WO2023178953A1 - 用于车辆座椅的座椅靠背随动系统 - Google Patents

用于车辆座椅的座椅靠背随动系统 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023178953A1
WO2023178953A1 PCT/CN2022/119842 CN2022119842W WO2023178953A1 WO 2023178953 A1 WO2023178953 A1 WO 2023178953A1 CN 2022119842 W CN2022119842 W CN 2022119842W WO 2023178953 A1 WO2023178953 A1 WO 2023178953A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
plate
seat back
arc
guide groove
shaped guide
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Application number
PCT/CN2022/119842
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
刘崇庆
赵伟
黄来国
王隆美
Original Assignee
延锋国际汽车技术有限公司
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Application filed by 延锋国际汽车技术有限公司 filed Critical 延锋国际汽车技术有限公司
Publication of WO2023178953A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023178953A1/zh

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60N—SEATS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLES; VEHICLE PASSENGER ACCOMMODATION NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60N2/00—Seats specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement or mounting of seats in vehicles
    • B60N2/24—Seats specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement or mounting of seats in vehicles for particular purposes or particular vehicles
    • B60N2/42—Seats specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement or mounting of seats in vehicles for particular purposes or particular vehicles the seat constructed to protect the occupant from the effect of abnormal g-forces, e.g. crash or safety seats
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60N—SEATS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLES; VEHICLE PASSENGER ACCOMMODATION NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60N2/00—Seats specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement or mounting of seats in vehicles
    • B60N2/24—Seats specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement or mounting of seats in vehicles for particular purposes or particular vehicles
    • B60N2/42—Seats specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement or mounting of seats in vehicles for particular purposes or particular vehicles the seat constructed to protect the occupant from the effect of abnormal g-forces, e.g. crash or safety seats
    • B60N2/427—Seats or parts thereof displaced during a crash
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60N—SEATS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLES; VEHICLE PASSENGER ACCOMMODATION NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60N2/00—Seats specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement or mounting of seats in vehicles
    • B60N2/24—Seats specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement or mounting of seats in vehicles for particular purposes or particular vehicles
    • B60N2/42—Seats specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement or mounting of seats in vehicles for particular purposes or particular vehicles the seat constructed to protect the occupant from the effect of abnormal g-forces, e.g. crash or safety seats
    • B60N2/433—Safety locks for back-rests, e.g. with locking bars activated by inertia
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60R21/00—Arrangements or fittings on vehicles for protecting or preventing injuries to occupants or pedestrians in case of accidents or other traffic risks
    • B60R21/01—Electrical circuits for triggering passive safety arrangements, e.g. airbags, safety belt tighteners, in case of vehicle accidents or impending vehicle accidents
    • B60R21/013—Electrical circuits for triggering passive safety arrangements, e.g. airbags, safety belt tighteners, in case of vehicle accidents or impending vehicle accidents including means for detecting collisions, impending collisions or roll-over
    • B60R21/0136—Electrical circuits for triggering passive safety arrangements, e.g. airbags, safety belt tighteners, in case of vehicle accidents or impending vehicle accidents including means for detecting collisions, impending collisions or roll-over responsive to actual contact with an obstacle, e.g. to vehicle deformation, bumper displacement or bumper velocity relative to the vehicle

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of vehicle collision safety, and in particular to a seat back following system for a vehicle seat.
  • seat belts in the vehicle field except for special-purpose vehicles, most vehicle seat belts adopt three-point seat belts.
  • at least two anchor points or fixed points are fixed on the body structure, and the other point is a lock buckle. , can be fixed on the seat.
  • the fixed points on the car body serve as the anchor points for the seat belts. They need to have sufficient strength and cannot be loosened to provide the restraint force of the seat belts to the drivers and passengers during a collision. However, excessive restraint forces will cause serious damage to the drivers and passengers. Breast injuries occur, so there are force-limiting seat belts.
  • the driver in the car will be partially or completely liberated from paying attention to the driving process.
  • the driver in the car especially the passenger on the passenger side, will have more possibilities.
  • Three sitting postures can be summarized, 1) normal driving posture, 2) working posture, and 3) leisure sitting posture.
  • the normal driving posture means that the driver and passengers are completely focused on the driving conditions of the vehicle.
  • the seat backrest is adjusted to the designed position of the seat, such as about 25 degrees; in the working sitting posture, the drivers and passengers will not pay attention to the driving conditions of the vehicle and can sit in the vehicle.
  • the seat backrest is adjusted to about 45 degrees; for leisure sitting, the driver and passengers do not pay attention to the driving of the vehicle at all and can rest with their eyes closed, and the seat backrest is adjusted to 60 degrees or even greater.
  • the seatback angle is locked and fixed by the seat recliner.
  • the seatback cannot rotate.
  • statistical analysis of driver and passenger injuries in traffic accidents shows that when an inevitable frontal or side collision occurs, it is difficult for existing technology or traditional vehicle safety restraint systems, including seat belts fixed on seats, to effectively protect people in Drivers and passengers sitting in working or leisure postures may even make injuries more serious. This is because the existing collision safety technical solutions only protect the driver and passengers from collision safety injuries when they are in the driving position or based on the design position of the seat.
  • One of the objects of the present disclosure is to provide a seat back follow-up system for a vehicle seat that overcomes at least one drawback of the prior art.
  • One aspect of the present disclosure relates to a seat back follow-up system for a vehicle seat including a seat cushion frame and a backrest frame pivotable forward and backward relative to the seat cushion frame, wherein the seat back Follow-up systems include:
  • first plate provided on the seat cushion frame, the first plate being provided with an outwardly extending guide
  • a second plate is provided on the backrest frame, the second plate is pivotably connected to the first plate at the pivot, and is provided with an arc-shaped guide groove with the pivot as the center and a radius of L, the arc
  • the shaped guide groove includes opposing starting ends and terminating ends;
  • An unlocking mechanism configured to unlock the first plate and the second plate from a non-pivotable locked state to a pivotable state, and including a housing mounted to the first plate, and a movable body movable relative to the housing. unlock lever;
  • the guide piece and the unlocking lever are respectively located at the starting end and the ending end of the arc-shaped guide groove, so that the first plate and the second plate are in a non-pivotable locked state;
  • the unlocking lever when the unlocking condition is met, the unlocking lever is withdrawn from the terminal end of the arc-shaped guide groove, so that the first plate and the second plate are transformed from the non-pivotable locking state to the pivotable state, and the arc-shaped guide groove can Following the guide from the starting end toward the ending end causes the seat back to automatically rotate forward.
  • the arcuate guide groove has a free segment, and the size of the free segment is greater than or equal to the corresponding size of the guide.
  • the free section is provided with a bushing made of a low friction coefficient material to reduce or control the frictional resistance of the guide through the free section.
  • the arc-shaped guide groove also has an energy-absorbing segment, and the size of the energy-absorbing segment is smaller than the corresponding size of the guide, wherein the free segment is disposed adjacent to the starting end, and the energy-absorbing segment is disposed adjacent to the terminating end.
  • the second plate is provided with a fracture-type energy-absorbing structure upstream of the arc-shaped guide groove.
  • the fractured energy-absorbing structure includes a plurality of weakening slots spaced apart from the arcuate guide slots.
  • the first plate is provided with a first pivot hole at the pivot axis
  • the second plate is provided with a second pivot hole at the pivot axis
  • the pivot fastener passes through the first pivot hole and the third pivot hole. Two pivot holes to pivotally connect the second plate to the first plate.
  • the first plate is further provided with a receiving hole for receiving the guide member and a fixing hole for fixing the unlocking mechanism.
  • the receiving hole and the fixing hole are positioned corresponding to the starting end and the ending part of the arc-shaped guide groove. end, and is spaced a distance L from the first pivot hole.
  • the first pivot hole is disposed above the front of the receiving hole and the fixing hole
  • the second pivot hole is disposed above the front of the arc-shaped guide groove.
