WO2023159551A1 - 一种可检测发光二极管元件电特性的车灯总成架构 - Google Patents

一种可检测发光二极管元件电特性的车灯总成架构 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023159551A1
WO2023159551A1 PCT/CN2022/078225 CN2022078225W WO2023159551A1 WO 2023159551 A1 WO2023159551 A1 WO 2023159551A1 CN 2022078225 W CN2022078225 W CN 2022078225W WO 2023159551 A1 WO2023159551 A1 WO 2023159551A1
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Prior art keywords
circuit
light
light source
emitting diode
led
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PCT/CN2022/078225
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
陈復邦
赵永祥
陈宗庠
黄长清
黄国欣
Original Assignee
联嘉光电股份有限公司
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Priority to PCT/CN2022/078225 priority Critical patent/WO2023159551A1/zh
Publication of WO2023159551A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023159551A1/zh

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60Q—ARRANGEMENT OF SIGNALLING OR LIGHTING DEVICES, THE MOUNTING OR SUPPORTING THEREOF OR CIRCUITS THEREFOR, FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60Q11/00—Arrangement of monitoring devices for devices provided for in groups B60Q1/00 - B60Q9/00
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
    • G01R31/26—Testing of individual semiconductor devices
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B45/00—Circuit arrangements for operating light-emitting diodes [LED]
    • H05B45/50—Circuit arrangements for operating light-emitting diodes [LED] responsive to malfunctions or undesirable behaviour of LEDs; responsive to LED life; Protective circuits
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21W—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES F21K, F21L, F21S and F21V, RELATING TO USES OR APPLICATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS
    • F21W2107/00—Use or application of lighting devices on or in particular types of vehicles
    • F21W2107/10—Use or application of lighting devices on or in particular types of vehicles for land vehicles
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21Y—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES F21K, F21L, F21S and F21V, RELATING TO THE FORM OR THE KIND OF THE LIGHT SOURCES OR OF THE COLOUR OF THE LIGHT EMITTED
    • F21Y2115/00—Light-generating elements of semiconductor light sources
    • F21Y2115/10—Light-emitting diodes [LED]

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a light-emitting diode vehicle light assembly, in particular to a structure of a vehicle light assembly that can directly and accurately detect the semiconductor electrical characteristics of the light-emitting diode crystal grains of the light-emitting diode light source inside.
  • a light-emitting diode is a light source that can use semiconductor electrons and holes to recombine to produce high brightness. It has been widely used in vehicle headlights and tail lights (blue, yellow, orange, red, white and infrared) and so on. In addition to high luminosity and high luminous density, high-quality high-power LEDs also need to have good reliability. Taking the Automotive Lighting Unit as an example, once the LEDs fail, it will affect the safety of driving at night. With the high standards of automotive LEDs, even a small amount of failure of 1ppm still needs to be improved in the automotive industry, so the components are accurate. The detection of photoelectric characteristics is very important.
  • the manufacturing process of the car light assembly is roughly as follows: first, the semiconductor PN junction LED chip (chip) is made from epitaxial wafers, and then the LED packaging components are made, and then the light-emitting car light module (PCBA) is made, and finally Into a car light assembly for use in cars.
  • the semiconductor PN junction LED chip chip
  • the LED packaging components are made
  • the light-emitting car light module PCBA
  • a light source block and good directivity It is used in headlights for road lighting. A wide range of applications, for example, it can be used with sensors to achieve enhanced lighting in specific areas or partial automatic evasion of oncoming lanes. Since the sudden failure of the headlights will affect the safety of active driving, if the unexpected damage is caused when driving at night, it may cause traffic accidents at night.
  • the car light has two light source modules, which are a low beam light source module 1A and a high beam light source module 1B, placed in a lamp housing 3 of a car lamp assembly 2, the lamp housing
  • the enclosed space inside 3 is provided with an LED lamp drive module 4 (LDM: LED Drive Module), and its internal drive power supply has two parts, respectively a low beam control unit 4A and a high beam control unit 4B, which can A driving power circuit A and a driving power circuit B are respectively supplied to control the turning on or brightness adjustment of the low beam light source module 1A and the high beam light source module 1B.
  • LDM LED Drive Module
  • the low-beam light control unit 4A provides DC drive power to achieve the light-emitting action of the low-beam light source module 1A of the drive power circuit A.
  • the current channel A1 has the LED element of the low beam light source module 1A
  • the current channel A2 has an antistatic protection element 1C for protecting the LED element
  • the antistatic protection element 1C is Unidirectional Zener diode element (Zener Diode)
  • the P pole and N pole of the unidirectional Zener diode element need to be opposite to the polarity of the LED element
  • the LED element of the low beam light source module 1A is forward biased Under normal operation, the current of the unidirectional Zener diode will not pass through.
  • the unidirectional Zener diode When the LED element of the low beam light source module 1A is under high reverse bias voltage, the unidirectional Zener diode will have the effect of protecting the flow.
  • the antistatic protection element 1C connected in parallel to the low beam light source module 1A can make the LED components of the low beam light source module 1A have better antistatic and surge effects; there are also car lights for the design Therefore, the antistatic protection element 1C is not used, or the electrostatic protection element 1C is designed in the LED lamp driving module 4 .
  • the low beam light source module 1A and the high beam light source module 1B have different driving power supply circuits A and B, and the current starting points are respectively the low beam light source module 1A and the high beam light source module 1B and the negative terminals of the LED elements of the low-beam light source module 1A and the high-beam light source module 1B are unified, and returned to the driving power supply of the LED lamp driving module 4 .
  • the LED lamp driving module 4 is electrically connected to a body control module 6 (Body Control Module) through a connector 5 outside the lamp housing 3, and a storage battery 7 in the car is electrically connected to the body control module 6.
  • the vehicle body controller 6 controls and manages various vehicle light functions through the LED vehicle light driving module 4 .
  • the vehicle lamp assembly 2 includes all components inside the lamp housing 3 and a connector 5 outside the lamp housing 3 . In order to prevent water and moisture, it is designed as an airtight space.
  • the LED dies of the low beam light source module 1A and the high beam light source module 1B operate under high current and high temperature conditions.
  • the low beam light source module 1A and The LED element of the high beam light source module 1B is usually the most vulnerable part in the vehicle lamp assembly 2 .
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the voltage-current characteristic curve of the LED grain.
  • the items that can be detected include: the forward voltage V f1 under the forward current I f1 , the extremely small forward voltage V f1 The forward voltage V f2 under the current I f2 and the reverse leakage current Ir under the reverse voltage Vr.
  • the forward voltage V f1 under the forward current I f1
  • the extremely small forward voltage V f1 is approximately 3.0V.
  • the extremely small forward current I f2 is 10 ⁇ A
  • the corresponding forward voltage V f2 is approximately 2.7V.
  • the reverse voltage Vr is -5V
  • the corresponding reverse leakage current Ir is roughly 0.02 ⁇ A.
  • the light-emitting diode grain has poor contact or the semiconductor layer of the light-emitting diode grain is abnormally conductive, its forward voltage V f1 under the forward current I f1 will increase; if the semiconductor PN junction epitaxy of the light-emitting diode grain When the material deteriorates, the reverse leakage current Ir under the reverse voltage Vr will increase, and at the same time the forward voltage V f2 under the very small forward current I f2 will decrease.
  • This characteristic can reflect the electrical characteristics of the LED grain, can identify whether the LED grain is normal or not, and compare the change of its value with time, and even predict the life of the abnormal LED grain.
  • the low-beam light source module 1A and the high-beam light source module 1B are placed in the airtight lamp housing 3, and the positive and negative of the light-emitting diode grains of the low-beam light source module 1A and the high-beam light source module 1B The electrodes are connected to the LED lamp driver module 4. If the light-emitting diode grain is directly connected to the positive and negative poles for measurement, it will form a parallel circuit with the LED lamp driver module 4. At this time, the low beam light source module 1A cannot be accurately measured. .
