WO2023193187A1 - 换电系统 - Google Patents

换电系统 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023193187A1
WO2023193187A1 PCT/CN2022/085559 CN2022085559W WO2023193187A1 WO 2023193187 A1 WO2023193187 A1 WO 2023193187A1 CN 2022085559 W CN2022085559 W CN 2022085559W WO 2023193187 A1 WO2023193187 A1 WO 2023193187A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
battery
information
power
replacement
target vehicle
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2022/085559
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
王清明
Original Assignee
时代电服科技有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 时代电服科技有限公司 filed Critical 时代电服科技有限公司
Priority to CN202280054031.8A priority Critical patent/CN117751047A/zh
Priority to PCT/CN2022/085559 priority patent/WO2023193187A1/zh
Publication of WO2023193187A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023193187A1/zh

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/80—Exchanging energy storage elements, e.g. removable batteries
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60S—SERVICING, CLEANING, REPAIRING, SUPPORTING, LIFTING, OR MANOEUVRING OF VEHICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60S5/00—Servicing, maintaining, repairing, or refitting of vehicles
    • B60S5/06—Supplying batteries to, or removing batteries from, vehicles
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08G—TRAFFIC CONTROL SYSTEMS
    • G08G1/00—Traffic control systems for road vehicles
    • G08G1/01—Detecting movement of traffic to be counted or controlled
    • G08G1/017—Detecting movement of traffic to be counted or controlled identifying vehicles
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the technical field of vehicle battery swap control, and in particular to a battery swap system.
  • battery swap stations are designed for new energy vehicles.
  • it is necessary to communicate with the driver in person through the battery swap station personnel and guide the driver to operate, which is very inconvenient.
  • a power swap system which can improve the convenience of power swap operations.
  • This application provides a power exchange system, which includes station control equipment and an information output device;
  • the station control equipment is used to control the information output device to output guidance information, and the guidance information is used to guide the driver of the target vehicle to complete the battery replacement preparation operation;
  • the station control device is also configured to perform a power swap operation on the target vehicle after detecting that the power swap preparation operation is completed.
  • the station control equipment outputs guidance information through the information output device to guide the driver of the target vehicle to complete the power swap preparation operation. After detecting that the power swap preparation operation is completed, the power swap operation is performed on the target vehicle without the need for a power swap station.
  • the personnel communicated with the driver face-to-face to provide guidance, which improved the convenience of battery swapping operation.
  • the power exchange system further includes: an information collection device and a cloud server;
  • An information collection device configured to collect image information of the target vehicle and send the image information to the cloud server;
  • the cloud server is used to obtain the vehicle identification of the target vehicle according to the image information, and send the vehicle identification to the station control device;
  • the station control equipment is also used to verify the target vehicle according to the vehicle identification of the target vehicle, and control the information output device to output the guidance information after the verification is passed.
  • the image information of the target vehicle is collected through the information collection device, and then the cloud server obtains the vehicle identification of the target vehicle based on the image information and sends it to the station control equipment.
  • the station control equipment verifies the target vehicle based on the vehicle identification, and controls the information after passing the verification.
  • the output device outputs guidance information to prevent illegal vehicles from entering the battery swapping station for battery swapping and improve the safety of vehicle battery swapping.
  • the cloud server is configured to obtain license plate information based on the image information, obtain the VIN code of the target vehicle based on the license plate information, and send the VIN code as the vehicle identification. to the station control equipment. Use the license plate information to obtain the VIN code of the target vehicle for vehicle verification.
  • the authentication is simple and fast, which can improve the efficiency of authentication.
  • the cloud server is also configured to obtain the communication information of the target vehicle according to the image information, and send the communication information to the station control device; the station control device uses Establishing a communication connection with the target vehicle according to the communication information.
  • the cloud server obtains the communication information of the target vehicle based on the image information, and the station control device establishes a communication connection with the target vehicle based on the communication information for subsequent data communication with the target vehicle.
  • the battery swap system further includes an entry gate; the station control device is configured to receive battery information sent by the target vehicle based on the communication connection, and update the battery information based on the battery information.
  • the target vehicle's battery is subject to legality verification, and after passing the verification, the entry gate is controlled to open. After verifying the target vehicle, the battery of the target vehicle is also verified for legality based on the obtained battery information. After the battery verification passes, the inbound gate is controlled to open, allowing the target vehicle to enter the battery swap station for battery swapping.
  • the vehicle identification and battery information are combined for authentication to avoid inconsistencies between the license plate, vehicle identification, battery information, and the recorded information, and improve the safety of battery replacement.
  • the power exchange system further includes an alignment identification device; the alignment identification device is used to collect the location information of the target vehicle and send the location information to the station control device. ;
  • the station control equipment is further configured to control the information output device to output the guidance information after determining that the target vehicle is located at the power exchange position according to the location information. After confirming that the target vehicle is located at the power swap position based on the location information, the station control equipment then controls the information output device to output guidance information to guide the driver of the target vehicle to perform battery swap preparation operations so that the vehicle can be swapped after completing the battery swap preparation operations. electricity.
  • the alignment identification device includes a radar device and/or a laser alignment device. Specific vehicle position detection methods can be selected according to actual needs, and the detection is convenient and reliable.
  • the station control device is further configured to activate the power swap authority of the client bound to the target vehicle after determining that the target vehicle is located at the power swap position.
  • the battery swap permission of the client bound to the target vehicle is activated so that the driver can initiate a battery swap request through the client.
  • the station control equipment includes a station control host and a power exchange device; the station control host is configured to receive the power exchange message sent by the client after detecting that the power exchange preparation operation is completed.
  • request the power exchange request includes information about the target battery that needs to be replaced; the station control host is used to send a power exchange instruction to the power exchange device according to the power exchange request; the power exchange device is used to send a power exchange instruction according to the power exchange request;
  • the power swap instruction executes the power swap operation.
  • the station control host Based on the power swap request sent by the client, the station control host generates a power swap instruction and sends it to the power swap device.
  • the power swap device swaps power for the target vehicle according to the power swap command, realizing autonomous power swap control of the vehicle according to the power swap requirements. .
  • the battery replacement device is configured to obtain replacement batteries from the battery compartment according to the number N of target batteries in the power replacement instruction, and use the replacement batteries to replace the target batteries.
  • the power replacement device selects batteries from the battery compartment for replacement based on the actual number of batteries required to be replaced, which is more in line with actual power replacement needs.
  • the battery replacement device is used to obtain N replacement batteries and M empty packages from the battery compartment when the number of target batteries is less than the total number of batteries P of the target vehicle.
  • the battery replacement device selects a corresponding number of replacement batteries that meet the requirements, and also selects a corresponding number of empty batteries to replace all batteries of the target vehicle, avoiding only partial battery replacement of the vehicle. , due to the voltage difference between the replaced battery and the unreplaced battery, which affects the safety of power supply and improves the safety of vehicle battery swapping.
  • the battery replacement device is used to obtain P replacement batteries from the battery compartment when the number of target batteries is equal to the total number of batteries P in the target vehicle; the replacement battery The power of the battery is greater than the preset power threshold and the SOC of the replacement battery is less than the preset SOC threshold.
  • the battery replacement device selects a replacement battery that meets the requirements from the battery compartment and replaces all the batteries in the vehicle to ensure the safety of power supply to the vehicle.
  • the station control device is further configured to receive vehicle status information reported by the target vehicle, and determine whether the battery swap preparation operation is completed based on the vehicle status information.
  • the station control device maintains communication with the target vehicle after outputting the guidance information, obtains the vehicle status information of the target vehicle, and analyzes whether the battery swap preparation operation is completed, so that the battery swap operation is automatically performed on the target vehicle after the battery swap preparation operation is completed.
  • the station control device is further configured to limit the high voltage of the target vehicle after detecting that the battery swap preparation operation is completed. After the battery replacement preparation operation is completed, the station control equipment limits the high voltage of the target vehicle to prevent the vehicle from accidentally triggering the high voltage operation during the battery replacement process and improve the safety of the battery replacement operation.
  • the battery exchange system further includes a battery acquisition device and a mobile device;
  • the station control equipment is used to control the battery acquisition device to remove the replacement battery from the battery compartment and place the replacement battery in the mobile device;
  • the station control equipment is also used to control the mobile device to transport the replacement battery to the battery replacement position of the target vehicle.
