WO2023148635A1 - Agencement et procédé pour la construction d'une aciérie et aciérie associée - Google Patents

Agencement et procédé pour la construction d'une aciérie et aciérie associée Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023148635A1
WO2023148635A1 PCT/IB2023/050887 IB2023050887W WO2023148635A1 WO 2023148635 A1 WO2023148635 A1 WO 2023148635A1 IB 2023050887 W IB2023050887 W IB 2023050887W WO 2023148635 A1 WO2023148635 A1 WO 2023148635A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
slabs
zone
columns
construction
steel plant
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PCT/IB2023/050887
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English (en)
Inventor
Giovanni CAIMANO
Francesco CASARSA
Francesco DE SIMONI
Andrea ELLERO
Agostino PANIZZI
Original Assignee
Danieli & C. Officine Meccaniche S.P.A.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Application filed by Danieli & C. Officine Meccaniche S.P.A. filed Critical Danieli & C. Officine Meccaniche S.P.A.
Publication of WO2023148635A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023148635A1/fr

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D47/00—Casting plants
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
    • B22D11/14—Plants for continuous casting

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an arrangement or a construction site and a process for the construction of a steel plant for the production of long or flat products, in particular the arrangement and the process include the construction of a raised floor or plancher for placing a casting and rolling line of the steel plant.
  • the invention further relates to a steel plant obtainable with the arrangement and the process object of the invention.
  • the floor along the production line is generally raised, that is, it is located at a certain height with respect to the ground on which the building hosting said steel plant stands, called technological height.
  • the main reason for making the raised floor, or plancher, or walking surface is to avoid performing foundation excavations in a land where there may be aquifers in zones too close to the surface; another, no less important, reason is not to incur high costs for the foundation excavations.
  • a raised flooring system allows creating a technical compartment in the space below in which to slide the distribution backbones (electric, water, fluids, etc.) and automation backbones (building automation systems, security and fire-fighting systems). Furthermore, the technical compartment can be used to install the auxiliary systems necessary for the operation of the machines (pneumatic, hydraulic, lubrication, electrical, cooling). It is thereby possible to optimize the spaces and rationalize the overall layout of the system, not being bound by the positioning of the technical systems.
  • the construction of such planchers and steel plants according to the traditional method requires a lot of time and materials, as at least three levels of props and formwork are necessary for the on-site construction of the ceilings constituting the raised planch er.
  • the traditional method envisages that the operations must be carried out in a sequence in series, creating in the respective order: poles, plinths, foundations, columns, beams, ceilings.
  • the operations in series add up the time required for curing the cast products before proceeding with further construction steps, these times can also be a few weeks, therefore the construction sites take a very long time to be fully realized, which correspond to high costs.
  • the construction site is normally subject to the weather conditions, as normally in the initial steps it is not yet covered.
  • the object of the invention is to overcome the aforesaid drawbacks and to propose an arrangement, i.e., a construction site, and a process for the construction of a rolling steel plant for long or flat products which allows significantly reducing the construction times. Further objects or advantages of the invention will become apparent from the following disclosure.
  • the raised floor i.e., the plancher, on which the various machines constituting the steel plant rest, must have structural features such as to withstand the static loads of the machines and the dynamic stresses which are created during the operation thereof.
  • the inventors deviating from traditional steel plant constructions, have highlighted and exploited the fact that in a casting and rolling plant there are several areas in which the plancher is less stressed, such as the semifinished product transfer roller tracks, the rolled product cooling zones comprising what are called water caissons, the rolling roller restoration workshop adjacent to the rolling mill, etc.
  • the overall plancher of the plant can be divided into two macro-areas depending on the load it must support, an area for greater or “heavy” loads, i.e., > 1.5 tons/m 2 , and an area for smaller or “light” loads, i.e., ⁇ 1.5 tons/m 2 .
  • the plancher can thus be adapted to the weight requirements, providing simpler building structures for smaller loads, in particular slabs which according to the invention are prefabricated separately in situ.
  • the demarcation line that qualifies an area for the plancher according to the invention is positioned below 1.5 tons/m 2 .
