JP5224116B2 - Laminated glass and laminated glass member - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to laminated glass used as various window plate members for buildings, automobiles, electronic devices, and the like, and a laminated glass member using the laminated glass.

  Laminated glass is generally obtained by joining resin between two plate glasses, and is used for structural materials such as buildings and automobiles. Laminated glass has higher mechanical strength such as penetration resistance than conventional window glass, and is widely used to ensure safety and security. In recent years, in addition to mechanical strength, attempts have been made to add various performances such as soundproofing, heat retaining properties, and heat insulating properties, and many inventions have been proposed.

  For example, Patent Document 1 discloses a laminated glass for automobile windows having high safety and comfortability. In this invention, the laminated glass which contributes to ensuring the safety | security and comfort in a vehicle by using it as a front windshield glass is shown. This laminated glass is obtained by laminating and laminating an intermediate film between two sheet glasses. By controlling the intermediate film so as to be held in a temperature range of 10 ° C. to 50 ° C., quietness and impact resistance are achieved. It can be said that the performance such as.

  Patent Document 2 discloses a laminated glass excellent in impact resistance and crime prevention because the glass is difficult to peel off. In this laminated glass, as a laminated glass excellent in impact resistance and peel resistance having crime prevention performance, an interlayer film having a low Young's modulus effective for reducing peeling of a glass piece is laminated on both surfaces of the interlayer film having a high Young's modulus. The laminated film is inserted between the glass plates. By adopting such a configuration, the laminated glass of the present invention is useful as a window glass for building materials and the like, and has a performance that makes it difficult to break through by a flying object or to enter from the outside.

Patent Document 3 discloses a bulletproof laminated glass that is less likely to cause a problem of heat deformation due to direct sunlight or the like. In the present invention, a bulletproof glass that suppresses a decrease in light transmittance, suppresses occurrence of problems due to temperature rise such as deformation and separation of members, and maintains good bulletproof performance is shown. This bulletproof glass uses a chemically tempered glass plate, and the thermal expansion coefficient of the resin film of the material is set between the glass plate and the resin plate, thereby eliminating the problems of deformation and interlayer separation caused by the difference in thermal expansion. It is said.
JP-A-5-310450 JP 2003-192402 A JP 2006-124255 A

  However, the inventions proposed so far are not sufficient to satisfy the current various needs. While issues such as earthquake-resistant security for high-rise buildings and preparations for responding to the Great East Japan Earthquake have been raised, demands for security in the living environment and transportation facilities are increasing. Therefore, window materials that are much safer than before are always the subject of interest and demand. Therefore, if it is possible to realize the specifications that ensure the safety more than conventional for the window material constituting the building, it is inevitable for consumers to adopt it as much as possible.

  As a disaster factor to the living environment, an earthquake is first recalled as a disaster that causes a trouble in a comfortable living environment, but besides the earthquake there is a strong wind due to a typhoon or the like. Under strong winds, various objects rolled up by the wind destroy the window glass of the building. Strong winds blown into buildings destroy indoor installations and structures. Then, the pieces of installed products and structures collide with other structures on strong winds. This secondary damage is a factor that increases the damage caused by strong winds. Therefore, strengthening the window material and preventing blowing into the building is important in reducing damage caused by strong winds. In addition, there are cases in which the damage caused by the secondary damage will be further increased, such as a third-order damage. Therefore, strengthening the window material is important in reducing damage caused by winds such as typhoons.

  In recent years, there have been major structural changes in the social situation, such as an increase in the number of elderly households and an increase in the number of single residents. In connection with this, the window material for housing | casing is calculated | required the robustness which can stop an illegal invasion indoors as crime prevention. Specifically, there is a need for a window material that has a high crime prevention property that does not easily cause the window material to be broken and penetrated, and that has high durability against destruction and penetration.

  In view of the situation, the present invention completely destroys the window material due to the deformation of the window frame around the window material even when the building using the window material is greatly damaged by a disaster such as a large earthquake. It is possible to continue to maintain the space shielding that prevents secondary damage such as fire and flood caused by the earthquake, and even if the window material is destroyed to some extent, the external force is removed. After that, an object of the present invention is to provide a laminated glass having performance that allows the shape of the window material to be easily restored, so-called elastic deformation, and a laminated glass member that uses this laminated glass.

  The present inventor studied the phenomenon of laminated glass breaking due to a large external force. As a result, if the specific structure near the center in the thickness direction of the laminated glass, specifically the structure of the central part of the laminated glass, and the position of the plate glass near the central part constituting the laminated glass are limited, all the layers of the laminated glass However, since it is not easily broken, it has been found that even if the shape of the laminated glass is deformed by receiving a large external force, it is easy to return to the original shape after the external force is removed. And the laminated glass which limited the position of the plate glass precisely, ie, the laminated glass which limited the plate glass structure of the sheet thickness direction center part of a laminated glass, and the laminated glass member which uses this laminated glass are shown here.

The laminated glass of the present invention is a laminated glass in which three or more sheet glasses are laminated via a resin layer, and is a sheet glass having a shortest distance in the sheet thickness direction with respect to a central position P in the sheet thickness direction of the laminated glass. distance T to a thickness of the center position C is, 1.0 mm Ri der less, the thickness of the glass sheet with the center position P to the shortest distance in the thickness direction is at 4mm or less, at least one of which faces in the direction of plate thickness The outer surface of the laminated glass is made of plate glass, the thickness of the plate glass arranged on the outermost side of at least one side of the front and back is less than 1 mm, the distance between fulcrums is 120 mm, and the crosshead speed is 0.5 mm / min. Young's modulus by the measurement conditions of the test, characterized in der Rukoto below 40 GPa.

  The claims of this application will be described below. First, the laminated structure of plate glass is one in which at least three plate glasses that can display components by mass percentage display in terms of inorganic oxide are superposed and a resin is interposed therebetween. The thickness of the laminated glass is measured from at least one light-transmitting surface facing the laminated glass in the thickness direction, and the center of the laminated glass is defined as the center position P in the thickness direction. That is, the center position P in the thickness direction of the laminated glass is a position corresponding to a position that is exactly half of t, where t is the thickness of the laminated glass. The shortest distance from the center position P in the thickness direction to the light transmission surface of the laminated glass is Tp, and the light transmission surface of the laminated glass from the thickness center position C of the plate glass that is the closest to the center position P in the thickness direction. When the shortest distance to Tc is Tc, the absolute value of the difference between Tp and Tc, that is, the distance T is 1.0 mm or less.

  The structure of the laminated glass of the present invention will be specifically described with reference to the partial cross-sectional explanatory view of FIG. In FIG. 1, 10 is a laminated glass, 20a is a translucent surface of the laminated glass 10, 20b is the other translucent surface of the laminated glass 10, 30 is an end surface of the laminated glass, 40, 40a, 40b, 40c, 40d. Is a glass sheet, 50, 50a, 50b, and 50c are resin layers, t is the thickness of the laminated glass, Tp is the distance from the center position P in the thickness direction of the laminated glass 10 to the translucent surface of the laminated glass 10, and Tc is the laminated glass The distance from the plate thickness central position C of the plate glass closest to the central position P in the plate thickness direction of the glass 10 to the translucent surface of the laminated glass 10, T is the absolute value of the difference between Tc and Tp, that is, the plate thickness direction of the laminated glass The distance from the center position P to the sheet thickness center position C of the glass sheet.

