WO2023165586A1 - 一种筒式端子 - Google Patents

一种筒式端子 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023165586A1
WO2023165586A1 PCT/CN2023/079457 CN2023079457W WO2023165586A1 WO 2023165586 A1 WO2023165586 A1 WO 2023165586A1 CN 2023079457 W CN2023079457 W CN 2023079457W WO 2023165586 A1 WO2023165586 A1 WO 2023165586A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
elastic
terminal
elastic arm
terminal according
protrusion
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2023/079457
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
王超
Original Assignee
长春捷翼汽车科技股份有限公司
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Publication of WO2023165586A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023165586A1/zh

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R13/00—Details of coupling devices of the kinds covered by groups H01R12/70 or H01R24/00 - H01R33/00
    • H01R13/02—Contact members
    • H01R13/03—Contact members characterised by the material, e.g. plating, or coating materials
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R13/00—Details of coupling devices of the kinds covered by groups H01R12/70 or H01R24/00 - H01R33/00
    • H01R13/02—Contact members
    • H01R13/10—Sockets for co-operation with pins or blades
    • H01R13/11—Resilient sockets
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R13/00—Details of coupling devices of the kinds covered by groups H01R12/70 or H01R24/00 - H01R33/00
    • H01R13/62—Means for facilitating engagement or disengagement of coupling parts or for holding them in engagement
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/7072—Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
    • Y02T90/14—Plug-in electric vehicles

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the field of electrical connection, in particular to a barrel terminal.
  • the charging gun When charging an electric vehicle, the charging gun needs to be inserted into the charging stand.
  • the force of the whole process of inserting or pulling out the power supply plug into or pulling out the power supply socket and the vehicle plug into or out of the vehicle socket should meet the requirements of the national standard, and at the same time, the resistance of the terminals after plugging in and the temperature rise during work should meet the requirements of the national standard. Meet the standard requirements.
  • the female terminal In the existing charging stand terminal structure, the female terminal has an elastic arm that is plugged into the male terminal. In order to increase the plugging force, an inward protrusion is provided on the inner side of the elastic arm.
  • the protrusion and the male terminal will be severely worn during repeated plugging, which not only increases the resistance and decreases the charging efficiency, but also causes a higher temperature during the charging process of the new energy vehicle, which is prone to the risk of spontaneous combustion.
  • the male terminal When the terminal is not aligned and inserted into the female terminal, the elastic arms of the female terminal are unevenly stressed, and the strong elastic arm bears the extra impact force and cannot be released, all of which act on the contact between the male terminal and the elastic arm; It is the lack of effective smooth transition between the protrusion of the elastic arm and the contact of the male terminal. Therefore, a new solution is urgently needed in the prior art to solve the above problems.
  • the invention provides a barrel type terminal, which can solve the problem that the protrusion inside the elastic part of the barrel type terminal is easily subjected to repeated friction and the plating layer is damaged.
  • a cylindrical terminal including: a plug-in part, a connecting part and an elastic sleeve; one end of the plug-in part is connected to the connecting part, and at least two axial slots are provided at the other end , the insertion part is divided into at least two elastic arms; a protrusion is provided on the inner surface of the elastic arm, and the top surface of the protrusion is smoothly transitioned to the inner surface of the elastic arm; the elastic arm Circumferential stress relief grooves are arranged on the outer periphery; the elastic sleeve is sheathed on the outside of the insertion part.
  • the elastic sleeve can restrict the elastic arm to prevent it from being deformed, thereby preventing partial wear when the male terminal is inserted.
  • the stress relief groove can release the stress of the terminal during processing and insertion, and prevent its deformation.
  • the protrusion can make the terminal connection more secure, and the top surface of the protrusion is smoothly transitioned to the inner surface of the elastic arm, which can reduce the impact on the protrusion when the male terminal is inserted into or pulled out of the barrel terminal, and further slow down the protrusion
  • the friction prevents the plating layer on the protrusion from wearing out and exposing the material of the body, avoiding the problems of increased resistance and reduced power transmission efficiency. At the same time, it also avoids the fire hazard caused by the temperature rise caused by the increase of resistance.
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a barrel terminal of the present invention.
  • Fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a barrel terminal of the present invention.
