WO2023138044A1 - Flexible micro support pillar for vacuum insulating glass and vacuum insulating glass - Google Patents

Flexible micro support pillar for vacuum insulating glass and vacuum insulating glass Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023138044A1
WO2023138044A1 PCT/CN2022/113328 CN2022113328W WO2023138044A1 WO 2023138044 A1 WO2023138044 A1 WO 2023138044A1 CN 2022113328 W CN2022113328 W CN 2022113328W WO 2023138044 A1 WO2023138044 A1 WO 2023138044A1
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Prior art keywords
flexible
micropillar
glass
micro
pillar
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PCT/CN2022/113328
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French (fr)
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
丁原杰
叶舒
陈琦
王文锋
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福耀高性能玻璃科技(福建)有限公司
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Publication of WO2023138044A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023138044A1/en

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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E06—DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
    • E06B—FIXED OR MOVABLE CLOSURES FOR OPENINGS IN BUILDINGS, VEHICLES, FENCES OR LIKE ENCLOSURES IN GENERAL, e.g. DOORS, WINDOWS, BLINDS, GATES
    • E06B3/00—Window sashes, door leaves, or like elements for closing wall or like openings; Layout of fixed or moving closures, e.g. windows in wall or like openings; Features of rigidly-mounted outer frames relating to the mounting of wing frames
    • E06B3/66—Units comprising two or more parallel glass or like panes permanently secured together
    • E06B3/663—Elements for spacing panes
    • E06B3/66304—Discrete spacing elements, e.g. for evacuated glazing units
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
    • C03C27/00—Joining pieces of glass to pieces of other inorganic material; Joining glass to glass other than by fusing
    • C03C27/06—Joining glass to glass by processes other than fusing
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E06—DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
    • E06B—FIXED OR MOVABLE CLOSURES FOR OPENINGS IN BUILDINGS, VEHICLES, FENCES OR LIKE ENCLOSURES IN GENERAL, e.g. DOORS, WINDOWS, BLINDS, GATES
    • E06B3/00—Window sashes, door leaves, or like elements for closing wall or like openings; Layout of fixed or moving closures, e.g. windows in wall or like openings; Features of rigidly-mounted outer frames relating to the mounting of wing frames
    • E06B3/66—Units comprising two or more parallel glass or like panes permanently secured together
    • E06B3/663—Elements for spacing panes
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E06—DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
    • E06B—FIXED OR MOVABLE CLOSURES FOR OPENINGS IN BUILDINGS, VEHICLES, FENCES OR LIKE ENCLOSURES IN GENERAL, e.g. DOORS, WINDOWS, BLINDS, GATES
    • E06B3/00—Window sashes, door leaves, or like elements for closing wall or like openings; Layout of fixed or moving closures, e.g. windows in wall or like openings; Features of rigidly-mounted outer frames relating to the mounting of wing frames
    • E06B3/66—Units comprising two or more parallel glass or like panes permanently secured together
    • E06B3/67—Units comprising two or more parallel glass or like panes permanently secured together characterised by additional arrangements or devices for heat or sound insulation or for controlled passage of light
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E06—DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
    • E06B—FIXED OR MOVABLE CLOSURES FOR OPENINGS IN BUILDINGS, VEHICLES, FENCES OR LIKE ENCLOSURES IN GENERAL, e.g. DOORS, WINDOWS, BLINDS, GATES
    • E06B3/00—Window sashes, door leaves, or like elements for closing wall or like openings; Layout of fixed or moving closures, e.g. windows in wall or like openings; Features of rigidly-mounted outer frames relating to the mounting of wing frames
    • E06B3/66—Units comprising two or more parallel glass or like panes permanently secured together
    • E06B3/67—Units comprising two or more parallel glass or like panes permanently secured together characterised by additional arrangements or devices for heat or sound insulation or for controlled passage of light
    • E06B3/6707—Units comprising two or more parallel glass or like panes permanently secured together characterised by additional arrangements or devices for heat or sound insulation or for controlled passage of light specially adapted for increased acoustical insulation
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E06—DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
    • E06B—FIXED OR MOVABLE CLOSURES FOR OPENINGS IN BUILDINGS, VEHICLES, FENCES OR LIKE ENCLOSURES IN GENERAL, e.g. DOORS, WINDOWS, BLINDS, GATES
    • E06B3/00—Window sashes, door leaves, or like elements for closing wall or like openings; Layout of fixed or moving closures, e.g. windows in wall or like openings; Features of rigidly-mounted outer frames relating to the mounting of wing frames
    • E06B3/66—Units comprising two or more parallel glass or like panes permanently secured together
    • E06B3/67—Units comprising two or more parallel glass or like panes permanently secured together characterised by additional arrangements or devices for heat or sound insulation or for controlled passage of light
    • E06B3/6715—Units comprising two or more parallel glass or like panes permanently secured together characterised by additional arrangements or devices for heat or sound insulation or for controlled passage of light specially adapted for increased thermal insulation or for controlled passage of light
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E06—DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
    • E06B—FIXED OR MOVABLE CLOSURES FOR OPENINGS IN BUILDINGS, VEHICLES, FENCES OR LIKE ENCLOSURES IN GENERAL, e.g. DOORS, WINDOWS, BLINDS, GATES
    • E06B3/00—Window sashes, door leaves, or like elements for closing wall or like openings; Layout of fixed or moving closures, e.g. windows in wall or like openings; Features of rigidly-mounted outer frames relating to the mounting of wing frames
    • E06B3/66—Units comprising two or more parallel glass or like panes permanently secured together
    • E06B3/673—Assembling the units
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B80/00—Architectural or constructional elements improving the thermal performance of buildings
    • Y02B80/22—Glazing, e.g. vaccum glazing

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a flexible micro-pillar for vacuum glass and vacuum glass, belonging to the technical field of vacuum glass.
  • Vacuum glass is composed of three components, including glass plates, surrounding packaging materials, and tiny pillars. It has a vacuum interlayer formed by at least two pieces of glass. Usually, the vacuum interlayer is surrounded by materials that can maintain airtightness in a vacuum for a long time, such as low melting point packaging glass. An appropriate number of tiny pillars need to be arranged in the vacuum interlayer to support the glass plates on both sides to avoid being crushed or bent by atmospheric pressure.
  • the thickness of the cavity in the vacuum interlayer is generally controlled below 0.3mm, because this thickness is about the lower limit that can form heat convection in the cavity. Below this thickness, heat convection can be avoided and heat transfer can be isolated.
  • the diameter of the tiny pillars is generally controlled between 0.2-0.5mm.
  • Vacuum glass has the following advantages: 1 It has an extremely low heat transfer coefficient. Taking vacuum glass for construction as an example, it can be as low as 0.8W/m 2 ⁇ K. It is currently the product with the best heat insulation effect in architectural glass; 2 It is the product with the best sound insulation among transparent materials at present, and its weighted sound insulation can reach 35dB; 3 It is not easy to produce dew condensation in a high-humidity environment.
  • the heat conduction of the gas molecules can be ignored.
  • the surrounding package uses a frame structure to strengthen the heat barrier and is equipped with a glass plate coated with an anti-radiation film, the only factor that can cause heat conduction is the tiny support.
  • most of the commercially produced vacuum glass uses stainless steel metal support or ceramic support, both of which are good conductors of sound, greatly reducing the sound insulation function of the vacuum glass.
  • the heat transfer coefficient of the former is about 17W/m K
  • the heat transfer coefficient of the latter is more than 2.7W/m K, both of which are high thermal conductivity materials.
  • FIG. 1 A typical prior art is shown in Figure 1.
  • the main function of the tiny pillars is to support the structure of the vacuum layer and resist atmospheric pressure.
  • the two most important functions of heat insulation and sound insulation of vacuum glass also form a short board.
  • the tiny pillars themselves form thermal bridges and sound bridges on both sides of the vacuum layer, reducing the effectiveness of heat insulation and sound insulation of vacuum glass.
  • the materials of the tiny pillars are mostly made of stronger materials.
  • the most common materials are glass, ceramics, stainless steel, etc.
  • the position where the tiny pillars are in contact with the glass plate in the vacuum layer is the stress concentration point that bears the atmospheric pressure. If the material strength of the tiny pillars is not strong enough and the hardness is weaker than the glass plate, they will be crushed because they cannot withstand the atmospheric pressure, such as glass beads or glass micropillars.
  • the material of the micro-pillar is too strong, such as some superhard ceramics (silicon carbide, silicon nitride, etc.) or high-hardness carbon steel and tungsten steel, the glass at the contact position between the glass plate and the micro-pillar will be scratched and worn, and cracks will appear in severe cases.
  • some superhard ceramics silicon carbide, silicon nitride, etc.
  • high-hardness carbon steel and tungsten steel the glass at the contact position between the glass plate and the micro-pillar will be scratched and worn, and cracks will appear in severe cases.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a tiny pillar for vacuum glass, which is made of glass fiber material and can provide good sound insulation effect.
  • the object of the present invention is also to provide a vacuum glass using the above-mentioned tiny pillars.
  • the present invention proposes to use the glass fiber layer in the flexible micro-pillar of vacuum glass.
  • the present invention provides a flexible micro-pillar for vacuum glass, wherein the flexible micro-pillar has at least one glass fiber layer.
  • the flexible micropillar has a composite structure composed of more than two glass fiber layers.
  • the flexible micropillar has a composite structure composed of at least two glass fiber layers and at least one metal layer and/or alloy layer, and the metal layer and/or alloy layer is located between the two glass fiber layers.
  • the flexible micropillar has a composite structure consisting of at least three layers of glass fiber layers and at least two layers of metal layers and/or alloy layers, wherein the metal layers and/or alloy layers are arranged at intervals between the glass fiber layers.
  • the thickness of the glass fiber layer is 0.1 mm to 3.0 mm.
  • the thickness of the metal layer or alloy layer is less than 0.3 mm, more preferably 0.01 mm to 0.3 mm.
  • the diameter of the flexible micropillar is 0.2mm-2.0mm; preferably 0.2mm-0.5mm.
  • the thermal conductivity of the flexible micropillars is ⁇ 1W/m ⁇ K (25°C).
  • the glass fiber layer is made of ultrafine glass fibers.
  • the thermal conductivity of the glass fiber layer is ⁇ 0.03W/m ⁇ K (25°C).
  • the specific surface area of the glass fiber layer is 700-800 m 2 /g.
  • the material of the metal layer includes one of aluminum, copper, iron, tin, and zinc.
  • the material of the alloy layer includes an alloy of two or more elements among aluminum, copper, iron, tin, and zinc.
  • the present invention also provides a vacuum glass, which adopts the above-mentioned flexible micro pillars as the micro pillars of the vacuum cavity.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the vacuum glass structure and heat transfer.
  • Figure 2A and Figure 2B show the microstructure inside the airgel.
  • Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the flexible micropillar structure.
  • Fig. 4 is a relationship curve between the thermal conductivity k value of the flexible micropillar and the thermal conductivity U value of the vacuum glass.
  • Fig. 5A and Fig. 5B are views of the flexible micro-pillars produced after passing through the die respectively, wherein Fig. 5A is a front view, and Fig. 5B is a side view.
  • An embodiment of one aspect of the present invention relates to a flexible micro-pillar for vacuum glass, wherein the flexible micro-pillar has at least one glass fiber layer.
  • the present invention uses a glass fiber layer (or glass fiber cloth) composed of glass fibers.
  • This glass fiber layer has characteristics similar to airgel, and its thickness can be made between 0.3-2.0mm.
  • the glass fiber layer may be made of ultrafine glass fibers.
  • the material of ultra-fine glass fiber can be one or more combinations of silicate glass such as aluminosilicate glass, borosilicate glass, soda lime glass, borosilicate glass and quartz glass.
  • silicate glass such as aluminosilicate glass, borosilicate glass, soda lime glass, borosilicate glass and quartz glass.
  • the glass fiber is made of silicate glass, as long as the fiber is fine enough, it can be blended into glass fiber cloth to be used as the glass fiber layer of the present invention, and can exhibit strong elasticity and heat insulation effect.
  • the surface of the fiber can be treated with hydrophobicity (hydrophobic treatment can be carried out in a conventional way).
  • the sheet-like material composed of this ultrafine glass fiber is also a micro-nano material, which has very good heat insulation and sound absorption performance.
  • microstructure can be seen in Figure 2A and Figure 2B.
  • This micro-nano fiber structure can form a large-area sheet similar to paper or cloth, which can be manufactured in a roll-to-roll manner.
  • the formed sheet has good flexibility and toughness.
  • the elasticity can be restored to its original shape.
  • the material microstructure inside the glass fiber layer is mainly composed of air and microfibers (as shown in Figure 2A and Figure 2B).
  • the present invention adopts the glass fiber layer as a component of the flexible micro-pillar used in vacuum glass.
  • This microstructure of the glass fiber layer can be used to make the glass fiber layer beneficial to heat insulation and sound wave absorption, while providing elasticity and toughness when impacted by external forces.