  • the object is achieved by an arrangement for the construction of a steel plant for the production of long products, in particular bars, wire rods, rails and the like or of flat products, in particular strips, sheets and the like comprising:
  • (b-1) a reinforcement construction zone for said columns and said slabs comprising bending machines and shearing machines and materials for making reinforcements;
  • (b-2) a zone for casting said columns and said slabs comprising a plurality of formworks for making said columns and said slabs;
  • (b-3) a zone for storing and curing said columns and said slabs originating from said casting zone; wherein the areas for loads ⁇ 1.5 tons/m 2 within the construction zone of the building can be/are equipped with at least one foundation plate and/or plinths suitable for accommodating said columns made in the zones listed under point (b);
  • (d) at least one device for transporting the columns and slabs from the zone of point (b-3) into the construction zone of the building.
  • a plinth is a shoe cast at the foot of the pillar or column (point base), while a plate is a surface base having two greater dimensions and one lesser one (thickness).
  • the arrangement of an area for the prefabrication of columns and slabs advantageously allows the preparation step of said elements of the plancher or floor, on which to place the lighter machinery of the steel plant, to be simultaneous with the construction step of the steel plant building according to a side-by-side construction logic and not step-by-step. This was made possible by virtue of the fact that the inventors divided the areas of the plant into plant areas which support lighter or heavier loads, where the lower load areas lend themselves to less demanding constructions of the planchers.
  • the area envisaged for prefabrication can have different configurations.
  • the two described below are the preferred ones, as they reduce the paths between the different construction zones and allow perfecting the spaces and transfer times of the elements necessary for the construction of the steel plant.
  • the first configuration envisages that the reinforcement construction zone, together with the casting zone, is substantially parallel to the storage and curing zone which, in turn, is arranged substantially parallel to said building construction zone.
  • the second configuration envisages that the reinforcement construction zone, the casting zone and the storage and curing zone are aligned along a line which is arranged substantially parallel to said building construction zone.
  • a plurality of slabs are preferably stacked on top of one another, for example in a number equal to four.
  • Each configuration lends itself to particular movement or transport elements for moving columns, reinforcements and slabs between one zone and another.
  • a mobile crane is particularly preferred for the first configuration, for example a truck crane, with a 360° radius of action placed at a meeting point between the three zones so as to be able to reach them all, while for the second configuration a rail-mounted gantry crane is very suitable as movement device which can move along the entire line formed by the succession of the individual zones.
  • lifting hooks lifting beam
  • a self-propelled transporter of the SPMT type (self-propelled modular transporter) is particularly suitable, preferably provided with a liftable and lowerable platform
  • the self-propelled vehicle has the possibility to steer the wheels 360 degrees. This allows carousel and lateral movements.
  • the height of the platform can be adjusted hydraulically, allowing the vertical lifting or lowering of the load.
  • the loading platform of the self-propelled transporter is equipped with a lattice frame, in particular in steel beams, on top of which the slabs are supported, during transport, so as to raise the height thereof with respect to the ground so as to be at a height that exceeds by at least 20 cm the height of the heads of the prefabricated columns previously placed in the plinths and/or on the at least one foundation plate.
  • plinths or foundation plates can be provided, which in turn are provided with plinths or holes to contain the columns.
  • At least two slabs are placed next to each other on the lattice of the self-propelled vehicle, and when the self-propelled vehicle has positioned itself between two rows of columns, the mobile platform of the self-propelled vehicle is lowered so as to place the edges of the slabs on the heads of the columns simultaneously.
  • the slabs advantageously contain a series of post-tensioning elements, such as steel cables or strands inserted in respective sleeves which are preferably corrugated, suitable to be pulled to compress the concrete slab.
  • Sleeves which contain a single strand or a plurality of strands are imaginable.
  • the posttensioning is performed, for example by means of hydraulic jacks, which tension the post- tensioning elements by applying, upon the release thereof, a compression action on the entire structure.
  • the columns are advantageously provided with plates for the lifting jack which are fixed, for example, by a relative horizontal element inserted in the column.
  • the post-tensioning technique therefore makes it possible to considerably reduce the thickness of the slabs while still providing a suitable load capacity (also conferred by the tensioned elements themselves) to support the lighter machinery of the steel plant.
  • Post-tensioning also allows reducing the amount of reinforcements required.
  • Post-tensioning is a technique known to the person skilled in the art who can adapt it to their needs according to their general knowledge.
