WO2023173318A1 - 电桥驱动系统及车辆 - Google Patents

电桥驱动系统及车辆 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023173318A1
WO2023173318A1 PCT/CN2022/081156 CN2022081156W WO2023173318A1 WO 2023173318 A1 WO2023173318 A1 WO 2023173318A1 CN 2022081156 W CN2022081156 W CN 2022081156W WO 2023173318 A1 WO2023173318 A1 WO 2023173318A1
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Prior art keywords
shaft
transmission
planetary gear
gear mechanism
drive system
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PCT/CN2022/081156
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English (en)
French (fr)
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万丰榕
刘磊
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舍弗勒技术股份两合公司
万丰榕
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Application filed by 舍弗勒技术股份两合公司, 万丰榕 filed Critical 舍弗勒技术股份两合公司
Priority to PCT/CN2022/081156 priority Critical patent/WO2023173318A1/zh
Publication of WO2023173318A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023173318A1/zh

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K1/00—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units
    • B60K1/02—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units comprising more than one electric motor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K17/00—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles
    • B60K17/04—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles characterised by arrangement, location, or kind of gearing

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the field of vehicles, and more specifically to an electric axle drive system for vehicles and a vehicle including the electric axle drive system.
  • electric axle drive systems can be used in pure electric vehicles and hybrid vehicles for vehicle drive.
  • FIGs 1A and 1B respectively show the structure of an electric axle drive system EA0 and the structure of a power system of a vehicle using the electric axle drive system EA0.
  • the electric axle drive system EA0 includes an electric motor EM and a transmission assembled together.
  • the electric machine EM is used to transmit torque to the transmission.
  • the electric motor EM includes a rotor and a stator.
  • the input shaft of the transmission is connected to the differential DM via a two-stage gear transmission mechanism, thereby transmitting torque to the two half shafts HS1 and HS2 via the differential DM.
  • the vehicle includes two electric axle drive systems EA0 shown in Figure 1A.
  • One of the electric axle drive systems EA0 drives two front wheels FW1 and FW2 via two half shafts HS1 and HS2, and the other electric axle drives
  • the drive system EA0 drives the two rear wheels RW1 and RW2 via the two half shafts HS1 and HS2.
  • the above-mentioned vehicle includes two electric axle dynamic systems, each of which has a motor EM that independently drives the front wheels FW1, FW2 and the rear wheels RW1, RW2, thereby achieving high torque output to meet the performance requirements of high-performance vehicles. (Such as acceleration time, etc.).
  • the two electric axle drive systems EA0 are independent of each other and have no common parts with each other, thus requiring more additional components (such as housings, connectors, shafts, differential DM, etc.) and two sets of power assists components (such as mounting systems, drive shafts, etc.), which will result in increased cost, higher weight and reduced reliability.
  • This application provides the following electric axle drive system, which includes a first motor, a second motor and a common transmission,
  • the transmission includes a first planetary gear mechanism and a second planetary gear mechanism that are independent of each other.
  • the first electric motor can be transmission coupled with the first half shaft of the vehicle via the first planetary gear mechanism.
  • the second electric motor can be transmission coupled with the first half shaft of the vehicle via the first planetary gear mechanism.
  • the second planetary gear mechanism can be transmission coupled with the second half shaft of the vehicle, so that the first motor and the second motor can drive the first half shaft and the second half shaft independently of each other.
  • the first half shaft and the second half shaft are respectively used for transmission coupling with the two front wheels of the vehicle; or the first half shaft and the second half shaft are respectively used for transmission connection with the two front wheels of the vehicle. Two rear wheel drive connections.
  • the first motor and the first planetary gear mechanism are arranged staggered along the direction in which the first half shaft extends; and/or
  • the second motor and the second planetary gear mechanism are arranged staggered.
  • the transmission further includes a housing and a first intermediate shaft and a second intermediate shaft that are independent of each other,
  • the first sun gear of the first planetary gear mechanism is non-rotatably connected to the first intermediate shaft, the first planet gear carrier of the first planetary gear mechanism is non-rotatably connected to the first half shaft, and the first planetary gear carrier is non-rotatably connected to the first half shaft.
  • the first ring gear of a planetary gear mechanism is fixed to the housing;
  • the second sun gear of the second planetary gear mechanism is non-rotatably connected to the second countershaft, the second planet gear carrier of the second planetary gear mechanism is non-rotatably connected to the second half shaft, and the second planetary gear carrier is non-rotatably connected to the second half shaft.
  • the second ring gear of the two planetary gear mechanisms is fixed to the housing.
  • the transmission further includes a bearing support frame, a first bearing and a second bearing, the bearing support frame is fixed to the housing and is located inside the housing, and the third bearing A bearing and the second bearing are installed on the bearing support frame, the first intermediate shaft is supported by the first bearing to be able to rotate relative to the housing, and the second intermediate shaft is supported by the second Bearings are supported for rotation relative to the housing.
  • the bearing support frame is located between the first half shaft and the second half shaft.
  • the housing includes a first housing part and a second housing part, and the first housing part and the second housing part are detachably fixed to each other. .
  • the housing is formed with an oil filling hole, an oil drain hole and a ventilation passage.