  • Fig. 3 is a structural schematic diagram of an arc-shaped depression on a barrel terminal according to the present invention.
  • Fig. 4 is a structural schematic diagram of an elastic sleeve of a barrel terminal according to the present invention.
  • connection should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, a direct connection, or an indirect connection through an intermediary.
  • the present invention provides a barrel terminal, as shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2, comprising: an insertion part 1, a connection part 2 and an elastic sleeve 3; one end of the insertion part 1 is connected to the connection part 2, and the other end At least two axial slots are provided, so that the insertion part 1 is divided into at least two elastic arms 11; a protrusion 111 is provided on the inner surface of the elastic arm 11, and the top surface of the protrusion 111 is in contact with the The inner surface of the elastic arm 11 is connected with a smooth transition; the outer periphery of the elastic arm 11 is provided with a circumferential stress relief groove 12; In order to increase the insertion force of the plug terminal, protrusions 111 are provided on the inner wall of the barrel terminal.
  • the protrusion 111 When the terminals are mated and separated, the protrusion 111 will The surface of the protrusion 111 is damaged due to the extra impact force.
  • the smooth transition protrusion 111 can guide the male terminal along the elastic arm 11 into the insertion part, and the smooth transition can reduce the end of the male terminal.
  • the impact on the side wall of the protrusion 111 can effectively reduce the abrasion of the conductive plating layer on the protrusion 111 .
  • the stress relief groove 12 When the male terminal is inserted into the socket part 1 , the stress relief groove 12 will be slightly edged at the moment of insertion, releasing a part of the impact force borne by the protrusion 111 .
  • the elastic sleeve 3 can constrain the elastic piece 111 to prevent repeated friction between the male terminal and the barrel terminal after insertion due to instability.
  • the connecting part 2 is used for connecting with the cable, so as to complete the electrical transmission from the male terminal to the cable.
  • the number of the slots is 4 or 6 or 8 or 10 or 12 or 14 or 16.
  • the barrel terminal and the male terminal rely on the elasticity of the elastic arm 11 to ensure the electrical connection, it is best to arrange the connecting elastic arms 11 symmetrically to ensure that the stress after contact is symmetrical. Therefore, the number of the elastic arms 11 is generally an even number.
  • the inventor selected 100 barrel terminals of the same material and shape, and set the number of slots on the barrel terminals to 1, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 14 1, 16, 18, 20, the number of barrel terminals in each group is 10, and the conductivity of the inserted barrel terminal samples and the elastic force of the elastic arm 11 were tested respectively.
  • the test results are shown in Table 1.
  • the test method of conductivity is to pass the same current to the plugged barrel terminal and the male terminal, and compare the detected current value with the current value detected by the barrel terminal and the male terminal when they are in full contact. Less than 98% is considered unqualified.
  • the method for testing the elastic force is to use a precision force gauge to detect the elastic force when the opening position of the elastic arm 11 moves by 1mm. According to the terminal of the corresponding shape, the elastic force less than 3N and greater than 10N is unqualified. Because the elastic force is small, the contact stress of the barrel terminal to the elastic arm 11 will be small, resulting in a reduced contact area and an increased contact resistance. When the elastic force is large, the insertion force of the male terminal increases, and the terminal cannot be easily inserted and pulled out.
  • the protrusion 111 includes two side surfaces, and the side surfaces of the protrusion 111 are connected to the top surface of the protrusion 111 and the inner surface of the elastic arm 11 through rounding.
  • Many male terminals are also provided with protruding parts. When the male terminal is pulled out from the barrel terminal, the protruding part on the male terminal will impact the inner surface of the protrusion 111. Therefore, in the preferred solution Among them, the side surfaces in all directions of the protrusion 111 are connected with the inner surface of the elastic arm 11 through rounding, so as to reduce the impact on the protrusion as much as possible.
  • the distance between the stress relief groove 12 and the connecting portion 2 accounts for at most 35% of the length of the elastic arm 11 . If the stress relief groove 12 is too far away from the connecting part 2, it means that it is too close to the free end of the elastic arm 11. According to the principle of leverage, the stress relief groove 12 is not easy to deform and cannot achieve the effect of stress relief, which will also cause the male terminal to fail. It is easy to insert into the barrel terminal. In order to test the ratio of the distance between the appropriate stress relief groove 12 and the connecting part 2 to the length of the elastic arm 11, the inventor conducted a related plug-in test and selected different elastic arms 11.
