WO2023178711A1 - 一种单份快速pcr反应芯片 - Google Patents

一种单份快速pcr反应芯片 Download PDF

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WO2023178711A1
WO2023178711A1 PCT/CN2022/083374 CN2022083374W WO2023178711A1 WO 2023178711 A1 WO2023178711 A1 WO 2023178711A1 CN 2022083374 W CN2022083374 W CN 2022083374W WO 2023178711 A1 WO2023178711 A1 WO 2023178711A1
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cylindrical
sampling hole
channel
hole
reaction
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PCT/CN2022/083374
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French (fr)
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沈照淋
周志图
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无锡百泰克生物技术有限公司
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Publication of WO2023178711A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023178711A1/zh

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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12MAPPARATUS FOR ENZYMOLOGY OR MICROBIOLOGY; APPARATUS FOR CULTURING MICROORGANISMS FOR PRODUCING BIOMASS, FOR GROWING CELLS OR FOR OBTAINING FERMENTATION OR METABOLIC PRODUCTS, i.e. BIOREACTORS OR FERMENTERS
    • C12M1/00Apparatus for enzymology or microbiology
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02ATECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A50/00TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
    • Y02A50/30Against vector-borne diseases, e.g. mosquito-borne, fly-borne, tick-borne or waterborne diseases whose impact is exacerbated by climate change