  The laminated glass 10 has a structure in which three resin layers 50 are sandwiched between four plate glasses 40. The two light-transmitting surfaces 20a and 20b facing each other in the plate thickness direction are each formed of a glass plate 40. In order to distinguish each of the glass plates 40, it represents as 40a, 40b, 40c, 40d. The thickness of each plate glass 40 is 0.7 mm, 40 b is 0.7 mm, 40 c is 0.5 mm, and 40 d is 0.4 mm in order from the transparent surface 20 a side to the transparent surface 20 b side of the laminated glass. Each of them is 7 mm, and each is composed of a plate thickness of less than 1 mm. And the thickness of the resin layer 50 between these plate glasses 40 is 0.5 mm for 50a, 0.5 mm for 50b, and 0 for 50c in order from the transparent surface 20a side of the laminated glass 10 to the transparent surface 20b side. .5mm. For this reason, the total thickness t of this laminated glass 10 is 4.1 mm. Therefore, the distance Tp from the translucent surface 20a of the laminated glass 10 to the center of the laminated glass plate thickness t, that is, the central position P is 2.05 mm. The center position P in the plate thickness direction is located at a position crossing the resin layer 50b, and is located at a position of 0.15 mm from the boundary between the plate glass 40b and the resin layer 50b toward the light transmitting surface 20b. Further, the plate glass layer closest to the center position P in the thickness direction of the laminated glass 10 has a distance from the center position P to the boundary between the resin layer 40b and the plate glass 50b of 0.15 mm, and from the center position P to the resin layer 40c and the plate glass 50b. Since the distance to the boundary is 0.35 mm, it is the plate glass layer 40b. The plate thickness center position C of 40b is located at a position 1.55 mm from the translucent surface 20a, and Tc is 1.55 mm. Since the distance Tp from the center position P in the thickness direction of the laminated glass to the translucent surface 20a of the laminated glass 10 is 2.05 mm, the Tp value of 2.05 mm is subtracted from the Tc value of 1.55 mm. When T is obtained, it becomes 0.5 mm. This distance T has a dimension of 1.0 mm or less and satisfies the constituent requirements of the present invention.

  It is a laminated glass in which three or more plate glasses are laminated via a resin layer, and the plate glass has a shortest distance in the plate thickness direction to the plate thickness central position C with respect to the central position P in the plate thickness direction of the laminated glass. If the distance T exceeds 1.0 mm, it is not preferable because the laminated glass is poor in performance of restoring its shape after receiving an external force, that is, in its shape restoring property. From such a viewpoint, in the present invention, a more preferable value of T is 0.9 mm or less, and a more preferable value of T is 0.8 mm or less.

  Moreover, since the fracture toughness tends to be lowered when the number of plate glasses constituting the laminated glass in which the plate glasses are laminated via the resin layer is 2 or less, it is not preferable.

  As the plate glass constituting the laminated glass in the present invention, a plate glass of any material can be adopted as long as it has desired performance with respect to visible light permeability and weather resistance. For example, plate glass composed of various glass single phases such as soda lime glass, potassium borate glass, borosilicate glass, aluminosilicate glass, barium silicate glass, titanate glass, alkali-free glass, phosphate glass and quartz glass may be used. . Moreover, phase separation glass and crystallized glass may be used. However, since the plate glass constituting the outermost layer preferably has chemical durability suitable for practical use, for example, borosilicate glass, alkali-free glass, quartz glass, and aluminosilicate glass are preferable.

  Moreover, as a resin layer which comprises the laminated glass of this invention, if a plate glass can be joined firmly and it is excellent in the transmittance | permeability with respect to visible light, it can be used. For example, acrylic (or methacrylic) resin, olefin resin, urethane resin, ether resin, epoxy resin, vinyl acetate resin, aqueous polymer-isocyanate resin, styrene-butadiene rubber solution resin, silicone resin, A polyimide resin, a phenol resin, a melamine resin, a polyvinyl resin, a nitro resin, a cyanoacrylate resin, a vinyl chloride resin, a chloroprene rubber resin, or the like may be used as appropriate.

  Regarding the laminated glass of the present invention, the thickness of the plate glass and the resin layer constituting the laminated glass is measured using various measuring instruments such as a calibrated microscope with a microgauge and measuring instruments such as a caliper and a microgauge. do it.

  Regarding the method of forming laminated glass, a method in which a liquid resin is applied to a sheet glass and the layers are laminated, a method in which a liquid resin is allowed to flow into the gap between the laminated glasses, or a film-like or plate-like resin is stacked on the sheet glass. A method of repeating the lamination may be used. In any method, after lamination, pressurization or heating is performed in accordance with the characteristics of the resin to achieve adhesion between the laminations. Also, methods other than those listed here can be employed as long as they can firmly bond a plurality of plate glasses and resins without causing unnecessary voids or defects.

In the laminated glass of the present invention, since the thickness of the plate glass at the shortest distance in the plate thickness direction from the central position P in the plate thickness direction of the laminated glass is 4 mm or less, a large stress is applied from the outside, so that the laminated glass is on both sides be irregularly deformed, the plate glass layer near the center position in the thickness direction of the laminated glass, flexibly deformed, it is rather name that excessive stress in and around the vicinity of the resin is too concentrated, irreversible Deformation such as tearing is unlikely to occur and damage can be avoided. Thereby, high deformation tolerance is obtained with respect to all layer breakage of a laminated glass.

  Here, the thickness of the plate glass at the shortest distance in the plate thickness direction from the center position P in the plate thickness direction of the laminated glass is 4 mm or less. It means that the thickness of the plate glass (near the center or the central glass layer) having the closest interface with the layer is 4 mm or less.

  When the thickness of the sheet glass closest to the central position P in the sheet thickness direction of the laminated glass exceeds 4 mm, the internal structure cannot be flexibly deformed corresponding to the deformation of the laminated glass, and high deformation tolerance, that is, the laminated glass Since it is difficult to obtain the structure recoverability, it is not preferable.

The laminated glass of the present invention, the outer surface of at least one of the laminated glass opposite to the plate thickness direction in addition to the above, since made of plate glass, the front and back surfaces of the laminated glass, the glass specific resistance to scratch resistance and appearance In addition, higher cleaning properties and excellent chemical durability can be obtained. In this case, the front and back surfaces of the laminated glass have almost the same hardness. Therefore, when this laminated glass is applied to a building or the like, the mechanical surface is stable on both the outdoor side and the indoor side of the building. Realize performance. Furthermore, when the laminated structure of the laminated glass is a symmetric structure with respect to the plane including the center position P, there is no distinction between the front and back surfaces of the laminated glass. This is preferable in terms of simple management and construction of the laminated glass of the present invention.

In addition to the above, the laminated glass of the present invention has a thickness of less than 1 mm on the outermost plate glass disposed on at least one side of the front and back, so that the laminated glass is greatly deformed when a large external force is applied. Since the applied force can be relaxed and the laminated glass has such a large deformation tolerance, even if the outermost sheet glass is broken, the entire laminated glass is not easily broken. Will be demonstrated.

  The thickness of the plate glass disposed on the outermost side on at least one side of the front and back is less than 1 mm. At least the outermost plate glass has a thickness dimension in the direction perpendicular to the light-transmitting surface facing the laminated glass of 1 mm. Since it is composed of less plate glass, the flexible glass has a high deformation tolerance (flexibility) against external force as described above, and thus a laminated glass having a mechanically tenacious structure can be obtained.

