WO2023156570A1 - Procédé de fabrication d'un composant en tube et toile revêtu destiné à être utilisé dans un système de combustion, et composant en tube et toile - Google Patents

Procédé de fabrication d'un composant en tube et toile revêtu destiné à être utilisé dans un système de combustion, et composant en tube et toile Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023156570A1
WO2023156570A1 PCT/EP2023/053981 EP2023053981W WO2023156570A1 WO 2023156570 A1 WO2023156570 A1 WO 2023156570A1 EP 2023053981 W EP2023053981 W EP 2023053981W WO 2023156570 A1 WO2023156570 A1 WO 2023156570A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
tube
web
webs
protective material
nickel
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2023/053981
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Siegfried Scholz
Nils Foster
Ralf Senff-Wollenberg
Johann-Wilhelm Ansey
Original Assignee
Standardkessel Baumgarte Gmbh
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Standardkessel Baumgarte Gmbh filed Critical Standardkessel Baumgarte Gmbh
Publication of WO2023156570A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023156570A1/fr

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25D7/00—Electroplating characterised by the article coated
    • C25D7/04—Tubes; Rings; Hollow bodies
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
    • B23K26/20—Bonding
    • B23K26/32—Bonding taking account of the properties of the material involved
    • B23K26/322—Bonding taking account of the properties of the material involved involving coated metal parts
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
    • B23K26/346—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring in combination with welding or cutting covered by groups B23K5/00 - B23K25/00, e.g. in combination with resistance welding
    • B23K26/348—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring in combination with welding or cutting covered by groups B23K5/00 - B23K25/00, e.g. in combination with resistance welding in combination with arc heating, e.g. TIG [tungsten inert gas], MIG [metal inert gas] or plasma welding
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
    • B23K9/16—Arc welding or cutting making use of shielding gas
    • B23K9/167—Arc welding or cutting making use of shielding gas and of a non-consumable electrode
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
    • B23K9/16—Arc welding or cutting making use of shielding gas
    • B23K9/173—Arc welding or cutting making use of shielding gas and of a consumable electrode
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
    • B23K9/18—Submerged-arc welding
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B15/00—Layered products comprising a layer of metal
    • B32B15/01—Layered products comprising a layer of metal all layers being exclusively metallic
    • B32B15/013—Layered products comprising a layer of metal all layers being exclusively metallic one layer being formed of an iron alloy or steel, another layer being formed of a metal other than iron or aluminium
    • B32B15/015—Layered products comprising a layer of metal all layers being exclusively metallic one layer being formed of an iron alloy or steel, another layer being formed of a metal other than iron or aluminium the said other metal being copper or nickel or an alloy thereof
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F22—STEAM GENERATION
    • F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
    • F22B37/00—Component parts or details of steam boilers
    • F22B37/02—Component parts or details of steam boilers applicable to more than one kind or type of steam boiler
    • F22B37/04—Component parts or details of steam boilers applicable to more than one kind or type of steam boiler and characterised by material, e.g. use of special steel alloy
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F22—STEAM GENERATION
    • F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
    • F22B37/00—Component parts or details of steam boilers
    • F22B37/02—Component parts or details of steam boilers applicable to more than one kind or type of steam boiler
    • F22B37/10—Water tubes; Accessories therefor
    • F22B37/104—Connection of tubes one with the other or with collectors, drums or distributors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F22—STEAM GENERATION
    • F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
    • F22B37/00—Component parts or details of steam boilers
    • F22B37/02—Component parts or details of steam boilers applicable to more than one kind or type of steam boiler
    • F22B37/10—Water tubes; Accessories therefor
    • F22B37/107—Protection of water tubes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K2101/00—Articles made by soldering, welding or cutting
    • B23K2101/04—Tubular or hollow articles
    • B23K2101/14—Heat exchangers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K2101/00—Articles made by soldering, welding or cutting
    • B23K2101/34—Coated articles, e.g. plated or painted; Surface treated articles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K2103/00—Materials to be soldered, welded or cut
    • B23K2103/08—Non-ferrous metals or alloys

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for producing a tube and web component with a protective material surface for use in an incinerator.
