WO2023185472A1 - 具有插针固定环的电连接器 - Google Patents

具有插针固定环的电连接器 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023185472A1
WO2023185472A1 PCT/CN2023/081572 CN2023081572W WO2023185472A1 WO 2023185472 A1 WO2023185472 A1 WO 2023185472A1 CN 2023081572 W CN2023081572 W CN 2023081572W WO 2023185472 A1 WO2023185472 A1 WO 2023185472A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
terminal
electrical connector
pin
pin terminal
fixing ring
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2023/081572
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
王睿
孙德刚
Original Assignee
菲尼克斯亚太电气（南京）有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Publication date
Application filed by 菲尼克斯亚太电气（南京）有限公司 filed Critical 菲尼克斯亚太电气（南京）有限公司
Publication of WO2023185472A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023185472A1/zh

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R13/00—Details of coupling devices of the kinds covered by groups H01R12/70 or H01R24/00 - H01R33/00
    • H01R13/02—Contact members
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R13/00—Details of coupling devices of the kinds covered by groups H01R12/70 or H01R24/00 - H01R33/00
    • H01R13/40—Securing contact members in or to a base or case; Insulating of contact members

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the field of electrical connection technology, and more particularly, to an electrical connector having a pin retaining ring.
  • Electric connectors are widely used in various industrial fields, such as vehicle connectors in automotive electronic and electrical architecture, and energy storage connectors in photovoltaic power generation systems.
  • Electrical connectors typically include a plastic outer housing and terminals mounted within the housing. After the terminal is inserted into the housing, the front and rear ends are electrically connected to other conductors through appropriate wiring techniques (for example, the front end of the terminal is plugged into the mating terminal, and the rear end of the terminal is crimped or bolted to the wire).
  • 1A shows a state of a socket connector for accommodating pin terminals after completion of wiring. The pin terminals 110 are used to be inserted into the plastic shell of the connector from the rear end of the socket connector 100, and then the socket connector The front end of 100 can be plugged into a mating connector (not shown).
  • Figure 1B shows the receptacle connector of Figure 1A from another perspective.
  • Figure 2 shows a pin terminal 110 that can be used in the application shown in Figure 1A. 1A, the cross-sectional view of FIG. 1D, and the pin terminal of FIG. 2, the pin terminal 110 includes a front end 112 inserted into the socket connector 100, and a tail end 116 left outside the socket connector 100.
  • the tail portion 116 can be flat and provided with a threaded hole 118 , and a copper plate or other conductor with a threaded hole can be connected to the tail end of the socket terminal 110 through fastening elements such as bolts 120 .
  • the front end 112 of the pin terminal 110 can be divided into three sections, namely the positioning boss 113, the clamping section 114, and the plug connector section 115.
  • the positioning boss 113 is used to cooperate with the housing structure of the socket connector 100 to provide basic positioning.
  • the clamping section 114 may be provided with an annular clamping groove 1141 for engaging with the elastic buckle introduced below in conjunction with FIG. 1C .
  • a cylindrical plug segment 115 is located at the end for establishing an electrical connection with a mating terminal in a mating connector.
  • FIG. 1C shows a view of the front end (ie, the end opposite the insertion end of the pin terminal) of this receptacle connector 100 .
  • 1D shows a cross-sectional view of the receptacle connector along the AA section in FIG. 1C
  • FIG. 1E shows an enlarged view of the portion indicated by the box in FIG. 1D.
  • the elastic buckle 130 is a cantilever structure extending from the inner wall of the cavity of the socket connector 100.
  • This cantilever It extends generally axially, and its free end includes a radially inwardly protruding snap-in protrusion 135.
  • the snap-in protrusion 135 is used to snap into the slot structure 1141 on the pin terminal, thereby fixing the plug. Function of pin terminal 110.
  • the section that physically connects the pin terminal 110 and the cavity of the socket connector 100 is divided into a rigid mating section 151 and an elastic mating section 152 :
  • the rigid mating section is formed by the rear jack of the terminal at the rear end of the socket connector 100
  • the depth of the pin terminal 110 is limited by the depth.
  • the body of the pin terminal 110 is in close contact with the inner wall of the rear socket of the terminal within the entire thickness range;
  • the elastic fitting section 152 is the section where the body of the pin terminal 110 comes into contact with the elastic buckle 130.
  • This section It can basically be defined by the extension length of the elastic buckle 130 in the axial direction.