  In order to further enhance the deformation tolerance of the laminated glass, it is more preferable that the thickness of the plate glass of 50% or more of all the plate glasses constituting the laminated glass is less than 1 mm. More preferably, 70% or more of the plate glass is less than 1 mm in thickness, and more preferably, all the plate glasses are less than 1 mm in thickness.

  In addition to the above, the laminated glass of the present invention can easily adhere the glass plate and the resin layer to each other as long as the resin layer contains a thermoplastic resin. It is preferable because peeling between the glass plate and the resin layer hardly occurs.

  Here, the resin layer containing a thermoplastic resin means that 80% by mass or more of the components of the resin layer is composed of a thermoplastic resin. When the thermoplastic resin is heated, the complex polymer molecules partially become fluid with each other, exhibit a softened state, and exhibit softening and fluidity. On the other hand, when this resin is cooled, the free movement of each part of the polymer becomes difficult, resulting in solidification. This thermal change proceeds reversibly, has no decomposition products and volatiles, and has a small environmental load. Additives can be appropriately added to the resin layer. As the additive, an appropriate amount of an additive such as a polymerization inhibitor, a polymerization accelerator, an antioxidant, or a viscosity modifier may be mixed.

  Examples of the thermoplastic resin include polyvinyl chloride (PVC), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), urea resin (UP), polyethylene (PE), polybutylene terephthalate (PBT), cellulose acetate (CA), and diallyl phthalate resin (DAP). , Ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA), methacrylic resin (PMA), polyvinyl butyral (PVB), polyvinyl formal (PVF), melamine resin (MF), unsaturated polyester (UP), polypropylene (PP), polystyrene (PS) ), Polyvinyl alcohol (PVAL), vinyl acetate resin (PVAc), ionomer (IO), polymethylpentene (TPX), vinylidene chloride (PVDC), polysulfone (PSF), polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), meta Lil - styrene copolymer resin (MS), polyarylate (PAR), polyallyl sulfone (PASF), polybutadiene (BR), polyether sulfone (PESF), polyetheretherketone (PEEK) can be used. Among these resins, ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA) and polyvinyl butyral (PVB) are more preferable in terms of adhesion to a glass plate and prevention of peeling at the time of deformation.

The laminated glass of the present invention, the distance between fulcrums 120mm In addition to the above, since the Young's modulus by the measurement conditions of the three-point bending of a crosshead speed of 0.5 mm / min test is less than 40 GPa, sufficient in shaping a soft structure Performance can be demonstrated. In this case, it is suitable for realizing a daylighting window having two performances of shape deformability and shape restoration property.

  The above three-point bending test will be supplementarily described here. In the measurement of the three-point bending test, a plate-like sample having a length of 180 mm and a width of 50 mm is prepared, and the sample is placed on two support bars placed at intervals of 120 mm. Then, the pressure is applied by lowering the indenter on the intermediate line of the two support bars from above at a speed of 0.5 mm / min. From the amount of deformation of the plate with respect to the load, the Young's modulus can be calculated as an elastic coefficient. In this invention, when an elastic coefficient is measured from the deformation degree of the plate-shaped material at the time of elastic deformation, it represents that the value becomes a value of 40 GPa or less.

  If the Young's modulus according to the measurement conditions of the three-point bending test with a distance between fulcrums of 120 mm and a crosshead speed of 0.5 mm / min exceeds 40 GPa, the glass becomes difficult to deform even when an external force is applied, and the material structure of the product of the present invention In this case, the amount of limit displacement until breakage becomes small. This indicates that durability against shape change is reduced and shape restoration properties are also reduced, which is not preferable.

  Next, a specific procedure for measuring the Young's modulus of the laminated glass in a three-point bending test is shown. First, a laminated glass having a predetermined outer dimension, that is, a length of 180 mm and a width of 50 mm is prepared. Next, this laminated glass is placed on a sample table composed of two rolls of a pressure strength test apparatus that performs three-point bending. At this time, the load cell of the pressure strength test apparatus is calibrated in advance. The distance between the fulcrum points of the sample stage is set to 120 mm, and the indenter is adjusted in advance so that the lowered position of the indenter is at the center between the fulcrum rolls. Then, the indenter is lowered at a rate of 0.5 mm / min in the atmosphere at room temperature and normal pressure, and the deflection displacement amount X and the applied weight value W of the laminated glass at the indenter contact point are measured as needed.

FIG. 2 shows a graph for explaining the relationship between the deflection displacement amount X of the laminated glass and the applied weight value W at the contact point of the indenter. In FIG. 2, X ₁ and X ₂ are deflection displacement amounts at the indenter contact point of the laminated glass, W ₁ and W ₂ are applied weight values by the indenter, Xf is a deflection displacement amount at the time of primary fracture, and Wf is a magnitude at the time of primary fracture. The applied weight value by the indenter, Xm, represents the amount of deflection displacement when all the layers of the laminated glass break. In applying the load range where X and W represents a linear relationship, combined when deflection displacement of the glass is X = X _1, the load引加weight W by the indenter is W = W _1, deflection displacement amount X = X ₂ when applied load weight is W = _{W 2.} When a larger load is applied and the deflection displacement amount reaches X = Xf and the displacement load reaches W = Wf, the laminated glass is primarily broken. In this primary breaking, not all the layers of the laminated glass are broken, but only one of the outermost layers and the resin layer adjacent thereto are broken. In the region where the amount of deflection displacement is X> Xf, no linear relationship is observed between W and X, and a bent line-like behavior is exhibited corresponding to the sequential destruction of the plate glass constituting the laminated glass. Finally, at the deflection displacement amount X = Xm, the laminated glass sheet glass is in a state where the entire layer is broken.

Here, regarding the relationship between the laminated glass deflection displacement amount X and the applied weight value W, attention is paid to the initial applied load region in which they show a linear relationship. When two sets of values (X ₁ , W ₁ ) and (X ₂ , W ₂ ) are extracted in the linear region and applied to the formula ( ₁ ), the Young's modulus E of the laminated glass is obtained. In Equation 1, L is the distance between rolls serving as fulcrums (unit is m), t is the thickness (m) of the laminated glass, w is the width (m) of the laminated glass, and W ₁ and W ₂ are applied by an indenter, respectively. Weight values (N), X ₁ and X ₂ are deflection displacement amounts (m) at the indenter contact points of the laminated glass. Since the Young's modulus (N / m ² ) can be obtained with this equation 1, the value is converted into a unit to obtain the Young's modulus in GPa units.

  In the present invention, in Equation 1, L is 0.12 m and w is 0.05 m. When these values are applied to the equation 1, it is expressed by a simplified equation such as the equation 2, so that the equation of the equation 2 may be used in actual measurement.

  In the laminated glass of the present invention, when two or more kinds of glass materials are laminated in addition to the above, there are two kinds with respect to the virtual symmetry plane perpendicular to the thickness direction including the center position P of the laminated glass thickness t. It is characterized in that at least one of the above different glass plates is arranged in plane symmetry.