  • the flexible micropillar preferably has a composite structure composed of more than two glass fiber layers.
  • the composite structure composed of multiple glass fiber layers can be formed by sticking and superimposing the glass fiber layers.
  • the ultra-fine glass fiber layer has a micro-nano network pore structure and is a good thermal insulation material.
  • the ultra-fine glass fiber layer can be regarded as an excellent sound-absorbing material
  • the sound-absorbing material does not have the ability to reflect sound waves, and is usually not a good sound-insulating material.
  • Vacuum itself is the best heat insulation and sound insulation state.
  • the transmission of heat or sound waves (vibration waves) depends on the medium. Most of the heat and sound energy are transmitted by the continuous surface of the glass fiber (glass parallel surface), and a small amount of energy is transmitted across the layer of the glass fiber layer (vertical glass plate), so it has the effect of breaking the bridge, and the heat insulation and sound insulation have similar situations. But the wavelength of sound waves is relatively large, especially low-frequency sound, and the thickness of the vacuum layer is very thin, which is not conducive to sound insulation.
  • the flexible micro-pillar of the present invention is composited with a metal layer, an alloy layer and a glass fiber layer, and a metal layer/alloy layer is sandwiched between the glass fiber layers.
  • the net-like pore structure of the glass fiber layer is absorbed, thereby improving the overall sound insulation effect, so that the obtained flexible micro-pillar has good sound insulation function.
  • the ultra-fine glass fiber layer itself is composed of micron-sized short glass fibers, when it is made into flexible micro-pillars and applied to vacuum glass, its weaving direction is parallel to the glass plate, that is, perpendicular to the installation direction of the flexible micro-pillars. Therefore, the direction of these woven layered fibers has the effect of breaking the bridge for heat and sound transmission, and this arrangement itself has the effect of blocking heat and sound waves.
  • this fiber arrangement method also makes the flexible micro-pillars quite compressible. When the flexible micro-pillars are arranged on the glass plate, as shown in Figure 3, if the original height is h, they will bear the pressure of the glass plates on both sides after vacuuming.
  • micro-pillars and the surrounding packaging wall of the vacuum glass share the pressure of one atmospheric pressure in the air.
  • the micro-pillars composed of multi-layer ultra-fine glass fiber cloth will be squeezed.
  • the struts remain elastic. Because the inside of the ultra-fine glass fiber layer is composed of countless long and short fibers intertwined, it still maintains toughness even if it is squeezed by external force.
  • the glass plate itself can be elastically deformed with the external force, and will not be subject to the flexible micro-pillar made of ultra-fine glass fiber layer, and this flexible micro-pillar can help absorb part of the external force like a spring, but it has flexible elasticity, so it will not cause scratches or cracks on the surface of the glass plate.
  • the flexible micropillar has a composite structure composed of at least two layers of glass fiber and at least one metal layer and/or alloy layer, and the metal layer and/or alloy layer is located between the two layers of glass fiber.
  • the total number of metal layers and alloy layers is more than two layers, they can be respectively arranged at intervals between different glass fiber layers.
  • the flexible micropillar has a composite structure composed of at least three layers of glass fiber and at least two layers of metal and/or alloy layers, wherein the metal layer and/or alloy layer are arranged at intervals between the glass fiber layers.
  • the material of the metal layer includes one of aluminum, copper, iron, tin, and zinc; the material of the alloy layer includes an alloy of two or more elements in aluminum, copper, iron, tin, and zinc, wherein the alloy includes stainless steel.
  • the thickness of the glass fiber layer used in the flexible micropillars of the present invention may be 0.1mm to 3.0mm, preferably 1.0mm-3.0mm.
  • the thickness of the glass fiber layer can be 0.1mm, 0.2mm, 0.3mm, 0.4mm, 0.5mm, 0.6mm, 0.7mm, 0.8mm, 0.9mm, 1.0mm, 1.1mm, 1.2mm, 1.3mm, 1.4mm, 1.5mm, 1.6mm, 1.7mm, 1.8mm, 1.9mm, 2.0mm, 2.1mm, 2.2mm, 2.
  • the glass fiber layer has a specific surface area of 700-800 m 2 /g.
  • the specific surface area of the glass fiber layer can be 700m 2 /g, 710m 2 /g, 720m 2 /g, 730m 2 /g, 740m 2 /g, 750m 2 / g, 760m 2 /g, 770m 2 /g, 780m 2 / g, 790m 2 /g, 800m 2 /g, or a value composed of the above-mentioned specific thickness values as endpoints Range, for example: 710-790m 2 /g, 720-780m 2 /g, 730-770m 2 /g, 740-760m 2 /g, etc.
  • the thickness of the metal layer or alloy layer used in the flexible micropillars with a composite structure is less than 0.3 mm, preferably 0.01 mm to 0.3 mm.
  • the thickness of the metal layer or alloy layer can be 0.3mm, 0.2mm, 0.1mm, 0.01mm, or a numerical range based on the above-mentioned specific thickness value as an endpoint, such as 0.2mm to 0.3mm, 0.1mm to 0.3mm, 0.1mm to 0.2mm, 0.01mm to 0.1mm, 0.01mm to 0.2mm, etc.
  • the diameter of the flexible micropillar is 0.2mm-2.0mm; preferably 0.2mm-0.5mm.
  • the diameter of the flexible micropillars can be 0.2mm, 0.3mm, 0.4mm, 0.5mm, 0.6mm, 0.7mm, 0.8mm, 0.9mm, 1.0mm, 1.1mm, 1.2mm, 1.3mm, 1.4mm, 1.5mm, 1.6mm, 1.7mm, 1.8mm, 1.9mm, 2.0mm, or a numerical range composed of the endpoints of the above-mentioned specific thickness values, such as 0.3 mm to 0.9mm, 0.4mm to 1.8mm, 0.5mm to 1.7mm, 0.6mm to 1.6mm, 0.7mm to 1.5mm, 0.8mm to 1.4mm, 0.9mm to 1.3mm, 1.0mm to 1.2mm, etc.
  • the thermal conductivity of the flexible micropillars is ⁇ 1.0W/m ⁇ K (25°C); preferably, the thermal conductivity of the flexible micropillars is ⁇ 0.25W/m ⁇ K (25°C).
  • the thermal conductivity of the flexible micropillars can be 0.05W/m ⁇ K(25°C), 0.1W/m ⁇ K(25°C), 0.15W/m ⁇ K(25°C), 0.2W/m ⁇ K(25°C), 0.25W/m ⁇ K(25°C), 0.3W/m ⁇ K(25°C), 0.35W/m ⁇ K(25°C), 0.4W/m ⁇ K K(25°C), 0.45W/m ⁇ K(25°C), 0.5W/m ⁇ K(25°C), 0.55W/m ⁇ K(25°C), 0.6W/m ⁇ K(25°C), 0.65W/m ⁇ K(25°C), 0.7W/m ⁇ K(25°C), 0.75W/m ⁇ K(25°C).
  • the thermal conductivity of the glass fiber layer is ⁇ 0.03 W/m ⁇ K (25° C.).
  • the thermal conductivity of the glass fiber layer can be 0.01W/m ⁇ K(25°C), 0.02W/m ⁇ K(25°C), 0.03W/m ⁇ K(25°C), or a numerical range based on the above-mentioned specific thickness value as an endpoint, for example: 0.01-0.03W/m ⁇ K(25°C), 0.01-0.02W/m ⁇ K(25°C), 0.02-0.03 W/m ⁇ K (25°C), etc.
  • the heat conduction of vacuum glass can be carried out through four paths, namely heat radiation, heat transfer of micro-pillars, heat transfer of residual gas, and heat transfer of peripheral sealing frame.
  • the thermal bridge formed by the tiny pillars causes the largest heat transfer, which reduces the high heat insulation effect that the vacuum glass should have to a considerable extent.
  • the following is only a mathematical analysis of the heat conduction of the tiny pillars in the vacuum glass.
  • C pillars is the thermal conductivity of the flexible micro-pillars, the unit is W/(m 2 K), k g is the thermal conductivity of glass, the recommended value is 1.0W/m K; h is the height of the micro-pillars (m); a is the radius of the micro-pillars (m); b is the spacing of the micro-pillars (m); k pillar is the thermal conductivity of the micro-pillar material, the unit is W/m K.
  • k soft pillar 0.03W/(m ⁇ K)
  • the use of flexible micro-pillars can reduce the heat transfer by 92.6%.
  • the curve shown in Figure 4 represents the relationship between the thermal conductivity k value of the micro-pillar and the thermal conductivity U value of the vacuum glass.
  • the two pieces of glass constituting the vacuum layer are soda-lime glass with a thickness of 4 mm, and the four sides are sealed with glass. 40mm and a height of 0.15mm. From the experimental data and the mathematical simulation curve, it can be known that when the above conditions are fixed, as the thermal conductivity k value of the micro-pillar decreases, for example, the k value of the stainless steel micro-pillar is 17W/m K, the k value of the ceramic micro-pillar is 2.7W/m K, and the k value of the ultra - fine glass fiber cloth is 0.03W /m K. %.
  • P atm is the atmospheric pressure. If the configuration in Calculation Example 1 is used, the static pressure P value of each micro-pillar will be as high as 8 ⁇ 10 3 P atm , which is close to the pressure intensity of 1GPa. Furthermore, if the height of the micro-pillars arranged in the vacuum layer is slightly deviated, whether it is due to the height difference of the micro-pillars itself or the process error during point layout, the micro-pillars actually supporting the glass plate will bear greater pressure.
  • the yield strength of stainless steel is about 2 ⁇ 10 8 Pa.
  • the characteristic of rigid materials is that when the external force exceeds its material strength, it will break, rather than deform like metal materials. Therefore, it is difficult for glass beads to be used as a pillar material in vacuum glass.
  • the material strength of porous glass beads it is weaker and more difficult to be used in vacuum glass.
  • ceramics and alloy steels such as but not limited to: alumina, zirconia, tungsten steel, etc., whose material rupture strength exceeds 1GPa, and the rigidity is strong. If microbeads made of such materials are used as pillars, the pillars will be intact but the glass plate will break from the contact point.
  • the present invention uses a glass fiber layer to make flexible micro-pillars, which can replace the existing hard micro-pillars.
  • the micro-pillars themselves will not be damaged and at the same time can provide supporting force, and can cooperate with the deformation of the glass when it is subjected to an external force to avoid glass damage, and can well solve the problems existing in the existing micro-pillars.
  • the cross-section of the flexible micropillars can be any suitable shape, such as circular, elliptical, rectangular, triangular, polygonal with more than five sides, and annular; wherein, the annular can include circular rings, square rings, triangular rings, polygonal rings, irregular rings with different shapes for the hollow part and the periphery.
  • the whole of the flexible micro-pillar is in the shape of a trapezoid or a column, and there are planes at both ends so as to be in contact with the glass plate of the vacuum glass.
  • the truncated shape may include circular truncated, elliptical truncated, prism or annular truncated;
  • the cylindrical shape may include cylindrical, elliptical cylindrical, rectangular cylindrical, prismatic or circular cylindrical.
  • Above-mentioned prism can comprise triangular prism, quadrangular prism, polygonal prism with more than five edges;
  • Above-mentioned annular pedestal can comprise annular prism, square annular prism or polygonal prism; Above-mentioned prism comprises triangular prism, quadrangular prism, polygonal prism with more than five edges;
  • Above-mentioned annular prism comprises circular annular prism, square annular prism or polygonal annular prism.
  • the flexible micropillars of the present invention can be in the shape of a trapezium or a column with irregular sides, such as a drum shape.
  • the flexible micro-pillar of the present invention has elasticity and can be compressed, and the amount of compression is larger than that of other materials (stainless steel, ceramics) currently used as micro-pillars, and can allow the micro-pillars to have a large amount of elastic deformation.
  • the flexible micropillars of the present invention can still effectively support the glass plate against atmospheric pressure after being compressed. Furthermore, it can also cooperate with the deformation of the glass plate when the glass plate is subjected to external force, so that the glass plate can be protected so that the glass plate is not easy to break at the supporting point.
  • the height of the flexible micropillars of the present invention under compression at a pressure of 1 atmosphere is not less than 0.10 mm, preferably 0.15-0.5 mm, more preferably 0.15-0.25 mm.
  • Another aspect of the present invention relates to a vacuum glass, which adopts the flexible micro-pillar provided by the present invention as the micro-pillar of the vacuum chamber.
  • the vacuum glass has at least two glass plates, a vacuum cavity is formed between the two glass plates, and flexible micro pillars are distributed in the vacuum cavity.
  • the thermal conductivity of the flexible micropillars meets:
  • C pillars is the thermal conductivity of the flexible micro-pillars in W/(m 2 K)
  • k pillar is the thermal conductivity of the flexible micro-pillars in W/(m K)
  • k g is the thermal conductivity of glass in W/(m K)
  • a is the radius of the flexible micro-pillars in mm
  • b is the distance between the flexible micro-pillars in mm
  • h is the equilibrium height of the flexible micro-pillars after compression, in mm.
