WO2023195948A1 - Mécanique d'écoulement de gaz pour imprimante métal avec procédé de frittage laser direct de métal - Google Patents

Mécanique d'écoulement de gaz pour imprimante métal avec procédé de frittage laser direct de métal Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023195948A1
WO2023195948A1 PCT/TR2022/051586 TR2022051586W WO2023195948A1 WO 2023195948 A1 WO2023195948 A1 WO 2023195948A1 TR 2022051586 W TR2022051586 W TR 2022051586W WO 2023195948 A1 WO2023195948 A1 WO 2023195948A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
laser sintering
direct metal
sintering machine
metal laser
mentioned
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/TR2022/051586
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Fatih OZAYDIN
Huseyin TECER
Cumhur KOSEOGLU
Original Assignee
Estas Eksantrik Sanayi Ve Ticaret Anonim Sirketi
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Estas Eksantrik Sanayi Ve Ticaret Anonim Sirketi filed Critical Estas Eksantrik Sanayi Ve Ticaret Anonim Sirketi
Publication of WO2023195948A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023195948A1/fr

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
    • B22F10/20—Direct sintering or melting
    • B22F10/28—Powder bed fusion, e.g. selective laser melting [SLM] or electron beam melting [EBM]
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
    • B22F10/30—Process control
    • B22F10/32—Process control of the atmosphere, e.g. composition or pressure in a building chamber
    • B22F10/322—Process control of the atmosphere, e.g. composition or pressure in a building chamber of the gas flow, e.g. rate or direction
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F12/00—Apparatus or devices specially adapted for additive manufacturing; Auxiliary means for additive manufacturing; Combinations of additive manufacturing apparatus or devices with other processing apparatus or devices
    • B22F12/70—Gas flow means
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
    • Y02P10/25—Process efficiency

