WO2023136244A1 - フッ素樹脂の精製方法、精製されたフッ素樹脂の製造方法、フッ素樹脂、光学材料、電子材料及びプラスチック光ファイバ - Google Patents
フッ素樹脂の精製方法、精製されたフッ素樹脂の製造方法、フッ素樹脂、光学材料、電子材料及びプラスチック光ファイバ Download PDFInfo
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F24/00—Homopolymers and copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a heterocyclic ring containing oxygen
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F8/00—Chemical modification by after-treatment
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/02—Optical fibres with cladding with or without a coating
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method for purifying a fluororesin, a method for producing a purified fluororesin, and a fluororesin.
- the present invention also relates to an optical material, an electronic material, and a plastic optical fiber containing the fluororesin.
- a fluororesin containing a fluorine-containing alicyclic structure in its molecular chain is generally amorphous and excellent in transparency, and is excellent in various properties such as liquid repellency, durability, and electrical properties. It is used in a variety of applications, including electronic applications.
- One example of an optical application is plastic optical fiber.
- Non-Patent Document 1 discloses poly(perfluoro-2-methylene-4-methyl-1,3-dioxolane) as a fluororesin containing a fluorine-containing alicyclic structure in its molecular chain.
- An object of the present invention is to provide a technology capable of producing a fluororesin containing a fluorine-containing alicyclic structure in its molecular chain and suitable for use in plastic optical fibers.
- the present invention contacting a fluororesin containing a fluorine-containing alicyclic structure in its molecular chain with a fluorinating agent to reduce the content of a fluorine compound having a molecular weight of 300 or less contained in the fluororesin;
- a method for purifying a fluororesin, I will provide a.
- the present invention provides A method for producing a purified fluororesin,
- the fluororesin contains a fluorine-containing alicyclic structure in its molecular chain
- the production method includes purifying the fluororesin by the method for purifying the fluororesin of the present invention.
- Production method, I will provide a.
- the present invention provides Having a structural unit containing a fluorine-containing alicyclic structure,
- the content of fluorine compounds with a molecular weight of 300 or less is 1 ppm (mass basis) or less, fluorine resin, I will provide a.
- the present invention provides an optical material containing the fluororesin of the present invention; I will provide a.
- the present invention provides an electronic material containing the fluororesin of the present invention; I will provide a.
- the present invention provides comprising a layer containing the fluororesin of the present invention, plastic optical fiber, I will provide a.
- FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing an example of a plastic optical fiber containing a fluororesin obtained through the method for purifying a fluororesin of the present invention.
- the method for purifying a fluororesin according to the first aspect of the present invention comprises: Contacting a fluororesin containing a fluorine-containing alicyclic structure in its molecular chain with a fluorinating agent to reduce the content of fluorine compounds having a molecular weight of 300 or less contained in the fluororesin.
- the fluorine compound is at least one compound selected from compounds represented by the following formula (1A) and compounds represented by the formula (1B) is.
- R 1 and R 2 each independently represent a fluorine atom or a C 1-4 perfluoroalkyl group.
- the fluorine compound is hexafluoroacetone.
- the fluororesin is brought into contact with the fluorinating agent in the form of particles.
- the fluororesin is used, with the glass transition temperature of the fluororesin being Tg 1 (Tg 1 -20) It is contacted with the fluorinating agent at a temperature of °C or higher.
- the fluorinating agent is fluorine gas.
- the fluorine-containing alicyclic structure has a dioxolane skeleton.
- the fluororesin has a structural unit (A) represented by the following formula (2) .
- Rf 1 to Rf 4 each independently represent a fluorine atom, a perfluoroalkyl group having 1 to 7 carbon atoms, or a perfluoroalkyl ether group having 1 to 7 carbon atoms.
- Rf 1 and Rf 2 , and Rf 3 and Rf 4 may combine to form a ring.
- the structural unit (A) is 4,5-difluoro-2,2-bis(trifluoromethyl)-1,3-dioxole It is the unit from which it is derived.
- the fluororesin further has a tetrafluoroethylene unit.
- the content of the fluorine compound in the fluorine resin is reduced to 1 ppm (based on mass ) below.
- a manufacturing method comprises: A method for producing a purified fluororesin, The fluororesin contains a fluorine-containing alicyclic structure in its molecular chain, The manufacturing method includes purifying the fluororesin by the fluororesin purification method according to any one of the first to eleventh aspects.
- the fluororesin having a fluorine compound content of 1 ppm (by mass) or less is obtained by purifying the fluororesin.
- the fluororesin according to the fourteenth aspect of the present invention is Having a structural unit containing a fluorine-containing alicyclic structure,
- the content of fluorine compounds having a molecular weight of 300 or less is 1 ppm (mass standard) or less.
- the fluororesin according to the fourteenth aspect has a structural unit (A) represented by the following formula (2).
- Rf 1 to Rf 4 each independently represent a fluorine atom, a perfluoroalkyl group having 1 to 7 carbon atoms, or a perfluoroalkyl ether group having 1 to 7 carbon atoms.
- Rf 1 and Rf 2 , and Rf 3 and Rf 4 may combine to form a ring.