  • the distance between the flexible micro-pillars is not less than 30mm, preferably 40-60mm.
  • the height of the vacuum cavity is less than 0.3mm, preferably 0.15-0.25mm.
  • the invention proposes an innovative method, using flexible micro-pillars made of glass fibers, which can greatly improve the effect of sound insulation.
  • the elastic effect of the flexible struts can reduce the chance of glass breakage caused by excessive stress at the position where the glass is in contact with the micro-pillars when it is impacted by the outside.
  • the main components of the glass fiber used in the present invention are generally alumina and silicon oxide, which are melted at a temperature above 1600°C and made into short fibers with a diameter of less than 10 microns, and then rolled into glass fiber cloth by a special process.
  • Step 1 Glass fiber cloth can be purchased from Jingning Technology (Beijing) Co., Ltd., and its material contains silicon oxide ⁇ 60%, aluminum oxide ⁇ 35%; trade name: airgel insulation cloth; width 600mm (coil), thickness 0.4mm, white translucent, thermal conductivity at 25°C at room temperature 0.03W/m ⁇ K.
  • Step 2 When the product is subjected to 1 atmospheric pressure, the thickness will decrease by about 60%.
  • the height of the vacuum layer is set to 0.4mm. Two pieces of glass fiber cloth with a thickness of 0.4mm are used, and a layer of metal foil with a thickness of 80 ⁇ m is sandwiched between them. It can be but is not limited to aluminum foil, copper foil, etc.
  • the initial thickness of the three is 0.88mm. The design of the flexible pillar structure and the initial thickness of the vacuum layer at different heights can be analogized.
  • Step 3 After gluing the above-mentioned three-layer or multi-layer structure, put the finished product in a vacuum oven at 120°C to exhaust air, then use a punching machine and an appropriate mold to make micro-pillars with diameters ranging from 0.3-1.0 mm, and store the fabricated micro-pillars for future use.
  • Figure 5A and Figure 5B are the front view and side view of the flexible strut after die forming, respectively, wherein the curve in Figure 5B represents the appearance measured by the visible area of the optical microscope, and it can be seen from Figure 5A and Figure 5B that the appearance of the circular strut under the optical side measurement is circular. Although it is not a perfect circle, it can be determined that the flexible strut is cylindrical.
  • the multi-layer structure of the flexible micro-pillar provided by the embodiment includes a fiber cloth composed of ultrafine glass fibers. 80% of the volume in the fiber cloth is air. When placed in a vacuum layer, the original part of the air becomes a vacuum. The vacuum can reduce heat conduction and sound insulation. At the same time, the fiber cloth is an open porous material. When the sound wave passes through the first layer of glass plate into the first layer of fiber cloth, part of the sound wave will be blocked by the vacuum inside the glass fiber cloth, another part of the sound wave will be absorbed by the glass fiber, and a part of the sound wave can continue to pass through the glass fiber; In the process of repeated reflections, the sound waves will be gradually absorbed by the sound-absorbing function of the glass fiber, so a better sound insulation effect can be obtained.
  • the metal foil/alloy foil In addition to the above reflection, part of the sound waves will pass through the metal foil/alloy foil and be transmitted to the second layer of glass fiber cloth. Although the metal foil/alloy foil itself will absorb some sound waves, the amount of absorption will not be too obvious, because metal and alloy are relatively good sound wave reflection materials, and the sound absorption capacity is not obvious.
  • the sound waves transmitted to the second layer of glass fiber cloth have undergone the attenuation process of the first layer of fiber cloth, and repeated reflection and absorption of sound waves between the metal foil/alloy foil and the second layer of glass plate will also occur in the second layer of fiber cloth, and finally only a part of the remaining sound waves will be transmitted to the outside of the second layer of glass.
  • the sound insulation is tested for insulating glass and vacuum glass using different micropillars.
  • the different materials constituting the micropillars include stainless steel microbeads, hollow glass microbeads, solid glass microspheres, porous glass microbeads, and ultrafine glass fiber cloth (that is, the raw material of the flexible micropillars of the present invention).
  • the sample consists of two pieces of soda-lime glass with a thickness of 1.8mm and an interlayer with a thickness of 1.8mm. Fill the material under test into the interlayer for measurement, and use Hangzhou Aihua AWA6290T sound insulation/absorption coefficient test system. The test results are summarized in Table 2 below.
  • the sound insulation efficiency of flexible micropillars mainly composed of ultrafine glass fiber cloth is higher than that of stainless steel microbeads, hollow or porous glass microbeads and other micropillars.
  • the flexible micro-pillar with glass fiber cloth as the main body is also obviously superior in sound insulation function.
  • the weighted sound insulation (Rw) of the latter has improved by 22% than the former, up to 44dB; the low-frequency average sound insulation of the latter has improved by 35% than the former, up to 46.6dB.

Abstract

The present invention provides a flexible micro support pillar for a vacuum insulating glass and a vacuum insulating glass. In respect of the flexible micro support pillar for a vacuum insulating glass, the flexible micro support pillar has at least one fiberglass layer. The vacuum insulating glass in the present invention uses the flexible micro support pillar as a micro support pillar of a vacuum chamber. The present invention provides an innovative method, which uses the flexible micro support pillar made of fiberglass to greatly improve a sound insulation effect, and additionally, by means of an elastic effect of the flexible micro support pillar, may reduce a probability that glass is broken due to excessively high stress on a position in contact with the micro support pillar when suffering an external impact.

Description

一种用于真空玻璃的柔性微支柱以及真空玻璃A flexible micropillar for vacuum glass and vacuum glass 技术领域technical field
本发明涉及一种用于真空玻璃的柔性微支柱以及真空玻璃，属于真空玻璃技术领域。The invention relates to a flexible micro-pillar for vacuum glass and vacuum glass, belonging to the technical field of vacuum glass.
背景技术Background technique
真空玻璃是由三种组件所构成，包括玻璃板、周边封装材料、微小支柱，其具有由至少两片玻璃所形成的真空夹层，通常真空夹层的四周是用在真空中可以长期保持气密的材料进行封装，例如低熔点封装玻璃。真空夹层内需要布置适当数量的微小支柱用以支撑两侧的玻璃板，避免被大气压力压垮或弯曲变形。真空夹层内的空腔的厚度一般会控制在0.3mm以下，因为这个厚度大约是可以形成腔体内热对流的下限，低于这个厚度可以避免热对流，有利于隔绝热量的传递。微小支柱的直径一般控制在0.2-0.5mm之间，直径增大时会容易被观察到，造成视觉上的影响，因此直径大小会视真空玻璃的应用场景而调整。真空玻璃具有以下优点：①具有极低的传热系数，以建筑用的真空玻璃为例，可以低至0.8W/m 2·K，目前是建筑玻璃里隔热效果最好的产品；②为目前透明材料里隔音最佳的产品，其计权隔声量可以达到35dB；③在高湿度的环境中也不易产生凝结露水的现象。 Vacuum glass is composed of three components, including glass plates, surrounding packaging materials, and tiny pillars. It has a vacuum interlayer formed by at least two pieces of glass. Usually, the vacuum interlayer is surrounded by materials that can maintain airtightness in a vacuum for a long time, such as low melting point packaging glass. An appropriate number of tiny pillars need to be arranged in the vacuum interlayer to support the glass plates on both sides to avoid being crushed or bent by atmospheric pressure. The thickness of the cavity in the vacuum interlayer is generally controlled below 0.3mm, because this thickness is about the lower limit that can form heat convection in the cavity. Below this thickness, heat convection can be avoided and heat transfer can be isolated. The diameter of the tiny pillars is generally controlled between 0.2-0.5mm. When the diameter increases, it will be easily observed and cause visual impact. Therefore, the diameter will be adjusted according to the application scene of the vacuum glass. Vacuum glass has the following advantages: ① It has an extremely low heat transfer coefficient. Taking vacuum glass for construction as an example, it can be as low as 0.8W/m 2 ·K. It is currently the product with the best heat insulation effect in architectural glass; ② It is the product with the best sound insulation among transparent materials at present, and its weighted sound insulation can reach 35dB; ③ It is not easy to produce dew condensation in a high-humidity environment.
当真空玻璃内的气体稀少到压力小于0.1Pa以下时，气体分子的热传导可以省略不计，若周边封装使用边框结构强化热阻隔，同时搭配镀有抗辐射膜的玻璃板，则唯一还会造成热传导的因素就是微小支柱，目前商业化量产的真空玻璃大多使用不锈钢类的金属支柱或陶瓷支柱，这二者都是声音的良导体，大大降低了真空玻璃的隔声功能。同时，前者的热传系数约为17W/m·K，后者的热传系数多在2.7W/m·K以上，都属于高导热材料，使用在真空玻璃中易形成传导热量的热桥，大大降低了真空玻璃隔热的效果。When the gas in the vacuum glass is so rare that the pressure is less than 0.1Pa, the heat conduction of the gas molecules can be ignored. If the surrounding package uses a frame structure to strengthen the heat barrier and is equipped with a glass plate coated with an anti-radiation film, the only factor that can cause heat conduction is the tiny support. At present, most of the commercially produced vacuum glass uses stainless steel metal support or ceramic support, both of which are good conductors of sound, greatly reducing the sound insulation function of the vacuum glass. At the same time, the heat transfer coefficient of the former is about 17W/m K, and the heat transfer coefficient of the latter is more than 2.7W/m K, both of which are high thermal conductivity materials. When used in vacuum glass, it is easy to form a thermal bridge that conducts heat, which greatly reduces the effect of vacuum glass heat insulation.
典型的现有技术如图1所示，微小支柱的主要作用是用来支撑真空层结构，抵抗大气压力，但对于真空玻璃的隔热与隔声两项最重要的功能也形成短板，微小支柱本身就形成了真空层两侧的热桥与声桥，降低真空玻璃隔热与隔声的效能。A typical prior art is shown in Figure 1. The main function of the tiny pillars is to support the structure of the vacuum layer and resist atmospheric pressure. However, the two most important functions of heat insulation and sound insulation of vacuum glass also form a short board. The tiny pillars themselves form thermal bridges and sound bridges on both sides of the vacuum layer, reducing the effectiveness of heat insulation and sound insulation of vacuum glass.
此外，微小支柱的材质大多是由强度较大的材料构成，最常见到的材料有玻璃、陶瓷、不锈钢等，微小支柱在真空层内与玻璃板接触的位置就是承担大气压力的应力集中点，若微小支柱本身的材料强度不够且硬度又弱于玻璃板，就会因为承受不了大气压力而被压碎，例如玻璃微珠或玻璃微柱；若微小支柱本身强度够强且有韧性，受到1大气压时就会产生形变，例如不锈钢微珠与微柱，具体现象就是微小支柱被玻璃板压扁；若 微小支柱的材质过于强硬，例如某些超硬陶瓷(碳化硅、氮化硅等等)或高硬度碳钢及钨钢，则会造成玻璃板与微支柱接触位置的玻璃轻则刮伤磨损，重则出现裂纹。In addition, the materials of the tiny pillars are mostly made of stronger materials. The most common materials are glass, ceramics, stainless steel, etc. The position where the tiny pillars are in contact with the glass plate in the vacuum layer is the stress concentration point that bears the atmospheric pressure. If the material strength of the tiny pillars is not strong enough and the hardness is weaker than the glass plate, they will be crushed because they cannot withstand the atmospheric pressure, such as glass beads or glass micropillars. Flat; if the material of the micro-pillar is too strong, such as some superhard ceramics (silicon carbide, silicon nitride, etc.) or high-hardness carbon steel and tungsten steel, the glass at the contact position between the glass plate and the micro-pillar will be scratched and worn, and cracks will appear in severe cases.
即使某些陶瓷与金属材料可以作为微小支柱使用，且本身不变形、不碎裂、不对玻璃表面刮擦磨损、也不会造成玻璃表面开裂，但这些硬质材料，无论是实心、空心、环型等的任何一种结构，对于整体真空玻璃而言，仍然具有三方面的缺陷：①导热效果好，是一种良好的热桥；②易于传导声波，是一种良好的声桥；③受到外力冲击时，玻璃板会本能的发生型变来适应外力，但硬质的微小支柱本身缺乏弹性，在与玻璃接触的位置可产生型变的能力有限，仍然有机会造成接触点的应力集中，若超过该处玻璃的強度，仍然会导致玻璃破裂，因此微小支柱本身既需要维持一定的强度来支撑玻璃同时也要有足够的弹性来避免与玻璃接触位置的过度应力聚集。Even if some ceramic and metal materials can be used as tiny pillars, and they are not deformed, broken, scratched and worn on the glass surface, and will not cause cracks on the glass surface, these hard materials, whether solid, hollow, ring-shaped, etc., still have three defects for the overall vacuum glass: ①The thermal conductivity is good, and it is a good thermal bridge; ②It is easy to conduct sound waves, and it is a good sound bridge; The small pillars themselves lack elasticity, and the ability to produce deformation at the position in contact with the glass is limited, and there is still a chance to cause stress concentration at the contact point. If the strength of the glass exceeds the strength of the glass, it will still cause the glass to break.