  • the LED dies of the low beam light source module 1A and the high beam light source module 1B are located in the airtight lamp housing 3 , and it is very difficult to disassemble the lamp housing 3 for debugging.
  • the main purpose of the present invention is to disclose a car light assembly framework capable of testing the electrical characteristics of LED components, allowing the LED light source to be tested to be in a state of isolation from the driving power source to eliminate interference from external factors; Then measure the positive electrode and negative electrode of the LED grain of the LED light source in sequence, so that the material condition of the LED grain of each LED light source can be correctly evaluated, and then the LED grain with doubtful reliability can be found . It can also monitor the LED grains of the LED light source for a long time, and monitor the status of abnormal components.
  • the present invention is a car light assembly framework capable of detecting the electrical characteristics of light-emitting diode elements, which includes a car light housing, an LED drive module (LED Drive Module: LDM), a power supply and control cable, at least one Light emitting diode light source, at least one driving power circuit, at least one circuit intercepting unit and a connection line of an electric meter, wherein the car light housing has an inner space of the car light housing, and the LED car light driving module is arranged inside the inner space of the car light housing , and the LED lamp driving module has at least one driving power supply, each of which has a power supply positive terminal and a power supply negative terminal outputting a driving voltage, and the power supply and control cables pass through the vehicle lamp
  • the housing is electrically connected to the LED lamp driving module.
  • the at least one driving power circuit is correspondingly connected to the at least one driving power supply, each of the driving power circuits is arranged in the inner space of the lamp housing and has a first end and a second end, and the first end is connected to the power supply
  • the positive terminal, the second terminal is connected to the negative terminal of the power supply, and there is at least one circuit channel between the first terminal and the second terminal, and the at least one LED light source is selectively arranged on the at least one circuit channel.
  • the at least one circuit blocking unit is correspondingly disposed on the at least one driving power circuit, each of the circuit blocking units has at least one circuit switch, and the at least one circuit switch is disposed on the circuit channel having the at least one LED light source, And by controlling the at least one circuit switch to be on or off, the circuit blocking unit has an on state and an off state respectively. Isolated from the drive power supply.
  • the ammeter connection line has at least one positive line and at least one negative line, the at least one positive line and the at least one negative line of the ammeter connection line are in pairs and are selectively connected to both sides of any one of the at least one LED light source .
  • the positive circuit and the negative circuit in groups of two are electrically connected to a current source ammeter respectively according to electrical properties.
  • the light-emitting diode light source located in the same circuit channel can be isolated from the driving power supply, so it will not be affected by external voltage, such as a parallel circuit, so
  • the grain detection of the at least one LED light source can be carried out sequentially through the connection circuit of the ammeter, and the electrical characteristics of the LED grains of the at least one LED light source can be estimated through the measurement data value of the current source ammeter. or not to discover if it is broken or about to be broken.
  • the remaining lifetime of the abnormal LED grain in the at least one LED light source can be estimated by comparing the value of the electrical characteristic with time. To avoid sudden failure of the at least one light emitting diode light source during driving, so as to maintain driving safety.
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a conventional car light assembly
  • Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a voltage-current characteristic curve of a light-emitting diode grain
  • Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the physical appearance of the car lamp assembly of the present invention
  • FIG. 4 is a first schematic diagram of the architecture of the first embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a second schematic diagram of the architecture of the first embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 6 is a first schematic diagram of the vehicle light assembly structure according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 7 is a second schematic diagram of the vehicle light assembly structure according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the double-headed plug according to the third embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the vehicle light assembly according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 10 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the vehicle lamp assembly according to the fifth embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 11 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the vehicle light assembly according to the sixth embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 12 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the vehicle light assembly according to the seventh embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the lamp assembly of the eighth embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 and FIG. 4 are the physical appearance of the vehicle light assembly of the present invention and the schematic diagram of the structure of the first embodiment, which includes a vehicle light housing 10, an LED vehicle light driving module 20 (LED Drive Module: LDM ), a power supply and control cable 30, at least one light emitting diode light source 40, at least one driving power supply circuit 50, at least one circuit interception unit 60 and an ammeter connection circuit 70, wherein the car lamp housing 10 has a car lamp housing Inner space 11, the LED lamp driving module 20 is arranged in the inner space 11 of the lamp housing, and the LED lamp driving module 20 has at least one driving power supply 20A, and each driving power supply 20A has an output A power supply positive terminal 21 and a power supply negative terminal 22 of the driving voltage.
  • the power and control cable 30 passes through the lamp housing 10 and is electrically connected to the LED lamp drive module 20.
  • the power cable 30 is connected to a body controller 80 of the car, and the body controller 80 is connected to to a storage battery 81 to obtain the required power.
  • the at least one driving power circuit 50 is correspondingly connected to the at least one driving power supply 20A, and each of the driving power circuits 50 is disposed in the interior space 11 of the lamp housing and has a first end 51 and a second end 52, The first terminal 51 is connected to the positive terminal 21 of the power supply, the second terminal 52 is connected to the negative terminal 22 of the power supply, and there is at least one circuit channel 53 between the first terminal 51 and the second terminal 52, and the at least one light emitting diode The light source 40 is selectively disposed on any one of the at least one circuit channel 53 .
  • the at least one driving power supply 20A and the at least one driving power circuit 50 are one. In other embodiments, there may be multiple driving power suppliers 20A and multiple driving power circuits 50 .
  • Each of the driving power circuits 50 is correspondingly connected to a plurality of the driving power supplies 20A in the LED lamp driving module 20, and can independently control switches and luminous intensity.
  • the at least one circuit channel 53 of each driving power circuit 50 is basically one, and may also have a plurality of parallel-connected circuit channels 53 .
  • the plurality of parallel circuit channels 53 are used for setting the at least one LED light source 40 or other functional components.
  • the at least one light emitting diode light source 40 is also one, and in other embodiments, the at least one light emitting diode light source 40 may also be multiple and arranged in series.
  • the loop cut-off unit 60 is composed of a circuit switch 60X at the front end and a circuit switch 60Y at the rear end.
  • a drive power circuit 50 needs to be provided with at least one of the circuit switch 60X or the circuit switch 60Y to achieve the function of cutting off the loop.
  • at least one of the circuit switch 60X or the circuit switch 60Y is disposed on the circuit channel 53 having the at least one LED light source 40 .
  • the loop disconnecting unit 60 has an open state and a disconnected state respectively. In practice, by controlling at least one circuit switch 60X or the circuit switch 60Y to be connected or disconnected, the loop disconnected unit 60 is in the connected state. or the open circuit condition.
  • the circuit breaking unit 60 when the circuit breaking unit 60 is in the disconnected state, it is to make the corresponding at least one LED light source 40 in a state of being isolated from the driving power.
  • the at least one light emitting diode light source 40 be electrically connected to the ammeter connection line 70
  • the ammeter connection line 70 has at least one positive pole line 71 and at least one negative pole line 72
  • the at least one negative circuit 72 is in pairs and selects (if there are a plurality of light emitting diode light sources 40 ) to connect any two sides of the at least one light emitting diode light source 40 , and the positive circuit 71 in groups of two and two is connected with
  • the negative circuit 72 is electrically connected to a current source ammeter 90 respectively.
  • the part surrounded by the dotted line 91 of the outer frame is the vehicle light assembly of the present invention.
  • the lamp housing 10 can be any one selected from headlights, fog lamps, tail lights, side lights, and projection headlights.
  • the circuit switches 60X and 60Y of the at least one loop interrupting unit 60 are electronically controlled circuit switches, which are selected from relays and semiconductor transistors.
  • the present invention can further include an electrical measurement connection box 73, the electrical measurement connection line 70 is arranged in the electrical measurement connection box 73, and the positive electrode circuit 71 and the negative electrode circuit 72 respectively have a positive external connection on the electrical measurement connection box 73.