  • the transmission further includes a first input shaft and a second input shaft
  • the first input shaft is directly drivingly connected to the first motor, and the first input shaft is drivingly connected to the first intermediate shaft via a gear transmission mechanism,
  • the second input shaft is directly drivingly connected to the second motor, and the second input shaft is drivingly connected to the second intermediate shaft via a gear transmission mechanism.
  • the transmission is located at least partially between the first electric machine and the second electric machine.
  • This application also provides the following vehicle, which includes the electric axle drive system described in any one of the above technical solutions.
  • the electric axle drive system includes two electric motors assembled together and a common transmission for the two electric motors.
  • One electric motor is used for transmission coupling with a half shaft via a first planetary gear mechanism in the transmission, and the other electric motor is used for transmission. It is drivingly connected to the other half shaft through the second planetary gear mechanism in the transmission.
  • the two half-shafts are used for the two front wheels of the vehicle or the two rear wheels of the vehicle.
  • the additional components of the housing, connectors, shafts, etc. can be simplified; secondly, since the two motors are respectively connected to the two and a half rods that are both used for the front wheels or both are used for the rear wheels.
  • the shafts are independently driven and coupled, so a differential can be omitted and the number of power auxiliary systems can be reduced.
  • the use of a planetary gear mechanism to achieve torque transmission can improve the transmission ratio of the torque transmission path with a structure that takes up less space.
  • the vehicle including one of the above-mentioned electric axle drive system not only maintains substantially the same power system performance, but also significantly saves cost, weight and reliability.
  • the same common transmission here can be understood as a transmission placed in the same housing. In other options, the two motors and the transmission can also be installed in the same housing.
  • FIG. 1A is a schematic diagram showing the topology of an existing bridge drive system.
  • FIG. 1B is a schematic diagram illustrating a powertrain of a vehicle including two electric axle drive systems of FIG. 1A .
  • FIG. 2A is a schematic diagram showing the connection structure of the bridge driving system according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 2B is a schematic diagram illustrating a vehicle powertrain including an electric axle drive system of FIG. 2A.
  • Figure 2C is a schematic diagram illustrating the power system of another vehicle including an electric axle drive system of Figure 2A.
  • transmission connection refers to a connection between two components capable of transmitting driving torque, including a direct connection or an indirect connection between the two components.
  • torque-resistant connection means that two components are directly connected in a manner that can transmit torque and can rotate together.
  • a gear can be sleeved on a shaft through a spline structure so that the gear and the shaft can achieve a torsion-resistant connection.
  • axial direction refers to the axial direction of the input shaft of the transmission, the input shaft of the transmission, the countershaft and the half shaft of the vehicle being parallel to each other.
  • the electric axle drive system EA includes a first motor EM1 and a second motor EM2 integrated together and a common transmission for the two motors EM1 and EM2.
  • Two Motors EM1 and EM2 are both installed in the housing H of the transmission.
  • a part of the transmission is located between the first motor EM1 and the second motor EM2 in the axial direction, thereby making the overall structure of the entire electric axle drive system EA more compact.
  • the housing H of the transmission is composed of a first housing portion H11 and a second housing portion H12 that are detachably fixed to each other.
  • the first housing part H11 and the second housing part H12 are fixed to each other by a connection member such as a bolt or the like.
  • both the first motor EM1 and the second motor EM2 include a stator and a rotor located inside the stator and capable of rotating relative to the stator.
  • the rotor of the first electric motor EM1 is drivingly coupled with the first input shaft S11 of the transmission, so that the first electric motor EM1 and the transmission can transmit torque in both directions.
  • the rotor of the second electric motor EM2 is drivingly coupled with the second input shaft S12 of the transmission, so that the second electric motor EM2 and the transmission can transmit torque in both directions.
  • the transmission is stored and installed in a space surrounded by the first housing part H11 and the second housing part H12.
  • the transmission includes a first input shaft S11, a second input shaft S21, a first intermediate shaft S12, a second intermediate shaft S22, a first planetary gear mechanism, a second planetary gear mechanism, and gears provided on each shaft.
  • the first input shaft S11 and the second input shaft S21 may be coaxially arranged
  • the first intermediate shaft S12 and the second intermediate shaft S22 may be coaxially arranged
  • the first input shaft S11 and the second intermediate shaft S12 are connected to the first half shaft of the vehicle.
  • the first input shaft S11 is transmission coupled with the first half shaft HS1 via the multi-stage gear transmission mechanism of the transmission
  • the second input shaft S21 is transmission coupling with the second half shaft HS2 via the multi-stage gear transmission mechanism of the transmission, so that the first electric motor EM1 and
  • the second electric machine EM2 is capable of driving the first half-shaft HS1 and the second half-shaft HS2 independently of each other.
  • the specific structures of the torque transmission path from the first electric motor EM1 to the first half shaft HS1 and the specific structure of the torque transmission path from the second electric motor EM2 to the second half shaft HS2 are respectively described below.
  • the rotor of the first electric motor EM1 is drivingly coupled with the first input shaft S11 of the transmission.
  • the first input shaft S11 is formed as a shaft extending linearly along the axial direction.
  • the first input gear G11 is connected to the first input shaft S11 in a rotationally fixed manner, so that the first input gear G11 can always rotate with the first input shaft S11.
  • the first input gear G11 and the first intermediate gear G12 are always in meshing state, thus forming an external meshing gear pair.
  • the first intermediate gear G12 is connected to the first intermediate shaft S12 in a rotationally fixed manner.
