WO2023138584A1 - 高动态性能铁路货车转向架 - Google Patents

高动态性能铁路货车转向架 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023138584A1
WO2023138584A1 PCT/CN2023/072672 CN2023072672W WO2023138584A1 WO 2023138584 A1 WO2023138584 A1 WO 2023138584A1 CN 2023072672 W CN2023072672 W CN 2023072672W WO 2023138584 A1 WO2023138584 A1 WO 2023138584A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
bolster
side frame
hydraulic shock
shock absorber
spring
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2023/072672
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
易军恩
宋帆
唐应文
周军伟
姜瑞金
徐勇
李华宴
史春江
涂智文
张良威
蒲杨丹
晏梦文
廖渝江
唐大璇
管希
江荷燕
严志雄
吴先年
Original Assignee
中车长江运输设备集团有限公司
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 中车长江运输设备集团有限公司 filed Critical 中车长江运输设备集团有限公司
Publication of WO2023138584A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023138584A1/zh

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61F—RAIL VEHICLE SUSPENSIONS, e.g. UNDERFRAMES, BOGIES OR ARRANGEMENTS OF WHEEL AXLES; RAIL VEHICLES FOR USE ON TRACKS OF DIFFERENT WIDTH; PREVENTING DERAILING OF RAIL VEHICLES; WHEEL GUARDS, OBSTRUCTION REMOVERS OR THE LIKE FOR RAIL VEHICLES
    • B61F5/00—Constructional details of bogies; Connections between bogies and vehicle underframes; Arrangements or devices for adjusting or allowing self-adjustment of wheel axles or bogies when rounding curves
    • B61F5/02—Arrangements permitting limited transverse relative movements between vehicle underframe or bolster and bogie; Connections between underframes and bogies
    • B61F5/04—Bolster supports or mountings
    • B61F5/12—Bolster supports or mountings incorporating dampers
    • B61F5/127—Bolster supports or mountings incorporating dampers with fluid as a damping medium
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61F—RAIL VEHICLE SUSPENSIONS, e.g. UNDERFRAMES, BOGIES OR ARRANGEMENTS OF WHEEL AXLES; RAIL VEHICLES FOR USE ON TRACKS OF DIFFERENT WIDTH; PREVENTING DERAILING OF RAIL VEHICLES; WHEEL GUARDS, OBSTRUCTION REMOVERS OR THE LIKE FOR RAIL VEHICLES
    • B61F5/00—Constructional details of bogies; Connections between bogies and vehicle underframes; Arrangements or devices for adjusting or allowing self-adjustment of wheel axles or bogies when rounding curves
    • B61F5/26—Mounting or securing axle-boxes in vehicle or bogie underframes
    • B61F5/30—Axle-boxes mounted for movement under spring control in vehicle or bogie underframes
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T30/00—Transportation of goods or passengers via railways, e.g. energy recovery or reducing air resistance

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the technical field of bogies, in particular to a high dynamic performance railway freight car bogie.
  • the railway freight car bogie is a key part of the railway freight car, and it is also a relatively independent part in the composition of the vehicle, so it has great adaptability to various vehicles.
  • the general requirements for truck bogies are: simple structure, good dynamic performance, low manufacturing cost, and convenient maintenance.
  • Freight truck bogies generally adopt three-piece bogies, which are mainly composed of side frames, bolsters, wheelsets, wedge damping devices, foundation brake devices, anti-diamond devices, and side bearings.
  • the structure is simple, the manufacturing and maintenance costs are low, and the dynamic performance can meet the needs of cargo transportation.
  • the purpose of the present invention is to overcome the disadvantages of the above-mentioned background technology, and provide a high dynamic performance railway freight car bogie, which has good dynamic performance and good stability, and meets the comfort requirements of special cargo transportation and long-term operation of the personnel on board.
  • a high dynamic performance railway freight car bogie designed by the present invention comprises two sets of wheel sets, two side frames, a bolster, two elastic side bearings, a lower swing device and a foundation braking device; the two ends of the wheel set are respectively provided with bearings, and the two ends of the side frame are respectively installed on the bearings on the same side of the two sets of wheel sets through the axle box elastic suspension device;
  • the two elastic side bearing components are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the bolster component; the two ends of the lower swing device are respectively installed between the two side frame components, and the two ends of the bolster component are respectively installed on the lower swing device through the central spring component;
  • the basic braking device is hung on the fulcrum base formed by the bolster through the brake suspender; the traction rod component, the vertical hydraulic shock absorber and the transverse hydraulic shock absorber are also arranged between the side frame component and the bolster component.
  • the side frame composition has a side frame body with a middle part facing upward, and the two ends of the side frame composition respectively have side frame guide frames opening downward, and a side frame traction rod mounting seat is arranged above one of the side frame guide frames;
  • the top center of the bolster is provided with a lower center plate, and the two sides of the lower center plate are respectively provided with side support boxes, and the elastic side support components are correspondingly installed on the side support boxes;
  • the two ends of the bolster are respectively provided with bolster traction rod mounting seats extending outward, and the side frame traction A traction rod is connected between the rod mounting seat and the bolster traction rod mounting seat on the same side.
  • the outer middle part of the side frame is provided with a side frame vertical hydraulic shock absorber mounting seat, and the two ends of the bolster composition are respectively provided with a bolster vertical hydraulic shock absorber mounting seat;
  • a vertical hydraulic shock absorber is connected between the side frame vertical hydraulic shock absorber mounting seat and the bolster vertical hydraulic shock absorber mounting seat on the same side.
  • the middle part of the inner wall of the side frame body composed of the side frame is symmetrically provided with a lateral hydraulic shock absorber mounting seat of the side frame, and the lateral hydraulic shock absorber mounting seat of the bolster is provided on the two outer surfaces of the bolster;
  • a transverse hydraulic shock absorber is connected between the side frame transverse hydraulic shock absorber mounting seat and the bolster transverse hydraulic shock absorber mounting seat on the same side.
