舒适度的正畸器具及正畸系统。
一种正畸器具，所述正畸器具包括主体部和盖体部，所述主体部上设有槽沟，所述槽沟将所述主体部分隔成第一工作翼和第二工作翼，所述盖体部相对于所述第二工作翼可运动以打开或关闭所述槽沟，在所述盖体部关闭所述槽沟的情况下，所述盖体部覆盖在所述第二工作翼的顶面，所述第一工作翼的外表 面、所述第二工作翼的外表面与所述盖体部的外表面共同形成正畸器具的外表面；
定义从齿面指向唇面的方向为Y轴，Y轴垂直于槽沟的底面，从近中指向远中方向为X轴，所述正畸器具的外表面在Y轴方向上的正投影面积为S平方毫米，所述正畸器具的外表面在X轴方向的最大宽度为a毫米，上述参数值满足如下函数关系：
S＝(-0.8a3+4.5a2-0.2a)*k1；
其中，2.0≤a≤4.5，0.2≤k1≤0.9，所述k1为修正系数。
在其中一个实施例中，a的取值范围为2.1≤a≤4.4、2.2≤a≤4.3、2.3≤a≤4.2、2.4≤a≤4.1、2.5≤a≤4、2.6≤a≤3.9、2.7≤a≤3.8、2.8≤a≤3.7、2.9≤a≤3.6、3.0≤a≤3.5、3.1≤a≤3.4、或3.2≤a≤3.3。
在其中一个实施例中，k1的取值范围为0.2≤k1≤0.8、0.3≤k1≤0.7、0.4≤k1≤0.6、0.65≤k1≤0.85、0.7≤k1≤0.8或0.75≤k1≤0.8。
在其中一个实施例中，所述正畸器具的外表面为球面、椭球面、圆滑曲面或复合曲面。
在其中一个实施例中，所述正畸器具的外表面包括顶面和多个侧面，其中：
所述顶面为平面，每一所述侧面为曲面；或者
所述顶面为曲面，每一所述侧面为平面；或者
所述顶面和每一所述侧面为平面，所述顶面与每一所述侧面之间通过曲面过渡连接；或者
所述顶面为平面，其中一部分所述侧面为曲面，剩下部分所述侧面为平面。
在其中一个实施例中，所述盖体部可转动地或可翻转地设置于所述第二工作翼上。
在其中一个实施例中，所述盖体部可滑动地设置于所述第二工作翼上。
在其中一个实施例中，所述第二工作翼的顶面设有滑槽，所述滑槽的相对两侧壁设有滑道，所述盖体部的底面设有与所述滑道相配合的滑轨。
在其中一个实施例中，所述第二工作翼的顶面设有凸台，所述凸台的相对两侧壁设有滑道，所述盖体部的底面设有与所述滑道相配合的滑槽。
一种正畸系统，包括弓丝和多个如上所述的正畸器具，所述弓丝用于容置在所述正畸器具的槽沟内。
基于上述正畸器具，其至少具有以下优点：
一方面，在盖体部关闭槽沟的情况下，通过将盖体部设置于第二工作翼的顶面，因此盖体部形成对第二工作翼的全覆盖结构，使得第二工作翼的顶面和位于第二工作翼上的锁止结构都包覆在盖体部的内部，而盖体部的外表面无凸起，不仅不易残留食物或菌斑，而且不会刺激口腔粘膜或舌头，提高舒适度。
另一方面，根据口腔粘膜的固有特性，正畸器具所承受的压强随着正畸器具与口腔粘膜的接触面积(即，正畸器具的外表面在Y轴方向上的正投影面积S)的变化而有不同的变化趋势，具体表现为：当正畸器具的外表面在Y轴方向上的正投影面积S的尺寸越大时，正畸器具与口腔粘膜或舌头的接触面积越大，正畸器具所承受的压强越小；当正畸器具的外表面在Y轴方向上的正投影面积S的尺寸增大到一定程度后，正畸器具所承受的压强又会随着接触面积的增大而增大，原因在于肌肉的拉伸量和体感压力值为非线性曲线。因此，本申请中，2.0≤a≤4.5，0.2≤k1≤0.9，上述参数值满足如下函数关系：
S＝(-0.8a3+4.5a2-0.2a)*k1；
满足上述条件的正畸器具，结合全覆盖结构，可以更加优化正畸器具与口腔粘膜或舌头的接触面积，有效降低压强，提高舒适度。
附图说明
构成本申请的一部分的附图用来提供对本实用新型的进一步理解，本实用新型的示意性实施例及其说明用于解释本实用新型，并不构成对本实用新型的不当限定。