发明内容Contents of the invention
为解决上述技术问题，本发明的目的在于提供一种用于真空玻璃的微小支柱，该微小支柱采用玻璃纤维材料制成，能够提供良好的隔音效果。In order to solve the above technical problems, the object of the present invention is to provide a tiny pillar for vacuum glass, which is made of glass fiber material and can provide good sound insulation effect.
本发明的目的还在于提供采用上述微小支柱的真空玻璃。The object of the present invention is also to provide a vacuum glass using the above-mentioned tiny pillars.
为达到上述目的，本发明提出了将玻璃纤维层用于真空玻璃的柔性微支柱之中。In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention proposes to use the glass fiber layer in the flexible micro-pillar of vacuum glass.
首先，本发明提供了一种用于真空玻璃的柔性微支柱，其中，该柔性微支柱具有至少一层玻璃纤维层。Firstly, the present invention provides a flexible micro-pillar for vacuum glass, wherein the flexible micro-pillar has at least one glass fiber layer.
根据本发明的具体实施方案，优选地，该柔性微支柱具有两层以上的玻璃纤维层组成的复合结构。According to a specific embodiment of the present invention, preferably, the flexible micropillar has a composite structure composed of more than two glass fiber layers.
根据本发明的具体实施方案，优选地，该柔性微支柱具有至少两层玻璃纤维层与至少一层金属层和/或合金层组成的复合结构，所述金属层和/或合金层位于两层玻璃纤维层之间。According to a specific embodiment of the present invention, preferably, the flexible micropillar has a composite structure composed of at least two glass fiber layers and at least one metal layer and/or alloy layer, and the metal layer and/or alloy layer is located between the two glass fiber layers.
根据本发明的具体实施方案，优选地，该柔性微支柱具有至少三层玻璃纤维层与至少两层金属层和/或合金层组成的复合结构，其中，所述金属层和/或合金层间隔设置于玻璃纤维层之间。According to a specific embodiment of the present invention, preferably, the flexible micropillar has a composite structure consisting of at least three layers of glass fiber layers and at least two layers of metal layers and/or alloy layers, wherein the metal layers and/or alloy layers are arranged at intervals between the glass fiber layers.
根据本发明的具体实施方案，优选地，在上述柔性微支柱中，所述玻璃纤维层的厚度为0.1mm至3.0mm。According to a specific embodiment of the present invention, preferably, in the above-mentioned flexible micropillar, the thickness of the glass fiber layer is 0.1 mm to 3.0 mm.
根据本发明的具体实施方案，优选地，在上述柔性微支柱中，所述金属层或合金层的厚度为0.3mm以下，更优选为0.01mm至0.3mm。According to a specific embodiment of the present invention, preferably, in the above-mentioned flexible micropillars, the thickness of the metal layer or alloy layer is less than 0.3 mm, more preferably 0.01 mm to 0.3 mm.
根据本发明的具体实施方案，优选地，该柔性微支柱的直径为0.2mm-2.0mm；优 选为0.2mm-0.5mm。According to a specific embodiment of the present invention, preferably, the diameter of the flexible micropillar is 0.2mm-2.0mm; preferably 0.2mm-0.5mm.
根据本发明的具体实施方案，优选地，该柔性微支柱的导热系数≤1W/m·K(25℃)。According to a specific embodiment of the present invention, preferably, the thermal conductivity of the flexible micropillars is ≤1W/m·K (25°C).
根据本发明的具体实施方案，优选地，在上述柔性微支柱中，所述玻璃纤维层是由超细玻璃纤维制成的。According to a specific embodiment of the present invention, preferably, in the above-mentioned flexible micropillars, the glass fiber layer is made of ultrafine glass fibers.
根据本发明的具体实施方案，优选地，在上述柔性微支柱中，所述玻璃纤维层的导热系数≤0.03W/m·K(25℃)。According to a specific embodiment of the present invention, preferably, in the above-mentioned flexible micropillars, the thermal conductivity of the glass fiber layer is ≤0.03W/m·K (25°C).
根据本发明的具体实施方案，优选地，在上述柔性微支柱中，所述玻璃纤维层的比表面积为700-800m 2/g。 According to a specific embodiment of the present invention, preferably, in the flexible micropillar above, the specific surface area of the glass fiber layer is 700-800 m 2 /g.
根据本发明的具体实施方案，优选地，在上述柔性微支柱中，所述金属层的材质包括铝、铜、铁、锡、锌中的一种。According to a specific embodiment of the present invention, preferably, in the above-mentioned flexible micropillars, the material of the metal layer includes one of aluminum, copper, iron, tin, and zinc.
根据本发明的具体实施方案，优选地，在上述柔性微支柱中，所述合金层的材质包括铝、铜、铁、锡、锌中的两种以上元素的合金。According to a specific embodiment of the present invention, preferably, in the above-mentioned flexible micropillar, the material of the alloy layer includes an alloy of two or more elements among aluminum, copper, iron, tin, and zinc.
本发明还提供了一种真空玻璃，其是采用上述的柔性微支柱作为真空腔的微小支柱。The present invention also provides a vacuum glass, which adopts the above-mentioned flexible micro pillars as the micro pillars of the vacuum cavity.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1为真空玻璃结构与热传示意图。Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the vacuum glass structure and heat transfer.
图2A和图2B为气凝胶内部的显微结构。Figure 2A and Figure 2B show the microstructure inside the airgel.
图3为柔性微支柱结构示意图。Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the flexible micropillar structure.
图4为柔性微支柱的热导系数k值与真空玻璃的热导率U值间的关系曲线。Fig. 4 is a relationship curve between the thermal conductivity k value of the flexible micropillar and the thermal conductivity U value of the vacuum glass.
图5A和图5B分别为经过冲模后制作出的柔性微支柱图，其中，图5A为正视图，图5B为侧视图。Fig. 5A and Fig. 5B are views of the flexible micro-pillars produced after passing through the die respectively, wherein Fig. 5A is a front view, and Fig. 5B is a side view.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
为了对本发明的技术特征、目的和有益效果有更加清楚的理解，现对本发明的技术方案进行以下详细说明，但不能理解为对本发明的可实施范围的限定。In order to have a clearer understanding of the technical features, purposes and beneficial effects of the present invention, the technical solution of the present invention is described in detail below, but it should not be construed as limiting the scope of implementation of the present invention.
本发明一方面的实施方案涉及一种用于真空玻璃的柔性微支柱，其中，该柔性微支柱具有至少一层玻璃纤维层。An embodiment of one aspect of the present invention relates to a flexible micro-pillar for vacuum glass, wherein the flexible micro-pillar has at least one glass fiber layer.
本发明使用一种玻璃纤维组成的玻璃纤维层(或称玻璃纤维布)，这种玻璃纤维层具有类似气凝胶的特性，厚度可以制作成为0.3-2.0mm之间，具有超轻、隔热、防火、减震、柔韧等性能，特别适合狭小空间保温隔热。The present invention uses a glass fiber layer (or glass fiber cloth) composed of glass fibers. This glass fiber layer has characteristics similar to airgel, and its thickness can be made between 0.3-2.0mm.
在本发明的一种具体实施方案中，玻璃纤维层可以是由超细玻璃纤维制成的。超细 玻璃纤维的材质可以为铝硅玻璃、硼铝硅玻璃、钠钙玻璃、硼硅玻璃和石英玻璃等硅酸盐系列的玻璃中的一种或两种以上的组合，只要是硅酸盐玻璃制作的玻璃纤维，只要纤维够细都可以混纺成为玻璃纤维布以作为本发明的玻璃纤维层使用，并且可以展现出强韧的弹性与隔热效果。纤维表面可以经过憎水处理(憎水处理可以采用常规方式进行)，由这种超细玻璃纤维组成的片状材料也是一种微纳米材料，具有非常好的隔热与吸声的效能，其微结构可参阅图2A和图2B，这种微纳米的纤维结构可以形成类似纸张或布料的大面积片材，可以卷对卷的方式制造，形成的片材具有很好的柔软性与韧性，受到外力压迫时可以大幅度压缩但不会断裂，外力移除后藉由玻璃纤维的弹性可以恢复原状。玻璃纤维层内部的材料微结构主要是空气与微纤维所组成(如图2A和图2B所示)，本发明采用玻璃纤维层作为真空玻璃采用的柔性微支柱的组成部分，可以借助于玻璃纤维层的这种微结构使得玻璃纤维层有利于隔热与吸收声波，同时提供受外力冲击时的弹性与韧性，玻璃纤维层的部分物理参数如下表1所示：In a particular embodiment of the invention, the glass fiber layer may be made of ultrafine glass fibers. The material of ultra-fine glass fiber can be one or more combinations of silicate glass such as aluminosilicate glass, borosilicate glass, soda lime glass, borosilicate glass and quartz glass. As long as the glass fiber is made of silicate glass, as long as the fiber is fine enough, it can be blended into glass fiber cloth to be used as the glass fiber layer of the present invention, and can exhibit strong elasticity and heat insulation effect. The surface of the fiber can be treated with hydrophobicity (hydrophobic treatment can be carried out in a conventional way). The sheet-like material composed of this ultrafine glass fiber is also a micro-nano material, which has very good heat insulation and sound absorption performance. Its microstructure can be seen in Figure 2A and Figure 2B. This micro-nano fiber structure can form a large-area sheet similar to paper or cloth, which can be manufactured in a roll-to-roll manner. The formed sheet has good flexibility and toughness. The elasticity can be restored to its original shape. The material microstructure inside the glass fiber layer is mainly composed of air and microfibers (as shown in Figure 2A and Figure 2B). The present invention adopts the glass fiber layer as a component of the flexible micro-pillar used in vacuum glass. This microstructure of the glass fiber layer can be used to make the glass fiber layer beneficial to heat insulation and sound wave absorption, while providing elasticity and toughness when impacted by external forces. Some physical parameters of the glass fiber layer are shown in Table 1 below:
表1Table 1
Figure PCTCN2022113328-appb-000001
Figure PCTCN2022113328-appb-000001
在本发明的一种具体实施方案中，柔性微支柱优选具有两层以上的玻璃纤维层组成的复合结构。如图3所示，将玻璃纤维层沾粘叠加，可以形成多层玻璃纤维层组成的复合结构，超细玻璃纤维层具有微纳米网状孔隙结构，是一种良好的隔热材料。In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the flexible micropillar preferably has a composite structure composed of more than two glass fiber layers. As shown in Figure 3, the composite structure composed of multiple glass fiber layers can be formed by sticking and superimposing the glass fiber layers. The ultra-fine glass fiber layer has a micro-nano network pore structure and is a good thermal insulation material.
对于隔声功能而言，超细玻璃纤维层虽然可以算是一种优良的吸声材料，但吸声材料不太具备对声波的反射功能，通常不是良好的隔声材料，真空本身是最好的隔热与隔声状态，热量或声波(振动波)的传递都是依靠介质，这些柔性微支柱放置于真空层内，是处于一种几乎没有空气分子的环境之中，唯一能作为热量与声能传递的介质就只有玻璃纤维，而玻璃纤维的连续性(成型方向)是平行于玻璃板的，也就使得多数热量与声能是依靠玻璃纤维连续面(玻璃平行面)传递，少数能量会跨过玻璃纤维层的层与层之间传递(垂直玻璃板)，因此具有断桥作用，隔热与隔声具有类似情况。但声波波长较大，特别是低频声，真空层的厚度很薄，不利于隔声，因此，本发明的柔性微支柱采用金属层、合金层与玻璃纤维层进行复合，在玻璃纤维层之间夹上金属层/合金层，将金属层、合金层设置于玻璃纤维层之间作为声音的反射层，声音可以在真空玻璃的玻璃板(高密度介质)与金属层、合金层之间反复进行反射，相当于增加隔声(吸音)的行进距离， 在反射过程中又逐渐被超细玻璃纤维层的网状孔隙结构所吸收，从而提升整体隔声效果，使所得到的柔性微支柱成具有良好的隔声功能。For the sound insulation function, although the ultra-fine glass fiber layer can be regarded as an excellent sound-absorbing material, the sound-absorbing material does not have the ability to reflect sound waves, and is usually not a good sound-insulating material. Vacuum itself is the best heat insulation and sound insulation state. The transmission of heat or sound waves (vibration waves) depends on the medium. Most of the heat and sound energy are transmitted by the continuous surface of the glass fiber (glass parallel surface), and a small amount of energy is transmitted across the layer of the glass fiber layer (vertical glass plate), so it has the effect of breaking the bridge, and the heat insulation and sound insulation have similar situations. But the wavelength of sound waves is relatively large, especially low-frequency sound, and the thickness of the vacuum layer is very thin, which is not conducive to sound insulation. Therefore, the flexible micro-pillar of the present invention is composited with a metal layer, an alloy layer and a glass fiber layer, and a metal layer/alloy layer is sandwiched between the glass fiber layers. The net-like pore structure of the glass fiber layer is absorbed, thereby improving the overall sound insulation effect, so that the obtained flexible micro-pillar has good sound insulation function.