  • the technology is described, for example, in: " The use of post-tensioned concrete slabs in hybrid concrete construction", concrete, June 2014, p. 24-25; D. S. Kumara, “Post Tensioned Concrete Floors 11 , https://cupdf.com/document/post- tensioned-concrete-floors-2019-2- 13 -post-tensioned-concrete-floors-dhammika.html, downloaded on 17.12.2021 or in WO 2019/056717 Al.
  • the slabs are anchored in the columns by means of embedded anchor bolts and/or shear keys. Clamps can also be used during positioning to facilitate a balanced positioning.
  • the construction site area at the time of the construction of the plinths and/or foundation plates may not yet be covered and therefore subject to the weather conditions, while the prefabrication area can advantageously be covered with simple covering structures which are easy to assemble and disassemble, such as awnings, preferably sliding, to allow to adapt their position to the needs of the construction site.
  • a second aspect of the invention relates to a process for the construction of a steel plant for the production of long products, in particular bars, wire rods, rails and the like or of flat products, in particular strips, sheets and the like comprising the following steps:
  • step (iii) may occur before, simultaneously with or after step (ii), ideally occurring simultaneously.
  • step (viii) can also occur in parallel with step (vi) or (vii), as in parts of the plant in situ casting of open spaces still follows, while at the same time in other zones where the plancher is already ready, the relative machinery begins to be positioned.
  • the prefabrication of the columns is performed before the slabs and is carried out in the same area and substantially with the same criteria as the slabs (with a metal reinforcement, casting, setting, curing, transport, etc ).
  • the columns have a square section of about 65 x 65 cm and a height of about 4.5 meters, are cast horizontally and moved with the same systems as the slabs.
  • the columns are not post-tensioned
  • the columns can be transported to the installation site with simpler means than a self-propelled modular transporter (SPMT). It is not to be excluded that the columns are made when the production of the slabs has already begun.
  • SPMT self-propelled modular transporter
  • a third aspect of the invention finally relates to a co-rolling steel plant for long products, in particular bars, wire rods, rails and the like and/or for flat products, in particular strips, sheets and the like comprising:
  • Such a plant is the result of the construction principle object of the arrangement and process according to the invention, but could of course also derive from other successions of processing steps and configurations of the construction site.
  • the slabs have a size less than or equal to 6.5 x 6.5 m and/or a weight not greater than 50 tons, this also allowing easy movement and handling during the various processing steps.
  • the parts of the plant and the relative planchers or floors where the solution can be applied and the choice of pitch, i.e., the distance between the columns, and the position of the columns, the position of the expansion joints are identified.
  • the invention includes the in situ construction of prefabricated concrete slabs, in particular of the maximum size of 6.5 x 6.5 m, which, after being positioned on columns also prefabricated in situ, are advantageously then subjected to post-tensioning by tensioning elements, such as metal cables (strands) inserted in the slabs themselves.
  • the dimensions chosen for the concrete slabs are advantageously balanced between the optimized number of slabs and movement requirements (maximum weight 50 tons, etc.).
  • the detailed drawing of these areas can start in advance, without waiting for the official base drawing to be issued.
  • the holes for piping and electricity can be made directly on the construction site.
  • the position and size of the holes is in particular coordinated with the arrangement of the post-tensioning elements.
  • the process according to the invention envisages that the slabs and columns are prefabricated, while the junction element (in the spaces between adjacent slabs) is cast in place.
  • Fig. la depicts in a top view a steel plant for the production of long products according to the state of the art.
  • Figs. Ib-d depict the steel plant for the production of long products according to fig. la in which the zones of different load demands are identified and in which a prefabrication area is provided according to a first embodiment (fig. lb) of the invention; a prefabrication area according to a second embodiment (fig. 1c) of the invention; and in which the flows of the prefabricated elements according to one of the two embodiments of figs, lb and 1c (fig. Id) are highlighted.
  • Fig. 2a depicts in detail the casting and curing area of the slabs of the embodiment according to figure lb.
  • Fig. 2b depicts in detail the casting and curing area of the slabs of the embodiment according to figure 1c.
  • FIG. 3 shows an embodiment example for a sequence of working steps of the process according to the invention in accordance with figure 2b.