- the structural unit (A) is 4,5-difluoro-2,2-bis(trifluoromethyl)-1,3-dioxole It is the unit from which it is derived.
- the fluororesin further has a tetrafluoroethylene unit.
- optical material according to the eighteenth aspect of the present invention is The fluororesin according to any one of the 14th to 17th aspects is included.
- the electronic material according to the nineteenth aspect of the present invention is The fluororesin according to any one of the 14th to 17th aspects is included.
- the plastic optical fiber according to the twentieth aspect of the present invention comprises A layer containing a fluororesin according to any one of the fourteenth to seventeenth aspects is provided.
- the purification method of the present embodiment includes contacting a fluororesin containing a fluorine-containing alicyclic structure in its molecular chain with a fluorinating agent to reduce the content of fluorine compounds having a molecular weight of 300 or less contained in the fluororesin. .
- a fluororesin containing a fluorine-containing alicyclic structure in the molecular chain is used for a plastic optical fiber, coloring may be observed.
- fluororesins containing a fluorine-containing alicyclic structure in the molecular chain contain low-molecular-weight fluorine compounds such as hexafluoroacetone (HFA) as impurities, and plastic light It was found that during molding at a relatively low temperature (for example, about 200° C., which is close to the glass transition temperature of the resin), low-molecular-weight fluorine compounds tend to aggregate, which can cause coloration.
- the purification method of the present embodiment is suitable for reducing the content of the low-molecular-weight fluorine compound.
- the molecular weight of the fluorine compound may be 270 or less, 250 or less, 220 or less, or even 200 or less.
- the lower limit of the molecular weight is, for example, 50 or more.
- the fluorine compound may be an organic compound.
- the fluorine compound is, for example, at least one selected from compounds represented by the following formula (1A) and compounds represented by the formula (1B).
- the fluorine compound may be a compound represented by formula (1A).
- the compound represented by formula (1B) is a hydrate of the compound represented by formula (1A).
- R 1 and R 2 each independently represent a fluorine atom or a C 1-4 perfluoroalkyl group.
- the number of carbon atoms in the perfluoroalkyl group may be 1 to 3, 1 or 2, or 1.
- a perfluoroalkyl group may be linear, branched, or cyclic.
- the compounds of formulas (1A) and (1B) are HFAs or analogous structures of HFAs.
- the fluorine compound may be at least one selected from HFA and HFA hydrates, and may be HFA.
- HFA is a compound represented by the following formula (3A).
- a hydrate of HFA is a compound represented by the following formula (3B).
- the fluororesin may be brought into contact with the fluorinating agent in the form of particles. Contact in the form of particles can contribute to diffusion of the fluorinating agent into the fluororesin.
- the size of the particles expressed by the median diameter (d50), is, for example, 20 mm or less, 15 mm or less, 10 mm or less, 5 mm or less, 1 mm or less, 800 ⁇ m or less, 500 ⁇ m or less, 300 ⁇ m or less, or even 100 ⁇ m or less. good.
- the lower limit of the particle size, expressed by d50 is for example 10 ⁇ m or more, and may be 20 ⁇ m or more, or even 30 ⁇ m or more.
- the d50 of the particles may be between 10 ⁇ m and 20 mm.
- the d50 of particles can be evaluated, for example, by particle size distribution measurement using a laser diffraction method, an automatic image processing method (particle image imaging method), or the like.
- the fluororesin may be brought into contact with the fluorinating agent at a temperature of (Tg 1 -20)° C. or higher, where Tg 1 is the glass transition temperature of the fluororesin.
- Contact with the fluorinating agent may be carried out at (Tg 1 -15)° C. or higher, or even (Tg 1 -10)° C. or higher.
- the contact with the fluorinating agent is (Tg 1 +40)° C. or less, (Tg 1 +35)° C. or less, (Tg 1 +30)° C. or less, (Tg 1 +25)° C. or less, (Tg 1 +20)° C.
- Tg 1 the midpoint glass transition temperature (T mg ) determined in accordance with Japanese Industrial Standards (former Japanese Industrial Standards; JIS) K7121:1987.
- the Tg 1 of the fluororesin is, for example, 100° C. to 220° C., and may be 125° C. or higher, 140° C. or higher, or even 150° C. or higher.
- the fluorinating agent is typically gaseous. Contact with the gaseous fluorinating agent can contribute to diffusion of the fluorinating agent into the fluororesin. Further, contact with a gaseous fluorinating agent is also suitable for purification of, for example, a fluororesin that is difficult to dissolve in a solvent.
- a gas that is a fluorinating agent is fluorine gas ( F2 ).
- F2 fluorine gas
- the gaseous fluorinating agent may be brought into contact with the fluororesin alone, or may be brought into contact as a mixed gas with other gases. Examples of other gases are inert gases such as nitrogen, argon and the like.
- the ratio of fluorine gas contained in the mixed gas is, for example, 5 to 95% by volume, and may be 10 to 90% by volume, 15 to 85% by volume, and further 20 to 80% by volume.
- the ratio may be 70% by volume or less, 60% by volume or less, 50% by volume or less, 40% by volume or less, or even 30% by volume or less.
- the time for contacting the fluororesin with the fluorinating agent is, for example, 5 hours or more, 10 hours or more, 20 hours or more, 30 hours or more, 40 hours or more, 50 hours or more, or even 60 hours or more. There may be.