由于超细玻璃纤维层本身是由微米级的玻璃短纤维所构成，当制成柔性微支柱并应用到真空玻璃之中时，其编织方向与玻璃板平行，也就是与柔性微支柱的设置方向垂直，由此，这些编织成层状的纤维的方向对于热传与声传有断桥的作用，这种编排方式本身就有阻断热量与声波的效果。与此同时，这种纤维编排方式也使得柔性微支柱具有相当好的可压缩性，当柔性微支柱布置在玻璃板上，如图3所示，若其原始高度为h，在抽真空后会承受两侧玻璃板的压力，所有的微支柱与真空玻璃的周边封装墙共同承担空气中的一大气压的压力，此时由多层超细玻璃纤维布组成的微支柱会被挤压，若其高度被压缩成为h’，依据不同的厚度与组合，通常h’≤0.6h，但即使受到外力压迫柔性微小支柱仍保有弹性。因为超细玻璃纤维层内部是由无数的长短纤维交织构成，即使受到外力挤压仍然保有韧性。由此，当真空玻璃受到外力撞击时，玻璃板自身可以随外力进行弹性变形，不会受制于超细玻璃纤维层制作而成的柔性微支柱，并且这种柔性微支柱可以像弹簧一样，帮助吸收一部分的外力，但其本身具有柔性弹力所以不会造成玻璃板表面刮擦伤或破裂。Since the ultra-fine glass fiber layer itself is composed of micron-sized short glass fibers, when it is made into flexible micro-pillars and applied to vacuum glass, its weaving direction is parallel to the glass plate, that is, perpendicular to the installation direction of the flexible micro-pillars. Therefore, the direction of these woven layered fibers has the effect of breaking the bridge for heat and sound transmission, and this arrangement itself has the effect of blocking heat and sound waves. At the same time, this fiber arrangement method also makes the flexible micro-pillars quite compressible. When the flexible micro-pillars are arranged on the glass plate, as shown in Figure 3, if the original height is h, they will bear the pressure of the glass plates on both sides after vacuuming. All the micro-pillars and the surrounding packaging wall of the vacuum glass share the pressure of one atmospheric pressure in the air. At this time, the micro-pillars composed of multi-layer ultra-fine glass fiber cloth will be squeezed. The struts remain elastic. Because the inside of the ultra-fine glass fiber layer is composed of countless long and short fibers intertwined, it still maintains toughness even if it is squeezed by external force. Therefore, when the vacuum glass is impacted by external force, the glass plate itself can be elastically deformed with the external force, and will not be subject to the flexible micro-pillar made of ultra-fine glass fiber layer, and this flexible micro-pillar can help absorb part of the external force like a spring, but it has flexible elasticity, so it will not cause scratches or cracks on the surface of the glass plate.
在本发明的一种具体实施方案中，柔性微支柱具有至少两层玻璃纤维层与至少一层金属层和/或合金层组成的复合结构，所述金属层和/或合金层位于两层玻璃纤维层之间。当金属层、合金层的总数为两层以上时，可以分别间隔设置于不同的玻璃纤维层之间。In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the flexible micropillar has a composite structure composed of at least two layers of glass fiber and at least one metal layer and/or alloy layer, and the metal layer and/or alloy layer is located between the two layers of glass fiber. When the total number of metal layers and alloy layers is more than two layers, they can be respectively arranged at intervals between different glass fiber layers.
在本发明的一种具体实施方案中，该柔性微支柱具有至少三层玻璃纤维层与至少两层金属层和/或合金层组成的复合结构，其中，所述金属层和/或合金层间隔设置于玻璃纤维层之间。In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the flexible micropillar has a composite structure composed of at least three layers of glass fiber and at least two layers of metal and/or alloy layers, wherein the metal layer and/or alloy layer are arranged at intervals between the glass fiber layers.
在本发明的一种具体实施方案中，金属层的材质包括铝、铜、铁、锡、锌中的一种；所述合金层的材质包括铝、铜、铁、锡、锌中的两种以上元素的合金，其中，所述合金包括不锈钢。In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the material of the metal layer includes one of aluminum, copper, iron, tin, and zinc; the material of the alloy layer includes an alloy of two or more elements in aluminum, copper, iron, tin, and zinc, wherein the alloy includes stainless steel.
在本发明的一种具体实施方案中，本发明的柔性微支柱所采用的玻璃纤维层的厚度可以为0.1mm至3.0mm，优选为1.0mm-3.0mm。具体地，玻璃纤维层的厚度可以为0.1mm，0.2mm，0.3mm，0.4mm，0.5mm，0.6mm，0.7mm，0.8mm，0.9mm，1.0mm，1.1mm，1.2mm，1.3mm，1.4mm，1.5mm，1.6mm，1.7mm，1.8mm，1.9mm，2.0mm，2.1mm，2.2mm，2.3mm，2.4mm，2.5mm，2.6mm，2.7mm，2.8mm，2.9mm，3.0mm，或者以上述具体厚度值为端点组成的数值范围，例如0.2mm至2.9mm，0.3mm至2.8mm， 0.4mm至2.7mm，0.5mm至2.6mm，0.6mm至2.5mm，0.7mm至2.4mm，0.8mm至2.3mm，0.9mm至2.2mm，1.0mm至2.1mm，1.1mm至2.0mm，1.2mm至1.9mm，1.3mm至1.8mm，1.4mm至1.7mm，1.5mm至1.6mm等。In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the thickness of the glass fiber layer used in the flexible micropillars of the present invention may be 0.1mm to 3.0mm, preferably 1.0mm-3.0mm. Specifically, the thickness of the glass fiber layer can be 0.1mm, 0.2mm, 0.3mm, 0.4mm, 0.5mm, 0.6mm, 0.7mm, 0.8mm, 0.9mm, 1.0mm, 1.1mm, 1.2mm, 1.3mm, 1.4mm, 1.5mm, 1.6mm, 1.7mm, 1.8mm, 1.9mm, 2.0mm, 2.1mm, 2.2mm, 2. 3mm, 2.4mm, 2.5mm, 2.6mm, 2.7mm, 2.8mm, 2.9mm, 3.0mm, or a numerical range composed of the above-mentioned specific thickness values, such as 0.2mm to 2.9mm, 0.3mm to 2.8mm, 0.4mm to 2.7mm, 0.5mm to 2.6mm, 0.6mm to 2.5mm, 0.7mm to 2.4mm, 0.8mm to 2.3mm, 0.9mm to 2.2mm, 1.0mm to 2.1mm, 1.1mm to 2.0mm, 1.2mm to 1.9mm, 1.3mm to 1.8mm, 1.4mm to 1.7mm, 1.5mm to 1.6mm, etc.
在本发明的一种具体实施方案中，玻璃纤维层的比表面积为700-800m 2/g。具体地，玻璃纤维层的比表面积可以为700m 2/g、710m 2/g、720m 2/g、730m 2/g、740m 2/g、750m 2/g、760m 2/g、770m 2/g、780m 2/g、790m 2/g、800m 2/g，或者以上述具体厚度值为端点组成的数值范围，例如：710-790m 2/g、720-780m 2/g、730-770m 2/g、740-760m 2/g等。 In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the glass fiber layer has a specific surface area of 700-800 m 2 /g. Specifically, the specific surface area of the glass fiber layer can be 700m 2 /g, 710m 2 /g, 720m 2 /g, 730m 2 /g, 740m 2 /g, 750m 2 / g, 760m 2 /g, 770m 2 /g, 780m 2 / g, 790m 2 /g, 800m 2 /g, or a value composed of the above-mentioned specific thickness values as endpoints Range, for example: 710-790m 2 /g, 720-780m 2 /g, 730-770m 2 /g, 740-760m 2 /g, etc.
在本发明的一种具体实施方案中，具有复合结构的柔性微支柱所采用的金属层或合金层的厚度为0.3mm以下，优选为0.01mm至0.3mm。具体的，金属层或合金层的厚度可以为0.3mm，0.2mm，0.1mm，0.01mm，或者以上述具体厚度值为端点组成的数值范围，例如0.2mm至0.3mm，0.1mm至0.3mm，0.1mm至0.2mm，0.01mm至0.1mm，0.01mm至0.2mm等。In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the thickness of the metal layer or alloy layer used in the flexible micropillars with a composite structure is less than 0.3 mm, preferably 0.01 mm to 0.3 mm. Specifically, the thickness of the metal layer or alloy layer can be 0.3mm, 0.2mm, 0.1mm, 0.01mm, or a numerical range based on the above-mentioned specific thickness value as an endpoint, such as 0.2mm to 0.3mm, 0.1mm to 0.3mm, 0.1mm to 0.2mm, 0.01mm to 0.1mm, 0.01mm to 0.2mm, etc.
在本发明的一种具体实施方案中，该柔性微支柱的直径为0.2mm-2.0mm；优选为0.2mm-0.5mm。具体地，柔性微支柱的直径可以为0.2mm，0.3mm，0.4mm，0.5mm，0.6mm，0.7mm，0.8mm，0.9mm，1.0mm，1.1mm，1.2mm，1.3mm，1.4mm，1.5mm，1.6mm，1.7mm，1.8mm，1.9mm，2.0mm，或者以上述具体厚度值为端点组成的数值范围，例如0.3mm至0.9mm，0.4mm至1.8mm，0.5mm至1.7mm，0.6mm至1.6mm，0.7mm至1.5mm，0.8mm至1.4mm，0.9mm至1.3mm，1.0mm至1.2mm等。In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the diameter of the flexible micropillar is 0.2mm-2.0mm; preferably 0.2mm-0.5mm. Specifically, the diameter of the flexible micropillars can be 0.2mm, 0.3mm, 0.4mm, 0.5mm, 0.6mm, 0.7mm, 0.8mm, 0.9mm, 1.0mm, 1.1mm, 1.2mm, 1.3mm, 1.4mm, 1.5mm, 1.6mm, 1.7mm, 1.8mm, 1.9mm, 2.0mm, or a numerical range composed of the endpoints of the above-mentioned specific thickness values, such as 0.3 mm to 0.9mm, 0.4mm to 1.8mm, 0.5mm to 1.7mm, 0.6mm to 1.6mm, 0.7mm to 1.5mm, 0.8mm to 1.4mm, 0.9mm to 1.3mm, 1.0mm to 1.2mm, etc.
在本发明的一种具体实施方案中，该柔性微支柱的导热系数≤1.0W/m·K(25℃)；优选地，该柔性微支柱的导热系数≤0.25W/m·K(25℃)。具体地，该柔性微支柱的导热系数可以为0.05W/m·K(25℃)、0.1W/m·K(25℃)、0.15W/m·K(25℃)、0.2W/m·K(25℃)、0.25W/m·K(25℃)、0.3W/m·K(25℃)、0.35W/m·K(25℃)、0.4W/m·K(25℃)、0.45W/m·K(25℃)、0.5W/m·K(25℃)、0.55W/m·K(25℃)、0.6W/m·K(25℃)、0.65W/m·K(25℃)、0.7W/m·K(25℃)、0.75W/m·K(25℃)、0.8W/m·K(25℃)、0.85W/m·K(25℃)、0.9W/m·K(25℃)、0.95W/m·K(25℃)、1.0W/m·K(25℃)，或者以上述具体厚度值为端点组成的数值范围，例如：0.05-1.0W/m·K(25℃)、0.1-0.95W/m·K(25℃)、0.15-0.9W/m·K(25℃)、0.2-0.85W/m·K(25℃)、0.25-0.8W/m·K(25℃)、0.3-0.75W/m·K(25℃)、0.4-0.7W/m·K(25℃)、0.45-0.65W/m·K(25℃)、0.5-0.6W/m·K(25℃)等。In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the thermal conductivity of the flexible micropillars is ≤1.0W/m·K (25°C); preferably, the thermal conductivity of the flexible micropillars is ≤0.25W/m·K (25°C). Specifically, the thermal conductivity of the flexible micropillars can be 0.05W/m·K(25°C), 0.1W/m·K(25°C), 0.15W/m·K(25°C), 0.2W/m·K(25°C), 0.25W/m·K(25°C), 0.3W/m·K(25°C), 0.35W/m·K(25°C), 0.4W/m·K K(25°C), 0.45W/m·K(25°C), 0.5W/m·K(25°C), 0.55W/m·K(25°C), 0.6W/m·K(25°C), 0.65W/m·K(25°C), 0.7W/m·K(25°C), 0.75W/m·K(25°C), 0.8W/m·K(25°C), 0.85W/m·K(25°C), 0.9W/m·K(25°C), 0.95W/m·K(25°C), 1.0W/m·K(25°C), or a numerical range composed of the above-mentioned specific thickness as the endpoint, for example: 0.05-1.0W/m·K(25°C), 0.1-0.95W/m·K(25°C), 0.15-0.9W/m· K(25°C), 0.2-0.85W/m·K(25°C), 0.25-0.8W/m·K(25°C), 0.3-0.75W/m·K(25°C), 0.4-0.7W/m·K(25°C), 0.45-0.65W/m·K(25°C), 0.5-0.6W/m·K(25°C), etc.