为了更清楚地说明本实用新型实施例中的技术方案，下面将对实施例描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本实用新型的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1为实施例1中的正畸托槽的立体结构示意图；
图2为图1的分解示意图；
图3为图1的俯视图；
图4为图1的侧视图；
图5为实施例2中的正畸托槽的立体结构示意图；
图6为图5的分解示意图；
图7为图5的俯视图；
图8为图5的侧视图。
附图标记说明：
100、正畸托槽；110、底板；120、主体部；130、盖体部；121、槽沟；1211、
槽沟的底面；122、第一工作翼；123、第二工作翼；124、第二工作翼的顶面；125、凸台；126、滑道；131、滑槽；127、第一工作翼的外表面；128、第二工作翼的外表面；132、盖体部的外表面；129、开启位；
200、正畸托槽；210、底板；220、主体部；230、盖体部；221、槽沟；2221、
槽沟的底面；222、第一工作翼；223、第二工作翼；224、第二工作翼的顶面；225、滑槽；226、滑道；227、导条；231、滑轨；228、第一工作翼的外表面；229、第二工作翼的外表面；232、盖体部的外表面；202、开启位。
具体实施方式
需要说明的是，本实用新型提到的正畸器具指的是正畸托槽或颊面管，或其他具有相似功能及相似结构的矫治器。
除非另有说明，在下面的结构描述中，需要使用到上颌牙齿的参考系来描述本实用新型的实施例，因此，如在此所使用的，用于描述正畸器具的诸如唇侧、舌侧、近中、远中、咬合、齿龈的术语是相对于所选的参考系。然而，本实用新型的实施例并不限于所选的参考系以及描述的术语，因为正畸器具可用于口腔内的其他牙齿以及其他方向上。
例如，托槽或颊面管也可耦合到牙齿的舌侧表面并落入本实用新型的范围内。本领域技术人员将意识到，当参考系中存在变化时，可能不能直接应用在此使用的描述性术语。然而，本实用新型的实施例意欲独立于口腔内的位置和方向并且用于描述实施例的相关术语仅仅是对附图中的实施例提供明确的说明。同样地，相关术语唇侧、舌侧、近中、远中、咬合及齿龈绝不会将本实用新型限制在特定的位置或方向。
相关术语唇侧、舌侧、近中、远中、咬合及齿龈为正畸治疗的行业术语。以上颌的某颗牙齿为例，牙齿的表面可以大致分为六个面。与下颌牙齿咬合的该牙齿的面，为咬合面；与其附属的牙龈组织连接的该牙齿的面为齿龈面；咬合面和齿龈面相对，咬合面与齿龈面形成的方向也叫做龈颌方向。朝向唇部的该牙齿的面，为唇侧面，朝向舌部的该牙齿的面，为舌侧面，唇侧面和舌侧面 相对，唇侧面和舌侧面形成的方向也叫做唇舌方向。与相邻牙齿接触的该牙齿的两个面，分别为近中面和远中面，其区别在于与中部的距离远近，两者形成的方向也叫做近远中方向，或近中远方向。
且在方向的描述上，如唇舌方向，普遍指双向。而如唇-舌方向，特定指单个方向，即为从唇侧面向舌侧面的方向，以此作为区别。
实施例1
请参阅图1至图4，为实施例1中的正畸器具。具体地，实施例1的正畸器具为正畸托槽100，包括底板110、主体部120和盖体部130，底板110设置于主体部120的底面，底板110通过粘接剂粘接在牙齿的表面。当然，在其他的实施方式中，还可以省略底板110。
主体部120上设有槽沟121，槽沟121沿主体部120的近远中方向贯穿主体部120，槽沟121将主体部120分隔成第一工作翼122和第二工作翼123，槽沟121主要用于容纳弓丝。盖体部130相对于第二工作翼123可运动以打开或关闭槽沟121。例如，在本实施例中，盖体部130相对于第二工作翼123可滑动，当需要打开槽沟121时，使盖体部130沿远离第一工作翼122的方向滑动，直到盖体部130不覆盖槽沟121，此时槽沟121处于打开状态，可放入弓丝。当需要关闭槽沟121时，使盖体部130沿靠近第一工作翼122的方向滑动，直到盖体部130覆盖槽沟121，此时槽沟121处于关闭状态。