- the upper limit of purification time is, for example, 120 hours or less.
- the pressure of the atmosphere (refining pressure) for contacting the fluororesin and the fluorinating agent is expressed in terms of absolute pressure (pressure is the same below), for example, 10 kPa to 3 MPa.
- the upper limit of the purification pressure may be 1 MPa or less, 500 kPa or less, 200 kPa or less, or 100 kPa or less (atmospheric pressure or less).
- the purification pressure may be the pressure of the mixed gas.
- the contact between the fluororesin and the fluorinating agent can be carried out, for example, by introducing the fluorinating agent into a chamber containing the fluororesin.
- the method and mode of contact are not limited to the above examples.
- the introduction of the fluorinating agent may be carried out multiple times depending on, for example, the volume of the chamber and/or the amount of fluororesin.
- the fluororesin contains a fluorinated alicyclic structure.
- the fluorinated alicyclic structure may be contained in the main chain of the fluororesin or may be contained in the side chain.
- the fluororesin may have a structural unit containing a fluorine-containing alicyclic structure.
- fluorine-containing alicyclic structure has a dioxolane skeleton.
- the fluorine-containing alicyclic structure is not limited to the above examples.
- fluororesin containing a fluorine-containing alicyclic structure having a dioxolane skeleton is described below.
- the fluororesin is not limited to the examples shown below.
- the polymer (P) has, for example, a structural unit (A) represented by the following formula (2).
- Rf 1 to Rf 4 each independently represent a fluorine atom, a perfluoroalkyl group having 1 to 7 carbon atoms, or a perfluoroalkyl ether group having 1 to 7 carbon atoms.
- Rf 1 and Rf 2 , and Rf 3 and Rf 4 may combine to form a ring.
- "Perfluoro" means that all hydrogen atoms bonded to carbon atoms are replaced with fluorine atoms.
- the perfluoroalkyl group of formula (2) may be linear, branched, or cyclic.
- the number of carbon atoms in the linear perfluoroalkyl group may be 1-5, 1-3, or even 1.
- Examples of linear perfluoroalkyl groups are trifluoromethyl, pentafluoroethyl, heptafluoropropyl, nonafluorobutyl, undecafluoropentyl, tridecafluorohexyl, and pentadecafluoroheptyl groups.
- the branched perfluoroalkyl group may have 3 to 7 carbon atoms.
- Examples of branched perfluoroalkyl groups are heptafluoroisopropyl, nonafluoroisobutyl, nonafluorosec-butyl, and nonafluorotert-butyl groups.
- the cyclic perfluoroalkyl group may have 3 to 7 carbon atoms.
- Examples of cyclic perfluoroalkyl groups are heptafluorocyclopropyl, nonafluorocyclobutyl and tridecafluorocyclohexyl groups.
- the perfluoroalkyl ether group of formula (2) may be linear, branched, or cyclic.
- the number of carbon atoms in the straight-chain perfluoroalkyl ether group may be 1-5, further 1-3.
- Examples of linear perfluoroalkyl ether groups are -OCF3 , -CF2OCF3 , - ( CF2 ) 2OCF3 , and -( CF2 ) 2OCF2CF3 groups.
- the branched perfluoroalkyl ether group may have 3 to 7 carbon atoms.
- the cyclic perfluoroalkyl ether group may have 3 to 7 carbon atoms.
- cyclic perfluoroalkyl ether groups are 2-(2,3,3,4,4,5,5,6,6-decafluoro)-pyrinyl groups, 4-(2,3,3,4,4 , 5,5,6,6-decafluoro)-pyrinyl and 2-(2,3,3,4,4,5,5-heptafluoro)-furanyl.
- At least one selected from Rf 1 to Rf 4 may be a C 1-7 perfluoroalkyl group or a C 1-7 perfluoroalkyl ether group.
- the ring has 4 to 8 carbon atoms, for example.
- the ring may be a 5-membered ring or a 6-membered ring.
- the structural unit (A) of formula (4) is a unit derived from 4,5-difluoro-2,2-bis(trifluoromethyl)-1,3-dioxole.
- the structural unit of formula (5) is a unit derived from 2,2,4-trifluoro-5-trifluoromethoxy-1,3-dioxole.
- the structural unit (A) may be a structural unit of formula (4), that is, a unit derived from 4,5-difluoro-2,2-bis(trifluoromethyl)-1,3-dioxole.
- the polymer (P) may have one or more of the structural units (A).
- the content of the structural unit (A) in the polymer (P) is, for example, 20 mol% or more, 40 mol% or more, 50 mol% or more, 60 mol% or more, or even 80 mol% of the total of all structural units. It may be mol% or more.
- the polymer (P) tends to have higher heat resistance.
- the structural unit (A) is contained in an amount of 40 mol % or more, the polymer (P) tends to have high heat resistance as well as higher transparency and higher mechanical strength.
- the content of the structural unit (A) may be 95 mol% or less, or 90 mol% or less, relative to the total of all structural units.
- the structural unit (A) is derived from, for example, a compound represented by formula (6) below.
- Rf 1 to Rf 4 are the same as in formula (2).