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a direct metal laser sintering machine, which is a 3D printing process that uses a computer-controlled high-power laser beam to melt and fuse layers of metallic powder, and a method of operating the machine.
  • the 3D printing process that uses a computer-controlled, high-power laser beam to melt and fuse layers of metallic powder is called Direct Metal Laser Sintering (DMLS).
  • DMLS Direct Metal Laser Sintering
  • the DMLS machine makes three-dimensional printing by sintering each layer with a laser aimed at the metallic powder bed.
  • the air flow in the machine is not regular in metal printer systems in the prior art. Since the flow is not regular, there are measurement inconsistencies during the process. In addition, the mechanical properties of the produced parts cannot achieve the desired results and malfunctions occur in the optical system.
  • the aim of the invention is to prevent the laser lens from being damaged and to obtain a direct metal laser sintering machine (100), which provides the desired quality and shape of the product.
  • Another aim of the invention is to obtain a direct metal laser sintering machine (100) in which the air flow can be realized without turbulence.
  • Another aim of the invention is to obtain a direct metal laser sintering machine (100) in which heat, smut and the arising waste gases are prevented from reaching the laser lens.
  • the direct metal laser sintering machine (100) developed to achieve the aforementioned purposes includes at least one vane gas inlet (120) with horizontal vanes (121) and/or vertical vanes (122) to ensure that the air flow inside the direct metal laser sintering machine (100) is turbulence-free to prevent damage to the laser lens and to obtain the desired quality and shape of the product, and/or at least one vacuum inlet (140) with at least one ellipse-shaped hole (141) to reduce the turbulence of the gas and provide a laminar flow.
  • Attached Figure - 1 is the top perspective view of the direct metal laser sintering machine.
  • Figure-2 is the side view of the direct metal laser sintering machine.
  • Figure-3 is the detail view of the vacuum inlet.
  • Figure-4 is the front view of the direct metal laser sintering machine.
  • Figure-5 is the detail view of the vane gas inlet.
  • Figure-6 is the detail view of the A-A section of the vane gas inlet.
  • Figure-7 is the work flow diagram of the direct metal laser sintering method.
  • Figure-8 is the simulation of the gas flow directly inside the metal laser sintering machine, which is supplied with inert gas from the cap side gas inlet.
  • Figure-9 is a simulation of the gas flow directly inside the metal laser sintering machine with inert gas supplied from the left-wing gas inlet.
  • Figure- 10 is a simulation of the gas flow directly inside the metal laser sintering machine, which is supplied with inert gas from the right-wing gas inlet.
  • Figure- 11 is the simulation of the gas flow directly inside the metal laser sintering machine, where inert gas is supplied from the galvanometer side gas inlet.
  • the invention relates to a direct metal laser sintering machine, which is a 3D printing process that uses a computer-controlled high-power laser beam to melt and fuse layers of metallic powder, and a method of operating the machine.
  • the mentioned production starts with the design of the desired part with a CAD (Computer Aided Design) program and saving it to the bench data.
  • the topology optimization of the part desired to be produced is made with the package program.
  • the part to be produced is divided into slices. After being cut into slices, it is recorded in the data of the direct metal laser sintering machine (100) in "stl" format, “stl” is a three-dimensional and CAD software-specific file format. Different formats can be used in alternative embodiments of the invention.
  • Topology optimization is made for the points that the laser cannot see in the parts designed with the CAD program.
  • the part planned to be produced is divided into layers and slices on the program.
  • the lines or motion levels formed as a result of the separation process are transferred to the galvanometer with the interface on the direct metal laser sintering machine (100) and the command for motion is awaited.
  • the scraper located on the direct metal laser sintering machine (100), takes the powders from the powder feeding chamber and lays them on the production area. Spherical powders in the size of 15 to 45 microns laid in the production area are melted by laser. It is combined with the melting process. The joining process starts from the lowest slice and is carried out towards the top slice.
  • Soot and heat are generated during the laser melting process inside the direct metal laser sintering machine (100).
  • the smut, heat and oxygen in the environment must be removed from the direct metal laser sintering machine (100).
  • inert gases are used in the direct metal laser sintering machine (100), depending on the type of material to be produced. For example; while argon, cobalt and chromium are used in titanium, gases such as helium are used in stainless steel.
  • the pressure inside the direct metal laser sintering machine (100) is set at 10 millibars and the gas flow rate at 2 meters/sec. and the air in the process chamber is continuously circulated by a vacuum pump.
  • the temperature of the table where the production is made should be a maximum of 200 degrees, and the amount of oxygen and moisture in the environment should be lOppm.
  • Ambient pressure, heat, smut, humidity and oxygen amounts are adjusted by the inert gas management system and the vacuum pump connected to this system. In addition, it is monitored with the oxygen, humidity and temperature sensors on it.
  • the air flow in the direct metal laser sintering machine (100) subject to the invention must be turbulent-free.
  • the smut formed during the melting process can reach the laser lens.
  • the galvanometer side gas inlet (110), vane gas inlet (120), cap side gas inlet (130) and vacuum inlet (140) are positioned on the direct metal laser sintering machine (100).
  • Galvanometer side gas inlet (110) prevents the smut formed during the process from adhering to the optical glass and keeps it clean.
  • the vane gas inlet (120) includes vanes arranged at certain angles. Laminar flow is provided by the vanes placed at certain angles. With the laminar flow, the flow in the direct metal laser sintering machine (100) is provided without turbulence, thus preventing the heat and the arising waste gases from reaching the laser lens.
  • the vane gas inlet (120) includes horizontal vanes (121) and/or vertical vanes (122). Said horizontal vanes (121) have an angle of a. In the preferred application of the invention, the angle a is 5 degrees. In alternative embodiments of the invention, the a angle can vary between 1 and 20 degrees.
  • the vertical vanes (122) have an angle p. In the preferred application of the invention, the angle P is 20 degrees. The alternative P angle of the invention can vary in the range of 10-40 degrees. Thanks to the vane gas inlet (120), a laminar inert gas flow is provided.
  • the cap side gas inlet (130) is the section where the inert gas enters. Said cap side gas inlet (130) ensures that inert gas forms a shield on the workpiece.
  • the vacuum inlet (140) has elliptical holes (141). Said vacuum inlet (140) provides evacuation of inert gas and smut inside the direct metal laser sintering machine (100). Thanks to the elliptical geometry of the hole (141), it reduces the turbulence of the gas and provides a laminar flow.
  • the vacuum inlet (140) consists of 33 elliptical 3 types of holes (141).
  • the gas inlets and outlets of the whole system are adjusted by the inert gas management system and the vacuum engine connected to this system, and it is monitored by the oxygen, humidity and temperature sensors on it. Oxygen, humidity and temperature sensors work in integration with the inert gas management system.
  • the form of the vacuum inlet (140) and the number of holes (141) may change.
  • Ellipse vacuum holes (141) consist of 3 rows and types.
  • the cross-sectional areas of the elliptical vacuum holes (141) decrease from bottom to top. Accordingly, the velocity of the fluid increases inversely as shown in the formula -1.
  • the elliptical form allows the gases to move away from the environment faster.
  • the direct metal laser sintering machine (100) which is the subject of the invention can work with a remote network connection. In this way, the design prepared with CAD programs can be transferred to the direct metal laser sintering machine (100) with a remote network connection.
  • the galvanometer moves the laser inside a circle with a diameter of 150 mm. Thanks to the galvanometer, the moving laser moves by melting the metal powders in the desired shapes. Said movement continues in cycles in relation to the number of slices and layers. When the process is completed, it is waited until the internal environment and the external environment are balanced and the workpiece is taken from the device.
  • the direct metal laser sintering machine (100) of the invention works as follows.
  • the simulation in Figure-8 shows the state of the flow during the circulation of inert gases.
  • the graph on the left represents the instantaneous velocity of gas molecules.
  • the gas was sent from the cap side gas inlet (130) at a speed of 2m/sec and the gas was vacuumed at a speed of 2m/sec from the elliptical vacuum inlet (140) located on the opposite side.
  • the simulation in Figure-9 and Figure-10 shows the state of the flow during the circulation of inert gases.
  • the graph on the left represents the instantaneous velocity of gas molecules.
  • the simulation in Figure-11 shows the state of the flow during the circulation of inert gases.
  • the graph on the left represents the instantaneous velocity of gas molecules.
  • the ambient pressure is entered as P: 10 mbar and the ambient temperature as T:25°C.
  • the inert gas was sent at a speed of 2m/sec from holes on galvanometer side gas inlet (110) and was vacuumed at a speed of 2m/sec from the vacuum inlet (140) in the form of ellipticals on the opposite side.