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  • the utility model relates to the technical field of biological detection, in particular to a single-part rapid PCR reaction chip.
  • PCR instrument also known as PCR gene amplifier, PCR nucleic acid amplifier, polymerase chain reaction nucleic acid amplifier, is an instrument that uses PCR (Polymerase chain reaction, polymerase chain reaction) technology to amplify specific DNA.
  • PCR Polymerase chain reaction, polymerase chain reaction
  • PCR testing has become the "gold standard" for clinical diagnosis.
  • PCR chips are used in micro-PCR reaction systems.
  • Chinese patent CN210945600U discloses a multiplex PCR chip and a multiplex PCR device containing it. Combining the description and drawings of the patent, it can be seen that the PCR chip is protected from light by seals arranged sequentially from top to bottom. The film, panel and bottom film are bonded together. The sealing and light-proof film needs to be affixed after manual sample addition. The affixed film should expose the reaction pool area, and there are multiple reaction pools arranged in sequence on the PCR chip panel. The accuracy of the pasting position is required to be high. Secondly, PCR chips require professionals to use professional pipettes to add samples.
  • the utility model In order to overcome the shortcomings of the background technology, the utility model discloses a single-part rapid PCR reaction chip.
  • the single-part rapid PCR reaction chip disclosed by the utility model includes: a chip substrate, a reaction tank is provided on the chip substrate, and the surface of the reaction tank is covered with a bottom film to form a reaction channel with the reaction tank.
  • the chip base is provided with a cylindrical sampling hole.
  • the opening at the bottom of the cylindrical sampling hole is connected with one end of the reaction channel to form a sampling channel.
  • the opening at the upper end of the wall of the cylindrical sampling hole extends through the hole wall and is connected with the hole.
  • the other end of the reaction channel is connected to form an air outlet channel, and the cylindrical sampling hole is closed by a sampling hole cover.
  • the sampling hole cover is provided with an extrusion head corresponding to the position of the cylindrical sampling hole. The cover is closed, and the extrusion head squeezes the liquid into the reaction channel.
  • the gas in the sampling channel and reaction tank When the extrusion head squeezes the sample, the gas in the sampling channel and reaction tank will be squeezed out from the gas outlet channel. When the cylindrical sampling hole is completely closed, the sample will be evenly distributed in the reaction flow channel. At this time, the sampling channel and gas outlet
  • the outer end holes of the channel are double-sealed by the sampling hole cover and sealing ring to prevent the liquid from overflowing and causing aerosol contamination during repeated temperature rise and fall, and the sealing performance is reliable and stable.
  • reaction tank has a flat channel structure with a depth of 0.1-1mm, and the flat channel structure shape of the reaction tank is waist-shaped, circular or rectangular.
  • the intersection between the flow channel and the reaction tank gradually becomes larger, allowing the liquid to fill the entire cavity, avoiding dead spots due to sudden changes in the size of the flow channel when the liquid enters.
  • the flat structure reduces the contact area between the liquid in the reaction tank and the heating surface. Larger, the temperature rise and fall is faster and more uniform, and the reaction time is reduced, and the detection accuracy is improved. Combined with the temperature rise and fall rate and fluorescence brightness, the depth of the reaction tank is between 0.1 and 1mm.
  • cylindrical sampling hole has an externally threaded cylindrical structure
  • corresponding sampling hole cover has an internally threaded cover structure.
  • the chip base and the sampling hole cover are tightened through threads, which is simple to operate and reliable in tightening.
  • the cylindrical sampling hole has a three-section structure, the upper part is an open truncated cone structure, the middle part is a cylindrical structure, and the bottom is a conical structure, with a hole in the center of the cone bottom; the extrusion head is similar to the cylindrical adding hole.
  • the upper circular cone structure and the extrusion head form a clearance fit.
  • the extrusion head first enters the cylindrical sampling hole, the excess air in the sampling hole can be directly discharged through the gap to prevent final tightening.
  • the liquid in the reaction tank is squeezed out through the air outlet channel, causing inaccurate subsequent detection;
  • the middle cylindrical structure and the extrusion head are an interference fit, and their purpose is to The liquid in the sample hole is completely squeezed into the reaction tank, and at the same time, it acts as a seal when the sample hole cover is tightened; the role of the bottom tapered surface is to prevent a small amount of liquid remaining in the cylindrical sample hole from being dispersed at the junction between the bottom surface and the cylindrical surface. without entering the reaction tank, resulting in the reaction tank not being completely filled.
  • the extrusion head is a soft sealing column.
  • a sealing ring is provided at the inner bottom of the sampling hole cover corresponding to the opening of the cylindrical sampling hole, forming a double seal with the extrusion head.
  • the diameter of the opening at the bottom of the cylindrical sampling hole is 0.3 ⁇ 1mm
  • the diameter of the part of the sampling channel connected to the bottom opening of the cylindrical sampling hole is 0.5 ⁇ 1.2mm, and its diameter is larger than the diameter of the cylindrical sampling hole. Bottom opening diameter.
  • the gas outlet channel is opened at the upper end of the cylindrical sampling hole wall to prevent liquid from accidentally entering the gas outlet channel during manual sample addition, causing the liquid in the gas outlet channel to be squeezed out when the sampling hole cover is subsequently rotated to cause aerosol pollution. .
  • Figure 1 is a three-dimensional structural view of the utility model
  • Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view of the sampling channel of the present invention.
  • Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view of the air outlet channel of the present invention.
  • the single fast PCR reaction chip shown in Figure 1-3 includes: chip substrate 1, which is made of highly transparent polymer material. When collecting fluorescence signals, it reduces signal interference caused by the transparency of the material itself and improves the accuracy of the detection structure. sex.
  • the chip substrate 1 is provided with a reaction tank 2 with a flat waist-shaped channel structure.
  • the surface of the reaction tank 2 is covered with a bottom film 3 to form a reaction channel with the reaction tank 2.
  • the depth of the reaction tank 2 is 0.1 to 1 mm, and its shape is also It can be round or rectangular.
  • the depth of the reaction channel is shallow, and the surface area of the same volume of liquid is larger, so the heat conduction speed is faster and the heat conduction is more uniform.
  • the chip base 1 is provided with a cylindrical sampling hole 4.
  • the bottom opening of the cylindrical sampling hole 4 is connected with one end of the reaction channel to form a sampling channel L1.
  • the upper end of the wall of the cylindrical sampling hole 4 is open.
  • the hole extends through the hole wall and communicates with the other end of the reaction channel to form a gas outlet channel L2.
  • the cylindrical sampling hole 4 is closed by a light-shielding material sampling hole cover 5.
  • the cylindrical sampling hole 4 has an external thread cylindrical structure, and the corresponding sampling hole cover 5 has an internal thread cover structure. Tighten the screw.
  • the sampling hole cover 5 is provided with an extrusion head 6 at a position corresponding to the cylindrical sampling hole 4. As the sampling hole cover 5 is closed, the extrusion head 6 squeezes the sample into the reaction channel.
  • the extrusion head 6 is a soft sealing column.
  • the inner bottom of the sampling hole cover 5 is provided with a sealing ring 7 corresponding to the opening of the cylindrical sampling hole 4.
  • the sample will be injected.
  • the residual gas in the channel and reaction tank is extruded from the gas outlet channel L2.
  • the cylindrical sampling hole 4 is completely closed, the sample is evenly distributed in the reaction flow channel.
  • the outer end holes of the sampling channel L1 and the gas outlet channel L2 are evenly distributed. It is double-sealed by the sampling hole cover 5 and the sealing ring 7 to prevent the liquid from overflowing and causing aerosol pollution during repeated temperature rise and fall, and the sealing performance is reliable and stable.
  • the cylindrical sampling hole 4 has a three-section structure, the upper part is an open truncated cone structure, the middle part is a cylindrical structure, and the bottom is a conical structure, with a hole in the center of the cone bottom; the extrusion head 6 is similar to the cylindrical sampling hole.
  • the middle diameter of hole 4 is a cylindrical structure with interference fit.
  • the diameter of the bottom opening of the cylindrical sampling hole 4 is 0.3-1mm, and the diameter of the part of the sampling channel L1 connected to the bottom opening of the cylindrical sampling hole 4 is 0.5-1.2mm, and its diameter is larger than the cylindrical sampling hole 4Bottom opening diameter.
  • the gas outlet channel L2 is opened at the upper end of the wall of the cylindrical sampling hole 4 to prevent liquid from accidentally entering the gas outlet channel L2 when manually adding samples, causing the liquid in the gas outlet channel L2 to be squeezed out when the sampling hole cover 5 is subsequently rotated, causing gas. Sol contamination.