- the polymer (P) may further have structural units other than the structural unit (A).
- An example of another structural unit is a structural unit (B) represented by the following formula (7).
- R 5 to R 8 each independently represent a fluorine atom or a perfluoroalkyl group having 1 to 7 carbon atoms.
- a perfluoroalkyl group may be linear, branched, or cyclic.
- a portion of fluorine atoms may be substituted with halogen atoms other than fluorine atoms.
- Some of the fluorine atoms in the perfluoroalkyl group may be substituted with halogen atoms other than fluorine atoms.
- the polymer (P) may have one or more of the structural units (B).
- the content of the structural unit (B) in the polymer (P) is, for example, 5 to 80 mol%, may be 10 to 60 mol%, 50 mol% or less, 40 mol%, based on the total of all structural units. It may be mol % or less, or even 20 mol % or less.
- the structural unit (B) is derived from, for example, a compound represented by formula (8) below.
- R 5 to R 8 are the same as in formula (7).
- Compounds represented by formula (8) are fluorine-containing olefins such as tetrafluoroethylene and chlorotrifluoroethylene.
- the structural unit (B) may be a tetrafluoroethylene unit, in other words, the polymer (P) having the structural unit (A) may further have a tetrafluoroethylene unit.
- polymer (P) More specific examples of the polymer (P) are 4,5-difluoro-2,2-bis(trifluoromethyl)-1,3-dioxole/tetrafluoroethylene copolymer, and 2,2,4- It is a trifluoro-5-trifluoromethoxy-1,3-dioxole/tetrafluoroethylene copolymer.
- the above copolymers are also commercially available as Teflon AF (trade name) and Hyflon AD (trade name), respectively.
- the polymer (P) may further contain structural units other than the structural units (A) and (B). Examples of other structural units are hexafluoropropane units.
- the polymer (P) may be substantially free of structural units other than the structural units (A) and (B). It should be noted that the polymer (P) does not substantially contain other structural units other than the structural units (A) and (B) means that the total of all structural units in the polymer (P), the structural unit (A ) and (B) is 95 mol % or more, preferably 98 mol % or more.
- the fluororesin preferably does not substantially contain hydrogen atoms.
- the fact that the fluororesin does not substantially contain hydrogen atoms means that the content of hydrogen atoms in the fluororesin is 1 mol % or less.
- a fluororesin can typically be formed by radical polymerization.
- Known polymerization methods such as solution polymerization and bulk polymerization can be applied to the polymerization of the fluororesin.
- Additives such as polymerization initiators and chain transfer agents may be used in the polymerization of the fluororesin.
- polymerization initiators are benzoyl peroxide, lauryl peroxide, octanoyl peroxide, acetyl peroxide, di-tert-butyl peroxide, tert-butyl cumyl peroxide, dicumyl peroxide, tert-butyl peroxyacetate. , perfluoro(di-tert-butyl peroxide), bis(2,3,4,5,6-pentafluorobenzoyl) peroxide, tert-butyl peroxybenzoate, and tert-butyl perpivalate.
- the additive may be a perfluorinated compound.
- the weight average molecular weight (Mw) of the fluororesin is, for example, 10,000 to 1,000,000. Mw can be evaluated by gel permeation chromatography (GPC).
- the content (residual amount) of the fluorine compound in the fluororesin may be 1 ppm or less, 0.8 ppm or less, 0.5 ppm or less, 0.3 ppm or less, It may be 0.2 ppm or less, or even 0.1 ppm or less. In this specification, all ppm are by weight.
- the ACGIH American Conference of Professionals on Occupational Health stipulates that the permissible concentration for short-term exposure to the human body for HFA and HFA-like structures is 0.4 ppm or less.
- the purification method of the present embodiment is also suitable for reducing the content of HFA and HFA-like structures in the fluororesin to the permissible concentration or less.
- HFA and HFA-like structures are likely to form hydrates, refining with heated steam may be considered, but according to the investigations of the present inventors, it is difficult to achieve a sufficient reduction by this method.
- the content of the fluorine compound in the fluororesin may be 1/10 or less, 1/25 or less, 1/50 or less, or 1/75 or less before purification. Further, it may be 1/100 or less.
- the content of the fluorine compound in the fluororesin after purification varies depending on, for example, the shape and particle size of the fluororesin, the median diameter, the type and concentration of the fluorinating agent, and the purification conditions (temperature, pressure, time, etc.). I can.
- the purification method of this embodiment may include additional steps.
- An example of a further step is a drying step in which the fluororesin, especially the particles, are dried before purification. Drying of the fluororesin can be carried out by, for example, vacuum drying, reduced pressure drying, normal pressure drying, air drying, shaking drying, warm air drying, heat drying, and the like.
- Another example of a further step is vacuum devolatilization and/or heating of the purified fluororesin to remove any remaining fluorinating agent.
- the heating step annealing step
- the fluororesin in contact with the fluorinating agent is held at a predetermined temperature in an inert gas atmosphere such as nitrogen.
- Implementation of the annealing step is also suitable for reducing fluorine-based gases ( F2 gas, HF gas, etc.) contained in the fluororesin.
- the temperature of the annealing step may be selected from the range exemplified above as the temperature at which the fluororesin and the fluorinating agent are brought into contact.