在本实施例中，第二工作翼的顶面124设有凸台125，凸台125的相对两侧壁设有滑道126，盖体部130的底面设有与滑道126相配合的滑槽131。例如，在本实施例中，凸台125可以大致为倒梯形。当然，在其他的实施例中，凸台125也可以大致为T形。
进一步地，还可以在凸台上开设装配孔(图未示)，在装配孔内设置弹性 锁止结构(图未示)，对应的，盖体部的底面设置有与弹性锁止结构配合的锁止槽。当盖体部关闭槽沟时，弹性锁止结构对盖体部起到锁止作用，防止盖体部晃动。例如，弹性锁止结构可以为开口柱，圆柱或C形柱等等。
当然，在其他的实施方式中，盖体部130还可以相对于第二工作翼123可转动或可翻转，也能够实现盖体部130打开或关闭槽沟121的目的。例如，在第二工作翼123上设置转轴，盖体部130通过转轴可转动地设置于第二工作翼的顶面124。或者，在第二工作翼123上设置转轴，盖体部130通过转轴可翻转地设置于第二工作翼的顶面124。
在盖体部130关闭槽沟121的情况下，盖体部130覆盖在第二工作翼的顶面124。需要指出的是，这里的第二工作翼的顶面124是以图2的视角为例示意说明。当正畸托槽100粘接至上牙的唇侧面时，该顶面124指的是正畸托槽100的唇侧面。当正畸托槽100粘接至上牙的舌侧面时，该顶面124指的是正畸托槽100的舌侧面。
另外，需要说明的是，盖体部130覆盖在第二工作翼的顶面124，可以指盖体部130沿近远中方向的宽度略大于或者等于或者略小于第二工作翼123沿近远中方向的宽度，保证盖体部130全覆盖住第二工作翼的顶面124。
第一工作翼的外表面127、所述第二工作翼的外表面128与所述盖体部的外表面132共同形成正畸器具的外表面。在本实施例中，正畸器具的外表面为球面，因此，可以避免出现突出的翼而刺激口腔粘膜或舌头。当然，在其他的实施方式中，正畸器具的外表面还可以为椭球面或复合曲面等。
进一步地，第一工作翼122上还开设有开启位129。具体地，开启位129可以是开设在第一工作翼122上的凹槽，凹槽大致呈半圆形。当然，在其他的实施方式中，开启位还可以是大致为矩形或方形的凹槽。或者，开启位还可以开 在盖体部上。
定义从齿面指向唇面的方向为Y轴，Y轴垂直于槽沟的底面1211，从近中指向远中方向为X轴，所述正畸器具的外表面在Y轴方向上的正投影面积为S平方毫米，所述正畸器具的外表面在X轴方向的最大宽度为a毫米，上述参数值满足如下函数关系：
S＝(-0.8a3+4.5a2-0.2a)*k1；
其中，2.0≤a≤4.5，0.2≤k1≤0.9，所述k1为修正系数。
一方面，在盖体部130关闭槽沟121的情况下，通过将盖体部130设置于第二工作翼的顶面124，因此盖体部130形成对第二工作翼123的全覆盖结构，使得第二工作翼的顶面124和位于第二工作翼123上的锁止结构都包覆在盖体部130的内部，而盖体部的外表面132无凸起，不仅不易残留食物或菌斑，而且不会刺激口腔粘膜或舌头，提高舒适度。
另一方面，根据口腔粘膜的固有特性，正畸器具所承受的压强随着正畸器具与口腔粘膜的接触面积(即，正畸器具的外表面在Y轴方向上的正投影面积S)的变化而有不同的变化趋势，具体表现为：当正畸器具的外表面在Y轴方向上的正投影面积S的尺寸越大时，正畸器具与口腔粘膜或舌头的接触面积越大，正畸器具所承受的压强越小；当正畸器具的外表面在Y轴方向上的正投影面积S的尺寸增大到一定程度后，正畸器具所承受的压强又会随着接触面积的增大而增大，原因在于肌肉的拉伸量和体感压力值为非线性曲线，因此，本申请中，2.0≤a≤4.5，0.2≤k1≤0.9，上述参数值满足如下函数关系：
S＝(-0.8a3+4.5a2-0.2a)*k1；
满足上述条件的正畸器具，结合全覆盖结构，可以更加优化正畸器具与口腔粘膜或舌头的接触面积，有效降低压强，提高舒适度。
