WO2023160785A1 - Réfrigérateur efficace en termes d'espace - Google Patents

Réfrigérateur efficace en termes d'espace Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023160785A1
WO2023160785A1 PCT/EP2022/054610 EP2022054610W WO2023160785A1 WO 2023160785 A1 WO2023160785 A1 WO 2023160785A1 EP 2022054610 W EP2022054610 W EP 2022054610W WO 2023160785 A1 WO2023160785 A1 WO 2023160785A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
liner
goods
temperature sensor
temperature
cooled compartment
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2022/054610
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Gilberto PIN
Tommaso PELLEGRINI
Mohamed CHAFIK
Edoardo OLIVIERI
Original Assignee
Electrolux Appliances Aktiebolag
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Electrolux Appliances Aktiebolag filed Critical Electrolux Appliances Aktiebolag
Priority to PCT/EP2022/054610 priority Critical patent/WO2023160785A1/fr
Publication of WO2023160785A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023160785A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F25D29/00—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2600/00—Control issues
    • F25B2600/02—Compressor control
    • F25B2600/025—Compressor control by controlling speed
    • F25B2600/0251—Compressor control by controlling speed with on-off operation
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2700/00—Sensing or detecting of parameters; Sensors therefor
    • F25B2700/21—Temperatures
    • F25B2700/2104—Temperatures of an indoor room or compartment
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F25D2700/00—Means for sensing or measuring; Sensors therefor
    • F25D2700/06—Sensors detecting the presence of a product
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F25D2700/00—Means for sensing or measuring; Sensors therefor
    • F25D2700/16—Sensors measuring the temperature of products

Definitions

  • the present disclosure relates to a refrigerator and to a refrigerator employing a control method.
  • Refrigerators are used to keep goods such as food and the like at a cooled temperature in a cooled compartment. If the refrigerator is used to keep the goods at a temperature below the freezing point the refrigerator is sometimes called a freezer. However, the term refrigerator will be used for any apparatus used to store goods at a cooled temperature such that the temperature inside the refrigerator can be lower than the ambient air outside the refrigerator.
  • the temperature In a refrigerator, the temperature is typically kept at a narrow band around a set temperature. Thus, it is typically desired to not let the temperature become much lower than the set temperature because there will then be a loss of energy. Other negative effects may also occur. On the other hand, it is also desired to not let the temperature become higher than the set temperature. For example, if the goods stored in the refrigerator is food, the food may have a shortened storing time.
  • a temperature sensor In order to control the temperature inside the refrigerator a temperature sensor is typically used.
  • the temperature sensor is typically located outside the cooled compartment such that the temperature sensor can obtain a correct reding of the temperature inside the cooled compartment.
  • the temperature sensor can be located directly behind and in contact with the inner liner so as to obtain a correct reading of the temperature inside the cooled compartment.
  • the temperature sensor when placing warm goods such as food in the cooled compartment of a refrigerator, there is a risk that the temperature sensor will give a wrong output if the warm goods are placed very close to the temperature sensor. For example, if the temperature sensor is placed directly behind the inner liner and warm goods are placed in contact with the inner lining of the cooled compartment, the temperature sensor will give a reading close to the temperature of the warm goods instead of the temperature of the cooled compartment. This will lead to a high demand for cooling and the compressor will be run for an unnecessary long time or with an unnecessary high speed in case of a variable-speed compressor, resulting in a waste of energy and a too low temperature inside the cooled compartment.
  • a space can be formed in front of the temperature sensor inside the cooled compartment where no goods can be placed.
  • a shelf in front of the temperature sensor can be designed to not extend all the way to the inner lining whereby a short distance is formed between the inner liner and the shelf where no goods can be placed.
  • Another way to address the problem could be to utilize multiple temperature sensors. Only the reading from the sensor with the lowest temperature is then used to control the temperature inside the cooled compartment.
  • the above methods for solving the problem when warm goods are placed in the cooled compartment of a refrigerator have drawbacks. For example, using a distance to the inner liner will reduce the amount of space that can be utilized inside the cooled compartment.
  • the use of multiple temperature sensors will increase the cost and it can be difficult to determine which temperature sensor (if any) that gives the correct reading. For example, if frozen goods are placed to thaw in the cooled compartment, the temperature sensor giving the lowest reading can give a too low temperature.
  • the refrigerator is configured to enter a different control mode that takes into account such an incorrect reading.
