WO2023127591A1 - センサ付き真空断熱材 - Google Patents

センサ付き真空断熱材 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023127591A1
WO2023127591A1 PCT/JP2022/046828 JP2022046828W WO2023127591A1 WO 2023127591 A1 WO2023127591 A1 WO 2023127591A1 JP 2022046828 W JP2022046828 W JP 2022046828W WO 2023127591 A1 WO2023127591 A1 WO 2023127591A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
heat insulating
thermoelectric conversion
conversion member
insulating material
sensor
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Application number
PCT/JP2022/046828
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English (en)
French (fr)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
一聡 鈴木
Original Assignee
日東電工株式会社
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Priority to JP2023570877A priority Critical patent/JPWO2023127591A1/ja
Publication of WO2023127591A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023127591A1/ja

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L59/00—Thermal insulation in general
    • F16L59/06—Arrangements using an air layer or vacuum
    • F16L59/065—Arrangements using an air layer or vacuum using vacuum
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A30/00—Adapting or protecting infrastructure or their operation
    • Y02A30/24—Structural elements or technologies for improving thermal insulation
    • Y02A30/242—Slab shaped vacuum insulation
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B80/00—Architectural or constructional elements improving the thermal performance of buildings
    • Y02B80/10—Insulation, e.g. vacuum or aerogel insulation