  • the electronic control unit is configured to detect the collision acceleration and backrest angle of the vehicle, and when the collision acceleration and backrest angle meet the set threshold, issue an unlocking instruction to the unlocking mechanism to guide the unlocking lever from the arc. The terminating end of the slot is withdrawn.
  • the first panel includes a cushion wall panel located on the left or right side of the cushion frame.
  • the second panel includes a recliner lower connection panel located on the left or right side of the recliner at the lower end of the backrest frame.
  • the recliner includes a first part and a second part that are rotatable relative to each other, the first part being fixed to the main body of the backrest frame, and the second part being fixed to the recliner lower connection plate, the recliner lower connection plate
  • the panel is in turn operatively connected to the first panel via the seatback follower system.
  • the unlocking mechanism is a powder-triggered unlocking structure or an electromagnetic-triggered unlocking mechanism.
  • the unlocking mechanism further includes a piston and a driving assembly.
  • the piston is fixed in the inner chamber of the housing through temporary fixing means, and the driving assembly pushes the piston in the inner chamber after overcoming the resistance of the temporary fixing means. Rapid movement in the chamber.
  • the temporary securing means is selected from the group consisting of interference fits, adhesives, and frangible connections.
  • the inner chamber is connected to the outside through the opening, and the unlocking rod passes through the opening from the outside of the housing and is connected to the piston or is integrally formed with the piston, so that the piston can drive the unlocking rod to move relative to the housing.
  • the unlocking lever is arranged in a substantially T-shape, and the bottom end of the T-shape is connected to the piston, and the top end of the T-shape is used to be inserted into the arc-shaped guide groove of the lower connecting plate of the angle adjuster and located in the arc-shaped guide groove. at the end of the slot.
  • the driving assembly includes an ignition tube, and the ignition tube ignites gunpowder and generates high-pressure gas after passing an electric current to push the piston to rapidly displace in the inner chamber.
  • the piston is provided with one or more O-rings
  • the opening of the inner chamber is provided with a sealing block
  • the ignition tube is fixed to the housing and is connected with the piston, the O-ring, the housing, the sealing block, and the unlocking
  • the enclosed space enclosed by the rods is in fluid communication.
  • the annular area of the piston is larger than the annular area of the sealing block, so that the high-pressure gas generated by the ignition tube can push the piston to move rapidly in one direction.
  • a short-circuit ring is provided at the pin of the ignition tube to prevent false triggering of the ignition tube.
  • Another aspect of the present disclosure relates to a vehicle seat, which includes the above-mentioned seat back following system, which is installed on the seat cushion frame and/or the backrest frame.
  • Figures 1A and 1B respectively show side views of a vehicle seat equipped with a seat back follow-up system in different states
  • Figure 2A shows an exploded perspective view of the seat back follow-up system
  • Figures 2B and 2C show assembled perspective views of the seat back follow-up system from different angles
  • Figures 3A and 3B respectively show perspective views of the cushion frame and backrest frame of a vehicle seat equipped with a seatback follow-up system
  • Figures 4A and 4B respectively show front views of two exemplary angle adjuster lower connecting plates
  • Figures 5A and 5B respectively show cross-sectional views of an exemplary unlocking mechanism in different usage states
  • Figures 6A and 6B respectively show a side view and an enlarged side view of a vehicle seat equipped with a seat back follow-up system when it is in a large inclination position;
  • Figures 7A and 7B respectively show a side view and an enlarged side view of a vehicle seat equipped with a seat back follow-up system during pivoting from a large inclination position to a small inclination position;
  • FIGS. 8A and 8B respectively show a side view and an enlarged side view of the vehicle seat equipped with the seat back follow-up system reaching a small inclination position.
  • an element is referred to as being “on,” “attached to,” “connected to” another element, “coupled to” another element, or “contacting” another element.
  • the element can be directly on, attached to, connected to, coupled to, or contacting another element, or intervening elements may be present.
  • one element is said to be “directly on,” “directly attached to,” “directly connected to” another element, “directly coupled to” another element, or, or " When in direct contact with another element, there will be no intervening element.
  • a feature being arranged “adjacent” to another feature may mean that one feature has a portion that overlaps the adjacent feature or that is located above or below the adjacent feature.
  • spatial relationship terms such as “upper”, “lower”, “left”, “right”, “front”, “back”, “high”, “low”, etc. can describe the relationship between one feature and another feature. relationship in the attached figure. It will be understood that the spatially relative terms encompass different orientations of the device in use or operation in addition to the orientation depicted in the drawings. For example, if the device in the figures is turned over, features described as “below” other features would now be described as “above” other features. The device may be otherwise oriented (rotated 90 degrees or at other orientations) and the relative spatial relationships will be interpreted accordingly.
  • the vehicle seat 1 includes a seat cushion frame 2 and a backrest frame 3 pivotable forward and backward relative to the seat cushion frame 2 .
  • the backrest frame 3 When the backrest frame 3 is in a large backward inclination position relative to the seat cushion frame 2, the driver and passengers are in a working or leisure sitting posture, and the backward inclination angle between the human trunk line and the vertical line is large, for example, greater than 40°. ⁇ 45°.
  • the risk of injury to the driver and passengers will be much higher than the risk when the backrest frame 3 is in a small inclination position.
  • the seat back follow-up system 4 is used to prevent the driver and passengers from completing the full collision process when the back frame 3 is in a large inclination position relative to the seat cushion frame 2.
  • 1A and 1B respectively show side views of the seat back follow-up system 4 in different states. As shown in the figure, the seat back following system 4 is installed on the back frame 3 and/or the seat cushion frame 2 of the seat. If the unlocking conditions are met, the unlocking mechanism of the seat back follow-up system 4 is unlocked.
  • the seat back follow-up system 4 can automatically pivot the backrest frame 3 forward quickly from the large inclination position shown in Figure 1A to the small inclination position shown in Figure 1B.
  • the seat back follow-up system 4 can also absorb part of the kinetic energy of the driver and occupants. Therefore, the seat back follow-up system 4 can reduce the damage to the driver and passengers from many aspects such as a better collision position and/or absorbing the kinetic energy of the driver and passengers.
  • FIG. 2A shows an exploded perspective view of the seat back follow-up system 4
  • FIGS. 2B and 2C show assembled perspective views of the seat back follow-up system 4 from different angles.
  • the seat back follower system 4 includes a first plate 200 provided on the seat cushion frame 2 and a second plate 300 provided on the backrest frame 3, and the second plate 300 is pivotable at the pivot axis. Connected to first board 200.
  • the seat back follower system 4 further includes an unlocking mechanism 500, and the unlocking mechanism 500 can unlock the first plate 200 and the second plate 300 from a non-pivotable locked state to a pivotable state.
  • the first panel 200 may be a cushion wall panel 200 located on the left or right side of the cushion frame 2 .
  • the second plate 300 may be the lower connecting plate 300 of the recliner 400 located on the left or right side of the lower end of the backrest frame 3 .
  • the recliner 400 includes a first part and a second part rotatable relative to each other. The main body of the backrest frame 3 is fixed to the first part, while the second part is fixed to the recliner lower connecting plate 300 . The recliner lower connecting plate 300 is then operatively connected to the seat cushion wall panel 200 and the entire seat cushion frame 2 through the seat back follower system 4 .
  • the driver and the passenger can adjust the inclination angle of the backrest frame 3 relative to the lower connecting plate 300 of the recliner, the seat cushion wall panel 200 and the entire seat cushion frame 2 through the recliner 400 .
  • the backrest frame 3 is relatively fixed to the lower connecting plate 300 of the recliner.
  • the seat back follow-up system 4 can Automatically pivot the backrest frame 3 and the recliner lower connecting plate 300 forward quickly to a small inclination position relative to the seat cushion wall plate 200 and the entire seat cushion frame 2 .
  • the structure of the first plate 200 and the second plate 300 will be described below by taking the cushion wall plate 200 and the angle adjuster lower connecting plate 300 as examples. However, it should be understood that the first plate 200 may belong to the cushion frame 2 or be connected to the cushion. any other panel of the frame 2 and the second panel 300 may be any other panel belonging to or connected to the backrest frame 3 .