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Abstract

一种单份快速PCR反应芯片,包括:芯片基体(1),所述芯片基体(1)上开设反应槽(2),所述反应槽(2)所在面贴覆有底膜(3),与反应槽(2)形成反应通道,所述芯片基体(1)上设有筒状加样孔(4),所述筒状加样孔(4)底部开孔与反应通道的一端连通形成加样通道(L1),所述筒状加样孔(4)孔壁上端开孔通过孔壁延伸并与反应通道的另一端连通形成出气通道(L2),所述筒状加样孔(4)通过加样孔盖(5)封闭,所述加样孔盖(5)对应筒状加样孔(4)位置设有挤压头(6),随着所述加样孔盖(5)封闭,挤压头(6)将样品挤入反应通道内。所述的单份快速PCR反应芯片采用扁平式通道结构设计,样品升降温更快,温度均匀性更好,准确性更高;挤压式加样形式,不仅可以排出多余气体,而且密封可靠,无交叉污染的风险。

Description

一种单份快速PCR反应芯片 技术领域
本实用新型涉及生物检测技术领域,尤其是涉及一种单份快速PCR反应芯片。
背景技术
PCR仪又称为PCR基因扩增仪、PCR核酸扩增仪、聚合酶链反应核酸扩增仪,是利用PCR(Polymerase chain reaction,聚合酶链反应)技术对特定DNA扩增的一种仪器设备,被广泛应用在生命科学研究、生化分析、临床诊断、药物分析、法医鉴定和疫情快速检验等领域中。特别是新冠疫情爆发,PCR检测已经成为临床诊断的“金标准”。
PCR芯片用于微量PCR反应体系,中国专利CN210945600U公开了一种多重PCR芯片及包含其的多重PCR装置,结合该专利的说明书及附图可知,PCR芯片由从上往下依次设置的封口避光膜、面板与底膜粘合而成,其中封口避光膜需在人工加样后,再贴膜,贴好后的膜要露出反应池区域,而PCR芯片面板上依次排列有多个反应池,对粘贴位置准确性要求较高。其次PCR芯片需要专业人员使用专业的移液枪进行加样,由于加样孔较小,加样时移液器枪头有触碰到芯片面板表面的风险,导致后续贴封口避光膜时由于面板表面潮湿不能有效密封。同时残留在芯片面板表面的样本有交叉污染的风险。现在需要一款密封可靠、升降温速度快、能够随时随地进行快速检测的PCR芯片,同时对使用者要求极低,适用性好,可同时满足基层医疗机构和家庭自检的需求。
实用新型内容
实用新型目的:为了克服背景技术的不足,本实用新型公开了一种单份快速PCR反应芯片。
技术方案:本实用新型公开的单份快速PCR反应芯片,包括:芯片基体,所述芯片基体上开设反应槽,所述反应槽所在面贴覆有底膜,与反应槽形成反应通道,所述芯片基体上设有筒状加样孔,所述筒状加样孔底部开孔与反应通道的一端连通形成加样通道,所述筒状加样孔孔壁上端开口孔通过孔壁延伸并与反应通道的另一端连通形成出气通道,所述筒状加样孔通过加样孔盖封闭,所述加样孔盖对应筒状加样孔位置设有挤压头,随着所述加样孔盖封闭,挤压头将液体挤入反应通道内。
挤压头挤压样品的同时会将加样通道和反应槽内的气体由出气通道挤出,当筒状加样孔完全封闭后,样品均匀分布于反应流道内,此时加样通道和出气通道的外端部孔均被加样孔盖和密封圈双重封闭,防止液体在反复升降温的过程中溢出导致气溶胶污染,且密封性能可靠稳定。
进一步的,所述反应槽为扁平通道结构,深度为0.1-1mm,所述反应槽的扁平通道 结构形状为腰型、圆形或矩形。
加样时,流道与反应槽交汇处逐渐变大,可使液体充满整个腔体,避免液体进入时因为流道尺寸突变出现死角,扁平结构使得反应槽内液体与加热面之间的接触面积更大,升降温更快更均匀,且减少反应时间,提高检测准确性,结合升降温速率和荧光亮度,反应槽的深度在0.1~1mm之间。
进一步的,所述筒状加样孔为外螺纹圆筒结构,对应的加样孔盖为内螺纹盖体结构,芯片基体与加样孔盖通过螺纹拧紧,操作简单,拧紧可靠。
进一步的,所述筒状加样孔为三段式结构,上部为敞口圆台结构,中部为圆柱结构,底部为圆锥结构,该圆锥底部中心开孔;所述挤压头为与筒状加样孔中部直径过盈配合的圆柱结构。
当加样孔盖拧入时,上部圆台结构与挤压头成间隙配合,当挤压头刚进入筒状加样孔内时,可将加样孔内多余空气通过间隙直接排出,防止最终拧紧时筒状加样孔内的多余空气进入反应槽,从而将反应槽内液体通过出气通道挤出,造成后续的检测不准确;中部圆柱结构与挤压头是过盈配合,其目的是将加样孔内的液体完全挤入反应槽,同时当加样孔盖拧紧时起密封作用;底部锥面的作用是防止筒状加样孔内残留少许液体分散在底面四周与圆柱面的交界处,而不进入反应槽,从而造成反应槽未完全充满。
