WO2023129024A1 - Gearless reduction elevator motor hidden in the pulley - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a single-stage reducer system used in passenger elevators.

Description

GEARLESS REDUCTION ELEVATOR MOTOR HIDDEN IN THE PULLEY

Technical field

The invention relates to a single-stage reducer system used in passenger elevators.

Prior Art

There are 2 types of motor systems in the elevators produced for the purpose of transporting people.

• Gear reduction motor systems are widely used systems. In gear reduction motors, reduction is created with worm gear and worm screw.

All engine systems in the state of the art are used for human transport in multi-storey buildings. In these multi-storey buildings, the elevator motor and installation are moved to the elevator room located on the top floor of the building while they are still in the construction period. Elevator motors have an average weight of 300 kg or more. For this reason, in case of a malfunction during the installation process, this weight makes it difficult to carry the elevator in case it is needed to be moved from the building for repair and maintenance.

Due to its volume and weight, the rooms in which the existing elevator motor systems are located must be determined to be wide. In buildings where space to be used is limited, the installation and repair of these motor systems becomes difficult.

The biggest disadvantage of gear reduction motor systems is that the use of gear increases the energy consumption during use.

As it is known, gear systems increase energy consumption because of frictional adhesions due to their mechanical working principle. In addition, another disadvantage of gear systems is that they are noisy because of the friction and clinging during operation.

Gearless motors working with magnet (magnetic) force is another elevator motor system in the state of the art. There is no reduction in these systems. The technical problem experienced in worm gear motors is related to the high energy consumption during use. The efficiency rate is low and the desired performance is related to the size of the motor used and does not allow power savings.

For this reason, there is a need for an improvement to provide higher performance with a lower KW.

Another technical problem experienced in worm gear motors is related to the fact that the load is loaded by a single tooth, no matter how many teeth are in the gear in worm gear systems. This can be solved by choosing the gear module with the largest possible diameter to provide the reduction that will meet the need.

The enlargement of the gear diameter creates a disadvantage in terms of area and weight. As the diameter of the gear to be used increases, the use of raw materials in production increases. The worm gear used in a manufactured elevator motor system increases the total cost.

When the worm gear elevator motor produced under these conditions reaches the ability to meet the desired performance, preferring it becomes questionable in terms of its weight, width of the area it covers and its cost. This leads to a quest for a system that will allow savings in terms of space, weight and cost.

Magnet motor systems work without reduction. The principle of non-reduction is characterized by the high electricity consumption of magnet motor systems while operating. Therefore, it cannot meet the expectation of economic use.

Many parts of the magnetic motor systems, especially the magnet, are characterized by the fact that it is not easy to supply, originating abroad, and the supply of demand is difficult to meet. This makes magnet motor systems a system that requires economic power as it has the disadvantages of high production cost, high cost of use, power and cost of spare parts supply. The force required for braking is high.

There is a pulley system to compensate for the torque deficiency. With the pulley system, labour and production costs and installation labour increase. In the pulley system, 3 pulleys bring additional costs to the system with the use of ropes 2 times longer than normal.

There is a need for an electrical transformer for the system to work efficiently. This increases the unit cost of the producer.

When both systems are considered separately, there is a need for an engine system that has been improved in terms of cost and workmanship, enables more economical use of the area, is lighter, in which parts that can be produced with less raw material are used, that reduces the cost of the manufacturer, allows a more efficient elevator system installation with less labour, and has a more economical and efficient use according to the needs of the user when the cost-benefit ratio is made.

2011/12174, is a registered patent belonging to the applicant, with two-stage reducer system for elevator motors. Said patent is also related to an eccentric reducer system . The purpose of the invention is to relax the engine at the first movement and even to do the same work with a smaller engine. However, it has been determined that it does not provide the convenience of working with a small engine to reach the desired speed after the elevator takes off. It is known that during the first start-up, the time when the load is high is short, so it does not show the desired performance in relaxing the engine.