  • the measurement terminal 71a is connected with a negative electrode externally to the measurement terminal 72a.
  • the ammeter connection line 70 passes through the lamp housing 10 to connect two sides of the at least one LED light source 40 , and the other end of the ammeter connection line 70 is connected to the current source ammeter 90 .
  • the circuit switches 60X, 60Y of the at least one circuit blocking unit 60 are arranged in the lamp housing 10, and the circuit switches 60X, 60Y are electronically controlled circuit switches. , and the electric control signal is provided by an external electric control signal line 61 arranged outside the lamp housing 10 .
  • FIG. 4 it is the measurement state of the first embodiment, wherein the positive external measurement terminal 71a and the negative external measurement terminal 72a are drawn solid, representing that the current source ammeter 90 is electrically connected, as shown in FIG. 4 architecture, as long as the external electrical control signal line 61 is used to provide a control signal, so that the circuit switch 60X or the circuit switch 60Y of the loop interrupting unit 60 is in an open circuit state (drawn as hollow in the drawing), the at least one light emitting diode light source 40 is Will be in a state of isolation from the driving power supply, so the ammeter connection line 70 can be used to selectively (if there are multiple) connect any two sides of the at least one light-emitting diode light source 40, and cooperate with the current source ammeter 90 to carry out the test .
  • the at least one LED light source 40 will not be disturbed by external factors, and the small current characteristics of the LED crystal grains of the at least one LED light source 40 under forward bias and reverse bias can be accurately measured, In order to correctly evaluate the quality characteristics of the LED crystal grains of the at least one LED light source 40 , it is used as a reference for replacement during vehicle maintenance.
  • Fig. 5 is the operating state of the first embodiment (turn on the at least one light emitting diode light source 40 and use it as vehicle lighting), as shown in Fig. 5, as long as the external electrical control signal line 61 is used to provide
  • the control signal makes the loop cut-off unit 60 on the drive power loop 50 be in a pass state (drawn as solid in the drawings), that is, all the circuit switches 60X and 60Y are all pass; in addition, let the positive pole be connected to the measuring terminal 71a
  • the external measuring terminal 72a of the negative electrode is not connected to the connection line 70 of the ammeter (drawn as hollow in the figure), that is, both sides of the LED light source 40 are separated from the current source ammeter 90 .
  • This circuit is just like the schematic diagram of the structure of the conventional car light assembly shown in FIG. 1 , and can normally provide lighting when driving.
  • FIG. 6 and FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the lamp assembly of the second embodiment of the present invention.
  • the at least one circuit blocking unit 60 is one, and the at least one circuit Two switches 60X and 60Y will be described as examples.
  • the at least one circuit switch 60X, 60Y of the at least one loop interrupting unit 60 is arranged in the electrical test connection box 73, and the at least one circuit switch 60X, 60Y is an electronically controlled circuit switch, and the at least one circuit switch 60X,
  • the electrical control signal of 60Y is provided by the external electrical control signal line 61 arranged outside the electrical test connection box 73 .
  • the circuit switches 60X and 60Y of the loop interrupting unit 60 are disconnected (drawn as a hollow ), that is, the ammeter connection line 70 can be used to selectively (if there are more than one) connect any one of the Two sides of at least one LED light source 40 .
  • the loop cut-off unit 60 is in the access state (the drawings are drawn as solid), and the ammeter connection circuit 70 is not connected to the positive external measurement terminal 71a and the negative external measurement terminal 72a (drawn as hollow), that is, the two sides of the LED light source 40 are not connected, and the lighting during driving can be provided normally.
  • the electrical connection box 73 includes a first connector part 73A and a second connector part. Part 73B, the electrical connection box 73 has a manually controlled circuit switch function.
  • the second part of the connector 73B is a double-head connector 14
  • the double-head connector 14 has a first connecting portion 141 and a second connecting portion 142, the first connecting portion 141 and the second connecting portion 142
  • the relative position is any one selected from the same side, the adjacent side or the opposite side of the double connector 14 , as shown in FIG. 8 as the opposite side.
  • first connecting part 141 and the second connecting part 142 of the double-headed connector 14 can be combined by two separate parts, that is, the first connecting part 141 and the second connecting part 142 are separate Components can be disassembled or assembled according to requirements, and the assembly method can be achieved by bonding, buckling, etc.
  • the circuit channel 53 provided with the at least one light emitting diode light source 40 is secondarily extended into the first part 73A of the connector, and forms two breaking points 143X, 143Y in the first part 73A of the connector.
  • the at least one light emitting diode The light source 40 is arranged between the two disconnection points 143X and 143Y, and the first connection part 141 has two electrical connection parts 141X and 141Y which respectively conduct the disconnection points 143X and 143Y and can serve as the circuit breaking unit 60.
  • the second connection part 142 has two connection lines 142X, 142Y, and the two connection lines 142X, 142Y are respectively used as the positive line 71 and the negative line 72, and one end of the positive line 71 and the negative line 72 are connected to the LED light source 40 respectively. The other end is respectively connected to the positive external measurement terminal 71a and the negative external measurement terminal 72a.
  • the two breakpoints 143X, 143Y can be turned on, so that at least An LED light source 40 can normally emit light for illumination.
  • the two connection lines 142X, 142Y of the second connection portion 142 are connected to the two disconnection points 143X, 143Y, the at least one light emitting diode light source 40 will be isolated and in an isolated state from the driving power source, so that the anode
  • the external measurement terminal 71a and the negative external measurement terminal 72a are externally connected to the current source ammeter 90 (see FIG. 4 ) for measurement, so that the external current source ammeter 90 can measure the at least one LED light source 40
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the lamp assembly of the fourth embodiment of the present invention.
  • the three driving power circuits 50A, 50B, and 50C respectively have a circuit channel 53A, 53B, and 53C, and the circuit channels 53A, 53B, and 53C are respectively provided with an LED light source 40A, 40B, 40C and A loop breaking unit 60A, 60B, 60C.
  • the loop intercepting units 60A, 60B, 60C are arranged in the electrical connection box 73 and use the external electrical control signal line 61 to provide control signals.
  • the loop cutoff units 60A, 60B, and 60C respectively include three current switches 60X, 60Y, and 60Z, and are located on the circuit channels 53A, 53B, and 53 respectively, and correspond to the LED light sources 40A, 40B, and 40C respectively. .
  • the three circuit switches 60X, 60Y, and 60Z are all open circuits, so the three circuit breaking units 60A, 60B, and 60C are all in an open circuit state, that is, the corresponding three LED light sources 40A, 40B , 40C means that it is in a state of isolation from the driving power supply, and both can be measured.
  • the ammeter connection line 70 has three positive pole lines 71-1, 71-2, 71-3 and a collinear negative pole line 72 which are respectively connected to the LED light source 40A, 40A, Both ends of 40B and 40C.
  • the current source ammeter 90 can be connected to the positive pole lines 71-1, 71-2, 71-3 and the negative pole lines of different groups by means of jack switch, manual switch or electric control switch. 72.
  • the positive line 71 - 2 and the negative line 72 are connected to the current source ammeter 90 , which can measure the LED light source 40B.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of a vehicle light assembly according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention.
  • the driving power circuit 50 has a circuit channel 53, and three The LED light sources 40A, 40B, 40C are connected in series.
  • the circuit breaking unit 60 has two circuit switches 60X, 60Y, which are disposed at the front end and the rear end of the circuit channel 53 and are disposed in the electrical connection box 73 . That is to say, the circuit switches 60X and 60Y are respectively provided at a front end and a rear end of the circuit channel 53 having the at least one LED light source 40A, 40B, 40C.