  • the cushion wall panel 200 is provided with a pivot hole 210 .
  • the lower connecting plate 300 of the angle adjuster is provided with a pivot hole 310.
  • Fasteners 610 such as bolts, may pass through the pivot holes 210 of the seat cushion wall panel 200 and the pivot holes 310 of the recliner lower connection plate 300 to pivotally connect the recliner lower connection plate 300 to the seat cushion. Siding 200. Thereby, the recliner lower connecting plate 300 can pivot relative to the seat cushion wall panel 200 around the fastener 610 .
  • a circular bushing 611 may be provided in pivot hole 310 .
  • the cushion wall panel 200 is also provided with a receiving hole 240 and a fixing hole 250 (which can be a closed circle, an open U-shape, or any suitable shape) spaced apart from the pivot hole 210 by a distance L and spaced apart from each other, so as to Guides 610, 620 (described in detail below) and a fixed unlocking mechanism 500 are received respectively.
  • the lower connecting plate 300 of the angle adjuster is provided with an arc-shaped guide groove 340, and the central axis of the arc-shaped guide groove 340 is designed in an arc shape with the pivot hole 310 as the center and a radius of L.
  • the arc-shaped guide groove 340 is provided with opposite starting ends 320 and ending ends 330 .
  • the positions of the starting end 320 and the ending end 330 on the lower connecting plate 300 of the recliner correspond to the positions of the receiving hole 240 and the fixing hole 250 on the seat cushion wall plate 200 respectively.
  • the pivot hole 210 is provided at the front and upper side of the receiving hole 240 and the fixing hole 250
  • the pivot hole 310 is provided at the front and upper side of the arc-shaped guide groove 340 .
  • the pivot hole 210 and the pivot hole 310 can also be provided at any other orientation of the receiving hole 240 and the fixing hole 250 and the arc-shaped guide groove 340 respectively.
  • the guide member 620 (such as a bolt) may pass through the receiving hole 240 of the cushion wall panel 200 into the arc-shaped guide groove 340 of the recliner lower connecting plate 300 and be located at the starting end 320 of the arc-shaped guide groove 340.
  • the arc-shaped guide groove 340 can travel along the guide 620 from the starting end 320 to guide the angle adjustment.
  • the lower connecting plate 300 pivots forward relative to the cushion wall panel 200 around the fastener 610 .
  • the unlocking mechanism 500 includes a housing 542 installed to the seat cushion wall panel 200 and an unlocking lever 530 that is movable relative to the housing 542 .
  • the unlocking lever 530 extends outward from the housing 542, passes through the fixing hole 250 of the seat cushion wall plate 200, enters the arc-shaped guide groove 340 of the angle adjuster lower connecting plate 300, and is located at the center of the arc-shaped guide groove 340. Terminate at end 330.
  • the guide 620 and the unlocking rod 530 of the unlocking mechanism 500 are respectively inserted into the two opposite ends of the arc-shaped guide groove 340 (ie, the starting end 320 and the ending end 330). position, so that the lower connecting plate 300 of the recliner is locked relative to the seat cushion wall plate 200 and cannot pivot around the fastener 610 .
  • the unlocking lever 530 is withdrawn from the terminal end 330 of the arc-shaped guide groove 340 .
  • the recliner lower connecting plate 300 can pivot around the fastener 610 relative to the seat cushion wall plate 200, thereby releasing the locked state of the recliner lower connecting plate 300 relative to the seat cushion wall plate 200. Therefore, the arc-shaped guide groove 340 can travel along the guide member 620 from the starting end 320 toward the ending end 330 to guide the adjuster lower connecting plate 300 to pivot forward relative to the seat cushion wall plate 200 around the fastener 610 . change.
  • the unlocking triggering method of the unlocking mechanism 500 may be gunpowder triggering, electromagnetic triggering, etc.
  • Figure 4A shows a front view of the lower connecting plate 300 of the angle adjuster.
  • the arc-shaped guide groove 340 has an arc-shaped free section T1 and an arc-shaped energy-absorbing section T2 along the direction of its central axis.
  • the free section T1 is adjacent to the starting end 320 and has a dimension A1 (e.g., a slot width) greater than or equal to a corresponding dimension (e.g., a diameter) of the guide 620 such that the guide 620 can freely travel within the free section T1 to frame the backrest. 3.
  • A1 e.g., a slot width
  • a corresponding dimension e.g., a diameter
  • the backward tilt angle between the human trunk line and the vertical line is usually less than 45°.
  • the energy-absorbing section T2 is adjacent to the terminal end 330, and the dimension A2 (for example, the groove width) is smaller than the corresponding size (for example, the diameter) of the guide 620, so that the guide 620 and the hole wall material of the energy-absorbing section T2 are extruded and deformed against each other, It absorbs the kinetic energy of the seat back itself and the driver and passengers to further reduce the damage to the human body.
  • the backward angle between the human trunk line and the vertical line continues to become smaller, which is beneficial to the restraint of the driver and passengers.
  • the angle and size of the arc segments T1 and T2 may vary according to different vehicle collision characteristics.
  • the arc-shaped guide groove 340 can also be provided with two or more free segments T1 and/or two or more energy-absorbing segments T2, and each energy-absorbing segment T2 is determined according to its relative position relative to the guide member. 620 interference to define their respective resistance characteristics.
  • the arc-shaped guide groove 340 starts from the starting end 320 and freely passes through the entire free section T1 along the guide member 620; After the energy section T2, the arc-shaped guide groove 340 absorbs the kinetic energy of the seat back itself and the driver and passenger, and follows the guide 620 through part of the energy-absorbing section T2, or through the entire energy-absorbing section T2 to the end end 330.
  • a bushing 621 may be provided on the free section T1 of the arcuate guide groove 340 .
  • the bushing 621 may be provided in a generally U-shape to match the outer contour shape of the free segment T1.
  • the bushing 621 may be made of a material with a low friction coefficient to reduce the frictional resistance of the guide 620 passing through the free section T1 or to adjust the frictional resistance.
  • Figure 4B shows a front view of another embodiment of the angle adjuster lower connection plate 300.
  • the arc-shaped guide groove 340 may only have a free section T1 without an energy-absorbing section T2.
  • the recliner lower connecting plate 300 is provided with a fracture-type energy-absorbing structure 350 upstream of the arc-shaped guide groove 340 .
  • the fractured energy-absorbing structure 350 may be, for example, a plurality of weakening slots spaced apart from the arcuate guide groove 340 .
  • the guide 620 starts from the starting end 320 of the arcuate guide groove 340 and travels through the entire free section T1 to the ending end 330, and then passes through
  • the fractured energy-absorbing structure 330 also absorbs the kinetic energy of the seat back itself and the driver and passengers.
  • the unlocking mechanism 500 may be a powder-triggered unlocking mechanism, an electromagnetic-triggered unlocking mechanism, or other mechanisms.
  • Figure 5A shows a cross-sectional view of an example of a powder-triggered unlocking mechanism 500.
  • the unlocking mechanism 500 includes a housing 542 and a piston 520 disposed in an inner chamber of the housing 542 .
  • the housing 542 is mounted to the cushion wall panel 200 through fasteners such as screws.
  • the piston 520 can be fixed in the inner chamber through temporary fixing means such as interference fit, bonding, fragile connectors, etc., and can be quickly displaced in the inner chamber after overcoming the resistance of the temporary fixing means through gunpowder detonation or other methods.
  • the inner chamber communicates with the outside world through the opening, and the unlocking rod 530 can be connected to the piston 520 from the outside of the housing 542 through the opening, or be formed integrally with the piston 520, so that the piston 520 can drive the unlocking rod 530 to move relative to the housing 542.
  • the unlocking lever 530 can be arranged in a substantially T-shape, with the bottom end of the T-shape connected to the piston 520 , and the top end of the T-shape inserted into the arc-shaped guide groove 340 of the angle adjuster lower connecting plate 300 and located at the center of the arc-shaped guide groove 340 Terminate at end 330.