  • Tube-web components are used in many places in incinerators, ie components which consist of at least one tube and at least one web welded thereto, preferably running in the longitudinal direction of the tube.
  • a typical example of this are so-called tube-web-tube walls.
  • a “tube-web-tube-wall” is understood to be a wall made of parallel (metal) hollow tubes or tubes, with a metal web (also referred to as a so-called "fin” or “membrane”) between each two adjacent tubes. is welded in so that the wall is smoke gas-tight.
  • Such tube web tube walls are z. B.
  • the method for producing a tube-web component mentioned at the outset comprises at least the following steps:
  • At least one separate, elongate round tube or pipe and at least one web separate therefrom are provided or manufactured.
  • a plurality of tubes and preferably a plurality of webs can preferably be provided or produced in a first step.
  • a tube and two webs can be provided or manufactured.
  • Tubes and webs can particularly preferably be used here, which, for example, each comprise metals and/or an alloy, particularly preferably steel.
  • a second step at least the tube, or in the case of several tubes at least a part of the tubes, and at least the web—or in the case of at least two tubes, the webs e.g. B. as connecting webs - coated in a still separate state by means of at least one applied metallic protective material layer, ie a layer of protective material.
  • This can e.g. B. parallel in time or completely independently of each other.
  • the protective material can be nickel.
  • the protective material layer is not limited to a single protective material. Rather, it could also include several components that together form a protective material such. B. alloys of nickel, chromium, molybdenum and / or cobalt.
  • all tubes and connecting webs or half-webs used for the tube-web-tube wall (half-webs serve as the lateral termination of a tube-web-tube wall in order to connect it to another pipe To connect web pipe wall) in the still separate state with a protective material layer, particularly preferably nickel layer provided.
  • At least one web or, in the case of several webs, a part of the webs can optionally also consist essentially of protective material, preferably nickel.
  • Essentially made of protective material means that the relevant part of the webs consists of at least 95%, preferably at least 98%, particularly preferably at least 99%, very particularly preferably essentially 100% of protective material, in particular nickel.
  • At least the coated pipe and the coated web and/or a web consisting essentially of protective material are welded to form a pipe-web component while leaving a continuous, ie consistently intact, outer protective material surface on the finished pipe-web component.
  • continuous or consistently intact means that the tube-web component is surrounded along its surface or superficially by a continuous layer of protective material, which has as few interruptions as possible.
  • a tube-web component according to the invention comprises at least one tube which is welded to at least one web.
  • the tube and optionally the web or at least a part of the webs (if there are several webs) are coated with at least one protective material, preferably nickel, which is applied galvanically.
  • the web can also essentially consist directly of nickel, so that it does not require a protective material coating.
  • the coated pipe and the coated web and/or the web consisting essentially of nickel are formed into a pipe-web component while leaving at least one continuous outer protective material surface on the pipe-web component, and preferably also a continuous protective material surface between the Web and the tube, welded.
  • the complex process of nickel-plating a sometimes very complex, manufactured welded tube-web component made of at least one tube and one web, in particular a tube-web-tube wall can be made of several welded pipes and webs, with all the problems mentioned at the beginning, such as e.g. B. an uneven layer thickness, hardness, thermal conductivity, etc. due to narrow internal angles and a complex geometric contour, largely eliminated or avoided.
  • a rework that is usually necessary on a pipe-web component, e.g. B. at the edges etc. can be almost eliminated after coating.
  • the method is thus simpler than the currently known methods, since z. B.
  • the construction according to the invention also means that logistical effort can be reduced, since the tube-web component, in particular the tube-web-tube wall, can be manufactured on an industrial scale with the aid of a membrane wall welding machine without length limitations due to the bath.
  • the tube-web component can comprise a tube-web-tube wall that has already been mentioned several times.
  • At least two tubes with at least one web as a connecting web between them and particularly preferably two lateral half webs can be welded to form a finished tube-web-tube wall. i.e. it is usually attached to the two outer tubes of the tube-web-tube-wall in each case as a conclusion - and for simple welding, e.g. B. on site in an incinerator, namely, for example, with another such tube-web-tube-wall - a half-web welded, ie actually closes the tube-web-tube wall at the lateral edges from each with a web.