  • the bolster traction rod mounting seats at both ends of the bolster composition are arranged diagonally with respect to the central axis of the lower center plate;
  • the vertical hydraulic shock absorber mounting seats of the bolster at both ends of the bolster are arranged diagonally with respect to the central axis of the lower center plate;
  • the lateral hydraulic shock absorber mounting seats of the bolster forming two sides of the bolster are arranged diagonally with respect to the central axis of the lower center plate.
  • the bottom ends of the bolster are respectively provided with bolster cylinders, and the top ends of the lower swing device are respectively provided with spring trays arranged corresponding to the bolster cylinders;
  • the top composed of the central spring is installed in the bolster cylinder composed of the bolster, and the bottom composed of the central spring is installed in the spring tray of the lower swing device.
  • the bottom of the bolster is provided with two symmetrically arranged first transverse elastic stops
  • the top of the lower swing device is provided with two second transverse elastic stops corresponding to the first transverse elastic stops.
  • the two ends of the bottom of the lower swing device are respectively provided with rocking seats located below the spring tray, and the bottom of the rocking seat is provided with a rocking seat support; the middle part of the side frame is provided with an installation platform for installing the lower swing device.
  • the axle box elastic suspension device includes a bearing saddle, an axle box spring is arranged on the top of the bearing saddle, and longitudinal elastic pads are arranged on both sides of the bearing saddle;
  • the traction rod consists of a traction rod body, two ends of the traction rod body are provided with installation holes, and an elastic ball hinge is installed in each of the installation holes.
  • the central spring composition includes a spring group formed by an outer spring and an inner spring, an upper splint is provided at the top of the spring group, a lower splint is provided at the bottom of the spring group, a locking member that runs through the middle of the spring group is provided between the upper splint and the lower splint, and the locking member is used to apply a pre-tightening force to the spring group; an elastic pad is arranged between the lower splint and the spring group formed by the outer spring and the inner spring;
  • the locking member comprises a bolt and a slotted nut, the shank of the bolt extending through the middle of the lower plate up through the spring After assembly, pass through the middle part of the upper splint and lock and connect with the slotted nut.
  • the present invention has following advantage:
  • the high dynamic performance railway freight car bogie of the present invention is designed to be composed of traction rods, vertical hydraulic shock absorbers, and transverse hydraulic shock absorbers. It has good dynamic performance and good stability, and effectively solves the shortcomings of the traditional freight car bogie.
  • one end of the vertical hydraulic shock absorber of the present invention is installed on the side frame vertical hydraulic shock absorber mounting seat in the side frame composition, and one end is mounted on the bolster vertical hydraulic shock absorber mounting seat composed of bolsters to provide the required damping for vehicle vibration, which can effectively attenuate the vertical vibration of the vehicle and improve the dynamic performance of the vehicle.
  • one end of the lateral hydraulic shock absorber of the present invention is installed on the side frame lateral hydraulic shock absorber mounting seat in the side frame composition, and the other end is mounted on the bolster lateral hydraulic shock absorber mounting seat composed of bolsters to provide the required damping for vehicle vibration, effectively attenuate the lateral vibration of the vehicle, and improve the dynamic performance of the vehicle.
  • the two ends of the bolster composed of the bolster of the high dynamic performance railway freight car bogie of the present invention are respectively installed on the lower swing device through the central spring composition, which can be used to install the spring with large deflection, further improves the deflection of the spring, and can limit the displacement of the spring and improve the lateral movement positioning stiffness.
  • the high dynamic performance railway freight car bogie of the present invention is also provided with two symmetrically arranged first and second lateral elastic stops, which can limit excessive lateral movement and reduce lateral impact.
  • the bearing saddle of the axle box elastic suspension device of the present invention is located on the bearing formed by the wheel set to form a rotation, and the top of the axle box spring and the longitudinal elastic pad are installed in the side frame guide frame to form an elastic positioning structure composed of the wheel set, which provides suitable longitudinal and lateral positioning stiffness for the wheel set, and ensures excellent snaking motion stability and good curve passing performance.
  • the central spring composition of the present invention adopts upper and lower splints and fasteners to compress the spring group to a predetermined height.
  • the central spring composition has a very large vertical deflection, and the elastic pad can effectively isolate the high-frequency vibration of the vehicle and improve the stability of the vehicle.
  • one end of the traction rod composition of the present invention is connected with the side frame traction rod mounting seat by a high-strength bolt, and one end is connected with the bolster traction rod mounting seat by a high-strength bolt, so as to transmit the longitudinal force between the side frame composition and the bolster composition.