  • the station control equipment controls the battery acquisition device to remove the replacement battery from the battery compartment, and the mobile device transports the replacement battery to the battery swap position of the vehicle, realizing automatic battery selection and facilitating battery replacement of the vehicle.
  • the power exchange system further includes an outbound gate
  • the station control device is also configured to send the battery replacement information to the target vehicle after completing the battery replacement operation, so that the target vehicle can communicate with the replacement battery according to the battery replacement information. After establishing the communication connection, perform replacement self-test on the replacement battery;
  • the station control device is also configured to control the outbound gate opening after receiving the replacement success information sent by the target vehicle.
  • the station control equipment After the battery is replaced, the station control equipment sends the battery replacement information to the target vehicle. After the target vehicle reports the replacement success information, it confirms that the battery replacement was successfully executed and controls the outbound gate to open so that the vehicle can leave the battery swap station.
  • the station control device is further configured to perform the battery replacement operation again after receiving the replacement failure information sent by the target vehicle. If the battery replacement fails, the station control device will reselect the battery to the vehicle's power replacement position and perform power replacement again, thereby improving the vehicle's power replacement success rate.
  • the station control device is further configured to control the power exchange operation after the execution number exceeds a preset times threshold, or after the execution time of the power exchange operation exceeds a preset duration threshold.
  • the exit gate opens and controls the information output device to output prompt information.
  • the prompt information is used to prompt the driver to leave the battery swap station.
  • the exit gate is controlled to open and prompts the vehicle to leave the power swap station to avoid affecting the power swap for the next vehicle.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the application scenario of the power swap system in an embodiment
  • Figure 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a power swap system in an embodiment
  • Figure 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a power swap system in another embodiment
  • Figure 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a power swap system in yet another embodiment
  • Figure 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a station control device in an embodiment.
  • an embodiment means that a particular feature, structure or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment can be included in at least one embodiment of the present application.
  • the appearances of this phrase in various places in the specification are not necessarily all referring to the same embodiment, nor are separate or alternative embodiments mutually exclusive of other embodiments. Those skilled in the art understand, both explicitly and implicitly, that the embodiments described herein may be combined with other embodiments.
  • multiple refers to more than two (including two).
  • multiple groups refers to two or more groups (including two groups), and “multiple pieces” refers to It is more than two pieces (including two pieces).
  • Power batteries are the power sources that provide power for tools. They mostly use valve-sealed lead-acid batteries, open tubular lead-acid batteries, and lithium iron phosphate batteries, which have the characteristics of high energy, high power, and high energy density. Taking electric vehicles as an example, during the use of electric vehicles, it is necessary to enter a battery swap station for battery replacement to ensure that the cruising range and power of the battery in the vehicle meet demand.
  • a power swap system which includes a station control device and an information output device.
  • the station control device outputs guidance information through the information output device to guide the driver of the target vehicle to complete the power swap preparation operation, and when the power swap is detected After the preparation operation is completed, the battery swap operation is performed on the target vehicle. There is no need for the battery swap station personnel to communicate with the driver in person for guidance, which improves the convenience of the battery swap operation.
  • the power exchange system provided by the embodiment of the present application can be applied in the application environment as shown in Figure 1.
  • the client 300 and the station control device 110 communicate with the cloud server 130 through the network
  • the vehicle 200 communicates with the station control device 110.
  • the cloud server 130 obtains the vehicle identification and the communication information of the target vehicle according to the image information of the target vehicle and sends it to the station control device 110.
  • the station control device 110 verifies the target vehicle according to the vehicle identification. After the verification is passed, the communication information and the target vehicle are verified.
  • the vehicle establishes a communication connection, obtains the battery information of the target vehicle to verify the battery legality, and after passing the verification, outputs guidance information through the information output device to guide the driver of the target vehicle to complete the battery replacement preparation operation.
  • the station control device 110 After detecting that the power exchange preparation operation is completed, the station control device 110 performs a power exchange operation on the target vehicle according to the power exchange request sent by the client 300 .
  • the station control device 110 may be a collection of one or more control devices, and the cloud server 130 may be implemented as an independent server or a server cluster composed of multiple servers.
  • the client 300 can be, but is not limited to, various personal computers, laptops, smartphones, tablets, and portable wearable devices.
  • the portable wearable devices can be smart watches, smart bracelets, head-mounted devices, etc.
  • a power exchange system including a station control device 110 and an information output device 120.
  • the station control device 110 is used to control the information output device 120 to output guidance information; the station control device 110 It is also used to perform battery swap operation on the target vehicle after detecting that the battery swap preparation operation is completed.
  • the guidance information is used to guide the driver of the target vehicle to complete the battery replacement preparation operation.
  • the station control device 110 controls the information output device 120 to output guidance information to guide the driver of the target vehicle to complete the power swap preparation operation and detect the status of the vehicle.
  • the specific structure of the information output device 120 is not unique.
  • the manner of outputting the guidance information is also different.
  • the information output device 120 may include one or more of an indicator light, a speaker, and a battery swap station display screen.
  • the station control device 110 communicates with the target vehicle to detect the vehicle status. After determining that the target vehicle's battery swap preparation operation is completed based on the vehicle status, the station control device 110 performs the battery swap operation on the target vehicle.
  • the station control equipment 110 outputs guidance information through the information output device 120 to guide the driver of the target vehicle to complete the power exchange preparation operation, and after detecting that the power exchange preparation operation is completed, the power exchange operation is performed on the target vehicle without the need for Battery swap station personnel communicate with the driver face-to-face to provide guidance, which improves the convenience of battery swap operations.
  • the power exchange system also includes: an information collection device 140 and a cloud server 130.
  • the information collection device 140 is used to collect the image information of the target vehicle and send the image information to the cloud server 130;
  • the cloud server 130 is used to obtain the vehicle identification of the target vehicle based on the image information and send the vehicle identification to the station control device 110;
  • the station control equipment 110 is also used to verify the target vehicle according to the vehicle identification of the target vehicle, and control the information output device 120 to output guidance information after the verification is passed.
  • the way in which the information collection device 140 collects the image information of the target vehicle is not unique, and the image information can be collected through camera or scanning equipment.
  • the information collection device 140 can use a snapshot camera to capture the image information of the target vehicle and upload it to the cloud server 130.
  • the cloud server 130 analyzes and extracts the image information of the target vehicle to obtain the vehicle identification of the target vehicle, and then uploads the vehicle identification to the target vehicle. Send it to the station control device 110 for vehicle identity verification.
  • the vehicle identification refers to the unique identification information of the vehicle, which is used to authenticate the vehicle.
  • the specific type of vehicle identification is not unique. It can be to obtain the vehicle's license plate number as the vehicle identification, or to obtain related information based on the vehicle's license plate number as the vehicle identification.
  • the license plate number and corresponding associated information may be saved in the cloud server 130.
  • the associated information may include information related to the vehicle, and may also include information related to the battery installed on the vehicle.
  • the relevant information of the vehicle may include vehicle communication address information and vehicle VIN (Vehicle Identification Number) code, etc.
  • vehicle communication address information may be Bluetooth address information, WIFI address information, etc.
  • the relevant information of the battery installed on the vehicle may include Battery code, battery communication address, etc.
  • the image information of the target vehicle is collected through the information collection device 140, and then the cloud server 130 obtains the vehicle identification of the target vehicle based on the image information and sends it to the station control device 110, and the station control device 110 performs the detection on the target vehicle based on the vehicle identification. Verification, and after the verification is passed, the information output device 120 is controlled to output guidance information, so as to prevent illegal vehicles from entering the battery swap station for battery swap and improve the safety of vehicle battery swap.
  • the cloud server 130 is configured to obtain the license plate information based on the image information, obtain the VIN code of the target vehicle based on the license plate information, and send the VIN code as the vehicle identification to the station control device 110 .
  • the VIN code contains the vehicle's manufacturer, year, model and other information.
  • the cloud server 130 stores the license plate number and the associated VIN code.
  • the cloud server 130 extracts the VIN code of the target vehicle based on the photographed license plate information and sends it to the station control device 110 for vehicle identity verification and analyzes whether the target vehicle is a registered vehicle. For example, the station control device 110 may detect whether the VIN code is in a preset registered vehicle list.
  • the target vehicle is considered to be a registered vehicle and the target vehicle is verified.
  • the authentication is simple and fast, which can improve the efficiency of authentication.
  • the cloud server 130 is also used to obtain the communication information of the target vehicle based on the image information, and send the communication information to the station control device 110; the station control device 110 is used to establish a communication connection with the target vehicle based on the communication information.