  • any number of tubes and webs can be welded together, depending on how wide the wall should ultimately be.
  • coated pipes and coated webs can be used as connecting webs and/or the webs consisting essentially of protective material as connecting webs between them to form a pipe-web-pipe wall, leaving a continuous, i.e. consistently intact, outer protective material surface on the finished pipe-web - Pipe-wall to be welded.
  • the tubes and webs are protected by means of at least one galvanically applied layer of protective material, such as e.g. B. a nickel layer of pure nickel, especially pure nickel with 99.99% nickel content, coated or nickel-plated.
  • a nickel layer of pure nickel especially pure nickel with 99.99% nickel content
  • the protective material layer z. B. include 3 mm to save material even possibly only 2 mm.
  • the protective material layer can preferably be at most 1.3 mm, particularly preferably at most 1.1 mm.
  • the protective material layer can preferably have at least 0.5 mm, particularly preferably at least 0.9 mm.
  • a protective material layer between 0.9 mm and 1.1 mm is very particularly preferred.
  • the production method according to the invention advantageously does not require such a large galvanic bath, if the tubes and webs are galvanically nickel-plated, as is the case, for. B. for galvanic nickel plating of a 6 x 2 m large, ready-welded fin wall or tube-web-tube-wall made of one piece.
  • the tubes and webs there are also other preferred options for the welding process.
  • weld the tubes and webs conventionally, for example by means of metal active gas welding (MAG welding) or tungsten inert gas welding (TIG welding) or "Tungsten inert gas welding” (TIG) to weld together under protective gas.
  • MAG welding metal active gas welding
  • TIG welding tungsten inert gas welding
  • Tungsten inert gas welding Tungsten inert gas welding
  • the tubes and webs conventionally by means of submerged arc welding (submerged arc welding) or engl.
  • Submerged Arc Welding (SAW) under a layer of coarse-grained mineral welding powder.
  • the welding of the tubes and webs can preferably be carried out by means of a laser hybrid process.
  • a laser beam first heats the surface of the component and creates a deep, narrow penetration. The arc then forms a wide weld pool for excellent gap bridging ability. At the same time, if necessary, a large penetration depth can be generated, as will be explained later using an exemplary embodiment.
  • laser hybrid welding uses less energy. As a result, the tube-web component, in particular the tube-web-tube wall, is exposed to less stress or stress, which means that a risk of corrosion of the welded components can be reduced in use, since the protective material layer protecting against corrosion is more likely to remains completely intact during welding.
  • the welding can be done in such a way that only within a z. B. the uppermost, preferably the applied, protective material layer is welded and thus everywhere on the tube-web component, in particular the tube-web-tube wall, a continuous protective material surface remains.
  • a continuous protective material surface remains.
  • a continuous layer of protective material remain. This means that the uncoated metal is also not exposed to the surface at the points where it would be or will be covered again later after the end of the welding process with a further pipe or connecting piece welded thereto. This means that a layer of protective material also remains between the pipes and connections at the welding point.
  • a penetration with a depth of preferably less than 2 mm, particularly preferably less than 1.5 mm, more preferably less than 1 mm, can be produced during the welding.
  • the penetration into the applied protective material layer can extend less deeply than a layer thickness of the applied protective material layer.
  • the burn-in can extend at most up to approximately two-thirds, more preferably even at most only up to half into the protective material layer applied. This ensures that the protective material layer applied is not damaged as far as possible, i. H. a continuous protective material layer or protective material surface remains on the tube-web component.
  • At least one of the webs consisting essentially of protective material, preferably nickel, can be provided or produced from preferably at least 95%, particularly preferably at least 98%, more preferably at least 99% and very particularly preferably essentially 100% of protective material .
  • the tube-web component can preferably comprise a multi-part tube-web-tube wall in which (a plurality of or) several tubes and webs as connecting webs between the tubes and optionally two lateral or external half-webs as a termination of the two outermost ones or pipes at the end (at least at this point in time there are no further connecting webs for further pipes, since the pipe-web-pipe-wall is assembled or manufactured in the relevant, practical size so that it can still be logistically justifiable in road traffic Effort can be delivered to the place of use) are welded to form a finished tube-web-tube-wall. This means that a web is welded between two tubes.