  • Fig. 1 is a structural schematic diagram of a high dynamic performance railway freight car bogie
  • Fig. 2 is the structural representation of side frame composition
  • Fig. 3 is the structural representation of bolster composition
  • Fig. 4 is a structural schematic view of another angle of the bolster shown in Fig. 3;
  • Fig. 5 is a structural schematic diagram of the lower swing device
  • Fig. 6 is the structural representation of axle box elastic suspension device
  • Fig. 7 is the structural representation that central spring forms
  • Fig. 8 is a structural schematic diagram of the composition of the traction rod
  • wheel set composition 1 side frame composition 2 (side frame body 2.1, side frame guide frame 2.2, side frame traction rod mounting seat 2.3, side frame vertical hydraulic shock absorber mounting seat 2.4, side frame transverse hydraulic shock absorber mounting seat 2.5, installation platform 2.6), bolster composition 3 (lower center plate 3.1, side support box 3.2, bolster traction rod mounting seat 3.3, bolster vertical hydraulic shock absorber mounting seat 3.4, bolster lateral hydraulic shock absorber Vibrator mounting seat 3.5, bolster cylinder 3.6, first transverse elastic stopper 3.7), elastic side bearing composition 4, lower swing device 5 (spring tray 5.1, second transverse elastic stopper 5.2), foundation brake device 6, bearing 7, axle box elastic suspension device 8 (loading saddle 8.1, axle box spring 8.2, longitudinal elastic pad 8.3), central spring composition 9 (outer round spring 9.1, inner round spring 9.2, upper splint 9.3, lower splint 9.4, Locking piece 9.5, bolt 9.51, elastic pad 9.6, slotted nut 9.52), traction rod composition 10 (traction rod body 10.1
  • a high dynamic performance railway freight car bogie as shown in Figure 1 comprises two sets of wheelsets 1, two side frames 2, bolsters 3, two elastic side bearings 4, a lower swing device 5 and a foundation braking device 6;
  • the wheelset 1 includes an axle and two wheels, the two ends of the wheelset are respectively provided with bearings 7, and the two ends of the sideframes 2 are respectively installed on the bearings 7 on the same side of the two sets of wheelsets 1 through the axle box elastic suspension device 8;
  • the two elastic side bearing components 4 are arranged symmetrically on both sides of the bolster component 3; the two ends of the lower swing device 5 are respectively installed between the two side frame components 2, and the two ends of the bolster component 3 are respectively installed on the lower swing device 5 through the central spring component 9; the foundation brake device 6 is hung on the fulcrum seat of the bolster component 3 through the brake suspender, and the foundation brake device 6 includes two brake beams, a middle tie rod, a floating lever, and a fixed lever, which are used to transmit the braking force of the vehicle to make the vehicle stop within a specified distance.
  • a traction rod assembly 10 , a vertical hydraulic shock absorber 11 and a lateral hydraulic shock absorber 12 are also arranged between the side frame composition 2 and the bolster composition 3 .
  • the side frame composition 2 has a side frame body 2.1 with the middle facing upward.
  • the side frame body 2.1 is a U-shaped opening without an upper chord structure.
  • the two ends of the side frame composition 2 respectively have a side frame guide frame 2.2 facing downward.
  • a side frame traction rod mounting seat 2.3 is arranged above one of the side frame guide frames 2.2;
  • Bearing composition 4 is correspondingly installed on side bearing box 3.2;
  • elastic side bearing composition 4 is installed in side bearing box 3.2 of bolster composition 3 to provide stable slewing damping for the vehicle and ensure good snaking stability of the vehicle.
  • elastic side bearing composition 4 has a large elastic deflection, which can make the vehicle better adapt to torsion. curve road.
  • the elastic side bearing consists of elastic side bearing body and longitudinal locking oblique iron, and the vertical stiffness of the elastic side bearing is 1.4-2.5MN/m.
  • Both ends of the bolster composition 3 are respectively provided with bolster traction rod mounts 3.3 extending outward, and a traction rod composition 10 is connected between the side frame traction rod mounts 2.3 and the bolster traction rod mounts 3.3 on the same side.
  • side frame vertical hydraulic shock absorber mounts 2.4 are provided at the outer middle of side frame composition 2, and bolster vertical hydraulic shock absorber mounts 3.4 are respectively provided at both ends of bolster composition 3; vertical hydraulic shock absorbers 11 are connected between side frame vertical hydraulic shock absorber mounts 2.4 and bolster vertical hydraulic shock absorber mounts 3.4 on the same side, and the damping parameters of the vertical hydraulic shock absorbers are 60-100 kN.s/m.
  • One end of the vertical hydraulic shock absorber 11 is installed on the side frame vertical hydraulic shock absorber mounting seat 2.4 in the side frame composition 2, and the other end is mounted on the bolster vertical hydraulic shock absorber mounting seat 3.4 of the bolster composition 3 to provide the damping required by the vehicle vibration, which can effectively attenuate the vertical vibration of the vehicle and improve the dynamic performance of the vehicle.
  • the side frame body 2.1 of the side frame composition 2 is symmetrically provided with side frame transverse hydraulic shock absorber mounts 2.5 in the middle of the inner wall, and the two outer surfaces of the bolster composition 3 are provided with bolster transverse hydraulic shock absorber mounts 3.5; the lateral hydraulic shock absorber 12 is connected between the side frame transverse hydraulic shock absorber mount 2.5 and the bolster transverse hydraulic shock absorber mount 3.5 on the same side, and the damping parameter of the transverse hydraulic shock absorber is 10-30 kN.s/m.
  • One end of the lateral hydraulic shock absorber 12 is installed on the side frame lateral hydraulic shock absorber mounting seat 2.5 in the side frame composition 2, and the other end is mounted on the bolster lateral hydraulic shock absorber mounting seat 3.5 of the bolster composition 3 to provide the damping required for vehicle vibration, effectively attenuate the lateral vibration of the vehicle, and improve the dynamic performance of the vehicle.
  • the bolster traction rod mounting seats 3.3 at both ends of the bolster composition 3 are arranged diagonally with respect to the central axis of the lower center plate 3.1; the bolster vertical hydraulic damper mounting seats 3.4 at both ends of the bolster composition 3 are arranged diagonally with respect to the central axis of the lower center plate 3.1;
  • the two ends of the bottom of the bolster component 3 are respectively provided with a bolster cylinder 3.6, and the two ends of the top of the lower swing device 5 are respectively provided with a spring tray 5.1 corresponding to the bolster cylinder 3.6;
  • the bottom of the bolster component 3 is provided with two symmetrically arranged first transverse elastic stops 3.7
  • the top of the lower swing device 5 is also provided with two second transverse elastic stops 5.2 arranged correspondingly to the first transverse elastic stops 3.7.