进一步的,所述挤压头为软质密封柱。
进一步的,所述加样孔盖内底对应筒状加样孔孔口位置设有密封圈,与挤压头形成双重密封。
进一步的,所述筒状加样孔底部开孔直径在0.3~1mm,与筒状加样孔底部开孔连接的加样通道部分直径在0.5~1.2mm,且其直径大于筒状加样孔底部开孔直径。当手动加入定量液体的时候,液体停留在筒状加样孔内,不会沿加样通道自动进入反应槽,防止后续旋转加样孔盖时将空气挤入反应槽,造成检测不准确。
进一步的,所述出气通道在筒状加样孔孔壁上端开孔,防止手动加样时,液体意外进入出气通道,导致后续旋转加样孔盖时将出气通道内液体挤出造成气溶胶污染。
测试时,先用一次性定量注射器或一次性微量定量管将定量的液体加入筒状加样孔内,通过旋转加样孔盖,挤压头将样品全部挤入反应腔并充满,然后将芯片插入仪器进行检测。
有益效果:与现有技术相比,本实用新型的优点为:扁平腰型通道结构设计,反应槽内液体与加热装置的接触面更大,升降温更快,温度均匀性更好,准确性更高;旋转挤压的进样形式,不需要传统复杂的液路驱动部件,也不需要专业培训,操作简单,还可以排出多余气体,双重密封可靠,无气溶胶污染的风险。
附图说明
图1是本实用新型立体结构图;
图2是本实用新型加样通道剖视图;
图3是本实用新型出气通道剖视图。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图和实施例对本实用新型的技术方案作进一步的说明。
如图1-3所示的单份快速PCR反应芯片,包括:芯片基体1,采用高透高分子材料,在采集荧光信号的时候,降低因材质本身透明度形成的信号干扰,提高检测结构的准确性。
所述芯片基体1上开设扁平腰型通道结构的反应槽2,所述反应槽2所在面贴覆有底膜3,与反应槽2形成反应通道,反应槽2深度为0.1~1mm,形状也可以是圆形、矩形,反应通道深度浅,同样体积的液体表面积更大,故导热速度更快,导热更均匀。
所述芯片基体1上设有筒状加样孔4,所述筒状加样孔4底部开孔与反应通道的一端连通形成加样通道L1,所述筒状加样孔4孔壁上端开孔通过孔壁延伸并与反应通道的另一端连通形成出气通道L2。
所述筒状加样孔4通过避光材质的加样孔盖5封闭,所述筒状加样孔4为外螺纹圆筒结构,对应的加样孔盖5为内螺纹盖体结构,通过螺旋扭紧。所述加样孔盖5对应筒状加样孔4位置设有挤压头6,随着所述加样孔盖5封闭,挤压头6将样品挤入反应通道内。
所述挤压头6为软质密封柱,所述加样孔盖5内底对应筒状加样孔4孔口位置设有密封圈7,挤压头6挤压样品的同时会将进样通道和反应槽内的残留气体由出气通道L2挤出,当筒状加样孔4完全封闭后,样品均匀布于反应流道内,此时加样通道L1和出气通道L2的外端部孔均被加样孔盖5和密封圈7双重封闭,防止液体在反复升降温的过程中溢出导致气溶胶污染,且密封性能可靠稳定。
所述筒状加样孔4为三段式结构,上部为敞口圆台结构,中部为圆柱结构,底部为圆锥结构,该圆锥底部中心开孔;所述挤压头6为与筒状加样孔4中部直径过盈配合的圆柱结构。当加样孔盖5拧入时,上部圆台结构与挤压头成间隙配合,当挤压头6刚进入筒状加样孔4内时,可将筒状加样孔4内多余空气通过间隙直接排出,防止最终拧紧时筒状加样孔4内的多余空气进入反应槽2,从而将反应槽2内液体通过出气通道L2挤出,造成后续的检测不准确;中部圆柱结构与挤压头是过盈配合,其目的是将筒状加样孔4内的液体完全挤入反应槽2,同时起密封作用;底部锥面的作用是防止筒状加样孔4内残留少许液体分散在底面四周与圆柱面的交界处,而不进入反应腔,从而造成反 应槽未完全充满。
所述筒状加样孔4底部开孔直径在0.3~1mm,与筒状加样孔4底部开孔连接的加样通道L1部分直径在0.5~1.2mm,且其直径大于筒状加样孔4底部开孔直径。当手动加入定量液体的时候,液体停留在筒状加样孔4内,不会沿加样通道L2自动进入反应槽2,防止后续旋转加样孔盖5时将空气挤入反应槽2,造成检测不准确。
所述出气通道L2在筒状加样孔4孔壁上端开孔,防止手动加样时,液体意外进入出气通道L2,导致后续旋转加样孔盖5时将出气通道L2内液体挤出造成气溶胶污染。

