WO2023136275A1 - (メタ)アクリル系樹脂組成物及びそれを用いた成形体、並びに(メタ)アクリル系樹脂組成物の製造方法 - Google Patents
(メタ)アクリル系樹脂組成物及びそれを用いた成形体、並びに(メタ)アクリル系樹脂組成物の製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2023136275A1 WO2023136275A1 PCT/JP2023/000535 JP2023000535W WO2023136275A1 WO 2023136275 A1 WO2023136275 A1 WO 2023136275A1 JP 2023000535 W JP2023000535 W JP 2023000535W WO 2023136275 A1 WO2023136275 A1 WO 2023136275A1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F8/00—Chemical modification by after-treatment
- C08F8/14—Esterification
- C08F8/16—Lactonisation
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F212/00—Copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by an aromatic carbocyclic ring
- C08F212/02—Monomers containing only one unsaturated aliphatic radical
- C08F212/04—Monomers containing only one unsaturated aliphatic radical containing one ring
- C08F212/06—Hydrocarbons
- C08F212/08—Styrene
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F220/00—Copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and only one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical or a salt, anhydride ester, amide, imide or nitrile thereof
- C08F220/02—Monocarboxylic acids having less than ten carbon atoms; Derivatives thereof
- C08F220/10—Esters
- C08F220/12—Esters of monohydric alcohols or phenols
- C08F220/14—Methyl esters, e.g. methyl (meth)acrylate
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F220/00—Copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and only one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical or a salt, anhydride ester, amide, imide or nitrile thereof
- C08F220/02—Monocarboxylic acids having less than ten carbon atoms; Derivatives thereof
- C08F220/10—Esters
- C08F220/20—Esters of polyhydric alcohols or phenols, e.g. 2-hydroxyethyl (meth)acrylate or glycerol mono-(meth)acrylate
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
- C08K5/04—Oxygen-containing compounds
- C08K5/05—Alcohols; Metal alcoholates
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L33/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and only one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical, or of salts, anhydrides, esters, amides, imides or nitriles thereof; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L33/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and only one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical, or of salts, anhydrides, esters, amides, imides or nitriles thereof; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L33/04—Homopolymers or copolymers of esters
- C08L33/06—Homopolymers or copolymers of esters of esters containing only carbon, hydrogen and oxygen, which oxygen atoms are present only as part of the carboxyl radical
- C08L33/10—Homopolymers or copolymers of methacrylic acid esters
- C08L33/12—Homopolymers or copolymers of methyl methacrylate
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B1/00—Optical elements characterised by the material of which they are made; Optical coatings for optical elements
- G02B1/04—Optical elements characterised by the material of which they are made; Optical coatings for optical elements made of organic materials, e.g. plastics
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a (meth)acrylic resin composition, a molded article using the same, and a method for producing a (meth)acrylic resin composition.
- (Meth)acrylic resins are suitable for use in optical members because they have an excellent balance of properties such as optical properties, mechanical strength, molding processability, and surface hardness.
- (meth)acrylic resins generally have a low glass transition temperature (Tg) and are not excellent in heat resistance. Therefore, in order to improve the heat resistance of (meth)acrylic resins, there are known (meth)acrylic resins in which a ring structure such as a lactone ring structure is introduced into the main chain.
- Patent Documents 1 and 2 As a method for producing a (meth)acrylic resin having a lactone ring structure, for example, a polymer having a hydroxy group and an ester group in the molecular chain is condensed and cyclized by heating using an organic phosphorus compound as a catalyst. A method of forming a lactone ring structure in a molecular chain has been proposed (Patent Documents 1 and 2).
- the specifically used catalysts are methyl phosphate and phenyl phosphonous acid.
- Patent Document 2 the specifically used catalyst is stearyl phosphate.
- Methyl phosphate and the like specifically used in Patent Document 1 had low cyclization efficiency. Therefore, it was necessary to use a large amount of catalyst in order to form a desired ratio of ring structures in the polymer.
- a large amount of catalyst is used, there is a risk that a large amount of components (compounds containing phosphorus atoms) derived from the catalyst may remain in the resulting (meth)acrylic resin composition.
- Phosphorus atoms are corrosive, so there was concern about the stability of (meth)acrylic resins.
- the amount of catalyst is reduced, there is a possibility that silver streaks may occur in the (meth)acrylic resin composition.
- Patent Document 2 discloses controlling the content of elemental phosphorus and a hindered phenol compound having a molecular weight of less than 300 in a resin composition, that is, controlling the amount of a phosphorus-based antioxidant having a hindered phenol site ( It was studied to suppress the contamination of the roll surface by not adding excessively. However, even if the amount of the phosphorus antioxidant having a hindered phenol moiety is suppressed, there is still a contamination source on the roll surface, and stearyl phosphate is used in the specific example, so contamination of the roll surface is suppressed. was thought to have limits.
- the present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and its object is to reduce roll contamination, further suppress the generation of silver streaks, and provide a (meth)acrylic (meth)acrylic roll with excellent stability.
- An object of the present invention is to provide a resin composition.
- Another object of the present invention is to provide a molded article using the (meth)acrylic resin composition and a method for producing the (meth)acrylic resin composition.
- the present inventors found that the contamination was caused by the adhesion of stearyl phosphate used as a cyclization catalyst or a component derived therefrom (stearyl alcohol, etc.) to the surface of the roll.
- stearyl alcohol a component derived therefrom
- the cyclization step In the catalyst is stable, the amount of catalyst used can be reduced, the generation of silver streaks is suppressed, and a (meth)acrylic resin composition with excellent stability can be obtained.
- the catalyst When an ester obtained from phosphorous acid or the like and a lower or intermediate aliphatic alcohol is used as a cyclization catalyst, the catalyst is easily volatilized and removed in the devolatilization process, and furthermore, the lower or intermediate aliphatic alcohol generated by decomposition Since the alcohol is also removed in the devolatilization step, the inventors have found that the contamination of the rolls by the cyclization catalyst can be reduced, and completed the present invention. That is, the present invention is specified by the following constituent requirements.
- a (meth)acrylic resin composition comprising a (meth)acrylic polymer having a ring structure that is at least one of a lactone ring structure and a glutaric anhydride structure in the main chain,
- the content of phosphorus atoms in the (meth)acrylic resin composition is 1.0 ppm or more and 50 ppm or less
- R 1 represents an aliphatic hydrocarbon group having 13 or more carbon atoms or an aromatic hydrocarbon group having 6 or more carbon atoms.
- a method for producing a (meth)acrylic resin composition comprising a cyclization step of forming, (i) a cyclization reaction to form a lactone ring structure between a hydroxy group and an ester group or a carboxyl group; (ii) a glutaric anhydride structure between a carboxyl group and an ester group or another carboxyl group; Cyclization reaction to form In the cyclization reaction, at least one selected from the group consisting of C 3-12 alkyl phosphate, C 3-12 alkyl phosphite, and C 3-12 hypophosphite As a catalyst, a method for producing a (meth)acrylic resin composition.
- the catalyst used in the cyclization reaction is selected from the group consisting of C 3-7 alkyl phosphate, C 3-7 alkyl phosphite and C 3-7 hypophosphite.
- a method for producing a (meth)acrylic resin composition is selected from the group consisting of C 3-7 alkyl phosphate, C 3-7 alkyl phosphite and C 3-7 hypophosphite.
- a method for producing an acrylic resin composition [14] The method for producing a (meth)acrylic resin composition according to any one of [10] to [13], wherein the decomposition temperature of the catalyst is 160°C or higher.
- an additive is added in one or more steps selected from the polymerization step, the cyclization step, and a step after the cyclization step;
- the (meth)acrylic resin composition of the present invention contains a (meth)acrylic polymer having a ring structure that is at least one of a lactone ring structure and a glutaric anhydride structure in the main chain. , the content of phosphorus atoms in the composition is 1.0 ppm or more and 50 ppm or less, and the content of the compound represented by the following formula (I) in the composition is 95 ppm or less. . Since the (meth)acrylic resin composition of the present invention has the above constituent elements, it is possible to reduce roll contamination, suppress the generation of silver streaks, and have excellent stability.
- R 1 represents an aliphatic hydrocarbon group having 13 or more carbon atoms or an aromatic hydrocarbon group having 6 or more carbon atoms.
- ppm means a value calculated in terms of mass (for example, 10,000 ppm corresponds to 1% by mass).
- C3-12 means “3 or more and 12 or less carbon atoms.”
- the (meth)acrylic polymer is (meth)acrylic acid, (meth)acrylic acid ester, or derivatives thereof (hereinafter collectively referred to as (meth)acrylic monomer (sometimes referred to as ) as a monomer unit (that is, a structural unit).
- (meth)acrylic acid includes both acrylic acid and methacrylic acid.
- Examples of (meth)acrylic acid esters include methyl (meth)acrylate, ethyl (meth)acrylate, n-propyl (meth)acrylate, n-butyl (meth)acrylate, t-(meth)acrylate, Alkyl (meth)acrylates such as butyl, n-hexyl (meth)acrylate and 2-ethylhexyl (meth)acrylate; aralkyl (meth)acrylates such as benzyl (meth)acrylate (preferably C 2- methacrylate); 20 aralkyl); (meth)acrylic acid such as cyclohexyl (meth)acrylate and dicyclopentanyl (meth)acrylate and hydroxy cyclic saturated hydrocarbon (preferably hydroxy cyclic saturated hydrocarbon having 5 to 20 carbon atoms) and the like.
- the (meth)acrylic acid ester is preferably a methacrylic acid ester, more preferably an alkyl methacrylate, still more preferably a C 1-10 alkyl methacrylate, still more preferably a C 1-7 alkyl methacrylate and more preferably C 1-4 alkyl methacrylate, particularly preferably C 1-2 alkyl methacrylate.
- (Meth)acrylic acid ester derivatives include hydroxy group-introduced derivatives such as 2-hydroxyethyl (meth)acrylate, 3-hydroxypropyl (meth)acrylate, 2,3,4,5 (meth)acrylate, Hydroxyalkyl (meth)acrylates such as 6-pentahydroxyhexyl and 2,3,4,5-tetrahydroxypentyl (meth)acrylate; and ⁇ -(1-hydroxyalkyl)alkyl acrylates.
- the hydroxyalkyl (meth)acrylate is preferably hydroxyC 1-20 alkyl (meth)acrylate, more preferably hydroxyC 1-15 alkyl (meth)acrylate, and hydroxyC 1-10 alkyl (meth)acrylate. is more preferred, and hydroxy C 1-5 alkyl (meth)acrylate is even more preferred.
- the alkyl ⁇ -(1-hydroxyalkyl) acrylate is preferably C 1-20 alkyl ⁇ -(1 - hydroxyC 1-20 alkyl) acrylate, and ⁇ -(1-hydroxyC 1-20 alkyl) acrylate.
- C 1-20 alkyl includes methyl ⁇ -(hydroxymethyl)acrylate, ethyl ⁇ -(hydroxymethyl)acrylate, isopropyl ⁇ -(hydroxymethyl)acrylate, n-butyl ⁇ -(hydroxymethyl)acrylate, C 1-20 alkyl ⁇ -(hydroxymethyl)acrylate such as t-butyl ⁇ -(hydroxymethyl)acrylate; ⁇ -(1-hydroxyC 2-20 alkyl such as methyl ⁇ -(1-hydroxyethyl)acrylate alkyl) C 1-20 alkyl acrylates and the like are included.
- (Meth)acrylic acid ester derivatives include ⁇ -C 1-10 alkyl acrylate such as methyl crotonate; halogens such as chloromethyl (meth)acrylate and 2-chloroethyl (meth)acrylate; Introduced derivatives: Also included are ether bond-introduced derivatives such as dicyclopentanyloxyethyl (meth)acrylate.
- the (meth)acrylic acid ester derivative is preferably a hydroxy group-introduced derivative, more preferably ⁇ -(1-hydroxyalkyl) alkyl acrylate, still more preferably ⁇ -(1-hydroxyC 1-20 alkyl ) C 1-20 alkyl acrylate, more preferably C 1-20 alkyl ⁇ -(hydroxymethyl)acrylate.
- (Meth)acrylic acid derivatives include compounds obtained by hydrolyzing the ester bond of the methacrylic acid ester derivative, such as crotonic acid, ⁇ -(hydroxymethyl)acrylic acid, 2-(1-hydroxyethyl)acrylic acid, and the like. - hydroxyalkyl acrylic acid and the like.
- the (meth)acrylic monomer that the (meth)acrylic polymer has as a monomer unit may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- (meth)acrylic monomers it preferably contains (meth)acrylic acid or (meth)acrylic acid ester as an essential unit, and more preferably contains (meth)acrylic acid ester (especially methacrylic acid ester) as an essential unit. .
- the content of the essential unit in the (meth)acrylic polymer is, for example, 30% by mass or more, preferably 50% by mass or more, more preferably 60% by mass or more, still more preferably 65% by mass or more, and even more preferably is 70% by mass or more, particularly preferably 75% by mass or more, and is, for example, 100% by mass or less, preferably 95% by mass or less, more preferably 90% by mass or less, and still more preferably 85% by mass or less.
- the proportion of (meth)acrylic monomer units in the above content ratio does not include the unit derived from the (meth)acrylic monomer that has become the different unit.
- the (meth)acrylic polymer may have a structural unit introduced by copolymerizing the (meth)acrylic monomer with another monomer.
- Such other monomers are not particularly limited as long as they are compounds having a polymerizable double bond. Examples include styrene, vinyltoluene, ⁇ -methylstyrene, ⁇ -hydroxymethylstyrene, ⁇ -hydroxyethylstyrene, and the like.
- Styrenic monomers nitrogen-containing heterocyclic vinyl compounds such as N-vinylpyrrolidone and N-vinylcarbazole; vinyl nitriles such as acrylonitrile and methacrylonitrile; vinyl alcohols such as methallyl alcohol and allyl alcohol; ethylene, propylene, Olefins such as 4-methyl-1-pentene; Maleic acid, fumaric acid, crotonic acid, itaconic acid, citraconic acid, monomethyl maleate, monobutyl maleate, monomethyl itaconate, monobutyl itaconate, etc.