  • the communication information may specifically be Bluetooth address information, WIFI address information, etc.
  • the cloud server 130 also stores the license plate number and the associated vehicle Bluetooth address information.
  • the cloud server 130 also synchronously extracts the Bluetooth address information of the target vehicle based on the photographed license plate information. Sent to the station control device 110 for the station control device 110 to establish a Bluetooth communication connection with the target vehicle based on the Bluetooth address information.
  • the cloud server 130 obtains the communication information of the target vehicle based on the image information, and the station control device 110 establishes a communication connection with the target vehicle based on the communication information for subsequent data communication with the target vehicle.
  • the power exchange system also includes an entry gate 150 .
  • the station control device 110 is configured to receive the battery information sent by the target vehicle based on the communication connection, verify the legality of the battery of the target vehicle based on the battery information, and control the entry gate 150 to open after passing the verification.
  • the battery information refers to the unique identification information of the battery, which is used to verify the legality of the battery on the target vehicle.
  • Battery information can be battery code, battery communication address, etc.
  • the information collection device 140 can be set up at the entrance gate 150 to obtain the image information of the target vehicle and upload it to the cloud server 130.
  • the cloud server 130 extracts the VIN code and vehicle Bluetooth address information of the target vehicle based on the photographed license plate information. It is sent to the station control device 110. After confirming that the target vehicle is a registered vehicle through VIN code analysis, the station control device 110 establishes Bluetooth communication with the vehicle based on the vehicle's Bluetooth address information, obtains the battery information sent by the target vehicle, and checks the target vehicle based on the battery information.
  • the station control device 110 may detect whether the battery information is in a preset factory battery list. If the battery information is in the factory battery list, the battery is considered legal. After the battery legality verification is passed, the station control device 110 controls the inbound gate 150 to open, allowing the target vehicle to drive into the battery swap station.
  • the battery of the target vehicle is also verified for legality based on the obtained battery information.
  • the entry gate 150 is controlled to open, allowing the target vehicle to enter the battery swap station. Perform battery swap.
  • the vehicle identification and battery information are combined for authentication to avoid inconsistencies between the license plate, vehicle identification, battery information, and the recorded information, and improve the safety of battery replacement.
  • the power exchange system further includes an alignment identification device 160 .
  • the position identification device 160 is used to collect the position information of the target vehicle and send the position information to the station control device 110; the station control device 110 is also used to control the information output device after determining that the target vehicle is located at the power exchange position according to the position information. 120 outputs boot information.
  • the type of alignment identification device 160 is not unique. It may specifically include a radar device and/or a laser alignment device. A specific vehicle position detection method can be selected according to actual needs to make the detection convenient and reliable.
  • the radar device can be placed at the entry gate 150 and the laser alignment device can be placed at the power exchange position.
  • the radar at the entrance gate 150 detects the position of the target vehicle and reports it to the station control equipment 110.
  • the laser alignment device is used to perform V-groove laser alignment detection on the vehicle tires.
  • the station control equipment 110 determines the entry of the vehicle based on the induction signal of the radar. After the battery replacement position is determined and the vehicle alignment is completed based on the detection signal of the laser alignment device, the station control equipment 110 controls the information output device 120 to output guidance information to guide the driver to perform battery replacement preparation operations.
  • the station control device 110 controls the information output device 120 to output guidance information to guide the driver of the target vehicle to perform power swap preparation operations, so that after completing the power swap, After preparation, replace the battery of the vehicle.
  • the station control device 110 is also used to activate the power swap authority of the client bound to the target vehicle after determining that the target vehicle is located at the power swap location. Specifically, after determining that the target vehicle is located at the power exchange position, the station control device 110 also forwards the control instruction to the client bound to the target vehicle through the cloud server 130, and activates the power exchange of the APP (Application, application) on the client. permissions. It can be understood that after determining that the target vehicle is located at the power swap position, the station control device 110 activates the client's power swap authority, and the output of the guidance information with the control information output device 120 may be performed synchronously or asynchronously, as long as the battery swap is in progress. Just activate the client's power swap permission before power operation. When the target vehicle has reached the battery swap position, the battery swap permission of the client bound to the target vehicle is activated so that the driver can initiate a battery swap request through the client.
  • APP Application, application
  • the station control equipment 110 includes a station control host 112 and a power exchange device 114 .
  • the station control host 112 is configured to receive a power swap request sent by the client after detecting that the power swap preparation operation is completed.
  • the station control host 112 is also configured to send a power swap instruction to the power swap device 114 according to the power swap request; the power swap device 114 Used to perform power replacement operations according to power replacement instructions.
  • the battery replacement request includes information about the target battery that needs to be replaced.
  • the information about the target battery may include battery location, battery quantity, and other information.
  • the type of power exchange device 114 is not unique. Specifically, a PLC (Programmable Logic Controller) can be used.
  • the station control host 112 is connected to the power exchange device 114, the information output device 120, the entry gate 150 and the alignment identification device 160, and communicates with the cloud server 130.
  • the station control host 112 is used to perform vehicle verification and battery legality verification, control the opening and closing of the entrance gate 150, and control the information output device 120 to output guidance information.
  • the station control host 112 After detecting that the power swap preparation operation is completed, the station control host 112 sends a power swap instruction to the power swap device 114 according to the power swap request sent by the client, and controls the power swap device 114 to perform the power swap operation.
  • the station control host 112 generates a power swap command according to the power swap request sent by the client and sends it to the power swap device 114.
  • the power swap device 114 swaps power for the target vehicle according to the power swap command, thereby realizing the power swap according to the power swap command. Autonomous power swap control of vehicles is required.
  • the power replacement device 114 is used to obtain replacement batteries from the battery compartment according to the number N of target batteries in the power replacement instruction, and use the replacement batteries to replace the target batteries.
  • the power replacement device 114 determines the number of batteries that need to be replaced according to the power replacement instructions, and selects batteries from the battery compartment for replacement based on the actual number of replacement batteries required, which is more in line with actual power replacement needs.
  • the battery replacement device 114 is used to obtain N replacement batteries and M empty batteries from the battery compartment when the number of target batteries is less than the total number of batteries P of the target vehicle;
  • Empty batteries refer to batteries that do not store electrical energy and do not have the power supply function.
  • the specific values of the preset power threshold and the preset SOC threshold are not unique and can be adjusted according to the actual situation.
  • the preset SOC threshold is 2%.
  • a certain number of empty batteries are used to replace all batteries in the target vehicle with replacement batteries and empty batteries. For example, when the target vehicle is equipped with two batteries, if the target battery is one, the battery replacement device 114 selects a replacement battery and an empty battery to replace the two batteries installed on the target vehicle at the same time.
  • the battery replacement device 114 selects a corresponding number of replacement batteries that meet the requirements, and also selects a corresponding number of empty batteries to replace all the batteries of the target vehicle, so as to avoid replacing all the batteries of the target vehicle.
  • the vehicle only replaces part of the battery. The voltage difference between the replaced battery and the unreplaced battery affects the safety of power supply and improves the safety of vehicle battery replacement.
  • the battery replacement device 114 selects a battery from the battery compartment whose power is greater than the preset power threshold, whose SOC is less than the preset SOC threshold, and whose voltage difference between the batteries is less than the set voltage difference threshold as replacement. battery to further improve the power supply stability of replacement batteries.
  • the specific value for setting the voltage difference threshold is not unique. In this embodiment, the voltage difference threshold is set to 5V.
  • the battery replacement device 114 is used to obtain P replacement batteries from the battery compartment when the number of target batteries is equal to the total number of batteries P in the target vehicle.
  • the power of the replacement battery is greater than the preset power threshold and the SOC of the replacement battery is less than the preset SOC threshold. If all batteries in the target vehicle need to be replaced, the battery replacement device 114 selects a corresponding number of replacement batteries from the battery compartment. Similarly, if the number of replacement batteries is more than two, the battery replacement device 114 selects a battery from the battery compartment whose power is greater than the preset power threshold, whose SOC is less than the preset SOC threshold, and whose voltage difference between batteries is less than the set voltage difference threshold. Replacement battery.
  • the battery replacement device 114 selects a replacement battery that meets the requirements from the battery compartment and replaces all the batteries in the vehicle to ensure the safety of power supply to the vehicle.
