WO2023144794A2 - Composite resilient plate and its use - Google Patents

Composite resilient plate and its use Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023144794A2
WO2023144794A2 PCT/IB2023/050799 IB2023050799W WO2023144794A2 WO 2023144794 A2 WO2023144794 A2 WO 2023144794A2 IB 2023050799 W IB2023050799 W IB 2023050799W WO 2023144794 A2 WO2023144794 A2 WO 2023144794A2
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
inner layer
composite
composite plate
flexibility
density
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Application number
PCT/IB2023/050799
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French (fr)
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WO2023144794A3 (en
Inventor
Grzegorz Wielopolski
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Art Progres Polska Sp. Z O.O.
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Application filed by Art Progres Polska Sp. Z O.O. filed Critical Art Progres Polska Sp. Z O.O.
Publication of WO2023144794A2 publication Critical patent/WO2023144794A2/en
Publication of WO2023144794A3 publication Critical patent/WO2023144794A3/en

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47G—HOUSEHOLD OR TABLE EQUIPMENT
    • A47G7/00—Flower holders or the like
    • A47G7/02—Devices for supporting flower-pots or cut flowers
    • A47G7/04—Flower tables; Stands or hangers, e.g. baskets, for flowers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B15/00—Layered products comprising a layer of metal
    • B32B15/14—Layered products comprising a layer of metal next to a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
    • A01G9/02—Receptacles, e.g. flower-pots or boxes; Glasses for cultivating flowers
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47G—HOUSEHOLD OR TABLE EQUIPMENT
    • A47G7/00—Flower holders or the like
    • A47G7/02—Devices for supporting flower-pots or cut flowers
    • A47G7/04—Flower tables; Stands or hangers, e.g. baskets, for flowers
    • A47G7/041—Flower tables or stands
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B15/00—Layered products comprising a layer of metal
    • B32B15/04—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
    • B32B15/08—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of synthetic resin
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B15/00—Layered products comprising a layer of metal
    • B32B15/20—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising aluminium or copper
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/02—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/22—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed
    • B32B5/24—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B32B5/26—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer another layer next to it also being fibrous or filamentary
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B7/00—Layered products characterised by the relation between layers; Layered products characterised by the relative orientation of features between layers, or by the relative values of a measurable parameter between layers, i.e. products comprising layers having different physical, chemical or physicochemical properties; Layered products characterised by the interconnection of layers
    • B32B7/02—Physical, chemical or physicochemical properties
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B7/00—Layered products characterised by the relation between layers; Layered products characterised by the relative orientation of features between layers, or by the relative values of a measurable parameter between layers, i.e. products comprising layers having different physical, chemical or physicochemical properties; Layered products characterised by the interconnection of layers
    • B32B7/02—Physical, chemical or physicochemical properties
    • B32B7/022—Mechanical properties
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
    • B32B2262/10—Inorganic fibres
    • B32B2262/101—Glass fibres
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
    • B32B2262/10—Inorganic fibres
    • B32B2262/106—Carbon fibres, e.g. graphite fibres
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2274/00—Thermoplastic elastomer material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/50—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular mechanical properties
    • B32B2307/51—Elastic
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/50—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular mechanical properties
    • B32B2307/546—Flexural strength; Flexion stiffness
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/70—Other properties
    • B32B2307/72—Density
    • B32B2307/722—Non-uniform density
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2607/00—Walls, panels