In the two-stage reducer system, the friction number is high since both the planetary and eccentric parts are composed of gears. This is to create a sound working environment. Excessive friction causes the engine to consume extra power since it has to be exceeded in the resistance arising from friction in its operation.

Problems brought by a two-stage reducer system; - It causes power losses due to additional contractions, frictions, etc., which adversely affects efficiency. It causes the engine to lose power, not gain.

- It causes the engine to occupy more space in terms of volume.

- Additional elements increase the cost unnecessarily.

Another disadvantage of the two-stage reducer system is that the gears are covered with a polyurethane coating material to prevent the noise coming from the gears and create a silent working system. Although this coating prevents the sound during the first working process, it creates a louder sound over time. Technical problems caused by the gear system coated with polyurethane;

- Although it works silently for a week or two, since this coating has low resistance to loads, the coating is removed in a short time, causing both more noise and an increase in gaps. It starts working as if it needs urgent repair.

- It both increases the material cost and reduces the machine life a lot.

Brief Description of the Invention

The aim of the invention is to provide a larger load to be carried with a smaller engine.

The aim of the invention is to produce a savings-oriented elevator motor system with a minimum electricity consumption, less energy and more work principle.

The purpose of the invention is to develop a solution to eliminate the noise environment created by the sound generated in gear-operated elevator systems. The working principle of the invention is to create an elevator system with silent operation, since the gearless and cornerless channels work by leaning on the pins. Since the eccentric shaft and eccentric discs are positioned within the rope pulley, the area covered by the eccentric structure is as much as the rope pulley.

The aim of the invention is to provide large torque transmission with a small body, without using gears and by resting the cornerless channels in the reduction discs on the fixed pins instead of the gears.

The aim of the invention is to contact many points at the same time, instead of a single point, unlike gear systems. Thus, load distribution is ensured. In gear systems, the contact of the load on a single point causes malfunctions due to breakage of the gears in the system. In the eccentric system, the load is contacted at many points. Increasing the load contact point means an increase in the compensation point of the force, thus distributing the force and thus providing ease of operation. Thus, the load per unit area is greatly reduced. The aim of the invention is to establish an elevator motor system that provides ease of transportation and assembly by providing a smaller and lighter structure.

Since the use of the pulley system can be optionally left to the preference of the manufacturer and the user, it enables the production of practical and economical products.

A product that is easy to manufacture is created with easy-to-supply parts.

By using the rope pulley as the body for the eccentric shaft and discs, the area can be saved at least as much as a rope pulley body. At the same time, this corresponds to 50% savings on the total volume.

The aim of the invention is to solve the problem of weight during the transportation of the motor system for the first installation and post-repair maintenance operations and to establish a lighter and portable elevator motor system. In the state of the art, it is a serious challenge for an elevator motor to be moved up the stairs for installation, with the combined force of 4-5 workers. The aim of the invention is ensure that the rope pulley serves as a body for the eccentric group, the gear system is lifted, and that it works directly with the eccentric shaft and discs instead of using two-stage eccentrics, thus saving 30% from the total weight of the elevator motor system.

The aim of the invention is about reducing the production costs together with the saving in weight and volume by changing the working principle.

Description of Drawings

1. Exploded view of the invention

2. Section view of the assembly of the invention

3. The view of the eccentric profile

4. General view of the invention

Explanation of the Referral Number in the Figures

1. Motor shaft

2. Eccentric shaft

3. Eccentric reduction discs

4. Rope pulley

5. Pins (Fixed pin(s))

6. Input bearing

7. Body

8. Motor

9. Engine braking coil

10. Brake pad

11. Bea ring

12. Oil seal

13. Flange

14. Output bearing

Detailed Description of the Invention

The eccentric shaft (2), crankshaft, etc. mentioned in the invention is a part that also includes other names that provide the same function with the same benefits and conditions. A different name represents the same part, provided that it meets the following conditions. Pins (fixed pins) (5) are pins fixed on the rope pulley (4) and are arranged as 1 more than the cavities in the eccentric reduction discs (3). Therefore, regardless of the number, the number of pins (5) being one more than the cavities in the eccentric reduction discs (3) is a system capability. Definition difference will not provide distinctiveness if the same purpose is achieved with the same system.