  • a refrigerator comprising a cooled compartment for storing goods to be cooled.
  • a door is provided for accessing the cooled compartment, and a cooling arrangement comprising a compressor for cooling the cooled compartment is also provided.
  • the refrigerator further comprises a liner delimiting the cooled compartment from a space of the refrigerator outside of the cooled compartment, and a temperature sensor is provided in the space outside the cooled compartment and in direct contact with the liner.
  • a controller is used for controlling the cooling arrangement based on an output from the temperature sensor.
  • the cooled compartment is configured to store goods in direct contact with the liner at a location directly opposite to the location of the temperature sensor, and the controller is adapted to detect that goods are located in the cooled compartment at a location contacting the liner where the temperature sensor is located.
  • the controller controls the cooling arrangement based on detection of such goods in contact with the liner.
  • the liner is a rear wall liner of the cooled compartment.
  • the cooled compartment comprises a shelf for storing goods, the shelf extending all the way to the liner such that goods when placed on the shelf can contact the liner at a location corresponding to the location of the temperature sensor at the opposite side of the liner.
  • the cooled compartment can be fully utilized for storing goods.
  • the controller is adapted to detect that goods are located in the cooled compartment at a location contacting the liner where the temperature sensor is located based on a temperature derivative of a temperature sensor output signal.
  • the controller can then enter a special detection mode.
  • an efficient algorithm that is robust can be provided.
  • the controller is adapted to detect that goods are located in the cooled compartment at a location contacting the liner where the temperature sensor is located based on a comparison between the temperature derivative of a temperature sensor output signal with a pre- stored value or values of a temperature derivative.
  • the controller is in the detection mode adapted to command the compressor to switch between an on state and an off state for a number of cycles.
  • the controller is in the detection mode adapted to command the compressor to switch between an on state and an off state for a number of cycles.
  • the controller is adapted to obtain temperature derivatives for both the compressor on state and the compressor off state and detect that goods are located in the cooled compartment at a location contacting the liner where the temperature sensor based on both the temperature derivative during the compressor-on state and the temperature derivative during the compressor-off state.
  • the temperature sensor based on both the temperature derivative during the compressor-on state and the temperature derivative during the compressor-off state.
  • the controller is adapted to enter a mode where the compressor is switched between the compressor on state and the compressor off state based on a pre-determined condition.
  • a suitable start condition can be programmed to the controller.
  • the pre-determined condition can be the opening or closing of the door; and/or based on a determined temperature derivative obtained from the temperature sensor.
  • multiple cooled compartments are provided and an arrangement (28) is provided to control a refrigerant to circulate to different cooled compartments.
  • an arrangement (28) is provided to control a refrigerant to circulate to different cooled compartments.
  • Fig. 1 is a view of a refrigerator
  • FIG. 2 is a partial cross-sectional view of the refrigerator of Fig. 1 .
  • - Fig. 3 is a view illustrating a cooling arrangement
  • Fig. 4 is a flow chart illustrating steps performed when detecting goods in a cooled compartment of a refrigerator
  • Fig. 5 illustrates a controller used for controlling the temperature in a cooled compartment of a refrigerator
  • - Fig. 6 illustrates an exemplary speed pattern for a variable speed compressor.
  • a refrigerator 10 is depicted.
  • the refrigerator 10 can be any type of appliance designed to keep goods at a cooled temperature and can typically be a household refrigerator or a household freezer.
  • the term refrigerator is used herein to refer to any apparatus used for keeping goods at a temperature cooler than the ambient air.
  • the refrigerator 10 is delimited by outer walls 12.
  • the refrigerator 10 has a cooled compartment 14.
  • the cooled compartment 14 can be accessed via a door 16.
  • the door 16 can be any type of opening used for accessing the cooled compartment such as a drawer or so-called French doors.
  • the door can have a sensor associated therewith so that it can be determined when the door is opened and or closed.
  • the cooled compartment 14 is cooled by a cooling arrangement 18 as will be described in more detail below.
  • the cooled compartment 14 can further have a shelf 20 whereon goods to be cooled can be placed.
  • a liner 40 is located inside the refrigerator.
  • the liner 40 separates the cooled compartment 14 from a space 30.
  • the space 30 is located between the liner 40 and an outer wall 12.
  • the outer wall is a rear wall 44 such that the liner 40 forms a rear wall liner.