  • one or more O-rings 545 may be provided on the piston 520, and a sealing block 547 may be provided at the opening of the inner chamber to seal the piston 520, the O-ring 545, the housing 542, The space 546 surrounded by the unlocking rod 530 and the sealing block 547 is sealed.
  • the unlocking mechanism 500 also includes a driving assembly 510 for driving the piston 520 and the unlocking rod 530 to move against the resistance of the temporary fixation means.
  • the driving assembly 510 may include an ignition tube 540, and the ignition tube 540 ignites gunpowder and generates high-pressure gas after passing an electric current to push the piston 520 to rapidly displace in the inner chamber.
  • the ignition tube 540 can be fixed to the lower part of the housing 542 through a nut 541 and is in fluid communication with the space 546 .
  • the short-circuit ring 544 can be disposed at the pin of the ignition tube 540 to prevent the ignition tube 540 from being accidentally triggered.
  • the short-circuit ring 544 can be fixed to the inside of the outer cover 543 by means of interference fit or the like, and the outer cover 543 is fixed on the nut 541 by means of snap fit or the like.
  • the ignition tube 540 ignites the gunpowder according to the set ignition strategy, so that the ignition tube 540, the piston 520, the housing 542, the unlocking rod 530 and the sealing block High-pressure gas is rapidly generated in the enclosed space 546 formed by 547. Since the annular area of the piston 520 is larger than the annular area of the sealing block 547, the high-pressure gas pushes the piston 520 to move rapidly in the laterally inward direction, thereby driving the unlocking rod 530 to separate from the arc-shaped guide groove 340 of the lower connecting plate 300 of the angle adjuster, as shown in Figure As shown in 5B.
  • Figures 6A and 6B respectively show a side view and an enlarged side view of the vehicle seat 1 in a large inclination position
  • Figures 7A and 7B respectively show
  • Figures 8A and 8B respectively show a side view and an enlarged side view of the vehicle seat 1 when it reaches a small inclination position.
  • the unlocking mechanism 500 sets the angle adjuster lower connecting plate 300 and the seat cushion wall plate 200 to the locked state, that is, the guide 620 is located at the angle adjustment position.
  • the unlocking rod 530 of the unlocking mechanism 500 extends outward to the terminal end 330 of the arc-shaped guide groove 340 of the lower connecting plate 300 . At this time, the passenger can use the recliner 400 to adjust the backrest frame 3 to a large inclination position relative to the seat cushion frame 2 .
  • the vehicle's electronic control unit (ECU) detects the collision acceleration and backrest angle.
  • the electronic control unit (ECU) issues an unlocking instruction to the unlocking mechanism 500, that is, the unlocking conditions are met.
  • the ignition tube 540 of the unlocking mechanism 500 ignites the gunpowder and rapidly generates high-pressure gas in the closed space 546 formed by the ignition tube 540, the piston 520, the housing 542, the unlocking rod 530 and the sealing block 547.
  • the high-pressure gas pushes the piston 520 to move rapidly in the laterally inward direction, driving the unlocking rod 530 to separate from the arc guide groove 340 of the angle adjuster lower connecting plate 300, thereby releasing the angle adjuster lower connecting plate 300 from the seat cushion wall plate 200. Locked status.
  • the backrest frame 3 automatically rotates forward relative to the seat cushion frame 2 along with the collision direction under the action of the inertia of the seat itself and the tension of the seat belt restraining the driver and passengers. Therefore, the arc-shaped guide groove 340 of the recliner lower connecting plate 300 can run along the guide 620 to guide the recliner lower connecting plate 300 to pivot around the fastener 610 relative to the seat cushion wall panel 200 . Specifically, as shown in FIGS. 7A and 7B , the arc-shaped guide groove 340 starts from the starting end 320 and freely passes through the entire free section T1 along the guide 620 to quickly follow the backrest frame 3 to the restrained driving position. A more effective position for personnel.