Abstract

L'invention concerne une machine de frittage laser direct de métal, qui utilise un processus d'impression 3D employant un faisceau laser à haute puissance commandé par ordinateur pour faire fondre et combiner des couches de poudre métallique, et est caractérisée en ce qu'elle comprend : au moins une entrée de gaz à aubes (120) comportant des aubes horizontales (121) et/ou des aubes verticales (122) et/ou une entrée de vide (140) comportant au moins un trou (141) pour réduire les turbulences du gaz et fournir un écoulement laminaire qui assure que l'écoulement d'air à l'intérieur de la machine de frittage laser direct de métal (100) est exempt de turbulences afin d'empêcher la lentille laser d'être endommagée par la chaleur, la crasse et les gaz résiduaires et d'obtenir la qualité et la forme souhaitées.
PCT/TR2022/051586 2022-04-08 2022-12-23 Mécanique d'écoulement de gaz pour imprimante métal avec procédé de frittage laser direct de métal WO2023195948A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
TR2022/005676 2022-04-08
TR2022/005676A TR2022005676A2 (tr) 2022-04-08 2022-04-08 Doğrudan Metal Lazer Sinterleme Yöntemli Metal Yazıcı İçin Gaz Akış Mekaniği

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2023195948A1 true WO2023195948A1 (fr) 2023-10-12

Family

ID=84046692

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/TR2022/051586 WO2023195948A1 (fr) 2022-04-08 2022-12-23 Mécanique d'écoulement de gaz pour imprimante métal avec procédé de frittage laser direct de métal

Country Status (2)

Country Link
TR (1) TR2022005676A2 (fr)
WO (1) WO2023195948A1 (fr)

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1992008592A1 (fr) * 1990-11-09 1992-05-29 Dtm Corporation Flux de gaz regule pour frittage selectif au laser
EP3147047A1 (fr) * 2015-09-25 2017-03-29 SLM Solutions Group AG Appareil de production d'une pièce tridimensionnelle avec un meilleur écoulement de gaz
US20180126649A1 (en) * 2016-11-07 2018-05-10 Velo3D, Inc. Gas flow in three-dimensional printing

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1992008592A1 (fr) * 1990-11-09 1992-05-29 Dtm Corporation Flux de gaz regule pour frittage selectif au laser
EP3147047A1 (fr) * 2015-09-25 2017-03-29 SLM Solutions Group AG Appareil de production d'une pièce tridimensionnelle avec un meilleur écoulement de gaz
US20180126649A1 (en) * 2016-11-07 2018-05-10 Velo3D, Inc. Gas flow in three-dimensional printing

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
TR2022005676A2 (tr) 2022-06-21

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