  Here, when laminating two or more kinds of glass materials, at least one of two or more kinds of different glass plates with respect to a virtual symmetry plane perpendicular to the thickness direction including the center position P of the laminated glass thickness t. As for what is arranged in plane symmetry, what is necessary is just to recall the case where laminated glass is constituted by using alkali-free glass and soda-lime glass in combination, instead of laminating only alkali-free glass as plate glass. In this case, at least one of the arrangement of alkali-free glass plates or the arrangement of soda-lime glass is relative to a virtual symmetry plane perpendicular to the plate thickness direction including the center position P of the laminated glass plate thickness t. It means that it is arranged so as to have a surface object relationship.

  When laminating two or more kinds of glass plate materials, at least one of two or more different glass plates with respect to a virtual symmetry plane perpendicular to the thickness direction including the central position P in the thickness direction of the laminated glass. If it arrange | positions by plane symmetry, even if it laminates | stacks the plate glass which has a different thermal expansion coefficient, the curvature by an expansion coefficient difference can be reduced. This is suitable for giving high dimensional consistency and flatness to a laminated glass having a large area. Moreover, when using 2 or more types of plate glass, for example, it is preferable to stack an inexpensive glass on the inner layer of laminated glass and to stack a high-performance sheet glass on the outer layer, because a high-performance laminated glass can be obtained at a low cost.

  The laminated glass member of the present invention is characterized in that at least one of the facing light transmitting surfaces or end surfaces of the laminated glass of the present invention is supported by a support member.

  The point that any one or more of the translucent surface or end surface which the laminated glass of this invention opposes is supported by the support member is demonstrated. That is, the laminated glass of the present invention is a laminated glass in which three or more plate glasses are laminated via a resin layer, and the central position P in the thickness direction is based on the central position P in the thickness direction of the laminated glass. To the plate thickness center position C of the plate glass at the shortest distance is 1.0 mm or less. And with respect to this laminated glass, the support member is disposed so as to support at least one portion of the light transmitting surface facing in the thickness direction or the end surface adjacent to the two light transmitting surfaces. That is, it is composed.

  Thus, the laminated glass supported by the support member is excellent in workability such as conveyance and construction, and becomes a structure with high long-term reliability in terms of weather resistance after construction.

  About a support member, what has desired intensity | strength and does not react chemically with glass or a resin layer should just be. A material having high weather resistance is more preferable.

  The shape of the support member may be a shape that follows the shape of the laminated glass, for example, a shape like a frame, or may have a configuration that partially supports the laminated glass. As a means for attaching the support member to the laminated glass, various means such as a means for sandwiching and fixing between two or more support members, a means using a fixing means such as a screw, and a means for joining by interposing an organic compound, etc. Can be adopted as appropriate.

  In the laminated glass member of the present invention, in addition to the above, if the support member is composed of one or more of wood, plastic, rubber, metal, glass, or stone, there is no sense of incongruity in many buildings. It can be set as the structure which has the designability which can be used.

  The supporting member will be specifically explained in detail. As the supporting member, various kinds of wood such as natural wood and plywood, FRP and FRTP containing glass fiber and carbon fiber, plastic such as synthetic resin and natural resin, synthetic resin, etc. Or rubber such as natural rubber, various metal materials such as aluminum and stainless steel, fiber reinforced metal, glass materials of various materials such as quartz glass and crystallized glass, ceramic materials such as artificial crystals, or natural stone materials such as granite Materials such as stone can be used.

  The wood, plastic, rubber, metal, glass or stone used in the present invention may be used alone or in combination. Moreover, the material structure which adds other materials and provides various performance may be sufficient.

  In the laminated glass member of the present invention, it is preferable to provide a cushioning material at a location where the laminated glass member comes into contact with the laminated glass. The buffer material preferably has a Young's modulus that can be deformed following the laminated glass when it is deformed by applying a load. Specifically, it is more preferable if it has a Young's modulus of 40 GPa or less in a three-point bending test at a fulcrum distance of 120 mm and a crosshead speed of 0.5 mm / min.

  As the material of the buffer material, for example, various resin materials, rubber, and the like can be used. The abutting position of the buffer material is best at the end face of the laminated glass, but may be in contact with a part of the translucent surface as necessary. Moreover, as a shape of a buffer material, you may employ | adopt various forms, such as plate shape, film shape, fiber shape, and granular form.

  (1) As described above, the laminated glass of the present invention is a laminated glass in which three or more plate glasses are laminated via a resin layer, and the plate thickness is based on the central position P in the plate thickness direction of the laminated glass. Since the distance T to the plate thickness center position C of the plate glass at the shortest distance in the direction is 1.0 mm or less, this structure allows the window mounted on the window frame to be mounted even if the window frame of the building is deformed due to a major earthquake, etc. The material exhibits toughness such that it is not completely destroyed. This has a great effect on maintaining the space shielding, which is an important function of the window, and helps prevent the spread of damage such as fire and water damage caused by the earthquake. And even if a window material is destroyed to some extent, the laminated glass of the present invention can reproduce the shape before deformation due to its shape recoverability after the external force is removed.

  (2) Moreover, if the thickness of the plate glass in the shortest distance of the plate | board thickness direction from the center position P is 4 mm or less, the laminated glass of this invention will give a high softness | flexibility to a laminated glass. Thereby, even if a heavy load is applied to the laminated glass, it is possible to avoid breakage by deformation. As a result, the laminated glass of the present invention is not easily broken and also has high recoverability.

  (3) Furthermore, the laminated glass of the present invention has scratch resistance and aesthetics peculiar to glass on both the front and back surfaces of the laminated glass if the outer surface of at least one laminated glass facing the thickness direction is made of plate glass. In addition, higher cleaning properties and excellent chemical durability are also exhibited.

  (4) The laminated glass of the present invention is highly resistant to deformation due to the application of external force in addition to the weight reduction of the laminated glass if the thickness of the plate glass disposed on the outermost side on at least one side of the front and back is less than 1 mm. The shape restoring property is exhibited.

  (5) If the resin layer contains a thermoplastic resin, the laminated glass of the present invention can easily adhere the glass plate and the resin layer, and even if the laminated glass deforms greatly in response to external force, Peeling between the plate and the resin layer is difficult to occur. Moreover, in the laminated glass of this invention, various resin can be used properly according to a use, and it can form the laminated glass which exhibits various advanced physicochemical performance in addition to an optimal shape dimension.

  (6) The laminated glass of the present invention can realize a highly deformable structure if the Young's modulus is 40 GPa or less according to the measurement conditions of a three-point bending test with a distance between fulcrums of 120 mm and a crosshead speed of 0.5 mm / min. It becomes. Thereby, even if a large external force is applied, the laminated glass is not easily destroyed. And even if the laminated glass of the present invention is partially broken, it is an extremely rare structure that is completely broken so that a through hole is formed in the laminated glass.

  (7) Since the laminated glass member of the present invention is formed by supporting any one or more of the facing light-transmitting surfaces or end surfaces of the laminated glass of the present invention with a supporting member, it is easy to carry and construct. Therefore, the replacement of the conventional window material as an alternative member can be easily realized.

  (8) Further, the laminated glass member of the present invention can be easily applied to many construction methods if the supporting member is made of any one or more of wood, plastic, rubber, metal, glass or stone. A simple configuration can be realized. Thereby, the laminated glass member of the present invention can easily adapt to various tastes and architectural styles and freely produce various living environment spaces.

  Details of the laminated glass of the present invention and the laminated glass member using the laminated glass will be specifically described below.