  • the length of the rigid mating section 151 plus the length of the elastic mating section 152 is the total mating length between the pin terminal and the connector housing. For example, if the length of the rigid fitting section is 7.8mm and the length of the elastic fitting section is 6.3mm, the total fitting length is 14.1mm.
  • the bolt 120 shown in FIG. 1A is rotated by a torque tool to implement the wiring operation.
  • the pin terminal 110 may be caused to rock in the housing due to the force exerted by the tool, and the elastic buckle 130 may be deformed as the pins rock. After the elastic buckle 130 is deformed, the amount of interference between the buckle and the pins will be reduced, thereby increasing the risk of the pins falling off.
  • the pin terminal 110 shakes greatly during the installation process, the accuracy of the loading torque will be affected, thereby affecting the reliability of the electrical connection.
  • the pin terminals may also shake in the housing.
  • an electrical connector including a connector housing and a pin terminal installed in the connector housing.
  • the connector housing is provided with a terminal for inserting the pin terminal.
  • the electrical connector further includes a fixing ring for installation on the pin terminal, the fixing ring has a plurality of elastic pieces distributed along its circumference, and the terminal of the connector housing A plurality of steps distributed along the circumferential direction are provided at the outlet of the channel.
  • the end of the elastic piece forms a radial elastic load with the inner wall of the terminal channel at the groove space, thereby limiting or suppressing the physical shaking of the pin terminal. put one's oar in.
  • the arc length of each elastic piece is equal to the arc length of each step, thereby forming a physical interference that limits or inhibits the rotation of the pin terminal.
  • the fixing ring includes an annular or cylindrical body, and the plurality of elastic pieces are distributed circumferentially along the wall of the body.
  • the elastic piece is a cantilever structure connected to the body of the fixed ring.
  • the free end of the cantilever structure deflects outward along the radial direction of the body.
  • the fixed ring includes a front end and a rear end. end, when the fixed ring is installed on the pin terminal, the front end of the pin terminal corresponds to the front end of the fixed ring, and the free end of the cantilever structure is close to the rear end of the fixed ring.
  • the body of the fixed ring is circumferentially continuous and has an axially penetrating opening.
  • the body of the fixing ring is processed and bent from a continuous metal sheet, leaving an axially penetrating opening.
  • the front end of the pin terminal includes a clamping section, the clamping section has an annular groove, the axial length of the groove corresponds to the length of the fixing ring, for Positioning and installation of the retaining ring.
  • the front end of the pin terminal further includes a positioning boss on the rear side of the clamping section, and a plug connector section on the front side of the clamping section.
  • the elastic piece when the pin terminal begins to pass through the terminal channel, the elastic piece is pressed into the body of the fixing ring by the wall of the terminal channel.
  • the elastic piece When the pin terminal When inserted into a predetermined depth defined by the positioning boss, the elastic piece deflects outward and enters the groove space defined by the step.
  • the fixing ring is made of metal or engineering plastic.
  • the plug segment of the pin terminal is a male pin or a female pin.
  • FIG. 1A shows a state of a socket connector for accommodating pin terminals as a background technology of the present application after completion of wiring.
  • Figure 1B shows another perspective view of the connector of Figure 1A.
  • Figure 1C shows a view of the front end of the receptacle connector of Figure 1A.
  • FIG. 1D shows a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the receptacle connector in FIG. 1A.
  • Figure 1E shows a partial enlarged view of the longitudinal cross-sectional view of Figure 1D.
  • Figure 2 shows a pin terminal that can be used in the application of Figure 1A.
  • 3A shows an exploded view of an electrical connector with a pin fixing structure according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • Figures 3B and 3C show enlarged views of the retaining ring in Figure 3A.
  • Figure 4 shows a view of the front end of the housing in the electrical connector shown in Figure 3A.
  • FIG. 5A shows a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the electrical connector shown in FIG. 3A in an assembled state.
  • Figure 5B shows a partial enlarged view of the portion where the retaining ring shown in Figure 5A is located.
  • FIG. 3A an exploded view of an electrical connector 300 is described in accordance with an embodiment of the present application.
  • the electrical connector 10 may include a receptacle connector housing 300, pin terminals 400, and a retaining ring 500 for mounting on the pin terminals.
  • the outer contour of the connector housing 300 may be substantially consistent with the socket connector 100 shown in FIG. 1 .