更具体地，a的取值范围为2.1≤a≤4.4、2.2≤a≤4.3、2.3≤a≤4.2、2.4≤a≤4.1、2.5≤a≤4、2.6≤a≤3.9、2.7≤a≤3.8、2.8≤a≤3.7、2.9≤a≤3.6、3.0≤a≤3.5、3.1≤a≤3.4、或3.2≤a≤3.3。k1的取值范围为0.2≤k1≤0.8、0.3≤k1≤0.7、0.4≤k1≤0.6、0.65≤k1≤0.85、0.7≤k1≤0.8或0.75≤k1≤0.8。
在实施例1中，正畸器具的外表面在Y轴方向上的正投影面积S可以是圆形。当然，在其他的实施例中，正畸器具的外表面在Y轴方向上的正投影面积S的投影形状还可以是矩形、半圆形等，也可以是其他不规则形状，但无论投影为何种形状，都可以按照与其等效的圆形来计算投影面积。正畸器具的外表面在Y轴方向上的正投影面积S只规定了投影面积，而不限定投影形状。
为了验证本实施例，进行两组测试，第一组测试对象为6种不同宽度a的本实施例1的托槽100；第二组测试对象为现有技术中盖体部嵌设于第二工作翼上且未全覆盖结构的托槽，四个角落分别带有一个凸起的工作翼，其选择6种不同宽度a与第一组测试对象的6种宽度a相同，但S不同，导致第一组测试对象和第二组测试对象所承受的压强不一样，转化为临床表现，即为异物感不一样；在模拟食物的干扰下，基数为1000颗的托槽，不同的参数值，其托槽的脱落概率有不同表现。
表1
表2
从上述表1和表2的两组测试的结果可以看出，在托槽的外表面在X轴方向的最大宽度a相同的情况下，第一组测试对象(本实施例1)的托槽的外表面在Y轴方向的正投影面积S大于第二组测试对象(现有技术中盖体部嵌设于第二工作翼且盖体部未全覆盖第二工作翼)的托槽的外表面在Y轴方向的正投影面积S，第一组测试对象(本实施例)的托槽所承受的压强小于第二组测试对象的托槽所承受的压强，第一组测试对象(本实施例)的托槽的脱落率也小于第二组测试对象的托槽的脱落率。
实施例2
请参阅图5至图8，为实施例2中的正畸器具。具体地，实施例2的正畸器具为正畸托槽200，包括底板210、主体部220和盖体部230，底板210设置于主体部220的底面，底板210通过粘接剂粘接在牙齿的表面。当然，在其他的实施方式中，还可以省略底板210。
主体部220上设有槽沟221，槽沟221沿主体部220的近远中方向贯穿主体部220，槽沟221将主体部220分隔成第一工作翼222和第二工作翼223，槽沟221主要用于容纳弓丝。盖体部230相对于第二工作翼223可运动以打开或关闭槽沟221。例如，在本实施例中，盖体部230相对于第二工作翼223可滑动，当需要打开槽沟221时，使盖体部230沿远离第一工作翼222的方向滑动，直到盖体部230不覆盖槽沟221，此时槽沟221处于打开状态，可放入弓丝。当需要关闭槽沟221时，使盖体部230沿靠近第一工作翼222的方向滑动，直到盖体部230覆盖槽沟221，此时槽沟221处于关闭状态。
在本实施例中，第二工作翼的顶面224设有滑槽225，所述滑槽225的相对两侧壁设有滑道226，位于滑道226两侧的第二工作翼223部分形成导条227，盖体部230的底面与导条227的顶面(也就是第二工作翼的顶面224)直接接触。所述盖体部230的底面设有与所述滑道226相配合的滑轨231。
进一步地，还可以在滑槽上开设装配孔(图未示)，在装配孔内设置弹性锁止结构(图未示)，对应的，盖体部的底面设置有与弹性锁止结构配合的锁止槽。当盖体部关闭槽沟时，弹性锁止结构对盖体部起到锁止作用，防止盖体部晃动。例如，弹性锁止结构可以为开口柱，圆柱或C形柱等等。
当然，在其他的实施方式中，盖体部230还可以相对于第二工作翼223可转动或可翻转，也能够实现盖体部230打开或关闭槽沟221的目的。例如，在第二工作翼223上设置转轴，盖体部230通过转轴可转动地设置于第二工作翼的顶面224。或者，在第二工作翼223上设置转轴，盖体部230通过转轴可翻转地设置于第二工作翼的顶面224。