- the annealing process time is, for example, 1 to 20 hours.
- the annealing step can be performed, for example, by introducing an inert gas into the chamber after discharging the fluorinating agent from the chamber containing the fluororesin.
- the method and mode of the annealing step are not limited to the above examples.
- a purified fluororesin containing a fluorine-containing alicyclic structure in its molecular chain can be produced.
- the method for producing a fluororesin of the present embodiment is a method for producing a purified fluororesin, the fluororesin includes a fluorine-containing alicyclic structure in its molecular chain, and the production method is the same as that of the present embodiment. including purifying the fluororesin by the purification method of.
- a fluororesin having a fluorine compound content of 1 ppm or less may be obtained by the above purification of the fluororesin.
- the fluororesin of this embodiment has a structural unit containing a fluorine-containing alicyclic structure. Further, in the fluororesin of the present embodiment, the content of the fluorine compound having a molecular weight of 300 or less is 1 ppm or less. The content may be 0.8 ppm or less, 0.5 ppm or less, 0.3 ppm or less, 0.2 ppm or less, or even 0.1 ppm or less. Examples of the fluorine compound, the fluorine-containing alicyclic structure, and the fluorine resin are as described above in the description of the purification method of the present embodiment.
- the fluororesin of this embodiment may have a structural unit (A) represented by the following formula (2).
- Rf 1 to Rf 4 each independently represent a fluorine atom, a perfluoroalkyl group having 1 to 7 carbon atoms, or a perfluoroalkyl ether group having 1 to 7 carbon atoms.
- Rf 1 and Rf 2 , and Rf 3 and Rf 4 may combine to form a ring.
- the structural unit (A) may be a unit derived from 4,5-difluoro-2,2-bis(trifluoromethyl)-1,3-dioxole.
- the fluororesin of this embodiment having the structural unit (A) may further have a tetrafluoroethylene unit.
- the fluororesin of this embodiment can have the same configuration as the fluororesin after purification described above in the description of the purification method of this embodiment.
- the fluororesin of the present embodiment can be produced, for example, through the purification method of the present embodiment or by the production method of the present embodiment.
- the method for producing the fluororesin of the present embodiment is not limited to the above examples.
- the fluororesin of this embodiment can be used, for example, in optical materials and electronic materials.
- An example of an optical member is a plastic optical fiber (POF).
- POF plastic optical fiber
- the POF may comprise a layer containing the fluororesin of this embodiment.
- the use of the fluororesin of this embodiment is not limited to the above example.
- FIG. 1 An example of POF containing the fluororesin of this embodiment is shown in FIG.
- the POF 1 in FIG. 1 is composed of multiple layers including a core 2 and a clad (first clad) 3 .
- Core 2 is a layer located in the center of POF 1 and transmitting light.
- the first clad 3 is a layer arranged outside the core 2 with respect to the central axis of the POF 1 and covering the core 2 .
- the core 2 has a relatively high refractive index and the first cladding 3 has a relatively low refractive index.
- POF 1 further includes a second clad (double clad) 4 covering the outer circumference of the first clad 3 and a coating layer (over clad) 5 covering the outer circumference of the second clad 4 .
- POF 1 may be of the gradient index (GI) type.
- the fluororesin of this embodiment can be included in at least one layer that constitutes the POF1.
- the fluororesin of this embodiment can preferably be contained in at least one selected from the core 2, the first clad 3 and the second clad 4, more preferably the second clad 4.
- the core 2, the first clad 3, the second clad 4 and the coating layer 5 may contain resins that corresponding layers in known POFs may contain. Examples of resins that the core 2, the first clad 3 and the second clad 4 may contain are fluorine-containing resins, acrylic resins such as methyl methacrylate, styrene resins, and carbonate resins.
- resins that the coating layer 5 may contain are polycarbonate, various engineering plastics, cycloolefin polymers, polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), modified PTFE, and perfluoroalkoxyalkane (PFA).
- PTFE polytetrafluoroethylene
- PFA perfluoroalkoxyalkane
- Each layer may contain an additive such as a refractive index modifier.
- POF1 can be produced, for example, by a melt spinning method.
- a raw material resin is melt-extruded to form each layer constituting the optical fiber.
- Tg 1 Glass transition temperature Tg 1
- the Tg 1 of the fluororesin was measured under the following conditions by the method described above. Measuring device: TA Instruments Q-2000 Temperature program: Temperature rise from 30°C to 200°C (heating rate 10°C/min) Atmosphere gas: nitrogen (flow rate 50 mL/min) Measurement speed: 10°C/min Sample amount: 5 mg
- GC-MS for the fluororesin was performed under the following conditions.
- Thermal desorption device Gerstel TDS/CIS
- GC/MS device 6980plus/5973N manufactured by Agilent Technologies
- GC column Agilent Technologies HP-5ms UI, 30 m ⁇ 0.25 mm, id ⁇ 0.25 ⁇ m
- Sample amount 10 mg (contained in a glass tube)
- Sample heating conditions Temperature was raised from 20° C. to 300° C. (at a rate of 60° C./min) and held for 30 minutes. Others: The gas generated by heating the sample was cold-trapped and analyzed.