The invention consists of motor shaft (1), eccentric shaft (2), eccentric reducer discs (3), rotatable rope pulley (4), pin (fixed pin(s)) (5), pulley bearing (6), body (7), motor (8), motor braking coil (9), and brake pad (10).

The assembly of the invention starts with fixing the electric motor (8) to the body (7). The motor shaft (1), the braking coil (9) and the brake pad (10) are wedged together. The eccentric shaft (2), braking coil (9) and brake pad (10) transmitting the motion into the rope pulley (4) are wedged together on the output side. In addition, during assembly, there are 2 bearings (11) before and after the eccentric shaft (2), and 1 before the input bearing (6). An oil seal (12) is used on the input bearing (6) and the output bearing (14). There is one flange (13).

Working principle: By starting the engine (8), while the engine shaft (1) rotates, the braking coil (9) and brake pad (10) are opened and the movement is transferred to the eccentric shaft (2). The eccentric reduction discs (3) push the pins (fixed pins) (5), like a bicycle pedal, by means of the shafts located on the eccentric shaft (2). Since said pins (fixed pins) (5) are positioned as fixed to the rope pulley (4), the pushed pins (fixed pins) (5) enable the rope pulley (4) to rotate.

The eccentric reduction discs (3) have arc-shaped cavities without corners. Pins (Fixed pins) (5) are pushed by means of cavities.

When the motor shaft (1) makes as many turns as the number of fixed pins (5), the rope pulley (4) is spun as much as the difference between the number of fixed pins (5) and the number of cavities on the eccentric reduction discs (4), and power is gained by creating a reduction. Since all eccentric reduction discs (3) are leaned on fixed pins (5), they can withstand large torques.

It is characterized by shafts with different axes on the eccentric shaft (2). The eccentric shaft (2) is the part of the mechanism that provides the eccentric movement of the eccentric reduction discs (3).

The eccentric reduction discs (3) are the movement transmission parts by pushing the fixed pins (5) with this eccentric movement, which have eccentric movement capability thanks to the eccentric shaft (2), and which are in a number one more than the number of cavities around them.

The feature of the rope pulley (4) can include the eccentric shaft (2) and the eccentric reduction discs (3). It has fixed pins (5) in the number of one more from the cavities on the eccentric reduction discs (3). As the motor shaft (1) rotates, the rope pulley (4) rotates. Since the motor shaft (1) spins as many as the number of fixed pins (5), the rope pulley (4) makes one full tour and reduction is achieved. Since the gear ratio = number of cavities / (number of pins - number of cavities) in eccentric reducers and the difference between the number of pins and the number of cavities is 1, the speed decreases as much as the number of cavities and the torque increases at the same rate.

The fixed pins (5) and the recesses are arranged without corners. The invention eliminates the noise environment created by the sound generated in gear-operated elevator systems. The working principle of the invention is realized in the way that the gearless and cornerless cavities (channels) work by leaning on the fixed pins (5). Thus, an elevator system with a quiet operation was created.

In the eccentric system, the load is contacted at many points. Increasing the load contact point means an increase in the compensation point of the force, thus distributing the force and providing ease of operation. Thus, the load per unit area is reduced. The aim of the invention is to establish an elevator motor system that provides ease of transportation and assembly by providing a smaller and lighter structure. Fixed pins (5) are the part that contributes to the working system when fixed on the rope pulley (4). Reduction is created by using its feature of being one more than the number of cavities on the eccentric reduction discs (3). In this way, with one eccentric movement of the eccentric reduction discs (3), the rope pulley (4) is rotated up to the pitch between two fixed pins (5) fixed to the rope pulley (4).