- nitrogen-containing heterocyclic vinyl compounds such as N-vinylpyrrolidone and N-vinylcarbazole
- vinyl nitriles such as acrylonitrile and methacrylonitrile
- vinyl alcohols such as methallyl alcohol and allyl alcohol
- ethylene, propylene, Olefins such as 4-methyl-1-pentene
- carboxyl group-containing ethylenic monofunctional monomer vinyl acetate; 2-hydroxymethyl-1-butene; methyl vinyl ketone;
- styrene-based monomers, nitrogen-containing heterocyclic vinyl compounds, and carboxyl group-containing ethylenic monofunctional monomers are preferred, styrene-based monomers and carboxyl group-containing ethylenic monofunctional monomers are more preferred, and styrene-based monomers are further preferred. preferable.
- These other monomers (constituent units) may have only one type or may have two or more types.
- Other monomers (constituent units) in the (meth)acrylic polymer are, for example, 0% by mass or more, preferably 1% by mass or more, for example, 30% by mass or less, preferably 20% by mass or less, more preferably is 10% by mass or less, more preferably 5% by mass or less.
- Structural units derived from (meth)acrylic monomers in all structural units of the (meth)acrylic polymer is preferably 50% by mass or more, more preferably 60% by mass or more, still more preferably 70% by mass or more, and even more preferably 75% by mass or more, from the viewpoint of transparency of the molded article. . There is no particular upper limit, and it may be 100% by mass.
- the total content of structural units derived from (meth)acrylic monomers in all structural units of the (meth)acrylic polymer having a structure is preferably 30% by mass or more, more preferably 50% by mass or more, and still more preferably is 60% by mass or more, more preferably 70% by mass or more, particularly preferably 75% by mass or more, preferably 99% by mass or less, more preferably 95% by mass or less, and still more preferably 90% by mass or less. Yes, more preferably 85% by mass or less.
- the total content of structural units derived from a hydroxy group-introduced derivative of a (meth)acrylic acid ester (preferably ⁇ -(1-hydroxyalkyl) alkyl acrylate) in all structural units of the (meth)acrylic polymer is It is preferably 1% by mass or more, more preferably 5% by mass or more, still more preferably 8% by mass or more, even more preferably 10% by mass or more, preferably 70% by mass or less, more preferably 50% by mass. % or less, more preferably 30 mass % or less.
- the total content of structural units derived from a hydroxy group-introduced derivative of a (meth)acrylic acid ester in all structural units of the (meth)acrylic polymer having a structure may be 0% by mass or 10% by mass. The following is preferable, more preferably 8% by mass or less, and even more preferably 5% by mass or less.
- a (meth)acrylic polymer having a ring structure that is at least one of a lactone ring structure and a glutaric anhydride structure in the main chain is, for example, a (meth)acrylic polymer having a hydroxy group, an ester group, and/or a carboxyl group. In coalescence, it can be formed by performing a cyclization reaction, which will be described later.
- the lactone ring structure for example, a 4- to 8-membered ring is preferable because the lactone ring structure is easily formed, and a 5- or 6-membered ring is more preferable because the stability of the ring structure is excellent. , is more preferably a 6-membered ring.
- Examples of the six-membered lactone ring structure include structures represented by the following formula (1).
- R 1a , R 2a and R 3a are each independently a hydrogen atom or an organic residue having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, and the organic residue contains an oxygen atom. good too.
- the organic residue in formula (1) include a hydrocarbon group optionally having a substituent and having 1 to 20 carbon atoms.
- the hydrocarbon group include saturated or unsaturated linear, branched or cyclic aliphatic hydrocarbon groups and aromatic hydrocarbon groups.
- the aliphatic hydrocarbon group include alkyl groups having 1 to 20 carbon atoms (preferably alkyl groups having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, such as methyl group, ethyl group, n-propyl group, isopropyl group, etc.).
- an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms preferably an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms
- an alkenyl group having 2 to 20 carbon atoms such as an ethenyl group and a propenyl group
- an alkenyl group having 2 to 10 carbon atoms preferably an alkenyl group having 2 to 10 carbon atoms, more preferably 2 cycloalkyl group having 3 to 20 carbon atoms (preferably a cycloalkyl group having 4 to 12 carbon atoms, more preferably 5 to 8 carbon atoms, such as a cyclopentyl group and a cyclohexyl group); cycloalkyl group); and the like.
- aromatic hydrocarbon group examples include aryl groups having 6 to 20 carbon atoms (preferably aryl groups having 6 to 14 carbon atoms, such as phenyl, tolyl, xylyl, naphthyl, and biphenyl groups, more preferably an aryl group having 6 to 10 carbon atoms); an aralkyl group having 7 to 20 carbon atoms such as a benzyl group and a phenylethyl group (preferably an aralkyl group having 7 to 15 carbon atoms; an aralkyl group having a number of 7 or more and 11 or less); These hydrocarbon groups may contain an oxygen atom or a halogen atom. Specifically, one or more hydrogen atoms of the hydrocarbon group are selected from hydroxy, carboxyl, ether and ester may be substituted by at least one group represented by
- R 1a and R 2a each independently have a hydrogen atom or a carbon number It is preferably an alkyl group of 1 to 20, more preferably a hydrogen atom or a methyl group, and R 3a is preferably a hydrogen atom or a methyl group, more preferably a methyl group.
- the (meth)acrylic polymer may have only one type of lactone ring structure, or may have two or more types.
- the content of the lactone ring structure in the polymer is, for example, 1% by mass or more, preferably 5% by mass or more, more preferably 10% by mass.
- it is 70% by mass or less, preferably 50% by mass or less, and more preferably 30% by mass or less.
- the content ratio of the lactone ring structure in the (meth)acrylic polymer is determined by the monomers involved in lactone cyclization (hydroxy group-containing (meth)acrylic monomer A and It can be calculated by the following formula from the polymerization amount of the (meth)acrylic monomer B) and the lactone cyclization rate.
- Z 1 is a raw material monomer involved in lactone cyclization in the polymer before lactone cyclization (hydroxy group-containing (meth)acrylic monomer A in the case of cyclization reaction (i) described later and the mass content ratio of structural units derived from (meth)acrylic monomer B)
- MR is the formula weight of the lactone ring structural unit to be produced (the lactone ring-forming element and the number of groups other than the main chain bonded to the lactone ring is the meaning of the total formula weight)
- M m is a raw material monomer involved in lactone cyclization (hydroxy group-containing (meth)acrylic monomer A and (meth)acrylic monomer in the case of the cyclization reaction (i) described later. is the molecular weight (total) of the system monomer B), and Z2 is the lactone cyclization rate)
- the content of the lactone ring structure in the (meth)acrylic polymer can be evaluated by known methods such as nuclear magnetic resonance ( 1 H-NMR) method and/or infrared spectroscopy (IR) method.
- 1 H-NMR nuclear magnetic resonance
- IR infrared spectroscopy
- Examples of glutaric anhydride structures include structures represented by the following formula (2).
- R 4a and R 5a are each independently a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms.
- the alkyl group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms in formula (2) is preferably a linear or branched alkyl group, such as methyl group, ethyl group, n-propyl group, isopropyl group, n-butyl group, isobutyl group, tert-butyl group, and the like.
- R 4a and R 5a each independently represent a hydrogen atom or a carbon It is preferably an alkyl group having a number of 1 or more and 4 or less, more preferably a hydrogen atom or a methyl group.
- the (meth)acrylic polymer may have only one type of glutaric anhydride structure, or may have two or more types.
- the content of the glutaric anhydride structure in the polymer is, for example, 1% by mass or more, preferably 5% by mass or more, more preferably 10% by mass or more. % by mass or more, for example, 70% by mass or less, preferably 50% by mass or less, and more preferably 30% by mass or less.
- the content of the glutaric anhydride structure in the (meth)acrylic polymer can be determined, for example, by the method described in JP-A-2006-131689.
- the content of the ring structural unit in the (meth)acrylic polymer is preferably 5% by mass or more, more preferably 8% by mass or more, still more preferably 10% by mass or more, preferably 70% by mass or less, and 50% by mass. The following is more preferable, 45% by mass or less is even more preferable, and 30% by mass or less is even more preferable.
- a (meth)acrylic resin composition having excellent heat resistance and mechanical strength can be obtained by setting the content of the ring structural unit within the above range.
- the cyclic structural unit in the content ratio of the cyclic structural unit means a unit having a cyclic structure in the main chain of the (meth)acrylic polymer.
- the cyclization rate in the (meth)acrylic polymer is preferably 95.0% by mass or more, more preferably 95.5% by mass or more, and even more preferably 96.0% by mass or more, from the viewpoint of suppressing foaming during molding. , 96.5% by mass or more is even more preferable. There is no particular upper limit, and it may be 100% by mass.
- the cyclization rate is, for example, based on the amount of mass reduction that occurs when all hydroxy groups are dealcoholized or dehydrated as alcohol or water from the polymer composition obtained by polymerization, and the amount before the mass reduction starts in dynamic TG measurement. It can be determined from the mass reduction due to the dealcoholization reaction or dehydration reaction from 150° C. to 300° C. before decomposition of the polymer begins. That is, the mass reduction rate is measured from 150° C. to 300° C. in the dynamic TG measurement of a polymer having a ring structure, and the measured mass reduction rate obtained is defined as (X).
- the theoretical mass reduction rate when assuming dealcoholization or dehydration because all hydroxyl groups contained in the polymer composition participate in ring formation is the mass reduction rate calculated on the assumption that a reaction or dehydration reaction has occurred.
- the theoretical mass reduction rate (Y) is, more specifically, the molar ratio of the raw material monomer having a structure (hydroxy group) involved in the dealcoholization reaction or dehydration reaction in the polymer, that is, the polymer composition It can be calculated from the content of the raw material monomer in.
- the total content of structural units derived from (meth)acrylic monomers (preferably units derived from (meth)acrylic acid esters) and ring structural units in all structural units of the (meth)acrylic polymer is 90 mass. % or more is preferred, 93 mass % or more is more preferred, and 95 mass % or more is even more preferred. This facilitates enhancing the transparency and heat resistance of the (meth)acrylic polymer.
- the (meth)acrylic polymer may have at least one of a lactone ring structure and a glutaric anhydride structure as a ring structure. Therefore, it is more preferable to have a lactone ring structure.
- the weight average molecular weight (Mw) of the (meth)acrylic polymer is, for example, 80,000 or more, preferably 100,000 or more, more preferably 105,000 or more, and still more preferably 110,000 or more. Yes, for example, 300,000 or less, preferably 250,000 or less, more preferably 200,000 or less.
- Mw weight average molecular weight
- the content of the (meth)acrylic polymer having a ring structure in the (meth)acrylic resin composition is, for example, 50% by mass or more, preferably 70% by mass or more, more preferably 90% by mass or more, and still more preferably is 95% by mass or more.
- the upper limit of the content of the (meth)acrylic polymer having a ring structure in the (meth)acrylic resin composition is less than 100% by mass.
- the (meth)acrylic resin composition of the present invention contains a phosphorus atom.
- the phosphorus atom is preferably derived from the catalyst used for the cyclization reaction of the (meth)acrylic polymer.
- the content of phosphorus atoms in the (meth)acrylic resin composition is 1.0 ppm or more and 50 ppm or less, preferably 1.5 ppm or more and 45 ppm or less, more preferably 2.0 ppm or more and 40 ppm or less, and 20 ppm or more and 34 ppm or less. More preferred.
- the cyclization rate can be increased and the content of the ring structural units of the (meth)acrylic polymer can be set within an appropriate range.
- a (meth)acrylic resin composition having excellent mechanical strength can be obtained.
- the content of phosphorus atoms is 50 ppm or less, it is possible to obtain a (meth)acrylic resin composition that suppresses the generation of silver streaks and has excellent stability. Specifically, when the content of phosphorus atoms is 50 ppm or less, the number of corrosive phosphorus atoms is sufficiently small, and the stability is excellent. In addition, the content of phosphorus atoms shall be specified with two significant digits.
- the (meth)acrylic resin composition of the present invention may contain a compound represented by the following formula (I), but preferably does not contain it as much as possible.
- the content of the compound represented by formula (I) in the (meth)acrylic resin composition is 95 ppm or less, preferably 90 ppm or less, more preferably 80 ppm or less, and even more preferably 60 ppm or less. , 0 ppm (that is, not detected by the method described in the Examples).
- the identification and content of the compound represented by the formula (I) can be obtained by the method described in Examples below. In addition, it shall be specified by rounding off to the first decimal place when expressed in ppm.
- R 1 represents an aliphatic hydrocarbon group having 13 or more carbon atoms or an aromatic hydrocarbon group having 6 or more carbon atoms.
- the aliphatic hydrocarbon group represented by R 1 in formula (I) may be saturated or unsaturated, and may be chain or cyclic.
- Examples of aliphatic hydrocarbon groups having 13 or more carbon atoms represented by R 1 include tridecyl, tetradecyl, pentadecyl, hexadecyl, heptadecyl, octadecyl, nonadecyl, and icosyl groups having 13 or more carbon atoms.
- Alkyl groups tridecenyl group, tetradecenyl group, pentadecenyl group, hexadecenyl group, octadecenyl group, alkenyl groups having 13 or more carbon atoms such as octadecadienyl group; cyclotridecyl group, cyclotetradecyl group, cyclopentadecyl group, cyclohexyl a cycloalkyl group having 13 or more carbon atoms such as a sadecyl group, a cycloheptadecyl group, a cyclooctadecyl group; and the like.
- aromatic hydrocarbon groups having 6 or more carbon atoms represented by R 1 include aryl groups having 6 or more carbon atoms such as phenyl, tolyl, xylyl, naphthyl, and biphenyl; benzyl, phenylethyl; an aralkyl group having 7 or more carbon atoms such as a group;
- the (meth)acrylic resin composition of the present invention may contain a compound represented by the following formula (II), but preferably does not contain it as much as possible.