  • the two ends of the bottom of the lower swing device 5 are respectively provided with rocking seats 5.3 located below the spring tray 5.1, and the bottom of the rocking seat 5.3 is provided with a rocking seat support 5.4;
  • the spring tray and the swing seat are connected as a whole by bolts, and the swing seat support 5.4 is installed on the installation platform of the lower swing device of the side frame composition 2, and forms a lateral swing mechanism with the side frame composition 2 and the axle box elastic suspension device 8, so that the two side frame composition 2 becomes a suspender that can swing synchronously in the lateral direction, which increases the lateral flexibility of the vehicle and improves the lateral movement of the vehicle.
  • the mechanical properties can effectively improve the lateral stability and reduce the wear of the wheels.
  • the second lateral elastic stopper 5.2 and the first lateral elastic stopper 3.7 composed of the bolster form an overall lateral stopper structure, which limits excessive lateral movement and reduces lateral impact.
  • the lower swing device 5 is made of high-strength steel plate, on which the second transverse elastic stopper 5.2 is welded.
  • the spring tray is a cylinder structure, the rocking seat is a casting or forging, and the two ends are arc supporting structures. The rocking seat is supported in an arc box-shaped structure.
  • the axle box elastic suspension device 8 includes a bearing saddle 8.1, the top of the bearing saddle 8.1 is provided with an axle box spring 8.2, and the two sides of the bearing saddle 8.1 are provided with longitudinal elastic pads 8.3;
  • the bearing saddle 8.1 of the axle box elastic suspension device 8 is located on the bearing of the wheel set 2 to form a rotation, and the top of the axle box spring 8.2 and the longitudinal elastic pad 8.3 are installed in the side frame guide frame to form the elastic positioning structure of the wheel set 2, providing suitable longitudinal and lateral positioning stiffness for the wheel set, ensuring excellent snaking motion stability and good curve passing performance.
  • the central spring composition 9 includes a spring group formed by an outer circle spring 9.1 and an inner circle spring 9.2.
  • the top of the spring group is provided with an upper clamping plate 9.3, and the bottom end of the spring group is provided with a lower clamping plate 9.4.
  • a locking member 9.5 that runs through the middle of the spring group is provided, and the locking member 9.5 is used to apply a pre-tightening force to the spring group;
  • An elastic pad 9.6 is arranged between them;
  • the locking part 9.5 includes a bolt 9.51 and a slotted nut 9.52.
