WO2023180493A1 - Agglomérateur à disques avec aide au démarrage - Google Patents

Agglomérateur à disques avec aide au démarrage Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023180493A1
WO2023180493A1 PCT/EP2023/057570 EP2023057570W WO2023180493A1 WO 2023180493 A1 WO2023180493 A1 WO 2023180493A1 EP 2023057570 W EP2023057570 W EP 2023057570W WO 2023180493 A1 WO2023180493 A1 WO 2023180493A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
agglomerator
ring
outlet opening
disc
shredding
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2023/057570
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Johannes Wissing
Original Assignee
Johannes Wissing
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Johannes Wissing filed Critical Johannes Wissing
Publication of WO2023180493A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023180493A1/fr

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
    • B29B17/00—Recovery of plastics or other constituents of waste material containing plastics
    • B29B17/04—Disintegrating plastics, e.g. by milling
    • B29B17/0412—Disintegrating plastics, e.g. by milling to large particles, e.g. beads, granules, flakes, slices
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
    • B29B17/00—Recovery of plastics or other constituents of waste material containing plastics
    • B29B17/0026—Recovery of plastics or other constituents of waste material containing plastics by agglomeration or compacting
    • B29B17/0036—Recovery of plastics or other constituents of waste material containing plastics by agglomeration or compacting of large particles, e.g. beads, granules, pellets, flakes, slices
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
    • B29B7/00—Mixing; Kneading
    • B29B7/002—Methods
    • B29B7/007—Methods for continuous mixing
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
    • B29B7/00—Mixing; Kneading
    • B29B7/80—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29B7/82—Heating or cooling
    • B29B7/826—Apparatus therefor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
    • B29B7/00—Mixing; Kneading
    • B29B7/80—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29B7/88—Adding charges, i.e. additives
    • B29B7/885—Adding charges, i.e. additives with means for treating, e.g. milling, the charges
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
    • B29B7/00—Mixing; Kneading
    • B29B7/80—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29B7/88—Adding charges, i.e. additives
    • B29B7/90—Fillers or reinforcements, e.g. fibres
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
    • B29B9/00—Making granules
    • B29B9/08—Making granules by agglomerating smaller particles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
    • B29B17/00—Recovery of plastics or other constituents of waste material containing plastics
    • B29B17/04—Disintegrating plastics, e.g. by milling
    • B29B2017/0424—Specific disintegrating techniques; devices therefor
    • B29B2017/0456—Pressing tools with calibrated openings, e.g. in sizing plates, for disintegrating solid materials
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
    • B29B7/00—Mixing; Kneading
    • B29B7/30—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices
    • B29B7/34—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices with movable mixing or kneading devices
    • B29B7/38—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices with movable mixing or kneading devices rotary
    • B29B7/40—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices with movable mixing or kneading devices rotary with single shaft
    • B29B7/42—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices with movable mixing or kneading devices rotary with single shaft with screw or helix
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
    • B29B7/00—Mixing; Kneading
    • B29B7/80—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29B7/84—Venting or degassing ; Removing liquids, e.g. by evaporating components
    • B29B7/845—Venting, degassing or removing evaporated components in devices with rotary stirrers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
    • B29B9/00—Making granules
    • B29B9/16—Auxiliary treatment of granules

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a disc agglomerator according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • a generic disc agglomerator is known from EP 2 817 131 B1, in which plastic waste is processed into elongated material strands. These can then be crushed to produce small bodies.
  • both the plastic waste that is to be recycled in the disc agglomerator and the agglomerates produced in the disc agglomerator are referred to as plastic recyclate.
  • the invention is based on the object of improving a generic disc agglomerator so that it can be operated with little energy and economic effort.
  • the invention proposes to retain the agglomerated material strands, which strive radially outwards between the two disks of the disk agglomerator and towards the outlet opening of the disk agglomerator, in the disk agglomerator when the disk agglomerator is put into operation for the first time or after a rest period - i.e. " approached” - is.
  • an outlet opening of the disk agglomerator is partially or completely closed, so that the material located between the disks that has not yet been sufficiently agglomerated remains between the disks. Only gradually, as the operating time of the disc agglomerator increases, does the outlet opening become larger. Accordingly, the possibility of closing the outlet opening when starting the disk agglomerator is referred to as starting aid.