  FIG. 3 shows a perspective view of the laminated glass 11 of the present invention. This laminated glass 11 was developed as a window glass material disposed at the boundary between the outdoors and indoors, and is used particularly in high-rise buildings where earthquake resistance is important. The shapes of the light-transmitting surfaces 20a and 20b of the laminated glass 11 are rectangular, and the size is 700 mm × 800 mm. Moreover, as a laminated structure of plate glass, four sheets of non-alkali plate glass 40 having a thickness of 0.7 mm are laminated. And in this laminated glass 11, the thickness of all the plate glass which comprises the laminated glass 11 is 1.0 mm or less. Each plate glass 40 is bonded via a thermoplastic resin layer made of PVB resin having a thickness of 0.3 mm. The plate thickness t of the laminated glass 11 having such a configuration is 3.7 mm. The thickness t of the laminated glass is measured in a direction perpendicular to the facing light transmitting surface 20a. The distance Tp from the translucent surface 20a of the laminated glass 11 to the central position P in the thickness direction of the laminated glass 11 is 1.85 mm, which is a half of the laminated glass thickness t of 3.7 mm. A distance Tc from the translucent surface 20 of the laminated glass 11 to the central position C of the thickness of the plate glass 40 nearest to the central position P of the laminated glass 11 is 1.35 mm. The distance T represented by the difference between Tp and Tc is 1.85-1.35 = 0.50 mm. Since this value is 1.0 mm or less, the constituent requirements of the present invention are satisfied.

  Regarding the method for producing the laminated glass 11, first, a 0.7 mm thick plate glass and a 0.3 mm thick PVB resin are cut into predetermined dimensions, and these are alternately laminated and fixed. Thereafter, the plate glass in a state of being alternately laminated and fixed is put into a pressure heating apparatus and subjected to pressure heat treatment, and the plate glass and the resin layer are firmly bonded to finish.

  Next, a test method carried out to evaluate the strength performance of the laminated glass of the present invention will be described, the procedure will be described, and the obtained results will be shown.

  About the laminated glass of the evaluation sample, non-alkali aluminosilicate glass (product code OA-10) manufactured by Nippon Electric Glass Co., Ltd. was used as a plate glass constituting the glass. This plate glass is formed by the down draw method, and the plate thickness is 0.7 mm. In handling this glass sheet, care was taken not to cause scratches on the front and back surfaces, thereby preventing the evaluation results from being affected. In addition to alkali-free aluminosilicate glass, commercially available soda-lime glass, which is a general window plate material, was purchased and used as necessary.

  As the resin layer material constituting the laminated glass, polyvinyl butyral (PVB) or ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA) was used. For these resin layer materials, commercially available plate materials having a predetermined thickness were purchased and used.

  After the plate glass and the resin layer plate prepared as described above are cut to a predetermined size, a thermoplastic resin plate having a predetermined thickness is sandwiched between the plate glasses by the same procedure as described above, and alternately laminated. The laminated interface was firmly adhered by pressure heat treatment. In this manner, a rectangular laminated glass sample having a length of 180 mm and a width of 50 mm was prepared and used as a sample for strength performance evaluation.

  Next, the implemented strength performance evaluation will be described. In the strength evaluation, a three-point bending test was performed to obtain strength characteristics such as a deformation amount with respect to a load, a critical load for fracture, and a Young's modulus. An autograph precision universal testing machine manufactured by Shimadzu Corporation was used as the evaluation device. The evaluation measurement was performed in a normal temperature and normal pressure environment, the distance between fulcrums was 120 mm, and the crosshead speed, that is, the indenter descending speed was 0.5 mm / min. The amount of deformation with respect to the load is measured as the amount of downward deflection of the sample at the center between the fulcrums. When measuring the amount of deflection applied to the center of the glass translucent surface with the amount of load applied, the progress and measurement results during the press measurement are saved by the operation of the measurement program of the autograph precision universal testing machine, or after recording The measurement results of the load application amount and the deflection displacement amount at the center of the glass translucent surface are output in numerical values and in graph form, and a series of measurement results can be obtained. Table 1 shows a series of measurement results obtained in this manner and a laminated structure of laminated glass samples.

  In Table 1, the laminated glass sample No. (sample number), the laminated glass structure, and the evaluation results are shown in order from the left of the table. Regarding the structure of the laminated glass, first, the structure of the plate glass, that is, the material, the thickness of one sheet, the number of layers, and the thickness t (unit: mm) measured in the direction perpendicular to the facing light-transmitting surface are shown. Next, as the structure of the adhesive layer, the material of the resin layer, the thickness of one layer (unit: mm), and the number of layers are shown. And the thickness (plate thickness) t (unit is mm) of the whole laminated glass, distance T = Tp-Tc (unit is mm) is shown. Here, Tp is the distance from the translucent surface of the laminated glass to the central position P of the laminated glass, and Tc is from the laminated glass translucent surface to the plate thickness central position C of the sheet glass closest to the central position P of the laminated glass. Distance. That is, the T value is the shortest distance between C and P. The T value in the table is a value obtained by rounding off the second decimal place.

  Regarding the evaluation results, the amount of bending at the time of primary failure (mm), the amount of bending at the time of all layer failure (mm), the load value at the time of primary failure (kgf), the fracture toughness (mm · kgf), Young's modulus in order from the left (GPa). The “bending amount at the time of primary fracture” will be described. In the evaluation of strength performance, when the indenter is lowered, the laminated glass of the sample is bent downward and becomes convex downward. When this bending deformation reaches a certain value, cracks occur in the glass plate or resin layer located at the lowest position where the maximum stress is applied. In most cases, the glass plate is destroyed. “The amount of bending at the time of primary fracture” is the amount of bending when a glass plate or a resin layer positioned below is cracked, and indicates an allowable deformation amount until a primary failure occurs. A larger value means that destruction does not occur even when the deformation is large.

  The “bending amount at the time of destruction of all layers” will be described. In the evaluation of strength performance, when the indenter is further pushed down after the primary breakage occurs, the breakage of the laminated glass also proceeds. Eventually, all the glass plates constituting the laminated glass are destroyed. The “bending amount at the time of breaking all layers” is the bending amount at this time. This value indicates the deformation limit at which the shape is restored when the load is removed when the laminated glass is deformed. The larger this value is, the more the shape is restored after the external force is removed even if a partial deformation occurs due to a large deformation.

  “Load value at the time of primary fracture” means that the larger this value is, the more difficult it is to break even when a large load is applied. Further, the value of “fracture toughness” represents an energy value required for the entire layer fracture of the plate glass. Regarding the calculation of this value, in this method, in the graph in which the load application amount is the Y axis and the deflection displacement amount at the center of the laminated glass translucent surface is the X axis, the area surrounded by the graph and the X axis is calculated. can get. The larger the fracture toughness value, the greater the energy required for fracture, and the property that the laminated glass is not easily broken, that is, the durability against complete fracture. The value of “Young's modulus” is one of the measures showing the deformability of laminated glass. The smaller this value, the easier it is to deform. The values of Young's modulus in the table are values obtained by applying the values of W and X and the value of the laminated glass plate thickness t to Equation 2.

  As is clear from Table 1, sample No. 1 to sample no. Up to 23, all the laminated glasses of the examples satisfying the constitutional requirements of the present invention and the evaluation thereof are summarized, and the details thereof will be described below.