  • the backward tilt angle between the human trunk line and the vertical line is usually less than 45°.
  • the arc-shaped guide groove 340 absorbs the energy of the vehicle collision, and follows the guide 620 through the entire energy-absorbing section T2 to the end end 330 , where the backrest frame 3 will no longer rotate; or, after reaching the energy-absorbing section T2, the arc-shaped guide groove 340 absorbs the kinetic energy of the seat back itself and the driver and passenger, and passes through part of the energy-absorbing section T2 along the guide 620.
  • the seat back follow-up system can realize the vehicle seat to quickly and automatically rotate from a large inclination angle position to a relatively upright position in the direction of collision, and absorb energy during the follow-up process, thereby greatly improving the safety of the vehicle seat.
  • Vehicle Seat Safety can realize the vehicle seat to quickly and automatically rotate from a large inclination angle position to a relatively upright position in the direction of collision, and absorb energy during the follow-up process, thereby greatly improving the safety of the vehicle seat.
  • Vehicle Seat Safety Vehicle Seat Safety.
  • the seat back follow-up system uses an electronic control unit (ECU) to detect the position of the backrest to determine whether to activate the unlocking mechanism. It has a simple structure, a small number of parts, and a low cost.
  • ECU electronice control unit
  • the seat back follow-up system uses the thick unlocking rod of the unlocking mechanism to lock the backrest, which can ensure the static strength of the backrest.
  • the seat back follow-up system uses the ECU to control the generation of high-pressure gas to unlock the unlocking mechanism, and has good stability.

Abstract

一种用于车辆座椅的座椅靠背随动系统，其包括：设置在坐垫框架（2）上的第一板（200），第一板（200）设有向外伸出的引导件（610、620）；设置在靠背框架（3）上的第二板（300），第二板（300）在枢轴处可枢转地连接至第一板（200），并且设有以枢轴为圆心且半径为L的弧形引导槽（340），弧形引导槽（340）包括相对的起始端部（320）和终止端部（330）；和解锁机构（500），解锁机构（500）构造成将第一板（200）和第二板（300）从不可枢转的锁定状态解锁至可枢转状态，并且包括安装至第一板（200）的壳体（542）、以及相对于壳体（542）可动的解锁杆（530）。当符合解锁条件时，解锁杆（530）从弧形引导槽（340）的终止端部（330）撤出，使得座椅靠背自动地向前转动。该座椅靠背随动系统极大提高了车辆座椅的安全性。

Description

用于车辆座椅的座椅靠背随动系统 技术领域
本发明涉及车辆碰撞安全领域，特别涉及一种用于车辆座椅的座椅靠背随动系统。
背景技术
目前车辆领域中的安全带，除特殊用途的车辆以外，大多数的车辆安全带采用三点式安全带，其中，至少有两个锚点或固定点是固定在车身结构上，另外一个点是锁扣，可以固定在座椅上，当然，也有将车辆安全带的三个点都固定在车身上的设计。车身上的固定点作为安全带的锚点，需要有足够的强度并且不能松脱，以提供安全带在碰撞过程中给驾乘人的约束力，但过大的约束力又会给驾乘人员胸部产生伤害，所以就有了限力安全带。在车辆行驶过程中，如果将靠背放倒，乘员半躺或完全躺倒进行休息，若此时发生车辆正面碰撞，固定在车身结构上的传统安全带及气囊对乘员将无法提供有效保护。
随着车辆智能化、自动驾驶或无人驾驶技术的发展，将会部分解放或完全解放车内驾驶人员对驾驶过程的关注，车内的驾驶员、尤其副驾侧的乘员将有更多可能的坐姿。可以归纳出三种坐姿，1)正常驾乘坐姿，2)工作坐姿，3)休闲坐姿。具体正常驾乘坐姿是指驾乘人员完全关注车辆的行驶状况，一般座椅靠背调节座椅的设计位置，如25度左右；工作坐姿，驾乘人员将不关注车辆行驶状况，可以在车辆内进行工作或娱乐，座椅靠背调节到45度左右；而对于休闲坐姿，驾、乘人员彻底不关注车辆行驶，可以闭眼休息，座椅靠背调节到60度，甚至更大角度。
现有技术中的车辆座椅，尤其是前排座椅的靠背在调整角度后，座椅靠背通过座椅调角器将靠背角度锁止并固定，在发生碰撞时座椅靠背是不能进行转动的，交通事故的驾乘人员伤害统计分析表明，当发生不可避免的正面或侧面碰撞之后，现有技术或传统车辆安全约束系统，包括固定在座椅上的安全带，很难有效地保护处于工作坐姿或者休闲坐姿的驾乘人员，甚至还会使得伤害更为严重。因为，现有的碰撞安全技术方案是仅针对于驾乘人员处于驾乘位置或根据座椅的设计位置而进行的碰撞安全伤害进行保护的。
发明内容
本公开的目的之一是提供一种能够克服现有技术中至少一个缺陷的用于车辆座椅的座椅靠背随动系统。
本公开的一方面涉及一种用于车辆座椅的座椅靠背随动系统，所述车辆座椅包括坐垫框架、以及可相对于坐垫框架前后枢转的靠背框架，其中，所述座椅靠背随动系统包括：
设置在坐垫框架上的第一板，所述第一板设有向外伸出的引导件；
设置在靠背框架上的第二板，所述第二板在枢轴处可枢转地连接至第一板，并且设有以枢轴为圆心且半径为L的弧形引导槽，所述弧形引导槽包括相对的起始端部和终止端部；和
解锁机构，所述解锁机构构造成将第一板和第二板从不可枢转的锁定状态解锁至可枢转状态，并且包括安装至第一板的壳体、以及相对于壳体可动的解锁杆；
其中，在车辆处于正常使用状态下，引导件和解锁杆分别位于弧形引导槽的起始端部和终止端部处，从而第一板和第二板处于不可枢转的锁定状态；
其中，当符合解锁条件时，解锁杆从弧形引导槽的终止端部撤出，从而第一板和第二板从不可枢转的锁定状态转变到可枢转状态，并且弧形引导槽能够顺着引导件从起始端部朝向终止端部行进，使得座椅靠背自动地向前转动。
在一些实施例中，弧形引导槽具有自由段，并且自由段的尺寸大于或等于引导件的对应尺寸。
在一些实施例中，自由段设有由低摩擦系数材料制成的衬套，以减小或控制引导件通过自由段的摩擦阻力。