在盖体部230关闭槽沟221的情况下，盖体部230覆盖在第二工作翼的顶面224。需要指出的是，这里的第二工作翼的顶面224是以图6的视角为例示意 说明。当正畸托槽200粘接至上牙的唇侧面时，该顶面224指的是正畸托槽200的唇侧面。当正畸托槽200粘接至上牙的舌侧面时，该顶面224指的是正畸托槽200的舌侧面。
另外，需要说明的是，盖体部230覆盖在第二工作翼的顶面224，可以指盖体部230沿近远中方向的宽度略大于或者等于或者略小于第二工作翼223沿近远中方向的宽度，保证盖体部230全覆盖住第二工作翼的顶面224。
第一工作翼的外表面228、所述第二工作翼的外表面229与所述盖体部的外表面232共同形成正畸器具的外表面。在本实施例中，正畸器具的外表面包括顶面和多个侧面，顶面为平面，其中一部分侧面为曲面，剩下部分侧面为平面，侧面与顶面之间通过圆滑曲面过渡。具体地，第一工作翼的外表面228为曲面，第二工作翼223的侧面为平面。当然，在其他的实施方式中，正畸器具的外表面包括顶面和多个侧面，顶面为平面，每一侧面为曲面。或者，顶面为曲面，每一侧面为平面。或者顶面和每一侧面为平面，顶面与每一侧面之间通过曲面过渡连接。
需要解释的是，正畸器具的顶面，可以包括第一工作翼222的顶面和盖体部230的顶面。或者，正畸器具的顶面，也可以仅包括盖体部230的顶面。正畸器具的侧面，可以包括第一工作翼222的侧面、盖体部230的侧面和第二工作翼223的侧面。或者，正畸器具的侧面，也可以包括第一工作翼222的侧面和第二工作翼223的侧面。
进一步地，第一工作翼222上还开设有开启位202。具体地，开启位202可以是开设在第一工作翼222上的凹槽，凹槽大致呈半圆形。当然，在其他的实施方式中，开启位还可以是大致为矩形或方形的凹槽。或者，开启位还可以开在盖体部上。
定义从齿面指向唇面的方向为Y轴，Y轴垂直于槽沟的底面2211，从近中指向远中方向为X轴，所述正畸器具的外表面在Y轴方向上的正投影面积为S平方毫米，所述正畸器具的外表面在X轴方向的最大宽度为a毫米，上述参数值满足如下函数关系：
S＝(-0.8a3+4.5a2-0.2a)*k1；
其中，2.0≤a≤4.5，0.2≤k1≤0.9，所述k1为修正系数。
一方面，在盖体部230关闭槽沟221的情况下，通过将盖体部230设置于第二工作翼的顶面224，因此盖体部230形成对第二工作翼223的全覆盖结构，使得第二工作翼的顶面224和位于第二工作翼223上的锁止结构都包覆在盖体部230的内部，而盖体部的外表面232无凸起，不仅不易残留食物或菌斑，而且不会刺激口腔粘膜或舌头，提高舒适度。
另一方面，根据口腔粘膜的固有特性，正畸器具所承受的压强随着正畸器具与口腔粘膜的接触面积(即，正畸器具的外表面在Y轴方向上的正投影面积S)的变化而有不同的变化趋势，具体表现为：当正畸器具的外表面在Y轴方向上的正投影面积S的尺寸越大时，正畸器具与口腔粘膜或舌头的接触面积越大，正畸器具所承受的压强越小；当正畸器具的外表面在Y轴方向上的正投影面积S的尺寸增大到一定程度后，正畸器具所承受的压强又会随着接触面积的增大而增大，原因在于肌肉的拉伸量和体感压力值为非线性曲线，因此，本申请中，2.0≤a≤4.5，0.2≤k1≤0.9，上述参数值满足如下函数关系：
S＝(-0.8a3+4.5a2-0.2a)*k1；
满足上述条件的正畸器具，结合全覆盖结构，可以更加优化正畸器具与口腔粘膜或舌头的接触面积，有效降低压强，提高舒适度。
更具体地，a的取值范围为2.1≤a≤4.4、2.2≤a≤4.3、2.3≤a≤4.2、2.4 ≤a≤4.1、2.5≤a≤4、2.6≤a≤3.9、2.7≤a≤3.8、2.8≤a≤3.7、2.9≤a≤3.6、3.0≤a≤3.5、3.1≤a≤3.4、或3.2≤a≤3.3。k1的取值范围为0.2≤k1≤0.8、0.3≤k1≤0.7、0.4≤k1≤0.6、0.65≤k1≤0.85、0.7≤k1≤0.8或0.75≤k1≤0.8。