  • each The distance between the stress relief groove 12 of each elastic arm 11 and the connecting arm 2 accounts for a different percentage of the elastic arm 111, select the same male terminal, the outer diameter of the male terminal is the same as the inner diameter of the barrel terminal, and a force of 80N is used. Insert and unplug, if it cannot be inserted, it is unqualified, and the results are shown in Table 2.
  • Table 2 The effect of the ratio of the distance between the stress relief groove 12 and the connecting part 2 to the length of the elastic arm 11 at most on the pluggability
  • the male end terminal can be inserted into the barrel terminal normally.
  • the distance between the release groove 12 and the connecting portion 2 accounts for more than 35% of the length of the elastic arm 11 at most, the male terminal cannot be inserted into the barrel terminal. Therefore, the inventor prefers that the distance between the stress relief groove 12 and the connecting portion 2 accounts for at most 35% of the length of the elastic arm 11
  • the stress relief groove 12 is a circumferential arc-shaped depression on the elastic arm 11 . As shown in FIG. 3 , the arc-shaped depression can be more easily elastic, and the function of stress relief can be realized through such a design.
  • the maximum depth of the stress relief groove 12 is 35%-85% of the thickness of the elastic arm 11 .
  • the inventor conducted a plug-in test The test method was to select the same male terminal, different barrel terminals, and each barrel terminal The maximum depth of the stress relief groove 12 is different, and the other is the same. If the male terminal can be inserted into the barrel terminal under the force of 80N, it is qualified, otherwise it is unqualified. If there is a crease on the elastic arm 11, it is also unqualified. , and the test results are shown in Table 3.
  • Table 3 The effect of the maximum depth of the stress relief groove on the ability to plug and unplug and whether it will cause creases on the elastic arm
  • the outer side of the insertion part 1 has a groove disposed along the circumferential direction, and the elastic sleeve 3 is at least partially disposed in the groove.
  • the depth of the groove can be less than the height of the elastic sleeve 3, and a part of the elastic sleeve 3 is embedded in the groove to play a pre-fixed effect.
  • the elastic sleeve 3 is a spring.
  • the elastic sleeve 3 is a metal ring with a gap. As shown in FIG. 4 , the notch can ensure that the metal ring is deformed, and acts as an elastic constraint on the elastic arm 11 .
  • the width of the slot near the connecting portion 2 is greater than or equal to the width of the other side.
  • the groove is on the side of the connecting portion 2, which is the position where it contacts the male terminal. In order to obtain a larger contact area, the smaller the width of the groove on the side away from the connecting portion 2, the better.
  • the barrel terminal should be designed to discharge sediment and The location of the drainage, therefore, the larger the width of the groove on the side close to the connecting portion 2, the better the sediment and drainage performance.
  • the barrel terminal is made of tellurium copper alloy.
  • the tellurium-copper alloy is used as the material, so that the terminal has good electrical conductivity and easy cutting performance, ensuring electrical performance and improving processability. At the same time, the tellurium-copper alloy has excellent elasticity.
  • the barrel terminal is made of beryllium copper alloy.
  • the terminal made of beryllium copper alloy has high hardness, elastic limit, fatigue limit and wear resistance, and also has good corrosion resistance, thermal conductivity and electrical conductivity, and does not generate sparks when impacted.
  • the plug-in part 1 and/or the connecting part 2 are at least partially coated.
  • the purpose of the plating is to improve the corrosion resistance of the socket part 1 and the connection part 2, to improve the electrical conductivity, to increase the number of plugging times, and to better prolong the service life of the socket part 1 and the connection part 2.
  • the plating layer can adopt methods such as electroplating, chemical plating, magnetron sputtering or vacuum sputtering.
  • the coating material is one of gold, silver, silver-antimony alloy, graphite silver, graphene silver and silver-gold-zirconium alloy. Because the barrel terminal is mostly made of copper or aluminum, copper or aluminum, as an active metal, will oxidize with oxygen and water during use, so one or more inert metals are needed as the coating to extend the barrel terminal. service life.