  • the tubes and optionally at least a part, preferably all, of the connecting webs are protected by means of at least one protective material applied galvanically.
  • rials preferably nickel, coated.
  • part of the connecting webs can also essentially consist directly of nickel, so that this part, as already mentioned above, does not require a protective material coating.
  • the pipes (calculated without the applied protective material) can preferably have a thickness or wall thickness of at least 3 mm.
  • the tubes can particularly preferably have a thickness of at least 3.25 mm.
  • the tubes can preferably have a thickness of at most 6.3 mm, particularly preferably at most 4 mm.
  • the webs could essentially be made of steel, i. H. the main mass fraction is iron with a carbon content of less than or equal to 2%.
  • At least one of the webs can be made of at least 95% protective material, such as. B. Reinstnickel or nickel exist. Particularly preferably, at least one of the webs can be at least 98%, more preferably at least 99%. Very particularly preferably, at least one of the webs can be completely, d. H. essentially 100% protective material. In particular, all webs can consist of a corresponding proportion of protective material.
  • the tube-web component can include a superheater with fins.
  • the superheater can particularly preferably be a so-called bulkhead superheater, as is the case, for example, in a flue gas space, ie e.g. B. a boiler train, a boiler system (with natural circulation boiler or forced circulation boiler) is used.
  • the superheater can usually be arranged horizontally in a vertical water-tube boiler and vertically in a horizontal water-tube boiler, also known as a "tailend" boiler.
  • Horizontal or vertical means that the predominant part or section of the tubes runs or is arranged horizontally or vertically in the flue gas space, in particular a part or section of the tubes in the relevant boiler pass where the heat transfer takes place.
  • An exemplary embodiment of a "horizontally" arranged superheater will be described later using a drawing.
  • a plurality of webs to be welded as fins to at least one tube of the superheater.
  • the fins for example in the form of metal sheets
  • a geometry or a cross section of the relevant tube or tubes is modified, which changes the flow or flow properties around the tube or the pipes changed.
  • a pipe arrangement with 180° deflections is an arrangement of a pipe system (ie one or possibly also several pipes) in which the pipe or pipes are repeatedly deflected by 180° in the opposite direction after a pipe section that runs in one direction .
  • the tube or tubes are connected by the 180° deflections to form a continuous tube (i.e. in a “row”).
  • This pipe arrangement enables, for example, hot water and/or steam to be passed through a flue gas space of a boiler system multiple times in the same pipe, in which the steam is continuously superheated by repeatedly passing through the flue gas space.
  • the extension plane is essentially a two-dimensional plane, ie a plane in which one spatial direction is significantly less pronounced in relation to the two other orthogonal spatial directions, so that a “flat” plane is present.
  • the tube arrangement consequently extends in two orthogonal spatial directions (in length and width) over a relatively large area and in a third spatial direction (in depth) perpendicular or normal to the other two spatial directions only via the thickness or thickness of the pipe.
  • the tube arrangement can have pairs of opposite, partially straight tube sections in the extension plane, at the respective end of which the tube is bent from a straight or rectilinear tube section in the form of a 180° deflection to the next straight tube section.
  • it is a meandering tube arrangement with short 180° bends and relatively long, straight tube sections in between, i. H.
  • the pipe arrangement consists for the most part of straight pipe sections running parallel to one another, which have relatively short 180° turns, such as e.g. B. 180 ° elbows are connected.
  • a pipe arrangement with several parallel pipes can also be used as an alternative to a pipe with a pipe arrangement with 180° deflections.
  • One half of the fins can be welded to one of the straight pipe sections parallel to the extension plane, preferably next to one another, particularly preferably leaving a minimum distance between the fins. i.e. the fins are arranged with their flat side parallel to the plane of extension and point in the direction of the next, adjacent straight tube section.
  • the other half of the fins are correspondingly welded oppositely to the next (said adjacent) pipe section so that they are preferably aligned with the aforementioned fins.
  • the fins can be welded to the front and rear tube crests at the level of the latter in such a way that, viewed in cross section, they are aligned (see the description of an embodiment example below).