  • Figs. 4a-c show in two perspective views (fig. 4a; fig. 4b) the construction of the plancher on a series of already installed columns of a steel plant for co-rolling; and an assembly of a foundation plate with columns supporting a plurality of slabs.
  • Figs. 5a/b are two plan views, the first (fig. 5a) of a foundation plate with plinths to accommodate columns; and the second (fig. 5b) of the laying of the columns in the relative plinths included in fig. 5 a.
  • Fig. 6 shows in section an embodiment example of the anchoring of a column in the foundation plate.
  • Fig. 7 shows in section the three levels (foundation plate, columns, slabs) of a plancher raised according to the invention.
  • Fig. 8 shows in a top view four slabs placed on the columns of figure 5b highlighting the presence of elements for post-tensioning inside the slabs.
  • Figs. 9a/b show in section a part of a slab along a post-tensioning element highlighting two different states of tensioning thereof (fig. 9a, relaxed; fig. 9b, taut).
  • Figs. 1 Oa-c show in section three columns of different position inside the structure according to figures 7 and 8 (fig. 10a: central; fig. 10b: corner; fig. 10c: side edge)
  • Fig. 11 shows details of the top of the column according to fig. 10a with details for the support of a jack or of a slab.
  • Figs. 12a-c show in section (figures 12a and 12b) the system for introducing mortar into the metal sleeves of post-tensioning elements; and in a transparent perspective view a pull point of a strand in a sleeve.
  • Figs. 13a-c show a comparison between two plancher structures raised according to the state of the art (figs. 13a and b) and the structure according to the invention (fig. 13c).
  • Figure la shows the layout of a rolling plant for long products according to the state of the art.
  • the dotted area highlights the areas subject to "light" loads L, i.e., loads not exceeding 1.5 tons/m 2
  • the hatched area highlights the areas H subject to "heavy” loads, i.e., loads exceeding 1.5 tons/m 2 and which can reach up to 3 tons/m 2 , or subject to very high concentrated loads due to the machines themselves.
  • the structure which supports such loads, or the plancher can be adapted to weight needs by providing simpler building structures for smaller loads.
  • the total black area shows that at least 50% of the total plancher is affected by the aforesaid light loads and therefore it is possible to construct it with prefabricated slabs.
  • the invention proposes a construction site for the prefabrication of the necessary slabs and columns directly in situ, in particular in a zone placed laterally to the construction zone of the building for the steel plant (figures lb and 1c).
  • the prefabrication area PF is covered and set up in an adjacent and central position with respect to what will be the final layout of the plant.
  • Said area PF is divided into an area PC for the construction of the structures (slabs and columns) and a curing area C thereof.
  • the construction method of the structures for the plancher involves the following steps in the precast PC area:
  • the structures are taken by crane and placed in the curing area C (about 28 days).
  • the slabs are stacked in the curing area up to four slabs on top of each other. Further storage areas ST can then be included for finished and hardened structures.
  • the curing area of the structures is arranged next to that of prefabrication (Fig. lb), arranging the areas PC and C side by side in parallel, while in accordance with a second embodiment the two areas PC and C are aligned and placed in succession (Fig. 1c).
  • the arrows in figure Id illustrate the transport flows of the structures originating from the prefabrication zone PF in the respective areas L subject to a lower load.
  • prefabrication and curing area allows the construction operations of the prefabricated structures to be performed temporally in parallel with the construction of the foundation posts and the support plinths of the building, with evident time savings.
  • the prefabrication areas PF are described in detail below:
  • Figure 2a shows a detail of the first embodiment and represents the construction of the slabs in which the formworks are arranged on two rows Ri and R2 leaving a central passage 2 to allow the transit of one or more concrete mixers 4 which perform the concrete casting in the formworks.
  • the positions 6 for pre-assembling the reinforcements of the blocks or slabs, the positions 8 of the casting of the slabs in the formworks and the positions 10 for curing the slabs are distinguished.
  • the necessary machinery, such as bending machines, straightening machines, shearing machines, to construct the reinforcements are positioned in zone M. Vehicles V are included for unloading straight bars and steel rod coils.
  • the positions 6 and 8 are located below two sliding tent buildings 12a and 12b.
  • a mobile crane 14 with a 360° radius of action allows the movement of the slabs from the zone PC to the zone C and the movement of the reinforcements in the formworks.