  • the invention is based on the idea that when the ring agglomerator is started up, there is initially only a little plastic recyclate between the two disks and, depending on the material used, it can happen that instead of z.
  • desired elongated material strands initially produce imperfect, flake-like agglomerates, which make further processing in the systems downstream of the agglomerator difficult. Because the outlet opening can be reduced in size or even completely closed, the residence time of the material in the disk agglomerator can be extended until the material is sufficiently agglomerated and it is z.
  • the desired elongated material strands are formed.
  • the two disks of the disk agglomerator are movable relative to one another. For example, both can be rotationally driven at different speeds and/or different directions of rotation. Or one disk, called the stator, is stationary and the other disk, called the rotor, is driven to rotate.
  • the thing placed in the space between the panes long plastic material to be processed is due to the external kneading effect, namely a surface profiling of the disks, e.g. B. in the form of elongated kneading bars, as well as heated and agglomerated due to the internal friction generated, so that it can later be further processed in another system.
  • the starting aid provided according to the invention is, on the one hand, energetically advantageous, compared to collecting the insufficiently agglomerated material and later feeding it back into the disc agglomerator during ongoing operation, mechanically processing it again and heating it there.
  • the outlet opening is either the gap opening, which results from the distance between the two discs, i.e. an annular opening between the two discs on their outer circumference corresponding to the disc circumference, or an opening in a housing surrounding the two discs.
  • the outlet opening of the disk agglomerator can be located directly on the circumference of the two disks.
  • the space between the panes, in which the material is located between the panes, creates an annular, circumferential gap on the outer circumference of the panes, which accordingly creates an annular, circumferential outlet opening through which the agglomerates can emerge from the space between the panes radially outwards.
  • the outlet opening can be opened using a ring that is movable in the axial direction and can either be moved or retracted over the gap.
  • the ring can be closed or opened either completely or partially depending on the position of the ring. Due to the annular design of the closure element, with which the outlet opening can be selectively closed or opened, and since this ring forms the starting aid, the ring can be referred to as a starting ring.
  • the circumferential gap can be practically closed by a housing that lies closely against the circumference of the two disks, but at least without contact with the rotating disk, when an outlet opening of the housing is closed and a material backlog immediately forms on the circumference of the two Discs form so that no material can escape from the space between the discs.
  • the outlet opening of the disk agglomerator can be at a distance from the circumference of the two disks, for example if the housing does not fit as closely as possible to the circumference of the two disks, but rather if the housing extends at a distance around the two disks and has a closable outlet opening .
  • the material backlog between the panes described above occurs, albeit with a delay. Because first the space is filled with material that is inside the housing and outside the panes.
  • drivers, scrapers or similar elements can be provided in this space.
  • the drivers, scrapers or similar elements can be arranged on a rotating disk so that they rotate together with this disk and thereby move through the space mentioned. Due to the movement, the material accumulated in this space is mechanically acted upon and this material further agglomerates. With the outlet opening open, while running When the disk agglomerator is driven after starting, there is practically no relative movement between the drivers, scrapers or similar elements and the material in the room; rather, these can then serve to convey the agglomerated material that has emerged between the disks in the room to the outlet opening.
  • the agglomerated material strands can be shredded using a ring shredder, i.e. with several shredding tools that are arranged on a circular line and are closely adjacent radially inside or outside the outlet opening, and are therefore connected downstream of the disk agglomerator in the flow direction of the plastic recyclate .
  • the comminution tools can, for example, be arranged directly on a disk of the disk agglomerator, or they can be mounted on a specially provided ring, which is therefore referred to as a comminution ring.
  • the approach ring mentioned above can form a part of the ring shredder by carrying the shredding tools, so that the approach ring also forms the shredding ring at the same time.
  • the approach or shredding ring can be adjustable in the axial direction of the ring agglomerator, i.e. essentially transversely to the plane of the two disks, so that it opens or closes the annular circumferential outlet opening to different extents in the axial direction, i.e. making the gap width of the outlet opening narrower or wider can. Adjusting the gap width of the outlet opening is probably of minor importance during the ongoing, continuous operation of the ring agglomerator. However, in addition to the starting aid, it also offers the possibility of adapting the gap width to different plastic recyclates to be processed, so that in different facilities in which different types or compositions of plastic waste are processed, the shredding can be easily achieved to the optimal gap width the outlet opening can be adjusted.