  • the fins together preferably form two almost closed fin surfaces running parallel to one another and to the extension plane between two straight pipe sections, namely one the pipe arrangement in depth at a front (windward) pipe apex forward and one the pipe arrangement in depth at one
  • the rear (leeward) tube crest is limited to the rear by a fin surface that is almost closed by the tube sections and the fin surfaces, in which the adhesion or accumulation of dirt and bridging due to soot deposits in the form of so-called "cornices" on the tube sections can be reduced.
  • the fins can also be welded to the tube sections asymmetrically, i.
  • the fins on one or more pipe sections can only be on the windward side (i.e. on the side of the pipes facing the smoke gas flow), on the leeward side (i.e. on the opposite side of the pipes facing away from the smoke gas flow), below, above or diagonally , i.e. H. with a pipe section z. B.
  • the surface area for heat transfer is increased by the surface of the additionally welded fins.
  • the flue gas flow and thus also the deposit of slag or ash particles on the pipes can be changed.
  • the formation of Karman vortices (which in turn can be responsible for dirt adhesion or ripple formation) on the superheater is prevented by the changed geometry or by the cross-section of the pipe arrangement of the superheater.
  • the efficiency of the superheater can be increased by 20% compared to a conventional superheater without such fins or intermediate fins.
  • FIG. 2 shows a simplified sectional representation of a cross section of the individual, different components of an exemplary embodiment of the tube-web-tube wall according to the invention, in the already nickel-plated state,
  • FIG. 3 shows a schematic sectional representation of a cross section of the individual components of an exemplary embodiment of the pipe-web-pipe-wall according to the invention during welding together
  • FIG. 4 shows a simplified sectional representation of a cross section through an exemplary embodiment of the tube-web-tube-wall according to the invention in the finished state
  • FIG. 5 shows a simplified sectional representation of a cross section analogous to FIG. 4 through a further exemplary embodiment of the tube-fin-tube-wall according to the invention in the finished state
  • FIG. 6 shows a perspective view of a first variant of a further exemplary embodiment of a tube-web component in the form of a superheater, in which fins connecting the straight tube sections are welded on between part of the straight tube sections,
  • FIG. 7 shows an enlarged perspective view of a second variant of the exemplary embodiment from FIG. 6, this time with fins which consist of several individual fin parts spaced apart from one another,
  • FIG. 8 shows a slightly perspective cross-section along the section line from FIG. 7 through a detail of a further superheater, on which deposits or dirt have accumulated on a fin outside of the fins over a test period.
  • FIG. 1 shows a sequence of the production method according to the invention.
  • a tube-web-tube wall 1, 1* comprises six to eight tubes 2', corresponding to five to seven connecting webs 3' and usually two half-webs as the external end, which are then each connected to another half-web of a further tube-web Pipe-wall in the connected or welded state, e.g. B. form a whole connecting web, so that the weld seam of two tube-web-tube-walls is as preferred centrally between the respective outer tubes.
  • Said components are in a second step II, H ' z. B. nickel-plated again in parallel or completely independently, ie coated with a continuous nickel layer 4 or nickel coating 4 .
  • the finished nickel-plated state of such a nickel-plated (or nickel-coated) tube 2 and a nickel-plated connecting web 3 is shown in FIG.
  • the illustrated section of a tube-web-tube-wall 1 shows here an example of two nickel-plated tubes 2 or hollow tubes with a connecting web 3 in between and the two cut-off ends of two further connecting webs or possibly half-webs.
  • the nickel-plated tubes 2 and connecting bars 3 are shown here in FIG. 2 in a roughly schematic cross-section (the cross section runs, as in all other figures, perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the nickel-plated tubes 2 and connecting bars 3).
  • the nickel-plated tubes 2 shown are hollow tubes which are hollow on the inside and have an average thickness 2d or wall thickness 2d of approximately 3.5 mm. On the surface they have a nickel coating 4, which is about 1 mm thick here.
  • the nickel-plated connecting web 3 is a strip-shaped wide flat steel section which is also coated with such a nickel layer 4 or nickel coating 4 . This is also about 1 mm thick.
  • a pure nickel web 3* could also be used as the connecting web 3*, which no longer requires any further coating, which means that the second method step can also be omitted, at least for a nickel web 3* or a connecting web 3* consisting essentially of nickel.