  • An SPMT 16 i.e., a platform vehicle with a wide series of independently operable wheels for transporting bulky loads for on-site construction, is waiting for the ready slabs to carry them into the building under construction in the lower load areas.
  • Figure 2b instead shows a detail of the second embodiment, always related to the construction of the slabs, in which the formworks are arranged on a single row R and the transit of the concrete mixers 4 which perform the concrete casting occurs on one of the two sides of the row R.
  • the machinery necessary, as specified above, to construct the reinforcements is located in the zone m, where the unloading (not depicted) of steel bars and steel rod coils also occurs.
  • Gantry cranes 18 sliding on rails are included for moving the parts between the various zones. From right to left follow reinforcement pre-assembly positions 106, slab casting positions 108 and concrete curing positions 110. All the positions are contained in a tent building 112.
  • An SPMT 16 waits for the slabs, ready to take them to the planned building for the construction of the plancher(s) in the lower load areas.
  • the initial hardening of the concrete lasts about 24 hours and leads the material to acquire a consistency and resistance which allows the movement thereof.
  • the curing instead occurs in about 28 days (4 weeks) and brings the concrete to assume its final mechanical features.
  • the structures are moved from the zone PC to the zone C after approximately 24 hours.
  • a truckcrane 14 withdraws the slabs from the prefabrication area and places them in a lateral storage area C for the curing step.
  • the lifting of the slab is performed carried out using, for example, four lifting hooks (lifting beam) anchored in the slab which have been previously arranged. Up to four slabs are superimposed in the curing area to optimize the space, positioning them while taking into account the assembly sequence.
  • a mobile gantry crane 18 withdraws the slabs from the prefabrication area PC and positions them in a facing curing area C. The movement operations of the finished hardened slabs are performed as in the previous case.
  • the slabs and columns are ready to be positioned in the various areas where the structures of the prefabricated plancher are to be laid.
  • the slabs are loaded onto a self-propelled modular transporter (SPMT) 16.
  • SPMT self-propelled modular transporter
  • the self- propelled vehicle has the possibility to steer the wheels 360 degrees. This allows carousel and lateral movements.
  • the height of the platform can be adjusted hydraulically, allowing the vertical lifting or lowering of the load.
  • a flow diagram of the embodiment according to figure 2b is found, integrated with the assembly step of the plancher structure in figure 3.
  • the progress of the works is indicated by the arrows.
  • the start is given by the positions 106 for the prefabrication of the reinforcements, with a machine m for bending and the cutting of rods in the zone.
  • Gantry cranes 18 withdraw the reinforcements and move them to the positions 108 of the slab casting zone with concrete provided by concrete mixers 4.
  • the slabs are extracted from the formworks and moved with relative gantry cranes 18 to the positions 110 for curing, each position can receive four slabs 20.
  • the hardened slabs are lifted and placed on an SPMT 16 with a gantry crane 18.
  • a steel beam lattice frame 22 is installed on the platform of the self-propelled vehicle 16 on the upper part of which the slabs are supported (fig. 4a and fig. 4b) so as to raise the height thereof with respect to the ground so that they are at a height which exceeds the height of the heads of the previously installed prefabricated columns 24 by at least 20 cm.
  • the loading of the slabs 20 on the lattice 22 of the self-propelled vehicle 16 can occur with a gantry crane 16 or with a mobile crane 14, depending on whether it is the layout of figure 2a or the layout of figures 2b, 3, respectively.
  • At least two slabs 20 are placed on the lattice 22 and when the self-propelled vehicle 16 is positioned between two rows of columns 24, the mobile platform 28 of the self-propelled vehicle 16 is lowered and the edges of the slabs 20 simultaneously rest on the heads of the columns 24 already positioned.
  • Figure 4c shows slabs positioned on columns 24 anchored in a foundation plate 30.
  • the positioning of the slabs 20 on the columns 24 is done in such a way as to leave a suitable space 32, for example of about 30 cm, between adjacent slabs 20; the slabs 20 are then constrained to the columns 24 by means of embedded anchor bolts and/or shear keys (not depicted) and finally are j oined together and with the columns 24 with a concrete casting in place, which will thereby form a cross joint in the spaces 32.