- Heating test A heating test of the fluororesin assuming molding was carried out as follows. 10 g of the fluororesin to be evaluated was placed in a PFA tube with an inner diameter of 10 mm, one side of which was sealed with a PTFE stopper. Next, the fluororesin in the tube was heated at 270° C. for 20 hours to melt, and then allowed to cool to room temperature to form a rod. After standing to cool, the removed rod was observed with an optical microscope (20x magnification) to confirm the presence or absence of coloring. Observation was performed on 10 arbitrary points.
- Example 1 1 kg of particles of 4,5-difluoro-2,2-bis(trifluoromethyl)-1,3-dioxole/tetrafluoroethylene copolymer (manufactured by Mitsui Chemours Fluoro Products, Teflon AF 1600X) were added to PFA. It was spread evenly on a tray (inner dimensions: 287 mm long, 382 mm wide, 48 mm deep) and housed in a chamber. The median diameter (d50) of the particles was 800 ⁇ m. Moreover, Tg 1 of the copolymer was 163°C. Next, after replacing the inside of the chamber with nitrogen gas several times to create a nitrogen gas atmosphere, the temperature was raised to 180°C.
- a mixed gas of fluorine gas/nitrogen gas (20:80 in volume ratio) was introduced into the chamber as a fluorinating agent (flow rate: 10.50 L/min), and the pressure inside the chamber was increased to 90 kPa. bottom.
- the inside of the chamber was replaced with nitrogen to stop the exposure of the fluorinating agent to the copolymer, and the inside of the chamber was cooled to room temperature to complete the purification. .
- the HFA content in the copolymer before purification was 15 ppm.
- the content after purification was 0.1 ppm or less (below the detection limit).
- Example 2 Purification of the copolymer was completed in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the fluorinating agent was changed to fluorine gas alone.
- the HFA content after purification was 0.1 ppm or less (below the detection limit), and no HFA-related structures were detected. No coloration was observed in the rods formed from the copolymer after purification.
- Example 3 Purification of the copolymer was completed in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the exposure temperature to the fluorinating agent was changed to 170°C. The HFA content after purification was 0.1 ppm or less (below the detection limit), and no HFA-related structures were detected. No coloration was observed in the rods formed from the copolymer after purification.
- Comparative example 1 In Comparative Example 1, purification was performed by exposure to heated steam rather than a fluorinating agent.
- Example 1 1 kg of the copolymer particles used in Example 1 was spread evenly on a SUS tray (inner dimensions: length 287 mm, width 382 mm, depth 48 mm) and housed in the chamber. Next, heated steam (265° C.) was introduced into the chamber, and after holding at 100 kPa (normal pressure) for 40 minutes, the chamber was opened and cooled to room temperature to complete purification. The HFA content after purification was 4.1 ppm, and HFA-related structures were also detected. Further, coloration was confirmed in the rods formed from the copolymer after purification.