  • the first intermediate shaft S12 is formed as an axis parallel to the first input shaft S11 and extending linearly.
  • the first planetary gear mechanism includes a first sun gear SG1, a plurality of first planet gears PG1, a first planet gear carrier P1, and a first ring gear R1.
  • the first sun gear SG1 is always in mesh with the plurality of first planet gears PG1 located radially outside the first sun gear SG1.
  • the plurality of first planetary gears PG1 are always in mesh with the first ring gear R1 located on the radially outer side thereof.
  • the plurality of first planet gears PG1 are installed on the first planet gear carrier P1, and the first planet gear carrier P1 can rotate around the first sun gear SG1 along with the plurality of first planet gears PG1.
  • the first sun gear SG1 is connected to the first intermediate shaft S12 in a rotationally fixed manner
  • the first planet gear carrier P1 is connected in a rotationally fixed manner to the first half shaft HS1
  • the first ring gear R1 is fixed to the first housing part H11. In this way, the transmission ratio of the torque transmission path from the first electric motor EM1 to the first half shaft HS1 can be increased through the first planetary gear mechanism.
  • the rotor of the second electric motor EM2 is drivingly coupled with the second input shaft S21 of the transmission.
  • the second input shaft S21 is formed as a shaft extending linearly along the axial direction.
  • the second input gear G21 is connected to the second input shaft S21 in a rotationally fixed manner, so that the second input gear G21 can always rotate with the second input shaft S21.
  • the second input gear G21 and the second intermediate gear G22 are always in meshing state, thus forming an external meshing gear pair.
  • the second intermediate gear G22 is connected to the second intermediate shaft S22 in a rotationally fixed manner.
  • the second intermediate shaft S22 is formed as an axis parallel to the second input shaft S21 and extending linearly.
  • the second planetary gear mechanism includes a second sun gear SG2, a plurality of second planet gears PG2, a second planet gear carrier P2, and a second ring gear R2.
  • the second sun gear SG2 is always in mesh with the plurality of second planet gears PG2 located radially outside the second sun gear SG2.
  • the plurality of second planet gears PG2 are always in mesh with the second ring gear R2 located on the radially outer side thereof.
  • the plurality of second planet gears PG2 are installed on the second planet gear carrier P2, and the second planet gear carrier P2 can rotate around the second sun gear SG2 along with the plurality of second planet gears PG2.
  • the second sun gear SG2 is connected to the second intermediate shaft S22 in a rotationally fixed manner
  • the second planet gear carrier P2 is connected in a rotationally fixed manner to the second half shaft HS2
  • the second ring gear R2 is fixed to the second housing part H12.
  • the torque transmission path from the first electric motor EM1 to the first half shaft HS1 is as follows: first electric motor EM1 ⁇ first input shaft S11 ⁇ first input gear G11 ⁇ first intermediate gear G12 ⁇ first intermediate shaft S12 ⁇ first A sun gear SG1 ⁇ first planet gear PG1 ⁇ first planet gear carrier P1 ⁇ first half shaft HS1; the torque transmission path from the second motor EM2 to the second half shaft HS2 is as follows: second motor EM2 ⁇ second input shaft S21 ⁇ second input gear G21 ⁇ second intermediate gear G22 ⁇ second intermediate shaft S22 ⁇ second sun gear SG2 ⁇ second planet gear PG2 ⁇ second planet gear carrier P2 ⁇ second half shaft HS2.
  • the first bearing B1, the second bearing B2 and the bearing support frame SP are provided.
  • the bearing support frame SP can be fixed to the first housing part H11 or to the second housing part H12.
  • the bearing support frame SP and the first bearing B1 and the second bearing B2 are located in the first housing part H11 and the second housing part H11. In a space partially surrounded by H12.
  • the bearing support frame SP is located between the first half shaft HS1 and the second half shaft HS2.
  • the first bearing B1 and the second bearing B2 are both installed on the bearing support frame SP and respectively set on the first intermediate shaft S12 and the second intermediate shaft S22. . Thereby, the first intermediate shaft S12 is supported by the first bearing B1, and the second intermediate shaft S22 is supported by the second bearing B2.
  • an oil filling hole T1 and an oil drain hole T2 may be formed at the bottom of the first housing part H1, and a ventilation passage T3 may be formed at the top of the second housing part H2.
  • lubricating oil can be injected into the housing H through the oil filling hole T1, lubricating oil can be discharged from the housing H through the oil drain hole T2, and the inside and outside of the transmission can be connected through the ventilation passage T3.
  • the following description includes two examples of the powertrain of a vehicle with the electric axle drive system EA described above.
  • the power system of the vehicle may include an electric axle drive system EA with the above structure.
  • the first motor EM1 and the first half shaft HS1 of the electric axle drive system EA are connected through the multi-stage gear transmission mechanism of the transmission (
  • the second motor EM2 of the electric axle drive system EA and the second half shaft HS2 are transmission coupled via the multi-stage gear transmission mechanism of the transmission (including the second planetary gear mechanism).
  • the first half shaft HS1 is transmission coupled with the first front wheel FW1 of the vehicle
  • the second half shaft HS2 is transmission coupled with the second front wheel FW2 of the vehicle.
  • the first motor EM1 can independently drive the first front wheel FW1
  • the second motor EM2 can independently drive the second front wheel FW2.