  • the ammeter connection line 70 has three positive pole lines 71-1, 71-2, 71-3 and three negative pole lines 72-1, 72-2, 72-3, respectively connected to the three LED light sources 40A, 40B, 40C, and part of the positive line 71-1, 71-2, 71-3 and part of the negative line 72-1, 72-2, 72-3 are common lines, that is, the positive line 71-2 It is collinear with the negative circuit 72-1, and the positive circuit 71-3 is collinear with the negative circuit 72-2.
  • the positive line 71 - 2 and the negative line 72 - 2 are connected to the current source ammeter 90 .
  • the current source ammeter 90 can be connected to the positive pole lines 71-1, 71-2, 71-3 and the negative pole lines of different groups by means of jack switch, manual switch or electric control switch. 72-1, 72-2, 72-3, that is, the specific LED light source 40A, 40B, 40C can be selected for measurement.
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic structural diagram of a vehicle light assembly according to a sixth embodiment of the present invention.
  • three LED light sources 40A, 40B, and 40C are provided on a drive power circuit 50. And all can be measured individually, and its difference with the fifth embodiment is that only the loop cut-off unit 60 is set at the front end of the circuit channel 53, and it only has one circuit switch 60X, which can reach three light-emitting diode light sources.
  • 40A, 40B, and 40C are isolated from the driving power supply. If there is no other parallel circuit in the circuit channel 53, only one circuit switch 60X needs to be provided in the circuit channel 53's circuit cut-off unit 60.
  • the circuit channel 53 can be The three light-emitting diode light sources 40A, 40B, 40C above are in a state of being isolated from the driving power. More specifically, the circuit switch 60X is set at the front end and the rear end of the circuit channel 53 having the at least one LED light source 40A, 40B, 40C (the front end is selected in FIG. 11 ).
  • FIG. 12 is a schematic structural diagram of a vehicle light assembly according to a seventh embodiment of the present invention.
  • the driving power supply circuit 50 has two circuit channels 53A, 53B that are parallel circuits, and one of the circuit channels 53A is for setting the at least one LED light source 40A, 53B that is connected in series. 40B, 40C, and another circuit channel 53B is provided with an electrostatic protection element 41 .
  • the electrostatic protection element 41 can also be a zener diode (one-way or two-way), a capacitor, a resistor, etc., which can provide protection against static electricity or surge impact.
  • FIG. 13 is a schematic structural diagram of the lamp assembly of the eighth embodiment of the present invention.
  • the difference from the sixth embodiment is that the circuit blocking unit 60 is connected to the driving current Two circuit switches 60X, 60Y are required in loop 50 . Because the driving current loop 50 has a circuit channel 531 and a parallel circuit channel 5321 behind the circuit switch 60X. At this time, the circuit switch 60Y needs to be added before the circuit channel 531 merges with the parallel circuit channel 5321 , and at this time, the circuit breaking unit 60 can be activated.
  • the three LED light sources 40A, 40B, 40C connected in series and the ESD protection element 41 (Zener diode) connected in parallel are packaged in a carrier board 54, and the material of the package carrier board 54 is selected from ceramic substrates, Any one of BT board, copper substrate and silicon carbide substrate, and it is applied to the circuit board of the car light module, which has high reliability and integration of the car.
  • the current source ammeter 90 can be used for measurement, as shown in the following table, which is the three LED light sources 40A, 40B in the eighth embodiment. , 40C (marked as LED-A, LED-B, LED-C) measurement data sheet.
  • InGaN InGaN
  • V f1 3.01V/3.06V/5.62V.
  • the operating condition current is 350mA
  • V f1 3.01V/3.06V/5.62V.