  • Pin terminal 400 is configured for use in a similar manner to pin terminal 110 shown in FIG. 2 , but with structural adjustments for mounting retaining ring 500 .
  • the retaining ring 500 is placed over the receptacle terminal 400 and then inserted into the connector housing 300 .
  • the elastic pieces on the fixing ring 500 will cooperate with the step grooves on the connector housing 300, thereby preventing or inhibiting the pin terminal 400 from shaking in the connector housing 300.
  • the pin terminal 400 includes a front end portion 412 that is inserted into the receptacle connector 300 , and a rear end portion 416 that remains outside the receptacle connector 400 .
  • the tail end 416 can be flat and provided with a threaded hole 418 .
  • the front end 412 of the pin terminal 400 can be divided into three sections, namely the positioning boss 413, the clamping section 414, and the plug connector section 415.
  • the positioning boss 413 is used to cooperate with the housing structure of the socket connector 300 to provide basic positioning.
  • the clamping section 414 can be formed as a section of annular groove, the axial length of the groove corresponds to the length of the fixed ring 500, for positioning and installation of the fixed ring 500.
  • the fixing ring 500 includes an annular or cylindrical body 540 and has several elastic pieces distributed circumferentially along the wall of the body 540, for example, four elastic pieces 520 shown in FIG. 3 .
  • the elastic piece may be a cantilever structure connected to the body 540 of the fixed ring, and the free end of the cantilever structure is deflected outward along the radial direction of the body 540 .
  • the fixing ring 500 is preferably made of metal to provide sufficient elastic stress for the elastic piece.
  • the body 540 of the fixing ring 500 does not need to be circumferentially continuous. On the contrary, the body 540 may have a radially penetrating opening 530 to facilitate adjustment of the caliber of the body 540 and ease of installation.
  • the fixing ring 500 with the opening 530 can be processed and bent from a continuous metal sheet, but the processing method does not constitute a limitation on the structure of the fixing ring 500 of the present application.
  • An enlarged view of the retaining ring 500 can be seen more clearly in Figures 3B and 3C.
  • FIG. 4 shows a view of the front end of the connector housing 300 in the electrical connector 10 shown in FIG. 3A.
  • the connector housing 300 has a terminal channel for receiving the pin terminal 400 and allowing it to pass through.
  • At the outlet of the terminal channel that is, the end observed in Figure 4), there is a circumferential Several steps equidistantly distributed, for example, four steps 420 .
  • the arc length of each step 420 may be equal to or greater than the arc length of the elastic piece 520 on the fixed ring.
  • the end of the elastic piece 520 can be radially expanded to snap into the groove space left by the step 420, thereby limiting the pin
  • the terminal 400 shakes and rotates.
  • FIG. 5A shows a longitudinal sectional view of the assembled state of the electrical connector shown in FIG. 3A
  • FIG. 5B shows a partial enlarged view of the portion where the fixing ring 500 shown in FIG. 5A is located.
  • the body 540 of the fixed ring 500 It has a front end 541 and a rear end 542, wherein the free end of the outwardly deflected elastic piece of the fixing ring 500 is close to the rear end 542.
  • the pin terminal 400 is inserted into the rear end of the connector housing 300 (ie, the pin terminal 400 is inserted into the connector housing 300 from top to bottom in FIG. 3A ).
  • the pin terminal 400 begins to pass through the terminal channel defined by the connector housing 300, due to the limitation of the diameter of the channel, the elastic piece of the retaining ring 500 is pressed into the body 540 of the retaining ring by the wall of the channel.
  • the step 420 provides a release space for the end of the elastic piece 520, so the elastic piece 520 deflects outward and enters the The step 420 defines a groove space.
  • the end of the elastic piece 520 forms a radial elastic load with the inner wall of the terminal channel at the groove space.
  • the elastic piece 520 released by deflection thus forms a physical interference with the step 420.
  • One aspect of this interference is to limit or inhibit the shaking of the pin terminal. Specifically, when the pin terminal 400 is about to deviate from the terminal channel, When the axis swings, the elastic stress of the elastic piece 520 will offset the force causing the swing.
  • another aspect of this physical interference is to limit or inhibit the rotation of the pin terminal, because the step 420 can prevent the elastic piece 520 of the fixing ring 500 from rotating.
  • the fixing ring may be made of non-metal material, such as engineering plastic, as long as the cantilever structure based on this material can provide sufficient elastic restoring force to resist the shaking of the terminal.