  • the rod portion of the bolt 9.51 passes through the middle part of the lower clamping plate 9.4 and extends upwards through the spring group, and then passes through the middle part of the upper clamping plate 9.3 to be locked and connected with the slotted nut 9.52.
  • the central spring consists of upper and lower splints and fasteners to compress the spring group to a predetermined height.
  • the central spring component 9 has a very large vertical deflection, and the elastic pad 9.6 can effectively isolate the high-frequency vibration of the vehicle and improve the stability of the vehicle.
  • the outer diameter of the outer circular spring is 350-500mm
  • the spring diameter is 25-50mm
  • the upper and lower splints are 8-12mm steel plate pressing parts
  • a groove with a depth of 40-60mm is pressed in the middle
  • the elastic pad is a hollow cylinder structure with a vertical stiffness of 60-100MN/m.
  • the traction rod assembly 10 includes a traction rod body 10.1, two ends of the traction rod body 10.1 are provided with mounting holes 10.2, and each mounting hole 10.2 is equipped with an elastic ball hinge 10.3.
  • the elastic ball hinge 10.3 is interference press-fitted in the mounting holes 10.2 at both ends of the traction rod body 10.1.
  • the hole axis of the elastic ball hinge 10.3 bolt is parallel to the length direction of the traction rod body 10.1.
  • the end is connected with the bolster traction rod mounting seat 3.3 by high-strength bolts, and the longitudinal force between the side frame component 2 and the bolster component 3 is transmitted.

Abstract

一种高动态性能铁路货车转向架，包括两组轮对组成(1)、两个侧架组成(2)、摇枕组成(3)、两个弹性旁承组成(4)、下摆动装置(5)以及基础制动装置(6)；轮对组成(1)的两端分别设置有轴承(7)，侧架组成(2)的两端分别通过轴箱弹性悬挂装置(8)安装在位于两组轮对组成(1)同侧的轴承(7)上；两个弹性旁承组成(4)对称设置在摇枕组成(3)的两侧；下摆动装置(5)的两端分别安装在两个侧架组成(2)之间，摇枕组成(3)的两端分别通过中央弹簧组成(9)安装在下摆动装置(5)上；基础制动装置(6)通过制动吊杆吊挂在摇枕组成(3)的支点座上；侧架组成(2)与摇枕组成(3)之间还设置有牵引拉杆组成(10)、垂向液压减振器(11)以及横向液压减振器(12)。该转向架具有良好的动态性能、平稳性好，满足特殊货物运输以及车上人员长期作业的舒适性需求。

Description

高动态性能铁路货车转向架 技术领域
本发明涉及转向架的技术领域，具体涉及一种高动态性能铁路货车转向架。
背景技术
铁路货车转向架是铁路货车的关键部件，而且在车辆的组成中也是相对独立的部件，因而对各种车辆具有较大的适应性。对货车转向架的一般要求是：结构简单，动态性能良好，制造成本低廉，检修维护方便。
货车转向架普遍采用三大件式转向架，主要由侧架、摇枕、轮对、斜楔减振装置、基础制动装置、抗菱装置以及旁承等组成，结构简单，制造和检修成本低廉，动态性能可以满足货物运输的需求。
随着社会经济的发展，部分货物运输需要比较好的动态性能以及押运人员，传统货车转向架平稳性差，平稳性指标低，满足不了货物运输和人员长期作业的要求。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于克服上述背景技术的不足，提供一种高动态性能铁路货车转向架，该转向架具有良好的动态性能、平稳性好，满足特殊货物运输以及车上人员长期作业的舒适性需求。
为实现上述目的，本发明所设计的一种高动态性能铁路货车转向架，包括两组轮对组成、两个侧架组成、摇枕组成、两个弹性旁承组成、下摆动装置以及基础制动装置；所述轮对组成的两端分别设置有轴承，所述侧架组成的两端分别通过轴箱弹性悬挂装置安装在位于两组轮对组成同侧的轴承上；
两个所述弹性旁承组成对称设置在摇枕组成的两侧；所述下摆动装置的两端分别安装在两个侧架组成之间，所述摇枕组成的两端分别通过中央弹簧组成安装在下摆动装置上；
所述基础制动装置通过制动吊杆吊挂在摇枕组成的支点座上；所述侧架组成与摇枕组成之间还设置有牵引拉杆组成、垂向液压减振器以及横向液压减振器。