  • the surface of the protrusion 111 is provided with a wear-resistant layer.
  • a wear-resistant layer By providing a conductive wear-resistant layer, the surface of the protrusion 111 can be prevented from being worn, and the service life of the barrel terminal can be prolonged.
  • the material of the wear-resistant layer is one of gold, silver, nickel, tin, zinc, tin-lead alloy, silver-antimony alloy, palladium, palladium-nickel alloy, graphite silver, graphene silver and silver-gold-zirconium alloy.
  • the wear-resistant layer is a metal contact that needs to be plugged and pulled out frequently. It needs a better wear-resistant metal as the material to greatly increase the service life of the contact. In addition, the contacts need good electrical conductivity.
  • the electrical conductivity and stability of the above metals are better than copper or copper alloys in comprehensive consideration, which can enable the barrel terminal to obtain better electrical performance and longer service life.

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  • Connector Housings Or Holding Contact Members (AREA)

Abstract

一种筒式端子，涉及电气连接领域，包括插接部、连接部和弹性套件；所述插接部一端与所述连接部连接，另一端设置至少两个轴向的开槽，使所述插接部分割为至少两个弹性臂；所述弹性臂的内表面上设置凸起，所述凸起的顶面与所述弹性臂的内表面圆滑过渡连接；所述弹性臂外周上设置有周向的应力释放槽；所述弹性套件套设在所述插接部外。弹性套件能够限制弹性臂，防止其发生变形，进而防止公端端子插入时发生偏磨。应力释放槽能够释放端子加工时和插接时的应力，防止其发生变形。凸起的顶面与所述弹性臂的内表面圆滑过渡连接，能够减少公端端子插入或拔出筒式端子时对凸起的冲击，进一步减缓凸起的摩擦，避免凸起处露出本体的材质。

Description

一种筒式端子
本发明要求2022年3月4日递交的申请号为2022204662701、发明名称为“一种筒式端子”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本发明涉及电气连接领域，尤其涉及一种筒式端子。
背景技术
电动汽车在充电时需要将充电枪插入到充电座中。当前发布的最新国家标准中，供电插头插入或拔出供电插座,车辆插头插入或拔出车辆插座的全过程的力均应满足国标要求，同时端子插接后的电阻及工作时的温升需要满足标准要求。现有充电座端子结构，母端子上具有与公端子插接的弹性臂，为了增加插拔力，弹性臂的内侧会设置向内的凸起。凸起与公端端子在反复插接中会产生磨损严重现象，既造成了电阻升高，充电效率下降，又会使新能源汽车充电过程中产生更高的温度，容易产生自燃风险。造成公端子与弹性臂凸起摩擦严重的原因有三个，一是为了防止公端子和母端子分开，两者间的摩擦力过大；二是弹性臂的刚性比较强，在实际使用中，公端子没有对准就插入母端子的时候，母端子各个弹性臂受力不均，受力强的弹性臂承受了额外的冲击力无法得到释放，全部作用于公端子和弹性臂的接触处；三是弹性臂的凸起与公端子的接触缺乏有效的平滑过渡。因此，现有技术中亟需一种新的方案来解决上述问题。