在一些实施例中，弧形引导槽还具有吸能段，并且吸能段的尺寸小于引导件的对应尺寸，其中，自由段设置成邻近起始端部，并且吸能段设置成邻近终止端部。
在一些实施例中，沿着第二板相对于第一板枢转的方向，第二板在弧形引导槽的上游设有断裂式吸能结构。
在一些实施例中，断裂式吸能结构包括与弧形引导槽间隔开的多个弱化狭槽。
在一些实施例中，第一板在枢轴处设有第一枢转孔，第二板在枢轴处设有第二枢转孔，枢转紧固件穿过第一枢转孔和第二枢转孔，以将第二板可枢转地连接至第一板。
在一些实施例中，第一板还设有接收引导件的接收孔和固定解锁机构的固定孔，所述接收孔和所述固定孔在位置上对应于弧形引导槽的起始端部和终止端部，并且与第一枢转孔间隔开距离L。
在一些实施例中，第一枢转孔设置在接收孔和固定孔的前上方，并且第二枢转孔设置在弧形引导槽的前上方。
在一些实施例中，电子控制单元被构造成检测车辆的碰撞加速度和靠背角度，并且在碰撞加速度和靠背角度满足设定阈值的情况下向解锁机构发出解锁指令，以将解锁杆从弧形引导槽的终止端部撤出。
在一些实施例中，第一板包括位于坐垫框架的左侧或右侧的坐垫壁板。
在一些实施例中，第二板包括位于靠背框架的下端部的左侧或右侧的调角器的调角器下连接板。
在一些实施例中，调角器包括可相对于彼此转动的第一部分和第二部分，第一部分固定至靠背框架的主体，而第二部分固定至调角器下连接板，调角器下连接板继而通过座椅靠背随动系统可操作地连接至第一板。
在一些实施例中，解锁机构为火药触发式解锁结构或者电磁触发式解锁机构。
在一些实施例中，解锁机构还包括活塞和驱动组件，所述活塞通过临时固定手段固定在壳体的内腔室中，并且所述驱动组件在克服临时固定手段的阻力后推动活塞在内腔室中快速位移。
在一些实施例中，所述临时固定手段选自包括过盈配合、粘合和脆弱连接件的组。
在一些实施例中，内腔室通过开口与外界连通，并且解锁杆从壳体的外部穿过开口与活塞相连或与活塞一体形成，从而活塞能够带动解锁杆相对于壳体运动。
在一些实施例中，解锁杆设置成大致T形，并且T形的底端连接至活塞，而T形的顶端用于插入调角器下连接板的弧形引导槽中、并且位于弧形引导槽的终止端部处。
在一些实施例中，驱动组件包括点火管，并且点火管在通过电流后引燃火药并产生高压气体，以推动活塞在内腔室中快速位移。
在一些实施例中，活塞设有一个或多个O型圈，内腔室的开口设有密封块，并且点火管固定至壳体且与由活塞、O型圈、壳体、密封块和解锁杆围成的密闭空间流体连通。
在一些实施例中，活塞的环形面积大于密封块的环形面积，从而点火管产生的高压气体能够推动活塞单向快速位移。
在一些实施例中，短路环设置在点火管的pin针处，以防止点火管发生误触发。
本公开的另一方面涉及一种车辆座椅，所述车辆座椅包括上述的座椅靠背随动系统，所述座椅靠背随动系统被安装在坐垫框架和/或靠背框架上。
本公开的主题技术的其它特征和优点将在下面的描述中阐述，并且部分地将从所述描述显而易见，或者可以通过实践本公开的主题技术来学习。通过在书面说明书及其权利要求书以及附图中特别指出的结构，将实现和获得本公开的主题技术的优点。
应当理解，前述一般性描述和以下详细描述都是示例性和说明性的，并且旨在提供对要求保护的本公开的主题技术的进一步说明。
附图说明
在结合附图阅读下文的具体实施方式后，将更好地理解本公开的多个方面，在附图中：
图1A和1B分别示出安装有座椅靠背随动系统的车辆座椅的不同状态侧视图；
图2A示出座椅靠背随动系统的分解立体图，并且图2B和2C示出座椅靠背随动系统的不同角度组装立体图；
图3A和3B分别示出安装有座椅靠背随动系统的车辆座椅的坐垫框架和靠背框架的立体图；
图4A和4B分别示出两个示例性调角器下连接板的正视图；
图5A和5B分别示出一个示例性解锁机构的不同使用状态的剖视图；
图6A和6B分别示出安装有座椅靠背随动系统的车辆座椅处于大倾角位置时的侧视图和侧视放大图；
图7A和7B分别示出安装有座椅靠背随动系统的车辆座椅从大倾角位置枢转至小倾角位置过程中的侧视图和侧视放大图；
图8A和8B分别示出安装有座椅靠背随动系统的车辆座椅到达小倾角位置的侧视图和侧视放大图。
具体实施方式
以下将参照附图描述本公开，其中的附图示出了本公开的若干实施例。然而应当理解的是，本公开可以以多种不同的方式呈现出来，并不局限于下文描述的实施例；事实上，下文描述的实施例旨在使本公开的公开内容更为完整，并向本领域技术人员充分说明本公开的保护范围。还应当理解的是，本文公开的实施例能够以各种方式进行组合，从而提供更多额外的实施例。
应当理解的是，在所有附图中，相同的附图标记表示相同的元件。在附图中，为 清楚起见，某些特征的尺寸可以进行改变。
应当理解的是，说明书中的用辞仅用于描述特定的实施例，并不旨在限定本公开。说明书使用的所有术语(包括技术术语和科学术语)除非另外定义，均具有本领域技术人员通常理解的含义。为简明和/或清楚起见，公知的功能或结构可以不再详细说明。
说明书使用的单数形式“一”、“所述”和“该”除非清楚指明，均包含复数形式。说明书使用的用辞“包括”、“包含”和“含有”表示存在所声称的特征，但并不排斥存在一个或多个其它特征。说明书使用的用辞“和/或”包括相关列出项中的一个或多个的任意和全部组合。说明书使用的用辞“在X和Y之间”和“在大约X和Y之间”应当解释为包括X和Y。本说明书使用的用辞“在大约X和Y之间”的意思是“在大约X和大约Y之间”，并且本说明书使用的用辞“从大约X至Y”的意思是“从大约X至大约Y”。
在说明书中，称一个元件位于另一元件“上”、“附接”至另一元件、“连接”至另一元件、“联接”至另一元件、或“接触”另一元件等时，该元件可以直接位于另一元件上、附接至另一元件、连接至另一元件、联接至另一元件或接触另一元件，或者可以存在中间元件。相对照的是，称一个元件“直接”位于另一元件“上”、“直接附接”至另一元件、“直接连接”至另一元件、“直接联接”至另一元件或、或“直接接触”另一元件时，将不存在中间元件。在说明书中，一个特征布置成与另一特征“相邻”，可以指一个特征具有与相邻特征重叠的部分或者位于相邻特征上方或下方的部分。
在说明书中，诸如“上”、“下”、“左”、“右”、“前”、“后”、“高”、“低”等的空间关系用辞可以说明一个特征与另一特征在附图中的关系。应当理解的是，空间关系用辞除了包含附图所示的方位之外，还包含装置在使用或操作中的不同方位。例如，在附图中的装置倒转时，原先描述为在其它特征“下方”的特征，此时可以描述为在其它特征的“上方”。装置还可以以其它方式定向(旋转90度或在其它方位)，此时将相应地解释相对空间关系。
在本说明书中，根据车辆座椅上的驾乘人员定义前后的纵向方向、左右的横向方向、以及上下的竖直方向。车辆座椅1包括坐垫框架2、以及可相对于坐垫框架2前后枢转的靠背框架3。当靠背框架3相对于坐垫框架2处于向后的大倾角位置时，驾乘人员处于工作坐姿或者休闲坐姿，并且人体躯干线和竖直线之间的后倾夹角较大，例如大于40°～45°。此时车辆发生前部碰撞，驾乘人员受到伤害的风险将远高于靠背框架3处于小倾角位置情况下的风险。
根据本公开实施例的座椅靠背随动系统4用于避免驾乘人员在靠背框架3相对于 坐垫框架2处于大倾角位置时完成全碰撞过程。图1A和1B分别示出座椅靠背随动系统4的不同状态侧视图。如图所示，座椅靠背随动系统4被安装在座椅的靠背框架3和/或坐垫框架2上。若符合解锁条件，座椅靠背随动系统4的解锁机构解锁。例如，在车辆发生前部碰撞期间，在座椅靠背惯性力及对驾乘人员进行约束的安全带上固定点的约束力的共同作用下(这里的安全带上固定点是固定在座椅靠背上)，座椅靠背随动系统4可以自动地将靠背框架3从图1A所示的大倾角位置迅速向前枢转至图1B所示的小倾角位置。在向前枢转过程中，座椅靠背随动系统4还可以吸收部分的驾乘人员的动能。因此，座椅靠背随动系统4可以从更优的碰撞位置和/或吸收驾乘人员的动能等多方面减轻对驾乘人员的伤害。
图2A示出座椅靠背随动系统4的分解立体图，并且图2B和2C示出座椅靠背随动系统4的不同角度组装立体图。如图所示，座椅靠背随动系统4包括设置在坐垫框架2上的第一板200和设置在靠背框架3上的第二板300，并且第二板300在枢轴处可枢转地连接至第一板200。座椅靠背随动系统4还包括解锁机构500，并且该解锁机构500可以将第一板200和第二板300从不可枢转的锁定状态解锁至可枢转状态。
如图3A所示，第一板200可以是位于坐垫框架2的左侧或右侧的坐垫壁板200。如图3B所示，第二板300可以是位于靠背框架3的下端部的左侧或右侧的调角器400的调角器下连接板300。调角器400包括可相对于彼此转动的第一部分和第二部分。靠背框架3的主体固定至第一部分，而第二部分固定至调角器下连接板300。调角器下连接板300继而通过座椅靠背随动系统4可操作地连接至坐垫壁板200以及整个坐垫框架2。在非碰撞情况下，驾乘人员可以通过调角器400调节靠背框架3相对于调角器下连接板300、坐垫壁板200以及整个坐垫框架2的倾角。而在调角器400不进行调节的情况下，靠背框架3相对于调角器下连接板300上相对固定的。在碰撞情况下，若符合解锁条件，随着车辆前部碰撞过程，在座椅靠背惯性力及对驾乘人员进行约束的安全带上的约束力共同作用下，座椅靠背随动系统4可以自动地将靠背框架3和调角器下连接板300相对于坐垫壁板200和整个坐垫框架2快速向前枢转至小倾角位置。下文将以坐垫壁板200和调角器下连接板300为例说明第一板200和第二板300的结构，但是应该理解的是，第一板200可以是属于坐垫框架2或者连接至坐垫框架2的任何其他板，并且第二板300可以是属于靠背框架3或者连接至靠背框架3的任何其他板。