进一步地，所述侧架组成具有中部朝向上开口的侧架本体，所述侧架组成的两端分别具有朝向下开口的侧架导向框，位于其中一个所述侧架导向框的上方设置有侧架牵引拉杆安装座；
所述摇枕组成的顶部中心设置有下心盘，所述下心盘的两侧分别设置有旁承盒，所述弹性旁承组成对应安装在旁承盒上；
所述摇枕组成的两端分别设置有向外延伸布置的摇枕牵引拉杆安装座，所述侧架牵引拉 杆安装座与位于同侧的摇枕牵引拉杆安装座之间连接有牵引拉杆组成。
进一步地，所述侧架组成的外侧中部设置有侧架垂向液压减振器安装座，所述摇枕组成的两端分别设置有摇枕垂向液压减振器安装座；
所述侧架垂向液压减振器安装座与位于同侧的摇枕垂向液压减振器安装座之间连接有垂向液压减振器。
进一步地，所述侧架组成的侧架本体内壁中部对称设置有侧架横向液压减振器安装座，所述摇枕组成的两外侧面上设置有摇枕横向液压减振器安装座；
所述侧架横向液压减振器安装座与位于同侧的摇枕横向液压减振器安装座之间连接有横向液压减振器。
进一步地，所述摇枕组成两端的摇枕牵引拉杆安装座相对于下心盘的中轴线呈对角线布置；
所述摇枕组成两端的摇枕垂向液压减振器安装座相对于下心盘的中轴线呈对角线布置；
所述摇枕组成两侧面的摇枕横向液压减振器安装座相对于下心盘的中轴线呈对角线布置。
进一步地，所述摇枕组成的底部两端分别设置有摇枕筒体，所述下摆动装置的顶部两端分别设置有与摇枕筒体相对应布置的弹簧托盘；
所述中央弹簧组成的顶部安装在摇枕组成的摇枕筒体内，所述中央弹簧组成的底部安装在下摆动装置的弹簧托盘内。
进一步地，所述摇枕组成的底部还设置有两个对称布置的第一横向弹性止挡，所述下摆动装置的顶部还设置有两个与第一横向弹性止挡相对应布置的第二横向弹性止挡。
进一步地，所述下摆动装置的底部两端分别设置有位于弹簧托盘下方的摇动座，所述摇动座的下方设置有摇动座支承；所述侧架组成的中部设置有用于安装下摆动装置的安装平台。
再进一步地，所述轴箱弹性悬挂装置包括承载鞍，所述承载鞍的顶部设置有轴箱弹簧，所述承载鞍的两侧设置有纵向弹性垫；
所述牵引拉杆组成包括牵引拉杆本体，所述牵引拉杆本体的两端设置有安装孔，每个所述安装孔内装配有弹性球铰。
更进一步地，所述中央弹簧组成包括外圆弹簧和内圆弹簧形成的弹簧组，所述弹簧组的顶端设置有上夹板，所述弹簧组的底端设置有下夹板，所述上夹板与下夹板之间设置有贯穿弹簧组中部的锁紧件，所述锁紧件用于对弹簧组施加预紧力；所述下夹板与外圆弹簧和内圆弹簧形成的弹簧组之间设置有弹性垫；
所述锁紧件包括螺栓和开槽螺母，所述螺栓的杆部穿过下夹板的中部向上延伸通过弹簧 组后穿出上夹板的中部与开槽螺母锁紧连接。
与现有技术相比，本发明具有如下优点：
其一，本发明高动态性能铁路货车转向架设计有牵引拉杆组成、垂向液压减振器、横向液压减振器，具有良好的动态性能、平稳性好，有效解决了传统货车转向架平稳性指标低、人员乘坐舒适性差的缺点，可以满足特殊货物运输以及车上人员长期作业的舒适性需求。
其二，本发明的垂向液压减振器的一端安装在侧架组成中的侧架垂向液压减振器安装座上，一端安装在摇枕组成的摇枕垂向液压减振器安装座上，提供车辆振动所需的阻尼，可有效衰减车辆的垂向振动，提高车辆动态性能。
其三，本发明的横向液压减振器一端安装在侧架组成中的侧架横向液压减振器安装座上，一端安装在摇枕组成的摇枕横向液压减振器安装座上，提供车辆振动所需的阻尼，可有效衰减车辆的横向振动，提高车辆动态性能。
其四，本发明高动态性能铁路货车转向架的摇枕组成的摇枕组成的两端分别通过中央弹簧组成安装在下摆动装置上，可以用于安装大挠度的弹簧，进一步提升了弹簧的挠度，且能限制弹簧的位移，提高横移定位刚度。
其五，本发明高动态性能铁路货车转向架还设置有两个对称布置的第一横向弹性止挡和第二横向弹性止挡，可以限制横向的过大横移，并且可以降低横向的冲击。
其六，本发明的轴箱弹性悬挂装置的承载鞍坐落在轮对组成的轴承上形成转动，轴箱弹簧顶部和纵向弹性垫安装在侧架导向框内，形成轮对组成的弹性定位结构，为轮对提供合适的纵向和横向定位刚度，确保优异的蛇行运动稳定型和良好的曲线通过性能。
其七，本发明的中央弹簧组成上下采用上下夹板和紧固件使弹簧组压缩到预定高度，中央弹簧组成具有非常大的垂向挠度，弹性垫可有效隔离车辆的高频振动，提高车辆的平稳性。
其八，本发明的牵引拉杆组成一端采用高强度螺栓与侧架牵引拉杆安装座连接，一端采用高强度螺栓与摇枕牵引拉杆安装座连接，传递侧架组成和摇枕组成之间的纵向力。
附图说明
图1为一种高动态性能铁路货车转向架的结构示意图；
图2为侧架组成的结构示意图；
图3为摇枕组成的结构示意图；
图4为图3所示摇枕组成另一角度的结构示意图；
图5为下摆动装置的结构示意图；
图6为轴箱弹性悬挂装置的结构示意图；
图7为中央弹簧组成的结构示意图；
图8为牵引拉杆组成的结构示意图；
图中：轮对组成1、侧架组成2(侧架本体2.1、侧架导向框2.2、侧架牵引拉杆安装座2.3、侧架垂向液压减振器安装座2.4、侧架横向液压减振器安装座2.5、安装平台2.6)、摇枕组成3(下心盘3.1、旁承盒3.2、摇枕牵引拉杆安装座3.3、摇枕垂向液压减振器安装座3.4、摇枕横向液压减振器安装座3.5、摇枕筒体3.6、第一横向弹性止挡3.7)、弹性旁承组成4、下摆动装置5(弹簧托盘5.1、第二横向弹性止挡5.2)、基础制动装置6、轴承7、轴箱弹性悬挂装置8(承载鞍8.1、轴箱弹簧8.2、纵向弹性垫8.3)、中央弹簧组成9(外圆弹簧9.1、内圆弹簧9.2、上夹板9.3、下夹板9.4、锁紧件9.5、螺栓9.51、弹性垫9.6、开槽螺母9.52)、牵引拉杆组成10(牵引拉杆本体10.1、安装孔10.2、弹性球铰10.3)、垂向液压减振器11、横向液压减振器12。
具体实施方式
下面结合实施案例详细说明本发明的实施情况，但它们并不构成对本发明的限定，仅作举例而已。同时通过说明本发明的优点将变得更加清楚和容易理解。
如图1所示的一种高动态性能铁路货车转向架，包括两组轮对组成1、两个侧架组成2、摇枕组成3、两个弹性旁承组成4、下摆动装置5以及基础制动装置6；轮对组成1包含一根车轴和两条车轮，轮对组成的两端分别设置有轴承7，侧架组成2的两端分别通过轴箱弹性悬挂装置8安装在位于两组轮对组成1同侧的轴承7上；