  • the station control device 110 is also configured to receive vehicle status information reported by the target vehicle, and determine whether the battery swap preparation operation is completed based on the vehicle status information. Specifically, when the driver performs the battery swap preparation operation according to the guidance information, the station control host 112 in the station control device 110 maintains Bluetooth communication with the target vehicle, obtains the vehicle status information reported by the target vehicle, and determines based on the vehicle status information. After all relevant operation items are completed, it is determined that the battery replacement preparation operation is completed.
  • the operation items may include at least one of the following: depressurizing the vehicle, disconnecting the vehicle from the battery, shifting the vehicle gear to N, returning the steering wheel, releasing the brake pedal, and closing the door.
  • the station control device 110 maintains communication with the target vehicle after outputting the guidance information, obtains the vehicle status information of the target vehicle, and analyzes whether the power swap preparation operation is completed, so that the power swap is automatically performed on the target vehicle after the power swap preparation operation is completed. operate.
  • the station control device 110 is also configured to limit the upper voltage of the target vehicle after detecting that the battery swap preparation operation is completed. Specifically, after the station control host 112 in the station control device 110 determines that the battery replacement preparation operation is completed according to the vehicle status information, it sends an instruction to the target vehicle through Bluetooth communication, performs high-voltage restriction processing on the target vehicle, and then based on the command sent by the client. The power exchange request sends a power exchange instruction to the power exchange device 114 and controls the power exchange device 114 to perform a power exchange operation. In this embodiment, the station control device 110 performs high-voltage restriction processing on the target vehicle after the battery replacement preparation operation is completed, so as to avoid the vehicle from accidentally triggering the high-voltage operation during the battery replacement process and improve the safety of the battery replacement operation.
  • the battery replacement system further includes a battery acquisition device 170 and a mobile device 180 .
  • the station control device 110 is used to control the battery acquisition device 170 to remove the replacement battery from the battery compartment and place the replacement battery in the mobile device 180; the station control device 110 is also used to control the mobile device 180 to transport the replacement battery to the target vehicle. electrical position.
  • the battery acquisition device 170 can be a palletizer
  • the mobile device 180 can be a RGV (Rail Guided Vehicle) trolley or an AGV (Automated Guided Vehicle) trolley.
  • the power exchange device 114 in the station control equipment 110 is connected to the battery acquisition device 170 and the mobile device 180. After the power exchange device 114 determines the number of target batteries that need to be replaced, it controls the battery acquisition device 170 to take out the corresponding number from the battery compartment. And the replacement battery that meets the requirements is placed in the mobile device 180, and the power replacement device 114 controls the mobile device 180 to transport the replacement battery to the power replacement location of the target vehicle.
  • the station control equipment controls the battery acquisition device to take out the replacement battery from the battery compartment, and the mobile device transports the replacement battery to the battery swap position of the vehicle, thereby realizing automatic battery selection and facilitating battery swapping.
  • the vehicle undergoes battery replacement.
  • the power exchange system further includes an outbound gate 190 .
  • the station control device 110 is also used to send the battery replacement information to the target vehicle after completing the battery replacement operation, so that the target vehicle can perform replacement self-test on the replacement battery after establishing a communication connection with the replacement battery based on the battery replacement information; the station The control device 110 is also used to control the outbound gate 190 to open after receiving the replacement success information sent by the target vehicle.