  • the power system of the vehicle may include an electric axle drive system EA with the above structure.
  • the first motor EM1 and the first half shaft HS1 of the electric axle drive system EA are connected through the multi-stage gear transmission mechanism of the transmission (
  • the second motor EM2 of the electric axle drive system EA and the second half shaft HS2 are transmission coupled via the multi-stage gear transmission mechanism of the transmission (including the second planetary gear mechanism).
  • the first half-shaft HS1 is transmission-coupled with the first rear wheel RW1 of the vehicle
  • the second half-shaft HS2 is transmission-coupled with the second rear wheel RW2 of the vehicle.
  • the first motor EM1 can independently drive the first rear wheel RW1
  • the second motor EM2 can independently drive the second rear wheel RW2.
  • the first motor EM1 and the second motor EM2 And the second electric machine EM2 is also able to receive torque from the transmission for charging the battery.
  • the transmission ratio of the torque transmission path from the first electric motor EM1 to the first half shaft HS1 and the transmission ratio of the torque transmission path from the second electric motor EM2 to the second half shaft HS2 may be set to same.
  • the input shafts S11 and S12 of the transmission can be directly used as the motor output shafts of each motor EM1 and EM2, or a motor output shaft independent of the input shafts S11 and S21 can be set, and then the motor output shaft and the input shaft are connected through a coupling, for example devices are rigidly connected together.
  • the planetary gear mechanism and the motors EM1 and EM2 are completely staggered.
  • the input shaft is coaxially arranged with the motors EM1 and EM2
  • the intermediate shaft is coaxially arranged with the motors EM1 and EM2, so that the planetary gear mechanism and the motors EM1 and EM2 are arranged in a non-axial manner, which can be beneficial to further reducing the Small axial size of the entire electric bridge drive system.
  • the first electric motor EM1 and the first planetary gear mechanism can also be arranged overlappingly, and the second electric motor EM2 and the second planetary gear mechanism can be arranged overlappingly, which is beneficial to further reducing the Dimensions of the entire bridge drive system.
  • the electric axle drive system EA can be applied to pure electric vehicles or hybrid vehicles.