  • the tubes 2 and connecting webs 3 are finally welded or welded together to form a tube-web-tube wall 1, 1*--possibly using connecting webs 3* consisting essentially of nickel.
  • the process of welding together is shown roughly schematically in FIG. A particularly preferred laser hybrid method for welding the coated tubes 2 and connecting webs 3 is used here.
  • FIG. 5 also shows only an exemplary section of a tube-web-tube wall 1* with a nickel web 3* instead of a nickel-plated connecting web 3.
  • a laser beam first heats a surface or welding point 5, 5' of the tubes 2 and connecting webs 3, at which the two components held flush in position on one another are to be welded or connected to one another (see Figure 3).
  • the laser beam generates a deep but very narrow penetration 5 with a depth 6, which extends through the entire web thickness 3d of the connecting web 3 in the area of the Nickel coating 4 passes.
  • the arc that is generated during this welding process forms a wide molten pool 7 (see dashed area) with a width 8, which excellently bridges the "gap" between tube 2 and connecting web 3 and seamlessly connects the components to one another.
  • the width 8 is nevertheless chosen to be thin enough so that the molten bath 7 is in any case limited only to the nickel layers 4 on the respective tube 2 and the connecting web 3 .
  • the molten pool 7 is also somewhat wider on the entry side of the weld point 5 and becomes somewhat narrower again toward the end. As mentioned, however, it extends through the entire web thickness 3d, with which the tubes 2 and connecting webs 3 can be continuously welded very quickly and easily with little energy input and thus significantly less stress or material stress.
  • the welding takes place only inside, ie in the previously applied nickel layer 4, as can be seen in FIG. 4, so that the workpiece 1 has a continuous outer nickel surface O.
  • the lower welding point 5' in Figure 4 shows the preferred variant of the third step III for welding the tubes 2 and connecting webs 3, in which a "half" penetration 5' is generated from two sides of the connecting web 3 with an arc, see above that a melt pool 7′ (see dashed areas) is formed which extends from the two entry sides to about half or an even smaller part of the web thickness 3d of the connecting web 3.
  • the welding device shown schematically in Figure 3 would be held once (as shown in Figure 3) in the interface between the connecting web 3 and pipe 2 from the top for introducing the two weld points 5' and then a second time from the bottom (in Figure 3 not shown) in turn in the same interface for introducing the second weld 5 '.
  • the welding takes place within or in the nickel layer 4, although a depth 6' of the molten bath 7' is significantly shallower and a width 8' is significantly wider.
  • the molten baths 7' are introduced in such a way that the entire web thickness 3d in the area of the weld point 5' is generally melted and the semi-finished metal products 2, 3 are thus welded again over the entire contact length.
  • a section of another embodiment of a tube-web component namely a superheater 1a with a tube arrangement 2 in the form of a tube 2, which extends in a plane E in several straight, parallel paths or tube sections 2g is guided in a meandering manner with 180° deflections or pipe bends between the individual straight pipe sections 2g.
  • webs 3 are welded on as fins 3 or intermediate fins, for example between a part of these parallel, straight tube sections 2g.
  • the fins 3 are each welded to the straight tube sections 2g of the continuous tube 2 in such a way that they each have a front fin surface and a rear fin surface in alignment with the front (in Figure 6 facing the viewer) and rear (in Figure 6 facing away) tube crests form with the tube crests of the straight tube sections 2g.
  • alignment means that neither the tube apex protrudes relative to the fins 3 nor vice versa, but both are welded flush to one another and thus form a largely “straight” surface.
  • the fins 3 are elongated, one-piece webs 3 which extend continuously over the entire length of the straight pipe sections 2g from one pipe section 2g to the adjacent pipe section 2g.
  • two adjacent tube sections 2g are always connected in pairs via a total of two fins 3 between them, with a gap being left between the individual pairs here, purely by way of example, in which no fins 3 are welded between them.
  • fins can also be arranged between all tube sections 2g, so that z. B. the entire superheater 1a is covered with fins between all pipe sections.
  • the components can particularly preferably be welded by means of a laser-hybrid method.