返回图2A-2C，坐垫壁板200设有枢转孔210。相应的，调角器下连接板300设 有枢转孔310。紧固件610(诸如螺栓)可以穿过坐垫壁板200的枢转孔210和调角器下连接板300的枢转孔310，以将调角器下连接板300可枢转地连接至坐垫壁板200。由此，调角器下连接板300可以绕紧固件610相对于坐垫壁板200枢转。在一些实施例中，可以在枢转孔310中设置圆形衬套611。
坐垫壁板200还设有与枢转孔210间隔开一段距离L且彼此间隔开的接收孔240和固定孔250(其可以为封闭的圆形、敞开的U形或者任意合适的形状)，以分别接收引导件610、620(下文将详述)和固定解锁机构500。相应的，调角器下连接板300设有弧形引导槽340，并且弧形引导槽340的中心轴线设计成以枢转孔310为圆心且半径为L的圆弧形状。沿着调角器下连接板300相对于坐垫壁板200向前枢转的方向，弧形引导槽340设有相对的起始端部320和终止端部330。起始端部320和终止端部330在调角器下连接板300上的位置分别对应于接收孔240和固定孔250在坐垫壁板200上的位置。
在图示的实施例中，枢转孔210设置在接收孔240和固定孔250的前上方，并且枢转孔310设置在弧形引导槽340的前上方。然而，可以理解的是，枢转孔210和枢转孔310也可以分别设置在接收孔240和固定孔250以及弧形引导槽340的任何其他方位上。
引导件620(诸如螺栓)可以穿过坐垫壁板200的接收孔240进入调角器下连接板300的弧形引导槽340中，并且位于弧形引导槽340的起始端部320处。在解锁机构500将调角器下连接板300和坐垫壁板200从锁定状态解锁至可枢转状态后，弧形引导槽340可以从起始端部320顺着引导件620行进，以引导调角器下连接板300围绕紧固件610相对于坐垫壁板200向前枢转。
解锁机构500包括安装至坐垫壁板200的壳体542、以及相对于壳体542可动的解锁杆530。在出厂状态，解锁杆530从壳体542向外伸出，穿过坐垫壁板200的固定孔250进入调角器下连接板300的弧形引导槽340中，并且位于弧形引导槽340的终止端部330处。
在正常使用情况下或不符合解锁条件时，引导件620和解锁机构500的解锁杆530分别插在弧形引导槽340的相对的两个端部(即起始端部320和终止端部330)处，从而调角器下连接板300相对于坐垫壁板200锁定而无法绕紧固件610枢转。在车辆发生前部碰撞时，并符合解锁条件时，解锁杆530从弧形引导槽340的终止端部330撤出。此时，调角器下连接板300可相对于坐垫壁板200绕紧固件610枢转，从而解 除了调角器下连接板300相对于坐垫壁板200的锁定状态。由此，弧形引导槽340可以顺着引导件620从起始端部320朝向终止端部330行进，以引导调角器下连接板300围绕紧固件610相对于坐垫壁板200可以向前枢转。解锁机构500的解锁触发方式可为火药触发、电磁触发等。
图4A示出一种调角器下连接板300的正视图。如图所示，弧形引导槽340沿着其中心轴线的方向具有弧形的自由段T1和弧形的吸能段T2。自由段T1邻近起始端部320，并且尺寸A1(例如为槽宽)大于或等于引导件620的对应尺寸(例如为直径)，从而引导件620可以在自由段T1内自由行进，以将靠背框架3快速随动到对人体较为安全的位置。在完成自由段T1的枢转后，人体躯干线与竖直线之间的后倾夹角通常小于45°。吸能段T2邻近终止端部330，并且尺寸A2(例如为槽宽)小于引导件620的对应尺寸(例如为直径)，从而引导件620与吸能段T2的孔壁材料相互挤压变形，以吸收座椅靠背自身和驾乘人员部分的动能，进一步减轻对人体造成的伤害。在完成吸能段T2的枢转后，人体躯干线与竖直线之间的后倾夹角继续变小，有利于驾乘人员的约束。可以理解的是，弧形段T1和T2的角度和尺寸可以根据不同的车辆碰撞特性而变化。另外可以理解的是，弧形引导槽340也可以设置两个或更多个自由段T1、和/或两个或更多个吸能段T2，并且每个吸能段T2根据相对于引导件620的过盈量来定义各自的阻力特性。
在靠背框架3相对于坐垫框架2从大倾角位置向前枢转至小倾角位置时，弧形引导槽340从起始端部320开始，顺着引导件620自由地通过整个自由段T1；到达吸能段T2之后，弧形引导槽340吸收座椅靠背自身和驾乘人员部分的动能，并且顺着引导件620通过部分的吸能段T2、或者通过整个吸能段T2到达终止端部330。
在一些实施例中，可以在弧形引导槽340的自由段T1设置衬套621。衬套621可以设置成大致U形，以匹配自由段T1的外轮廓形状。衬套621可以由具有低摩擦系数的材料制成，以减小引导件620通过自由段T1的摩擦阻力或调整摩擦阻力大小。
图4B示出调角器下连接板300的另一个实施例的正视图。如图所示，弧形引导槽340可以只具有自由段T1，而没有吸能段T2。沿着调角器下连接板300相对于坐垫壁板200向前枢转的方向，调角器下连接板300在弧形引导槽340的上游设有断裂式吸能结构350。断裂式吸能结构350可以例如是与弧形引导槽340间隔开的多个弱化狭槽。在靠背框架3相对于坐垫框架2从大倾角位置枢转至小倾角位置时，引导件620从弧形引导槽340的起始端部320开始行进通过整个自由段T1到达终止端部330， 之后经过断裂式吸能结构330并且吸收座椅靠背自身和驾乘人员部分的动能。
如上所述，解锁机构500可以是火药触发式解锁机构、电磁触发式解锁机构或者其它机构。图5A示出一种火药触发式解锁机构500的一个示例的剖视图。如图所示，解锁机构500包括壳体542、以及设置在壳体542的内腔室中的活塞520。壳体542通过螺钉等紧固件安装至坐垫壁板200。活塞520可以通过过盈配合、粘结、脆弱连接件等临时固定手段固定在内腔室中，并且在通过火药点爆等方式克服临时固定手段的阻力后能够在内腔室中快速位移。内腔室通过开口与外界连通，并且解锁杆530可以从壳体542的外部穿过开口与活塞520相连、或与活塞520一体形成，从而活塞520能够带动解锁杆530相对于壳体542运动。解锁杆530可以设置成大致T形，并且T形的底端连接至活塞520，而T形的顶端插入调角器下连接板300的弧形引导槽340中，并且位于弧形引导槽340的终止端部330处。在一些实施例中，活塞520上可以设有一个或多个O型圈545，并且内腔室的开口处可以设有密封块547，以对由活塞520、O型圈545、壳体542、解锁杆530和密封块547围成的空间546进行密封。
解锁机构500还包括用于克服临时固定手段的阻力以驱动活塞520和解锁杆530运动的驱动组件510。驱动组件510可以包括点火管540，并且点火管540在通过电流后引燃火药并产生高压气体，以推动活塞520在内腔室中快速位移。点火管540可以通过螺母541固定至壳体542的下方处，并且与空间546流体连通。短路环544可以设置在点火管540的pin针处，以防止点火管540发生误触发。短路环544可以通过过盈配合等方式固定至外盖543的内部，并且外盖543通过卡扣配合等方式固定在螺母541上。
在符合解锁条件时(如在车辆发生前部碰撞时)，根据设定的点火策略，点火管540引燃火药，从而在由点火管540、活塞520、壳体542、解锁杆530和密封块547形成的密闭空间546内迅速产生高压气体。由于活塞520的环形面积大于密封块547的环形面积，高压气体推动活塞520沿横向向内的方向快速移动，从而带动解锁杆530脱离调角器下连接板300的弧形引导槽340，如图5B所示。
下面结合图6A-8B说明座椅靠背随动系统4的操作过程，其中图6A和6B分别示出车辆座椅1处于大倾角位置时的侧视图和侧视放大图；图7A和7B分别示出车辆座椅1从大倾角位置枢转至小倾角位置过程中的侧视图和侧视放大图；图8A和8B分别示出车辆座椅1到达小倾角位置的侧视图和侧视放大图。如图6A和6B所示，在车辆正常使用时(如未发生碰撞时)，解锁机构500将调角器下连接板300和坐垫壁板200 设定到锁定状态，即引导件620位于调角器下连接板300的弧形引导槽340的起始端部320处，并且解锁机构500的解锁杆530向外伸出到弧形引导槽340的终止端部330处。此时，乘客可以利用调角器400将靠背框架3调节至相对于坐垫框架2的大倾角位置。
在车辆受到前部碰撞时，车辆的电子控制单元(ECU)检测碰撞加速度和靠背角度。在碰撞加速度和靠背角度满足设定阈值的情况下，电子控制单元(ECU)向解锁机构500发出解锁指令，即符合解锁条件。由此，解锁机构500的点火管540引燃火药，并且在由点火管540、活塞520、壳体542、解锁杆530和密封块547形成的密闭空间546内迅速产生高压气体。高压气体推动活塞520沿横向向内的方向快速移动，带动解锁杆530脱离调角器下连接板300的弧形引导槽340，从而解除了调角器下连接板300相对于坐垫壁板200的锁定状态。