Definitions

  • the subject of the invention is a resilient composite panel in the form of a polyhedron, consisting of interconnected layers with different material properties, and a method of its use in the advertising industry
  • Multilayer composite panels in the form of a polyhedron have been known for years and widely used in many industries, e.g. construction, aviation, transport, automotive as well as in the advertising industry. Thanks to their mechanical properties resulting from the layered structure, such composites allow to reduce the weight of the structure while ensuring its high rigidity in all planes.
  • One of the types of composite sandwich panels that are particularly eagerly used in the advertising industry are sandwich panels, in which a light, homogeneous core of low mechanical strength can be distinguished, placed between external mutually parallel layers with increased strength parameters - significantly higher than the parameters of the core, at the same time with lower thickness.
  • a particularly important parameter of the material forming the outer layers is its tensile strength.
  • the construction of the described sandwich panel is similar to a classic I-beam, where the two face plates mainly withstand in-plane and lateral bending loads, while the core material mainly withstands shear loads.
  • the following materials are used for the outer layers: aluminum, fiberglass impregnated with polymer resins, wooden plywood, carbon fiber.
  • the common features of these products are: mutual parallelism of the outer layers, uniform stiffness in all directions as a dominant feature and predisposing the composite to use, homogeneity of the inner layer, ultimate shape stability during use, mechanical resistance of the outer layers and their visual aspect.
  • Patent document US2008/0286543A1 titled Layered sandwich structure contains a description of the layers and their mutual location in a composite sandwich panel, where the same external layers are separated by layers with different material properties, which has been achieved through the use of different materials and their appropriate formation.
  • Patent document EP1488919B1 entitled Partly filled honeycomb panel contains a description of the composite structure, in which identical external layers have been separated by a partially filled structure, the so-called honeycomb.
  • the layered composite materials offered by the above-mentioned entities differ in the technical means used in terms of the materials used and their mutual arrangement in the final product, but they have several unchanging common features, i.e. the final product is flat, the final product is rigid, the final product is not there are internal stresses, the structure of individual layers is homogeneous, the product is oriented to remain in its initial shape. It is true that 3A Composites assumes the deformation process of its layered products and describes their dedicated course in the manual: http: 7 w.utilgraph.it/allegati/prodotti/pannelli/DIBOND/DIBOND. thoroughproc. structurir., however, it is a process to permanently, non-resiliently form the composite panel to achieve the intended visual effect.
  • the above-mentioned technical procedures are aimed at pre-forming the core layer of the composite panel and then enabling its rigid connection with the outer layers by means of adhesives or welds.
  • Such a solution eliminates the unfavorable elasticity of the element and reduces the tension occurring in it during use.
  • the resilient sandwich panel which is the subject of this description, has features that significantly distinguish it from known solutions. It reaches its full form and functionality after it is permanently connected to the exposed element. In principle, these are flat elements, with particular emphasis on decorative and finishing elements made of wood or with its partial participation - such as: floor panels, coffers, wainscots, etc.
  • the outer layer of the board should be resistant to mechanical damage (multiple viewing by buyers in showrooms) and have an aesthetic, smooth surface, the board it should have a thickness similar to the thickness of the presented element, the composite board should be as light as possible (issues of transport and comfort of use in the places of presentation).
  • the technology of building the panel core presented in the description also allows you to save petroleum- derived plastics used for its production, which has a positive effect on the cost of production, as well as being environmentally friendly.