  Sample No. 1 uses two sheets of OA-10 plate glass having a thickness of 0.7 mm for the outermost layer constituting the front and back surfaces of the laminated glass, and a thickness of 3.0 mm between the two sheet glasses. One soda-lime glass plate is used. The three glass sheets in total are bonded and fixed with a PVB resin having a thickness of 0.4 mm interposed. The total thickness t of the laminated glass is 5.2 mm. The distance Tp from the translucent surface of the laminated glass to the center position P of the laminated glass is 2.6 mm. The distance Tc from the laminated glass translucent surface to the plate thickness central position C of the plate glass closest to the central position P of the laminated glass is 2.6 mm. Therefore, the distance T, which is the difference between Tp and Tc, is T = 0 mm. The value of T is 1 mm or less and satisfies the constituent requirements of the laminated glass of the present invention. When this laminated glass was evaluated for fracture behavior in the above-described three-point bending test, the amount of deflection at the time of primary fracture was 1.1 mm, and the amount of deflection at the time of all layer failure was 1.9 mm. It is larger than the value of the laminated glass, indicating that the deformation tolerance and the shape restoring property are high. The load value at the time of primary fracture is 30 kgf, and the fracture toughness is 31 kgf · mm. These are also larger than general laminated glass, indicating that the fracture durability is high. The Young's modulus is 17 GPa, which is a value smaller than 40 GPa.

Sample No. 2 is Sample No. As in No. 1, two sheets of OA-10 plate glass having a thickness of 0.7 mm are used as the outermost layers constituting the front and back surfaces of the laminated glass, and a soda having a thickness of 3.0 mm between the two sheet glasses. A total of three plate glasses are laminated using one lime glass plate. However, unlike Example 1, the three plate glasses in total are bonded and fixed with a PVB resin having a thickness of 0.8 mm interposed. Thereby, the thickness t of the whole laminated glass is 6.0 mm. Since the value of Tp is 3.0 mm and the value of Tc is also 3.0 mm, the distance T that is the difference between Tp and Tc is T = 0 mm. The value of T is 1 mm or less and satisfies the constituent requirements of the laminated glass of the present invention. Regarding the evaluation results of the fracture behavior of this laminated glass, the amount of deflection at the time of primary fracture is 1.5 mm, and the amount of deflection at the time of breaking all layers is 4.4 mm, which is larger than the value of general laminated glass and is allowable for deformation. It shows that the property and shape restoration property are high. The load value at the time of primary fracture is 32 kgf, and the fracture toughness is 71 kgf · mm, which are also larger than general laminated glass, indicating that the fracture durability is high. The Young's modulus is 9 GPa, which is a value sufficiently smaller than 40 GPa.

  Sample No. 3 is sample No. 1 and sample no. 2 is used, that is, two sheet glasses made of OA-10 material having a thickness of 0.7 mm are used for the outermost layer constituting the front and back surfaces of the laminated glass, and the thickness between these two sheet glasses is 3. One sheet of 0 mm soda-lime glass is used, and a total of three sheet glasses are laminated. However, unlike the above-mentioned two samples, the three plate glasses in total are bonded and fixed with an EVA resin having a thickness of 0.3 mm interposed. Thereby, the thickness t of the whole laminated glass is 5.0 mm. Since the value of Tp is 2.5 mm and Tc is also 2.5 mm, the distance T, which is the difference between Tp and Tc, is T = 0 mm. The value of T is 1 mm or less and satisfies the constituent requirements of the laminated glass of the present invention. As for the evaluation results of the fracture behavior of this laminated glass, the amount of bending at the time of primary breaking is 1.0 mm, the amount of bending at the time of breaking all layers is 1.5 mm, which is larger than the value of a general laminated glass, and is allowable for deformation. It shows that the property and shape restoration property are high. The load value at the time of primary fracture is 41 kgf, and the fracture toughness is 33 kgf · mm. These are also larger than general laminated glass, indicating that the fracture durability is high. The Young's modulus is 27 GPa, which is a value smaller than 40 GPa.

  Sample No. 4 to sample no. 6 is sample No. 6 respectively. 1 to sample no. In the configuration of 3, the thickness of the soda-lime glass sandwiched in the center is 2.0 mm. Both samples were sample Nos. 1 to sample no. As in the case of sample No. 3, the values of Tp and Tc are equal. 4 is 2.1 mm, sample no. 5 is 2.5 mm, sample no. 6 is 2.0 mm. In any sample, the distance T is T = 0 mm, which satisfies the constituent requirements of the laminated glass of the present invention. Regarding the evaluation of the fracture behavior of these laminated glasses, the amount of deflection at the time of primary fracture is the sample No. 4, no. 5, no. In order of 6, they are 1.9 mm, 2.2 mm, and 1.1 mm. The amount of bending at the time of breaking all layers is 2.0 mm, 2.7 mm, and 1.9 mm in the same sample order as above. Any value is larger than the value of a general laminated glass, and shows that deformation tolerance and shape restoration property are high. The load values at the time of primary fracture are 27 kgf, 19 kgf, and 20 kgf in the same sample order as before, and the fracture toughness is 29 mm · kgf, 27 mm · kgf, and 25 mm · kgf in the same sample order. These values are comparable to general laminated glass, and indicate that they have the fracture durability that general laminated glass has. The Young's modulus is 17 GPa, 6 GPa, and 25 GPa in the same sample order, all of which are smaller than 40 GPa.

  Sample No. 1 to sample no. In all the samples up to 6, soda lime glass is arranged in the central layer of the laminated glass, and the configuration is symmetrical with respect to the virtual symmetric plane perpendicular to the thickness direction including the central position P of the laminated glass. ing. Therefore, two types of glass plates having a difference in thermal expansion coefficient are used, but the laminated glass is hardly warped due to thermal expansion. By using a common window plate in combination, the manufacturing cost can be kept relatively low, while the deformation tolerance, the shape restoration property, and the fracture durability are exhibited. This is a configuration with high utility value as a translucent door material for a general house or a daylighting window material having a large area.

  Sample No. 7 to sample no. 10 is a structure suitable as a window material for building materials, particularly as a window material for high-rise buildings. Each of these samples has a structure in which 0.7 mm-thick OA-10 plate glass is laminated, and 0.4 mm-thick PVB resin is sandwiched between the layers. Regarding the number of laminated sheet glass, Sample No. No. 7, 4 sheets, sample no. In No. 8, 5 sheets, sample no. No. 9, 6 sheets, sample no. 10 is 7 sheets. About PVB resin, since it interposes between the layers of sheet glass, it becomes a structure one layer less than the number of sheet glass laminated. The distance Tp from the transparent surface of the laminated glass to the laminated glass center position P, the distance Tc from the laminated glass transparent surface to the central position C of the plate glass closest to the laminated glass central position P, and the difference between Tp and Tc For a certain distance T value, in sample No. 7, Tp = 2.0 mm, Tc = 1.45 mm, T = 0.55 mm, and the T value is 1 mm or less. Sample No. In 8, Tp = Tc = 2.55 mm and T = 0 mm. In sample No. 9, Tp = 3.1 mm, Tc = 2.55 mm, T = 0.55 mm, and the T value is 1 mm or less. Sample No. For 10, Tp = Tc = 3.65 mm and T = 0 mm. Therefore, all satisfy the constituent requirements of the laminated glass of the present invention. Regarding the evaluation of the fracture behavior of these laminated glasses, the amount of bending at the time of primary fracture is from No. 7 to No. 7. It is 3.6 mm, 5.2 mm, 3.4 mm, 3.7 mm in the order of 10. The amount of deflection at the time of breaking all layers is 7.8 mm, 9.9 mm, 8.8 mm, and 8.2 mm in the same order. Any value is remarkably larger than the value of a general laminated glass, and shows that deformation tolerance and shape restoration property are high. The load values at the time of primary fracture are 18 kgf, 28 kgf, 20 kgf, and 23 kgf in the same order, which are the same values as general laminated glass, but the fracture toughness is 94 mm · kgf, 192 mm · kgf, 133 mm · kgf, It is 132 mm · kgf, which is significantly larger than a general laminated glass, and indicates high fracture durability. The Young's modulus is 6 GPa, 3 GPa, 2.2 GPa, and 1.1 GPa in the same order, all of which are smaller than 40 GPa.