Claims (9)

  1. 一种单份快速PCR反应芯片,其特征在于,包括:芯片基体(1),所述芯片基体(1)上开设反应槽(2),所述反应槽(2)所在面贴覆有底膜(3),与反应槽(2)形成反应通道,所述芯片基体(1)上设有筒状加样孔(4),所述筒状加样孔(4)底部开孔与反应通道的一端连通形成加样通道(L1),所述筒状加样孔(4)孔壁上端开孔通过孔壁延伸并与反应通道的另一端连通形成出气通道(L2),所述筒状加样孔(4)通过加样孔盖(5)封闭,所述加样孔盖(5)对应筒状加样孔(4)位置设有挤压头(6),随着所述加样孔盖(5)封闭,挤压头(6)将液体挤入反应通道内。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的单份快速PCR反应芯片,其特征在于:所述反应槽(2)为扁平通道结构,深度为0.1-1mm。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的单份快速PCR反应芯片,其特征在于:所述反应槽(2)的扁平通道结构形状为腰型、圆形或矩形。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的单份快速PCR反应芯片,其特征在于:所述筒状加样孔(4)为外螺纹圆筒结构,对应的加样孔盖(5)为内螺纹盖体结构。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的单份快速PCR反应芯片,其特征在于:所述筒状加样孔(4)为三段式结构,上部为敞口圆台结构,中部为圆柱结构,底部为圆锥结构,该圆锥底部中心开孔;所述挤压头(6)为与筒状加样孔(4)中部直径过盈配合的圆柱结构。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的单份快速PCR反应芯片,其特征在于:所述挤压头(6)为软质密封柱。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的单份快速PCR反应芯片,其特征在于:所述加样孔盖(5)内底对应筒状加样孔(4)孔口位置设有密封圈(7)。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的单份快速PCR反应芯片,其特征在于:所述筒状加样孔(4)底部开孔直径在0.3~1mm,与筒状加样孔(4)底部开孔连接的加样通道(L1)部分直径在0.5~1.2mm,且其直径大于筒状加样孔(4)底部开孔直径。
  9. 根据权利要求1所述的单份快速PCR反应芯片,其特征在于:所述出气通道(L2)在筒状加样孔(4)孔壁上端开孔。
PCT/CN2022/083374 2022-03-23 2022-03-28 一种单份快速pcr反应芯片 WO2023178711A1 (zh)

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