在本发明的一种具体实施方案中，玻璃纤维层的导热系数≤0.03W/m·K(25℃)。具体地，玻璃纤维层的导热系数可以为0.01W/m·K(25℃)、0.02W/m·K(25℃)、 0.03W/m·K(25℃)，或者以上述具体厚度值为端点组成的数值范围，例如：0.01-0.03W/m·K(25℃)、0.01-0.02W/m·K(25℃)、0.02-0.03W/m·K(25℃)等。In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the thermal conductivity of the glass fiber layer is ≤0.03 W/m·K (25° C.). Specifically, the thermal conductivity of the glass fiber layer can be 0.01W/m·K(25°C), 0.02W/m·K(25°C), 0.03W/m·K(25°C), or a numerical range based on the above-mentioned specific thickness value as an endpoint, for example: 0.01-0.03W/m·K(25°C), 0.01-0.02W/m·K(25°C), 0.02-0.03 W/m·K (25°C), etc.
真空玻璃的热传导可经由四种路径进行，分别是热辐射、微支柱热传、残留气体的热传、周边封框热传。其中又以微小支柱所形成的热桥造成最大的热传递，相当程度上降低了真空玻璃原本应该具有的高隔热效果。以下仅就微小支柱在真空玻璃里的热传导进行数学分析。The heat conduction of vacuum glass can be carried out through four paths, namely heat radiation, heat transfer of micro-pillars, heat transfer of residual gas, and heat transfer of peripheral sealing frame. Among them, the thermal bridge formed by the tiny pillars causes the largest heat transfer, which reduces the high heat insulation effect that the vacuum glass should have to a considerable extent. The following is only a mathematical analysis of the heat conduction of the tiny pillars in the vacuum glass.
引用参考文献(许威，建筑节能，Vol.42,No.286,p.25-30(2014)。Doi:10.3969/j.issn.1673-7237.2014.12.007)中，经过实验验证过的数学模型，其中，针对圆柱型微支柱的热传数学公式可以表达如下：Citing references (Xu Wei, Building Energy Conservation, Vol.42, No.286, p.25-30 (2014). Doi:10.3969/j.issn.1673-7237.2014.12.007), the experimentally verified mathematical model, wherein the mathematical formula for heat transfer of cylindrical micro-pillars can be expressed as follows:
Figure PCTCN2022113328-appb-000002
Figure PCTCN2022113328-appb-000002
其中，C pillars为柔性微支柱的热导率，单位为W/(m 2·K)，k g是玻璃的导热系数，推荐值为1.0W/m·K；h是微支柱高度(m)；a是微支柱半径(m)；b是微支柱的间距(m)；k pillar是微支柱材料的导热系数，单位是W/m·K。 Among them, C pillars is the thermal conductivity of the flexible micro-pillars, the unit is W/(m 2 K), k g is the thermal conductivity of glass, the recommended value is 1.0W/m K; h is the height of the micro-pillars (m); a is the radius of the micro-pillars (m); b is the spacing of the micro-pillars (m); k pillar is the thermal conductivity of the micro-pillar material, the unit is W/m K.
计算例一：Calculation example one:
不锈钢微小支柱：k stainless  steel＝17W/(m·K) Stainless steel tiny support: k stainless steel = 17W/(m·K)
玻璃导热系数：k g＝1W/(m·K) Thermal conductivity of glass: k g ＝1W/(m·K)
a＝0.25mm，b＝40mm，h＝0.15mma=0.25mm, b=40mm, h=0.15mm
根据上述公式计算可得：C pillars＝0.306W/(m·K)。 Calculated according to the above formula: C pillars =0.306W/(m·K).
计算例二：Calculation example two:
本发明的柔性微支柱：k soft  pillar＝0.03W/(m·K) Flexible micropillar of the present invention: k soft pillar =0.03W/(m·K)
玻璃导热系数：k g＝1W/(m·K) Thermal conductivity of glass: k g ＝1W/(m·K)
a＝0.25mm，b＝40mm，h＝0.15mma=0.25mm, b=40mm, h=0.15mm
根据上述公式计算可得：C pillars＝0.023W/(m·K)。 Calculated according to the above formula: C pillars =0.023W/(m·K).
相对于采用不锈钢微小支柱，使用柔性微支柱可以降低92.6％的热量传递。Compared with the use of stainless steel micro-pillars, the use of flexible micro-pillars can reduce the heat transfer by 92.6%.
图4中所显示的曲线代表微小支柱的热导系数k值与真空玻璃的热导率U值之间的关系，其中，构成真空层的两片玻璃为厚度4mm的钠钙玻璃，四边使用玻璃封装，封边宽度为10mm；真空层内部的一个玻璃面有抗辐射镀膜(Low-E coating)，使用三银镀层，半球辐射率为0.015；真空层内气体压强为0.01Pa；微小支柱直径为5mm，间距为40mm，高度为0.15mm。由实验数据与数学模拟曲线可得知，当上述条件固定时，随著微小支柱的热导系数k值的降低，例如，不锈钢微小支柱的k值为17W/m·K，降 到陶瓷微小支柱的k值为2.7W/m·K，在一路降到超细玻璃纤维布的k值为0.03W/m·K，真空玻璃的热导率也会逐渐由约0.9W/m 2·K减小到0.6W/m 2·K，降幅高达27％。 The curve shown in Figure 4 represents the relationship between the thermal conductivity k value of the micro-pillar and the thermal conductivity U value of the vacuum glass. Among them, the two pieces of glass constituting the vacuum layer are soda-lime glass with a thickness of 4 mm, and the four sides are sealed with glass. 40mm and a height of 0.15mm. From the experimental data and the mathematical simulation curve, it can be known that when the above conditions are fixed, as the thermal conductivity k value of the micro-pillar decreases, for example, the k value of the stainless steel micro-pillar is 17W/m K, the k value of the ceramic micro-pillar is 2.7W/m K, and the k value of the ultra - fine glass fiber cloth is 0.03W /m K. %.
根据参考文献(R.E.Collins and T.M.Simko,Solar Energy,Vol.62,No.3,pp.189-213(1998).)，微支柱需要承受的静态抗压强度P可以如下计算：According to the reference (R.E.Collins and T.M.Simko, Solar Energy, Vol.62, No.3, pp.189-213(1998).), the static compressive strength P that micro-pillars need to bear can be calculated as follows:
Figure PCTCN2022113328-appb-000003
Figure PCTCN2022113328-appb-000003
上式中P atm为大气压强，若以计算例一中的配置则每个微小支柱承受的静态压强度P值将会高达8×10 3P atm，约接近1GPa的压力强度。再者，若微小支柱布置于真空层里的高度略有偏差，无论是因为微小支柱本身的高度差异或是布点时的工艺误差，都会使得实际支撑玻璃板的微小支柱承受更大的压强。不锈钢的屈服强度约为2×10 8Pa，因此若以不锈钢微珠(球状颗粒)作为微小支柱时，微珠与玻璃板接触点的强度不足以支撑大气压力，受压后会变形成为鼓状，也因此目前市面上销售的真空玻璃中，若是使用不锈钢作为支柱材料，都会采用鼓状或是环状，主要原因就是增加与玻璃板接触面积，避免点状接触受压，如此做一方面可以保护支柱材料受到的压强仍然在材料的破裂或变形强度以下，同时可以避免压力集中于一点(或极小的区域)，过度的压力集中也增加了玻璃板本身破裂的机率。一般钠钙玻璃的破裂强度约为8.9×10 7Pa，刚性材料的特征就是当外力超过其材料强度时，就会发生破裂，而不是像金属材料那样的变形。因此，玻璃微珠是很难作为支柱材料应用在真空玻璃里的，至于多孔玻璃珠的材料强度就更弱，更难应用于真空玻璃。有一部分的陶瓷与合金钢，例如但不限于：氧化铝、氧化锆、钨钢等等，其材料破裂强度超过1GPa，且刚性强硬，若以此类材料制成的微珠作为支柱，则会发生支柱完好无缺但玻璃板会从接触点处破裂，因此也必须以柱状、鼓状、环状等增加接触面积的方式作为微小支柱。尽管上述这些材料在增加接触面积后可以作为支柱使用，但因其缺乏弹性，在玻璃板受到外部振动或是外力冲击时，玻璃原本可以藉由整体弯曲变形的方式化解这些外力，但受制于上述这些硬质微支柱的牵制，使得外力集中于玻璃与微支柱接触部位，特别是接触部位的边缘会发生最大的玻璃形变，若变形量超过玻璃强度，玻璃就会由该处破裂。本发明利用玻璃纤维层制成柔性微支柱，能够替代现有的硬质微支柱，其本身不会破损同时又能够提供支撑力，并且可以配合玻璃受到外力时的形变，避免玻璃破损，能够很好地解决现有微小支柱所存在的问题。 In the above formula, P atm is the atmospheric pressure. If the configuration in Calculation Example 1 is used, the static pressure P value of each micro-pillar will be as high as 8×10 3 P atm , which is close to the pressure intensity of 1GPa. Furthermore, if the height of the micro-pillars arranged in the vacuum layer is slightly deviated, whether it is due to the height difference of the micro-pillars itself or the process error during point layout, the micro-pillars actually supporting the glass plate will bear greater pressure. The yield strength of stainless steel is about 2×10 8 Pa. Therefore, if stainless steel microbeads (spherical particles) are used as tiny pillars, the strength of the contact point between the microbeads and the glass plate is not enough to support the atmospheric pressure, and it will be deformed into a drum shape after being pressed. Therefore, if stainless steel is used as the pillar material in the vacuum glass currently sold in the market, it will be drum-shaped or ring-shaped. The main reason is to increase the contact area with the glass plate and avoid point contact pressure. Concentrated at one point (or a very small area), excessive pressure concentration also increases the chance of cracking the glass sheet itself. Generally, the fracture strength of soda-lime glass is about 8.9×10 7 Pa. The characteristic of rigid materials is that when the external force exceeds its material strength, it will break, rather than deform like metal materials. Therefore, it is difficult for glass beads to be used as a pillar material in vacuum glass. As for the material strength of porous glass beads, it is weaker and more difficult to be used in vacuum glass. There are some ceramics and alloy steels, such as but not limited to: alumina, zirconia, tungsten steel, etc., whose material rupture strength exceeds 1GPa, and the rigidity is strong. If microbeads made of such materials are used as pillars, the pillars will be intact but the glass plate will break from the contact point. Although the above-mentioned materials can be used as pillars after increasing the contact area, due to their lack of elasticity, when the glass plate is subjected to external vibration or external force impact, the glass can resolve these external forces by bending and deforming as a whole. The present invention uses a glass fiber layer to make flexible micro-pillars, which can replace the existing hard micro-pillars. The micro-pillars themselves will not be damaged and at the same time can provide supporting force, and can cooperate with the deformation of the glass when it is subjected to an external force to avoid glass damage, and can well solve the problems existing in the existing micro-pillars.
在本发明的一种具体实施方案中，该柔性微支柱的截面可以为任何适宜的形状，例如圆形、椭圆形、长方形、三角形、五条边以上的多边形、环形；其中，环形可以包括圆环、方环、三角环、多边环、中空部分与外周不同形状的不规则环形。In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the cross-section of the flexible micropillars can be any suitable shape, such as circular, elliptical, rectangular, triangular, polygonal with more than five sides, and annular; wherein, the annular can include circular rings, square rings, triangular rings, polygonal rings, irregular rings with different shapes for the hollow part and the periphery.
在本发明的一种具体实施方案中，该柔性微支柱的整体为台形或柱形，其两端有平面以便与真空玻璃的玻璃板接触。其中，台形可以包括圆台、椭圆台、棱台或环形台；柱形包括圆柱形、椭圆柱形、长方柱形、棱柱形或环形柱形。上述棱台可以包括三棱台、四棱台、五条棱以上的多棱台；上述环形台可以包括圆环形台、方环形台或多边形棱台；上述棱柱包括三棱柱、四棱柱、五条棱以上的多棱柱；上述环形柱包括圆环形柱、方环形柱或多边环形棱柱。而且，本发明的柔性微支柱可以为侧面不规则的台形或柱形，例如鼓形。In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the whole of the flexible micro-pillar is in the shape of a trapezoid or a column, and there are planes at both ends so as to be in contact with the glass plate of the vacuum glass. Wherein, the truncated shape may include circular truncated, elliptical truncated, prism or annular truncated; the cylindrical shape may include cylindrical, elliptical cylindrical, rectangular cylindrical, prismatic or circular cylindrical. Above-mentioned prism can comprise triangular prism, quadrangular prism, polygonal prism with more than five edges; Above-mentioned annular pedestal can comprise annular prism, square annular prism or polygonal prism; Above-mentioned prism comprises triangular prism, quadrangular prism, polygonal prism with more than five edges; Above-mentioned annular prism comprises circular annular prism, square annular prism or polygonal annular prism. Moreover, the flexible micropillars of the present invention can be in the shape of a trapezium or a column with irregular sides, such as a drum shape.