  • the outlet opening can be enlarged, for example, based on internal experience, for example after a certain time.
  • it can be provided to automatically enlarge the outlet opening by moving the approach ring, for example by motor, for example depending on the current consumption, if the disk agglomerator is driven by an electric motor and the Current consumption reaches a certain value due to a higher rotational resistance that arises between the disks.
  • This can be an absolute value, i.e. a specific current of X amperes.
  • the specific value can also be a relative value, which results, for example, from the course of the current consumption over time.
  • the current consumption can increase as the filling level increases if more and more recycled plastic gets into the space between the two panes. If less material emerges from the outlet opening per unit of time than plastic recyclate flows into the gap because the outlet opening is partially or completely closed, such an increase in plastic recyclate occurs in the gap. Due to the higher filling level and the longer residence time, the material in the disc agglomerator is processed more intensively and reaches higher temperatures due to external influences and internal friction.
  • the associated softening of the material leads to a reduction in the rotational resistance of the disk agglomerator, so that the current consumption of the drive motor at least does not increase any further and typically even decreases again.
  • an enlargement of the outlet opening can be automatically effected based on the course of the power consumption by automatically controlling the drive means of the shredding ring and automatically moving the shredding ring in the axial direction.
  • the agglomerated material located in the disk agglomerator can leave the disk agglomerator through the outlet opening in the form of the desired material strands, which are divided into the desired shorter pieces in the shredding ring.
  • the possibility of completely or partially closing the outlet opening of the disc agglomerator during the start-up phase can, depending on the design of the disc agglomerator and its outlet opening, be achieved by axially adjusting the two discs relative to one another, using an adjustable starting ring - with or without shredding tools - or by closing the outlet opening , movable slide or similar closure elements can be achieved.
  • the disk agglomerator can be designed in such a way that not both disks rotate, but rather one disk stands still.
  • This disc known as the stator, has the inlet opening through which the recycled plastic enters the space between the two discs.
  • the other disc, known as the rotor is rotatably mounted and driven.
  • the shredding ring - which can also form the approach ring - can be held on the stator in a rotationally fixed manner.
  • the shredding tools simply form an abutment against which the material strands emerging from the disc agglomerator come into contact, so that they are sheared off and shredded in this way.
  • the shredding tools can be designed as knives, so that the shredding of the material strands can take place with as little resistance as possible and therefore requires as little energy as possible.
  • the knives can advantageously be arranged at an angle between 35° and 80° with respect to the axis of the agglomerator, as far as the cutting edge of the knives is concerned. This results in a pulling cut, which is energetically advantageous and is also advantageous in terms of the mechanical stress on the knives.
  • the angle at which the cutting edges of the knives are aligned with the axis of the agglomerator can be between 45° and 60° in an embodiment that is considered advantageous.
  • the knives can each be arranged interchangeably in the ring shredder. This enables quick and easy replacement of individual worn knives, or, if necessary, the replacement of one or all knives with ones with a differently designed cutting edge.
  • the knives can each be arranged in a knife holder which is held interchangeably on the ring shredder. This also makes it possible to exchange individual or all knives as explained above.
  • the knife holder can be designed as a stable element, so that a narrow, sensitive knife does not need to be handled separately.
  • the knife holder which can have a greater material thickness than the knife itself, enables the knife to be screwed to the ring shredder with a high tightening torque of the fastening screw without endangering the knife.
  • the knives can be mounted in an adjustable manner in the radial direction. In this way, the gap width of the annular gap that arises between the outlet opening and the knives can be adjusted in order to influence the size of the shorter pieces produced.
  • several receptacles can be present on the shredding ring, which are intended to accommodate shredding tools, for example by holding the knives themselves or the knife holders provided with the knives in the receptacles.
  • the shredding ring can have such a large number of receptacles that in many practical applications a corresponding number of knives is not required.
  • not all receptacles are equipped with a shredding tool.
  • the number of shredding tools used can vary depending on the plastic recyclate used or the desired size of the shorter pieces into which the agglomerated material strands are to be shredded.
  • the receptacles that are not required and are therefore not equipped with a shredding tool are covered with a cover element in this embodiment.