  • the aim of the invention is to obtain a structure of a flexible composite board, which, thanks to its mechanical properties and thanks to the developed method of its connection with a dedicated element of external origin, will serve as a component of the newly created display of flat elements, in particular finishing building materials made of wood or wood-based materials. Obtained by combining, according to the method, the panel with the exposed element, the display will be used in the commercial and advertising industry. The use of the invention in accordance with the method will allow for more visually attractive display of the entrusted finishing elements.
  • the essence of the invention is characterized by the fact that in a resilient composite panel, the inner layer is non-uniformly flexible and has a non-uniform density, while the outer layers have a thickness smaller than the inner layer at its thinnest point, are made of a uniform resilient material with a higher hardness in relation to the inner layer, preferably made of aluminum sheet and are not mutually parallel when external forces of a certain intensity do not act on the flexible composite panel.
  • the inner layer has the zone of greatest flexibility in the axis of symmetry parallel to the reference axis Y, and the two zones of least flexibility are located at the ends of the inner layer, and between the zone of greatest flexibility and the zones of least flexibility, the elasticity of the inner layer progressively decreases with increasing its density, in the transition zones, where the given elasticity and density are constant for a given section plane in the projection onto the ZY plane.
  • figure 1 shows a flexible composite plate in an axonometric projection
  • figure 2 shows a flexible composite plate with an exposed element in a projection on the ZX plane
  • figure 3 shows a flexible composite plate connected with an exposed element with glue
  • figure 4 shows the detail A indicated in figure 3.
  • the resilient composite plate 1 consists of three layers permanently connected to each other, these are the inner layer 3, and two identical outer layers 4 and 5.
  • the inner layer 3 is permanently bonded to the outer layers 4 and 5 due to its adhesive properties, it is also flexible , and its elasticity is not uniform throughout its volume.
  • the outer layers 4 and 5 are less thick than the inner layer 3 and are made of an elastic material of increased hardness, e.g. aluminum sheet, glass fiber, carbon, etc.
  • the inner layer 3 is made of synthetic elastomer and has zones of variable flexibility with the zone of highest flexibility E located in the axis of symmetry parallel to the Y axis.
  • the elasticity of the inner layer 3 decreases with the distance from the axis of symmetry parallel to the Y axis, with the given elasticity being constant for a given section plane in the projection onto the ZY plane in transition zones P.
  • Variable elasticity of the inner layer 3 is obtained by progressively changing the density of the elastomer, with greater flexibility corresponding to lower density. This effect is obtained due to the variable aeration of the inner layer 3 during the production process. In the planes furthest away from the symmetry axis parallel to the Y axis, i.e.
  • the method of connecting the flexible composite plate 1 with the exposed element 2 consists in applying a layer of adhesive 6 to one of the surfaces of the outer layers 4 or 5 and pressing the elastic composite plate 1 and the exposed element 2 together to fully connect their surfaces.
  • the elastic composite panel 1 and the exposed element 2 will be deformed.
  • the exposed element 2 will strive for parallelism with the X axis and the outer layers 4 and 5 for mutual parallelism. With the optimal selection of the system parameters - forces equal in size but opposite in direction - the outer panels 4 and 5 will be parallel with the exposed element 2 in relation to the X axis.
  • the described composite and the method of its use will allow to obtain a visually attractive display, which will level the deformations of the presented element by using the unfavorable internal stresses present in it. Thanks to this, it will be possible to reduce the weight and dimensions of the rigid composite plate, which was responsible for the transfer of the above-mentioned stresses in the existing solutions.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)
  • Cultivation Receptacles Or Flower-Pots, Or Pots For Seedlings (AREA)
  • Chemical And Physical Treatments For Wood And The Like (AREA)