在实施例2中，正畸器具的外表面在Y轴方向上的正投影面积S的投影形状是带倒圆角的矩形。当然，在其他的实施例中，正畸器具的外表面在Y轴方向上的正投影面积S也可以是半圆形等，也可以是其他不规则形状，但无论投影为何种形状，都可以按照与其等效的圆形来计算投影面积。正畸器具的外表面在Y轴方向上的正投影面积S只规定了投影面积，而不限定投影形状。
为了验证本实施例，进行两组测试，第一组测试对象为8种不同宽度a的本实施例2的托槽200；第二组测试对象为现有技术中盖体部嵌设于第二工作翼上且未全覆盖结构的托槽，其选择8种不同宽度a与第一组测试对象的8种宽度a相同，但S不同，导致第一组测试对象和第二组测试对象所承受的压强不一样，转化为临床表现，即为异物感不一样；在模拟食物的干扰下，基数为1000颗的托槽，不同的参数值，其托槽的脱落概率有不同表现。
表1
表2
从上述表1和表2的两组测试的结果可以看出，在托槽的外表面在X轴方向的最大宽度a相同的情况下，第一组测试对象(本实施例2)的托槽的外表面在Y轴方向的正投影面积S大于第二组测试对象(现有技术中盖体部嵌设于第二工作翼且盖体部未全覆盖第二工作翼)的托槽的外表面在Y轴方向的正投影面积S，第一组测试对象(本实施例)的托槽所承受的压强小于第二组测试对象的托槽所承受的压强，第一组测试对象(本实施例)的托槽的脱落率也小于第二组测试对象的托槽的脱落率。
本申请还提供一种正畸系统，包括弓丝和多个如上述任一实施例中的正畸器具，弓丝容置在正畸器具的槽沟内。
以上所述实施例的各技术特征可以进行任意的组合，为使描述简洁，未对上述实施例中的各个技术特征所有可能的组合都进行描述，然而，只要这些技术特征的组合不存在矛盾，都应当认为是本说明书记载的范围。
以上所述实施例仅表达了本实用新型的几种实施方式，其描述较为具体和详细，但并不能因此而理解为对实用新型专利范围的限制。应当指出的是，对 于本领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本实用新型构思的前提下，还可以做出若干变形和改进，这些都属于本实用新型的保护范围。因此，本实用新型专利的保护范围应以所附权利要求为准。
在本实用新型的描述中，需要理解的是，术语“中心”、“纵向”、“横向”、“长度”、“宽度”、“厚度”、“上”、“下”、“前”、“后”、“左”、“右”、“竖直”、“水平”、“顶”、“底”、“内”、“外”、“顺时针”、“逆时针”、“轴向”、“径向”、“周向”等指示的方位或位置关系为基于附图所示的方位或位置关系，仅是为了便于描述本实用新型和简化描述，而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作，因此不能理解为对本实用新型的限制。
此外，术语“第一”、“第二”仅用于描述目的，而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性或者隐含指明所指示的技术特征的数量。由此，限定有“第一”、“第二”的特征可以明示或者隐含地包括至少一个该特征。在本实用新型的描述中，“多个”的含义是至少两个，例如两个，三个等，除非另有明确具体的限定。
在本实用新型中，除非另有明确的规定和限定，术语“安装”、“相连”、“连接”、“固定”等术语应做广义理解，例如，可以是固定连接，也可以是可拆卸连接，或成一体；可以是机械连接，也可以是电连接；可以是直接相连，也可以通过中间媒介间接相连，可以是两个元件内部的连通或两个元件的相互作用关系，除非另有明确的限定。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以根据具体情况理解上述术语在本实用新型中的具体含义。
在本实用新型中，除非另有明确的规定和限定，第一特征在第二特征“上”或“下”可以是第一和第二特征直接接触，或第一和第二特征通过中间媒介间 接接触。而且，第一特征在第二特征“之上”、“上方”和“上面”可是第一特征在第二特征正上方或斜上方，或仅仅表示第一特征水平高度高于第二特征。第一特征在第二特征“之下”、“下方”和“下面”可以是第一特征在第二特征正下方或斜下方，或仅仅表示第一特征水平高度小于第二特征。