发明内容
本发明提供了一种筒式端子，能够解决筒式端子弹性部内侧的凸起容易受到反复摩擦而出现镀层破损的问题。
本发明提供的技术方案为：一种筒式端子，包括：插接部、连接部和弹性套件；所述插接部一端与所述连接部连接，另一端设置至少两个轴向的开槽，使所述插接部分割为至少两个弹性臂；所述弹性臂的内表面上设置凸起，所述凸起的顶面与所述弹性臂的内表面圆滑过渡连接；所述弹性臂外周上设置有周向的应力释放槽；所述弹性套件套设在所述插接部外。
本发明可以带来如下有益效果：弹性套件能够限制弹性臂，防止其发生变形，进而防止公端端子插入时发生偏磨。应力释放槽能够释放端子加工时和插接时的应力，防止其发生变形。凸起能够使端子连接更紧固，凸起的顶面与所述弹性臂的内表面圆滑过渡连接，能够减少公端端子插入或拔出筒式端子时对凸起的冲击，进一步减缓凸起的摩擦，防止凸起处镀层磨损露出本体的材质，避免了电阻增加和电能传输效率降低的问题。同时也避免了因为电阻增加导致的温度升高带来的失火隐患。
附图说明
图1为本发明一种筒式端子的结构示意图。
图2为本发明一种筒式端子的剖视图。
图3为本发明一种筒式端子上弧状凹陷的结构示意图。
图4为本发明一种筒式端子的弹性套件的结构示意图。
图中，1-插接部、2-连接部、3-弹性套件、11-弹性臂、12-应力释放槽、111-凸起。
具体实施方式
下面对本发明做进一步的详细说明，以令本领域技术人员参照说明书文字能够据以实施。为了对本发明的技术特征、目的和效果有更加清楚的理解，现对照附图说明本发明的具体实施方式。其中，术语“第一”、“第二”等仅用于描述目的，而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性或者隐含指明所指示的技术特征的数量，由此，限定有“第一”、“第二”等的特征可以明示或者隐含地包括一个或者更多个该特征。在本发明的描述中，除非另有说明，“多个”的含义是两个或两个以上。在本发明的描述中，除非另有说明，术语“连接”应做广义理解，例如，可以是固定连接，可以是可拆卸连接，可以是直接连接，可以是通过中间媒介间接连接，对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以根据具体情况理解上述术语在本专利中的具体含义。
本发明提供一种筒式端子，如图1和图2所示，包括：插接部1、连接部2和弹性套件3；所述插接部1一端与所述连接部2连接，另一端设置至少两个轴向的开槽，使所述插接部1分割为至少两个弹性臂11；所述弹性臂11的内表面上设置凸起111，所述凸起111的顶面与所述弹性臂11的内表面圆滑过渡连接；所述弹性臂11外周上设置有周向的应力释放槽12；所述弹性套件3套设在所述插接部1外。为了能够增加插接端子的插接力，在筒式端子的内壁上都会设置凸起111。当端子插接和分开时，凸起111会 承受额外的冲击力而造成凸起111表面的破损。而本发明的方案中，当公端端子插入筒式端子时，圆滑过渡的凸起111能够引导公端端子沿着弹性臂11进入插接部，并且圆滑过渡能够减小公端端子的端部对凸起111侧壁的冲击，有效减小凸起111上的导电镀层的磨损。当公端端子插入插接部1时，应力释放槽12会在插入的一瞬间发生轻微形边，释放一部分凸起111所承受的冲击力。弹性套件3能够对弹片111进行约束，防止插接后的公端端子和筒式端子因为不稳定而反复摩擦。连接部2用于和线缆连接，从而完成公端端子到线缆的电传输。
在一些实施例中，所述开槽的数量为4个或6个或8个或10个或12个或14个或16个。
由于筒式端子与公端端子是靠弹性臂11的弹性保证电气连接，因此最好能够使接弹性臂11对称设置，保证接触后的应力对称，因此所述弹性臂11的数量一般是偶数。
发明人选用了100个相同材质、相同形状的筒式端子，分别将筒式端子上的开槽数量设置成为1个、2个、4个、6个、8个、10个、12个、14个、16个、18个、20个，每组筒式端子数量为10个，分别测试了对插后筒式端子样件的导电率和弹性臂11的弹力。测试结果见表1。
导电率的测试方法是将对插后的筒式端子和公端端子通相同的电流，将检测后的电流值，与完全接触时的筒式端子和公端端子检测的电流值做比值，比值小于98％认为不合格。