  Sample No. 11 to sample no. No. 17 is made by laminating plate glass made of OA-10 material having a thickness of 0.7 mm in a range of 4 to 8 layers. A 0.8 mm thick PVB resin layer and a 0.3 mm thick EVA resin layer are interposed between the sheet glass layers. As is clear from Table 1, the distance T of each sample is 1 mm or less, which satisfies the constituent requirements of the laminated glass of the present invention. The amount of deflection at the time of primary failure is in the range from 2.9 mm to 4.4 mm, and the amount of deflection at the time of all layer failure is in the range of 5.4 mm to 8.6 mm. It is significantly larger than glass and shows high deformation tolerance and shape recovery. The load value at the time of primary fracture is in the range of 16 kgf to 61 kgf, and the fracture toughness is in the range of 73 mm · kgf to 320 mm · kgf. These values are also equal to or higher than those of general laminated glass. It indicates that the fracture durability is high. The Young's modulus is preferably in the range of 0.6 GPa to 15 GPa and smaller than 40 GPa.

  Sample No. 11 to sample no. The laminated glass of 17 can also be used for various buildings and window materials. Moreover, it can be used for in-vehicle use as required.

  Sample No. 18 and sample no. 19 is the same as the other samples described above in that a plate glass made of OA-10 material having a thickness of 0.7 mm is used as in the other samples, but the resin layer interposed between the plate glasses has a thickness of 0. It has a structure in which a 4 mm PVB resin layer and a 0.8 mm thick PVB resin layer are interposed in one piece of laminated glass. In sample No. 18, four plate glass made of OA-10 material was used, the thickness of the PVB resin layer was set to 0.8 mm for the middle layer among the three layers, and PVB resin was used for the two layers on both sides thereof. The layer thickness is 0.4 mm. Sample No. No. 19, using 6 sheets of OA-10 plate glass, among the 5 layers, the PVB resin layer is 0.8 mm thick in the middle layer, and 0.4 mm thick resin between the other layers The layer is interposed. With such a material structure, the sample No. 18, Tp is 2.2 mm, Tc is 1.45 mm, distance T is 0.75 mm, and distance T is 1 mm or less. Sample No. 19, Tp is 3.3 mm, Tc is 2.55 mm, distance T is 0.75 mm, and distance T is 1 mm or less. The evaluation results show that the amount of deflection at the time of primary fracture is the sample No. 18 is 3.8 mm, sample no. 19 is 2.1 mm. The amount of deflection at the time of breaking all layers is the sample number. 18 is 5.8 mm, sample No. 19 is 7.4 mm. Any value is large compared with general laminated glass, and shows that deformation tolerance and shape restoration property are high. The load value at the time of primary fracture is the sample No. 18 is 12 kgf, sample no. 19 is 14 kgf, which is almost the same as a general laminated glass, but the fracture toughness is the same as that of sample No. 18 is 213 mm · kgf, sample no. No. 19 is 110 mm · kgf, which is significantly larger than that of a general laminated glass, and shows high fracture durability. The Young's modulus is measured according to Sample No. 18 is 3.2 GPa, sample No. 19 is 1.5 GPa, and any of them is preferably less than 40 GPa.

  Sample No. 18 and sample no. Reference numeral 19 denotes a structure that can be used as a window glass for buildings, window materials for vehicles, various light-transmitting structural members other than building materials, and the like.

Sample No. 20 to sample no. 22 is a laminated glass using plate glass made of OA-10 material having a thickness of 0.5 mm. Sample No. Reference numeral 20 denotes a structure in which six PVB resin layers having a thickness of 0.8 mm are interposed between seven plate glasses. Sample No. In No. 21, eight PVB resin layers having a thickness of 0.4 mm are interposed between nine plate glasses. In No. 22, nine PVB resin layers having a thickness of 0.3 mm are interposed between ten plate glasses. Sample No. At 20, both Tp and Tc are 4.15 mm, and the value of the distance T is 0 mm. Sample No. 21 also has both Tp and Tc of 3.85 mm and a distance T of 0 mm. Sample No. 22, Tp is 3.85 mm , Tc is 3.45 mm , and the distance T is 0.4 mm (1 mm or less). Therefore, all satisfy the constituent requirements of the laminated glass of the present invention. As an evaluation result, first, the amount of bending at the time of the primary fracture is the sample number. 20 to sample no. It is 5.4 mm, 5.4 mm, and 4.8 mm in order up to 22. The amount of deflection at the time of destruction of all layers is 6.9 mm, 11.4 mm, and 8.0 mm in the same order as before. Any value is remarkably larger than the value of a general laminated glass, and shows that deformation tolerance and shape restoration property are high. The load values at the time of primary fracture are 12 kgf, 19 kgf, and 47 kgf in the same order as before, and the same or higher than general laminated glass, but the fracture toughness is 50 mm · kgf, 171 mm · kgf, 194 mm · It is kgf, which is significantly larger than the value of general laminated glass, and indicates that the fracture durability is high. The Young's modulus is also 0.3 GPa, 0.6 GPa, and 2.0 GPa in the same order as before, and any value is preferably smaller than 40 GPa.

  Sample No. 23 is a high-strength translucent structural member that can be used for electronic components, optical component packages, and the like. In particular, it is suitable as a light-transmitting structural member that requires a confidential structure and high strength for protecting precision parts such as semiconductors.

  Sample No. Reference numeral 23 denotes a configuration in which four OA-10 plate glasses having a thickness of 0.1 mm are stacked and an EVA resin layer having a thickness of 0.3 mm is sandwiched between the three layers. Its total thickness is 1.3 mm, Tp is 0.65 mm, and Tc is 0.45 mm. The distance T is 0.2 mm, which satisfies the constituent requirements of the laminated glass of the present invention. Regarding the evaluation of the fracture behavior, the amount of deflection at the time of primary fracture is 8.4 mm, the amount of deflection at the time of breaking all layers is 12.0 mm, both values are significantly larger than the values of general laminated glass, Demonstrates high deformation tolerance and shape recovery. Further, the load value at the time of primary fracture is 2.2 kgf, and the fracture toughness is 27 mm · kgf. Although it is much thinner than general laminated glass, it has the same fracture toughness as general laminated glass, indicating that it is a material with high fracture durability. The Young's modulus is 12 GPa, which is a value smaller than 40 GPa.

  Sample No. The 0.1 mm thick OA-10 plate glass used in No. 23 was manufactured by down-draw molding directly from molten glass, but the thickness was adjusted by re-draw molding the base glass. May be.