- the content of the compound represented by formula (II) in the (meth)acrylic resin composition is 95 ppm or less, preferably 90 ppm or less, more preferably 80 ppm or less, and even more preferably 60 ppm or less. , 0 ppm (that is, not detected by the method described in the Examples).
- the identification and content of the compound represented by formula (II) can be determined by the same method as for the compound represented by formula (I). In addition, it shall be specified by rounding off to the first decimal place when expressed in ppm.
- R 2 represents an aliphatic hydrocarbon group having 3 or more and 12 or less carbon atoms.
- the aliphatic hydrocarbon group represented by R 2 in formula (II) may be saturated or unsaturated, and may be linear or cyclic.
- Examples of the aliphatic hydrocarbon group having 3 to 12 carbon atoms represented by R 2 include n-propyl group, isopropyl group, butyl group, isobutyl group, sec-butyl group, tert-butyl group, pentyl group, alkyl groups having 3 to 12 carbon atoms such as hexyl group, heptyl group and octyl group; alkenyl groups having 3 to 12 carbon atoms such as propenyl group, butenyl group, pentenyl group, hexenyl group, heptenyl group and octenyl group; Cycloalkyl groups having 3 to 12 carbon atoms such as propyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, cycloheptyl and cycl
- R 2 is preferably an aliphatic hydrocarbon group having 3 to 10 carbon atoms, more preferably an aliphatic hydrocarbon group having 3 to 8 carbon atoms, and further an aliphatic hydrocarbon group having 3 to 7 carbon atoms. preferable.
- the (meth)acrylic resin composition of the present invention contains alcohols (referred to as other alcohols) other than the compounds represented by formula (I) and formula (II). You can stay.
- the other alcohol is a low-molecular-weight alcohol such as methanol or ethanol, it will volatilize and be removed by heating during molding, so that it will not cause contamination of the rolls.
- the content of other alcohols is as small as possible.
- the (meth)acrylic resin composition of the present invention may optionally contain other components in addition to the (meth)acrylic polymer having a ring structure and the phosphorus atom described above. good.
- the (meth)acrylic resin composition of the present invention contains, as the other component, for example, a (meth)acrylic polymer having no ring structure or a polymer other than the (meth)acrylic polymer.
- a (meth)acrylic polymer having no ring structure or a polymer other than the (meth)acrylic polymer.
- polymers other than (meth)acrylic polymers include olefin polymers such as polyethylene, polypropylene, ethylene-propylene polymer, and poly(4-methyl-1-pentene); vinyl chloride and chlorinated vinyl resins.
- halogen-containing polymers such as polystyrene, styrene-methyl methacrylate copolymer, styrene-acrylonitrile copolymer, acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer; polyesters such as phthalates; polyamides such as nylon 6, nylon 66, nylon 610; polyacetals; polycarbonates; polyphenylene oxides; polyphenylene sulfides; cellulose derivatives; rubbery polymers such as ABS resins and ASA resins blended with polybutadiene rubbers and (meth)acrylic rubbers;
- the content of the polymer other than the (meth)acrylic polymer having a ring structure is 100 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the (meth)acrylic polymer having a ring structure.
- the amount is preferably 40 parts by mass or less, more preferably 10 parts by mass or less, even more preferably 5 parts by mass or less, and may
- the (meth)acrylic resin composition of the present invention may contain various additives as long as they do not impair the effects of the present invention.
- Additives include, for example, ultraviolet absorbers; phenolic antioxidants (eg, hydroquinone, 2,6-di-t-butyl-p-cresol, tocopherol, 1,3,5-trimethyl-2,4,6 -tris(3,5-di-t-butyl-4-hydroxybenzyl)benzene, etc.), phosphorus-based antioxidants (e.g., triphenylphosphite, tris(2,4-di-t-butylphenyl)phosphite etc.), antioxidants such as sulfur-based antioxidants (e.g., 2-mercaptobenzimidazole, dilauryl 3,3'-thiodipropionate, etc.); stabilizers such as light stabilizers, weather stabilizers, heat stabilizers, etc.
- phenolic antioxidants eg, hydroquinone
- each additive in 100% by mass of the solid content of the resin composition is preferably 0% by mass or more and 5% by mass or less, more preferably 0% by mass or more and 2% by mass or less.
- Examples of the ultraviolet absorber include benzophenone-based compounds, salicylate-based compounds, benzoate-based compounds, triazole-based compounds, triazine-based compounds, and the like, and known ultraviolet absorbers can be used.
- Benzophenone compounds include 2,4-dihydroxybenzophenone, 4-n-octyloxy-2-hydroxybenzophenone, 2,2'-dihydroxy-4,4'-dimethoxybenzophenone and the like.
- Salicylate-based compounds include pt-butylphenyl salicylate and the like.
- Benzoate compounds include 2,4-di-t-butylphenyl-3',5'-di-t-butyl-4'-hydroxybenzoate and the like.
- Triazole compounds include 2,2′-methylenebis[4-(1,1,3,3-tetramethylbutyl)-6-(2H-benzotriazol-2-yl)phenol], 2-(3,5 -di-tert-butyl-2-hydroxyphenyl)-5-chlorobenzotriazole, 2-(2H-benzotriazol-2-yl)-p-cresol, 2-(2H-benzotriazol-2-yl)-4 ,6-bis(1-methyl-1-phenylethyl)phenol, 2-benzotriazol-2-yl-4,6-di-tert-butylphenol, 2-[5-chloro(2H)-benzotriazole-2- yl]-4-methyl-6-t-butylphenol, 2-(2H-benzotriazol-2-yl)-4,6-di-t-butylphenol, 2-(2H-benzotriazol-2-yl)-4 -(1,1,3,3-tetramethyl
- Triazine compounds include 2-[4,6-bis(biphenyl-4-yl)-1,3,6-triazi-2-yl]-5-[(2-ethylhexyl)oxy]phenol, 2-mono (Hydroxyphenyl)-1,3,5-triazine compound, 2,4-bis(hydroxyphenyl)-1,3,5-triazine compound, 2,4,6-tris(hydroxyphenyl)-1,3,5 - triazine compounds and the like.
- UV absorbers include, for example, triazine-based UV absorbers Tinuvin (registered trademark) 1577, Tinuvin (registered trademark) 460, Tinuvin (registered trademark) 477 (manufactured by BASF Japan), Adekastab (registered trademark) LA. -F70 (manufactured by ADEKA), Adekastab (registered trademark) LA-31 (manufactured by ADEKA), which is a triazole-based UV absorber, and the like. Only one type of ultraviolet absorber may be used, or two or more types may be used in combination.
- the (meth)acrylic resin composition of the present invention preferably does not contain a hindered phenol compound and/or a compound that is a source of hindered phenol compounds, in order to more effectively suppress roll contamination.
- a hindered phenol compound preferably does not contain a hindered phenol compound and/or a compound that is a source of hindered phenol compounds, in order to more effectively suppress roll contamination.
- hindered phenol compounds cause roll contamination.
- Hindered phenol compounds include, for example, 2,6-di-t-butyl-p-cresol, 1,3,5-trimethyl-2,4,6-tris(3,5-di-t-butyl-4 -hydroxybenzyl) benzene and other hindered phenol-based antioxidants.
- the compound that is the source of the hindered phenol compound examples include organic phosphorus compounds having a hindered phenol moiety, specifically tris(2,4-di-t-butylphenyl) phosphite and the like. Phosphorus-based antioxidants having hindered phenol moieties and the like can be mentioned.
- the hindered phenol compound is a phenolic compound having at least one or more sterically bulky substituents, for example, a tertiary alkyl group such as a t-butyl group, and at least one tertiary alkyl group. Phenolic compounds with
- the (meth)acrylic resin composition of the present invention has a phosphorus atom content of 1.0 ppm or more and 50 ppm or less, and a content of the compound represented by the above formula (I) of 95 ppm or less. and preferably the content of the compound represented by the above formula (II) is 95 ppm or less, so that roll contamination can be reduced, silver streak generation is suppressed, and stability is excellent.
- the weight average molecular weight (Mw) of the (meth)acrylic resin composition is, for example, 50,000 or more, preferably 80,000 or more, more preferably 100,000 or more, and still more preferably 115,000 or more. , more preferably 120,000 or more, for example, 300,000 or less, preferably 250,000 or less, and more preferably 200,000 or less.
- Mw weight average molecular weight
- the number average molecular weight (Mn) of the (meth)acrylic resin composition is, for example, 30,000 or more, preferably 35,000 or more, more preferably 40,000 or more, for example, 250,000 or less, It is preferably 200,000 or less, more preferably 150,000 or less.
- Mn number average molecular weight of the (meth)acrylic resin composition
- Mw represents the weight average molecular weight of the (meth)acrylic resin composition
- Mn represents the number average molecular weight of the (meth)acrylic resin composition
- it is 3.5 or less, preferably 3.0 or less, more preferably 2.5 or less, and there is no particular lower limit.
- it may be 1.1 or more.
- the (meth)acrylic resin composition preferably has a glass transition temperature of 110°C or higher. Having a glass transition temperature of 110° C. or higher increases the heat resistance of the resin composition.
- the (meth)acrylic resin composition may have multiple glass transition temperatures of 110° C. or higher.
- the glass transition temperature of the (meth)acrylic resin composition is more preferably 120° C. or higher, still more preferably 123° C. or higher. From the viewpoint of enhancing workability during molding, the glass transition temperature of the (meth)acrylic resin composition is preferably less than 300°C, more preferably 200°C or less, and even more preferably 180°C or less.
- the (meth)acrylic resin composition has good adhesion because the content of the compound represented by formula (I) is 95 ppm or less.
- the (meth)acrylic resin composition Since the (meth)acrylic resin composition has good adhesion, contamination of rolls during molding is suppressed. If the rolls become contaminated during molding, there is a risk that the appearance (smoothness) of the molded product will be impaired, and production efficiency will be reduced by stopping the line to remove the contamination on the roll surface.
- Method for producing a (meth)acrylic resin composition In the method for producing a (meth)acrylic resin composition of the present invention, a (meth)acrylic polymer is subjected to a cyclization reaction, and the (meth)acrylic polymer is The method is characterized by including a cyclization step of forming at least one of a lactone ring structure and a glutaric anhydride structure on the main chain, and using a specific cyclization catalyst as a catalyst for the cyclization reaction.
- the method for producing the (meth)acrylic resin composition of the present invention preferably includes a polymerization step of polymerizing the (meth)acrylic monomer to form the (meth)acrylic polymer.
- the (meth)acrylic monomer is a polymerizable component, and examples of the (meth)acrylic monomer include the same monomers as the (meth)acrylic monomers described above, which are preferred. Aspects are also the same.
- the (meth)acrylic monomer used for polymerization may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the (meth)acrylic monomer used for polymerization preferably contains at least (meth)acrylic acid or (meth)acrylic acid ester, and more preferably contains at least (meth)acrylic acid ester.
- the (meth)acrylic monomer used for polymerization preferably further contains a (meth)acrylic acid ester derivative.
- (meth)acrylic monomers used for polymerization preferably include (meth)acrylic acid esters and hydroxy group-introduced derivatives of (meth)acrylic acid esters.
- the ratio of the total amount of the (meth)acrylic monomer to the total amount of the monomer components used for polymerization is preferably 50% by mass or more, more preferably 60% by mass or more, and still more preferably 70% by mass, from the viewpoint of the transparency of the molded article. % or more, more preferably 75% by mass or more, and there is no particular upper limit, and it may be 100% by mass.
- the content of (meth)acrylic acid and/or (meth)acrylic acid ester in the (meth)acrylic monomer used for polymerization is, for example, 30% by mass or more, preferably 50% by mass or more, more preferably 60% by mass.
- the content of the (meth)acrylic acid ester derivative (preferably ⁇ -(1-hydroxyalkyl) alkyl acrylate) relative to the total amount of monomer components used for polymerization is, for example, 1% by mass or more, preferably 5% by mass or more. , More preferably 8% by mass or more, still more preferably 10% by mass or more, for example, 70% by mass or less, preferably 50% by mass or less, more preferably 30% by mass or less, and still more preferably 20% by mass or less .
- the monomer component which is a polymerization component, may contain other monomers other than the (meth)acrylic monomers, and examples of the other monomers include the same monomers as the other monomers described above. , and preferred embodiments thereof are also the same.
- the other monomers used for polymerization may be of only one type, or may be of two or more types.
- the ratio of the total amount of other monomers to the total amount of monomer components is, for example, 0% by mass or more, preferably 1% by mass or more, for example, 30% by mass or less, preferably 20% by mass or less, more preferably 10% by mass. % by mass or less.
- a polymerization initiator In the polymerization reaction using the (meth)acrylic monomer, a polymerization initiator may be used as necessary.
- polymerization initiators examples include 2,2'-azobisisobutyronitrile, 2,2'-azobis(2-amidinopropane) dihydrochloride, dimethyl-2,2'-azobis(2-methylpropane).
- azo compounds such as 4,4′-azobis (4-cyanopentanoic acid); persulfates such as potassium persulfate; cumene hydroperoxide, diisopropylbenzene hydroperoxide, di-t-butyl peroxide, lauroyl peroxide, benzoyl peroxide, t-butylperoxyisopropyl carbonate, t-amylperoxy-2-ethylhexanoate, t-amylperoxyoctoate, t-amylperoxyisononanoate, t-amylper Organic peroxides such as oxyisopropyl carbonate and t-amylperoxy 2-ethylhexyl carbonate can be used
- the amount of the polymerization initiator used is, for example, 500 ppm or more, preferably 1000 ppm or more, or more, relative to the total amount of the monomer components. Preferably it is 1500 ppm or more.
- the amount of the polymerization initiator used is, for example, 2% by mass or less, preferably 1% by mass or less, more preferably 0.5% by mass or less, relative to the total amount of the monomer components.
- a reducing agent such as sodium hydrogen sulfite
- a transition metal salt such as ferrous sulfate
- a chain transfer agent may be added to the reaction system in order to adjust the weight average molecular weight of the (meth)acrylic polymer.
- a chain transfer agent By adding a chain transfer agent to the reaction system, the (meth)acrylic polymer can be made to have a low molecular weight.