两个弹性旁承组成4对称设置在摇枕组成3的两侧；下摆动装置5的两端分别安装在两个侧架组成2之间，摇枕组成3的两端分别通过中央弹簧组成9安装在下摆动装置5上；基础制动装置6通过制动吊杆吊挂在摇枕组成3的支点座上，基础制动装置6基础制动装置包含两根制动梁、一根中拉杆、一根游动杠杆、一根固定杠杆，用于传递车辆制动力，使车辆在规定距离内停车。侧架组成2与摇枕组成3之间还设置有牵引拉杆组成10、垂向液压减振器11以及横向液压减振器12。
如图2～图5所示，侧架组成2具有中部朝向上开口的侧架本体2.1，侧架本体2.1为U型开口无上弦杆结构，侧架组成2的两端分别具有朝向下开口的侧架导向框2.2，位于其中一个侧架导向框2.2的上方设置有侧架牵引拉杆安装座2.3；摇枕组成3的顶部中心设置有下心盘3.1，下心盘3.1的两侧分别设置有旁承盒3.2，弹性旁承组成4对应安装在旁承盒3.2上；弹性旁承组成4安装在摇枕组成3的旁承盒3.2内，为车辆提供稳定的回转阻尼，确保车辆具有良好的蛇行稳定性，另弹性旁承组成4具有较大的弹性挠度，可以使车辆较好的适应扭 曲线路。弹性旁承组成包含弹性旁承体、纵向锁紧斜铁，弹性旁承组成的垂向刚度为1.4-2.5MN/m。
摇枕组成3的两端分别设置有向外延伸布置的摇枕牵引拉杆安装座3.3，侧架牵引拉杆安装座2.3与位于同侧的摇枕牵引拉杆安装座3.3之间连接有牵引拉杆组成10。
上述技术方案中，侧架组成2的外侧中部设置有侧架垂向液压减振器安装座2.4，摇枕组成3的两端分别设置有摇枕垂向液压减振器安装座3.4；侧架垂向液压减振器安装座2.4与位于同侧的摇枕垂向液压减振器安装座3.4之间连接有垂向液压减振器11，垂向液压减振器阻尼参数为60-100kN.s/m。垂向液压减振器11的一端安装在侧架组成2中的侧架垂向液压减振器安装座2.4上，一端安装在摇枕组成3的摇枕垂向液压减振器安装座3.4上，提供车辆振动所需的阻尼，可有效衰减车辆的垂向振动，提高车辆动态性能。
上述技术方案中，侧架组成2的侧架本体2.1内壁中部对称设置有侧架横向液压减振器安装座2.5，摇枕组成3的两外侧面上设置有摇枕横向液压减振器安装座3.5；侧架横向液压减振器安装座2.5与位于同侧的摇枕横向液压减振器安装座3.5之间连接有横向液压减振器12，横向液压减振器阻尼参数为10-30kN.s/m。横向液压减振器12一端安装在侧架组成2中的侧架横向液压减振器安装座2.5上，一端安装在摇枕组成3的摇枕横向液压减振器安装座3.5上，提供车辆振动所需的阻尼，可有效衰减车辆的横向振动，提高车辆动态性能。
上述技术方案中，摇枕组成3两端的摇枕牵引拉杆安装座3.3相对于下心盘3.1的中轴线呈对角线布置；摇枕组成3两端的摇枕垂向液压减振器安装座3.4相对于下心盘3.1的中轴线呈对角线布置；摇枕组成3两侧面的摇枕横向液压减振器安装座3.5相对于下心盘3.1的中轴线呈对角线布置。
上述技术方案中，摇枕组成3的底部两端分别设置有摇枕筒体3.6，下摆动装置5的顶部两端分别设置有与摇枕筒体3.6相对应布置的弹簧托盘5.1；中央弹簧组成9的顶部安装在摇枕组成3的摇枕筒体3.6内，中央弹簧组成9的底部安装在下摆动装置5的弹簧托盘5.1内。
上述技术方案中，摇枕组成3的底部还设置有两个对称布置的第一横向弹性止挡3.7，下摆动装置5的顶部还设置有两个与第一横向弹性止挡3.7相对应布置的第二横向弹性止挡5.2。
上述技术方案中，下摆动装置5的底部两端分别设置有位于弹簧托盘5.1下方的摇动座5.3，摇动座5.3的下方设置有摇动座支承5.4；侧架组成2的中部设置有用于安装下摆动装置5的安装平台2.6。弹簧托盘、摇动座通过螺栓连接成一个整体，摇动座支承5.4安装在侧架组成2的下摆动装置的安装平台上，与侧架组成2和轴箱弹性悬挂装置8形成横向摆动机构，使两侧架组成2成为横向可同步摆动的吊杆，增加了车辆的横向柔性，提高了车辆的横向动 力学性能，可有效提高横向的平稳性能和降低车轮磨耗，第二横向弹性止挡5.2与摇枕组成3的第一横向弹性止挡3.7形成整体横向挡结构，限制横向的过大横移并且可以降低横向的冲击。下摆动装置5有高强度钢板压型而成，其上焊接有第二横向弹性止挡5.2，弹簧托盘为筒体结构，摇动座为铸件或锻件，两端为圆弧支撑结构，摇动座支承为圆弧盒状结构。
如图6所示，轴箱弹性悬挂装置8包括承载鞍8.1，承载鞍8.1的顶部设置有轴箱弹簧8.2，承载鞍8.1的两侧设置有纵向弹性垫8.3；承载鞍为铸钢件，顶部有轴箱弹簧安装框，两侧为斜平面，安装纵向弹性垫，轴箱弹簧为钢与橡胶组件，安装在承载鞍顶部框内，纵向弹性垫为钢与橡胶组件，安装在承载鞍两侧。的轴箱弹性悬挂装置8的承载鞍8.1坐落在轮对组成2的轴承上形成转动，轴箱弹簧8.2顶部和纵向弹性垫8.3安装在侧架导向框内，形成轮对组成2的弹性定位结构，为轮对提供合适的纵向和横向定位刚度，确保优异的蛇行运动稳定型和良好的曲线通过性能。
如图7所示，中央弹簧组成9包括外圆弹簧9.1和内圆弹簧9.2形成的弹簧组，弹簧组的顶端设置有上夹板9.3，弹簧组的底端设置有下夹板9.4，上夹板9.3与下夹板9.4之间设置有贯穿弹簧组中部的锁紧件9.5，锁紧件9.5用于对弹簧组施加预紧力；下夹板9.4与外圆弹簧9.1和内圆弹簧9.2形成的弹簧组之间设置有弹性垫9.6；
锁紧件9.5包括螺栓9.51和开槽螺母9.52，螺栓9.51的杆部穿过下夹板9.4的中部向上延伸通过弹簧组后穿出上夹板9.3的中部与开槽螺母9.52锁紧连接。中央弹簧组成上下采用上下夹板和紧固件使弹簧组压缩到预定高度。中央弹簧组成9具有非常大的垂向挠度，弹性垫9.6可有效隔离车辆的高频振动，提高车辆的平稳性。本实施例中，外圆弹簧外径350-500mm，簧径25-50mm，上、下夹板为8-12mm的钢板压型件，中间压出一深度40-60mm的凹槽，弹性垫为空心柱体结构，垂向刚度60-100MN/m。
如图8所示，牵引拉杆组成10包括牵引拉杆本体10.1，牵引拉杆本体10.1的两端设置有安装孔10.2，每个安装孔10.2内装配有弹性球铰10.3。弹性球铰10.3过盈压装在牵引拉杆本体10.1两端的安装孔10.2内，弹性球铰10.3螺栓的孔轴线与牵引拉杆本体10.1长度方向平行，弹性球铰10.3的径向刚度15MN/m-45MN/m，偏转角度范围±6°，扭转角度范围±3°；牵引拉杆组成10一端采用高强度螺栓与侧架牵引拉杆安装座2.3连接，一端采用高强度螺栓与摇枕牵引拉杆安装座3.3连接，传递侧架组成2和摇枕组成3之间的纵向力。