需要说明的是，当元件被称为“固定于”或“设置于”另一个元件，它可以直接在另一个元件上或者也可以存在居中的元件。当一个元件被认为是“连接”另一个元件，它可以是直接连接到另一个元件或者可能同时存在居中元件。本文所使用的术语“垂直的”、“水平的”、“上”、“下”、“左”、“右”以及类似的表述只是为了说明的目的，并不表示是唯一的实施方式。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种正畸器具，其特征在于，所述正畸器具包括主体部和盖体部，所述主体部上设有槽沟，所述槽沟将所述主体部分隔成第一工作翼和第二工作翼，所述盖体部相对于所述第二工作翼可运动以打开或关闭所述槽沟，在所述盖体部关闭所述槽沟的情况下，所述盖体部覆盖在所述第二工作翼的顶面，所述第一工作翼的外表面、所述第二工作翼的外表面与所述盖体部的外表面共同形成正畸器具的外表面；
    定义从齿面指向唇面的方向为Y轴，Y轴垂直于槽沟的底面，从近中指向远中方向为X轴，所述正畸器具的外表面在Y轴方向上的正投影面积为S平方毫米，所述正畸器具的外表面在X轴方向的最大宽度为a毫米，所述S值和所述a值满足如下函数关系：
    S＝(-0.8a3+4.5a2-0.2a)*k1；
    其中，2.0≤a≤4.5，0.2≤k1≤0.9，所述k1为修正系数。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的正畸器具，其特征在于，a的取值范围为2.1≤a≤4.4、2.2≤a≤4.3、2.3≤a≤4.2、2.4≤a≤4.1、2.5≤a≤4、2.6≤a≤3.9、2.7≤a≤3.8、2.8≤a≤3.7、2.9≤a≤3.6、3.0≤a≤3.5、3.1≤a≤3.4、或3.2≤a≤3.3。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的正畸器具，其特征在于，k1的取值范围为0.2≤k1≤0.8、0.3≤k1≤0.7、0.4≤k1≤0.6、0.65≤k1≤0.85、0.7≤k1≤0.8或0.75≤k1≤0.8。
  4. 根据权利要求1至3任一项所述的正畸器具，其特征在于，所述正畸器具的外表面为球面、椭球面或复合曲面。
  5. 根据权利要求1至3任一项所述的正畸器具，其特征在于，所述正畸器具的外表面包括顶面和多个侧面，其中：
    所述顶面为平面，每一所述侧面为曲面；或者
    所述顶面为曲面，每一所述侧面为平面；或者
    所述顶面和每一所述侧面为平面，所述顶面与每一所述侧面之间通过曲面过渡连接；或者
    所述顶面为平面，其中一部分所述侧面为曲面，剩下部分所述侧面为平面。
  6. 根据权利要求1至3任一项所述的正畸器具，其特征在于，所述盖体部可转动地或可翻转地设置于所述第二工作翼上。
  7. 根据权利要求1至3任一项所述的正畸器具，其特征在于，所述盖体部可滑动地设置于所述第二工作翼上。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的正畸器具，其特征在于，所述第二工作翼的顶面设有滑槽，所述滑槽的相对两侧壁设有滑道，所述盖体部的底面设有与所述滑道相配合的滑轨。
  9. 根据权利要求7所述的正畸器具，其特征在于，所述第二工作翼的顶面设有凸台，所述凸台的相对两侧壁设有滑道，所述盖体部的底面设有与所述滑道相配合的滑槽。
  10. 一种正畸系统，其特征在于，包括弓丝和多个如权利要求1所述的正畸器具，所述弓丝用于容置在所述正畸器具的槽沟内。
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