  • the battery replacement information may include the location of the battery replacement and communication information.
  • the communication information may be the battery Bluetooth MAC (Media Access Control) address.
  • the target vehicle establishes Bluetooth communication with the replacement battery based on the received information and performs replacement self-test. If the self-test is successful, The replacement success information is then fed back to the station control host 112, and the station control host 112 controls the outbound gate 190 to open.
  • the station control device 110 sends the battery replacement information to the target vehicle.
  • the target vehicle reports the replacement success information, it confirms that the battery replacement was successfully executed, and controls the outbound gate 190 to open, so that The vehicle leaves the battery swap station.
  • the station control device 110 is also configured to perform the battery replacement operation again after receiving the replacement failure information sent by the target vehicle. Specifically, if the station control host 112 receives the replacement failure information sent by the target vehicle, it determines that the battery replacement failed this time, controls the power replacement device 114 to perform another power replacement operation, and selects a corresponding number of replacement batteries from the battery compartment for the target vehicle. Perform battery replacement. In this embodiment, if the battery replacement fails, the station control device 110 reselects the battery to the vehicle's power replacement position and performs power replacement again, thereby improving the vehicle's power replacement success rate.
  • the station control device 110 is also used to control the outbound gate 190 after the number of times the power exchange operation is performed exceeds a preset times threshold, or after the execution time of the power exchange operation exceeds a preset duration threshold. Open the gate and control the information output device 120 to output prompt information.
  • the prompt information is used to prompt the driver to leave the battery swap station.
  • the values of the preset times threshold and the preset duration threshold are not unique.
  • the preset times threshold can be set to 2 times.
  • the station control host 112 controls the outbound gate 190 to open, and outputs the information through the information output device 120 Output prompt information to remind the driver of the target vehicle to leave the battery swap station.
  • the exit gate 190 is controlled to open and prompts the vehicle to leave the power swap station to avoid affecting the power swap for the next vehicle.

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Abstract

一种换电系统，包括站控设备以及信息输出装置；站控设备用于控制信息输出装置输出引导信息，引导信息用于引导目标车辆的驾驶员完成换电准备操作；站控设备，还用于在检测到换电准备操作完成后，对目标车辆进行换电操作。站控设备通过信息输出装置输出引导信息，引导目标车辆的驾驶员完成换电准备操作，并在检测到换电准备操作完成后，对目标车辆进行换电操作，无需换电站人员与驾驶员当面沟通进行指导，提高了换电操作便利性。

Description

换电系统 技术领域
本申请涉及车辆换电控制技术领域，特别是涉及一种换电系统。
背景技术
目前，针对新能源汽车的续航，设计有针对新能源汽车的换电站，在换电过程中需要通过换电站人员与驾驶员当面沟通，指导驾驶员进行操作，十分不便。
发明内容
根据本申请的各种实施例，提供一种换电系统，能提高换电操作便利性。
本申请提供了一种换电系统，所述换电系统包括站控设备以及信息输出装置；
所述站控设备，用于控制所述信息输出装置输出引导信息，所述引导信息用于引导目标车辆的驾驶员完成换电准备操作；
所述站控设备，还用于在检测到所述换电准备操作完成后，对所述目标车辆进行换电操作。
上述换电系统，站控设备通过信息输出装置输出引导信息，引导目标车辆的驾驶员完成换电准备操作，并在检测到换电准备操作完成后，对目标车辆进行换电操作，无需换电站人员与驾驶员当面沟通进行指导，提高了换电操作便利性。
在其中一个实施例中，所述换电系统还包括：信息采集装置和云服务器；
信息采集装置，用于采集所述目标车辆的图像信息，将所述图像信息发送至所述云服务器；
所述云服务器，用于根据所述图像信息获取目标车辆的车辆标识，并将所述车辆标识发送至所述站控设备；
所述站控设备，还用于根据所述目标车辆的车辆标识对所述目标车辆进行验证，并在验证通过后控制所述信息输出装置输出所述引导信息。
通过信息采集装置采集目标车辆的图像信息，再由云服务器根据图像信息获取目标车辆的车辆标识发送至站控设备，通过站控设备根据车辆标识对目标车辆进行验证，并在验证通过后控制信息输出装置输出引导信息，避免非法车辆进入换电站进行换电，提高车辆换电的安全性。
在其中一个实施例中，所述云服务器，用于根据所述图像信息获取车牌信息，并根据所述车牌信息获取所述目标车辆的VIN码，并将所述VIN码作为所述车辆标识发送至所述站控设备。利用车牌信息获取目标车辆的VIN码进行车辆验证，认证简便快捷，可提高认证效率。
在其中一个实施例中，所述云服务器，还用于根据所述图像信息获取所述目标车辆的通信信息，并将所述通信信息发送至所述站控设备；所述站控设备，用于根据所述通信信息与所述目标车辆建立通信连接。云服务器根据所述图像信息获取目标车辆的通信信息，站控设备根据通信信息与目标车辆建立通信连接，以便后续与目标车辆进行数据通信。
在其中一个实施例中，所述换电系统还包括进站闸机；所述站控设备，用于基于所述通信连接接收所述目标车辆发送的电池信息，根据所述电池信息对所述目标车辆的电池进行合法性验证，并在验证通过后，控制所述进站闸机开闸。在对目标车辆进行验证后，还结合获取到的电池信息对目标车辆的电池进行合法性验证，在电池验证通过后控制进站闸机开闸，允许目标车辆进入换电站进行换电。同时结合车辆标识和电池信息进行认证，避免车牌与车辆标识、电池信息，与记录的信息不一致的情况，提高换电安全性。
在其中一个实施例中，所述换电系统还包括对位识别装置；所述对位识别装置，用于采集所述目标车辆的位置信息，并将所述位置信息发送至所述站控设备；所述站控设备，还用于在根据所述位置信息确定所述目标车辆位 于换电位置处后，控制所述信息输出装置输出所述引导信息。站控设备在根据位置信息确认目标车辆位于换电位置处后，再控制信息输出装置输出引导信息，引导目标车辆的驾驶员进行换电准备操作，以便在完成换电准备操作后对车辆进行换电。
在其中一个实施例中，所述对位识别装置包括雷达装置和/或激光对位装置。可根据实际需求选择具体的车辆位置检测方式，检测方便可靠。