  • the structure of the tail end portion 416 of the pin terminal 400 can have different forms according to the wiring technology to which it is applied.
  • the plug connector section 415 of the pin terminal 400 may be a male pin or a female pin.

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  • Connector Housings Or Holding Contact Members (AREA)
  • Details Of Connecting Devices For Male And Female Coupling (AREA)

Abstract

一种具有插针固定结构的连接器(10)，包括连接器壳体(300)和安装于连接器壳体(300)中的插针端子(400)，连接器壳体(300)设有用于装入插针端子(400)的端子通道，连接器(10)还包括用于安装于插针端子(400)上的固定环(500)，固定环(500)具有沿其周向分布的多个弹片(520)，连接器壳体(300)的端子通道的出口处设有沿周向分布的多个台阶(420)，装有固定环(500)的插针端子(400)穿过端子通道后，弹片(520)的末端径向展开以进入由台阶(420)提供的凹槽空间，从而限制或抑制插针端子(400)的晃动。

Description

具有插针固定环的电连接器 技术领域
本申请涉及电气连接技术领域，并且更具体地，涉及一种具有插针固定环的电连接器。
背景技术
电连接器(electric connector)被广泛应用于各种工业领域，例如汽车电子电气架构中的车辆连接器，以及光伏发电系统的储能连接器。
电连接器通常包括塑料外壳体以及安装于壳体内的端子。端子插入壳体后，前后两端分别通过适当的接线技术与其它导体构成电连接(例如，端子前端和对配端子插接，端子后端与导线压接或以螺栓方式连接)。图1A显示了一款用于容纳插针端子的插座连接器完成接线后的状态，其中，插针端子110用于从插座连接器100的后端插入连接器的塑壳中，然后插座连接器100的前端可以和对配连接器(未示出)插接在一起。图1B从另一视角显示了图1A中的插座连接器。
图2示出的一款插针端子110可用于图1A所示的应用中。结合图1A的外部视图、图1D的截面图、以及图2的插针端子，插针端子110包括插入插座连接器100的前端部112，以及留在插座连接器100外部的尾端部116。尾端部116可为扁平状，并设有螺纹孔118，进而可以通过螺栓120等紧固元件将铜牌或其它带有螺纹孔的导体连接到插座端子110的尾端。插针端子110的前端部112可分为三段，依次是定位凸台113，卡装段114，以及插接头段115。定位凸台113用于和插座连接器100的壳体结构配合，提供基本的定位。卡装段114可设有环状的卡槽1141，用于和下文结合图1C所介绍的弹性卡扣配合。圆柱状的插接头段115位于末端，用于和对配连接器中的对配端子建立电连接。
图1C显示了这款插座连接器100的前端(即和插针端子的插入端相对的另一端)的视图。如图1C所示，插座连接器100的用于容纳插针端子110的腔体内，有六片沿周向等距分布的弹性卡扣130。图1D显示插座连接器沿图1C中的A-A截面的截面图，图1E显示图1D中方框所示局部的放大图。如图1D和图1E所示，弹性卡扣130是一种从插座连接器100的腔体内壁延伸而出的悬臂结构，这种悬臂 大体轴向地延伸，其自由末端包括径向地朝内凸起的卡接凸起135，该卡接凸起135用于卡入插针端子上的卡槽结构1141内，从而起到固定插针端子110的作用。
进一步如图1E所示，插针端子110和插座连接器100的腔体产生物理连接的段分为刚性配合段151以及弹性配合段152：刚性配合段由插座连接器100尾端的端子后插孔的深度来限定，插针端子110的本体在整个厚度范围内和端子后插孔的内壁紧密接触；弹性配合段152则是插针端子110的本体和弹性卡扣130发生接触的段，该段基本可由弹性卡扣130在轴向上的延伸长度来限定。刚性配合段151的长度加上弹性配合段152的长度，就是插针端子与连接器壳体间总的配合长度。例如，刚性配合段长度为7.8mm，弹性配合段长度为6.3mm，则总的配合长度为14.1mm。