  Next, comparative examples for the present invention will be described. As for the laminated glass of the comparative example, a laminated glass was prepared in the same procedure as in the example, and its breaking behavior was evaluated. The plate glass single plate sample is a commercially available window plate, cut into a predetermined size and used as a sample. The laminated structure of the sample and the evaluation results are summarized in Table 2.

  As is apparent from Table 2, the sample No. 101 to the sample No. as a comparative example. Each of the 103 samples was inferior to the examples of the present invention in terms of durability against deformation fracture. The details will be described below in the order of samples.

  Sample No. 101 is not a laminated glass but a single plate of 2.0 mm thick soda lime plate glass. The amount of bending at the time of primary failure is 1.6 mm, which is equal to the amount of bending at the time of all layer failure, and has a certain degree of deformation tolerance, while the weight value at the time of primary failure is 7 kgf and the fracture toughness value is 5 mm · kgf. The fracture durability is extremely small. The Young's modulus is 45 GPa, which is a value exceeding 40 GPa. When these characteristics are comprehensively evaluated, it can be evaluated that a certain external force is displaced and has durability, but an external force exceeding the external force has no durability. Furthermore, once it is destroyed, it has no shape return.

  Sample No. 102, sample No. Like 101, it is not a laminated glass but a single plate of 3.0 mm thick soda-lime glass. The amount of bending at the time of primary failure is 1.1 mm, which is equal to the amount of bending at the time of all layer failure, and the deformation tolerance is lower than that of sample No. 101. The weight value at the time of primary fracture is 19 kgf, the fracture toughness value is 10 mm · kgf, and the fracture durability is no. As small as 101. The Young's modulus is 52 GPa, which is a value exceeding 40 GPa.

  Sample No. 103 is a conventional general laminated glass, and its structure is a laminate of two 3.0 mm thick soda lime plate glasses, and PVB resin is interposed between the layers with a thickness of 1.5 mm and is closely bonded. is there. The total thickness of the laminated glass is 7.5 mm, Tp is 3.75 mm, and Tc is 1.5 mm. The distance T is 2.25 mm, which is 1 mm or more, and does not satisfy the constituent requirements of the laminated glass of the present invention. For this reason, with respect to the fracture behavior evaluation, the amount of deflection at the time of primary fracture is as small as 0.9 mm, and the amount of deflection at the time of all layer failure is also as extremely small as 1.2 mm. And sample no. 103 is lower in deformation tolerance and shape restoration than the product of the present invention. The weight at the time of primary fracture is 27 kgf and the fracture toughness is as small as 20 mm · kgf, which is lower in fracture durability than the product of the present invention. The Young's modulus is 6 GPa, and only in this respect, the condition of 40 GPa or less is satisfied as in the present invention.

  As is clear from the above, the laminated glass of the present invention has high durability against displacement by having high deformation tolerance and shape restoration. In addition, it is not easily broken even when a load is applied, and even if some breakage occurs, it takes a large amount of energy to complete breakage, so it is clear that the material has high durability against deformation breakage. became.

  Next, a laminated glass member using the laminated glass of the present invention will be described with reference to a partial sectional perspective view shown in FIG. The laminated glass member 100 has a light-transmitting surface area of 500 × 500 mm as a daylighting window material for a high-rise building, and has a structure in which the laminated glass 12 is fixed to the support member 90. This laminated glass 12 has a structure in which five sheets of 0.7 mm thick OA-10 plate glass 40 are stacked and four 0.3 mm thick PVB resin layers 50 are sandwiched between the sheet glass layers. The total thickness of the laminated glass is 4.7 mm. Since Tp and Tc are both 2.35 mm, the distance T = 0 mm and the configuration satisfies the requirement of 1 mm or less.

  The support member 90 includes a frame material 91, a buffer material 92, a packing material 93, and a fixed block 94. The frame member 91 is made of aluminum metal and has a lightweight configuration. The cushioning material 92 is a resin plate having a Young's modulus of 1.2 GPa, and a plurality of cushioning materials 92 are arranged in the frame material 91 so as to contact the end face of the laminated glass 12. The packing material 93 is made of rubber and is disposed in the gap between the laminated glass 12 and the support member 90. The fixing block 94 is a resin prismatic body, and is disposed in the frame member 91 so as to fix the buffer material 92. In this way, the laminated glass 12 is fixed by the support member 90.

  Thus, the laminated glass member of the present invention is supported at the end face by a flexible material such as rubber or a resin material. Thereby, even if the laminated glass of this invention deform | transforms with a big external force added to the center of a translucent surface, it has a structure which can respond so that it may not remove | deviate from a frame.

The fragmentary sectional view for demonstrating regarding the right range of the laminated glass of this invention is represented. The graph which shows the relationship between the laminated glass bending displacement X and the applied load value by an indenter in a 3 point | piece bending test is represented. The perspective view of the laminated glass of this invention is represented. The fragmentary perspective view of the laminated glass member of this invention is represented.

Explanation of symbols

10, 11, 12 Laminated glass 20a Translucent surface 20b of laminated glass Other translucent surface 30 of laminated glass End surfaces 40, 40a, 40b, 40c, 40d of laminated glass Plate glass 50, 50a, 50b, 50c Resin layer 90 Support member 91 Frame 92 Buffer material 93 Packing material 94 Fixed block 100 Laminated glass member E Young's modulus L Distance between fulcrum rolls t Thickness of laminated glass (plate thickness)
Tp Distance from the transparent surface of the laminated glass to the center position P in the thickness direction of the laminated glass Tc Distance from the transparent surface of the laminated glass to the central position C of the thickness of the plate glass closest to the central position in the thickness direction of the laminated glass P The central position of the laminated glass in the thickness direction C The central thickness of the glass sheet closest to the central position of the laminated glass in the thickness direction T The absolute value of the difference between T Tc and Tp (distance from P to C)
w Width of test specimen W, W ₁ , W ₂ Applied weight value by indenter Wf Applied weight value by indenter at the time of primary fracture X, X ₁ , X ₂ Deflection displacement amount Xf at the indenter contact point of laminated glass Xf at the time of primary fracture Deflection displacement amount Xm Deflection displacement amount when all layers of laminated glass break

Claims (4)

A laminated glass in which three or more sheet glasses are laminated via a resin layer,
Distance T to a thickness of the center position C of the glass sheet with the center position P in the thickness direction of the glass to the shortest distance in the thickness direction with reference fit is state, and are less 1.0 mm,
The thickness of the plate glass at the shortest distance in the plate thickness direction from the central position P is 4 mm or less,
The outer surface of at least one laminated glass facing the plate thickness direction is made of plate glass,
The thickness of the plate glass disposed on the outermost side of at least one side of the front and back is less than 1 mm,
A laminated glass having a Young's modulus of 40 GPa or less according to measurement conditions of a three-point bending test with a distance between fulcrums of 120 mm and a crosshead speed of 0.5 mm / min . The laminated glass according to claim 1, wherein the resin layer contains a thermoplastic resin. A laminated glass member, wherein at least one of the facing light-transmitting surfaces or end surfaces of the laminated glass according to claim 1 or 2 is supported by a support member. The laminated glass member according to claim 3 , wherein the supporting member is made of one or more of wood, plastic, rubber, metal, glass, and stone.