在其中一个实施例中，所述站控设备，还用于在确定所述目标车辆位于所述换电位置处后，激活与所述目标车辆绑定的客户端的换电权限。当目标车辆已经达到换电位置后，激活与目标车辆绑定的客户端的换电权限，以便驾驶员通过客户端发起换电请求。
在其中一个实施例中，所述站控设备包括站控主机和换电装置；所述站控主机，用于在检测到所述换电准备操作完成后，接收所述客户端发送的换电请求，所述换电请求包括需更换的目标电池的信息；所述站控主机，用于根据所述换电请求向所述换电装置发送换电指令；所述换电装置，用于根据所述换电指令执行所述换电操作。站控主机根据客户端发送的换电请求，生成换电指令下发给换电装置，由换电装置根据换电指令对目标车辆进行换电，实现根据换电需求对车辆的自主换电控制。
在其中一个实施例中，所述换电装置，用于根据所述换电指令中的目标电池的数量N从电池仓中获取更换电池，采用所述更换电池更换所述目标电池。换电装置结合实际所需更换电池数量从电池仓选取电池进行更换，更加符合实际换电需求。
在其中一个实施例中，所述换电装置，用于在所述目标电池的数量小于所述目标车辆的电池总数量P时，从所述电池仓中获取N个更换电池和M个空包电池；所述更换电池的电量大于预设电量阈值且所述更换电池的SOC小于预设SOC阈值，其中，N+M＝P。当需要对目标车辆进行部分电池更换时，换电装置选择对应数量符合要求的更换电池之外，还选择相应数量的空包电池对目标车辆的所有电池进行更换，避免对车辆仅进行部分电池更换，因更 换电池与未更换电池之间的电压差而影响供电安全，提高车辆换电的安全性。
在其中一个实施例中，所述换电装置，用于在所述目标电池的数量等于所述目标车辆的电池总数量P时，从所述电池仓中获取P个更换电池；所述更换电池的电量大于预设电量阈值且所述更换电池的SOC小于预设SOC阈值。当需要对车辆进行全部电池更换时，换电装置从电池仓选择符合要求的更换电池对车辆中的电池进行全部更换，确保对车辆的供电安全。
在其中一个实施例中，所述站控设备，还用于接收所述目标车辆上报的车辆状态信息，并根据所述车辆状态信息确定所述换电准备操作是否完成。站控设备在输出引导信息后与目标车辆保持通信，获取目标车辆的车辆状态信息分析换电准备操作是否完成，以便在换电准备操作完成后自动对目标车辆执行换电操作。
在其中一个实施例中，所述站控设备，还用于在检测到所述换电准备操作完成后，对所述目标车辆进行上高压限制处理。站控设备在换电准备操作完成后对目标车辆进行上高压限制处理，避免车辆在电池更换过程中误触发上高压操作，提高换电操作的安全性。
在其中一个实施例中，所述换电系统还包括电池获取装置和移动装置；
所述站控设备，用于控制所述电池获取装置从电池仓中取出更换电池，并将所述更换电池放置于所述移动装置中；
所述站控设备，还用于控制所述移动装置将所述更换电池运送至所述目标车辆的换电位置。
站控设备在执行换电操作时，通过控制电池获取装置从电池仓中取出更换电池，并由移动装置将更换电池运送至车辆的换电位置，实现自动电池选取，方便对车辆进行电池更换。
在其中一个实施例中，所述换电系统还包括出站闸机；
所述站控设备，还用于在完成所述换电操作后，将所述更换电池的信息发送至所述目标车辆，以供所述目标车辆根据所述更换电池的信息与所述更换电池建立通信连接后，对所述更换电池进行更换自检；
所述站控设备，还用于在接收到所述目标车辆发送的更换成功信息之后，控制所述出站闸机开闸。
站控设备在电池更换完之后下发更换电池的信息发送至目标车辆，在目标车辆上报更换成功信息之后，确认电池更换执行成功，控制出站闸机开闸，以便车辆驶离换电站。
在其中一个实施例中，所述站控设备，还用于在接收到所述目标车辆发送的更换失败信息之后，再次执行所述换电操作。如果电池更换失败，则站控设备再次重新选取电池到车辆的换电位置再次进行换电，提高车辆换电成功率。
在其中一个实施例中，所述站控设备，还用于在所述换电操作的执行次数超过预设次数阈值，或者，在所述换电操作的执行时长超过预设时长阈值后，控制所述出站闸机开闸，并控制所述信息输出装置输出提示信息，所述提示信息用于提示驾驶员驶离换电站。在车辆换电超过预设次数或车辆换电执行时长超过预设时长时，控制出站闸机开闸并提示车辆驶离换电站，避免影响对下一车辆进行换电。
本申请的一个或多个实施例的细节在下面的附图和描述中提出。本申请的其它特征、目的和优点将从说明书、附图以及权利要求书变得明显。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本申请实施例或现有技术中的技术方案，下面将对实施例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本申请的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其它的附图。
图1为一实施例中换电系统的应用场景示意图；
图2为一实施例中换电系统的结构示意图；
图3为另一实施例中换电系统的结构示意图；
图4为又一实施例中换电系统的结构示意图；
图5为一实施例中站控设备的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
下面将结合附图对本申请技术方案的实施例进行详细的描述。以下实施例仅用于更加清楚地说明本申请的技术方案，因此只作为示例，而不能以此来限制本申请的保护范围。
除非另有定义，本文所使用的所有的技术和科学术语与属于本申请的技术领域的技术人员通常理解的含义相同；本文中所使用的术语只是为了描述具体的实施例的目的，不是旨在于限制本申请；本申请的说明书和权利要求书及上述附图说明中的术语“包括”和“具有”以及它们的任何变形，意图在于覆盖不排他的包含。
在本申请实施例的描述中，技术术语“第一”“第二”等仅用于区别不同对象，而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性或者隐含指明所指示的技术特征的数量、特定顺序或主次关系。在本申请实施例的描述中，“多个”的含义是两个以上，除非另有明确具体的限定。
在本文中提及“实施例”意味着，结合实施例描述的特定特征、结构或特性可以包含在本申请的至少一个实施例中。在说明书中的各个位置出现该短语并不一定均是指相同的实施例，也不是与其它实施例互斥的独立的或备选的实施例。本领域技术人员显式地和隐式地理解的是，本文所描述的实施例可以与其它实施例相结合。
在本申请实施例的描述中，术语“和/或”仅仅是一种描述关联对象的关联关系，表示可以存在三种关系，例如A和/或B，可以表示：单独存在A，同时存在A和B，单独存在B这三种情况。另外，本文中字符“/”，一般表示前后关联对象是一种“或”的关系。
在本申请实施例的描述中，术语“多个”指的是两个以上(包括两个)，同理，“多组”指的是两组以上(包括两组)，“多片”指的是两片以上(包括两片)。
在本申请实施例的描述中，技术术语“中心”“纵向”“横向”“长度”“宽度”“厚度”“上”“下”“前”“后”“左”“右”“竖直”“水平”“顶”“底”“内”“外”“顺时针”“逆时针”“轴向”“径向”“周向”等指示的方位或位置关系为基于附图所示的方位或位置关系，仅是为了便于描述本申请实施例和简化描述，而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作，因此不能理解为对本申请实施例的限制。
在本申请实施例的描述中，除非另有明确的规定和限定，技术术语“安装”“相连”“连接”“固定”等术语应做广义理解，例如，可以是固定连接，也可以是可拆卸连接，或成一体；也可以是机械连接，也可以是电连接；可以是直接相连，也可以通过中间媒介间接相连，可以是两个元件内部的连通或两个元件的相互作用关系。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以根据具体情况理解上述术语在本申请实施例中的具体含义。
随着科技的发展和社会的不断进步，动力电池的应用领域不断扩展，不仅被应用于电动自行车、电动摩托车、电动汽车等电动交通工具，还被应用于军事装备和航空航天等多个领域。动力电池即为工具提供动力来源的电源，多采用阀口密封式铅酸蓄电池、敞口式管式铅酸蓄电池以及磷酸铁锂蓄电池，具有高能量和高功率、高能量密度等特点。以电动汽车为例，在电动汽车的使用过程中，需要进入换电站进行电池更换，以确保车内电池的续航里程和动力满足需求。
传统的换电过程中需要通过工作人员与驾驶员当面沟通，指导驾驶员进行换电前的准备操作，十分不便。基于此，本申请提出一种换电系统，包括站控设备以及信息输出装置，站控设备通过信息输出装置输出引导信息，引导目标车辆的驾驶员完成换电准备操作，并在检测到换电准备操作完成后，对目标车辆进行换电操作，无需换电站人员与驾驶员当面沟通进行指导，提高了换电操作便利性。
本申请实施例提供的换电系统，可以应用于如图1所示的应用环境中。其中，客户端300、站控设备110通过网络与云服务器130进行通信，车辆 200与站控设备110通信。具体地，云服务器130根据目标车辆的图像信息获取车辆标识和目标车辆的通信信息下发给站控设备110，站控设备110根据车辆标识对目标车辆进行验证，验证通过后根据通信信息与目标车辆建立通信连接，获取目标车辆的电池信息进行电池合法性验证，并在验证通过后通过信息输出装置输出引导信息，引导目标车辆的驾驶员完成换电准备操作。站控设备110在检测到换电准备操作完成后，根据客户端300发送的换电请求对目标车辆进行换电操作。其中，站控设备110可以是一个或多个控制设备的集合，云服务器130可以用独立的服务器或者是多个服务器组成的服务器集群来实现。客户端300可以但不限于是各种个人计算机、笔记本电脑、智能手机、平板电脑和便携式可穿戴设备，便携式可穿戴设备可为智能手表、智能手环、头戴设备等。
在一个实施例中，如图2所示，提供了一种换电系统，包括站控设备110以及信息输出装置120，站控设备110用于控制信息输出装置120输出引导信息；站控设备110还用于在检测到换电准备操作完成后，对目标车辆进行换电操作。
其中，引导信息用于引导目标车辆的驾驶员完成换电准备操作。当需要对目标车辆进行换电操作时，站控设备110控制信息输出装置120输出引导信息，引导目标车辆的驾驶员完成换电准备操作并检测车辆的状态，当确定目标车辆完成换电准备操作后，执行对目标车辆的换电操作。信息输出装置120的具体结构并不唯一，根据信息输出装置120的结构不同，输出引导信息的方式也对应有所不同。具体地，信息输出装置120可以包括指示灯、扬声器、换电站显示屏中的一种或多种。进一步地，在通过换电站显示屏输出信息时，可以是在屏幕显示文字、图案中的一种或两种对驾驶员进行指引，引导驾驶员对目标车辆进行换电准备操作。可以理解，换电准备操作的具体内容也并不唯一，可根据实际需求进行设置。在驾驶员进行换电准备操作的过程中，站控设备110与目标车辆进行通信检测车辆状态，在根据车辆状态判断目标车辆换电准备操作完成后，对目标车辆进行换电操作。