  • the possible cause of failure may be the interface or Wire bonding and die bonding are degraded by heat. If it fails in practice, the light-emitting module must be repaired or replaced immediately, and the warning needs to pay attention to whether the LED-C continues to deteriorate.
  • the features of the present invention include at least:
  • the LED car light assembly is relatively expensive and complicated. Compared with the traditional light source, the LED light source can be tested for the diode characteristic curve to evaluate the life. .
  • the at least one light emitting diode light source located in the same circuit channel can be isolated from the driving power supply by making the circuit blocking unit in the disconnected state, so the at least one light emitting diode light source will not be affected by external factors, Such as the influence of the parallel circuit, the light-emitting diode crystal grain detection of the at least one light-emitting diode light source can be carried out sequentially through the connection line of the electric meter, and the light-emitting diode crystal grain of the at least one light-emitting diode light source can be estimated through the value of the measurement data. The remaining lifespan of the grains is used to find out whether it is about to be damaged, so as to avoid sudden failure of the at least one light emitting diode light source during driving and maintain driving safety.
  • the present invention is simple in design to achieve benefits, and has electric control and manual control modes.
  • the loop cut-off unit can use external electric control signal lines in the electric control mode to meet various operating requirements. In the manual control mode, the operation is simpler and the cost is lower.
  • the loop cut-off unit is manually inserted through the design of the first connection part and the second connection part of the double-headed connector to provide different functions.
  • the present invention can better improve the safety of unmanned self-driving cars.
  • the electric control mode of the present invention can be matched with a current source ammeter to achieve self-testing of self-driving car lights. Let the self-driving car self-detect the lights to prevent the lights from failing and avoid accidental collisions by passers-by.

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Abstract

一种可检测发光二极管元件电特性的车灯总成架构，让至少一发光二极管光源（40、40A、40B、40C）选择性地设置于至少一驱动电源回路（50、50A、50B、50C）的至少一电路通道（53、53A、53B、53C）的任一上，至少一回路截断单元（60、60A、60B、60C）具有对应至少一驱动电源回路（50、50A、50B、50C）的至少一电路开关（60X、60Y）且设置于具有至少一发光二极管光源（40、40A、40B、40C）的电路通道（53、53A、53B、53C）上，并通过控制至少一电路开关（60X、60Y）让至少一电路通道（53、53A、53B、53C）为处于与驱动电源隔绝状态，而一电表连接线路（70、71-1、71-2、71-3、72-1、72-2、72-3）连接任一至少一发光二极管光源（40、40A、40B、40C）的两侧；据此通过让至少一发光二极管光源（40、40A、40B、40C）处于与驱动电源隔绝状态，不受驱动电源回路（50、50A、50B、50C）的电流与电压的影响，因而可让一电流源电表（90）通过电表连接线路（70、71-1、71-2、71-3、72-1、72-2、72-3）依序对至少一发光二极管光源（40、40A、40B、40C）进行晶粒检测，以发现是否损坏或即将损坏。

Description

一种可检测发光二极管元件电特性的车灯总成架构 技术领域
本发明有关于发光二极管车灯总成，尤其有关于可直接与精确检测其内部发光二极管光源的发光二极管晶粒的半导体电特性的车灯总成架构。
背景技术
发光二极管(LED)，为一种可以利用半导体的电子与电洞复合产生高亮度的光源。已广泛使用于车用头灯与尾其他车外灯(蓝黄、橘、红、白光与红外线)等等。优质的高功率发光二极管除了高发光度与高发光密度外，也需要有良好的信赖度。以车灯总成(Automotive Lighting Unit)为例，一旦发光二极管失效，会影响夜间行车安全，以车用发光二极管的高标准规范，即使1ppm的微量失效，在汽车业也是需要改善，所以元件准确的光电特性检测性非常重要。
车灯总成的制程大致为：先以磊晶圆制成半导体PN接面的发光二极管晶粒(chip)，再制成发光二极管封装元件，接着制作成发光车灯模块(PCBA)，最后制作成车灯总成以使用于汽车。发光二极管光源相对于传统钨丝灯泡或荧光灯泡光源虽然成本较高，但其优点为启动速度快更具安全性，另外具有光源区块性与良好的指向性，使用于车头灯对于道路照明有广泛的应用，例如可与感测器搭配达成特定区域强化照明或对向车道局部自动避光的功能。由于车头灯突发故障会影响主动行车安全，如果在夜间行驶的非预期损坏，可能造成夜间的交通事故。
请参阅图1所示，车灯有两个光源模块，为一近光灯光源模块1A与一远光灯光源模块1B，置于一车灯总成2的一灯壳3内，该灯壳3内的密闭空间设有一LED车灯驱动模块4(LDM:LED Drive Module)，其内部的驱动电源供应器有两部分各为一近光灯控制单元4A与一远光灯控制单元4B，可各供应一驱动电源回路A与一驱动电源回路B，达到控制该近光灯光源模块1A与该远光灯光源模块1B的开启或亮度调整。
以该近光灯光源模块1A为例，该近光灯控制单元4A提供直流驱动电源，达到该驱动电源回路A的近光灯光源模块1A的发光作动，于该驱动电源回路A上，具有两个并联的电流通道A1、A2，该电流通道A1上有该近光灯光源 模块1A的LED元件，该电流通道A2上有保护LED元件的抗静电保护元件1C，该抗静电保护元件1C为单向的齐纳二极管元件(Zener Diode)，单向的齐纳二极管元件的P极与N极需与LED元件极性反向，在该近光灯光源模块1A的LED元件于顺向偏压的操作下，单向的齐纳二极管的电流不会通过，遇到在该近光灯光源模块1A的LED元件处于高逆向偏压下，单向的齐纳二极管才会有保护流通功效。于习知技术中，并联于该近光灯光源模块1A的该抗静电保护元件1C可以使该近光灯光源模块1A的LED元件具有更佳抗静电与突波功效；亦也有车灯为设计成不使用该抗静电保护元件1C，或将该静电保护元件1C设计于该LED车灯驱动模块4内。
于图1中：该近光灯光源模块1A与该远光灯光源模块1B有不同的驱动电源回路A、B，其电流起点各为该近光灯光源模块1A与该远光灯光源模块1B的LED元件的正极端；并于该近光灯光源模块1A与该远光灯光源模块1B的LED元件的负极端统一汇流，回到该LED车灯驱动模块4的驱动电源供应器。