- Comparative example 2 Purification of the copolymer was completed in the same manner as in Comparative Example 1, except that the temperature of the heated steam to be introduced was changed to 220°C. The HFA content after purification was 1.5 ppm, and HFA-related structures were also detected. Further, coloration was confirmed in the rods formed from the copolymer after purification.
- the fluororesin obtained through the purification method of the present invention can be used for optical materials and electronic materials, for example.
- An example of an optical material is POF.
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Abstract
Description
含フッ素脂肪族環構造を分子鎖に含むフッ素樹脂をフッ素化剤と接触させて、前記フッ素樹脂に含まれる、分子量300以下のフッ素化合物の含有量を低減すること、を含む、
フッ素樹脂の精製方法、
を提供する。
精製されたフッ素樹脂の製造方法であって、
前記フッ素樹脂は、含フッ素脂肪族環構造を分子鎖に含み、
前記製造方法は、上記本発明のフッ素樹脂の精製方法により前記フッ素樹脂を精製すること、を含む、
製造方法、
を提供する。
含フッ素脂肪族環構造を含む構成単位を有し、
分子量300以下のフッ素化合物の含有量が1ppm(質量基準)以下である、
フッ素樹脂、
を提供する。
上記本発明のフッ素樹脂を含む光学材料、
を提供する。
上記本発明のフッ素樹脂を含む電子材料、
を提供する。
上記本発明のフッ素樹脂を含む層を備える、
プラスチック光ファイバ、
を提供する。
含フッ素脂肪族環構造を分子鎖に含むフッ素樹脂をフッ素化剤と接触させて、前記フッ素樹脂に含まれる、分子量300以下のフッ素化合物の含有量を低減すること、を含む。
精製されたフッ素樹脂の製造方法であって、
前記フッ素樹脂は、含フッ素脂肪族環構造を分子鎖に含み、
前記製造方法は、第1から第11態様のいずれか1つの態様にかかるフッ素樹脂の精製方法により前記フッ素樹脂を精製すること、を含む。
含フッ素脂肪族環構造を含む構成単位を有し、
分子量300以下のフッ素化合物の含有量が1ppm(質量基準)以下である。
第14から第17態様のいずれか1つの態様にかかるフッ素樹脂を含む。
第14から第17態様のいずれか1つの態様にかかるフッ素樹脂を含む。
第14から第17態様のいずれか1つの態様にかかるフッ素樹脂を含む層を備える。
本実施形態の精製方法は、含フッ素脂肪族環構造を分子鎖に含むフッ素樹脂をフッ素化剤と接触させて、フッ素樹脂に含まれる、分子量300以下のフッ素化合物の含有量を低減すること含む。含フッ素脂肪族環構造を分子鎖に含むフッ素樹脂をプラスチック光ファイバに使用した場合、着色が見られることがある。本発明者らの検討によれば、含フッ素脂肪族環構造を分子鎖に含むフッ素樹脂には、ヘキサフルオロアセトン(HFA)等の低分子フッ素化合物が不純物として含まれていること、及びプラスチック光ファイバを形成する比較的低温(例えば、樹脂のガラス転移温度に近い200℃程度)での成形加工時には、低分子フッ素化合物が凝集する傾向を示すことで着色の要因となりうることが判明した。本実施形態の精製方法は、上記低分子フッ素化合物の含有量の低減に適している。
フッ素樹脂は、含フッ素脂肪族環構造を含む。含フッ素脂肪族環構造は、フッ素樹脂の主鎖に含まれていてもよく、側鎖に含まれていてもよい。フッ素樹脂は、含フッ素脂肪族環構造を含む構成単位を有していてもよい。
本実施形態の精製方法により、例えば、精製された、含フッ素脂肪族環構造を分子鎖に含むフッ素樹脂を製造できる。この側面から、本実施形態のフッ素樹脂の製造方法は、精製されたフッ素樹脂の製造方法であって、フッ素樹脂は含フッ素脂肪族環構造を分子鎖に含み、上記製造方法は、本実施形態の精製方法によりフッ素樹脂を精製することを含む。
本実施形態のフッ素樹脂は、含フッ素脂肪族環構造を含む構成単位を有する。また、本実施形態のフッ素樹脂において、分子量300以下のフッ素化合物の含有量は1ppm以下である。含有量は、0.8ppm以下、0.5ppm以下、0.3ppm以下、0.2ppm以下、更には0.1ppm以下であってもよい。フッ素化合物、含フッ素脂肪族環構造及びフッ素樹脂の例については、本実施形態の精製方法の説明において上述したとおりである。
本実施形態のフッ素樹脂を含むPOFの一例を図1に示す。図1のPOF1は、コア2及びクラッド(第1のクラッド)3を含む複数の層から構成される。コア2は、POF1の中心に位置して光を伝送する層である。第1のクラッド3は、POF1の中心軸に対してコア2の外方に配置されてコア2を覆う層である。コア2は、相対的に高い屈折率を有し、第1のクラッド3は、相対的に低い屈折率を有する。図1のPOF1は、第1のクラッド3の外周を覆う第2のクラッド(ダブルクラッド)4、及び第2のクラッド4の外周を覆う被覆層(オーバークラッド)5を更に備えている。POF1は、屈折率分布(GI)型であってもよい。
フッ素樹脂のTg1は、上述の方法により、以下の条件にて測定した。
測定装置:TA Instruments製Q-2000
温度プログラム:30℃から200℃に昇温(昇温速度10℃/分)
雰囲気ガス:窒素(流量50mL/分)
測定速度:10℃/分
サンプル量:5mg
フッ素樹脂のHFA含有量は、当該樹脂に対して以下のGC-MSを実施して得たマススペクトルから求めた。HFAに由来するピークのイオン質量は、m/z=166であった。
フッ素樹脂に対するGC-MSは、以下の条件で実施した。
加熱脱着装置:Gerstel製TDS/CIS
GC/MS装置:Agilent Technologies製6980plus/5973N
GCカラム:Agilent Technologies製HP-5ms UI、30m×0.25mm、id×0.25μm