上述换电系统，站控设备110通过信息输出装置120输出引导信息，引导目标车辆的驾驶员完成换电准备操作，并在检测到换电准备操作完成后，对目标车辆进行换电操作，无需换电站人员与驾驶员当面沟通进行指导，提高了换电操作便利性。
在一个实施例中，如图3所示，换电系统还包括：信息采集装置140和云服务器130。其中，信息采集装置140用于采集目标车辆的图像信息，将图像信息发送至云服务器130；云服务器130用于根据图像信息获取目标车辆的车辆标识，并将车辆标识发送至站控设备110；站控设备110还用于根据目标车辆的车辆标识对目标车辆进行验证，并在验证通过后控制信息输出装置120输出引导信息。
信息采集装置140采集目标车辆的图像信息的方式不是唯一的，可以通过摄像或扫描设备等进行图像信息的采集。具体地，信息采集装置140可采用抓拍机，通过抓拍机拍摄得到目标车辆的图像信息上传到云服务器130，云服务器130对目标车辆的图像信息进行分析提取得到目标车辆的车辆标识，将车辆标识下发到站控设备110进行车辆身份验证。车辆标识指车辆的唯一身份标识信息，用于对车辆进行身份认证。车辆标识的具体类型也并不唯一，可以是获取车辆的车牌号作为车辆标识，也可以是根据车辆的车牌号获取相关联的信息作为车辆标识。具体地，可在云服务器130保存车牌号以及相应的关联信息，关联信息可以包括车辆的相关信息，还可以包括车辆上安装的电池的相关信息。车辆的相关信息可以包括车辆通信地址信息和车辆VIN(Vehicle Identification Number，车辆识别码)码等，车辆通信地址信息可以是蓝牙地址信息、WIFI地址信息等，车辆上安装的电池的相关信息可以包括电池编码、电池通信地址等。在进行车辆身份认证时，可根据实际情况选择具体的信息作为车辆标识进行车辆身份认证操作。
上述实施例中，通过信息采集装置140采集目标车辆的图像信息，再由云服务器130根据图像信息获取目标车辆的车辆标识发送至站控设备110，通过站控设备110根据车辆标识对目标车辆进行验证，并在验证通过后控制 信息输出装置120输出引导信息，避免非法车辆进入换电站进行换电，提高车辆换电的安全性。
在一个实施例中，云服务器130用于根据图像信息获取车牌信息，并根据车牌信息获取目标车辆的VIN码，并将VIN码作为车辆标识发送至站控设备110。其中，VIN码包含有车辆的生产厂家、年代、车型等信息。在云服务器130保存车牌号以及关联的VIN码，云服务器130根据拍摄得到的车牌信息提取目标车辆的VIN码下发给站控设备110进行车辆身份验证，分析目标车辆是否为注册车辆。例如，站控设备110可以是检测VIN码是否在预设的注册车辆名单中，如果VIN码在注册车辆名单中，则认为目标车辆为注册车辆，目标车辆验证通过。利用车牌信息获取目标车辆的VIN码进行车辆验证，认证简便快捷，可提高认证效率。
此外，在一个实施例中，云服务器130还用于根据图像信息获取目标车辆的通信信息，并将通信信息发送至站控设备110；站控设备110用于根据通信信息与目标车辆建立通信连接。通信信息具体可以是蓝牙地址信息、WIFI地址信息等。具体地，以通信信息为蓝牙地址信息为例，在云服务器130还保存有车牌号以及关联的车辆蓝牙地址信息，云服务器130根据拍摄得到的车牌信息还同步提取到目标车辆的蓝牙地址信息下发给站控设备110，以供站控设备110根据蓝牙地址信息与目标车辆建立蓝牙通信连接。本实施例中，云服务器130根据图像信息获取目标车辆的通信信息，站控设备110根据通信信息与目标车辆建立通信连接，以便后续与目标车辆进行数据通信。
进一步地，在一个实施例中，如图4所示，换电系统还包括进站闸机150。站控设备110用于基于通信连接接收目标车辆发送的电池信息，根据电池信息对目标车辆的电池进行合法性验证，并在验证通过后，控制进站闸机150开闸。
其中，电池信息指电池的唯一标识信息，用作对目标车辆上的电池进行合法性验证。电池信息可以是电池编码、电池通信地址等。具体地，可将信息采集装置140设置在进站闸机150处，获取目标车辆的图像信息上传给云 服务器130，云服务器130根据拍摄得到的车牌信息提取目标车辆的VIN码和车辆蓝牙地址信息下发给站控设备110，站控设备110在结合VIN码分析确认目标车辆为注册车辆后，根据车辆蓝牙地址信息与车辆建立蓝牙通信，获取目标车辆发送的电池信息，根据电池信息对目标车辆的电池进行合法性验证，例如，站控设备110可以是检测电池信息是否在预设的出厂电池名单中，如果电池信息在出厂电池名单中，则认为电池合法。在电池合法性验证通过后，站控设备110控制进站闸机150开闸，允许目标车辆驶入换电站。
上述实施例中，在对目标车辆进行验证后，还结合获取到的电池信息对目标车辆的电池进行合法性验证，在电池验证通过后控制进站闸机150开闸，允许目标车辆进入换电站进行换电。同时结合车辆标识和电池信息进行认证，避免车牌与车辆标识、电池信息，与记录的信息不一致的情况，提高换电安全性。
在一个实施例中，如图3和图4所示，换电系统还包括对位识别装置160。对位识别装置160用于采集目标车辆的位置信息，并将位置信息发送至站控设备110；站控设备110还用于在根据位置信息确定目标车辆位于换电位置处后，控制信息输出装置120输出引导信息。其中，对位识别装置160的类型也不是唯一的，具体可包括雷达装置和/或激光对位装置，可根据实际需求选择具体的车辆位置检测方式，使检测方便可靠。
以对位识别装置160同时包括雷达装置和激光对位装置为例，可将雷达装置设置在进站闸机150，将激光对位装置设置在换电位置。进站闸机150处的雷达检测目标车辆的位置并上报给站控设备110，激光对位装置用作对车辆轮胎进行V槽激光对位检测，站控设备110在根据雷达的感应信号判断车辆进入换电位置，且根据激光对位装置的检测信号判断车辆完成对位后，站控设备110控制信息输出装置120输出引导信息，引导驾驶员进行换电准备操作。
上述实施例中，站控设备110在根据位置信息确认目标车辆位于换电位置处后，再控制信息输出装置120输出引导信息，引导目标车辆的驾驶员进 行换电准备操作，以便在完成换电准备操作后对车辆进行换电。
在一个实施例中，站控设备110还用于在确定目标车辆位于换电位置处后，激活与目标车辆绑定的客户端的换电权限。具体地，站控设备110在确定目标车辆位于换电位置处后，还通过云服务器130转发控制指令至与目标车辆绑定的客户端，激活客户端上APP(Application，应用程序)的换电权限。可以理解，在确定目标车辆位于换电位置处后，站控设备110激活客户端的换电权限，与控制信息输出装置120输出引导信息可以是同步进行，也可以是不同步进行，只要在进行换电操作之前激活客户端的换电权限即可。当目标车辆已经达到换电位置后，激活与目标车辆绑定的客户端的换电权限，以便驾驶员通过客户端发起换电请求。
进一步地，在一个实施例中，如图5所示，站控设备110包括站控主机112和换电装置114。站控主机112用于在检测到换电准备操作完成后，接收客户端发送的换电请求，站控主机112还用于根据换电请求向换电装置114发送换电指令；换电装置114用于根据换电指令执行换电操作。
其中，换电请求包括需更换的目标电池的信息，目标电池的信息可包括电池位置、电池数量等信息。换电装置114的类型也并不唯一，具体可采用PLC(Programmable Logic Controller，可编程逻辑控制器)。站控主机112连接换电装置114、信息输出装置120、进站闸机150和对位识别装置160，并与云服务器130通信。站控主机112用作进行车辆验证和电池合法性验证，控制进站闸机150的开闭，以及控制信息输出装置120输出引导信息。在检测到换电准备操作完成后，站控主机112根据客户端发送的换电请求，发送换电指令给换电装置114，控制换电装置114执行换电操作。
上述实施例中，站控主机112根据客户端发送的换电请求，生成换电指令下发给换电装置114，由换电装置114根据换电指令对目标车辆进行换电，实现根据换电需求对车辆的自主换电控制。
在一个实施例中，换电装置114用于根据换电指令中的目标电池的数量N从电池仓中获取更换电池，采用更换电池更换目标电池。换电装置114根 据换电指令确定需要更换的电池数量，结合实际所需更换电池数量从电池仓选取电池进行更换，更加符合实际换电需求。
进一步地，在一个实施例中，换电装置114用于在目标电池的数量小于目标车辆的电池总数量P时，从电池仓中获取N个更换电池和M个空包电池；
其中，更换电池的电量大于预设电量阈值且更换电池的SOC(State of Charge，电池荷电状态)小于预设SOC阈值，N+M＝P。空包电池即指未存储电能的电池，不具备供电功能。预设电量阈值和预设SOC阈值的具体取值并不唯一，可根据实际情况进行调整。本实施例中，预设SOC阈值为2％。当需要更换的电池数量N小于目标车辆的电池总数量P时，换电装置114控制相关设备从电池仓中获取N个更换电池，并选取目标车辆中除了目标电池之外的电池数量M所对应个数的空包电池，利用更换电池与空包电池对目标车辆的所有电池进行更换。例如，目标车辆装有两块电池时，如果目标电池为1个，则换电装置114选取1个更换电池和1个空包电池，对目标车辆上安装的两块电池同时进行更换。
上述实施例中，当需要对目标车辆进行部分电池更换时，换电装置114选择对应数量符合要求的更换电池之外，还选择相应数量的空包电池对目标车辆的所有电池进行更换，避免对车辆仅进行部分电池更换，因更换电池与未更换电池之间的电压差而影响供电安全，提高车辆换电的安全性。
此外，如果目标电池的数量为两个以上，换电装置114从电池仓中选择电量大于预设电量阈值、SOC小于预设SOC阈值且电池之间电压差小于设定压差阈值的电池作为更换电池，进一步地提高更换电池的供电稳定性。其中，设定压差阈值的具体取值也并不是唯一的，本实施例中，设定压差阈值为5V。
在另一个实施例中，换电装置114用于在目标电池的数量等于目标车辆的电池总数量P时，从电池仓中获取P个更换电池。
其中，更换电池的电量大于预设电量阈值且更换电池的SOC小于预设SOC阈值。如果需要对目标车辆中的全部电池进行更换，则换电装置114从电池仓中选择相应数量的更换电池。同样地，如果更换电池的数量为两个以 上，换电装置114从电池仓中选择电量大于预设电量阈值、SOC小于预设SOC阈值且电池之间电压差小于设定压差阈值的电池作为更换电池。
上述实施例中，当需要对车辆进行全部电池更换时，换电装置114从电池仓选择符合要求的更换电池对车辆中的电池进行全部更换，确保对车辆的供电安全。
在一个实施例中，站控设备110还用于接收目标车辆上报的车辆状态信息，并根据车辆状态信息确定换电准备操作是否完成。具体地，在驾驶员根据引导信息进行换电准备操作的过程中，站控设备110中的站控主机112与目标车辆保持蓝牙通信，获取目标车辆上报的车辆状态信息，在根据车辆状态信息判断相关的操作项目均执行完成后，则确定换电准备操作完成。其中，操作项目可包括车辆下高压、车辆断开与电池的通信连接、车辆档位挂入N档、方向盘回正、松开制动踏板和关车门中的至少一种。