  • the vehicle may include an electric axle drive system EA matching the number of wheel pairs.
  • This application integrates two motors and a common transmission, which greatly improves the integration of the entire electric axle drive system.
  • the structure used to realize the torque transmission path of the two motors and the two half-shafts can share many components, thereby saving system costs and reducing system weight, and also improving system reliability.
  • a larger transmission ratio and a higher power density can be achieved while occupying a smaller space.
  • torque vector control of the corresponding wheel can be achieved.

Abstract

一种电桥驱动系统(EA)，包括第一电机(EM1)、第二电机(EM2)和公用的变速器。变速器包括相互独立的第一行星齿轮机构和第二行星齿轮机构，第一电机经由第一行星齿轮机构能够与车辆的第一半轴(HS1)传动联接，第二电机经由第二行星齿轮机构能够与车辆的第二半轴(HS2)传动联接，使得第一电机和第二电机能够彼此独立地分别驱动第一半轴和第二半轴。与现有的电桥驱动系统相比可以减少附加组件和动力辅助系统的数量，能够以占用空间较小的结构改善扭矩传递路径的传动比，从而显著地节约成本、降低重量且提高可靠性。此外提供了一种包括该电桥驱动系统的车辆。

Description

电桥驱动系统及车辆 技术领域
本申请涉及车辆领域，更具体地涉及一种车辆用电桥驱动系统及包括该电桥驱动系统的车辆。
背景技术
当前，电桥驱动系统能够用于纯电动车辆和混合动力车辆，以用于车辆的驱动。
图1A和图1B中分别示出了一种电桥驱动系统EA0的结构以及采用该电桥驱动系统EA0的车辆的动力系统的结构。如图1A所示，该电桥驱动系统EA0包括组装在一起的一个电机EM和变速器。在该电桥驱动系统EA0中，电机EM用于向变速器传递扭矩。电机EM包括转子和定子。变速器的输入轴经由两级齿轮传动机构与差速器DM传动联接，从而经由差速器DM向两根半轴HS1、HS2传递扭矩。如图1B所示，车辆包括两个图1A中示出的电桥驱动系统EA0，其中一个电桥驱动系统EA0经由两根半轴HS1、HS2驱动两个前轮FW1、FW2，另一个电桥驱动系统EA0经由两根半轴HS1、HS2驱动两个后轮RW1、RW2。
这样，在上述车辆中包括两个电桥动系统，它们分别具有分别独立地驱动前轮FW1、FW2和后轮RW1、RW2的电机EM，从而实现高扭矩输出以满足高性能车辆对性能的要求(诸如加速时间等)。但是在上述车辆中，两个电桥驱动系统EA0彼此独立且彼此不存在公用部分，因而需要更多的附加组件(诸如壳体、连接件、轴、差速器DM等)以及两套动力辅助组件(诸如安装系统、驱动轴等)，这将导致成本增大，重量变高且可靠性降低。
发明内容
鉴于上述技术中存在的缺陷而做出了本申请。本申请的一个目的在于提供一种新型的电桥驱动系统，其与背景技术中说明的电桥驱动系统相比，在基本保持相同的动力系统性能的情况下减少用于系统的附加组件和动力辅助组件，从而显著地节约成本、降低重量且提高可靠性。本申请的另一个目的在于提供一种包括上述电桥驱动系统的车辆。
为了实现上述目的，本申请采用如下的技术方案。
本申请提供了一种如下的电桥驱动系统，其包括第一电机、第二电机和公用的变速器，
所述变速器包括相互独立的第一行星齿轮机构和第二行星齿轮机构，所述第一电机经由所述第一行星齿轮机构能够与车辆的第一半轴传动联接，所述第二电机经由所述第二行星齿轮机构能够与所述车辆的第二半轴传动联接，使得所述第一电机和所述第二电机能够彼此独立地分别驱动所述第一半轴和所述第二半轴，
所述第一半轴和所述第二半轴分别用于与所述车辆的两个前轮传动联接；或者所述第一半轴和所述第二半轴分别用于与所述车辆的两个后轮传动联接。
在一种可选的方案中，沿着所述第一半轴延伸的方向，所述第一电机与所述第一行星齿轮机构错开布置；并且/或者
沿着所述第二半轴延伸的方向，所述第二电机与所述第二行星齿轮机构错开布置。
在另一种可选的方案中，所述变速器还包括壳体以及相互独立的第一中间轴和第二中间轴，
所述第一行星齿轮机构的第一太阳轮与所述第一中间轴抗扭连接，所述第一行星齿轮机构的第一行星轮架与所述第一半轴抗扭连接，所述第一行星 齿轮机构的第一齿圈与所述壳体固定；
所述第二行星齿轮机构的第二太阳轮与所述第二中间轴抗扭连接，所述第二行星齿轮机构的第二行星轮架与所述第二半轴抗扭连接，所述第二行星齿轮机构的第二齿圈与所述壳体固定。
在另一种可选的方案中，所述变速器还包括轴承支撑架、第一轴承和第二轴承，所述轴承支撑架固定于所述壳体且位于所述壳体的内部，所述第一轴承和所述第二轴承安装于所述轴承支撑架，所述第一中间轴被所述第一轴承支撑以能够相对于所述壳体转动，所述第二中间轴被所述第二轴承支撑以能够相对于所述壳体转动。
在另一种可选的方案中，所述轴承支撑架位于所述第一半轴和所述第二半轴之间。