Abstract

Resilient composite plate for use in the advertising industry, consisting of several interconnected layers made of materials with different material properties, characterized in that the inner layer (3) is non-uniformly flexible and has a non-uniform density, and the outer layers (4 and 5) have a thickness lower than the inner layer (3) in its at the thinnest point, are made of a uniform elastic material of higher hardness in relation to the inner layer (3), preferably of aluminum sheet, and are not mutually parallel when external forces of a certain intensity do not act on the elastic composite plate (1).

Description

Composite resilient plate and its use
The subject of the invention is a resilient composite panel in the form of a polyhedron, consisting of interconnected layers with different material properties, and a method of its use in the advertising industry
Multilayer composite panels in the form of a polyhedron have been known for years and widely used in many industries, e.g. construction, aviation, transport, automotive as well as in the advertising industry. Thanks to their mechanical properties resulting from the layered structure, such composites allow to reduce the weight of the structure while ensuring its high rigidity in all planes. One of the types of composite sandwich panels that are particularly eagerly used in the advertising industry are sandwich panels, in which a light, homogeneous core of low mechanical strength can be distinguished, placed between external mutually parallel layers with increased strength parameters - significantly higher than the parameters of the core, at the same time with lower thickness. A particularly important parameter of the material forming the outer layers is its tensile strength. By keeping the outer layers in mutual parallelism and distance from each other by rigidly attaching them to the light core layer, a material with high stiffness and advantageously reduced mass is obtained. While maintaining appropriate mechanical parameters, the cost of production of such a composite is also reduced. In its functionality, the construction of the described sandwich panel is similar to a classic I-beam, where the two face plates mainly withstand in-plane and lateral bending loads, while the core material mainly withstands shear loads. The following materials are used for the outer layers: aluminum, fiberglass impregnated with polymer resins, wooden plywood, carbon fiber. Aluminum in the form of the so-called honeycomb, plastics, including in foamed form, wood-based materials (MDF), spatial structures based on paper and others. The common features of these products are: mutual parallelism of the outer layers, uniform stiffness in all directions as a dominant feature and predisposing the composite to use, homogeneity of the inner layer, ultimate shape stability during use, mechanical resistance of the outer layers and their visual aspect.
Patent document US2008/0286543A1 titled Layered sandwich structure contains a description of the layers and their mutual location in a composite sandwich panel, where the same external layers are separated by layers with different material properties, which has been achieved through the use of different materials and their appropriate formation. Patent document US 2010/0115883A1 titled Load-bearing space lattice structure, lightweight construction element and process for the preparation thereof; contains a description of a spatial structure with specific mechanical parameters that can be used as an element of a layered composite material in the form of a plate. In such a solution, this structure can be a separating-retaining layer for the outer layers. Patent document US5718968 titled Memory molded, high strength polystyrene; contains a description of a layered composite based on polyester, characterized by the presence of separated zones of different elasticity and density, having the so-called shape memory, to which the composite returns after the deformation force ceases. Patent document EP1488919B1 entitled Partly filled honeycomb panel contains a description of the composite structure, in which identical external layers have been separated by a partially filled structure, the so-called honeycomb. At the same time, there are many products on the market with the above-mentioned features of a multi-layer composite board. These are among others:
- products of the Swiss company 3A Composites, which is one of the market leaders in this segment, dedicated to the advertising industry: https://www.display.3acomposites.com/home/
- products of the Polish company HoneyComb Systems, i.e. composites containing the structure of the so-called honeycomb: http:/ ^
Figure imgf000003_0001
- products of the potentate on the Polish market, the company "OSTROWSKI" Sp. z o.o.:
Figure imgf000003_0002
The layered composite materials offered by the above-mentioned entities differ in the technical means used in terms of the materials used and their mutual arrangement in the final product, but they have several unchanging common features, i.e. the final product is flat, the final product is rigid, the final product is not there are internal stresses, the structure of individual layers is homogeneous, the product is oriented to remain in its initial shape. It is true that 3A Composites assumes the deformation process of its layered products and describes their dedicated course in the manual: http: 7 w.utilgraph.it/allegati/prodotti/pannelli/DIBOND/DIBOND.„proc.„GB.pdf however, it is a process to permanently, non-resiliently form the composite panel to achieve the intended visual effect. In the case of composite structures containing a layer in the form of a 'honeycomb', you can find products and research works focusing on optimizing the shape of the honeycomb cells in order to enable its arbitrary formation. At: hitps;/^ww.hexcel.com/ProductsZIloneycoj^/ fcxW^-f-Iqnt^qmb Hexcel Corporation showcases its products in this area. In this article fri Morphing nacelle inlet lip with pneumatic actuators and a flexible nano composite sandwich panel from 2015 presents methods of forming sandwich composites using a honeycomb core, the shape of which is conducive to initial forming: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/283722530.. Morphing.. nacelle..inlet...lip... with... pneu