- chain transfer agents include organic thiol compounds; halogen compounds such as carbon tetrachloride, carbon tetrabromide, methylene chloride, bromoform, and bromotrichloroethane; Examples include unsaturated hydrocarbon compounds. These chain transfer agents may be used alone or in combination of two or more. Among these, an organic thiol compound is preferable because it can suppress a decrease in conversion rate.
- Examples of the organic thiol compound include monofunctional thiol compounds and polyfunctional thiol compounds.
- Examples of the monofunctional thiol compound include aromatics such as thiophenol, 2-mercaptobenzothiazole, 2-mercaptobenzimidazole, 2-mercaptobenzoxazole, 3-mercapto-1,2,4-triazole, and octyl thioglycolate.
- aliphatic monofunctional thiol compound examples include aliphatic hydrocarbons such as octyl 2-mercaptopropionate, octyl 3-mercaptopropionate, 2-ethylhexyl mercaptopropionate, and 2-mercaptoethyl octanoate.
- polyfunctional thiol compound examples include polyfunctional thiol compounds having an aromatic ring such as 1,4-dimethylmercaptobenzene and 1,3,5-triazine-2,4,6-trithiol; 1,8-dimercapto -3,6-dioxaoctane, ethylene glycol bisthioglycolate, trimethylolpropane tristhioglycolate, trimethylolpropane tristhiopropionate, trimethylolpropane tristhiobutanate, pentaerythritol tetrakisthioglycolate, pentaerythritol Having an aromatic ring such as tetrakisthiopropionate, pentaerythritol tetrakis (4-mercaptobutanate), pentaerythritol tetrakis (6-mercaptohexanate), dipentaerythritol hexakis (3-mer
- organic thiol compound monofunctional thiol compounds are preferred, aliphatic monofunctional thiol compounds are more preferred, and alkylthiol compounds are even more preferred.
- the amount of the chain transfer agent used is, for example, 200 ppm or more, preferably 400 ppm or more, more preferably 500 ppm or more, for example, 5% by mass or less, preferably 1% by mass or less, relative to the total amount of the monomer components. More preferably, it is 0.5% by mass or less.
- the ratio of the amount of the chain transfer agent and the polymerization initiator used is preferably 0.10 or more, more preferably 0.15 or more, and still more preferably 0. 0.20 or more, preferably 2.0 or less, more preferably 1.5 or less, still more preferably 1.0 or less.
- amount ratio of the chain transfer agent and the polymerization initiator is within the above range, the polymerization rate can be appropriately maintained and the molecular weight distribution can be narrowed.
- the polymerization form of the (meth)acrylic monomer may be batch polymerization or continuous polymerization. When a chain transfer agent is used, the residual amount of unreacted chain transfer agent can be reduced. Batch polymerization is preferred. Polymerization of the (meth)acrylic monomer may be bulk polymerization, solution polymerization, emulsion polymerization, or suspension polymerization, but solution polymerization is preferred because of its high safety and low risk of foreign matter contamination.
- Solvents usable in solution polymerization include aromatic hydrocarbon solvents such as toluene, xylene and ethylbenzene; ketone solvents such as acetone, methyl ethyl ketone, methyl isobutyl ketone and cyclohexanone; tetrahydrofuran, dioxane, ethylene glycol dimethyl ether, diethylene glycol dimethyl ether, Ether solvents such as anisole; Ester solvents such as ethyl acetate, butyl acetate, propylene glycol monomethyl ether acetate, 3-methoxybutyl acetate; Cellosolve solvents such as methyl cellosolve, ethyl cellosolve, butyl cellosolve; methanol, ethanol, isopropanol, n alcohol solvents such as butanol; nitrile solvents such as acetonitrile, propionitrile, butyronitrile and benz
- the total concentration of the monomers (monomer components) in the polymerization reaction solution is, for example, 5% by mass or more, preferably 10% by mass or more, more preferably 30% by mass or more, and for example, 90% by mass or less, preferably 80% by mass or less, more preferably 70% by mass or less.
- the amount of solvent used in the polymerization reaction is not particularly limited as long as the total concentration of the monomers in the polymerization reaction solution is within the above range.
- the total amount of each may be initially charged, or a fixed amount may be initially charged and the remainder may be added all at once or continuously to the reaction system during the polymerization reaction.
- the continuation may be continuous or intermittent such as divided addition, preferably continuous or intermittent at intervals of 10 minutes or less, more preferably continuous.
- the method of adding the polymerization initiator and the chain transfer agent, which are used as necessary is not particularly limited.
- the total amount of each may be initially charged, or a fixed amount may be initially charged and the remainder may be added all at once or continuously to the reaction system during the polymerization reaction, or the total amount may be added to the reaction system by addition.
- the continuation may be continuous or intermittent such as divided addition, preferably continuous or intermittent at intervals of 10 minutes or less, more preferably continuous.
- the polymerization initiator can narrow the molecular weight distribution of the obtained (meth)acrylic polymer, the total amount is continuously added to the reaction system during the polymerization reaction, or a certain amount is initially charged and the rest is polymerized. It is preferable to continuously add to the reaction system during the reaction.
- the atmosphere in which the (meth)acrylic monomer is polymerized is not particularly limited, it is preferably an inert gas such as nitrogen gas from the viewpoint of increasing the efficiency of the polymerization reaction.
- the polymerization temperature for polymerizing the (meth)acrylic monomer is, for example, 40° C. or higher, preferably 60° C. or higher, more preferably 80° C. or higher.
- the 10-hour half-life temperature means the temperature at which the half-life of the polymerization initiator is 10 hours.
- the polymerization temperature is, for example, 180° C. or lower, preferably 150° C. or lower, more preferably 120° C. or lower, and when a solvent is used, it is preferably not higher than the reflux temperature of the solvent used.
- the polymerization time for polymerizing the (meth)acrylic monomer is not particularly limited, and may be appropriately set according to the progress of the polymerization reaction, but is usually about 2 to 8 hours.
- aging may be performed as necessary. Aging further improves monomer conversion.
- the aging time is, for example, 0 hours or more and 10 hours or less, preferably 1 hour or more and 5 hours or less.
- the conversion rate of the monomer at the end of the reaction is, for example, 80% or higher, preferably 85% or higher, and more preferably 88% or higher.
- the total content of structural units derived from (meth)acrylic monomers in all structural units of the (meth)acrylic polymer obtained by the polymerization reaction is preferably 50% by mass or more from the viewpoint of the transparency of the molded product. , more preferably 60% by mass or more, still more preferably 70% by mass or more, and even more preferably 75% by mass or more. There is no particular upper limit, and it may be 100% by mass.
- the total content of structural units derived from (meth)acrylic acid ester derivatives (preferably ⁇ -(1-hydroxyalkyl)alkyl acrylate) in all structural units of the (meth)acrylic polymer obtained by the polymerization reaction is preferably 5% by mass or more, more preferably 8% by mass or more, still more preferably 10% by mass or more, for example, 70% by mass or less, preferably 50% by mass or less, more preferably 30% by mass or less, and further Preferably, it is 20% by mass or less.
- the cyclization catalyst is selected from the group consisting of C 3-12 alkyl phosphate, C 3-12 alkyl phosphite, and C 3-12 hypophosphite. By using at least one of them, it is possible to efficiently perform the cyclization reaction and to suppress deterioration of adhesion of the obtained (meth)acrylic resin composition.
- C 3-12 alkyl phosphate examples include monopropyl phosphate, dipropyl phosphate, tripropyl phosphate, monoisopropyl phosphate, diisopropyl phosphate, triisopropyl phosphate, monobutyl phosphate, dibutyl phosphate, phosphorus tributyl acid, mono-tert-butyl phosphate, di-tert-butyl phosphate, tri-tert-butyl phosphate, monopentyl phosphate, dipentyl phosphate, tripentyl phosphate, monohexyl phosphate, dihexyl phosphate, trihexyl phosphate, phosphorus monoheptyl phosphate, diheptyl phosphate, triheptyl phosphate, monooctyl phosphate, dioctyl phosphate, trioctyl phosphate and the like.
- the C 3-12 alkyl phosphate is preferably a C 3-10 alkyl phosphate, more preferably a C 3-8 alkyl phosphate, and even more preferably a C 3-7 alkyl phosphate.
- the C 3-8 alkyl phosphate is preferably a C 3-8 straight-chain alkyl phosphate, more preferably a C 3-8 mono-straight-chain alkyl phosphate and a C 3-8 di-straight-chain alkyl phosphate.
- the C 3-7 alkyl phosphate is preferably a C 3-7 straight-chain alkyl phosphate, more preferably a C 3-7 mono-straight-chain alkyl phosphate and a C 3-7 di-straight-chain alkyl phosphate.
- monobutyl phosphate and dibutyl phosphate are particularly preferred.
- C 3-12 alkyl phosphite examples include monopropyl phosphite, dipropyl phosphite, tripropyl phosphite, monoisopropyl phosphite, diisopropyl phosphite, triisopropyl phosphite, phosphite monobutyl acid, dibutyl phosphite, tributyl phosphite, mono-tert-butyl phosphite, di-tert-butyl phosphite, tri-tert-butyl phosphite, monopentyl phosphite, dipentyl phosphite, phosphorous tripentyl phosphite, monohexyl phosphite, dihexyl phosphite, trihexyl phosphite, monoheptyl phosphite, dihept
- the C 3-12 alkyl phosphite is preferably a C 3-10 alkyl phosphite, more preferably a C 3-8 alkyl phosphite, and even more preferably a C 3-7 alkyl phosphite.
- the C 3-8 alkyl phosphite is more preferably C 3-8 straight-chain alkyl phosphite, C 3-8 mono-straight-chain alkyl phosphite, C 3-8 di-straight-chain alkyl phosphite Esters are even more preferred.
- the C 3-7 alkyl phosphite is preferably C 3-7 straight-chain alkyl phosphite, C 3-7 mono-straight-chain alkyl phosphite, C 3-7 di-straight-chain alkyl phosphite Esters are more preferred.
- C 3-12 alkyl phosphites monobutyl phosphite and dibutyl phosphite are particularly preferred.
- Hypophosphite C 3-12 alkyl esters include, for example, monopropyl hypophosphite, dipropyl hypophosphite, tripropyl hypophosphite, monoisopropyl hypophosphite, diisopropyl hypophosphite, hypophosphite triisopropyl phosphate, monobutyl hypophosphite, dibutyl hypophosphite, tributyl hypophosphite, mono-tert-butyl hypophosphite, di-tert-butyl hypophosphite, tri-tert-butyl hypophosphite, monopentyl hypophosphite, dipentyl hypophosphite, tripentyl hypophosphite, monohexyl hypophosphite, dihexyl hypophosphite, trihexyl hypophosphite, monoheptyl hypophosphite
- the C 3-12 alkyl hypophosphite is preferably a C 3-10 alkyl hypophosphite, more preferably a C 3-8 alkyl hypophosphite, and a C 3-7 alkyl hypophosphite. is more preferred.
- the C 3-8 alkyl hypophosphite is more preferably C 3-8 linear alkyl hypophosphite, C 3-8 mono linear alkyl hypophosphite, C 3-8 hypophosphite Dilinear alkyl esters are even more preferred.
- the C 3-7 alkyl hypophosphite is more preferably C 3-7 linear alkyl hypophosphite, C 3-7 mono linear alkyl hypophosphite, C 3-7 hypophosphite Dilinear alkyl esters are even more preferred.
- C 3-12 alkyl hypophosphite monobutyl hypophosphite and dibutyl hypophosphite are particularly preferred.
- cyclization catalyst Only one kind of the cyclization catalyst may be used, or two or more kinds thereof may be used in combination. When two or more types are used together, one of them may be stearyl phosphate. This is because one of the ideas of the present invention is to make the proportion of stearyl phosphate in the total amount of the cyclization catalyst smaller than before.
- a phosphoric acid C 3-12 alkyl ester is preferable because of its high catalytic activity.
- the decomposition temperature of the cyclization catalyst is preferably 160°C or higher, more preferably 180°C or higher, and still more preferably 200°C or higher.
- the decomposition temperature of butyl phosphate is 220°C and the decomposition temperature of octyl phosphate is 247°C.
- cyclization reaction to form a lactone ring structure between a hydroxy group and an ester group or a carboxyl group;
- a glutaric anhydride structure between a carboxyl group and an ester group or another carboxyl group; cyclization reaction to form
- a hydroxy group-containing (meth)acrylic monomer A such as alkyl ⁇ -(1-hydroxyalkyl)acrylate is homopolymerized, or the hydroxy A group-containing (meth)acrylic monomer A and a (meth)acrylic monomer B such as (meth)acrylic acid or (meth)acrylic acid ester are copolymerized to form a (meth)acrylic polymer molecular chain.
- a hydroxy group and an ester group or a carboxyl group are introduced.
- a lactone ring structure can be formed by dealcoholization or dehydration cyclocondensation between a hydroxy group and an ester group or a carboxyl group.
- the hydroxy group-containing (meth)acrylic monomer A in the cyclization reaction (i) include hydroxy group-introduced derivatives of the aforementioned (meth)acrylic acid esters, and preferred embodiments thereof are the same.
- the (meth)acrylic monomer B includes the above-described (meth)acrylic acid and (meth)acrylic acid ester, and preferred embodiments thereof are also the same.
- (meth)acrylic acid is homopolymerized to introduce a carboxyl group into the molecular chain of the (meth)acrylic polymer, or (meth)acrylic acid A (meth)acrylic monomer B such as a (meth)acrylic acid ester is polymerized (preferably copolymerized) to introduce a carboxyl group and an ester group into the molecular chain of the (meth)acrylic polymer.
- a glutaric anhydride structure can be formed by dehydration cyclocondensation between two carboxyl groups or by dealcoholization between a carboxyl group and an ester group.
- the (meth)acrylic monomer B in the cyclization reaction (ii) include the above-mentioned (meth)acrylic acid and (meth)acrylic acid esters, and preferred embodiments thereof are also the same.