  • the anchor bolts are threaded bars with steel end plates, to be anchored in the casting by means of positioning jigs and are applied to anchor the prefabricated load-bearing structure to the reinforced concrete slabs.
  • a shear key is a tubular steel profile embedded in the casting of a constraint block so as to absorb mainly shearing actions, leaving the axial action and bending moments almost unchanged.
  • Fig. 5a shows a foundation plate in which plinths 34 are included to accommodate prefabricated columns (not depicted).
  • the columns 24 positioned in the plinths of figure 5a can already be seen.
  • Figure 6 shows how a column 24 is anchored in the foundation plate 30 which is in turn supported on a lean layer 31.
  • Corrugated metal sleeves 36 are provided in the plate 30, which receive the ends of the reinforcements 44 immersed in the column 24.
  • a centring device 42 allows the correct positioning of the column 24.
  • the sides 40 are used for grouting (i.e., rejointing of the joints).
  • a casting of shrinkage-compensating mortar 38 serves to further fasten the column 24 in the plate 30.
  • Figure 7 shows the composition of the finished load-bearing structure in section: Columns 24 bearing slabs 20 have been erected on the foundation plate 30 with lean mortar 31.
  • Figure 8 shows four slabs 20 forming a square in which the cross spaces 32 are filled with a mortar casting to connect the slabs 20.
  • the slabs contain a set of cables or strands for tensioning the slab 20.
  • the post-tensioning of the post-tensioning elements 46 is performed, for example by means of hydraulic jacks which tension cables inside flexible sleeves by applying, to the release of the cable, a compression action on the entire structure.
  • dedicated positions highlighted areas
  • the elongation of the steel is measured and recorded for each strand 46 (a dedicated tensioning plane is envisaged for each single strand) to determine and verify that the tensioning force respects the design parameters. Once the correct elongation has been achieved, the strand 46 is locked in place, the tails of the steel cables can be cut and the sleeve surrounding the strand 46 is filled with anti-shrinkage mortar to provide coverage and protection.
  • the post-tensioning thus allows to reduce the overall thickness of the slab 20 and the amount of reinforcement, therefore with an overall saving of weights and costs (minimizes its own weight and the foundation loads).
  • the post-tensioned slab 20, with the same supported load may have a thickness of 500 mm instead of 800 mm of that made on site according to the traditional method.
  • Figures 9a and 9b show a section through a slab 20 with a relaxed strand 46a (figure 9a) and a tensioned strand 46b (figure 9b) with respect to a horizontal line h.
  • the drawings do not show any reductions in thickness. In the points x there is the possibility of mortar injection into the sleeves surrounding the strands.
  • the process according to the invention includes the construction of the foundation plates and/or of relative plinths, the prefabrication of the columns and of the slabs, the positioning of the columns in the plate and/or in the plinths and then the positioning of the slabs on the columns.
  • the levelling of the slabs preferably occurs with hydraulic jacks, the slabs (blocks) are connected with a casting in place, and thereafter the post-tensioning of the tensioning elements is advantageously carried out.
  • Machinery necessary for the prefabrication of the structures are for example a 360° mobile crane, an SPMT, a covered building with a sliding tent, a forklift and a machine for bending rods for reinforced concrete.
  • a forklift and a transporter truck are needed (possibly an SPMT can be used), while for the positioning of the slabs on the columns, an SPMT with lattice and hydraulic jacks are needed.
  • Figures 10a to 10c show columns which change appearance slightly with respect to the construction of their heads.
  • Figure 10a illustrates a column 24a to be placed in the centre of the cross formed between four slabs 20, figure 10b a column 24b to be placed on the comer of one slab 20 (with an enlargement of the circled part) and figure 10c a column 24c to be placed on the edge of the plancher between two slabs 20.
  • the anchoring of the columns in the plate 30 has been described with reference to figure 6 and is not illustrated here again. At this point it will also be said that the same or similar elements bear the same reference numerals even in different figures and are usually not described again if they have already been described with reference to a previous figure.
  • the numeral 46 can generally refer to a pre-tensioning element, to the sleeve containing a strand or to the strand itself.
  • plates are provided with shear key 48 anchored in the column 24a always with the aid of shrinkage mortar and anchoring "pins" 52 connected to, or forming a single piece with, the plate with the shear key.