解锁机构500解锁后，靠背框架3在座椅本身惯性及约束驾乘人员的安全带的拉力作用下，相对于坐垫框架2随着碰撞方向自动地向前旋转。由此，调角器下连接板300的弧形引导槽340可以顺着引导件620行进，以引导调角器下连接板300围绕紧固件610相对于坐垫壁板200枢转。具体来说，如图7A和7B所示，弧形引导槽340从起始端部320开始，顺着引导件620自由地通过整个自由段T1，以将靠背框架3快速随动到对约束驾乘人员较为有效的位置。此时，人体躯干线与竖直线之间的后倾夹角通常小于45°。之后，如图8A和8B所示，在到达吸能段T2之后，弧形引导槽340吸收车辆碰撞的能量，并且顺着引导件620通过整个吸能段T2到达终止端部330，靠背框架3将不再转动；或者，在到达吸能段T2之后，弧形引导槽340吸收座椅靠背自身和驾乘人员部分的动能，并且顺着引导件620通过部分的吸能段T2，在乘驾人员的惯性力和固定在座椅上的安全带拉力所产生的向前转动力矩已经小于转动阻力力矩时，靠背框架3将不再转动。
因此，根据本公开实施例的座椅靠背随动系统能实现车辆座椅从大倾角位置迅速随着碰撞方向自动转动到相对直立的位置、并且在随动过程中吸能，从而极大提高了车辆座椅的安全性。
根据本公开实施例的座椅靠背随动系统通过电子控制单元(ECU)检测靠背位置来确定是否启动解锁机构，结构简单、零件数量较少、成本较低。
根据本公开实施例的座椅靠背随动系统利用解锁机构的厚实解锁杆对靠背进行锁止，能够保证靠背的静强度。
根据本公开实施例的座椅靠背随动系统通过ECU控制高压气体的产生来对解锁机构进行解锁，稳定性能好。
虽然已经描述了本公开的示范实施例，但是本领域技术人员应当理解的是，在本质上不脱离本公开的精神和范围的情况下能够对本公开的示范实施例进行多种变化和改变。因此，所有变化和改变均包含在权利要求所限定的本公开的保护范围内。本公开由所附的权利要求限定，并且这些权利要求的等同物也包含在内。

Claims (23)

  1. 一种用于车辆座椅的座椅靠背随动系统，所述车辆座椅包括坐垫框架、以及可相对于坐垫框架前后枢转的靠背框架，其特征在于，所述座椅靠背随动系统包括：
    设置在坐垫框架上的第一板，所述第一板设有向外伸出的引导件；
    设置在靠背框架上的第二板，所述第二板在枢轴处可枢转地连接至第一板，并且设有以枢轴为圆心且半径为L的弧形引导槽，所述弧形引导槽包括相对的起始端部和终止端部；和
    解锁机构，所述解锁机构构造成将第一板和第二板从不可枢转的锁定状态解锁至可枢转状态，并且包括安装至第一板的壳体、以及相对于壳体可动的解锁杆；
    其中，在车辆处于正常使用状态下，引导件和解锁杆分别位于弧形引导槽的起始端部和终止端部处，从而第一板和第二板处于不可枢转的锁定状态；
    其中，当符合解锁条件时，解锁杆从弧形引导槽的终止端部撤出，从而第一板和第二板从不可枢转的锁定状态转变到可枢转状态，并且弧形引导槽能够顺着引导件从起始端部朝向终止端部行进，使得座椅靠背自动地向前转动。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的座椅靠背随动系统，其特征在于，弧形引导槽具有自由段，并且自由段的尺寸大于或等于引导件的对应尺寸。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的座椅靠背随动系统，其特征在于，自由段设有由低摩擦系数材料制成的衬套，以减小或控制引导件通过自由段的摩擦阻力。
  4. 根据权利要求2所述的座椅靠背随动系统，其特征在于，弧形引导槽还具有吸能段，并且吸能段的尺寸小于引导件的对应尺寸，其中，自由段设置成邻近起始端部，并且吸能段设置成邻近终止端部。
  5. 根据权利要求2所述的座椅靠背随动系统，其特征在于，沿着第二板相对于第一板枢转的方向，第二板在弧形引导槽的上游设有断裂式吸能结构。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的座椅靠背随动系统，其特征在于，断裂式吸能结构包括与弧形引导槽间隔开的多个弱化狭槽。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的座椅靠背随动系统，其特征在于，第一板在枢轴处设有第一枢转孔，第二板在枢轴处设有第二枢转孔，枢转紧固件穿过第一枢转孔和第二枢转孔，以将第二板可枢转地连接至第一板。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的座椅靠背随动系统，其特征在于，第一板还设有接收引 导件的接收孔和固定解锁机构的固定孔，所述接收孔和所述固定孔在位置上对应于弧形引导槽的起始端部和终止端部，并且与第一枢转孔间隔开距离L。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的座椅靠背随动系统，其特征在于，第一枢转孔设置在接收孔和固定孔的前上方，并且第二枢转孔设置在弧形引导槽的前上方。
  10. 根据权利要求1所述的座椅靠背随动系统，其特征在于，电子控制单元被构造成检测车辆的碰撞加速度和靠背角度，并且在碰撞加速度和靠背角度满足设定阈值的情况下向解锁机构发出解锁指令，以将解锁杆从弧形引导槽的终止端部撤出。
  11. 根据权利要求1至10中任一项所述的座椅靠背随动系统，其特征在于，第一板包括位于坐垫框架的左侧或右侧的坐垫壁板。
  12. 根据权利要求1至10中任一项所述的座椅靠背随动系统，其特征在于，第二板包括位于靠背框架的下端部的左侧或右侧的调角器的调角器下连接板。
  13. 根据权利要求12所述的座椅靠背随动系统，其特征在于，调角器包括可相对于彼此转动的第一部分和第二部分，第一部分固定至靠背框架的主体，而第二部分固定至调角器下连接板，调角器下连接板继而通过座椅靠背随动系统可操作地连接至第一板。
  14. 根据权利要求1至10中任一项所述的座椅靠背随动系统，其特征在于，解锁机构为火药触发式解锁结构或者电磁触发式解锁机构。
  15. 根据权利要求1至10中任一项所述的座椅靠背随动系统，其特征在于，解锁机构还包括活塞和驱动组件，所述活塞通过临时固定手段固定在壳体的内腔室中，并且所述驱动组件在克服临时固定手段的阻力后推动活塞在内腔室中快速位移。
  16. 根据权利要求15所述的座椅靠背随动系统，其特征在于，所述临时固定手段选自包括过盈配合、粘合和脆弱连接件的组。
  17. 根据权利要求15所述的座椅靠背随动系统，其特征在于，内腔室通过开口与外界连通，并且解锁杆从壳体的外部穿过开口与活塞相连或与活塞一体形成，从而活塞能够带动解锁杆相对于壳体运动。
  18. 根据权利要求17所述的座椅靠背随动系统，其特征在于，解锁杆设置成大致T形，并且T形的底端连接至活塞，而T形的顶端用于插入调角器下连接板的弧形引导槽中、并且位于弧形引导槽的终止端部处。
  19. 根据权利要求17所述的座椅靠背随动系统，其特征在于，驱动组件包括点火管，并且点火管在通过电流后引燃火药并产生高压气体，以推动活塞在内腔室中快速 位移。
  20. 根据权利要求19所述的座椅靠背随动系统，其特征在于，活塞设有一个或多个O型圈，内腔室的开口设有密封块，并且点火管固定至壳体且与由活塞、O型圈、壳体、密封块和解锁杆围成的密闭空间流体连通。
  21. 根据权利要求20所述的座椅靠背随动系统，其特征在于，活塞的环形面积大于密封块的环形面积，从而点火管产生的高压气体能够推动活塞单向快速位移。
  22. 根据权利要求19所述的座椅靠背随动系统，其特征在于，短路环设置在点火管的pin针处，以防止点火管发生误触发。
  23. 一种车辆座椅，所述车辆座椅包括根据权利要求1-22中任一项所述的座椅靠背随动系统，所述座椅靠背随动系统被安装在坐垫框架和/或靠背框架上。
PCT/CN2022/119842 2022-03-21 2022-09-20 用于车辆座椅的座椅靠背随动系统 WO2023178953A1 (zh)

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CN113002377A (zh) * 2021-03-01 2021-06-22 宁波精成车业有限公司 一种座椅电机驱动设备
CN113459910A (zh) * 2020-03-31 2021-10-01 佛吉亚汽车座椅公司 用于车辆座椅的反应式和消散式倾角调节系统

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US5383623A (en) * 1992-02-13 1995-01-24 Takata Corporation Rotary actuator-operated seat belt pretensioner
CN101633332A (zh) * 2009-08-19 2010-01-27 浙江天成座椅有限公司 车辆座椅靠背安全保护锁止机构
DE102012019810A1 (de) * 2012-10-10 2014-04-10 Daimler Ag Sitzanlage, insbesondere Fahrzeugsitz, für einen Kraftwagen
EP2848462A1 (de) * 2014-06-03 2015-03-18 Metalsa Automotive GmbH Schwenkflügelantrieb in Sitzlehnenverstellung
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