- addition reaction of a hydroxy group to the double bond portion, ester A hydroxy group, an ester group, or a carboxyl group that reacts in a cyclization reaction may be subsequently introduced into the (meth)acrylic polymer by hydrolysis of the group, esterification reaction of the carboxyl group or acid anhydride group, or the like.
- the reaction may be carried out so as to be within the ranges of the content ratio of the units and the cyclization rate.
- the cyclization reaction may be carried out in the presence of a solvent, and the solvents that can be used in the cyclization reaction include the same types of solvents that can be used in the polymerization reaction described above, and preferred embodiments are also the same.
- a new solvent may be added after removing the solvent used in the solution polymerization, or the solvent used in the solution polymerization may be used as a solvent in the cyclization reaction.
- the concentration of the (meth)acrylic polymer in the cyclization reaction solution is, for example, 5% by mass or more, preferably 10% by mass or more, more preferably 30% by mass or more, and for example, 90% by mass or less, preferably 80% by mass or less, more preferably 70% by mass or less.
- the amount of solvent used in the cyclization reaction is not particularly limited as long as the concentration of the (meth)acrylic polymer in the cyclization reaction solution is within the above range.
- the amount of the cyclization catalyst used is, for example, preferably 100 ppm or more and 1000 ppm or less, more preferably 110 ppm or more, still more preferably 120 ppm or more, and more It is more preferably 150 ppm or more, more preferably 900 ppm or less, still more preferably 800 ppm or less, and even more preferably 700 ppm or less.
- the amount of the cyclization catalyst used is within the above range, the cyclization rate is increased, and the generation of silver streaks is suppressed and stabilized while forming the desired ratio of ring structural units in the (meth)acrylic polymer.
- a (meth)acrylic resin composition having excellent properties can be obtained.
- the entire amount may be initially charged, or a fixed amount may be initially charged and the remainder may be added all at once or continuously to the reaction system during the cyclization reaction.
- the entire amount may be introduced into the reaction system by addition.
- the continuation may be continuous or intermittent such as divided addition, preferably continuous or intermittent at intervals of 10 minutes or less, more preferably continuous.
- the reaction temperature for the cyclization reaction is, for example, 50°C to 300°C, preferably 70°C to 150°C.
- the reaction time for the cyclization reaction is, for example, about 5 minutes to 6 hours, preferably 30 minutes to 3 hours. According to the cyclization catalyst of the present invention, since the cyclization reaction can be performed efficiently, even if the reaction time is less than 3 hours, the cyclization rate is high, and the above-mentioned ring structural unit in the (meth)acrylic polymer can achieve cyclization within the range of the content ratio of
- the cyclization reaction is carried out in a reaction vessel in which the polymerization reaction is carried out, and further progressed in an autoclave, multitubular heat exchanger, or the like.
- the devolatilization step is a treatment step for removing volatile matter such as solvent and residual monomers, and alcohol by-produced by the cyclization reaction. If at least one selected from the group consisting of C 3-12 alkyl phosphate, C 3-12 alkyl phosphite, and C 3-12 hypophosphite is used as a cyclization catalyst, devolatilization Easy to volatilize and be removed in the process. Furthermore, by performing the devolatilization step under heating conditions, the cyclization catalyst is decomposed to generate alcohol, and it is preferable that the alcohol is also removed.
- the (meth)acrylic resin composition has a large amount of residual volatile matter, and foaming occurs during molding, resulting in poor molding.
- alkyl phosphates, alkyl phosphites, or alkyl hypophosphites having 13 or more carbon atoms are used as the cyclization catalyst, higher alcohols (carbon atoms alcohol of 13 or more) is difficult to volatilize, so it remains in the (meth)acrylic resin composition and reduces the adhesion of the (meth)acrylic resin composition.
- the device used for devolatilization is not particularly limited, but for example, an autoclave, a kettle-type reactor, a device consisting of a heat exchanger and a devolatilization tank, a vented extruder, etc. can be used, and a dryer may be used. .
- the extruder When using a vented extruder for devolatilization, the extruder preferably has a cylinder, a screw provided in the cylinder, and heating means. It is preferable that the cylinder is provided with one or more vents, and the vent is more preferably provided at least downstream of the raw material charging section with respect to the transfer direction in the extruder, and upstream of the raw material charging section. It may also be provided on the side. Volatilization progresses in the process in which the polymer fed into the extruder is conveyed from the upstream side to the downstream side of the extruder while being kneaded by a screw.
- a die is preferably provided on the downstream side of the extruder, and the polymer can be molded into a predetermined shape by discharging the polymer from the die.
- pellets can be produced by finely cutting a rod-shaped polymer.
- the die part of the extruder is provided with a polymer filter.
- the devolatilization treatment temperature is preferably in the range of 150°C to 350°C, more preferably in the range of 200°C to 300°C. When the devolatilization treatment temperature is lower than 150°C, the devolatilization becomes insufficient and the remaining volatile matter increases.
- the degree of pressure reduction during the devolatilization treatment is preferably 13.3 hPa or more (for example, about 13.3 hPa to 800 hPa).
- the additive may be added in one or more steps selected from the polymerization step, the cyclization step, and the steps after the cyclization step. However, it is preferable that the additive does not contain the hindered phenol compound and/or the compound that is the source of the hindered phenol compound.
- the (meth)acrylic resin composition can be molded into various shapes and used as various products or parts.
- the shape of the molded article may be appropriately set according to the application, and examples thereof include plate-like, granular, powdery, lumpy, particle aggregate, spherical, ellipsoidal, lens-like, cubic, columnar, rod-like, cone-like, Cylindrical, acicular, fibrous, hollow fiber, porous and the like can be mentioned.
- Molded bodies of these (meth)acrylic resin compositions can be formed by, for example, injection molding, extrusion molding, blow molding, or other processes in which (meth)acrylic resin particles are thermally melted, or the primary molded body is further subjected to secondary molding (vacuum molding).
- the shape of the (meth)acrylic resin particles is preferably, for example, powder with a particle diameter of 1 ⁇ m to 1000 ⁇ m, cylindrical or spherical pellets with a major diameter of about 1 mm to 10 mm, or a mixture thereof.
- the (meth)acrylic resin particles may be further formed into a film to form an optical film.
- optical films include polarizer protective films, retardation films, viewing angle compensation films, light diffusion films, reflective films, antireflection films, antiglare films, brightness enhancement films, and conductive films for touch panels.
- These optical films generally have a (meth)acrylic resin layer made of a (meth)acrylic resin composition and a primer layer provided on the surface of the (meth)acrylic resin layer. Contains particles.
- the primer layer is, for example, a layer made of at least one resin selected from urethane resin, cellulose resin, polyol resin, polycarboxylic acid resin, and polyester resin.
- the particles may be organic particles or inorganic particles.
- the organic particles are, for example, particles containing an organic polymer such as a (meth)acrylic polymer having a (meth)acrylic monomer as a structural unit or a styrene polymer having a styrene monomer as a structural unit.
- the constituent units ((meth)acrylic monomer, styrene monomer, etc.) of the organic polymer may be those prepared through recycling such as chemical recycling.
- examples of inorganic particles include silica particles, alumina particles, titania particles, zirconia particles, vitreous particles, and the like. These particles may also be prepared through recycling.
- the molding temperature of the (meth)acrylic resin composition is not particularly limited, but is preferably in the range of 150°C to 350°C, more preferably in the range of 200°C to 300°C.
- the (meth)acrylic resin composition of the present invention can reduce roll contamination, further suppresses the generation of silver streaks and has excellent stability, so the (meth)acrylic resin composition is used. Molded products with excellent appearance can be produced with high efficiency.
- Weight average molecular weight, number average molecular weight, molecular weight distribution The weight average molecular weight (Mw), number average molecular weight (Mn) and molecular weight distribution (Mw/Mn) of the (meth)acrylic resin in the polymerization solution and after polymerization are It calculated
- GPC gel permeation chromatography
- Measurement system Tosoh GPC system HLC-8220 Measurement side column configuration: ⁇ Guard column (manufactured by Tosoh, TSK guardcolumn SuperHZ-L) ⁇ Separation column (manufactured by Tosoh, TSK Gel Super HZM-M), two columns connected in series Reference side column configuration: ⁇ Reference column (manufactured by Tosoh, TSK gel SuperH-RC) Developing solvent: Chloroform (manufactured by Wako Pure Chemical Industries, special grade) Flow rate of developing solvent: 0.6 mL / min Standard sample: TSK standard polystyrene (manufactured by Tosoh, PS-oligomer kit)
- the glass transition temperature (Tg) of the (meth)acrylic resin composition was determined by the starting point method in accordance with JIS K7121. Specifically, using a differential scanning calorimeter (Thermo plus EVO DSC-8230 manufactured by Rigaku Co., Ltd.), a sample of about 10 mg was heated from room temperature to 200 ° C. under nitrogen gas flow (100 ml / min) (heating The evaluation was made from the DSC curve obtained at a speed of 20°C/min). ⁇ -alumina was used as a reference.
- Lactone Cyclization Rate Two parts of the (meth)acrylic resin composition were dissolved in 20 parts of chloroform, and the resulting solution was added dropwise to 200 parts of methanol to obtain a solution containing precipitates. A sample was obtained by filtering the solution containing the precipitate, extracting the precipitate, and drying it in a vacuum dryer at 80° C. for 4 hours. The obtained sample was analyzed by the following method (dynamic TG method), and the lactone cyclization rate (%) was calculated from the formula (B).
- Alcohol component measurement Sample preparation 2 parts of the (meth)acrylic resin composition was dissolved in 20 parts of chloroform, and the obtained solution was dropped into 200 parts of methanol to obtain a solution containing precipitates.
- the obtained sample solution was measured using GC-MS to identify detected alcohol components other than methanol.
- the sample solution was measured using gas chromatography (manufactured by Shimadzu Corporation, device name: GC17A) to quantify the alcohol component content (ppm) other than methanol in the (meth)acrylic resin composition.
- Adhesion evaluation A (meth)acrylic resin composition is sandwiched between aluminum thin plates (manufactured by Nippon Test Panel, film thickness 0.1 mm), and further sandwiched between aluminum thin plates with SUS plates. It was melt press molded at 250° C. for 5 minutes using IMC-180C type manufactured by Imoto Seisakusho. After that, it was removed from the press while sandwiched between the SUS plates, cooled for 1 minute, and when the aluminum thin plate was peeled off, if the resin composition adhered to the entire surface of the aluminum thin plate, the adhesion was "good", and the resin composition was evaluated as "good”. The adhesion was judged to be "Normal” when the resin composition partially adhered, and the adhesion was judged to be "Poor” when the resin composition could be peeled off without adhering.
- the pellets were melted with a single screw while being sucked from the vent port at 25 Torr, and passed through a leaf disk type polymer filter with a filtration accuracy of 5 ⁇ m using a gear pump. Then, the molten resin was extruded from a T-die with a width of 600 mm and cast on a hard chromium-plated cooling roll temperature-controlled at 115° C. to obtain a raw film with a thickness of 145 ⁇ m. After the above-mentioned melt film formation, the surface of the cast cooling roll was visually observed. If white turbidity was also observed in the central portion in the width direction of the film, it was determined as "defective".
- Example 1 83.5 parts of methyl methacrylate (MMA), methyl 2-(hydroxymethyl) acrylate (MHMA; ⁇ -(hydroxymethyl) acrylic 12 parts of methyl acid) and 88.7 parts of toluene were charged, and the temperature was raised to 105° C. while nitrogen was passed through. When refluxing with temperature rise started, 0.535 parts of a 20% by weight toluene solution of t-amylperoxyisononanoate (manufactured by Arkema Yoshitomi Co., Ltd., Luperox (registered trademark) 570T20) was added as a polymerization initiator.
- MMA methyl methacrylate
- MHMA methyl 2-(hydroxymethyl) acrylate
- ⁇ -(hydroxymethyl) acrylic 12 parts of methyl acid 88.7 parts
- the extruder has one rear vent, four fore vents (hereinafter referred to as first, second, third, and fourth vents from the upstream side), and side vents between the third and fourth vents. Equipped with a feeder, the number of revolutions was 80 rpm, the degree of pressure reduction was 25 to 800 hPa, and the barrel temperature was 255° C. (heated with a heat medium of 255° C.).
- the extruder has a leaf disk-shaped polymer filter (filtration accuracy of 10 ⁇ m) at the tip, and the extrusion die provided at the tip of the polymer filter has pores formed around the circumference of the resin ejection surface.
- a large number of water ring cut type cutters are installed along the ridge. After cutting and water-cooling solidification, a dehydration facility using a centrifugal dryer is provided, and the material is transported to a storage silo by gas transportation.
- ion-exchanged water is introduced at a rate of 1.5 parts/hour from the upstream of the second and third vents, and ion-exchanged water is introduced at a rate of 3 parts/hour from the upstream of the fourth vent.
- the molten (meth)acrylic resin composition is extruded from the die (pore) of the extrusion die, cut, and water cooled. After solidification, it was dehydrated using a centrifugal dryer, transported, and then cooled in a storage silo to obtain a (meth)acrylic resin composition (A-1).
- Table 1 shows the composition of the obtained (meth)acrylic resin composition (A-1), and Table 2 shows its physical properties.
- Example 2 As a catalyst (cyclization catalyst) for the cyclization condensation reaction, (meth)acrylic A system resin composition (A-2) was obtained.
- Table 1 shows the compounding composition of the obtained (meth)acrylic resin composition (A-2), and Table 2 shows each physical property.
- Example 3 (Meth)acrylic (meth)acrylic A system resin composition (A-3) was obtained.
- Table 1 shows the composition of the obtained (meth)acrylic resin composition (A-3), and Table 2 shows its physical properties.
- ADEKA Co., Ltd., ADEKA STAB (registered trademark) LA-F70 ultraviolet absorber
- Example 5 (Meth)acrylic (meth)acrylic A system resin composition (A-5) was obtained.
- Table 1 shows the formulation of the obtained (meth)acrylic resin (A-5) composition, and Table 2 shows each physical property.