  • the receptacles themselves are protected, for example from contamination that would possibly make later installation of a shredding tool in this receptacle more difficult.
  • protection for the personnel is also achieved in the sense of avoiding accidents by making the system as smooth as possible and avoiding a jagged outer surface of the shredding ring.
  • the ring shredder not only has a row of shredding tools which are arranged in a ring on the stator of the disk agglomerator, but rather has a row of shredding tools arranged in a ring on both disks, so that the agglomerated material strands, which emerge radially outwards from the outlet opening through a shearing movement between the two different small rows of shredding tools are shredded into short pieces.
  • the system therefore has first comminution tools which are arranged on a first circular line with a first diameter and are connected to a first disk of the disk agglomerator, and it has second comminution tools which are arranged on a second circular line with a second diameter and with a second disk of the disk agglomerator are connected.
  • the first and second comminution tools are movable relative to one another because the two disks of the disk agglomerator are movable relative to one another.
  • the diameters of the first and second circular lines are different, so that the first and second shredding tools work together like scissors and shred the agglomerated material strands between them.
  • the first and second comminution tools are each arranged on a retaining ring which is connected to the respective first and second disk of the disk agglomerator.
  • Both retaining rings each have a free space designed as an annular groove into which the comminution tools, which are arranged on the other retaining ring, can immerse when comminution tools are adjusted in the axial direction of the disk agglomerator. For example, if the shredding tools that are arranged on the stator are adjusted in the axial direction towards the rotor, the shredding tools each dip into the annular groove of the opposite retaining ring.
  • the comminution tools can be designed so long that a shearing effect between the comminution tools can be ensured over the entire gap width, even if the gap width of the outlet opening is large.
  • the invention is explained in more detail below using the purely schematic representations, whereby individual design features of a specific exemplary embodiment of a system for agglomerating and shredding plastic recyclate are not limited to this exemplary embodiment, but can also be implemented in other configurations and / or in other combinations. This shows
  • FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a system for agglomerating and shredding plastic recyclate, with a first disk agglomerator,
  • FIG. 2 and 3 views of a first embodiment of a ring shredder, in a normal position
  • FIGS. 4 and 5 are views of the ring shredder of FIGS. 2 and 3, in a start-up position
  • FIGS. 2 to 5 are perspective views of a shredding ring of the ring shredder of FIGS. 2 to 5,
  • FIG. 7 shows a vertical cross section through a second exemplary embodiment of a disk agglomerator
  • FIG. 8 is a perspective view of a longitudinal section through a second ring shredder in the start-up position
  • FIG. 9 is a view of the ring shredder of FIG. 8 in the normal position
  • FIG. 10 is a perspective view of a longitudinal section through a third ring shredder in the start-up position
  • FIG. 11 is a view of the ring shredder of FIG. 10 in the normal position
  • FIG. 12 shows a vertical cross section through a further exemplary embodiment of a disk agglomerator
  • Fig. 13 shows a vertical longitudinal section through the upper region of the disk agglomerator of Fig. 12 in the starting position
  • Fig. 14 shows a vertical longitudinal section through the lower region of the disk agglomerator of Fig. 12 in the starting position
  • Fig. 15 shows a vertical cross section similar to Fig. 12 through a fourth disk agglomerator.
  • FIG. 1 shows a system 1 for agglomerating and shredding plastic recyclate, which has a disk agglomerator 2.
  • Fig. 1 shows the viewer the back of a first disk of the disk agglomerator 2, referred to as stator 3, with a central inlet opening 4 through which the plastic recyclate is introduced into a space between the two disks. Through the inlet opening 4, the view falls on a rotationally driven second disk of the disk agglomerator 2, referred to as the rotor 5.
  • the stator 3 can be moved in the axial direction by means of three stator actuating cylinders 6s, so that the gap width between the stator 3 and the rotor 5 is changed can be.
  • three ring actuating cylinders 6r each of which has a substantially cylindrical protective cover, a comminution ring can be moved in the axial direction, as will be explained in more detail later.
  • a conveyor 7 connects to the disk agglomerator 2, so that the agglomerates produced in the disk agglomerator 2 can be transported to a downstream device by means of the conveyor 7 in a conveying direction F.
  • a suction connection 7a serves to extract gases formed during agglomeration from the agglomerate stream, so that undesirable gas entry, for example into a downstream extruder, can be reduced as much as possible.