  • plates 54 are noted for the lifting jack fastened by a horizontal element 56.
  • An anchoring bolt 58 for example of the Halfen type or the like helps to fasten the slab 20 on the column 24b.
  • Figure 10b shows the strand or the relative sleeve 46.
  • Figure 11 shows more details of the head of a column. Note the plates 54 for supporting the lifting jack and the steel tube 56 for connecting the plates 54 to the column 24.
  • the clamps 60 fastened with an extended nut and two platelets are used to fasten the slab 20 according to a prefabricated block support system and with variable adjustment.
  • Figures 12a and 12b show details of the pull and anchoring system with strands, and precisely the anchoring head (figure 12a) and the joint between metal sleeves, respectively.
  • the strand slides inside its metal sleeve 46.
  • a fastening cone 62 allows the splicing of two sectors of sleeve 46.
  • a succession of a valve 64, a plastic corrugated tube 66, a connector 68, a plug 70 and a saddle 72 (depicted in an exploded view) fastened with shrinkage mortar 74 in the slab 20 allow filling the sleeve 46 with mortar.
  • the filling with mortar occurs on the head 45 with a succession (idem in exploded view) of a valve 76, a corrugated plastic tube 78 and a cap 80 fastened with mortar in a hole 84 of the slab 20.
  • Figure 12c repeats in an exploded perspective view a head 45 accommodated in a plate inside a hole 84 of the slab and connected to the sleeve 46 for accommodating a strand. Parts of the classic reinforcement 47 of the slab 20 are noted.
  • FIG. 13a shows a traditional cast-in-situ solution with a foundation plate 130 and a raised floor with parts of considerable thickness. Three levels of props and formworks 124a, 124b, and 124c are required.
  • Figure 13b depicts a solution with a slab lightened with predalles. Predalles slabs are flat slabs of prefabricated, slowly reinforced latticed concrete, which are used for the construction of slab concrete floors. Only one set of props 124d without formworks is needed.
  • the foundation plate 230 is similar to that 30 foreseen for the invention.
  • pre-cast civil works in Table 1
  • cast-in-situ civil works which is related to the construction of the in situ castings of the remaining parts of the plant, is decidedly reduced with respect to the conventional methods.
  • the fabrication method of the raised plancher according to the invention allows to save about 40% of the time needed with respect to the traditional method.
  • the higher costs of the slab fabrication technique with respect to the conventional methods are reabsorbed by the greater execution speed of the civil works.

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  • Conveying And Assembling Of Building Elements In Situ (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un agencement, en particulier un site de construction, et un procédé de construction d'une aciérie pour la production de produits longs ou plats et une aciérie associée qui comprend sa subdivision en zones de plus grande charge (H) ou de plus petite charge (L), les charges de la zone de plus petite charge (L) (< 1,5 tonne/m2) étant placées sur un plancher surélevé constitué de colonnes (24, 24a, 24b, 24c) et de dalles (20) qui ont été préfabriquées simultanément à la construction du bâtiment (26), qui accueille la ligne de production de l'aciérie, et les zones de plus grande charge dans une zone (PF ; PC, C) qui est de préférence recouverte, adjacente à la zone de construction du bâtiment (26) qui comprend une zone de production de renforcement (6 ; 106), une zone de coulée (8 ; 108) ; et une zone de durcissement. La technique de post-tension des dalles est appliquée. L'invention permet d'accélérer la construction de l'aciérie.
PCT/IB2023/050887 2022-02-02 2023-02-01 Agencement et procédé pour la construction d'une aciérie et aciérie associée WO2023148635A1 (fr)

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IT202200001757 2022-02-02

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Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US10343200B2 (en) * 2013-10-04 2019-07-09 Danieli & C. Officine Meccaniche S.P.A. Steel plant for the production of long metal products and corresponding production method
US20210283668A1 (en) * 2016-09-05 2021-09-16 Sms Group Gmbh Continuously operable production plant and method for operating the production plant when there is a fault

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US10343200B2 (en) * 2013-10-04 2019-07-09 Danieli & C. Officine Meccaniche S.P.A. Steel plant for the production of long metal products and corresponding production method
US20210283668A1 (en) * 2016-09-05 2021-09-16 Sms Group Gmbh Continuously operable production plant and method for operating the production plant when there is a fault

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