The pulley bearing (6) feature is provided to be reversed so that the bearing fixed rope pulley (4) is movable. The pulley bearing (6) is fixed on the body (7).

The body (8), unlike the bodies in the state of the art, is characterized by having a structure that occupies less space by placing the eccentric shaft (2) and eccentric reduction discs (3) inside the rope pulley (4).

In worm geared elevator motor systems, the desired torque was created, the required power was provided, and the efficiency was increased by expanding the gear diameter. The resulting system had disadvantages in terms of cost, labour, use of raw materials, supply and space. Said technical problems have been eliminated by using the eccentric shaft (2) and eccentric reduction discs (3), which have the feature of being placed in the rope pulley (4). A space-saving, lighter system has been created. Since the lightness of the system reduces the use of raw materials used during production, the cost can be reduced. Both the initial production and the supply cost in the event of a breakdown have been reduced.

Compared to external gear reduction elevator motor systems, it can be done with a 5.5 KW, which can be done with 7.5 KW.

Compared to elevator motor systems with external gear reduction, a system that is 3 times lighter is created in 3 times less area with the reduction created by evaluating the inner area of the rope pulley (4).

The reduction system, which is the subject of the invention, formed with the eccentric shaft (2) and eccentric reduction discs (3) enables the creation of elevator systems that are easier to supply and cost-effective compared to magnet elevator motor systems. Since there is no reduction in magnetic systems, it is a more expensive system in terms of electricity consumption and difficult to supply parts. In addition, it is obligatory to use the pulley system to create the desired torque.

Considering the system that is the subject of the invention, the pulley system can be optionally added to the system or has the option of not using it. While the torque can be increased by adding the pulley system, it is possible to produce the required torque without using the pulley system.

The cost can be reduced by not using the pulley system. In addition, there is no need to use longer rope and pulleys in the pulley system to be used. With fewer parts and a simple system, a system has been created in which the desired torque can be created without the need for support systems.

The fact that the system that is the subject of the invention does not need an electrical transformer provides added value in terms of reduction of cost and required area.

By the fact that the invention comprises eccentric shaft (2), eccentric reduction discs (3), recesses formed on eccentric reduction discs, rotatable rope pulley (4), pins (fixed pins) that are fixed on the rope pulley (4) and are used as one more than the number of cavities on the eccentric reduction discs (3) to create reduction (5), and and a lower engine (8), It is possible to carry larger loads.

The reduction of the motor (8) used also means that a system that can operate with less electricity is created. A savings-oriented system has been formed.

Since the gear system is not used in the invention, it is possible to operate more silently.

Since the eccentric shaft (2) and eccentric reduction discs (3) are positioned inside the rope pulley (4), the area covered by the eccentric structure is limited so that it does not exceed the rope pulley (4). It has been a system that saves space, is lighter and smaller.

With the invention, the cavities in the eccentric reduction discs can be leaned on the fixed pins (5), and a large torque can be transmitted with a small body (7). A product that is easy to manufacture is created with easy-to-supply parts. To specify the advantages of the single-stage eccentric shaft reducer system compared to the two-stage reducer system;

In eccentric reducer, outward pins (fixed pins) are used instead of using gears (5) and on the inside, the profiles that are obtained by the curve formed by the rotation of the pin (fixed pins) (5) (consisting of hundreds of points) that creates cavities on the Eccentric reduction discs (3) are used. Since this provides lubricity, a quiet and power loss-free operation is provided by reducing the friction. Therefore, it also eliminates the need for polyurethane coating.

Since all of the cavities are in contact with the pins (fixed pins) (5), it can withstand very large forces with a small body. With the system created, the efficiency of present reducer systems with a very small volume and weight allows savings in terms of cost, labour, installation, use, energy and space.

Since the number of cavities and pins (fixed pins) (5) is different, their pitches are also different.