  • Disk agglomerator 2 namely the rotor 5, which is connected to a Drive shaft can be connected, and the stator 3, which is largely covered by a ring shredder 8.
  • the ring shredder 8 consists of a shredding ring 9 and several shredding tools 10, the shredding ring 9 in turn being composed of three segments 11. 2 and 3, the disk agglomerator 2 is in its normal position, which it normally assumes during its operation, namely with a certain distance between the stator 3 and the rotor 5, so that there is a rotating one on the outer circumference of the disk agglomerator 2 There is a gap of 12 between the two disks. In this normal position, the gap 12 forms on its outer circumference an open, annular outlet opening 34 between the two disks of the disk agglomerator 2.
  • the comminution ring 9 which is arranged radially on the outside on the lateral surface of the stator 3, can be moved in the axial direction and thus approached or removed from the rotor 5, even if the stator 3 maintains its position .
  • the elongated agglomerates emerging from the circumference of the gap 12 from the outlet opening 34 between the stator 3 and rotor 5 are captured by the comminution tools 10 and supported in the pulling by the rotational movement of the rotor 5 and the inclination of the comminution tools 10 shown in FIGS. 2 and 3 Cut shredded.
  • the shredding ring 9 of the ring shredder 8 is pushed over the gap 12 and in this way the outlet opening 34 is opened. closed, which is referred to as the starting position of the disk agglomerator 2 and means that the material located in the disk agglomerator 2 between the stator 3 and the rotor 5 cannot get radially outwards from the outlet opening 34 as quickly when the disk agglomerator 2 is started, but rather longer in the disk agglomerator 2 held and can be processed mechanically.
  • the shredding ring 9 thus forms the starting aid.
  • the start-up process is shortened in time by closing the outlet opening 34 and the escape of insufficiently agglomerated material can be largely or even completely avoided. Therefore, in deviation from the exemplary embodiment shown, it can also be provided to use the shredding ring 9 without shredding tools 10, so that in this case it can be referred to as a starting ring, which only has the closing function in order to close the outlet opening 34 when the disk agglomerator 2 is started up .
  • FIGS. 4 and 5 show the central components of the disk agglomerator 2 of FIGS. 2 and 3, but in a so-called starting position, in which the two disks are at a smaller distance from one another, so that there is practically no gap 12 between the stator 3 and the Rotor 5 results.
  • the rotor 5 is provided with a number of deflectors 14, which serve to protect plastic recyclate that is in the agglomerated or non-agglomerated form. merized state has reached behind the rotor 5, to be conveyed radially outwards and not to be allowed to reach the drive shaft of the disk agglomerator 2.
  • Fig. 6 shows the ring shredder 8 separately from the other components of the disc agglomerator 2.
  • the structure of the shredding ring 9 from three segments 11 can be seen.
  • the shredding tools 10 each have a holder 15 and a knife 16 arranged interchangeably therein.
  • the cutting edges of the knives 16 are each aligned at an angle of approximately 45 ° to the axis of the disk agglomerator 2, so that a pulling cut is achieved when due to the rotational movement of the rotor 5, the agglomerates emerging from the gap 12 are guided in the direction of rotation against the knives 16. Because the agglomerates are carried along by the rotor 5 in the direction of rotation, the rotor 5 also provides the cutting energy required for cutting.
  • the holders 15 are attached to the segments 11 in a radially adjustable manner using elongated holes, so that the radial distance at which the knives 16 are located in front of the gap 12 can be adjusted.
  • Each segment 11 has three so-called receptacles 17, namely mounting locations for comminution tools 10, and thus offers the possibility that three comminution tools 10 can be mounted on a segment 11.
  • only one shredding tool 10 is shown per segment 11, while the two remaining respective receptacles 17 are each protected against contamination and against the ingress of plastic by means of a cover element 18 in order to enable problem-free assembly of a shredding tool 10 if necessary.
  • Fig. 7 shows a vertical section that runs through the gap 12 of a disk agglomerator 2, so that the stator 3 is not visible, but the view of the rotor 5 and its central opening to accommodate a drive shaft.
  • the plastic recyclate migrates radially outwards from the central inlet opening 4 and leaves the space between the two disks through the gap 12.