在另一种可选的方案中，所述壳体包括第一壳体部分和第二壳体部分，所述第一壳体部分和所述第二壳体部分能够彼此拆装地固定在一起。
在另一种可选的方案中，所述壳体形成有一个注油孔、一个排油孔和一个通气通路。
在另一种可选的方案中，所述变速器还包括第一输入轴和第二输入轴，
所述第一输入轴与所述第一电机直接传动连接，并且所述第一输入轴与所述第一中间轴经由齿轮传动机构传动联接，
所述第二输入轴与所述第二电机直接传动连接，并且所述第二输入轴与所述第二中间轴经由齿轮传动机构传动联接。
在另一种可选的方案中，所述变速器至少部分地位于所述第一电机和所述第二电机之间的位置。
本申请还提供了一种如下的车辆，其包括以上技术方案中任意一项技术方案所述的电桥驱动系统。
通过采用上述技术方案，本申请提供了一种新型的电桥驱动系统及包括 该电桥驱动系统的车辆。该电桥驱动系统包括组装在一起的两个电机和用于两个电机的公用的变速器，一个电机用于经由该变速器中的第一行星齿轮机构与一根半轴传动联接，另一个电机用于经由该变速器中的第二行星齿轮机构与另一根半轴传动联接。这两根半轴分别用于车辆的两个前轮或者分别用于车辆的两个后轮。
这样，首先，由于两个电机公用同一变速器，因而可以简化壳体、连接件、轴等的附加组件；其次，由于两个电机分别与均用于前轮或均用于后轮的两根半轴独立地传动联接，因而可以省略差速器，并且减少动力辅助系统的数量；再次，利用行星齿轮机构实现扭矩传动，能够以占用空间较小的结构改善扭矩传递路径的传动比。由此与背景技术中说明的包括电桥驱动系统的车辆相比，包括一个上述电桥驱动系统(两个彼此独立工作的电机)的车辆不仅保持了基本相同的动力系统性能，而且显著地节约了成本、降低了重量且提高了可靠性。这里公用的同一变速器可以被理解成置于同一壳体内的一个变速器，在其它的可选方案中两个电机与该变速器也可以安装于同一壳体。
附图说明
图1A是示出了现有的一种电桥驱动系统的拓扑结构的示意图。
图1B是示出了包括两个图1A中的电桥驱动系统的车辆的动力系统的示意图。
图2A是示出了根据本申请的一实施例的电桥驱动系统的连接结构的示意图。
图2B是示出了包括一个图2A中的电桥驱动系统的一种车辆的动力系统的示意图。
图2C是示出了包括一个图2A中的电桥驱动系统的另一种车辆的动力系 统的示意图。
附图标记说明
EA0电桥驱动系统 EM电机 DM差速器
EA电桥驱动系统
EM1第一电机 S11第一输入轴 S12第一中间轴 G11第一输入齿轮 G12第一中间齿轮 SG1第一太阳轮 PG1第一行星轮 R1第一齿圈 P1第一行星轮架 B1第一轴承
EM2第二电机 S21第二输入轴 S22第二中间轴 G21第二输入齿轮 G22第二中间齿轮 SG2第二太阳轮 PG2第二行星轮 R2第二齿圈 P2第二行星轮架 B2第二轴承
H壳体 H11第一壳体部分 H12第二壳体部分 SP轴承支撑架 T1注油孔 T2排油孔 T3通气通路
FW1第一前轮 FW2第二前轮 RW1第一后轮 RW2第二后轮 HS1第一半轴 HS2第二半轴。
具体实施方式
下面参照附图描述本申请的示例性实施例。应当理解，这些具体的说明仅用于示教本领域技术人员如何实施本申请，而不用于穷举本申请的所有可行的方式，也不用于限制本申请的范围。
在本申请中，“传动联接”是指两个部件能够传递驱扭矩地连接，包括这两个部件直接连接或者间接连接。
在本申请中，“抗扭连接”是指两个部件以能够传递扭矩的方式直接连接且能够一起转动，例如齿轮可以通过花键结构套装于轴从而齿轮与轴可以实现抗扭连接。
在本申请中，“轴向”是指变速器的输入轴的轴向，变速器的输入轴、中 间轴和车辆的半轴彼此平行。
以下将结合说明书附图说明根据本申请的一实施例的电桥驱动系统的结构。
如图2A所示，根据本申请的一实施例的电桥驱动系统EA包括整合在一起的第一电机EM1、第二电机EM2和用于这两个电机EM1、EM2的公用的变速器，两个电机EM1、EM2均安装于变速器的壳体H。在整个电桥驱动系统EA的结构布局中，变速器的一部分在轴向上位于第一电机EM1和第二电机EM2之间，从而使得整个电桥驱动系统EA的整体结构更紧凑。具体地，在本实施例中，变速器的壳体H由彼此可拆卸地固定在一起的第一壳体部分H11和第二壳体部分H12构成。第一壳体部分H11和第二壳体部分H12例如通过螺栓等的连接件彼此固定。
在本实施例中，第一电机EM1和第二电机EM2均包括定子以及位于定子内侧且能够相对于定子转动的转子。第一电机EM1的转子与变速器的第一输入轴S11传动联接，使得第一电机EM1与变速器能够双向传递扭矩。第二电机EM2的转子与变速器的第二输入轴S12传动联接，使得第二电机EM2与变速器能够双向传递扭矩。
在本实施例中，如图2A所示，变速器收纳安装于由第一壳体部分H11和第二壳体部分H12所包围的空间内。变速器包括第一输入轴S11、第二输入轴S21、第一中间轴S12、第二中间轴S22、第一行星齿轮机构、第二行星齿轮机构以及设置于各轴的齿轮。第一输入轴S11和第二输入轴S21可以同轴布置，第一中间轴S12和第二中间轴S22可以同轴布置，第一输入轴S11和第二中间轴S12与车辆的第一半轴HS1均平行，第二输入轴S21和第二中间轴S22与车辆的第二半轴HS2均平行。第一输入轴S11经由变速器的多级齿轮传动机构与第一半轴HS1传动联接，第二输入轴S21经由变速器的多级齿轮传动机构与第二半轴HS2传动联接，使得第一电机EM1和第二电机EM2能够彼此独 立地分别驱动第一半轴HS1和第二半轴HS2。以下分别说明第一电机EM1到第一半轴HS1的扭矩传递路径的具体结构和第二电机EM2到第二半轴HS2的扭矩传递路径的具体结构。