The coordinates of the curve forming the cavities by the rotation of the pins (fixed pins) (5) with the eccentric shaft (2), and consisting of hundreds of points, the drawing of which was provided by a special method, were determined.

Since tens of cavities and pins (fixed pins) (5) in the system are in different pitches, they cause gapless and silent operation.

Since the pulley body is used as the reducer body (gear box);

The most important factor in elevator motors (8) is that they occupy less space, and the volume is small. With the creation of a single-stage elevator gearbox, a gearbox system that occupies as much space as the pulley in terms of volume has been realized.

By using a special design and construction, rotation of the outer body of the reducer is ensured, and since there is a pulley on the body (7), the rotation of the pulley is thus ensured.

The use of double eccentric reduction discs (3) in the reducer ensures that there is no balance. Another advantage of the system that is the subject of the invention is that it is free from all technical problems arising from the fact that all elevator motor reduction systems, including the state of the art (excluding magnetic systems), have a geared system structure. All technical problems such as power loss, noise during operation, etc. experienced by a geared system have all been eliminated.

By using the rope pulley (4) as the body for the eccentric shaft (2) and the eccentric reduction discs (3), the area can be saved at least as much as a rope pulley body. Thus, it is possible to install elevator systems in narrower areas.

By the fact that the rope pulley (4) of the invention can be used as a body for the eccentric shaft (2) and the eccentric reduction discs (3), the gear system being completely removed from the system, and the single-stage eccentric system being used, the total volume is reduced by 50% and the weight by 30%.

In the first installation and post-repair maintenance processes, the transfer of the engine system becomes difficult due to its weight. It is to establish an elevator motor system that is 30% lighter and portable than the systems included in the known state of the art, whose transportation and installation difficulties are facilitated.

The aim of the invention is to ensure that the rope pulley serves as a body for the eccentric group, the gear system is lifted, and that it works directly with the eccentric shaft and discs instead of using two-stage eccentrics, thus saving 30% from the total weight of the elevator motor system.

By changing the working principle, the weight and volume savings of all parts are directly proportional to the reduction of the production cost.

In the invention, no gear system is used at all. Thus, the noise-causing operation was completely eliminated and an elevator motor system with a quiet operation was established.

Claims

1. Gearless single-stage reduction system developed for use in elevator motors, comprising

- The eccentric shaft (2), which is used for the movement of the elevator by means of eccentric reduction discs (3) and pins (fixed pins) (5) by taking the force taken from the motor shaft (1),

Eccentric reduction discs (3), which are moved eccentrically by the shafts on it with the movement of the eccentric shaft (2), and which have cornerless cavities that enable them to push the pins (fixed pins) (5) in the desired direction and standard,

Pins (fixed pins) (5) fixed on the rope pulley (4), which will push the rope pulley (4) with the movement and pressure taken from the eccentric reduction discs (3), and

Rope pulley (4), which rotates with the movement power it receives, can accommodate the eccentric shaft (2) and eccentric reduction discs (3) by eliminating the body requirement of the eccentric shaft (2) and eccentric reduction discs (3).

2. Reduction system according to Claim 1, comprising cavities on the eccentric reduction disc (3), which pushes the cornerless, spring-formed Pin (Fixed pins) (5) and enables the rope pulley (4) to rotate.

3. Reduction system according to Claim 1, comprising pins (fixed pins) (5) one more than the number of cavities, which reduces the number of differences between the fixed pins (5) and the cavities,

- and reduces the revolution in proportion to this difference and increases the torque (5), and

Eccentric reduction discs (3) with cornerless cavities arranged as one less than the number of pins (fixed pins) (5). Gearless single-stage reduction system according to claim 1, developed for use in elevator motors, comprising eccentric reduction group with eccentric shaft (2), eccentric reduction discs (3), and pins (fixed pins) (5), providing 3 times power saving and 3 times lighter compared to external gear reduction elevator motor systems.