弹力的测试方法是使用精密测力计，检测弹性臂11开口位置移动1mm的弹力。根据对应形状的端子，弹力小于3N、大于10N为不合格。因为弹力小了，筒式端子对弹性臂11的接触应力就会小，导致接触面积减小，接触电阻增大。弹力大了，公端端子插入力增大，无法很容易的进行端子的插拔。
表1不同的开槽数量对导电率和弹力的影响
从上表1可以看出，当开槽数量小于4个时，由于接触弹臂宽度很大，因此接触面积大，导电率很好，但是弹性很差，会导致公端端子很难插拔。当开槽数量增加到16个以上时，由于开槽数量的增多，导致弹性臂11接触面积减小，导电率也出现不合格。并 且由于弹性臂11宽度很小，弹力也无法保证。因此，发明人将开槽的数量确定为4个或6个或8个或10个或12个或14个或16个。
在一些实施例中，所述凸起111包括两个侧面，所述凸起111的侧面与所述凸起111的顶面及所述弹性臂11的内表面均通过倒圆连接。很多公端端子上也设置有凸出部，在公端端子从筒式端子中拔出时，公端端子上的凸出部就会对凸起111的内侧面产生冲击，因此在优选的方案中，凸起111各个方向的侧面均与弹性臂11的内表面通过倒圆连接，以尽可能的减少突起部所受到的冲击。
在一些实施例中，所述应力释放槽12与所述连接部2的距离最多占所述弹性臂11长度的35％。如果应力释放槽12与连接部2过远意味着离弹性臂11自由端过近，根据杠杆原理，应力释放槽12不容易发生形变，起不到应力释放的效果，也会造成公端端子不容易插进筒式端子，为了测试合适的应力释放槽12与所述连接部2的距离与所述弹性臂11长度的比，发明人进行了相关插拔测试，选用不同的弹性臂11，每个弹性臂11的应力释放槽12与连接臂2的距离占所述弹性臂111的百分比不同，选择相同的公端端子，公端端子的外径与筒式端子的内径相同，采用80N的力进行插拔，如果不能插入则为不合格，结果如表2所示。
表2：应力释放槽12与连接部2的距离最多占弹性臂11长度的比对能否插拔的影响
如表2所示，所述应力释放槽12与所述连接部2的距离最多占所述弹性臂11长度的百分比小于等于35％时，公端端子可以正常插入筒式端子，当所述应力释放槽12与所述连接部2的距离最多占所述弹性臂11长度的百分比大于35％时，公端端子无法插入筒式端子。因此，发明人优选所述应力释放槽12与所述连接部2的距离最多占所述弹性臂11长度的35％
在一些实施例中，所述应力释放槽12为所述弹性臂11上的周向弧状凹陷。如图3所示，弧状凹陷能够更容易具有弹性，通过这样的设计就能实现应力释放的功能。
在一些实施例中，所述应力释放槽12的最大深度为弹性臂11厚度的35％-85％。应力释放槽12的深度越深，则其提供的弹性越充分，但是，如果过深则会导致弹性臂11过薄，很容易发生弯折。为了选择合适的所述应力释放槽12的最大深度与弹性臂11厚度的比，发明人进行了插拔测试，测试方法为选择相同的公端端子，不同的筒式端子，每个筒式端子的应力释放槽12的最大深度不同，其他相同，如果在80N的作用力下公端端子能够插入筒式端子则为合格，否则为不合格，如果弹性臂11上出现折痕则也为不合格，测试结果如表3所示。
表3：应力释放槽的最大深度对能否插拔的影响及是否会使弹性臂出现折痕
由表3可知，当应力释放槽12的最大深度与弹性臂11厚度的比小于35％时，应力释放槽12不易发生形变，公端端子无法插入筒式端子。当应力释放槽12的最大深度与弹性臂11厚度的比大于85％时，弹性臂11会在公端端子插入时出现折痕，因此发明人优选所述应力释放槽12的最大深度为弹性臂11厚度的35％-85％。
在一些实施例中，所述插接部1的外侧具有沿周向设置的凹槽，所述弹性套件3至少部分设置在所述凹槽内。凹槽的深度可以小于弹性套件3的高度，弹性套件3的一部分嵌入凹槽，起到预固定的效果，当公端端子插入筒式端子时，弹性套件能够有效约束端子的连接处，减少反复摩擦。
进一步的，所述弹性套件3为弹簧。
在一些实施例中，所述弹性套件3为具有缺口的金属环。如图4所示，缺口能够保证金属环发生形变，起到对弹性臂11弹性约束的作用。
在一些实施例中，所述开槽在靠近所述连接部2一侧的宽度，大于或等于另一侧的宽度。开槽在连接部2的一侧，是和公端端子接触的位置，为了获得更大的接触面积，开槽在远离连接部2一侧的宽度越小越好。另外，由于筒式端子的腔体在某些时候会进入水和泥沙，为了使插接结构的性能更好，使用寿命更长，筒式端子上要设计排泥沙和 排水的位置，因此开槽在靠近所述连接部2一侧的宽度越大越具有良好的排泥沙和排水性能。