该LED车灯驱动模块4通过该灯壳3外的一连接器5电性相连一车身控制器6(Body Control Module)，并汽车内的一电瓶7与该车身控制器6电性相连。该车身控制器6透过该LED车灯驱动模块4控制管理多种车灯功能。
该车灯总成2包含该灯壳3内的所有部件与该灯壳3外的连接器5。为了防水与防湿气，其设计为密闭空间，该近光灯光源模块1A、该远光灯光源模块1B的发光二极管晶粒操作于高电流与高温度条件下，该近光灯光源模块1A与该远光灯光源模块1B的LED元件通常为车灯总成2内的最易损坏的零件。
请参阅图2所示，为发光二极管晶粒的电压电流特性曲线示意图，对于发光二极管晶粒来说，可以检测的项目包含：顺向电流I f1下的顺向电压V f1、极小的顺向电流I f2下的顺向电压V f2与于逆向电压Vr下的逆向漏电流Ir。举例而言：以面积为1mm 2的氮化镓蓝光晶粒为例，其顺向电流I f1为350mA时，其对应的顺向电压V f1大致为3.0V。另外，当极小的顺向电流I f2为10μA时，其对应的顺向电压V f2大致为2.7V。当逆向电压Vr为-5V时，其对应的逆向漏电流Ir大致为0.02μA。
如果发光二极管晶粒有接触不良或发光二极管晶粒的半导体层导电异常时，其于顺向电流I f1下的顺向电压V f1会升高；如果发光二极管晶粒的半导体 PN接面磊晶材料劣化时，于逆向电压Vr下的逆向漏电流Ir会增加，同时极小的顺向电流I f2下的顺向电压V f2会降低。
此一特性可反映发光二极管晶粒的电特性，可以鉴定发光二极管晶粒正常与否，并在比对其数值对时间的改变，甚至可以预估异常发光二极管晶粒的寿命。
然而，习知该近光灯光源模块1A、该远光灯光源模块1B于密闭的灯壳3内，该近光灯光源模块1A、该远光灯光源模块1B的发光二极管晶粒的正负电极与LED车灯驱动模块4连接，如果发光二极管晶粒直接外接正负极量测，其会与LED车灯驱动模块4连形成并联电路，此时无法精确量测该近光灯光源模块1A、该远光灯光源模块1B的发光二极管晶粒的顺向电压下与逆向电压下的电特性，造成发光二极管晶粒的半导体PN接面与晶粒封装的品质判断不易。另外该近光灯光源模块1A、该远光灯光源模块1B的发光二极管晶粒为位于密闭的灯壳3内，拆解灯壳3进行侦错亦非常不易。
发明内容
爰此，本发明的主要目的在于揭露一种可检测发光二极管元件电特性的车灯总成架构，可让要测试的发光二极管光源为处于与驱动电源隔绝状态，以排除外在因素的干扰；再依序量测发光二极管光源的发光二极管晶粒的正电极与负电极，而可正确评估每颗发光二极管光源的发光二极管晶粒的材料状况，进而找出有信赖度疑虑的发光二极管晶粒。亦可长时间监测发光二极管光源的发光二极管晶粒，可监控异常元件的状况。
本发明为一种可检测发光二极管元件电特性的车灯总成架构，其包含一车灯壳体、一LED车灯驱动模块(LED Drive Module：LDM)、一电源及控制排线、至少一发光二极管光源、至少一驱动电源回路、至少一回路截断单元与一电表连接线路，其中该车灯壳体具有一车灯壳内部空间，该LED车灯驱动模块设置于该车灯壳内部空间内部，且该LED车灯驱动模块具有至少一驱动电源供应器，每个该驱动电源供应器具有输出一驱动电压的一电源正极端与一电源负极端，该电源及控制排线穿过该车灯壳体且电性连接该LED车灯驱动模块。
该至少一驱动电源回路对应连接该至少一驱动电源供应器，每个该驱动电 源回路设置于该车灯壳内部空间内且具有一第一端与一第二端，该第一端连接该电源正极端，该第二端连接该电源负极端，且该第一端与该第二端之间具有至少一电路通道，该至少一发光二极管光源选择性地设置于该至少一电路通道上。
该至少一回路截断单元对应设置于该至少一驱动电源回路上，每个该回路截断单元具有至少一电路开关，且该至少一电路开关设置于具有该至少一发光二极管光源的该电路通道上，并透过控制该至少一电路开关为通路或断路，让该回路截断单元分别具有一通路状态与一断路状态，当该回路截断单元为断路状态时，为让对应的该至少一发光二极管光源处于与驱动电源隔绝状态。
该电表连接线路具有至少一正极线路与至少一负极线路，该电表连接线路的该至少一正极线路与该至少一负极线路为两两一组且选择连接任一该至少一发光二极管光源的两侧。并两两一组的该正极线路与该负极线路为依电性分别电性连接至一电流源电表。
据此，透过让该回路截断单元处于断路状态，即可使位于同一该电路通道的让该发光二极管光源处于与驱动电源隔绝状态，因此不会受到外在电压，如并联回路的影响，故可通过该电表连接线路依序对该至少一发光二极管光源进行晶粒检测，透过该电流源电表的量测数据数值，可以预估该至少一发光二极管光源的发光二极管晶粒的电特性正常与否，以发现是否损坏或即将损坏。另外，可以比对其电特性的数值对时间的改变，可预估该至少一发光二极管光源中的异常的发光二极管晶粒的剩余寿命。以避免该至少一发光二极管光源在行驶中突发性失效，以维护行车的安全。
附图说明
图1，为习知车灯总成架构示意图；
图2，为发光二极管晶粒的电压电流特性曲线示意图；
图3，为本发明车灯总成的实体外观示意图
图4，为本发明第一实施例的架构示意图一；
图5，为本发明第一实施例的架构示意图二；
图6，为本发明第二实施例的车灯总成架构示意图一；
图7，为本发明第二实施例的车灯总成架构示意图二；
图8，为本发明第三实施例的双头插头架构示意图；
图9，为本发明第四实施例的车灯总成架构示意图；
图10，为本发明第五实施例的车灯总成架构示意图；
图11，为本发明第六实施例的车灯总成架构示意图；
图12，为本发明第七实施例的车灯总成架构示意图；
图13，为本发明第八实施例的车灯总成架构示意图。
具体实施方式
为对本发明的特征、目的及功效，有着更加深入的了解与认同，兹列举一较佳实施例并配合附图说明如后：
请参阅图3与图4所示，为本发明车灯总成的实体外观与第一实施例架构示意图，其包含一车灯壳体10、一LED车灯驱动模块20(LED Drive Module：LDM)、一电源及控制排线30、至少一发光二极管光源40、至少一驱动电源回路50、至少一回路截断单元60与一电表连接线路70，其中该车灯壳体10内具有一车灯壳内部空间11，该LED车灯驱动模块20设置于该车灯壳内部空间11内，且该LED车灯驱动模块20具有至少一驱动电源供应器20A，每个该驱动电源供应器20A具有输出一驱动电压的一电源正极端21与一电源负极端22。该电源及控制排线30穿过该车灯壳体10且电性连接该LED车灯驱动模块20，该电源排线30为连接至汽车的一车身控制器80，该车身控制器80再连接至一电瓶81，而取得所需的电力。
该至少一驱动电源回路50对应连接该至少一驱动电源供应器20A，且每个该驱动电源回路50设置于该车灯壳内部空间11内且具有一第一端51与一第二端52，该第一端51连接该电源正极端21，该第二端52连接该电源负极端22，且该第一端51与该第二端52之间具有至少一电路通道53，该至少一发光二极管光源40选择性地设置于该至少一电路通道53的任一上。于本实施例中，该至少一驱动电源供应器20A与该至少一驱动电源回路50为一个，其他实施例中可以为具有多个该驱动电源供应器20A与多个该驱动电源回路50，多个该驱动电源回路50皆对应连接至该LED车灯驱动模块20内的多个该驱动电源供应器20A，并可以独立控制开关与发光强度。每个该驱动电源回路50具有的该至少一电路通道53，基本为一个，也可具有多个并联的该电路通 道53。多个并联的该电路通道53为供设置该至少一发光二极管光源40或其他功能元件。而该至少一发光二极管光源40亦为一个，在其他实施例中，至少一发光二极管光源40亦可为多个并串联设置。
该回路截断单元60为由前端的一电路开关60X与后端的一电路开关60Y所构成，一个该驱动电源回路50需要设置至少一个该电路开关60X或该电路开关60Y，才能达到截断回路功效。较佳的，至少一个该电路开关60X或该电路开关60Y为设置于具有该至少一发光二极管光源40的该电路通道53上。该回路截断单元60分别具有一通路状态与一断路状态，在实施上，为透过控制至少一个该电路开关60X或该电路开关60Y为通路或断路，而让该回路截断单元60为该通路状态或该断路状态。
且该回路截断单元60为断路状态时，为让对应的该至少一发光二极管光源40处于与驱动电源隔绝状态。此时，让该至少一发光二极管光源40电性连接该电表连接线路70，该电表连接线路70具有至少一正极线路71与至少一负极线路72，该电表连接线路70的该至少一正极线路71与该至少一负极线路72为两两一组且选择(若有多个发光二极管光源40的话)连接任一该至少一发光二极管光源40的两侧，并两两一组的该正极线路71与该负极线路72为依电性分别电性连接至一电流源电表90。于图4中，外框虚线91所圈绕的部分即为本发明的车灯总成。
在实际时，该车灯壳体10可以为选自车头灯、雾灯、车尾灯、车侧灯、投影式车头灯的任一种。该至少一回路截断单元60的该电路开关60X、60Y为电控型电路开关，为选自继电器(Relay)与半导体的晶体管开关(semiconductor transistor)的任一。又本发明更可以包含一电测连接盒73，该电表连接线路70设置于该电测连接盒73内，该正极线路71与该负极线路72于该电测连接盒73上分别具有一正极外接量测端点71a与一负极外接量测端点72a。
且该电表连接线路70的一端为穿过该车灯壳体10以连接该至少一发光二极管光源40的两侧，该电表连接线路70的另一端连接至该电流源电表90。又于图4所示的第一实施例中，该至少一回路截断单元60的该电路开关60X、60Y设置于该车灯壳体10内，且该电路开关60X、60Y为电控型电路开关，并电控信号为由设置于该车灯壳体10外的一外接电控制信号线61提供。