  • the outlet opening 34 is also created on the outer circumference of the two disks, as a circumferential opening the gap 12 between the stator 3 and the rotor 5.
  • the agglomerates enter a ring shredder 8, which has comminution tools 10, which, in contrast to the exemplary embodiment of FIGS. 2 to 6, are not designed as knives. Rather, the ring shredder 8 of FIG. 7 has two shredding rings 9 with different effective diameters.
  • the shredding ring 9 shown on the right in FIG. 8 is referred to as the outer shredding ring 9 because its shredding tools 10 are located on a circular line with a comparatively larger diameter and is connected to the stator 3.
  • the shredding tools 10 are located on a circular line with a smaller diameter than the outer shredding ring 9.
  • the inner shredding ring 9 is connected to the rotor 5, so that in this way a relative movement between the two shredding rings 9 is achieved. Since the comminution tools 10 of the two comminution rings 9 are arranged on circular lines of radii of different sizes, the inner and outer comminution tools 10 work together in a cutting manner and divide the elongated agglomerates through their combined effective shearing effect. A rhomboid cross-sectional shape of the comminution tools 10 promotes the shearing effect.
  • a housing 20 runs around the outside of the rotor 5 shown, so that the agglomerates that have escaped through the gap 12 and have been shredded into shorter pieces in the ring shredder 8 can be transported away pneumatically.
  • the housing 20 is connected to a pneumatic delivery line 21, as shown in FIG.
  • a fan which is not visible in the drawing, generates an air flow in the delivery line 21
  • the direction of rotation of the rotor 5 also generates or supports an air flow that carries the agglomerates, which have been comminuted into shorter pieces, through the delivery line 21 in a delivery direction F, illustrated by an arrow transported.
  • FIG. 8 shows a section of the upper peripheral region of the disk agglomerator 2 from FIG. 7.
  • the stator 3 and the rotor 5 can be seen within the housing 20. Similar to the exemplary embodiment of FIGS. 4 and 5, the exemplary embodiment of FIG. 8 is also in its starting position. 7 and 8, the starting position is achieved by axially adjusting the stator 3 by means of the disk actuating cylinder 6s, so that the gap 12 on the outer circumference of the two disks is closed by the stator 3 moving axially up to the rotor 5 has been adjusted. Accordingly, the two shredding rings 9 of the ring shredder 8 also lie against each other. In this exemplary embodiment, the starting aid is created both by the two disks and by the two shredding rings 9.
  • Both comminution rings 9 are each provided with a circumferential annular groove 22 on their mutually facing end faces, which serves to accommodate the comminution tools 10 of the comminution ring 9 opposite each other.
  • a space 23 between the panes tapers to a gap 12, and in In the approach position shown, both the gap 12 and the outlet opening 34 are practically closed on its outer circumference, even if the stationary and rotating components of the disk agglomerator 2 do not touch each other, but rather have a minimal distance from one another.
  • FIG. 9 shows the exemplary embodiment of FIG. 8 after the disk agglomerator 2 has started up, when it assumes its normal position and the space between the disks has been increased by adjusting the stator 3 and the gap 12 and the outlet opening 34 have been opened. It can be seen how the comminution tools 10 arranged at different radii interact in a shearing manner and emerge from the annular groove 22 of the comminution ring 9 opposite each other.
  • the comminution tools 10 show a situation similar to FIG. 8, whereby in FIG. merator 2 is in its starting position.
  • the comminution tools 10 are shown as cylindrical pins, which have a comminution-effective cutting or inclined surface outside their respective comminution ring 9.
  • FIG. 11 shows a situation similar to FIG. 9 for the exemplary embodiment of FIG. 10, in which the gap 12 is opened by appropriate adjustment of the stator 3 and the disk agglomerator 2 assumes its normal position.
  • Fig. 12 shows a view similar to Fig. 7 of a further exemplary embodiment of a disk agglomerator 2 and its rotor 5, but the kneading bars 19 of the rotor 5 are configured differently than in Fig. 7.
  • the housing 20 is also designed differently in that it runs at a comparatively smaller distance around the two disks of the disk agglomerator 2.
  • a ring shredder 8 is designed in such a way that it interacts with the housing 20.
  • the ring shredder 8 does not have a physically realized shredding ring 9, but rather a large number of shredding tools 10, which are arranged on a circular line and in this way form a shredding ring.