- Comparative example 1 83.5 parts of MMA, 12 parts of MHMA, 0.07 parts of nDM, and 88.7 parts of toluene were charged into a reactor equipped with a stirrer, temperature sensor, cooling condenser, and nitrogen inlet tube, and heated to 105°C while passing nitrogen through the reactor. The temperature was raised to When the reflux started with the temperature rise, 0.451 part of a 20% by weight toluene solution of t-amylperoxyisononanoate (manufactured by Arkema Yoshitomi Co., Ltd., Luperox (registered trademark) 570T20) was added as a polymerization initiator.
- t-amylperoxyisononanoate manufactured by Arkema Yoshitomi Co., Ltd., Luperox (registered trademark) 570T20
- stearyl phosphate Phoslex A-18, manufactured by SC Organic Chemical Co., Ltd.
- cyclization catalyst a catalyst for the cyclization condensation reaction
- the cyclization condensation reaction to form the lactone ring structure was allowed to proceed for 2 hours under reflux at °C.
- the resulting polymerization solution was passed through a shell and tube heat exchanger heated to 235° C. to complete the cyclization condensation reaction.
- the obtained polymerization solution was introduced at a processing rate of 100 parts / hour in terms of resin amount and devolatilized. processed.
- a toluene solution consisting of 74:1:1 was charged upstream of the third vent at a rate of 0.165 parts/hour.
- the molten (meth)acrylic resin composition is extruded from the die (pore) of the extrusion die, cut, and water cooled. After solidification, it was dehydrated using a centrifugal dryer, transported, and then cooled in a storage silo to obtain a (meth)acrylic resin composition (A-6).
- Table 1 shows the composition of the obtained (meth)acrylic resin (A-6) composition
- Table 2 shows each physical property.
- Comparative example 2 (Meth)acrylic (meth)acrylic A system resin composition (A-7) was obtained.
- Table 1 shows the formulation of the obtained (meth)acrylic resin (A-7) composition, and Table 2 shows each physical property.
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Abstract
Description
すなわち本発明は、以下の構成要件によって特定される。
[1] 主鎖にラクトン環構造及び無水グルタル酸構造の少なくとも一方である環構造を有する(メタ)アクリル系重合体を含む(メタ)アクリル系樹脂組成物であって、
(メタ)アクリル系樹脂組成物中のリン原子の含有量が、1.0ppm以上50ppm以下であり、
(メタ)アクリル系樹脂組成物中の下記式(I)で表される化合物の含有量が、95ppm以下であることを特徴とする(メタ)アクリル系樹脂組成物。
[式(I)中、R1は炭素数13以上の脂肪族炭化水素基、又は炭素数6以上の芳香族炭化水素基を表す。]
[2] (メタ)アクリル系樹脂組成物中の下記式(II)で表される化合物の含有量が、95ppm以下である[1]に記載の(メタ)アクリル系樹脂組成物。
[式(II)中、R2は炭素数3以上12以下の脂肪族炭化水素基を表す。]
[3] 環構造を有する(メタ)アクリル系重合体における環構造単位の含有割合が、5質量%以上70質量%以下である[1]又は[2]に記載の(メタ)アクリル系樹脂組成物。
[4] (メタ)アクリル系樹脂組成物中の環構造を有する(メタ)アクリル系重合体の含有量が、50質量%以上である[1]~[3]のいずれかに記載の(メタ)アクリル系樹脂組成物。
[5] ガラス転移温度が120℃以上である[1]~[4]のいずれかに記載の(メタ)アクリル系樹脂組成物。
[6] ヒンダードフェノール化合物を含まない[1]~[5]のいずれかにに記載の(メタ)アクリル系樹脂組成物。
[7] ヒンダードフェノール部位を有する有機リン化合物を含まない[1]~[6]のいずれかに記載の(メタ)アクリル系樹脂組成物。
[8] [1]~[7]のいずれかに記載の(メタ)アクリル系樹脂組成物を含む成形体。
[9] シート、フィルム又はレンズ状である[8]に記載の成形体。
[10] (メタ)アクリル系重合体において、下記(i)及び(ii)の環化反応のうち少なくとも片方の環化反応を行い、前記(メタ)アクリル系重合体の主鎖に環構造を形成する環化工程を含む(メタ)アクリル系樹脂組成物の製造方法であって、
(i)ヒドロキシ基と、エステル基又はカルボキシル基との間で、ラクトン環構造を形成する環化反応
(ii)カルボキシル基と、エステル基又は他のカルボキシル基との間で、無水グルタル酸構造を形成する環化反応
前記環化反応において、リン酸C3-12アルキルエステル、亜リン酸C3-12アルキルエステル、及び次亜リン酸C3-12アルキルエステルからなる群から選ばれる少なくとも1種を触媒として用いることを特徴とする(メタ)アクリル系樹脂組成物の製造方法。
[11] 前記環化反応で用いられる前記触媒が、リン酸C3-7アルキルエステル、亜リン酸C3-7アルキルエステル、及び次亜リン酸C3-7アルキルエステルからなる群から選ばれる少なくとも1種である[10]に記載の(メタ)アクリル系樹脂組成物の製造方法。
[12] 前記環化反応で用いられる前記触媒が、リン酸ブチル、亜リン酸ブチル、及び次亜リン酸ブチルからなる群から選ばれる少なくとも1種である[10]又は[11]に記載の(メタ)アクリル系樹脂組成物の製造方法。
[13] 前記触媒の使用量が、前記(メタ)アクリル系重合体を構成する単量体成分の全量に対して1000ppm以下である[10]~[12]のいずれかに記載の(メタ)アクリル系樹脂組成物の製造方法。
[14] 前記触媒の分解温度が160℃以上である[10]~[13]のいずれかに記載の(メタ)アクリル系樹脂組成物の製造方法。
[15] (メタ)アクリル系モノマーを重合して前記(メタ)アクリル系重合体を形成する重合工程をさらに含む[10]~[14]のいずれかに記載の(メタ)アクリル系樹脂組成物の製造方法。
[16] 前記(メタ)アクリル系重合体の全構成単位における前記(メタ)アクリル系モノマーに由来する構成単位の合計含有割合が、50質量%以上である[15]に記載の(メタ)アクリル系樹脂組成物の製造方法。
[17] 前記(メタ)アクリル系モノマーとしてα-(1-ヒドロキシアルキル)アクリル酸アルキルを有し、前記(メタ)アクリル系重合体の全構成単位における前記α-(1-ヒドロキシアルキル)アクリル酸アルキルに由来する構成単位の合計含有割合が、5質量%以上である[15]又は[16]に記載の(メタ)アクリル系樹脂組成物の製造方法。
[18] 前記重合工程、前記環化工程、及び前記環化工程の後の工程から選ばれる1つ以上の工程で添加剤が添加され、
前記添加剤は、ヒンダードフェノール化合物及びヒンダードフェノール部位を有する有機リン化合物を含まない、[15]~[17]のいずれかに記載の(メタ)アクリル系樹脂組成物の製造方法。
本発明の(メタ)アクリル系樹脂組成物は、主鎖にラクトン環構造及び無水グルタル酸構造の少なくとも一方である環構造を有する(メタ)アクリル系重合体を含み、組成物中のリン原子の含有量が、1.0ppm以上50ppm以下であり、且つ組成物中の下記式(I)で表される化合物の含有量が、95ppm以下であることを特徴とする。本発明の(メタ)アクリル系樹脂組成物は、前記構成要件を有することから、ロール汚染を低減でき、さらにはシルバーストリークの発生が抑制されるとともに安定性に優れている。
(メタ)アクリル系重合体は、(メタ)アクリル酸、(メタ)アクリル酸エステル、又はこれらの誘導体(以下、これらを総称して(メタ)アクリル系モノマーと称する場合がある)を単量体単位(つまり、構成単位)として有する重合体を意味する。なお、「(メタ)アクリル酸」はアクリル酸とメタクリル酸との両方を包含する用語とする。
式(1)における有機残基としては、例えば、置換基を有していてもよい炭素数1以上20以下の炭化水素基等が挙げられる。当該炭化水素基としては、飽和又は不飽和の直鎖状、分岐状又は環状の脂肪族炭化水素基や芳香族炭化水素基が挙げられる。脂肪族炭化水素基としては、例えば、メチル基、エチル基、n-プロピル基、イソプロピル基等の炭素数1以上20以下のアルキル基(好ましくは炭素数1以上10以下のアルキル基であり、より好ましくは炭素数1以上6以下のアルキル基);エテニル基、プロペニル基等の炭素数2以上20以下のアルケニル基(好ましくは炭素数2以上10以下のアルケニル基であり、より好ましくは炭素数2以上6以下のアルケニル基);シクロペンチル基、シクロヘキシル基等の炭素数3以上20以下のシクロアルキル基(好ましくは炭素数4以上12以下のシクロアルキル基であり、より好ましくは炭素数5以上8以下のシクロアルキル基);等が挙げられる。芳香族炭化水素基としては、例えば、フェニル基、トリル基、キシリル基、ナフチル基、ビフェニル基等の炭素数6以上20以下のアリール基(好ましくは炭素数6以上14以下のアリール基であり、より好ましくは炭素数6以上10以下のアリール基);ベンジル基、フェニルエチル基等の炭素数7以上20以下のアラルキル基(好ましくは炭素数7以上15以下のアラルキル基であり、より好ましくは炭素数7以上11以下のアラルキル基);等が挙げられる。これらの炭化水素基は酸素原子やハロゲン原子を含んでいてもよく、具体的には、炭化水素基の有する水素原子の1つ以上が、ヒドロキシ基、カルボキシル基、エーテル基、及びエステル基から選ばれる少なくとも1種の基により置換されていてもよい。
ラクトン環構造の含有割合(質量%)=Z1×Z2×MR/Mm
(式中、Z1は、ラクトン環化前の重合体における、ラクトン環化に関与する原料単量体(後述する(i)の環化反応の場合におけるヒドロキシ基含有(メタ)アクリル系モノマーA及び(メタ)アクリル系モノマーB)由来の構造単位の質量含有割合であり、MRは生成するラクトン環構造単位の式量(ラクトン環形成元素と、ラクトン環に結合する主鎖以外の基の合計式量の意味)であり、Mmはラクトン環化に関与する原料単量体(後述する(i)の環化反応の場合におけるヒドロキシ基含有(メタ)アクリル系モノマーA及び(メタ)アクリル系モノマーB)の分子量(合計)であり、Z2はラクトン環化率である)
式(2)における炭素数1以上8以下のアルキル基としては、直鎖状又は分岐状のアルキル基が好ましく挙げられ、例えば、メチル基、エチル基、n-プロピル基、イソプロピル基、n-ブチル基、イソブチル基、tert-ブチル基等が挙げられる。
本発明の(メタ)アクリル系樹脂組成物は、リン原子を含有する。当該リン原子は、(メタ)アクリル系重合体の環化反応に使用する触媒に由来することが好ましい。
本発明の(メタ)アクリル系樹脂組成物は、下記式(I)で表される化合物を含んでいてもよいが、なるべく含まないことが好ましい。具体的には、(メタ)アクリル系樹脂組成物における、式(I)で表される化合物の含有量は、95ppm以下であり、90ppm以下が好ましく、80ppm以下がより好ましく、60ppm以下がさらに好ましく、0ppm(すなわち、実施例に記載の方法にて検出されないこと)であることが最も好ましい。式(I)で表される化合物の含有量が前記範囲内であることにより、成形の際に(メタ)アクリル系樹脂組成物とロールとの密着性が向上し、ロール汚染の発生を抑制できる。なお、式(I)で表される化合物の特定及びその含有量は、後述する実施例に記載の方法にて求めることができる。また、ppmで表した場合の小数第一位を四捨五入して特定するものとする。
R1で表される炭素数13以上の脂肪族炭化水素基としては、例えば、トリデシル基、テトラデシル基、ペンタデシル基、ヘキサデシル基、ヘプタデシル基、オクタデシル基、ノナデシル基、イコシル基等の炭素数13以上のアルキル基;トリデセニル基、テトラデセニル基、ペンタデセニル基、ヘキサデセニル基、オクタデセニル基、オクタデカジエニル基等の炭素数13以上のアルケニル基;シクロトリデシル基、シクロテトラデシル基、シクロペンタデシル基、シクロヘキサデシル基、シクロヘプタデシル基、シクロオクタデシル基等の炭素数13以上のシクロアルキル基;等が挙げられる。