如图4所示，为第一实施例的量测状态，其中该正极外接量测端点71a与该负极外接量测端点72a为绘制实心，代表电性连通该电流源电表90，如图4的架构，只要利用该外接电控制信号线61提供控制信号，让该回路截断单元60的该电路开关60X或该电路开关60Y为断路状态(附图绘制为空心)，该至少一发光二极管光源40即会处于与驱动电源隔绝状态，因此可利用该电表连接线路70选择性(若有多个的话)的连接任一该至少一发光二极管光源40的两侧，并配合该电流源电表90来进行测试。因此，该至少一发光二极管光源40不会受到外在因素的干扰，而可正确精准量测该至少一发光二极管光源40的发光二极管晶粒于顺向偏压与逆向偏压的微小电流特性，以正确评估该至少一发光二极管光源40的发光二极管晶粒的品质特性，以供汽车维修保养时的更换参考。
请再一并参阅图5所示，为第一实施例的操作状态(开启该至少一发光二极管光源40作为车灯照明使用)，如图5的架构，只要利用该外接电控制信号线61提供控制信号，让该驱动电源回路50上的该回路截断单元60为通路状态(附图绘制为实心)，即所有的该电路开关60X、60Y皆为通路；另外，让该正极外接量测端点71a与该负极外接量测端点72a与该电表连接线路70不连接(附图绘制为空心)亦即该发光二极管光源40的两侧为与该电流源电表90分离。此电路即如同图1的习知车灯总成架构示意图，可以正常提供行车时的照明。
请再一并参阅图6与图7所示，为本发明第二实施例车灯总成的架构示意图，于此实施例中，该至少一回路截断单元60为以一个，而该至少一电路开关60X、60Y为以两个为例加以说明。该至少一回路截断单元60的该至少一电路开关60X、60Y设置于该电测连接盒73内，且该至少一电路开关60X、60Y为电控型电路开关，并该至少一电路开关60X、60Y的电控信号为由设置于该电测连接盒73外的该外接电控制信号线61提供。
而第二实施例的量测状态，如图6的架构，只要利用该外接电控制信号线61提供控制信号，让该回路截断单元60的该电路开关60X、60Y为断路(附图绘制为空心)，即可利用该电表连接线路70透过连接该正极外接量测端点71a与该负极外接量测端点72a(附图绘制为实心)而选择性(若有多个的话)的连接任一该至少一发光二极管光源40的两侧。
而第二实施例的操作状态，如图7的架构，只要利用该外接电控制信号线61提供控制信号，让该回路截断单元60为通路状态(附图绘制为实心)，且该电表连接线路70不连接该正极外接量测端点71a与该负极外接量测端点72a(附图绘制为空心)，即不连接该发光二极管光源40的两侧，即可以正常提供行车时的照明。
请再一并参阅图8所示，为本发明第三实施例车灯总成的架构示意图，于此实施例中，该电测连接盒73包含一连接器第一部分73A与一连接器第二部分73B，该电测连接盒73具有手动控制的电路开关功能。其中该连接器第二部分73B为一双头连接器14，该双头连接器14具有一第一连接部141与一第二连接部142，该第一连接部141与该第二连接部142的相对位置为选自位于该双头连接器14的同一侧、相邻侧或对向侧的任一种，如图8所绘制为对向侧的型式。又该双头连接器14的该第一连接部141与该第二连接部142可以由分离的两个部件组合而成，亦即该第一连接部141与该第二连接部142为单独的部件，可以依据需求而拆开或组装，组装的方式可以利用粘合、卡扣等等方式达成。
而设置有该至少一发光二极管光源40的该电路通道53为二次延伸至该连接器第一部分73A内，并于该连接器第一部分73A内形成二断路点143X、143Y，该至少一发光二极管光源40为设置于该二断路点143X与143Y之间，又该第一连接部141具有二分别导通该断路点143X、143Y而能够作为该回路截断单元60的电连接部141X、141Y，该第二连接部142具有二连接线路142X、142Y，该二连接线路142X、142Y分别作为该正极线路71与该负极线路72，该正极线路71与该负极线路72的一端分别连接该发光二极管光源40的两侧，另一端分别连接至该正极外接量测端点71a与该负极外接量测端点72a。
如图8所绘制的架构，当该第一连接部141的该二电连接部141X、141Y与该二断路点143X、143Y接合时，即可以导通该二断路点143X、143Y，让该至少一发光二极管光源40可以正常发光照明。而当该第二连接部142的该二连接线路142X、142Y与该二断路点143X、143Y接合时，该至少一发光二极管光源40会被孤立而处于与驱动电源隔绝状态，即可让该正极外接量测端点71a与该负极外接量测端点72a外接该电流源电表90(请参阅图4所示)而进行量测，可以让该外接电流源电表90量测该至少一发光二极管光源40的发光 二极管晶粒的顺向偏压与逆向偏压下的微小与精密的电流与电压的特性数值。
请再一并参阅图9所示，为本发明第四实施例车灯总成的架构示意图，于此实施例中，具有三个驱动电源回路50A、50B、50C并分别对应连接三个驱动电源供应器20A、20B、20C，该三个驱动电源回路50A、50B、50C分别具有一电路通道53A、53B、53C，该电路通道53A、53B、53C分别设置一个发光二极管光源40A、40B、40C与一个回路截断单元60A、60B、60C。
该回路截断单元60A、60B、60C为设置于该电测连接盒73内，并利用该外接电控制信号线61提供控制信号。在实际实施时，该回路截断单元60A、60B、60C分别包含三个电流开关60X、60Y、60Z，并分别位于该电路通道53A、53B、53上，并分别对应发光二极管光源40A、40B、40C。
如图9所示，三个电路开关60X、60Y、60Z皆为断路，因此三个该回路截断单元60A、60B、60C皆为断路状态，亦即让对应的三个该发光二极管光源40A、40B、40C为处于与驱动电源隔绝状态，皆可以进行量测。又该电表连接线路70具有三个正极线路71-1、71-2、71-3与共线的一个该负极线路72并分别连接至不同该电路通道53A、53B、53C的该发光二极管光源40A、40B、40C的两端。
该电流源电表90可以为以插孔切换开关、手动切换开关或电动控制切换开关的任一种方式，连接至不同组的该正极线路71-1、71-2、71-3与该负极线路72。图9中为该正极线路71-2与该负极线路72连接至该电流源电表90，可量测该发光二极管光源40B。
请再一并参阅图10所示，为本发明第五实施例车灯总成的架构示意图，于此实施例中，该驱动电源回路50具有一个电路通道53，该电路通道53上设置三个串联的该发光二极管光源40A、40B、40C。该回路截断单元60具有两个电路开关60X、60Y，该电路开关60X、60Y为设置于该电路通道53的最前端与最后端且设置于该电测连接盒73内。亦即具有该至少一发光二极管光源40A、40B、40C的该电路通道53的一最前端与一最后端分别设置该电路开关60X、60Y。
该电表连接线路70具有三个正极线路71-1、71-2、71-3与三个负极线路72-1、72-2、72-3，分别连接三个该发光二极管光源40A、40B、40C的两侧，且部分的该正极线路71-1、71-2、71-3与部分的该负极线路72-1、72-2、72-3 为共线路，即该正极线路71-2与该负极线路72-1为共线，该正极线路71-3与该负极线路72-2为共线。而于图10中，正极线路71-2与该负极线路72-2为与该电流源电表90为连接状态。
该电流源电表90可以为以插孔切换开关、手动切换开关或电动控制切换开关的任一种方式，连接至不同组的该正极线路71-1、71-2、71-3与该负极线路72-1、72-2、72-3，即可选择特定的该发光二极管光源40A、40B、40C进行量测。
请再一并参阅图11所示，为本发明第六实施例车灯总成的架构示意图，于此实施例中，为一个驱动电源回路50上设置三个该发光二极管光源40A、40B、40C且皆可个别量测，其与第五实施例的差异在于，仅在该电路通道53的最前端设置该回路截断单元60，其只有一个电路开关60X，即可达让三个该发光二极管光源40A、40B、40C为处于与驱动电源隔绝状态。在该电路通道53没其他并联回路下，在该电路通道53的回路截断单元60只需设置一个该电路开关60X即可，透过让该电路开关60X为断路状态，即可让该电路通道53上的三个该发光二极管光源40A、40B、40C为处于与驱动电源隔绝状态。更明确的说，具有该至少一发光二极管光源40A、40B、40C的该电路通道53的最前端与最后端，择一设置该电路开关60X(图11为选择最前端)。
又再一并参阅图12所示，为本发明第七实施例车灯总成的架构示意图，于此实施例中，该至少一驱动电源回路50为一个。其与第六实施例相较，其差异在于，该驱动电源回路50具有二个为并联电路的电路通道53A、53B，其中一个该电路通道53A为设置该至少一为串联的发光二极管光源40A、40B、40C，另一个该电路通道53B为设置一静电保护元件41。该静电保护元件41亦可以是齐纳二极管(单向或双向)、电容、电阻等等，可针对静电或突波冲击产生保护功用。
又再一并参阅图13所示，为本发明第八实施例车灯总成的架构示意图，于此实施例中，其与第六实施例的差异在于，该回路截断单元60于该驱动电流回路50中需要两个电路开关60X、60Y。因该驱动电流回路50于该电路开关60X之后，具有一电路通道531与一并联电路通道5321。此时需在该电路通道531与该并联电路通道5321汇流前增加该电路开关60Y，此该时回路截断单元60方可作动。另外，三个串联的发光二极管光源40A、40B、40C与并 联的静电保护元件41(齐纳二极管)为封装在一封装载板54内，且该封装载板54的材质为选自陶瓷基板、BT板、铜基板与碳化硅基板的任一种，并将其适用于车灯模块的电路板上，有较高的车用信赖性与整合性。
而在让该至少一发光二极管光源40处于与驱动电源隔绝状态之后，即可利用该电流源电表90进行量测，如下表所示，为实施例八中，三个该发光二极管光源40A、40B、40C(表标示为LED-A、LED-B、LED-C)的量测数据表。
Figure PCTCN2022078225-appb-000001