  • FIG. 12 shows a view similar to Fig. 7 of a further exemplary embodiment of a disk agglomerator 2 and its rotor 5, but the kneading bars 19 of the rotor 5 are configured differently than in Fig. 7.
  • the housing 20 is also designed differently in that it
  • the comminution tools 10 in FIG. 7 also serves to clear the space within the housing 20 into which plastic material gets and to transport the captured material.
  • the shredding tools 10 the captured material is conveyed within the housing 20 to a housing opening 24, which forms the outlet opening 34 of the disk agglomerator 2.
  • a shearing effect to shred the agglomerates does not take place with the help of a second shredding ring, but rather in interaction with the edge of the housing 20, which surrounds the housing opening 24.
  • the elongated agglomerates are not comminuted into separate, shorter pieces, but are literally filled into the space adjoining the housing opening 24 and comminuted in this way.
  • the shredding tools 10 have a front side that acts on the material and deviates towards the rear at a suitable angle from a purely radial orientation. In this way, a spatula effect is achieved with which the material is introduced into a delivery line 21, which in the exemplary embodiment shown connects directly to the housing 20.
  • the conveying direction F runs counter to the direction in which the rotor 5 moves in the area of the housing opening 24.
  • the delivery line 21 can be, for example, the feed screw of an extruder or a short-sized transfer screw, which in turn connects to an extruder screw.
  • the temperature losses of the material can be kept as low as possible, so that in a particularly energetically favorable embodiment of the system 1, the plastic material that is initially agglomerated and then shredded into shorter pieces can be further processed in an extruder that follows the disk agglomerator 2 over the shortest possible path is connected downstream.
  • the delivery line 21 has an opening where it connects to the housing 20 of the disk agglomerator 2.
  • a closure element can be arranged between the housing 20 and the delivery line 21 as a starting aid, for example in the form of a slide arranged on the housing 20 or on the delivery line 21.
  • material can also be held in the disk agglomerator 2 in the start-up phase of the disk agglomerator 2 by means of the closure element until the material is sufficient is agglomerated.
  • the housing 20 runs closely around the disks of the disk agglomerator 2 on the radial outside, without the scraper-like comminution tools 10.
  • the smallest possible distance between the housing 20 and the disks ensures friction-free and trouble-free operation of the disk agglomerator 2, but prevents larger accumulations of the agglomerates that get radially outward between the disks.
  • the pressure that builds up in the space between the disks 23 due to the material that is conveyed into the disk agglomerator 2, as well as the centrifugal forces in the disk agglomerator 2 generated by the rotor 5 and the conveying effect of the kneading bars 19 cause the agglomerates to push radially outwards 13 shows a section through the upper region of the disk agglomerator 2 of FIG. 12, which is in its starting position, so that the gap 12 and the outlet opening 34 on the outer circumference of the space 23 between the disks are closed.
  • the section in Fig. 13 runs through a shredding tool 10 of the ring shredder 8.
  • both the housing 20 is attached to the stator 3 and the shredding tools 10 are attached to the rotor 5.
  • a rotor receptacle 27 is shown, which is provided with a sealing ring 28 on its outer circumference.
  • the sealing ring 28 Towards a space 29, which runs radially outside the gap 12 in a ring shape around the disks of the disk agglomerator 2, and on its radial outside, towards the housing 20, the sealing ring 28 has a thread profile 30, namely a helical groove.
  • the pitch of this thread profile 30 is coordinated with the direction of rotation of the rotor 5 in such a way that material that has penetrated into the helical groove is conveyed back into the space 29.
  • the housing 20 is provided with an air connection 31 to which a compressed air line can be connected.
  • the compressed air flows into a ring-shaped sealing air channel 32 and from there reaches the area of the thread profile 30, so that it pushes material located there between the sealing ring 28 and the housing 20 back into the space 29.
  • the delivery line 21 has several retaining grooves 33, each of which has a wedge cross section exhibit. They serve to prevent the material, which has been introduced into the conveying line 21 through the housing opening 24 using the shredding tools 10, from rotating together with the screw conveyor 25, so that a translational movement of the material within the conveying screw 25 is as effective as possible Delivery line 21 can be reached.