以上，仅为本发明的具体实施方式，应当指出，任何熟悉本领域的技术人员在本发明所揭示的技术范围内，可轻易想到的变化或替换，都应涵盖在本发明的保护范围之内，其余未详细说明的为现有技术。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种高动态性能铁路货车转向架，其特征在于：包括两组轮对组成(1)、两个侧架组成(2)、摇枕组成(3)、两个弹性旁承组成(4)、下摆动装置(5)以及基础制动装置(6)；所述轮对组成(1)的两端分别设置有轴承(7)，所述侧架组成(2)的两端分别通过轴箱弹性悬挂装置(8)安装在位于两组轮对组成(1)同侧的轴承(7)上；
    两个所述弹性旁承组成(4)对称设置在摇枕组成(3)的两侧；所述下摆动装置(5)的两端分别安装在两个侧架组成(2)之间，所述摇枕组成(3)的两端分别通过中央弹簧组成(9)安装在下摆动装置(5)上；
    所述基础制动装置(6)通过制动吊杆吊挂在摇枕组成(3)的支点座上；所述侧架组成(2)与摇枕组成(3)之间还设置有牵引拉杆组成(10)、垂向液压减振器(11)以及横向液压减振器(12)。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的高动态性能铁路货车转向架，其特征在于：所述侧架组成(2)具有中部朝向上开口的侧架本体(2.1)，所述侧架组成(2)的两端分别具有朝向下开口的侧架导向框(2.2)，位于其中一个所述侧架导向框(2.2)的上方设置有侧架牵引拉杆安装座(2.3)；
    所述摇枕组成(3)的顶部中心设置有下心盘(3.1)，所述下心盘(3.1)的两侧分别设置有旁承盒(3.2)，所述弹性旁承组成(4)对应安装在旁承盒(3.2)上；
    所述摇枕组成(3)的两端分别设置有向外延伸布置的摇枕牵引拉杆安装座(3.3)，所述侧架牵引拉杆安装座(2.3)与位于同侧的摇枕牵引拉杆安装座(3.3)之间连接有牵引拉杆组成(10)。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的高动态性能铁路货车转向架，其特征在于：所述侧架组成(2)的外侧中部设置有侧架垂向液压减振器安装座(2.4)，所述摇枕组成(3)的两端分别设置有摇枕垂向液压减振器安装座(3.4)；
    所述侧架垂向液压减振器安装座(2.4)与位于同侧的摇枕垂向液压减振器安装座(3.4)之间连接有垂向液压减振器(11)。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的高动态性能铁路货车转向架，其特征在于：所述侧架组成(2)的侧架本体(2.1)内壁中部对称设置有侧架横向液压减振器安装座(2.5)，所述摇枕组成(3) 的两外侧面上设置有摇枕横向液压减振器安装座(3.5)；
    所述侧架横向液压减振器安装座(2.5)与位于同侧的摇枕横向液压减振器安装座(3.5)之间连接有横向液压减振器(12)。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的高动态性能铁路货车转向架，其特征在于：所述摇枕组成(3)两端的摇枕牵引拉杆安装座(3.3)相对于下心盘(3.1)的中轴线呈对角线布置；
    所述摇枕组成(3)两端的摇枕垂向液压减振器安装座(3.4)相对于下心盘(3.1)的中轴线呈对角线布置；
    所述摇枕组成(3)两侧面的摇枕横向液压减振器安装座(3.5)相对于下心盘(3.1)的中轴线呈对角线布置。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的高动态性能铁路货车转向架，其特征在于：所述摇枕组成(3)的底部两端分别设置有摇枕筒体(3.6)，所述下摆动装置(5)的顶部两端分别设置有与摇枕筒体(3.6)相对应布置的弹簧托盘(5.1)；
    所述中央弹簧组成(9)的顶部安装在摇枕组成(3)的摇枕筒体(3.6)内，所述中央弹簧组成(9)的底部安装在下摆动装置(5)的弹簧托盘(5.1)内。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的高动态性能铁路货车转向架，其特征在于：所述摇枕组成(3)的底部还设置有两个对称布置的第一横向弹性止挡(3.7)，所述下摆动装置(5)的顶部还设置有两个与第一横向弹性止挡(3.7)相对应布置的第二横向弹性止挡(5.2)。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的高动态性能铁路货车转向架，其特征在于：所述下摆动装置(5)的底部两端分别设置有位于弹簧托盘(5.1)下方的摇动座(5.3)，所述摇动座(5.3)的下方设置有摇动座支承(5.4)；所述侧架组成(2)的中部设置有用于安装下摆动装置(5)的安装平台(2.6)。
  9. 根据权利要求1～8任一项所述的高动态性能铁路货车转向架，其特征在于：所述轴箱弹性悬挂装置(8)包括承载鞍(8.1)，所述承载鞍(8.1)的顶部设置有轴箱弹簧(8.2)，所述承载鞍(8.1)的两侧设置有纵向弹性垫(8.3)；
    所述牵引拉杆组成(10)包括牵引拉杆本体(10.1)，所述牵引拉杆本体(10.1)的两端 设置有安装孔(10.2)，每个所述安装孔(10.2)内装配有弹性球铰(10.3)。
  10. 根据权利要求1～8任一项所述的高动态性能铁路货车转向架，其特征在于：所述中央弹簧组成(9)包括外圆弹簧(9.1)和内圆弹簧(9.2)形成的弹簧组，所述弹簧组的顶端设置有上夹板(9.3)，所述弹簧组的底端设置有下夹板(9.4)，所述上夹板(9.3)与下夹板(9.4)之间设置有贯穿弹簧组中部的锁紧件(9.5)，所述锁紧件(9.5)用于对弹簧组施加预紧力；所述下夹板(9.4)与外圆弹簧(9.1)和内圆弹簧(9.2)形成的弹簧组之间设置有弹性垫(9.6)；
    所述锁紧件(9.5)包括螺栓(9.51)和开槽螺母(9.52)，所述螺栓(9.51)的杆部穿过下夹板(9.4)的中部向上延伸通过弹簧组后穿出上夹板(9.3)的中部与开槽螺母(9.52)锁紧连接。
PCT/CN2023/072672 2022-01-19 2023-01-17 高动态性能铁路货车转向架 WO2023138584A1 (zh)

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