其中，LED-A/LED-B/LED-C皆为1mm 2的氮化镓(InGaN)蓝光LED晶粒，分别量测逆向漏电流(-5V逆向偏压)，其漏电流各为0.6μA/2.8μA/0.1μA，以习知半导体特性而言超过5μA为失效(fail)，介于2μA与5μA之间为异常警示(warning)，低于2μA为正常(normal)，由表中得知LED-B为Ir＝2.8μA由结果判定为警示，其可能原因为半导体缺陷造成漏电流通道扩大。再分别量测操作条件下的顺向电压V f1(操作条件电流为350mA)，其V f1各为3.01V/3.06V/5.62V，以习知半导体特性而言超过5V为失效，介于3.5V与5.0V之间为警示，低于3.5V为正常，由表中得知LED-C为V f1＝5.62V，由结果判定为失效，其可能失效的原因可能为晶粒内的界面或打线与固晶接电受热劣化。于实务上失效必须立即发光模块修理或更换，而警示需留意LED-C是否持续恶化。
如上所述，本发明的特点至少包含：
1.改善习知LED车灯总成之内的发光二极管晶粒不可进行品质量测的缺点，LED车灯总成相对昂贵复杂，LED光源相较传统光源可进行二极管特性 曲线的测试以评估寿命。本发明透过让该回路截断单元处于断路状态，即可使位于同一该电路通道的让该至少一发光二极管光源处于与驱动电源隔绝状态，因此该至少一发光二极管光源不会受到外在因素，如并联回路的影响，故可通过该电表连接线路依序对该至少一发光二极管光源进行发光二极管晶粒检测，透过量测数据的数值，可以预估该至少一发光二极管光源的发光二极管晶粒的剩余寿明，而发现是否即将损坏，以避免该至少一发光二极管光源在行驶中突发性失效，以维护行车的安全。
2.本发明设计简单即可达成效益，且具有电动控制与手动控制的模式，该回路截断单元于电动控制的模式可以利用外接电控制信号线，满足各种的操作需求。而手动控制的模式，施作更简单，更低成本，该回路截断单元手动透过该双头连接器的第一连接部与第二连接部的设计，分别插设即提供不同的功能。
3.本发明对无人驾驶的自驾车的安全可以更佳提升，本发明电动控制的模式可以搭配电流源电表，达成自驾车车灯自我检测。让自驾车可以自我检测车灯，以防止车灯失效，避免发生路人误撞事件。
4.提供整合式的封装体设计，让多个该发光二极管光源与并联的静电保护元件封装在同一封装载板内，达到更佳的发光特性与系统整合性。

Claims (16)

  1. 一种可检测发光二极管元件电特性的车灯总成架构，其特征在于，包含：
    一车灯壳体，该车灯壳体具有一车灯壳内部空间；
    一LED车灯驱动模块，该LED车灯驱动模块设置于该车灯壳内部空间内，且该LED车灯驱动模块具有至少一驱动电源供应器，每个该驱动电源供应器具有输出一驱动电压的一电源正极端与一电源负极端；
    一电源及控制排线，该电源及控制排线穿过该车灯壳体且电性连接该LED车灯驱动模块；
    至少一发光二极管光源；
    至少一驱动电源回路，该至少一驱动电源回路对应连接该至少一驱动电源供应器，每个该驱动电源回路设置于该车灯壳内部空间内且具有一第一端与一第二端，该第一端连接该电源正极端，该第二端连接该电源负极端，且该第一端与该第二端之间具有至少一电路通道，该至少一发光二极管光源选择性地设置于该至少一电路通道上；
    至少一回路截断单元，该至少一回路截断单元对应设置于该至少一驱动电源回路上，每个该回路截断单元具有至少一电路开关，且该至少一电路开关设置于具有该至少一发光二极管光源的该电路通道上，并透过控制该至少一电路开关为通路或断路，让该回路截断单元分别具有一通路状态与一断路状态，当该回路截断单元为断路状态时，为让对应的该至少一发光二极管光源为处于与驱动电源隔绝状态；
    一电表连接线路，该电表连接线路具有至少一正极线路与至少一负极线路，该电表连接线路的该至少一正极线路与该至少一负极线路为两两一组且选择连接任一该至少一发光二极管光源的两侧。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的车灯总成架构，其特征在于，该车灯壳体为选自车头灯、雾灯、车尾灯、车侧灯与投影式车头灯的任一种。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的车灯总成架构，其特征在于，具有该至少一发光二极管光源的该电路通道的一最前端与一最后端分别设置该电路开关。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的车灯总成架构，其特征在于，具有该至少一发光二极管光源的该电路通道的一最前端与一最后端择一设置该电路开关。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的车灯总成架构，其特征在于，还包含一电测连接盒，该电表连接线路设置于该电测连接盒内。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的车灯总成架构，其特征在于，该至少一回路截断单元的该至少一电路开关设置于该电测连接盒内，且该至少一电路开关为电控型电路开关，并该至少一电路开关的电控信号为由设置于该电测连接盒外的一外接电控制信号线提供。
  7. 根据权利要求5所述的车灯总成架构，其特征在于，该电测连接盒包含一连接器第一部分与一连接器第二部分，该连接器第二部分为一双头连接器，该双头连接器具有一第一连接部与一第二连接部，而设置有该至少一发光二极管光源的该电路通道为二次延伸至该连接器第一部分内，并于该连接器第一部分内形成二断路点，该至少一发光二极管光源为设置于该二断路点之间，又该第一连接部具有二分别导通该断路点而能够作为该回路截断单元的电连接部，该第二连接部具有二连接线路，该二连接线路分别作为该正极线路与该负极线路。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的车灯总成架构，其特征在于，该第一连接部与该第二连接部的相对位置为选自位于该双头连接器的同一侧、相邻侧或对向侧的任一种。
  9. 根据权利要求7所述的车灯总成架构，其特征在于，该双头连接器的该第一连接部与该第二连接部为由分离的两个部件组合而成。
  10. 根据权利要求1所述的车灯总成架构，其特征在于，该至少一回路截断单元的该至少一电路开关设置于该车灯壳体内，且该至少一电路开关为电控型电路开关，并该至少一电路开关的电控信号为由设置于该电测连接盒外的一 外接电控制信号线提供。
  11. 根据权利要求1所述的车灯总成架构，其特征在于，该至少一回路截断单元的该至少一电路开关为电控型电路开关，且为选自继电器或半导体的晶体管开关的任一种。
  12. 根据权利要求1所述的车灯总成架构，其特征在于，该电流源电表为以插孔切换开关、手动切换开关或电动控制切换开关的任一种方式，连接至不同组的该正极线路与该负极线路。
  13. 根据权利要求1所述的车灯总成架构，其特征在于，该至少一驱动电源回路为一个，具有二个为并联电路的该电路通道，其中一个该电路通道为设置该至少一为串联的发光二极管光源，另一个该电路通道为设置一静电保护元件。
  14. 根据权利要求13所述的车灯总成架构，其特征在于，该静电保护元件为选自齐纳二极管、电容与电阻的任一种。
  15. 根据权利要求13所述的车灯总成架构，其特征在于，该至少一发光二极管光源与该静电保护元件为封装在一封装载板内。
  16. 根据权利要求15所述的车灯总成架构，其特征在于，该封装载板的材质为选自陶瓷基板、BT板、铜基板与碳化硅基板的任一种。
PCT/CN2022/078225 2022-02-28 2022-02-28 一种可检测发光二极管元件电特性的车灯总成架构 WO2023159551A1 (zh)

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102540039A (zh) * 2011-01-03 2012-07-04 财团法人工业技术研究院 检测系统及检测方法
CN104284479A (zh) * 2013-07-10 2015-01-14 松下电器产业株式会社 发光二极管驱动装置、包括该装置的车用照明设备和车辆
CN111239639A (zh) * 2018-11-29 2020-06-05 株式会社小糸制作所 灯故障检测装置及其设定方法、光源故障检测装置及其设定方法、及灯组件
US20210213867A1 (en) * 2018-06-08 2021-07-15 Marelli Automotive Lighting Reutlingen (Germany) GmbH Motor Vehicle Headlight Having At Least Two Light Modules

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102540039A (zh) * 2011-01-03 2012-07-04 财团法人工业技术研究院 检测系统及检测方法
CN104284479A (zh) * 2013-07-10 2015-01-14 松下电器产业株式会社 发光二极管驱动装置、包括该装置的车用照明设备和车辆
US20210213867A1 (en) * 2018-06-08 2021-07-15 Marelli Automotive Lighting Reutlingen (Germany) GmbH Motor Vehicle Headlight Having At Least Two Light Modules
CN111239639A (zh) * 2018-11-29 2020-06-05 株式会社小糸制作所 灯故障检测装置及其设定方法、光源故障检测装置及其设定方法、及灯组件

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