  • the cross-sectional shape of the pipe sections 2g reduces the formation of Karman vortices, as a result of which less pollution in the form of so-called bulges is deposited or accumulates on the pipe sections themselves.
  • the efficiency of superheaters can be increased by around 20% because, among other things, the surface area for absorbing the heat is increased by the additional fins.
  • tube-web-tube walls described above are merely exemplary embodiments of a possible tube-web component, which can be designed or modified in a wide variety of ways for different applications by a person skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the invention.
  • the tubes and connecting webs shown in the respective exemplary embodiments, in particular their number and shape, are only to be understood as examples.
  • the superheaters can also be suitably designed and oriented depending on the needs in the current boiler.
  • the connecting webs can, for example, be made entirely of pure nickel or, if another protective material is used, also be made of this protective material and no longer require a coating.
  • other tube-web components with tubes and webs, such. B. doors etc. are coated and welded with the method according to the invention.
  • the use of the indefinite article "a” or “an” does not rule out the possibility that the characteristics in question can also be present more than once.

Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé de fabrication d'un composant en tube et toile (1, 1*, 1a) destiné à être utilisé dans un système de combustion, comprenant au moins les étapes suivantes : fourniture ou fabrication d'au moins un tube (2'), de préférence une pluralité de tubes (2'), et d'au moins une toile (3', 3*), de préférence une pluralité de bandes (3', 3*), de préférence au moins la toile (3*) ou, en option dans le cas de plusieurs toiles, au moins certaines des toiles (3 *), étant sensiblement constituées d'un matériau de protection métallique (4), de préférence du nickel ; revêtement du tube (2') et, le cas échéant, de la toile ou au moins certaines des toiles (3'), au moyen d'au moins un matériau de protection métallique électroplaqué (4) ; soudage du tube revêtu (2) et la toile revêtue (3) et/ou de la toile (3 *) constituée sensiblement d'un matériau de protection (4), de préférence du nickel, afin de former un composant en tube et toile (1, 1*), en laissant une surface de matériau de protection externe continue (O) sur le composant en tube et toile (1, 1*, 1a). L'invention concerne également un composant en tube et toile (1, 1*) correspondant, en particulier une paroi à structure tube-toile-tube (1, 1*) et un surchauffeur (1a).
PCT/EP2023/053981 2022-02-18 2023-02-16 Procédé de fabrication d'un composant en tube et toile revêtu destiné à être utilisé dans un système de combustion, et composant en tube et toile WO2023156570A1 (fr)

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Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20040076850A1 (en) * 2001-02-26 2004-04-22 Ansey Johann Wilhelm Structural components for the boiler zone of power plants or refuse incineration plants
CN112376046A (zh) * 2020-11-13 2021-02-19 深圳市能源环保有限公司 水冷壁高频熔覆涂层用自熔合金组合材料及其涂层的制备
DE102021120556A1 (de) * 2020-08-10 2022-02-10 Standardkessel Baumgarte Gmbh Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur galvanischen Vernickelung einer Flossenwand

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20040076850A1 (en) * 2001-02-26 2004-04-22 Ansey Johann Wilhelm Structural components for the boiler zone of power plants or refuse incineration plants
DE102021120556A1 (de) * 2020-08-10 2022-02-10 Standardkessel Baumgarte Gmbh Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur galvanischen Vernickelung einer Flossenwand
CN112376046A (zh) * 2020-11-13 2021-02-19 深圳市能源环保有限公司 水冷壁高频熔覆涂层用自熔合金组合材料及其涂层的制备

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
DILTHEY U ET AL: "LASERSTRAHL-MSG-HYBRIDSCHWEISSEN - NEUE FERTIGUNGSMOEGLICHKEITEN FUER DEN ROHRBAU", THESE DE DOCTORAT PRESENTÉE AU DÉPARTEMENT DE CHIMIE DE L'UNIVERSITÉ DE LAUSANNE POUR L'OBTENTION DU GRADE DE DOCTEUR ÈS SCIENCES, DVS VERLAG, DUSSELDORF, DE, vol. 57, no. 7, 1 January 2005 (2005-01-01), pages 323 - 329, XP001238911, ISSN: 0036-7184 *

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