The above-mentioned technical procedures, however, are aimed at pre-forming the core layer of the composite panel and then enabling its rigid connection with the outer layers by means of adhesives or welds. Such a solution eliminates the unfavorable elasticity of the element and reduces the tension occurring in it during use. The resilient sandwich panel, which is the subject of this description, has features that significantly distinguish it from known solutions. It reaches its full form and functionality after it is permanently connected to the exposed element. In principle, these are flat elements, with particular emphasis on decorative and finishing elements made of wood or with its partial participation - such as: floor panels, coffers, wainscots, etc. It will be used in the advertising industry, serving as a prefabricated element for the production of displays of the above-mentioned assortment . In its original, post-production form, it is elastically deformed and its outer layers are not parallel. After mounting the exposed advertising element on the board according to In this way, the outer layers, under the influence of mutual interactions occurring in the panel, are arranged parallel to each other, creating a new, independent composite element together with the exposed element. After connecting by the way the exposed element shares its load-bearing role with the slab. Flat wooden elements, for which the described board is used, sometimes have slight elastic deformations already at the post-production stage, which often increase with time and external factors (humidity, temperature fluctuations, UV radiation). Display in showrooms is not a 'natural' environment for the above-mentioned products - they have been designed to work in other conditions and are often attached to the ground with adhesives or anchors in order to shape them properly. Divided into small, several-dozen-centimeter fragments (usually in the form of a rectangle) in order to display them commercially, they undergo visually unfavorable deformations. The plate in question, together with the method of its use, eliminates this drawback and ensures the proper presentation of the materials entrusted by the client. At the same time, an appropriate visual side of the finished display, indicated by the client, is required, i.e. the outer layer of the board (from the side where the presented element is not attached) should be resistant to mechanical damage (multiple viewing by buyers in showrooms) and have an aesthetic, smooth surface, the board it should have a thickness similar to the thickness of the presented element, the composite board should be as light as possible (issues of transport and comfort of use in the places of presentation). The technology of building the panel core presented in the description also allows you to save petroleum- derived plastics used for its production, which has a positive effect on the cost of production, as well as being environmentally friendly.
The aim of the invention is to obtain a structure of a flexible composite board, which, thanks to its mechanical properties and thanks to the developed method of its connection with a dedicated element of external origin, will serve as a component of the newly created display of flat elements, in particular finishing building materials made of wood or wood-based materials. Obtained by combining, according to the method, the panel with the exposed element, the display will be used in the commercial and advertising industry. The use of the invention in accordance with the method will allow for more visually attractive display of the entrusted finishing elements. The essence of the invention is characterized by the fact that in a resilient composite panel, the inner layer is non-uniformly flexible and has a non-uniform density, while the outer layers have a thickness smaller than the inner layer at its thinnest point, are made of a uniform resilient material with a higher hardness in relation to the inner layer, preferably made of aluminum sheet and are not mutually parallel when external forces of a certain intensity do not act on the flexible composite panel. It is advantageous that the inner layer has the zone of greatest flexibility in the axis of symmetry parallel to the reference axis Y, and the two zones of least flexibility are located at the ends of the inner layer, and between the zone of greatest flexibility and the zones of least flexibility, the elasticity of the inner layer progressively decreases with increasing its density, in the transition zones, where the given elasticity and density are constant for a given section plane in the projection onto the ZY plane.
The subject of the invention is presented in the drawing where: figure 1 shows a flexible composite plate in an axonometric projection, figure 2 shows a flexible composite plate with an exposed element in a projection on the ZX plane, figure 3 shows a flexible composite plate connected with an exposed element with glue, while figure 4 shows the detail A indicated in figure 3. The resilient composite plate 1 consists of three layers permanently connected to each other, these are the inner layer 3, and two identical outer layers 4 and 5. The inner layer 3 is permanently bonded to the outer layers 4 and 5 due to its adhesive properties, it is also flexible , and its elasticity is not uniform throughout its volume. The outer layers 4 and 5 are less thick than the inner layer 3 and are made of an elastic material of increased hardness, e.g. aluminum sheet, glass fiber, carbon, etc. The inner layer 3 is made of synthetic elastomer and has zones of variable flexibility with the zone of highest flexibility E located in the axis of symmetry parallel to the Y axis. The elasticity of the inner layer 3 decreases with the distance from the axis of symmetry parallel to the Y axis, with the given elasticity being constant for a given section plane in the projection onto the ZY plane in transition zones P. Variable elasticity of the inner layer 3 is obtained by progressively changing the density of the elastomer, with greater flexibility corresponding to lower density. This effect is obtained due to the variable aeration of the inner layer 3 during the production process. In the planes furthest away from the symmetry axis parallel to the Y axis, i.e. at the ends of the composite panel 1, there are two zones of the lowest flexibility S, which are also the zones of the highest density. Thanks to the appropriate formation of the inner layer 3 and its variable properties, i.e. variable elasticity and variable density, in combination with the outer layers 4 and 5, we obtain a resilient composite plate 1 bent in the Z axis, and when no external forces act on it, there are no external forces in it internal stresses. The method of connecting the flexible composite plate 1 with the exposed element 2 consists in applying a layer of adhesive 6 to one of the surfaces of the outer layers 4 or 5 and pressing the elastic composite plate 1 and the exposed element 2 together to fully connect their surfaces. As a result of such a connection, after the external pressing forces subside under the influence of internal elastic forces occurring in the inner layer 3 and the exposed element 2, the elastic composite panel 1 and the exposed element 2 will be deformed. The exposed element 2 will strive for parallelism with the X axis and the outer layers 4 and 5 for mutual parallelism. With the optimal selection of the system parameters - forces equal in size but opposite in direction - the outer panels 4 and 5 will be parallel with the exposed element 2 in relation to the X axis.
The described composite and the method of its use will allow to obtain a visually attractive display, which will level the deformations of the presented element by using the unfavorable internal stresses present in it. Thanks to this, it will be possible to reduce the weight and dimensions of the rigid composite plate, which was responsible for the transfer of the above-mentioned stresses in the existing solutions.