本发明的柔性微支柱具有弹性，是可以被压缩的，且压缩量比起目前其他用作微小支柱的材料(不锈钢、陶瓷)要大，可以容许微小支柱具有较大的弹性变形量。本发明的柔性微支柱在压缩后仍然可以有效的支撑玻璃板抵抗大气压力，更进一步，还可以配合玻璃板受到外力作用时配合玻璃板变形，如此可以防护玻璃板，使玻璃板不容易在支撑点处破裂。优选地，本发明的柔性微支柱在1大气压的压力的压缩下的高度不小于0.10mm，优选0.15-0.5mm，更优选为0.15-0.25mm。The flexible micro-pillar of the present invention has elasticity and can be compressed, and the amount of compression is larger than that of other materials (stainless steel, ceramics) currently used as micro-pillars, and can allow the micro-pillars to have a large amount of elastic deformation. The flexible micropillars of the present invention can still effectively support the glass plate against atmospheric pressure after being compressed. Furthermore, it can also cooperate with the deformation of the glass plate when the glass plate is subjected to external force, so that the glass plate can be protected so that the glass plate is not easy to break at the supporting point. Preferably, the height of the flexible micropillars of the present invention under compression at a pressure of 1 atmosphere is not less than 0.10 mm, preferably 0.15-0.5 mm, more preferably 0.15-0.25 mm.
本发明另一方面涉及一种真空玻璃，其是采用本发明所提供的柔性微支柱作为真空腔的微小支柱。该真空玻璃具有至少两块玻璃板，两块玻璃板之间形成真空腔，柔性微支柱分布在真空腔之中。Another aspect of the present invention relates to a vacuum glass, which adopts the flexible micro-pillar provided by the present invention as the micro-pillar of the vacuum chamber. The vacuum glass has at least two glass plates, a vacuum cavity is formed between the two glass plates, and flexible micro pillars are distributed in the vacuum cavity.
在本发明的一种具体实施方案中，所述柔性微支柱的热导率满足：In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the thermal conductivity of the flexible micropillars meets:
Figure PCTCN2022113328-appb-000004
Figure PCTCN2022113328-appb-000004
上式中C pillars为柔性微支柱的热导率，单位为W/(m 2·K)，k pillar是柔性微支柱的热导系数，单位为W/(m·K)，k g是玻璃的热导系数，单位为W/(m·K)，a是柔性微支柱的半径，单位为mm，b是柔性微支柱之间的间隔距离，单位为mm，h是柔性微支柱在压缩后的平衡高度，单位为mm。 In the above formula, C pillars is the thermal conductivity of the flexible micro-pillars in W/(m 2 K), k pillar is the thermal conductivity of the flexible micro-pillars in W/(m K), k g is the thermal conductivity of glass in W/(m K), a is the radius of the flexible micro-pillars in mm, b is the distance between the flexible micro-pillars in mm, and h is the equilibrium height of the flexible micro-pillars after compression, in mm.
在本发明的一种具体实施方案中，在真空玻璃中，柔性微支柱之间的间隔距离为不小于30mm，优选为40-60mm。In a specific embodiment of the present invention, in the vacuum glass, the distance between the flexible micro-pillars is not less than 30mm, preferably 40-60mm.
在本发明的一种具体实施方案中，在真空玻璃中，真空腔的高度为0.3mm以下，优选为0.15-0.25mm。In a specific embodiment of the present invention, in the vacuum glass, the height of the vacuum cavity is less than 0.3mm, preferably 0.15-0.25mm.
本发明提出创新的方法，使用玻璃纤维制成的柔性微支柱，大幅提升隔声的效果，同时利用柔性支柱的弹性作用能够降低玻璃受到外部冲击时在与微小支柱接触的位置发生过高应力导致玻璃破裂的几率。The invention proposes an innovative method, using flexible micro-pillars made of glass fibers, which can greatly improve the effect of sound insulation. At the same time, the elastic effect of the flexible struts can reduce the chance of glass breakage caused by excessive stress at the position where the glass is in contact with the micro-pillars when it is impacted by the outside.
本发明所使用的玻璃纤维主要成分一般是氧化铝与氧化硅，在1600℃以上的温度熔炼后制作成为直径小于10微米的短纤维，再经过特殊工艺滚压成为玻璃纤维布。The main components of the glass fiber used in the present invention are generally alumina and silicon oxide, which are melted at a temperature above 1600°C and made into short fibers with a diameter of less than 10 microns, and then rolled into glass fiber cloth by a special process.
以下以实施例对柔性微小支柱的制作方法进行具体说明，但本发明的技术方案不限于此：The manufacturing method of the flexible micro-pillar is described in detail below with examples, but the technical solution of the present invention is not limited thereto:
步骤1：玻璃纤维布可以由京凝科技(北京)有限公司购得，其材质包含氧化硅≥60％，氧化铝≥35％；商品名：气凝胶隔热布；宽度600mm(卷材)，厚度0.4mm，白色半透明，25℃常温下热导系数0.03W/m·K。Step 1: Glass fiber cloth can be purchased from Jingning Technology (Beijing) Co., Ltd., and its material contains silicon oxide ≥ 60%, aluminum oxide ≥ 35%; trade name: airgel insulation cloth; width 600mm (coil), thickness 0.4mm, white translucent, thermal conductivity at 25°C at room temperature 0.03W/m·K.
步骤2：该产品受到1大气压时厚度会弹性下降约60％，真空层高度设定为0.4mm，使用两片厚度为0.4mm的玻璃纤维布，中间夹一层厚度为80μm的金属箔，可以是但不限于铝箔、铜箔等等，三者总和后的起始厚度为0.88mm，抽真空至0.01Pa时，总厚度会降为0.40mm。不同高度的真空层的柔性支柱结构与起始厚度的设计，可以此类推。Step 2: When the product is subjected to 1 atmospheric pressure, the thickness will decrease by about 60%. The height of the vacuum layer is set to 0.4mm. Two pieces of glass fiber cloth with a thickness of 0.4mm are used, and a layer of metal foil with a thickness of 80μm is sandwiched between them. It can be but is not limited to aluminum foil, copper foil, etc. The initial thickness of the three is 0.88mm. The design of the flexible pillar structure and the initial thickness of the vacuum layer at different heights can be analogized.
步骤3：将上述三层或多层结构胶合后，将成品放至于120℃真空烘箱中排气，然后使用冲床与适当的模具将制成直径分别为0.3-1.0mm范围内的微支柱，并将制作好的微支柱收藏备用。图5A和图5B分别为冲模成型后的柔性支柱正视图与侧视图，其中，图5B中的曲线代表的是光学显微镜可视区域测量出来的外型，由图5A和图5B可以看出：圆形支柱在光学侧量下显示出来的外观是圆形，虽然不是正圆形，但可以确定柔性支柱是圆柱状。Step 3: After gluing the above-mentioned three-layer or multi-layer structure, put the finished product in a vacuum oven at 120°C to exhaust air, then use a punching machine and an appropriate mold to make micro-pillars with diameters ranging from 0.3-1.0 mm, and store the fabricated micro-pillars for future use. Figure 5A and Figure 5B are the front view and side view of the flexible strut after die forming, respectively, wherein the curve in Figure 5B represents the appearance measured by the visible area of the optical microscope, and it can be seen from Figure 5A and Figure 5B that the appearance of the circular strut under the optical side measurement is circular. Although it is not a perfect circle, it can be determined that the flexible strut is cylindrical.
隔声量测试Sound insulation test
实施例提供的柔性微支柱的多层结构中包含了超细玻璃纤维组成的纤维布，纤维布内80％的体积是空气，放置于真空层里，原先空气的部分就变成真空，真空可以降低热导与隔声，同时纤维布属于一种开放式多孔材料，这种材料本身具有良好的吸音能力，在两层或多层的纤维布之间夹上至少一层的金属箔或合金箔，由于金属箔、合金箔本身是致密材料，具有比较好的反射声波能力，因此，当外部声波经由第一层玻璃板传入第一层纤维布时，一部分的声波会被玻璃纤维布内的真空阻挡，另外一部分声波会被玻璃纤维会吸收，还有一部分的声波可以经由玻璃纤维继续传递；继续传递的声波到达金属箔/合金箔时，一部分会被金属箔/合金箔反射，反射波在经由玻璃纤维回到第一层玻璃板，然后一部分反射的声波由玻璃板吸收或向外传递，还有一小部分再经由玻璃板表面反射回玻璃纤维，此一反射过程会重复发生，在重复反射往返的过程中声波会逐渐被玻璃纤维的吸音功能所吸收，因此，可以得到比较好的隔声效果。The multi-layer structure of the flexible micro-pillar provided by the embodiment includes a fiber cloth composed of ultrafine glass fibers. 80% of the volume in the fiber cloth is air. When placed in a vacuum layer, the original part of the air becomes a vacuum. The vacuum can reduce heat conduction and sound insulation. At the same time, the fiber cloth is an open porous material. When the sound wave passes through the first layer of glass plate into the first layer of fiber cloth, part of the sound wave will be blocked by the vacuum inside the glass fiber cloth, another part of the sound wave will be absorbed by the glass fiber, and a part of the sound wave can continue to pass through the glass fiber; In the process of repeated reflections, the sound waves will be gradually absorbed by the sound-absorbing function of the glass fiber, so a better sound insulation effect can be obtained.
对于到达金属箔/合金箔的声波，除了上述的反射之外，还会有一部分声波穿透金属 箔/合金箔传达到第二层的玻璃纤维布，金属箔/合金箔本身虽然也会吸收一些声波，但吸收量不会太明显，因为金属、合金是比较好的声波反射材料，吸音能力不明显。同理，传达到第二层玻璃纤维布的声波已经历第一层纤维布的衰减过程，在第二层纤维布里也同样会发生金属箔/合金箔与第二层玻璃板之间的声波重复反射与吸收，最终仅有残余的一部分声波会传达到第二层玻璃的外侧。For the sound waves reaching the metal foil/alloy foil, in addition to the above reflection, part of the sound waves will pass through the metal foil/alloy foil and be transmitted to the second layer of glass fiber cloth. Although the metal foil/alloy foil itself will absorb some sound waves, the amount of absorption will not be too obvious, because metal and alloy are relatively good sound wave reflection materials, and the sound absorption capacity is not obvious. In the same way, the sound waves transmitted to the second layer of glass fiber cloth have undergone the attenuation process of the first layer of fiber cloth, and repeated reflection and absorption of sound waves between the metal foil/alloy foil and the second layer of glass plate will also occur in the second layer of fiber cloth, and finally only a part of the remaining sound waves will be transmitted to the outside of the second layer of glass.
根据国家标准GB-T 18696.1-2004中的规定，针对中空玻璃、使用不同微支柱的真空玻璃进行隔声量的测试，构成微支柱的不同材料包括不锈钢微珠、空心玻璃微珠、实心玻璃微珠、多孔玻璃微珠、超细玻璃纤维布(即本发明的柔性微支柱的原料)，试样由两片厚度为1.8mm的钠钙玻璃和厚度为1.8mm的中间夹层组成。将受测材料填入夹层中进行测量，使用杭州爱华AWA6290T型隔声/吸音系数测试系统，试验结果整理于下表2中。According to the regulations in the national standard GB-T 18696.1-2004, the sound insulation is tested for insulating glass and vacuum glass using different micropillars. The different materials constituting the micropillars include stainless steel microbeads, hollow glass microbeads, solid glass microspheres, porous glass microbeads, and ultrafine glass fiber cloth (that is, the raw material of the flexible micropillars of the present invention). The sample consists of two pieces of soda-lime glass with a thickness of 1.8mm and an interlayer with a thickness of 1.8mm. Fill the material under test into the interlayer for measurement, and use Hangzhou Aihua AWA6290T sound insulation/absorption coefficient test system. The test results are summarized in Table 2 below.
表2Table 2
Figure PCTCN2022113328-appb-000005
Figure PCTCN2022113328-appb-000005
Figure PCTCN2022113328-appb-000006
Figure PCTCN2022113328-appb-000006
由表2的结果可以看出：It can be seen from the results in Table 2 that:
无论以哪一种材质做成的微支柱，真空玻璃的隔声量均大于同规格的中空玻璃；No matter what kind of micro-pillars are made of, the sound insulation of vacuum glass is greater than that of insulating glass of the same specification;
以超细玻璃纤维布为主构成的柔性微支柱的隔声效率高于不锈钢微珠、空心或多孔结构的玻璃微珠等微小支柱。The sound insulation efficiency of flexible micropillars mainly composed of ultrafine glass fiber cloth is higher than that of stainless steel microbeads, hollow or porous glass microbeads and other micropillars.