在实际应用中，通过扭力工具转动图1A所示的螺栓120，从而实现接线操作。但是，在使用扭力工具的过程中，由于工具所施加的力量的传递，可能带动插针端子110在壳体内晃动，而弹性卡扣130会随着插针的晃动而变形。弹性卡扣130变形后，会减少卡扣与插针间的干涉量，从而增加插针脱落的风险。此外，因插针端子110在安装过程中晃动较大，会影响加载扭矩的精准性，从而影响电连接的可靠性。
另外，在连接器的出货状态(插针端子插入连接器壳体，但尚未现场安装应用)，也可能发生插针在壳体内晃动的情况。
因此，希望能开发一种电连接器，其具有改进的插针固定结构，从而改善因插针端子在连接器壳体内的晃动而造成的失效风险。
发明内容
根据本申请的一个方面，提出一种电连接器，包括连接器壳体和安装于所述连接器壳体中的插针端子，所述连接器壳体设有用于装入插针端子的端子通道，其特征在于，所述电连接器还包括用于安装于所述插针端子上的固定环，所述固定环具有沿其周向分布的多个弹片，所述连接器壳体的端子通道的出口处设有沿周向分布的多个台阶，装有所述固定环的插针端子穿过所述端子通道后，所述弹片的末端径向展开以进入由所述台阶提供的凹槽空间。
上述的电连接器的实施方式中，所述弹片的末端在所述凹槽空间处形成与所述端子通道的内壁的径向的弹性加载，从而限制或抑制所述插针端子的晃动的物理干涉。
上述的电连接器的实施方式中，每个所述弹片的弧长和每个所述台阶的弧长相等，从而形成限制或抑制所述插针端子的转动的物理干涉。
上述的电连接器的实施方式中，所述固定环包括环状或筒状的本体，所述多个弹片沿所述本体的壁周向分布。
上述的电连接器的实施方式中，所述弹片是和所述固定环的本体连接的悬臂结构，所述悬臂结构的自由末端沿本体的径向向外偏转，所述固定环包括前端和后端，所述固定环安装在所述插针端子上时，所述插针端子的前端和所述固定环的前端对应，所述悬臂结构的自由末端靠近所述固定环的后端。
上述的电连接器的实施方式中，所述固定环的本体是周向连续的，且有一个轴向贯通的开口。
上述的电连接器的实施方式中，所述固定环的本体由连续的金属片材加工并弯折而成，并留有一个轴向贯通的开口。
上述的电连接器的实施方式中，所述插针端子的前端包括卡装段，所述卡装段具有环状槽，该槽的轴向长度和所述固定环的长度对应，以用于所述固定环的定位和安装。
上述的电连接器的实施方式中，所述插针端子的前端还包括所述卡装段后侧的定位凸台，和所述卡装段前侧的插接头段。
上述的电连接器的实施方式中，当所述插针端子开始穿过所述端子通道时，所述弹片被所述端子通道的壁压入所述固定环的本体，当所述插针端子被插入到由所述定位凸台限定的预定深度时，所述弹片向外偏转并进入由所述台阶定义的凹槽空间。
上述的电连接器的实施方式中，所述固定环是金属制成，或由工程塑料制成。
上述的电连接器的实施方式中，所述插针端子的插接头段是公端插针或者母端插针。
附图说明
为了进一步阐明本申请的各实施例，将参考附图来呈现本申请的各实施例的更具体的描述。应当理解，这些附图只描绘本申请的典型实施例，因此将不被认为是对本申请所要求保护范围的限制。
此外，应当理解，附图中示出了各个部件的主要连接关系，而非所有连接关系，并且附图中的部件以及连接不一定按实际中的比例进行绘制。
图1A显示作为本申请的背景技术的一款用于容纳插针端子的插座连接器完成接线后的状态。
图1B显示图1A的连接器的另一视角的视图。
图1C显示图1A中的插座连接器的前端的视图。
图1D显示图1A中的插座连接器的纵剖面图。
图1E显示图1D的纵剖面图的局部放大图。
图2显示能够用于图1A的应用中的一款插针端子。
图3A显示根据本申请的实施例的具有插针固定结构的电连接器的爆炸图。
图3B和图3C显示图3A中的固定环的放大图。
图4显示图3A所示的电连接器中的壳体前端的视图。
图5A显示图3A所示的电连接器的组装状态的纵剖面图。
图5B显示图5A中所示的固定环所在部分的局部放大图。
具体实施方式
下面的详细描述参照附图进行。附图以例示方式示出可实践所要求保护的主题的特定实施例。应当理解，以下具体实施例出于阐释的目的旨在对典型示例作出具体描述，但不应被理解成对本申请的限制；本领域技术人员在充分理解本申请精神主旨的前提下，可对所公开实施例作出适当的修改和调整，而不背离本申请所要求保护的主题的精神和范围。