  • FIG. 15 shows, similar to the illustration in FIG. 12, the lower peripheral region of a further variant of a disk agglomerator 2.
  • no drivers are provided on the outer circumference of the rotor 5.
  • the conveying effect with which the agglomerates are introduced into the conveying line 21 is based on the rotational movement of the rotor 5, the shape of the kneading bars 19 and the supply of material that is conveyed into the disk agglomerator 2.
  • the housing 20 can be used as a starting aid by means of a housing slide 35 and / or the delivery line 21 by means of a line slide 36 will be closed.
  • both sliders are shown in FIG. Deviating from FIG. 15, the disk agglomerator 2 can only have one of the two slides.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Crushing And Pulverization Processes (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un agglomérateur à disques qui est conçu pour recevoir des déchets plastiques et les transformer en agglomérats de forme allongée, en forme de cône ou de boudin, à l'état pâteux, lequel agglomérateur comprend deux disques qui sont profilés au niveau de leurs surfaces se faisant mutuellement face, sont mobiles l'un par rapport à l'autre, disposés parallèlement l'un à l'autre et à une certaine distance l'un de l'autre, et qui forment entre eux un espace intermédiaire. L'agglomérateur comporte une ouverture d'entrée pour le plastique recyclé, ladite ouverture débouchant dans la zone centrale de l'espace intermédiaire formé entre les disques, et une ouverture de sortie pour les agglomérats dans la circonférence extérieure dudit espace intermédiaire. Selon l'invention, l'ouverture de sortie (34) peut être fermée sélectivement, au moins partiellement, au moyen d'un élément de fermeture, de telle sorte les agglomérats ne puissent pas du tout passer ou puissent passer seulement de manière limitée.
PCT/EP2023/057570 2022-03-25 2023-03-23 Agglomérateur à disques avec aide au démarrage WO2023180493A1 (fr)

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DE102022107072.7 2022-03-25
DE102022107072.7A DE102022107072A1 (de) 2022-03-25 2022-03-25 Scheibenagglomerator mit Anfahrhilfe

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Citations (4)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3389203A (en) * 1963-06-29 1968-06-18 Herbert A. Merges Method and apparatus for granulating pieces of thermoplastic synthetic resin film
EP2817131B1 (fr) 2012-02-24 2016-05-25 Johannes Wissing Procede et systeme de recyclage de residus de films contamines par des adhesifs
EP3108056A1 (fr) * 2014-02-11 2016-12-28 Daprox Ab Appareil raffineur et procédé de raffinage de matériau cellulosique
WO2020223534A1 (fr) * 2019-05-01 2020-11-05 Infinical Technologies Llc Systèmes et procédés de récupération de multiples fibres naturelles et plastiques mélangées

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2914797A (en) 1956-09-25 1959-12-01 Outario Res Foundation Pellet making means and method
DE10024157C1 (de) 2000-05-19 2001-10-25 Pallmann Kg Maschf Vorrichtung zum Agglomerieren von Aufgabegut mit thermoplastischen Eigenschaften
GB2399532B (en) 2003-03-19 2007-10-24 Econoplas Ltd Method of manufacturing drainage/irrigation elements from recycled plastics
DE202005006461U1 (de) 2005-04-22 2005-10-13 Gebr. Wissing GbR (vertretungsberechtigter Gesellschafter: Herr Johannes Wissing, 48703 Stadtlohn) Waagerecht angeordneter Agglomerator
DE102010013096A1 (de) 2010-03-29 2011-09-29 Haver Engineering Gmbh Pelletiereinrichtung und Verfahren
GB2551559A (en) 2016-06-22 2017-12-27 Preston Plastics Ltd Plastic recycling

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3389203A (en) * 1963-06-29 1968-06-18 Herbert A. Merges Method and apparatus for granulating pieces of thermoplastic synthetic resin film
EP2817131B1 (fr) 2012-02-24 2016-05-25 Johannes Wissing Procede et systeme de recyclage de residus de films contamines par des adhesifs
EP3108056A1 (fr) * 2014-02-11 2016-12-28 Daprox Ab Appareil raffineur et procédé de raffinage de matériau cellulosique
WO2020223534A1 (fr) * 2019-05-01 2020-11-05 Infinical Technologies Llc Systèmes et procédés de récupération de multiples fibres naturelles et plastiques mélangées

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