  • electronics and other parts such as ducts and the like that are hidden from the user can be placed.
  • a temperature sensor 34 is located in the space 30 directly behind the liner 40 and in particular in contact with the liner 40.
  • the temperature sensor 34 can even be located in the liner 40. However, such an implementation is also considered to be behind the liner 40 in this disclosure. Hereby a good reading of the temperature inside the cooled compartment can be obtained.
  • Other devices such as in particular a controller 32 can also be located in the space 30.
  • the cooled compartment 14 can comprise a shelf 20.
  • the shelf 20 can extend all the way to the liner 40 without any hinder preventing goods to be placed against the liner 40.
  • goods can be placed in direct contact with the liner 40 at a location directly opposite to the location of the temperature sensor 34. Hence, goods can be placed very close to the temperature sensor 34.
  • only the liner 40 or a fraction of the liner 40 separate the goods from the temperature sensor 34.
  • the exemplary configuration of the refrigerator in the example of Figs 1 and 2 only illustrates one of many possible configurations.
  • multiple cooled compartments can be provided.
  • the cooled compartments can in some embodiments comprise one or multiple freezer compartments.
  • the temperature sensor can be located behind a laterally arranged liner or in some other way that makes it possible for goods stored in the cooled compartment to influence the output from the temperature sensor used to determine the temperature in the cooled compartment.
  • the cooling arrangement 18 can comprise a compressor 52, a condenser 54 and an evaporator 56.
  • the cooling arrangement 18 also comprises an expansion valve 26.
  • the expansion valve 26 can typically be a capillary tube or a similar device.
  • the cooling arrangement 18 is controlled by the controller 32.
  • the controller 32 can be configured to determine when and for how long to run the compressor 52 or at what speed to run the compressor. This in turn provides cooling capacity that the cooling arrangement 18 can deliver.
  • the temperature that the controller strives to keep can be set by a user as a target temperature and the controller 32 can be fed with an input signal indicative of a temperature of a cooled compartment to be kept at the cooled temperature from a temperature sensor 34.
  • the cooling arrangement 18 can also comprise additional components such a closable a valve 28. Further, the cooling arrangement 18 can comprise additional compartments to be cooled. The cooling arrangement can then comprise additional evaporators 56. In accordance with some embodiments the valve 28 is used to divert the coolant to such additional compartments having corresponding evaporators (not shown).
  • a refrigerator configuration such as the one exemplified above in conjunction with Fig. 2, it is advantageous to enable detection of when goods, such a food package, is put in contact with the air temperature sensor.
  • This can for example be the case when goods are placed in direct contact with the liner 40 close to where the temperature sensor 34 is located.
  • the temperature sensor will be influenced by the temperature of the goods and temperature reading can deviate from the air temperature inside the cooled compartment.
  • the undesired effect caused by such a contact is twofold.
  • the desired reading of the temperature sensor may be corrupted, since the measured temperature can become that of the goods and not that of the air.
  • the dynamics of the cooling system are modified, since the goods increases the thermal inertia as perceived by the controller 32 and the controller cannot regulate efficiently anymore. This is because the control loop employed by the controller 32 is not calibrated for the changed inertia.
  • the thermal capacity of the air is orders of magnitude smaller than that of most goods such as food or food container that may come in contact with the temperature sensor.
  • this condition is detected.
  • the temperature difference is relatively large such as in the order of several degrees Celsius for example at least three or five degrees Celsius, this can be detected by detected a quick change in the read temperature. This can be done for instance by monitoring the derivative (slope) of the temperature after a door-opening or some other predefined condition. If the derivative becomes larger than a positive threshold parameter, then the contact of warm goods can be detected. On the other hand, if the temperature derivative becomes smaller than a negative threshold parameter, then the contact of cold goods, like frozen food, is detected.
  • the temperature sensor when the temperature of the goods placed in contact with, or close to, the temperature sensor is close to the air temperature inside the cooled compartment, the measured derivative cannot always be used to correctly detect this condition.
  • the temperature of the goods in contact with the sensor is similar to that of the compartment, this case is not less harmful than that of warm or cold goods in contact. Indeed, the thermal inertia of the goods in contact with the sensor can lead the control loop to instability, since it is calibrated for a smaller inertia.
  • the detection of contact of goods with the temperature sensor can be based on a direct or indirect measure or an estimate of the thermal inertia as seen by the cooling arrangement 18.