在以下的详细描述中，阐述了众多具体细节以便提供对各个所描述的实施例的透彻理解。然而，对本领域的普通技术人员将显而易见的是，无需这些具体细节就可实践所描述的各种实施例。除非另外定义，否则在本文中所使用的技术和科学术语应具有与本公开所属领域的普通技术人员所通常理解的相同含义。
本申请的说明书和权利要求书中的术语“第一”、“第二”等并不意味着任何顺序、数量或重要性，而是仅用于区分不同的组件或特征。实施例是示例性的实现或示例。说明书中对“实施例”、“一个实施例”、“一些实施例”、“各种实施例”或“其他实施例”的引用意味着结合实施例描述的特定特征、构造或特性包括在本技术的至少一些实施例中，但不必是全部实施例。“实施例”、“一个实施例”、或“一些实施例”的各种出现并不一定都指代相同的实施例。来自一个实施例的元素或方面可与另一实施例的元素或方面组合。
下面结合附图对本申请作进一步的说明。
首先参考图3A，描述根据本申请的实施例的电连接器300的爆炸图。
如图3A所示，电连接器10可包括插座连接器壳体300，插针端子400，以及用于安装在插针端子上的固定环500。连接器壳体300的外轮廓可以和图1所示的插座连接器100基本一致。插针端子400被构造为以和图2所示的插针端子110类似的方式来使用，但其具有构造上的调整以用于安装固定环500。在组装电连接器10时，将固定环500套装在插座端子400上，然后将其插入连接器壳体300中。如下文所描述的，固定环500上的弹片将和连接器壳体300上的台阶槽相配合，从而避免或抑制插针端子400在连接器壳体300中的晃动。
如图3A所示，插针端子400包括插入插座连接器300的前端部412，以及留在插座连接器400外部的尾端部416。尾端部416可为扁平状，并设有螺纹孔418。插针端子400的前端部412可分为三段，依次是定位凸台413，卡装段414，以及插接头段415。定位凸台413用于和插座连接器300的壳体结构配合，提供基本的定位。卡装段414可形成为一段环状槽，槽的轴向长度和固定环500的长度相对应，以用于固定环500的定位和安装。
固定环500包括一个环状或筒状的本体540，并具有沿本体540的壁周向分布的若干个弹片，例如，图3所示的四个弹片520。弹片可以是和固定环的本体540连接的悬臂结构，该悬臂结构的自由末端沿本体540的径向向外偏转。固定环500优选为金属材质，从而为弹片提供足够的弹性应力。固定环500的本体540并不需要是周向连续的，相反，本体540可以有一个径向贯通的开口530，从而便于调整本体540的口径，且便于安装。具有开口530的固定环500可以由一个连续的金属片材加工并弯折而成，不过加工方法并不构成对本申请的固定环500的构造方面的限制。固定环500的放大示图可以从图3B和图3C中更为清楚地看到。
图4显示图3A所示的电连接器10中的连接器壳体300的前端的视图。如图4所示，连接器壳体300中具有用于容纳插针端子400并供其穿过的端子通道，在端子通道的出口(即图4所观察到的一端)，设有沿周向等距分布的若干台阶，例如，四个台阶420。每个台阶420的弧长可以等于或大于固定环上的弹片520的弧长。通过设置台阶420，使得装有固定环500的插针端子400穿过端子通道后，其弹片520的末端可以径向展开，从而卡入由台阶420所留出的凹槽空间，从而限制插针端子400的晃动以及转动。
图5A显示图3A所示的电连接器的组装状态的纵剖面图，图5B显示图5A中所示的固定环500所在部分的局部放大图。如图5B所示，固定环500的本体540 具有前端541和后端542，其中，固定环500的向外偏转的弹片的自由端靠近后端542。安装插针端子400时，可以首先将固定环500的本体540套设于插针端子400的卡装段414，即，将固定环500定位并安装于卡装段414所对应的环状槽中。随后，将插针端子400插入连接器壳体300的后端(即，在图3A中自上而下地把插针端子400插入连接器壳体300)。当插针端子400开始穿过由连接器壳体300所限定的端子通道时，由于通道的直径的限制，固定环500的弹片被通道的壁压入固定环的本体540。当插针端子被插入到如图5B所示的深度(此深度的定位可由定位凸台413来提供)时，台阶420为弹片520的末端提供了释放空间，因此弹片520向外偏转，进入由台阶420定义的凹槽空间，此时，弹片520的末端在该凹槽空间处形成与端子通道的内壁的径向的弹性加载。偏转释放的弹片520由此和台阶420形成了物理干涉，这种干涉的其中一方面体现为对插针端子的晃动的限制或抑制，具体而言，当插针端子400要发生偏离端子通道的轴心的摆动时，弹片520的弹性应力会抵消导致这种摆动的作用力。此外，可以理解，这种物理干涉的另一方面体现为对插针端子的转动的限制或抑制，因为台阶420可阻止固定环500的弹片520的转动。