在本实施例中，第一电机EM1的转子与变速器的第一输入轴S11传动联接。第一输入轴S11形成为沿着轴向直线状延伸的轴。第一输入齿轮G11与第一输入轴S11抗扭连接，使得第一输入齿轮G11能够始终随着第一输入轴S11转动。第一输入齿轮G11与第一中间齿轮G12始终处于啮合状态，从而构成外啮合的齿轮副。第一中间齿轮G12与第一中间轴S12抗扭连接。第一中间轴S12形成为与第一输入轴S11平行且直线状延伸的轴。
进一步地，第一行星齿轮机构包括第一太阳轮SG1、多个第一行星轮PG1、第一行星轮架P1以及第一齿圈R1。第一太阳轮SG1与位于其径向外侧的多个第一行星轮PG1始终处于啮合状态。多个第一行星轮PG1与位于其径向外侧的第一齿圈R1始终处于啮合状态。多个第一行星轮PG1安装于第一行星轮架P1，第一行星轮架P1能够随着多个第一行星轮PG1绕着第一太阳轮SG1转动。另外，第一太阳轮SG1与第一中间轴S12抗扭连接，第一行星轮架P1与第一半轴HS1抗扭连接，第一齿圈R1固定于第一壳体部分H11。这样，能够通过第一行星齿轮机构增大第一电机EM1到第一半轴HS1的扭矩传递路径的传动比。
在本实施例中，第二电机EM2的转子与变速器的第二输入轴S21传动联接。第二输入轴S21形成为沿着轴向直线状延伸的轴。第二输入齿轮G21与第二输入轴S21抗扭连接，使得第二输入齿轮G21能够始终随着第二输入轴S21转动。第二输入齿轮G21与第二中间齿轮G22始终处于啮合状态，从而构成外啮合的齿轮副。第二中间齿轮G22与第二中间轴S22抗扭连接。第二中间轴S22形成为与第二输入轴S21平行且直线状延伸的轴。
进一步地，第二行星齿轮机构包括第二太阳轮SG2、多个第二行星轮 PG2、第二行星轮架P2以及第二齿圈R2。第二太阳轮SG2与位于其径向外侧的多个第二行星轮PG2始终处于啮合状态。多个第二行星轮PG2与位于其径向外侧的第二齿圈R2始终处于啮合状态。多个第二行星轮PG2安装于第二行星轮架P2，第二行星轮架P2能够随着多个第二行星轮PG2绕着第二太阳轮SG2转动。另外，第二太阳轮SG2与第二中间轴S22抗扭连接，第二行星轮架P2与第二半轴HS2抗扭连接，第二齿圈R2固定于第二壳体部分H12。这样，能够通过第二行星齿轮机构增大第二电机EM2到第二半轴HS2的扭矩传递路径的传动比。
由此，从第一电机EM1到第一半轴HS1的扭矩传递路径如下：第一电机EM1→第一输入轴S11→第一输入齿轮G11→第一中间齿轮G12→第一中间轴S12→第一太阳轮SG1→第一行星轮PG1→第一行星轮架P1→第一半轴HS1；从第二电机EM2到第二半轴HS2的扭矩传递路径如下：第二电机EM2→第二输入轴S21→第二输入齿轮G21→第二中间齿轮G22→第二中间轴S22→第二太阳轮SG2→第二行星轮PG2→第二行星轮架P2→第二半轴HS2。
为了以能够相对于壳体H转动的方式支撑第一中间轴S12和第二中间轴S22，设置第一轴承B1、第二轴承B2和轴承支撑架SP。轴承支撑架SP可以固定于第一壳体部分H11或者固定于第二壳体部分H12，轴承支撑架SP以及第一轴承B1和第二轴承B2均位于第一壳体部分H11和第二壳体部分H12包围的空间内。轴承支撑架SP位于第一半轴HS1和第二半轴HS2之间，第一轴承B1和第二轴承B2均安装于轴承支撑架SP且分别套装于第一中间轴S12和第二中间轴S22。由此，通过第一轴承B1支撑第一中间轴S12，通过第二轴承B2支撑第二中间轴S22
对于第一电机EM1和第二电机EM2公用的变速器，第一壳体部分H1的底部可以形成一个注油孔T1和一个排油孔T2，第二壳体部分H2的顶部可以形成一个通气通路T3。由此，通过注油孔T1能够向壳体H内注入润滑油，通过 排油孔T2能够从壳体H排出润滑油，通过通气通路T3能够实现变速器内外连通。
以下说明包括上述电桥驱动系统EA的车辆的动力系统的两个示例。
如图2B所示，该车辆的动力系统可以包括一个具有上述结构的电桥驱动系统EA，该电桥驱动系统EA的第一电机EM1与第一半轴HS1经由变速器的多级齿轮传动机构(包括第一行星齿轮机构)传动联接，该电桥驱动系统EA的第二电机EM2与第二半轴HS2经由变速器的多级齿轮传动机构(包括第二行星齿轮机构)传动联接。在该车辆中，第一半轴HS1与车辆的第一前轮FW1传动联接，第二半轴HS2与车辆的第二前轮FW2传动联接。这样，第一电机EM1能够独立地驱动第一前轮FW1，第二电机EM2能够独立地驱动第二前轮FW2。
如图2C所示，该车辆的动力系统可以包括一个具有上述结构的电桥驱动系统EA，该电桥驱动系统EA的第一电机EM1与第一半轴HS1经由变速器的多级齿轮传动机构(包括第一行星齿轮机构)传动联接，该电桥驱动系统EA的第二电机EM2与第二半轴HS2经由变速器的多级齿轮传动机构(包括第二行星齿轮机构)传动联接。在该车辆中，第一半轴HS1与车辆的第一后轮RW1传动联接，第二半轴HS2与车辆的第二后轮RW2传动联接。这样，第一电机EM1能够独立地驱动第一后轮RW1，第二电机EM2能够独立地驱动第二后轮RW2。
在上述图2B和图2C所示的车辆中，由于均采用了一个根据本申请的一实施例的电桥驱动系统，因而与背景技术中说明的车辆的动力系统相比，在基本保持性能不变的情况下简化了结构、减小了重量且节约了成本。
虽然在以上的具体实施例中对本申请的技术方案进行了详细的阐述，但是还需要说明以下内容。
i.虽然在以上的具体实施例中没有明确说明，但是应当理解，在以上的 实施例中，第一电机EM1和第二电机EM2除了向变速器输出用于驱动的扭矩之外，第一电机EM1和第二电机EM2还能够接收来自变速器的扭矩以用于对电池进行充电。另外，在以上的实施例中，可以将从第一电机EM1到第一半轴HS1的扭矩传递路径的传动比和从第二电机EM2到第二半轴HS2的扭矩传递路径的传动比设置成相同。
ii.变速器的输入轴S11、S12可以直接用作各电机EM1、EM2的电机输出轴，也可以设置独立于输入轴S11、S21的电机输出轴，然后将电机输出轴与输入轴通过例如联轴器刚性连接在一起。