Claims

Patent claims
1. Resilient composite plate for advertising industry applications, consisting of of several interconnected layers made of materials with different material properties, characterized in that the inner layer (3) is non-uniformly elastic and has a non-uniform density, and the outer layers (4 and 5) have a thickness less than the inner layer (3) at its thinnest are made of a uniform elastic material of higher hardness in relation to the inner layer (3), preferably of aluminum sheet, and are not mutually parallel when external forces of a certain intensity do not act on the elastic composite plate (1).
2. A resilient composite plate as claimed in claim 1. characterized in that the inner layer (3) has a zone of greatest flexibility E in the axis of symmetry parallel to the reference axis Y, and two zones of least flexibility S are located at the ends of the inner layer (3), and between the zone of greatest flexibility E and the zones of least flexibility S, the elasticity of the inner layer (3) progressively decreases with increasing its density in the transition zones P, with the given elasticity and density being constant for a given cross-sectional plane projected onto the ZY plane.
PCT/IB2023/050799 2022-01-31 2023-01-30 Composite resilient plate and its use WO2023144794A2 (en)

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PL440260A PL440260A1 (en) 2022-01-31 2022-01-31 Resilient composite plate and how to use it

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ES119449Y (en) * 1965-10-15 1966-11-16 Navarro Vidal Isidro Em VEGETABLE GRID DEVICE ALREADY WOVEN, ADAPTABLE TO DOORS, BACKRESTS, ARMS AND FURNITURE SEATS.
GB2109838B (en) * 1981-11-24 1986-02-05 John William Stamper Self-supporting decoration structure
US5087511A (en) * 1990-08-31 1992-02-11 General Electric Company Composite element having a variable density core
KR101070331B1 (en) * 2008-10-08 2011-10-05 박준상 Living room furniture for possible planting flower plants
GB2476686A (en) * 2010-01-05 2011-07-06 Intelligent Engineering Sandwich panel having light hydrophobic forms in core
PL68048Y1 (en) * 2012-02-20 2015-11-30 Rymer Krzysztof Przedsiębiorstwo Prod Usługowo Handlowe Erplast Zakład Pracy Chr Traffic signs and information boards shield
CN209750268U (en) * 2017-08-17 2019-12-10 广州凰宁景观工程有限公司 Tea table
CN209862779U (en) * 2019-03-22 2019-12-31 王立军 Ecological landscape environment-friendly tea table
US20210228002A1 (en) * 2020-01-24 2021-07-29 Gong Ke Gouldstone Furniture

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