在一些实施例中，所述筒式端子的材质为碲铜合金。碲铜合金作为材质，使端子具有良好的导电性和易切削性能，保证电学性能也能提高加工性，同时，碲铜合金的弹性也很优良。
在另一些实施例中，所述筒式端子的材质为铍铜合金。铍铜合金材质的端子具有很高的硬度、弹性极限、疲劳极限和耐磨性，还具有良好的耐蚀性、导热性和导电性，且受冲击时不产生火花。
在一些实施例中，所述插接部1和/或所述连接部2至少部分具有镀层。镀层是为了提高插接部1和连接部2的耐腐蚀性，提高导电性能，增加接插次数，能够更好的延长插接部1和连接部2的使用寿命。
镀层可采用电镀、化学镀、磁控溅射或者真空溅镀等方法。镀层的材质为金、银、银锑合金、石墨银、石墨烯银和银金锆合金中的一种。因为筒式端子多为铜或铝材质，铜或铝作为一种活泼金属，在使用过程中会与氧气和水发生氧化反应，因此需要一种或几种不活泼金属作为镀层，延长筒式端子的使用寿命。
在一些实施例中，所述凸起111的表面设置有耐磨层。通过设置导电耐磨层，能够防止凸起111的表面磨损，延长筒式端子的使用寿命。优选地，耐磨层材质为金、银、镍、锡、锌、锡铅合金、银锑合金、钯、钯镍合金、石墨银、石墨烯银和银金锆合金中的一种。耐磨层作为需要经常插拔的金属触点，是需要较好的耐磨金属作为材质，才能够极大的增加触点的使用寿命。还有触点需要很好的导电性能，上述金属的导电性和稳定性，综合考虑都要优于铜或铜合金，能够使筒式端子获得更好的电学性能和更长的使用寿命。
尽管本发明的实施方案已公开如上，但其并不仅仅限于说明书和实施方式中所列运用，它完全可以被适用于各种适合本发明的领域，对于熟悉本领域的人员而言，可容易地实现另外的修改，因此在不背离权利要求及等同范围所限定的一般概念下，本发明并不限于特定的细节和这里示出与描述的图例。

Claims (12)

  1. 一种筒式端子，其特征在于，包括：插接部、连接部和弹性套件；
    所述插接部一端与所述连接部连接，另一端设置至少两个轴向的开槽，使所述插接部分割为至少两个弹性臂；
    所述弹性臂的内表面上设置凸起，所述凸起的顶面与所述弹性臂的内表面圆滑过渡连接；
    所述弹性臂外周上设置有周向的应力释放槽；
    所述弹性套件套设在所述插接部外。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的筒式端子，其特征在于，所述开槽的数量为4个或6个或8个或10个或12个或14个或16个。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的筒式端子，其特征在于，所述凸起包括两个侧面，所述凸起的侧面与所述凸起的顶面及所述弹性臂的内表面均通过倒圆连接。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的筒式端子，其特征在于，所述应力释放槽与所述连接部的距离最多占所述弹性臂长度的35％。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的筒式端子，其特征在于，所述应力释放槽为所述弹性臂上的周向弧状凹陷。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的筒式端子，其特征在于，所述应力释放槽的最大深度为所述弹性臂厚度的35％-85％。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的筒式端子，其特征在于，所述插接部的外侧具有沿周向设置的凹槽，所述弹性套件至少部分设置在所述凹槽内。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的筒式端子，其特征在于，所述弹性套件为弹簧。
  9. 根据权利要求1所述的筒式端子，其特征在于，所述弹性套件为具有缺口的金属环。
  10. 根据权利要求1所述的筒式端子，其特征在于，所述开槽在靠近所述连接部一侧的宽度，大于或等于另一侧的宽度。
  11. 根据权利要求1所述的筒式端子，其特征在于，所述插接部和/或所述连接部至少部分具有镀层。
  12. 根据权利要求1所述的筒式端子，其特征在于，所述凸起的表面设置有耐磨层。
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