iii.在以上的具体实施例中，沿着轴向观察，行星齿轮机构与电机EM1、EM2完全错开。具体地，输入轴与电机EM1、EM2同轴布置，中间轴与电机EM1、EM2同轴布置，使得行星齿轮机构与电机EM1、EM2以不同轴的方式错开布置，由此能够有利于进一步减小整个电桥驱动系统在轴向上的尺寸。另外，当沿着车辆的高度方向观察时，还可以使第一电机EM1和第一行星齿轮机构重叠布置，并且使第二电机EM2和第二行星齿轮机构重叠布置，从而有利于更进一步减小整个电桥驱动系统的尺寸。
iv.根据本申请的电桥驱动系统EA可以应用于纯电动车辆，也可以应用于混合动力车辆。在车辆具有多对车轮的情况下，车辆可以包括与车轮对的数量匹配的电桥驱动系统EA。
v.本申请将两个电机和一个公用的变速器整合在一起，极大地改善了整个电桥驱动系统的集成度。用于实现两个电机和两根半轴的扭矩传递路径的结构可以公用很多部件，从而节省了系统成本且减轻系统重量，而且还改善了系统的可靠性。通过采用上述具体实施例中的传动结构，能够以占用较小空间的情况下实现较大的传动比和较高的功率密度。另外，通过一个电机向一个对应的车轮提供扭矩，能够实现对应车轮的扭矩矢量控制。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种电桥驱动系统，其包括第一电机(EM1)、第二电机(EM2)和公用的变速器，
    所述变速器包括相互独立的第一行星齿轮机构和第二行星齿轮机构，所述第一电机(EM1)经由所述第一行星齿轮机构能够与车辆的第一半轴(HS1)传动联接，所述第二电机(EM2)经由所述第二行星齿轮机构能够与所述车辆的第二半轴(HS2)传动联接，使得所述第一电机(EM1)和所述第二电机(EM2)能够彼此独立地分别驱动所述第一半轴(HS1)和所述第二半轴(HS2)，
    所述第一半轴(HS1)和所述第二半轴(HS2)分别用于与所述车辆的两个前轮(FW1、FW2)传动联接；或者所述第一半轴(HS1)和所述第二半轴(HS2)分别用于与所述车辆的两个后轮(RW1、RW2)传动联接。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的电桥驱动系统，其特征在于，
    沿着所述第一半轴(HS1)延伸的方向，所述第一电机(EM1)与所述第一行星齿轮机构错开布置；并且/或者
    沿着所述第二半轴(HS2)延伸的方向，所述第二电机(EM2)与所述第二行星齿轮机构错开布置。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的电桥驱动系统，其特征在于，所述变速器还包括壳体(H)以及相互独立的第一中间轴(S12)和第二中间轴(S22)，
    所述第一行星齿轮机构的第一太阳轮(SG1)与所述第一中间轴(S12)抗扭连接，所述第一行星齿轮机构的第一行星轮架(P1)与所述第一半轴(HS1)抗扭连接，所述第一行星齿轮机构的第一齿圈(R1)与所述壳体(H)固定；
    所述第二行星齿轮机构的第二太阳轮(SG2)与所述第二中间轴(S22)抗扭连接，所述第二行星齿轮机构的第二行星轮架(P2)与所述第二半轴(HS2)抗扭连接，所述第二行星齿轮机构的第二齿圈(R2)与所述壳体(H) 固定。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的电桥驱动系统，其特征在于，所述变速器还包括轴承支撑架(SP)、第一轴承(B1)和第二轴承(B2)，所述轴承支撑架(SP)固定于所述壳体(H)且位于所述壳体(H)的内部，所述第一轴承(B1)和所述第二轴承(B2)安装于所述轴承支撑架(SP)，所述第一中间轴(S12)被所述第一轴承(B1)支撑以能够相对于所述壳体(H)转动，所述第二中间轴(S22)被所述第二轴承(B2)支撑以能够相对于所述壳体(H)转动。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的电桥驱动系统，其特征在于，所述轴承支撑架(SP)位于所述第一半轴(HS1)和所述第二半轴(HS2)之间。
  6. 根据权利要求3至5中任一项所述的电桥驱动系统，其特征在于，所述壳体(H)包括第一壳体部分(H1)和第二壳体部分(H2)，所述第一壳体部分(H1)和所述第二壳体部分(H2)能够彼此拆装地固定在一起。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的电桥驱动系统，其特征在于，所述壳体(H)形成有一个注油孔(T1)、一个排油孔(T2)和一个通气通路(T3)。
  8. 根据权利要求3至7中任一项所述的电桥驱动系统，其特征在于，所述变速器还包括第一输入轴(S11)和第二输入轴(S21)，
    所述第一输入轴(S11)与所述第一电机(EM1)直接传动连接，并且所述第一输入轴(S11)与所述第一中间轴(S12)经由齿轮传动机构传动联接，
    所述第二输入轴(S21)与所述第二电机(EM2)直接传动连接，并且所述第二输入轴(S21)与所述第二中间轴(S22)经由齿轮传动机构传动联接。
  9. 根据权利要求1至8中任一项所述的电桥驱动系统，其特征在于，所述变速器至少部分地位于所述第一电机(EM1)和所述第二电机(EM2)之间 的位置。
  10. 一种车辆，其包括权利要求1至9中任一项所述的电桥驱动系统(EA)。
PCT/CN2022/081156 2022-03-16 2022-03-16 电桥驱动系统及车辆 WO2023173318A1 (zh)

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