サンプル量:10mg(ガラス管に収容)
サンプル加熱条件:20℃から300℃に昇温(速度60℃/分)して30分保持
その他:サンプルの加熱により発生したガスをコールドトラップして分析した。
成形加工を想定したフッ素樹脂の加熱試験は、以下のように実施した。PTFE製の栓により片側が封止された内径10mmのPFAチューブに、評価対象のフッ素樹脂10gを収容した。次に、チューブ内のフッ素樹脂を270℃で20時間加熱して溶融させた後、室温まで放冷してロッドを形成した。放冷後、取り出したロッドを光学顕微鏡(倍率20倍)で観察して、着色の有無を確認した。観察は、任意の10箇所に対して行った。
4,5-ジフルオロ-2,2-ビス(トリフルオロメチル)-1,3-ジオキソール/テトラフルオロエチレン共重合体(三井・ケマーズフロロプロダクツ製、テフロンAF 1600X)の粒子1kgを、PFA製のトレイ(内寸:縦287mm、横382mm、深さ48mm)に深さが均等になるように広げ、チャンバー内に収容した。粒子のメディアン径(d50)は、800μmであった。また、共重合体のTg1は、163℃であった。次に、チャンバー内を窒素ガスで数回置換して窒素ガス雰囲気とした後、180℃に昇温した。180℃に達した時点で、フッ素ガス/窒素ガスの混合ガス(体積比で20:80)をフッ素化剤としてチャンバー内に流し込みながら(流量10.50L/分)、チャンバー内の圧力を90kPaとした。180℃及び90kPaの処理条件を約65時間保持した後、チャンバー内を窒素で置換してフッ素化剤の共重合体への曝露を停止すると共に、チャンバー内を室温まで冷却して精製を完了した。
フッ素化剤をフッ素ガスの単独ガスに変更した以外は、実施例1と同様にして、共重合体の精製を完了した。精製後のHFAの含有量は0.1ppm以下(検出限界以下)であり、HFA類縁構造体も検出されなかった。また、精製後の共重合体により形成したロッドには、着色は確認されなかった。
フッ素化剤への曝露温度を170℃に変更した以外は、実施例1と同様にして、共重合体の精製を完了した。精製後のHFAの含有量は0.1ppm以下(検出限界以下)であり、HFA類縁構造体も検出されなかった。また、精製後の共重合体により形成したロッドには、着色は確認されなかった。
比較例1では、フッ素化剤ではなく、加熱蒸気への曝露による精製を実施した。
導入する加熱水蒸気の温度を220℃に変更した以外は、比較例1と同様にして、共重合体の精製を完了した。精製後のHFAの含有量は1.5ppmであり、HFA類縁構造体も検出された。また、精製後の共重合体により形成したロッドには、着色が確認された。
Claims (20)
- 含フッ素脂肪族環構造を分子鎖に含むフッ素樹脂をフッ素化剤と接触させて、前記フッ素樹脂に含まれる、分子量300以下のフッ素化合物の含有量を低減すること、を含む、
フッ素樹脂の精製方法。 - 前記フッ素化合物がヘキサフルオロアセトンである、請求項1に記載のフッ素樹脂の精製方法。
- 前記フッ素樹脂を粒子の状態で前記フッ素化剤と接触させる、請求項1に記載のフッ素樹脂の精製方法。
- 前記フッ素樹脂を、前記フッ素樹脂のガラス転移温度をTg1として(Tg1-20)℃以上の温度にて前記フッ素化剤と接触させる、請求項1に記載のフッ素樹脂の精製方法。
- 前記フッ素化剤がフッ素ガスである、請求項1に記載のフッ素樹脂の精製方法。
- 前記含フッ素脂肪族環構造がジオキソラン骨格を有する、請求項1に記載のフッ素樹脂の精製方法。
- 前記構成単位(A)が、4,5-ジフルオロ-2,2-ビス(トリフルオロメチル)-1,3-ジオキソールに由来する単位である、請求項8に記載のフッ素樹脂の精製方法。
- 前記フッ素樹脂がテトラフルオロエチレン単位を更に有する、請求項8に記載のフッ素樹脂の精製方法。
- 前記フッ素化合物の低減により、前記フッ素樹脂における前記フッ素化合物の含有量を1ppm(質量基準)以下とする、請求項1に記載のフッ素樹脂の精製方法。
- 精製されたフッ素樹脂の製造方法であって、
前記フッ素樹脂は、含フッ素脂肪族環構造を分子鎖に含み、
前記製造方法は、請求項1~11のいずれかに記載のフッ素樹脂の精製方法により前記フッ素樹脂を精製すること、を含む、
製造方法。 - 前記フッ素樹脂の精製により、前記フッ素化合物の含有量が1ppm(質量基準)以下である前記フッ素樹脂を得る、請求項12に記載の製造方法。
- 含フッ素脂肪族環構造を含む構成単位を有し、
分子量300以下のフッ素化合物の含有量が1ppm(質量基準)以下である、
フッ素樹脂。 - 前記構成単位(A)が、4,5-ジフルオロ-2,2-ビス(トリフルオロメチル)-1,3-ジオキソールに由来する単位である、請求項15に記載のフッ素樹脂。
- 前記フッ素樹脂がテトラフルオロエチレン単位を更に有する、請求項15に記載のフッ素樹脂。
- 請求項14~17のいずれかに記載のフッ素樹脂を含む光学材料。
- 請求項14~17のいずれかに記載のフッ素樹脂を含む電子材料。
- 請求項14~17のいずれかに記載のフッ素樹脂を含む層を備える、
プラスチック光ファイバ。
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Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH03500547A (ja) * | 1988-05-31 | 1991-02-07 | イー・アイ・デユポン・ドウ・ヌムール・アンド・カンパニー | フルオロポリマーの安定化方法 |
| JPH11152310A (ja) * | 1997-11-20 | 1999-06-08 | Asahi Glass Co Ltd | 含フッ素脂肪族環構造含有重合体の製造方法 |
| WO2010113864A1 (ja) * | 2009-03-31 | 2010-10-07 | ダイキン工業株式会社 | 安定化フルオロポリマーの製造方法 |
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Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH03500547A (ja) * | 1988-05-31 | 1991-02-07 | イー・アイ・デユポン・ドウ・ヌムール・アンド・カンパニー | フルオロポリマーの安定化方法 |
| JPH11152310A (ja) * | 1997-11-20 | 1999-06-08 | Asahi Glass Co Ltd | 含フッ素脂肪族環構造含有重合体の製造方法 |
| WO2010113864A1 (ja) * | 2009-03-31 | 2010-10-07 | ダイキン工業株式会社 | 安定化フルオロポリマーの製造方法 |
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