R1で表される炭素数6以上の芳香族炭化水素基としては、例えば、フェニル基、トリル基、キシリル基、ナフチル基、ビフェニル基等の炭素数6以上のアリール基;ベンジル基、フェニルエチル基等の炭素数7以上のアラルキル基;等が挙げられる。
本発明の(メタ)アクリル系樹脂組成物は、下記式(II)で表される化合物を含んでいてもよいが、なるべく含まないことが好ましい。具体的には、(メタ)アクリル系樹脂組成物における、式(II)で表される化合物の含有量は、95ppm以下であり、90ppm以下が好ましく、80ppm以下がより好ましく、60ppm以下がさらに好ましく、0ppm(すなわち、実施例に記載の方法にて検出されないこと)であることが最も好ましい。式(II)で表される化合物の含有量が前記範囲内であることにより、ロール汚染を一層低減でき、さらにはシルバーストリークの発生が一層抑制されるとともに安定性に優れた(メタ)アクリル系樹脂組成物を得ることができる。なお、式(II)で表される化合物の特定及びその含有量は、式(I)で表される化合物と同じ方法で求めることができる。また、ppmで表した場合の小数第一位を四捨五入して特定するものとする。
R2で表される炭素数3以上12以下の脂肪族炭化水素基としては、例えば、n-プロピル基、イソプロピル基、ブチル基、イソブチル基、sec-ブチル基、tert-ブチル基、ペンチル基、ヘキシル基、ヘプチル基、オクチル基等の炭素数3以上12以下のアルキル基;プロペニル基、ブテニル基、ペンテニル基、ヘキセニル基、ヘプテニル基、オクテニル基等の炭素数3以上12以下のアルケニル基;シクロプロピル基、シクロブチル基、シクロペンチル基、シクロヘキシル基、シクロヘプチル基、シクロオクチル基等の炭素数3以上12以下のシクロアルキル基;等が挙げられる。
R2としては、炭素数3以上10以下の脂肪族炭化水素基が好ましく、炭素数3以上8以下の脂肪族炭化水素基がより好ましく、炭素数3以上7以下の脂肪族炭化水素基がさらに好ましい。
本発明の(メタ)アクリル系樹脂組成物は、式(I)で表される化合物及び式(II)で表される化合物以外のアルコール(他のアルコールと称する)を含んでいてもよい。特に他のアルコールがメタノール、エタノール等の低分子量アルコールである場合、成形時の加熱により揮発して除去されるためロール汚染の原因とならない。しかし、他のアルコールの含有量は少ないほど好ましく、例えば、1000ppm以下、好ましくは500ppm以下、より好ましくは300ppm以下であり、0ppmであってもよい。
本発明の(メタ)アクリル系樹脂組成物は、上述した環構造を有する(メタ)アクリル系重合体やリン原子以外に、必要に応じて他の成分を含んでいてもよい。
本発明の(メタ)アクリル系樹脂組成物は、リン原子の含有量が、1.0ppm以上50ppm以下であり、前述の式(I)で表される化合物の含有量が95ppm以下であり、また好ましくは前述の式(II)で表される化合物の含有量が95ppm以下であることにより、ロール汚染を低減でき、さらにはシルバーストリークの発生が抑制されるとともに安定性に優れる。
本発明の(メタ)アクリル系樹脂組成物の製造方法は、(メタ)アクリル系重合体において環化反応を行い、前記(メタ)アクリル系重合体の主鎖にラクトン環構造及び無水グルタル酸構造の少なくとも一方の環構造を形成する環化工程を含み、前記環化反応の触媒として特定の環化触媒を用いることを特徴とする。
また本発明の(メタ)アクリル系樹脂組成物の製造方法は、前記(メタ)アクリル系重合体を(メタ)アクリル系モノマーを重合して形成する重合工程を含むことが好ましい。
(メタ)アクリル系モノマーは重合成分であり、(メタ)アクリル系モノマーとしては、上記で説明した(メタ)アクリル系モノマーと同様のモノマーが挙げられ、その好ましい態様も同様である。
(メタ)アクリル系モノマーを用いた重合反応時には、必要に応じて重合開始剤を使用してもよい。
(メタ)アクリル系重合体の重量平均分子量を調整するために、反応系内に連鎖移動剤を添加してもよい。反応系内に連鎖移動剤を添加することにより、(メタ)アクリル系重合体を低分子量化させることができる。連鎖移動剤としては、有機チオール化合物;四塩化炭素、四臭化炭素、塩化メチレン、ブロモホルム、ブロモトリクロロエタン等のハロゲン化合物;α-メチルスチレンダイマー、α-テルピネン、γ-テルピネン、ジペンテン、ターピノーレン等の不飽和炭化水素化合物等が挙げられる。これら連鎖移動剤は1種のみを用いてもよく、2種以上を併用してもよい。これらの中でも、転化率の低下を抑制できる点から、有機チオール化合物が好ましい。
前記単官能チオール化合物としては、例えば、チオフェノール、2-メルカプトベンゾチアゾール、2-メルカプトベンゾイミダゾール、2-メルカプトベンゾオキサゾール、3-メルカプト-1,2,4-トリアゾール、チオグリコール酸オクチル等の芳香族環を有する単官能チオール化合物;芳香族環を有さない脂肪族系の単官能チオール化合物が挙げられる。また前記脂肪族系の単官能チオール化合物としては、例えば、2-メルカプトプロピオン酸オクチル、3-メルカプトプロピオン酸オクチル、メルカプトプロピオン酸2-エチルヘキシルエステル、オクタン酸2-メルカプトエチルエステル等の脂肪族炭化水素基の炭素原子間にヘテロ原子を含有する単官能チオール化合物;ブタンチオール、オクタンチオール、1-ドデカンチオール(n-ドデシルメルカプタンともいう)、オクタデカンチオール、シクロヘキシルメルカプタン等の脂肪族炭化水素基の炭素原子間にヘテロ原子を含有しないアルキルチオール化合物が挙げられる。前記ヘテロ原子としては酸素原子、窒素原子等が挙げられる。
前記多官能チオール化合物としては、例えば、1,4-ジメチルメルカプトベンゼン、1,3,5-トリアジン-2,4,6-トリチオール等の芳香族環を有する多官能チオール化合物;1,8-ジメルカプト-3,6-ジオキサオクタン、エチレングリコールビスチオグリコレート、トリメチロールプロパントリスチオグリコレート、トリメチロールプロパントリスチオプロピオネート、トリメチロールプロパントリスチオブタネート、ペンタエリスリトールテトラキスチオグリコレート、ペンタエリスリトールテトラキスチオプロピオネート、ペンタエリスリトールテトラキス(4-メルカプトブタネート)、ペンタエリストールテトラキス(6-メルカプトヘキサネート)、ジペンタエリスリトールヘキサキス(3-メルカプトプロピオネート)等の芳香族環を有さない脂肪族系の多官能チオール化合物が挙げられる。
(メタ)アクリル系モノマーの重合形式としては、バッチ重合であっても、連続重合であってもよいが、連鎖移動剤を使用する場合には、未反応連鎖移動剤の残存量を低減できるためバッチ重合が好ましい。
また、(メタ)アクリル系モノマーの重合は、塊状重合、溶液重合、乳化重合、懸濁重合のいずれでもよいが、安全性が高く、異物混入の恐れが低い点で、溶液重合が好ましい。
また、必要に応じて用いる重合開始剤及び連鎖移動剤の添加方法も特に限定されない。その添加方法としては、それぞれ、全量を初期仕込みとしてもよく、一定量を初期仕込みとして残りを重合反応中に反応系内へ一括又は継続して添加してもよく、全量を添加によって反応系に導入してもよい。前記継続は連続であってもよく、分割添加等のような断続であってもよいが、連続又は間隔が10分以下の断続であることが好ましく、連続であることがより好ましい。なお、重合開始剤は、得られる(メタ)アクリル系重合体の分子量分布を狭くできるため、全量を重合反応中に反応系内へ継続して添加する、又は一定量を初期仕込みとして残りを重合反応中に反応系内へ継続して添加するのが好ましい。
本発明では、環化触媒としてリン酸C3-12アルキルエステル、亜リン酸C3-12アルキルエステル、及び次亜リン酸C3-12アルキルエステルからなる群から選ばれる少なくとも1種を用いることにより、環化反応を効率的に行い、且つ得られる(メタ)アクリル系樹脂組成物の密着性の低下を抑制できる。
前記重合反応終了後の(メタ)アクリル系重合体を、前記環化触媒存在下で加熱することにより、脱水縮合又は脱アルコール縮合を生じさせ、主鎖にラクトン環構造及び無水グルタル酸構造の少なくとも一方である環構造を有する(メタ)アクリル系重合体を形成する。
(i)ヒドロキシ基と、エステル基又はカルボキシル基との間で、ラクトン環構造を形成する環化反応
(ii)カルボキシル基と、エステル基又は他のカルボキシル基との間で、無水グルタル酸構造を形成する環化反応
(i)の環化反応におけるヒドロキシ基含有(メタ)アクリル系モノマーAとしては、前述の(メタ)アクリル酸エステルのヒドロキシ基導入誘導体が挙げられ、その好ましい態様も同様である。また(メタ)アクリル系モノマーBとしては、前述の(メタ)アクリル酸、(メタ)アクリル酸エステルが挙げられ、その好ましい態様も同様である。
(ii)の環化反応における(メタ)アクリル系モノマーBとしては、前述の(メタ)アクリル酸、(メタ)アクリル酸エステルが挙げられ、その好ましい態様も同様である。
前記重合反応を溶液重合で行った場合、溶液重合で使用した溶媒を一旦除去した後に新たに溶媒を添加してもよく、溶液重合で使用した溶媒を引き続き環化反応での溶媒として使用してもよいが、生産効率の点から溶液重合で使用した溶媒を引き続き環化反応での溶媒として使用することが好ましい。
本発明の環化触媒によれば、環化反応を効率的に行えるため、反応時間が3時間未満であっても、環化率が高く、(メタ)アクリル系重合体において前述の環構造単位の含有割合の範囲内となる環化を達成できる。
脱揮工程とは、溶媒、残存モノマー等の揮発分と、前記環化反応により副生したアルコールを除去する処理工程をいう。また環化触媒としてリン酸C3-12アルキルエステル、亜リン酸C3-12アルキルエステル、及び次亜リン酸C3-12アルキルエステルからなる群から選ばれる少なくとも1種を用いれば、脱揮工程において揮散して除去されやすい。さらに脱揮工程を加熱条件下で行うことにより、前記環化触媒が分解してアルコールが発生するが、当該アルコールも除去されることが好ましい。
また環化触媒として炭素数が13以上のリン酸アルキルエステル、亜リン酸アルキルエステル、又は次亜リン酸アルキルエステルを用いた場合には、これらの化合物が分解して発生する高級アルコール(炭素数13以上のアルコール)は揮発し難いため、(メタ)アクリル系樹脂組成物中に残存し、(メタ)アクリル系樹脂組成物の密着性を低下させる。
(メタ)アクリル樹脂組成物は、種々の形態に成形して、各種製品乃至部品として使用できる。成形体の形状は用途に応じて適宜設定すればよく、例えば、板状、粒状、粉状、塊状、粒子凝集体状、球状、楕円球状、レンズ状、立方体状、柱状、棒状、錐形状、筒状、針状、繊維状、中空糸状、多孔質状等が挙げられる。これら(メタ)アクリル樹脂組成物の成形体は、例えば、射出成形、押出成形、ブロー成形等の(メタ)アクリル樹脂粒子の熱溶融を経る工程、またはその一次成形体をさらに二次成形(真空成形、圧縮成形等)することによって製造可能である。前記(メタ)アクリル樹脂粒子の形状としては、例えば、粒子径が1μm~1000μmの粉体、長径が1mm~10mm程度の円柱状又は球状等のペレット、またはそれらの混合物であることが好ましい。
(1)重量平均分子量、数平均分子量、分子量分布
重合溶液中および重合後の(メタ)アクリル系樹脂の重量平均分子量(Mw)、数平均分子量(Mn)および分子量分布(Mw/Mn)は、ゲル浸透クロマトグラフィー(GPC)を用いて、ポリスチレン換算により求めた。測定に用いた装置及び測定条件は以下の通りである。
測定システム:東ソー製GPCシステムHLC-8220
測定側カラム構成:
・ガードカラム(東ソー製、TSK guardcolumn SuperHZ-L)
・分離カラム(東ソー製、TSK Gel Super HZM-M)、2本直列接続
リファレンス側カラム構成:
・リファレンスカラム(東ソー製、TSK gel SuperH-RC)
展開溶媒:クロロホルム(和光純薬工業製、特級)
展開溶媒の流量:0.6mL/分
標準試料:TSK標準ポリスチレン(東ソー製、PS-オリゴマーキット)
重合反応時の転化率(重合率)(質量%)は、得られた重合溶液中の未反応単量体濃度(質量%)をガスクロマトグラフィー(島津製作所社製、装置名:GC17A)を用いて測定し、式(A)より算出した。
転化率(重合率)=100×(1-M1/M0) …(A)
式中、M1は重合溶液中の未反応単量体濃度(質量%)を示し、M0は仕込み原料溶液中の単量体濃度(質量%)を示す。
(メタ)アクリル系樹脂組成物のガラス転移温度(Tg)は、JIS K7121の規定に準拠して、始点法により求めた。具体的には、示差走査熱量計(株式会社リガク製、Thermo plus EVO DSC-8230)を用い、窒素ガスフロー(100ml/分)下、約10mgの試料を常温から200℃まで昇温(昇温速度20℃/分)して得られたDSC曲線から評価した。リファレンスには、α-アルミナを用いた。
(メタ)アクリル系樹脂組成物2部をクロロホルム20部に溶解し、得られた溶液をメタノール200部に滴下して沈殿物を含む溶液を得た。沈殿物を含む溶液をろ過し、沈殿物を抽出し、80℃の真空乾燥機で4時間乾燥することによってサンプルを得た。得られたサンプルを以下の方法(ダイナミックTG法)にて分析し、式(B)よりラクトン環化率(%)を算出した。
測定装置:差動型示差熱天秤(株式会社リガク製、ThermoPlus2 TG-8120、ダイナミックTG)
測定条件:試料量10mg
昇温速度:10℃/分
雰囲気:窒素フロー400mL/分
方法:階段状等温制御法(60℃から400℃までの範囲内における質量減少速度値0.005%/秒以下に制御)にて昇温
ラクトン環化率=1-(X/Y) …(B)
式(B)中、Xは質量減少の始まる前の150℃から重合体の分解が始まる300℃までの脱アルコール反応における質量減少率(質量%)を示し、Yは当該重合体組成から全ての水酸基が脱アルコール(ラクトン環化)すると仮定した場合の理論質量減少率(すなわち、当該重合体組成において起こりうる脱アルコール反応が100%起きたと仮定して算出した重量減少率;質量%)を示す。例えば、実施例、及び比較例で得られる重合体の場合、ラクトン環化反応によって発生するメタノールの分子量は32であり、2-(ヒドロキシメチル)アクリル酸メチルの分子量は116、ラクトン環化前重合体の組成比は12質量%であるから、理論質量減少率Yは、(32/116)×12=3.31質量%となる。
(メタ)アクリル系樹脂組成物0.2部を2-ブタノン99.8部に溶解したサンプル溶液に対して、ICP発光分光分析装置(サーモフィッシャーサイエンティフィック製、iCAP6500 Duo)を用いて(メタ)アクリル系樹脂組成物中のリン原子含有量(ppm)を測定した。