由此可以证明，玻璃纤维布为主体的柔性微支柱在隔声功能上也明显胜出。单就目前市场上销售的真空玻璃所使用的不锈钢微支柱与本发明中所制作的玻璃纤维微支柱做比较，后者的计权隔声量(Rw)比前者进步了22％，高达44dB；后者的低频平均隔声量比前者进步了35％，高达46.6dB。It can be proved that the flexible micro-pillar with glass fiber cloth as the main body is also obviously superior in sound insulation function. Just compare the used stainless steel micro-pillars of the vacuum glass sold on the market with the glass fiber micro-pillars made in the present invention, the weighted sound insulation (Rw) of the latter has improved by 22% than the former, up to 44dB; the low-frequency average sound insulation of the latter has improved by 35% than the former, up to 46.6dB.

Claims (35)

  1. 一种用于真空玻璃的柔性微支柱，其中，该柔性微支柱具有至少一层玻璃纤维层。A flexible micro-pillar for vacuum glass, wherein the flexible micro-pillar has at least one glass fiber layer.
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的柔性微支柱，其中，该柔性微支柱具有两层以上的玻璃纤维层组成的复合结构。The flexible micro-pillar according to claim 1, wherein the flexible micro-pillar has a composite structure composed of more than two glass fiber layers.
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的柔性微支柱，其中，该柔性微支柱具有至少两层玻璃纤维层与至少一层金属层和/或合金层组成的复合结构，所述金属层和/或合金层位于两层玻璃纤维层之间。The flexible micropillar according to claim 2, wherein the flexible micropillar has a composite structure of at least two layers of glass fiber layers and at least one metal layer and/or alloy layer, and the metal layer and/or alloy layer is located between the two layers of glass fiber layers.
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的柔性微支柱，其中，该柔性微支柱具有至少三层玻璃纤维层与至少两层金属层和/或合金层组成的复合结构，其中，所述金属层和/或合金层间隔设置于玻璃纤维层之间。The flexible micropillar according to claim 3, wherein the flexible micropillar has a composite structure of at least three layers of glass fiber layers and at least two layers of metal layers and/or alloy layers, wherein the metal layers and/or alloy layers are arranged at intervals between the glass fiber layers.
  5. 根据权利要求1-4任一项所述的柔性微支柱，其中，所述玻璃纤维层的厚度为0.1mm至3.0mm。The flexible micropillar according to any one of claims 1-4, wherein the thickness of the glass fiber layer is 0.1 mm to 3.0 mm.
  6. 根据权利要求3-5任一项所述的柔性微支柱，其中，所述金属层或合金层的厚度为0.3mm以下。The flexible micropillar according to any one of claims 3-5, wherein the thickness of the metal layer or alloy layer is less than 0.3mm.
  7. 根据权利要求3-5任一项所述的柔性微支柱，其中，所述金属层或合金层的厚度为0.01mm至0.3mm。The flexible micropillar according to any one of claims 3-5, wherein the thickness of the metal layer or alloy layer is 0.01 mm to 0.3 mm.
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的柔性微支柱，其中，该柔性微支柱的直径为0.2mm-2.0mm。The flexible micro-pillar according to claim 1, wherein the diameter of the flexible micro-pillar is 0.2mm-2.0mm.
  9. 根据权利要求1所述的柔性微支柱，其中，该柔性微支柱的直径为0.2mm-0.5mm。The flexible micro-pillar according to claim 1, wherein the diameter of the flexible micro-pillar is 0.2mm-0.5mm.
  10. 根据权利要求1所述的柔性微支柱，其中，该柔性微支柱的导热系数≤1W/m·K(25℃)。The flexible micropillar according to claim 1, wherein the thermal conductivity of the flexible micropillar is ≤1W/m·K (25°C).
  11. 根据权利要求1所述的柔性微支柱，其中，该柔性微支柱的导热系数≤0.25W/m·K(25℃)。The flexible micropillar according to claim 1, wherein the thermal conductivity of the flexible micropillar is ≤0.25W/m·K (25°C).
  12. 根据权利要求1-11任一项所述的柔性微支柱，其中，所述玻璃纤维层是由超细玻璃纤维制成的。The flexible micropillar according to any one of claims 1-11, wherein the glass fiber layer is made of ultrafine glass fibers.
  13. 根据权利要求12所述的柔性微支柱，其中，所述超细玻璃纤维的材质为铝硅玻璃、硼铝硅玻璃、钠钙玻璃、硼硅玻璃和石英玻璃中的一种或两种以上的组合。The flexible micropillar according to claim 12, wherein the material of the ultrafine glass fiber is one or a combination of two or more of aluminosilicate glass, borosilicate glass, soda lime glass, borosilicate glass and quartz glass.
  14. 根据权利要求1-13任一项所述的柔性微支柱，其中，所述玻璃纤维层的导热系数≤0.03W/m·K(25℃)。The flexible micropillar according to any one of claims 1-13, wherein the thermal conductivity of the glass fiber layer is ≤0.03W/m·K (25°C).
  15. 根据权利要求1-14任一项所述的柔性微支柱，其中，所述玻璃纤维层的比表面积为700-800m 2/g。 The flexible micropillar according to any one of claims 1-14, wherein the specific surface area of the glass fiber layer is 700-800m 2 /g.
  16. 根据权利要求3-5任一项所述的柔性微支柱，其中，所述金属层的材质包括铝、铜、铁、锡、锌中的一种；The flexible micropillar according to any one of claims 3-5, wherein the material of the metal layer comprises one of aluminum, copper, iron, tin, and zinc;
    所述合金层的材质包括铝、铜、铁、锡、锌中的两种以上元素的合金。The material of the alloy layer includes an alloy of two or more elements among aluminum, copper, iron, tin, and zinc.
  17. 根据权利要求16所述的柔性微支柱，其中，所述合金包括不锈钢。The flexible micropillar of claim 16, wherein the alloy comprises stainless steel.
  18. 根据权利要求1-17任一项所述的柔性微支柱，其中，该柔性微支柱的截面为圆形、椭圆形、长方形、三角形、五条边以上的多边形、环形。The flexible micro-pillar according to any one of claims 1-17, wherein the cross-section of the flexible micro-pillar is circular, elliptical, rectangular, triangular, polygonal with more than five sides, or annular.
  19. 根据权利要求18所述的柔性微支柱，其中，所述环形包括圆环、方环、三角环、多边环、中空部分与外周不同形状的不规则环形。The flexible micropillar according to claim 18, wherein the ring includes a circular ring, a square ring, a triangular ring, a polygonal ring, and an irregular ring with different shapes of the hollow part and the outer periphery.
  20. 根据权利要求1-19任一项所述的柔性微支柱，其中，该柔性微支柱整体为台形或柱形。The flexible micropillar according to any one of claims 1-19, wherein the flexible micropillar is generally in the shape of a trapezoid or a column.
  21. 根据权利要求20所述的柔性微支柱，其中，所述台形包括圆台、椭圆台、棱台或环形台。The flexible micro-pillar according to claim 20, wherein the truncated shape comprises a circular truncated, elliptical truncated, edged truncated or annular truncated.
  22. 根据权利要求21所述的柔性微支柱，其中，所述棱台包括三棱台、四棱台、五条棱以上的多棱台；所述环形台包括圆环形台、方环形台或多边形棱台。The flexible micropillar according to claim 21, wherein the truss includes a triangular truss, a quadrangular truss, and a polygonal truss with more than five edges; the annular truss includes a circular truss, a square annular truss or a polygonal truss.
  23. 根据权利要求20所述的柔性微支柱，其中，所述柱形包括圆柱形、椭圆柱形、长方柱形、棱柱形或环形柱形。The flexible micro-pillar according to claim 20, wherein the columnar shape comprises a cylindrical shape, an elliptical cylindrical shape, a rectangular cylindrical shape, a prismatic cylindrical shape or a circular cylindrical shape.
  24. 根据权利要求23所述的柔性微支柱，其中，所述棱柱包括三棱柱、四棱柱、五条棱以上的多棱柱；所述环形柱包括圆环形柱、方环形柱或多边环形棱柱。The flexible micropillar according to claim 23, wherein the prisms include triangular prisms, quadrangular prisms, and polygonal prisms with more than five edges; and the annular prisms include circular annular prisms, square annular prisms or polygonal annular prisms.
  25. 根据权利要求1-24任一项所述的柔性微支柱，其中，该柔性微支柱为侧面不规则的台形或柱形。The flexible micro-pillar according to any one of claims 1-24, wherein the flexible micro-pillar is in the shape of a platform or a column with irregular sides.
  26. 根据权利要求25所述的柔性微支柱，其中，该柔性微支柱为鼓形柱。The flexible micropillar according to claim 25, wherein the flexible micropillar is a drum-shaped pillar.
  27. 根据权利要求1-26任一项所述的柔性微支柱，其中，该柔性微支柱在1大气压的压力的压缩下的高度不小于0.10mm。The flexible micropillar according to any one of claims 1-26, wherein the height of the flexible micropillar under compression at a pressure of 1 atmosphere is not less than 0.10 mm.
  28. 根据权利要求1-26任一项所述的柔性微支柱，其中，该柔性微支柱在1大气压的压力的压缩下的高度为0.15-0.5mm。The flexible micropillar according to any one of claims 1-26, wherein the height of the flexible micropillar under compression at a pressure of 1 atmosphere is 0.15-0.5mm.
  29. 根据权利要求1-26任一项所述的柔性微支柱，其中，该柔性微支柱在1大气压的压力的压缩下的高度为0.15-0.25mm。The flexible micropillar according to any one of claims 1-26, wherein the height of the flexible micropillar under compression at a pressure of 1 atmosphere is 0.15-0.25mm.
  30. 一种真空玻璃，其是采用权利要求1-29任一项所述的柔性微支柱作为真空腔的 微小支柱。A kind of vacuum glass, it is to adopt the flexible micro pillar described in any one of claim 1-29 as the tiny pillar of vacuum cavity.
  31. 根据权利要求30所述的真空玻璃，其中，所述柔性微支柱的热导率满足：The vacuum glass according to claim 30, wherein the thermal conductivity of the flexible micro-pillars satisfies:
    Figure PCTCN2022113328-appb-100001
    Figure PCTCN2022113328-appb-100001
    上式中C pillars为柔性微支柱的热导率，单位为W/(m 2·K)，k pillar是柔性微支柱的热导系数，单位为W/(m·K)，k g是玻璃的热导系数，单位为W/(m·K)，a是柔性微支柱的半径，单位为mm，b是柔性微支柱之间的间隔距离，单位为mm，h是柔性微支柱的高度，单位为mm。 In the above formula, C pillars is the thermal conductivity of the flexible micro-pillars in W/( m K), k pillar is the thermal conductivity of the flexible micro-pillars in W/(m K), k g is the thermal conductivity of the glass in W/(m K), a is the radius of the flexible micro-pillars in mm, b is the distance between the flexible micro-pillars in mm, and h is the height of the flexible micro-pillars in mm.
  32. 根据权利要求30或31所述的真空玻璃，其中，所述柔性微支柱之间的间隔距离为不小于30mm。The vacuum glass according to claim 30 or 31, wherein the distance between the flexible micro-pillars is not less than 30mm.
  33. 根据权利要求30或31所述的真空玻璃，其中，所述柔性微支柱之间的间隔距离为40-60mm。The vacuum glass according to claim 30 or 31, wherein the distance between the flexible micro pillars is 40-60mm.
  34. 根据权利要求30-33任一项所述的真空玻璃，其中，所述真空腔的高度为0.3mm以下。The vacuum glass according to any one of claims 30-33, wherein the height of the vacuum chamber is less than 0.3 mm.
  35. 根据权利要求30-33任一项所述的真空玻璃，其中，所述真空腔的高度为0.15-0.25mm。The vacuum glass according to any one of claims 30-33, wherein the height of the vacuum cavity is 0.15-0.25mm.
PCT/CN2022/113328 2022-01-21 2022-08-18 Flexible micro support pillar for vacuum insulating glass and vacuum insulating glass WO2023138044A1 (en)

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Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1168708A (en) * 1994-10-19 1997-12-24 悉尼大学 Design improvements to vacuum glazing
US20010012545A1 (en) * 1999-11-16 2001-08-09 Raymond Nalepka Vacuum IG window unit with fiber inclusive edge seal
CN1800069A (en) * 2005-12-02 2006-07-12 张煊 Vacuum glass with tough and flexible composite support
CN110156347A (en) * 2019-03-19 2019-08-23 武汉理工大学 A kind of supporter is the vacuum glass and preparation method thereof of fiberglass grid

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1168708A (en) * 1994-10-19 1997-12-24 悉尼大学 Design improvements to vacuum glazing
US20010012545A1 (en) * 1999-11-16 2001-08-09 Raymond Nalepka Vacuum IG window unit with fiber inclusive edge seal
CN1800069A (en) * 2005-12-02 2006-07-12 张煊 Vacuum glass with tough and flexible composite support
CN110156347A (en) * 2019-03-19 2019-08-23 武汉理工大学 A kind of supporter is the vacuum glass and preparation method thereof of fiberglass grid

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