  • the thermal inertia is measured by comparing the derivative of the temperature during cooling-ON phase, i.e., when refrigerator fluid flows inside the evaporator of the cooling arrangement used for cooling the cooled compartment with the derivative of the temperature measured or estimated during cooling-OFF phase, i.e., when refrigerator fluid does not flow inside the evaporator of the cooled compartment.
  • the derivatives of the air temperature can advantageously be computed with a technique which is robust to quantization, such that even small ripples, due to the switching of the compressor ON-/OFF can be identified.
  • the change of the thermal inertia is detected by computing a detection signal, i.e., a function of the derivative(s), that indicates the level of similarity of the measured pattern of derivative(s) with a nominal pattern, i.e., a pattern expected to occur if there is no contact with the temperature sensor.
  • the detection signal is thus compared to a reference threshold value to determine if the temperature sensor is in contact with goods with a temperature deviating from the air temperature inside the cooled compartment.
  • the control system When a contact is detected based on the comparison of the detection signal with the reference threshold, the control system is slowed down, in order to adapt the dynamics of the controller loop to the increased thermal inertia, and to keep the control loop in a stable condition.
  • a start (entry) condition is determined in a step 300.
  • the opening of the door to the cooled compartment 18 can be used to start the control method set out in Fig. 4.
  • the controller can switch to a detection mode in step 301 that is designed to facilitate detection if goods is placed close to or in contact with the temperature sensor.
  • the detection mode the compressor is run in an ON-OFF operating mode for a predetermined number of cycles (if this was not already the operation mode for the compressor before entering the detection mode).
  • the compressor can in the detection mode be forced to switch on and off for a period of time (or a number N cycles) in a step 303.
  • the minimum speed can be increased during the on phase of the compressor or set to a minimum value in order to better excite the system.
  • detection of goods close to the temperature sensor can be improved.
  • the cooling capacity can be kept unchanged by running the compressor at higher speed but during shorter time intervals.
  • the temperature derivatives are determined during cooling-ON phases and or cooling-OFF phases.
  • the cooling-on and cooling-off phases of the cooling compartment typically match the compressor-on and compressor-off states of the compressor.
  • the cooling on-phase can correspond to the simultaneous occurrence of compressor- on and a state, for example a valve setting, that permits the refrigerant to feed the evaporator of the cooled compartment. If the compressor is off or if the valve takes any other position, then the state of the cooled compartment corresponds to cooling- off.
  • the derivative of the air temperature can advantageously be computed with a technique which is robust to quantization such that even small ripples, due to the ON- OFF of the compressor (or cooling ON/OFF), can be identified.
  • the determined values of the derivatives are compared with a stored value or set of values that corresponds to the inertia when the temperature sensor is in contact with air (normal mode of operation) in a step 307. Based on the determination in step 307 the controller can determine that the temperature sensor is in contact with goods having a temperature deviating from the air temperature inside the cooled compartment in a step 309. If such goods are detected the controller enters a contact mode in a step 311 where the control loop is changed to take into account the higher inertia resulting from the goods in the cooled compartment.
  • the control loop can in the contact mode be set to run the compressor less than the temperature sensor would indicate in a normal control loop.
  • the control loop is slowed down in order to adapt the dynamics of the controller to the increased thermal inertia, and to keep the control loop stable.
  • the detection mode can be exit and the control can return to normal operation of the compressor in a step 315.
  • the controller exits the detection mode and returns to normal mode of operation.
  • the controller can exit the contact mode based on some predetermined condition in a step 313. For example, the detection mode can be run again to determine if goods are still in contact with the liner 40. In another embodiment the controller always exits the contact mode when the door is opened in which case the detection mode can be re-entered in step 300.
  • Fig. 6 illustrates an exemplary speed pattern for a variable speed compressor if such a compressor is used in the cooling arrangement 18.
  • the compressor speed is shown as a function of time (upper Figure)
  • the sensed temperature at the corresponding time is also shown (lower Figure).
  • the derivative computation and pattern check is as described above in conjunction with Fig. 4 can also be performed also in normal mode of operation, but in this case the compressor speed is unaffected.
  • the controller can enter the detection mode as described in conjunction with Fig. 3.
  • the detection of a pattern indicating that goods are stored in contact with the temperature sensor during normal mode of operation can trigger the start of the detection mode in step 300 as described above.