サンプル準備:(メタ)アクリル系樹脂組成物2部をクロロホルム20部に溶解し、得られた溶液をメタノール200部に滴下して沈殿物を含む溶液を得た。沈殿物を含む溶液をろ過し、メタノール可溶成分を抽出し、乾燥することによって得たサンプルを、アセトンに溶解してサンプル溶液を得た。
測定:得られたサンプル溶液をGC-MSを用いて測定し、メタノール以外の検出されるアルコール成分を特定した。さらに、サンプル溶液をガスクロマトグラフィー(島津製作所社製、装置名:GC17A)を用いて測定し、(メタ)アクリル系樹脂組成物中のメタノール以外のアルコール成分含有量(ppm)を定量した。
(メタ)アクリル系樹脂組成物をアルミ薄板(日本テストパネル製、膜厚0.1mm)で挟み、さらにアルミ薄板の上からSUS板で挟み、手動式加熱プレス機(株式会社井元製作所製、IMC-180C型)を用いて、250℃で5分間溶融プレス成形した。その後SUS板で挟んだままプレス機から取り出して1分間冷却した後、アルミ薄板を剥がす際に、アルミ薄板に樹脂組成物が全面的に付着した場合には密着性を「良」、樹脂組成物が一部付着した場合には密着性を「普」、樹脂組成物が付着することなく剥がせた場合には密着性を「不良」と判定した。
(メタ)アクリル系樹脂組成物について、オープン製膜を行うことによりロール汚染の評価をした。
具体的には、以下の手順で製膜した。
直径65mm、L/D=32のバリアフライト型スクリューを有するベント付単軸押出機を用いて溶融製膜を行った。押出機のシリンダとギアポンプの温度を275℃、ポリマーフィルターおよびTダイの温度を270℃に設定した。(メタ)アクリル系樹脂組成物からなるペレットは、ホッパーに加温した除湿空気を送風することにより65℃に加温した。また、ホッパー下部に窒素導入管を設けて、押出機内に窒素ガスを導入した。ベント口から25Torrにて吸引を行いながら、ペレットを単軸スクリューにて溶融させ、ギアポンプを用いて、ろ過精度5μmのリーフディスク型のポリマーフィルターに通した。次いで、幅600mmのTダイより溶融樹脂を押出し、115℃に温調された硬質クロムメッキの冷却ロール上にキャスティングすることで、膜厚145μmの原反フィルムを取得した。
上記溶融製膜後、キャスティングした冷却ロール表面を目視にて観察し、白濁が確認されない場合には「良」、フィルムの幅方向において端部にのみ白濁が確認された場合には「普」、フィルムの幅方向において中央部にも白濁が確認された場合には「不良」と判定した。
100℃の真空乾燥機にて4時間乾燥した(メタ)アクリル系樹脂組成物を、JIS-K7210に規定のシリンダー内に充填し、成形加工を想定した温度である280℃で20分間保持した後、ストランド状に押し出して、得られたストランドの上部標線と下部標線との間にシルバーストリークが存在するか否かを、目視により確認した。シルバーストリークの発生が確認された場合を「×」、確認されなかった場合を「○」とした。
攪拌装置、温度センサー、冷却コンデンサ、及び窒素導入管を備えた反応釜に、メタクリル酸メチル(MMA)83.5部、2-(ヒドロキシメチル)アクリル酸メチル(MHMA;α-(ヒドロキシメチル)アクリル酸メチルともいう)12部、及びトルエン88.7部を仕込み、これに窒素を通じつつ、105℃まで昇温させた。昇温に伴う還流が始まったところで、重合開始剤としてt-アミルパーオキシイソノナノエート20重量%トルエン溶液(アルケマ吉富株式会社製、ルペロックス(登録商標)570T20)0.535部を添加した。続けて、スチレン(St)4.5部、及びn-ドデシルメルカプタン(nDM)0.15部からなる溶液を2時間かけて滴下した。また、t-アミルパーオキシイソノナノエート20重量%トルエン溶液1.065部を4時間かけて滴下した。これらSt、nDM、t-アミルパーオキシイソナノエートを滴下している間、混合液を約105~110℃で還流し、溶液重合を進行させた。滴下終了後、同温度でさらに2時間の熟成を行った。重合が終了した時点(重合開始から6時間経過した時点)における分子量(Mw)及び転化率を、重合溶液の一部を抜き取って評価したところ、それぞれ15.7万、91.3質量%であった。
重合溶液を導入する際には、イオン交換水を1.5部/時の投入速度で第2、第3ベントの上流から、イオン交換水を3部/時の投入速度で第4ベントの上流から投入した。
脱揮終了後、リーフディスク型のポリマーフィルター(濾過精度:10μm)を通過させた後、押出ダイが有するダイス(細孔)から溶融状態の(メタ)アクリル系樹脂組成物を押し出し、カット、水冷固化後に遠心乾燥機による脱水、搬送後、貯蔵サイロで冷却することにより(メタ)アクリル系樹脂組成物(A-1)を得た。得られた(メタ)アクリル系樹脂組成物(A-1)の配合組成を表1に、各物性を表2に示す。
環化縮合反応の触媒(環化触媒)として、リン酸ブチル(SC有機化学株式会社製、Phoslex A-4)0.0468部を加えた以外は実施例1と同様にして、(メタ)アクリル系樹脂組成物(A-2)を得た。得られた(メタ)アクリル系樹脂組成物(A-2)の配合組成を表1に、各物性を表2に示す。
環化縮合反応の触媒(環化触媒)として、リン酸ブチル(SC有機化学株式会社製、Phoslex A-4)0.0624部を加えた以外は実施例1と同様にして、(メタ)アクリル系樹脂組成物(A-3)を得た。得られた(メタ)アクリル系樹脂組成物(A-3)の配合組成を表1に、各物性を表2に示す。
実施例2と同様にして環化縮合反応を完結後、ベントタイプスクリュー二軸押出機(L/D=52.5)を用いて脱揮処理を行った。その際、紫外線吸収剤(株式会社ADEKA製、アデカスタブ(登録商標)LA-F70)35質量%のトルエン溶液を1.92部/時の投入速度で第3ベントの上流から投入した以外は、実施例2と同様に実施し、(メタ)アクリル系樹脂組成物(A-4)を得た。得られた(メタ)アクリル系樹脂組成物(A-4)の配合組成を表1に、各物性を表2に示す。
環化縮合反応の触媒(環化触媒)として、リン酸オクチル(SC有機化学株式会社製、Phoslex A-8N)0.0475部を加えた以外は実施例1と同様にして、(メタ)アクリル系樹脂組成物(A-5)を得た。得られた(メタ)アクリル系樹脂(A-5)組成物の配合組成を表1に、各物性を表2に示す。
攪拌装置、温度センサー、冷却コンデンサ、及び窒素導入管を備えた反応釜に、MMA83.5部、MHMA12部、nDM0.07部、及びトルエン88.7部を仕込み、これに窒素を通じつつ、105℃まで昇温させた。昇温に伴う還流が始まったところで、重合開始剤としてt-アミルパーオキシイソノナノエート20重量%トルエン溶液(アルケマ吉富株式会社製、ルペロックス(登録商標)570T20)0.451部を添加した。続けて、St4.5部、及びt-アミルパーオキシイソノナノエート20重量%トルエン溶液0.899部からなる溶液を2時間かけて滴下した。これらSt、及びt-アミルパーオキシイソナノエートを滴下している間、混合液を約105~110℃で還流し、溶液重合を進行させた。滴下終了後、同温度でさらに4時間の熟成を行った。重合が終了した時点(重合開始から6時間経過した時点)における分子量(Mw)及び転化率を、重合溶液の一部を抜き取って評価したところ、それぞれ15.3万、94.5質量%であった。
脱揮終了後、リーフディスク型のポリマーフィルター(濾過精度:5μm)を通過させた後、押出ダイが有するダイス(細孔)から溶融状態の(メタ)アクリル系樹脂組成物を押し出し、カット、水冷固化後に遠心乾燥機による脱水、搬送後、貯蔵サイロで冷却することにより(メタ)アクリル系樹脂組成物(A-6)を得た。得られた(メタ)アクリル系樹脂(A-6)組成物の配合組成を表1に、各物性を表2に示す。
環化縮合反応の触媒(環化触媒)として、リン酸メチル(SC有機化学株式会社製、Phoslex A-1)0.1部を加えた以外は実施例1と同様にして、(メタ)アクリル系樹脂組成物(A-7)を得た。得られた(メタ)アクリル系樹脂(A-7)組成物の配合組成を表1に、各物性を表2に示す。
Claims (18)
- 環構造を有する(メタ)アクリル系重合体における環構造単位の含有割合が、5質量%以上70質量%以下である請求項1に記載の(メタ)アクリル系樹脂組成物。
- (メタ)アクリル系樹脂組成物中の環構造を有する(メタ)アクリル系重合体の含有量が、50質量%以上である請求項1に記載の(メタ)アクリル系樹脂組成物。
- ガラス転移温度が120℃以上である請求項1に記載の(メタ)アクリル系樹脂組成物。
- ヒンダードフェノール化合物を含まない請求項1に記載の(メタ)アクリル系樹脂組成物。
- ヒンダードフェノール部位を有する有機リン化合物を含まない請求項1に記載の(メタ)アクリル系樹脂組成物。
- 請求項1~7のいずれかに記載の(メタ)アクリル系樹脂組成物を含む成形体。
- シート、フィルム又はレンズ状である請求項8に記載の成形体。
- (メタ)アクリル系重合体において、下記(i)及び(ii)の環化反応のうち少なくとも片方の環化反応を行い、前記(メタ)アクリル系重合体の主鎖に環構造を形成する環化工程を含む(メタ)アクリル系樹脂組成物の製造方法であって、
(i)ヒドロキシ基と、エステル基又はカルボキシル基との間で、ラクトン環構造を形成する環化反応
(ii)カルボキシル基と、エステル基又は他のカルボキシル基との間で、無水グルタル酸構造を形成する環化反応
前記環化反応において、リン酸C3-12アルキルエステル、亜リン酸C3-12アルキルエステル、及び次亜リン酸C3-12アルキルエステルからなる群から選ばれる少なくとも1種を触媒として用いることを特徴とする(メタ)アクリル系樹脂組成物の製造方法。 - 前記環化反応で用いられる前記触媒が、リン酸C3-7アルキルエステル、亜リン酸C3-7アルキルエステル、及び次亜リン酸C3-7アルキルエステルからなる群から選ばれる少なくとも1種である請求項10に記載の(メタ)アクリル系樹脂組成物の製造方法。
- 前記環化反応で用いられる前記触媒が、リン酸ブチル、亜リン酸ブチル、及び次亜リン酸ブチルからなる群から選ばれる少なくとも1種である請求項10に記載の(メタ)アクリル系樹脂組成物の製造方法。
- 前記触媒の使用量が、前記(メタ)アクリル系重合体を構成する単量体成分の全量に対して1000ppm以下である請求項10に記載の(メタ)アクリル系樹脂組成物の製造方法。
- 前記触媒の分解温度が160℃以上である請求項10に記載の(メタ)アクリル系樹脂組成物の製造方法。
- (メタ)アクリル系モノマーを重合して前記(メタ)アクリル系重合体を形成する重合工程をさらに含む請求項10~14のいずれかに記載の(メタ)アクリル系樹脂組成物の製造方法。
- 前記(メタ)アクリル系重合体の全構成単位における前記(メタ)アクリル系モノマーに由来する構成単位の合計含有割合が、50質量%以上である請求項15に記載の(メタ)アクリル系樹脂組成物の製造方法。
- 前記(メタ)アクリル系モノマーとしてα-(1-ヒドロキシアルキル)アクリル酸アルキルを有し、前記(メタ)アクリル系重合体の全構成単位における前記α-(1-ヒドロキシアルキル)アクリル酸アルキルに由来する構成単位の合計含有割合が、5質量%以上である請求項15に記載の(メタ)アクリル系樹脂組成物の製造方法。
- 前記重合工程、前記環化工程、及び前記環化工程の後の工程から選ばれる1つ以上の工程で添加剤が添加され、
前記添加剤は、ヒンダードフェノール化合物及びヒンダードフェノール部位を有する有機リン化合物を含まない、請求項15に記載の(メタ)アクリル系樹脂組成物の製造方法。
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| JP2001151814A (ja) * | 1999-11-26 | 2001-06-05 | Nippon Shokubai Co Ltd | 透明性耐熱樹脂の製造方法およびその用途 |
| JP2002303975A (ja) * | 2000-12-05 | 2002-10-18 | Nippon Shokubai Co Ltd | 感光性樹脂組成物およびその用途 |
| WO2007123253A1 (ja) * | 2006-04-26 | 2007-11-01 | Nippon Shokubai Co., Ltd. | 水酸基含有アルケンの製造方法及び水酸基含有アルケン |
| JP2008163187A (ja) * | 2006-12-28 | 2008-07-17 | Toray Ind Inc | 熱可塑性重合体およびその製造方法 |
| JP2014069437A (ja) * | 2012-09-28 | 2014-04-21 | Nippon Shokubai Co Ltd | 延伸フィルムとその製造方法 |
| JP2017082240A (ja) * | 2017-01-12 | 2017-05-18 | 富士フイルム株式会社 | アクリルフィルムおよびその製造方法 |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| JP2001151814A (ja) * | 1999-11-26 | 2001-06-05 | Nippon Shokubai Co Ltd | 透明性耐熱樹脂の製造方法およびその用途 |
| JP2002303975A (ja) * | 2000-12-05 | 2002-10-18 | Nippon Shokubai Co Ltd | 感光性樹脂組成物およびその用途 |
| WO2007123253A1 (ja) * | 2006-04-26 | 2007-11-01 | Nippon Shokubai Co., Ltd. | 水酸基含有アルケンの製造方法及び水酸基含有アルケン |
| JP2008163187A (ja) * | 2006-12-28 | 2008-07-17 | Toray Ind Inc | 熱可塑性重合体およびその製造方法 |
| JP2014069437A (ja) * | 2012-09-28 | 2014-04-21 | Nippon Shokubai Co Ltd | 延伸フィルムとその製造方法 |
| JP2017082240A (ja) * | 2017-01-12 | 2017-05-18 | 富士フイルム株式会社 | アクリルフィルムおよびその製造方法 |
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| KR102992351B1 (ko) | 2026-07-15 |
| KR20240090541A (ko) | 2024-06-21 |
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