上述实施例中，作为可行的变化例，固定环可以是非金属材质，例如由工程塑料制成的，只要基于这种材质的悬臂结构能提供足以对抗端子晃动的弹性回复力。
上述实施例中，作为可行的变化例，连接器壳体中可以有两个或更多的端子通道，因此可以插入两个或更多的插针端子。
上述实施例中，插针端子400的尾端部416所具有的结构可依其所适用的接线技术而具有不同的形式。
上述实施例中，插针端子400的插接头段415可以是公端插针或者母端插针。
上文已对本申请的基本概念做了描述。显然，对于本领域技术人员来说，上述披露仅仅作为示例，而并不构成对本申请的限定。虽然此处并没有明确说明，本领域技术人员可能会对本申请进行各种修改、改进和修正。该类修改、改进和修正在本申请中被建议，所以该类修改、改进、修正仍属于本申请实施例的精神和范围。

Claims (12)

  1. 一种电连接器，包括连接器壳体和安装于所述连接器壳体中的插针端子，所述连接器壳体设有用于装入插针端子的端子通道，其特征在于，
    所述电连接器还包括用于安装于所述插针端子上的固定环，所述固定环具有沿其周向分布的多个弹片，
    所述连接器壳体的端子通道的出口处设有沿周向分布的多个台阶，
    装有所述固定环的插针端子穿过所述端子通道后，所述弹片的末端径向展开以进入由所述台阶提供的凹槽空间。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的电连接器，其特征在于，所述弹片的末端在所述凹槽空间处形成与所述端子通道的内壁的径向的弹性加载，从而限制或抑制所述插针端子的晃动的物理干涉。
  3. 如权利要求1所述的电连接器，其特征在于，每个所述弹片的弧长和每个所述台阶的弧长相等，从而形成限制或抑制所述插针端子的转动的物理干涉。
  4. 如权利要求1所述的电连接器，其特征在于，所述固定环包括环状或筒状的本体，所述多个弹片沿所述本体的壁周向分布。
  5. 如权利要求4所述的电连接器，其特征在于，
    所述弹片是和所述固定环的本体连接的悬臂结构，所述悬臂结构的自由末端沿本体的径向向外偏转，
    所述固定环包括前端和后端，所述固定环安装在所述插针端子上时，所述插针端子的前端和所述固定环的前端对应，所述悬臂结构的自由末端靠近所述固定环的后端。
  6. 如权利要求4所述的电连接器，其特征在于，所述固定环的本体是周向连续的，且有一个轴向贯通的开口。
  7. 如权利要求4所述的电连接器，其特征在于，所述固定环的本体由连续的 金属片材加工并弯折而成，并留有一个轴向贯通的开口。
  8. 如权利要求4所述的电连接器，其特征在于，所述插针端子的前端包括卡装段，所述卡装段具有环状槽，该槽的轴向长度和所述固定环的长度对应，以用于所述固定环的定位和安装。
  9. 如权利要求8所述的电连接器，其特征在于，所述插针端子的前端还包括所述卡装段后侧的定位凸台，和所述卡装段前侧的插接头段。
  10. 如权利要求9所述的电连接器，其特征在于，当所述插针端子开始穿过所述端子通道时，所述弹片被所述端子通道的壁压入所述固定环的本体，当所述插针端子被插入到由所述定位凸台限定的预定深度时，所述弹片向外偏转并进入由所述台阶定义的凹槽空间。
  11. 如权利要求1所述的电连接器，其特征在于，所述固定环是金属制成，或由工程塑料制成。
  12. 如权利要求9所述的电连接器，其特征在于，所述插针端子的插接头段是公端插针或者母端插针。
PCT/CN2023/081572 2022-03-30 2023-03-15 具有插针固定环的电连接器 WO2023185472A1 (zh)

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