  • the controller 32 as described herein can be implemented using suitable hardware and or software.
  • An exemplary controller 32 is depicted in Fig. 5.
  • the hardware can comprise one or many processors 401 that can be arranged to execute software stored in a readable storage media 402.
  • the processor(s) can be implemented by a single dedicated processor, by a single shared processor, or by a plurality of individual processors, some of which may be shared or distributed.
  • a processor or may include, without limitation, digital signal processor (DSP) hardware, ASIC hardware, read only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), and/or other storage media.
  • DSP digital signal processor
  • ASIC application specific integrated circuitry
  • ROM read only memory
  • RAM random access memory
  • the processor 32 is adapted to send and receive signals from other entities using an interface 403. Such signals can be an input signal from a temperature sensor and a control signal emitted to control the run of the compressor.
  • Using the invention can enable detection of frosting or warming of goods when a warm or cold package is put in contact with the temperature sensor (directly or indirectly).
  • the controller reads a temperature warmer than that of the air, so it will provide excessive cooling capacity to the cavity, bringing the air temperature far below the target.
  • the controller reads a temperature colder than that of the air, so it will provide insufficient cooling capacity to the cavity, bringing the air temperature far above the target temperature.
  • instability of the cooling system when a package with temperature close to the target temperature placed in contact with the temperature sensor can be avoided or the effects reduced.
  • the measured temperature is close to that of the air, the increased thermal inertial can lead the control loop to instability, since it is calibrated for a smaller inertia.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Devices That Are Associated With Refrigeration Equipment (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un réfrigérateur comprenant un compartiment réfrigéré destiné à stocker des produits à refroidir. Une porte est prévue pour accéder au compartiment réfrigéré, et un agencement de refroidissement comprenant un compresseur pour refroidir le compartiment réfrigéré est également prévu. Le réfrigérateur comprend en outre une cuve délimitant le compartiment réfrigéré d'un espace du réfrigérateur à l'extérieur du compartiment réfrigéré, et un capteur de température est disposé dans l'espace à l'extérieur du compartiment réfrigéré et en contact direct avec la cuve. Un dispositif de commande est utilisé pour commander l'agencement de refroidissement sur la base d'une sortie provenant du capteur de température. Le compartiment réfrigéré est configuré pour stocker des produits en contact direct avec la cuve à un emplacement directement opposé à l'emplacement du capteur de température, et le dispositif de commande est conçu pour détecter que des produits se trouvent dans le compartiment réfrigéré à un emplacement en contact avec la cuve où se trouve le capteur de température. Le dispositif de commande commande l'agencement de refroidissement sur la base de la détection de tels produits en contact avec la cuve. Ainsi, un refroidissement efficace du compartiment réfrigéré peut être obtenu sans réduire l'espace utilisé pour stocker les produits et avec un agencement de capteur qui a une faible complexité.
PCT/EP2022/054610 2022-02-24 2022-02-24 Réfrigérateur efficace en termes d'espace WO2023160785A1 (fr)

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PCT/EP2022/054610 WO2023160785A1 (fr) 2022-02-24 2022-02-24 Réfrigérateur efficace en termes d'espace

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/EP2022/054610 WO2023160785A1 (fr) 2022-02-24 2022-02-24 Réfrigérateur efficace en termes d'espace

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Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5711159A (en) * 1994-09-07 1998-01-27 General Electric Company Energy-efficient refrigerator control system
WO2019130661A1 (fr) * 2017-12-28 2019-07-04 シャープ株式会社 Réfrigérateur
KR20210096949A (ko) * 2020-01-29 2021-08-06 엘지전자 주식회사 냉장고 및 냉장고의 제어 방법
CN114061259A (zh) * 2021-11-30 2022-02-18 青岛海尔电冰箱有限公司 制冷设备的控制方法

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5711159A (en) * 1994-09-07 1998-01-27 General Electric Company Energy-efficient refrigerator control system
WO2019130661A1 (fr) * 2017-12-28 2019-07-04 シャープ株式会社 Réfrigérateur
KR20210096949A (ko) * 2020-01-29 2021-08-06 엘지전자 주식회사 냉장고 및 냉장고의 제어 방법
CN114061259A (zh) * 2021-11-30 2022-02-18 青岛海尔电冰箱有限公司 制冷设备的控制方法

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