上述实施例中，站控设备110在输出引导信息后与目标车辆保持通信，获取目标车辆的车辆状态信息分析换电准备操作是否完成，以便在换电准备操作完成后自动对目标车辆执行换电操作。
在一个实施例中，站控设备110还用于在检测到换电准备操作完成后，对目标车辆进行上高压限制处理。具体地，站控设备110中的站控主机112在根据车辆状态信息判断换电准备操作完成后，通过蓝牙通信发送指令至目标车辆，对目标车辆进行上高压限制处理，然后根据客户端发送的换电请求，向换电装置114发送换电指令，控制换电装置114执行换电操作。本实施例中，站控设备110在换电准备操作完成后对目标车辆进行上高压限制处理，避免车辆在电池更换过程中误触发上高压操作，提高换电操作的安全性。
在一个实施例中，如图4所示，换电系统还包括电池获取装置170和移动装置180。站控设备110用于控制电池获取装置170从电池仓中取出更换电池，并将更换电池放置于移动装置180中；站控设备110还用于控制移动装置180将更换电池运送至目标车辆的换电位置。
其中，电池获取装置170可采用码垛机，移动装置180可采用RGV(Rail  Guided Vehicle，有轨制导车辆)小车或AGV(Automated Guided Vehicle，自动导引运输车)小车。具体地，站控设备110中的换电装置114连接电池获取装置170和移动装置180，换电装置114在确定需要更换的目标电池的数量之后，控制电池获取装置170从电池仓中取出相应数量且满足要求的更换电池放到移动装置180，换电装置114再控制移动装置180将更换电池运送至目标车辆的换电位置。
上述实施例中，站控设备在执行换电操作时，通过控制电池获取装置从电池仓中取出更换电池，并由移动装置将更换电池运送至车辆的换电位置，实现自动电池选取，方便对车辆进行电池更换。
在一个实施例中，继续参照图4，换电系统还包括出站闸机190。站控设备110还用于在完成换电操作后，将更换电池的信息发送至目标车辆，以供目标车辆根据更换电池的信息与更换电池建立通信连接后，对更换电池进行更换自检；站控设备110还用于在接收到目标车辆发送的更换成功信息之后，控制出站闸机190开闸。其中，更换电池的信息可包括更换电池的位置和通信信息，通信信息具体可以是电池蓝牙MAC(Media Access Control，媒体存取控制)地址。站控主机112在换电装置114完成换电操作后，通过蓝牙通信将更换电池的信息发送至目标车辆，目标车辆根据接收的信息与更换电池建立蓝牙通信并进行更换自检，在自检成功后反馈更换成功信息至站控主机112，站控主机112控制出站闸机190开闸。
上述实施例中，站控设备110在电池更换完之后下发更换电池的信息发送至目标车辆，在目标车辆上报更换成功信息之后，确认电池更换执行成功，控制出站闸机190开闸，以便车辆驶离换电站。
在一个实施例中，站控设备110还用于在接收到目标车辆发送的更换失败信息之后，再次执行换电操作。具体地，站控主机112若接收到目标车辆发送的更换失败信息，则判定本次电池更换失败，控制换电装置114再执行一次换电操作，从电池仓选择相应数量的更换电池对目标车辆进行电池更换。本实施例中，如果电池更换失败，则站控设备110再次重新选取电池到车辆 的换电位置再次进行换电，提高车辆换电成功率。
此外，在一个实施例中，站控设备110还用于在换电操作的执行次数超过预设次数阈值，或者，在换电操作的执行时长超过预设时长阈值后，控制出站闸机190开闸，并控制信息输出装置120输出提示信息。
其中，提示信息用于提示驾驶员驶离换电站。预设次数阈值和预设时长阈值的取值也不是唯一的，例如，预设次数阈值具体可设置为2次。站控主机112在对目标车辆执行超过预设次数阈值的换电操作，或者对目标车辆的电池更换总时长超过预设时长阈值时，控制出站闸机190开闸，并通过信息输出装置120输出提示信息，提醒目标车辆的驾驶员驶离换电站。本实施例中，在车辆换电超过预设次数或车辆换电执行时长超过预设时长时，控制出站闸机190开闸并提示车辆驶离换电站，避免影响对下一车辆进行换电。
以上实施例的各技术特征可以进行任意的组合，为使描述简洁，未对上述实施例中的各个技术特征所有可能的组合都进行描述，然而，只要这些技术特征的组合不存在矛盾，都应当认为是本说明书记载的范围。
以上实施例仅表达了本申请的几种实施方式，其描述较为具体和详细，但并不能因此而理解为对发明专利范围的限制。应当指出的是，对于本领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本申请构思的前提下，还可以做出若干变形和改进，这些都属于本申请的保护范围。因此，本申请专利的保护范围应以所附权利要求为准。

Claims (18)

  1. 一种换电系统，其特征在于，所述换电系统包括站控设备以及信息输出装置；
    所述站控设备，用于控制所述信息输出装置输出引导信息，所述引导信息用于引导目标车辆的驾驶员完成换电准备操作；
    所述站控设备，还用于在检测到所述换电准备操作完成后，对所述目标车辆进行换电操作。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的换电系统，其特征在于，所述换电系统还包括：信息采集装置和云服务器；
    信息采集装置，用于采集所述目标车辆的图像信息，将所述图像信息发送至所述云服务器；
    所述云服务器，用于根据所述图像信息获取目标车辆的车辆标识，并将所述车辆标识发送至所述站控设备；
    所述站控设备，还用于根据所述目标车辆的车辆标识对所述目标车辆进行验证，并在验证通过后控制所述信息输出装置输出所述引导信息。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的换电系统，其特征在于，所述云服务器，用于根据所述图像信息获取车牌信息，并根据所述车牌信息获取所述目标车辆的VIN码，并将所述VIN码作为所述车辆标识发送至所述站控设备。
  4. 根据权利要求2或3任一项所述的换电系统，其特征在于，
    所述云服务器，还用于根据所述图像信息获取所述目标车辆的通信信息，并将所述通信信息发送至所述站控设备；
    所述站控设备，用于根据所述通信信息与所述目标车辆建立通信连接。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的换电系统，其特征在于，所述换电系统还包括进站闸机；
    所述站控设备，用于基于所述通信连接接收所述目标车辆发送的电池信 息，根据所述电池信息对所述目标车辆的电池进行合法性验证，并在验证通过后，控制所述进站闸机开闸。
  6. 根据权利要求1-5任意一项所述的换电系统，其特征在于，所述换电系统还包括对位识别装置；
    所述对位识别装置，用于采集所述目标车辆的位置信息，并将所述位置信息发送至所述站控设备；
    所述站控设备，还用于在根据所述位置信息确定所述目标车辆位于换电位置处后，控制所述信息输出装置输出所述引导信息。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的换电系统，其特征在于，所述对位识别装置包括雷达装置和/或激光对位装置。
  8. 根据权利要求6所述的换电系统，其特征在于，
    所述站控设备，还用于在确定所述目标车辆位于所述换电位置处后，激活与所述目标车辆绑定的客户端的换电权限。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的换电系统，其特征在于，所述站控设备包括站控主机和换电装置；
    所述站控主机，用于在检测到所述换电准备操作完成后，接收所述客户端发送的换电请求，所述换电请求包括需更换的目标电池的信息；
    所述站控主机，用于根据所述换电请求向所述换电装置发送换电指令；
    所述换电装置，用于根据所述换电指令执行所述换电操作。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的换电系统，其特征在于，
    所述换电装置，用于根据所述换电指令中的目标电池的数量N从电池仓中获取更换电池，采用所述更换电池更换所述目标电池。
  11. 根据权利要求10所述的换电系统，其特征在于，所述换电装置，用于在所述目标电池的数量小于所述目标车辆的电池总数量P时，从所述电池仓中获取N个更换电池和M个空包电池；所述更换电池的电量大于预设电量阈值且所述更换电池的SOC小于预设SOC阈值，其中，N+M＝P。
  12. 根据权利要求10所述的换电系统，其特征在于，所述换电装置，用 于在所述目标电池的数量等于所述目标车辆的电池总数量P时，从所述电池仓中获取P个更换电池；所述更换电池的电量大于预设电量阈值且所述更换电池的SOC小于预设SOC阈值。
  13. 根据权利要求1所述的换电系统，其特征在于，
    所述站控设备，还用于接收所述目标车辆上报的车辆状态信息，并根据所述车辆状态信息确定所述换电准备操作是否完成。
  14. 根据权利要求1所述的换电系统，其特征在于，
    所述站控设备，还用于在检测到所述换电准备操作完成后，对所述目标车辆进行上高压限制处理。
  15. 根据权利要求1所述的换电系统，其特征在于，所述换电系统还包括电池获取装置和移动装置；
    所述站控设备，用于控制所述电池获取装置从电池仓中取出更换电池，并将所述更换电池放置于所述移动装置中；
    所述站控设备，还用于控制所述移动装置将所述更换电池运送至所述目标车辆的换电位置。
  16. 根据权利要求15所述的换电系统，其特征在于，所述换电系统还包括出站闸机；
    所述站控设备，还用于在完成所述换电操作后，将所述更换电池的信息发送至所述目标车辆，以供所述目标车辆根据所述更换电池的信息与所述更换电池建立通信连接后，对所述更换电池进行更换自检；
    所述站控设备，还用于在接收到所述目标车辆发送的更换成功信息之后，控制所述出站闸机开闸。
  17. 根据权利要求16所述的换电系统，其特征在于，所述站控设备，还用于在接收到所述目标车辆发送的更换失败信息之后，再次执行所述换电操作。
  18. 根据权利要求17所述的换电系统，其特征在于，所述站控设备，还用于在所述换电操作的执行次数超过预设次数阈值，或者，在所述换电操作 的执行时长超过预设时长阈值后，控制所述出站闸机开闸，并控制所述信息输出装置输出提示信息，所述提示信息用于提示驾驶员驶离换电站。
PCT/CN2022/085559 2022-04-07 2022-04-07 换电系统 WO2023193187A1 (zh)

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