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a vacuum insulation material with a sensor.
  • Such a vacuum heat insulating material is used, for example, as a heat insulating material for cold storage containers.
  • Cooling containers are used, for example, for transporting and storing vaccines that are inactivated at room temperature.
  • the present invention provides a sensor-equipped vacuum insulation material that can process signals from sensors installed in packaging materials.
  • the present invention [1] provides a heat insulating material having a predetermined thickness, a packaging material for vacuum packaging the heat insulating material, and a filamentous first thermoelectric conversion member arranged inside the packaging material, wherein the heat insulating material and a first thermoelectric conversion member having a portion having a predetermined length in the thickness direction of the heat insulating material and generating an electromotive force due to a temperature difference in the thickness direction of the heat insulating material; and a circuit arranged inside the packaging material and operated by the electromotive force of the first thermoelectric conversion member, the circuit processing a signal from the sensor.
  • a heat insulating material having a predetermined thickness
  • a packaging material for vacuum packaging the heat insulating material and a filamentous first thermoelectric conversion member arranged inside the packaging material, wherein the heat insulating material and a first thermoelectric conversion member having a portion having a predetermined length in the thickness direction of the heat insulating material and generating an electromotive force due to a temperature difference in the thickness direction of
  • the heat insulating material, the filamentous first thermoelectric conversion member, the sensor, and the circuit for processing the signal from the sensor are arranged inside the packaging material.
  • the first thermoelectric conversion member has a portion arranged inside the heat insulating material.
  • the portion arranged inside the heat insulating material has a predetermined length in the thickness direction.
  • the first thermoelectric conversion member can generate a large electromotive force using the temperature difference ensured by the heat insulating material.
  • the circuit that processes the signal from the sensor is operated by the electromotive force of the first thermoelectric conversion member.
  • the signal from the sensor installed inside the packaging material can be processed by a circuit operated by the electromotive force of the first thermoelectric conversion member.
  • the present invention [2] includes the vacuum heat insulating material with a sensor according to [1] above, wherein the sensor is a vacuum sensor that operates by the electromotive force of the first thermoelectric conversion member.
  • a decrease in the degree of vacuum inside the packaging material is detected as an "abnormality of the vacuum insulation material with a sensor" that leads to a decrease in insulation performance, without the need for power supply from the outside of the packaging material. can.
  • the present invention [3] includes the vacuum heat insulating material with a sensor of [1] above, wherein the sensor is a temperature sensor that operates by the electromotive force of the first thermoelectric conversion member.
  • the present invention [4] includes the vacuum heat insulating material with a sensor of [1] above, wherein the sensor is a temperature sensor composed of a second thermoelectric conversion member independent of the first thermoelectric conversion member.
  • the electromotive force of the second thermoelectric conversion member can be used as "a signal from the sensor".
  • the temperature inside the packaging material can be detected as an "abnormality of the vacuum insulation material with a sensor" that leads to the deterioration of the insulation performance. can detect excessive fluctuations in
  • the present invention [5] is a vacuum heat insulating material having a plurality of sensors, the plurality of sensors being operated by the electromotive force of the first thermoelectric conversion member, the first thermoelectric conversion member. and a temperature sensor comprising a second thermoelectric conversion member independent of the first thermoelectric conversion member.
  • the present invention [6] includes a wireless module arranged inside the packaging material and capable of transmitting a signal from the sensor processed by the circuit. Includes vacuum insulation.
  • the signal from the sensor processed by the circuit can be wirelessly transmitted to the outside.
  • the present invention [7] includes the sensor-equipped vacuum heat insulating material of [6] above, which includes a control device capable of controlling the wireless module.
  • the present invention [8] includes the vacuum heat insulating material with a sensor according to [7] above, wherein the wireless module and the control device are operated by the electromotive force of the first thermoelectric conversion member.
  • the wireless module and the control device can also be installed inside the packaging material.
  • the present invention is a vacuum heat insulating material with a sensor according to any one of [1] to [8] above, wherein the heat insulating material contains at least one of glass wool, rock wool, fumed silica, and foamed polymer. including.
  • the present invention is a vacuum heat insulating material with a sensor according to any one of [1] to [9] above, wherein the first thermoelectric conversion member contains carbon nanotubes and a binder that binds the carbon nanotubes. including.
  • the present invention [11] includes the vacuum heat insulating material with a sensor of [10] above, wherein the first thermoelectric conversion member further contains a dopant.
  • the present invention [12] includes the vacuum heat insulating material with a sensor according to any one of [1] to [11] above, wherein the surface of the first thermoelectric conversion member is coated.
  • the coating can improve the strength and wear resistance of the first thermoelectric conversion member. Moreover, the coating can suppress deterioration of the first thermoelectric conversion member due to oxygen and moisture.
  • the present invention [13] includes the vacuum heat insulating material with a sensor according to any one of [1] to [12] above, wherein the first thermoelectric conversion member has a diameter of 150 ⁇ m or more.
  • the vacuum heat insulating material with a sensor of the present invention it is possible to process the signal from the sensor installed inside the packaging material.
  • FIG. 1 is a perspective view of one embodiment of the vacuum heat insulating material with a sensor of the present invention.
  • 2 is a cross-sectional view of the heat insulating material shown in FIG. 1.
  • FIG. 3 is a block diagram of the vacuum heat insulating material with a sensor shown in FIG. 1.
  • FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing a first modification of the vacuum heat insulating material with a sensor.
  • 5 is a block diagram of the vacuum heat insulating material with a sensor shown in FIG. 4.
  • FIG. FIG. 6 is a perspective view showing a second modification of the vacuum heat insulating material with a sensor.
  • FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view showing a third modification of the vacuum heat insulating material with a sensor.
  • FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view showing a fourth modification of the vacuum heat insulating material with a sensor.
  • Vacuum Heat Insulating Material with Sensor An embodiment of a vacuum heat insulating material 1 with a sensor will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 3 .
  • the sensor-equipped vacuum heat insulating material 1 includes a heat insulating material 2, a packaging material 3, at least one thermoelectric conversion member 4, and a circuit board 5.
  • the thermoelectric conversion member 4 is an example of a first thermoelectric conversion member.
  • the heat insulating material 2 has a predetermined thickness.
  • the heat insulating material 2 has a substantially rectangular flat plate shape.
  • the shape of the heat insulating material 2 is not limited.
  • the heat insulating material 2 has one surface S1 and the other surface S2 in the thickness direction of the heat insulating material 2. As shown in FIG. In the following description, the thickness direction of the heat insulating material 2 is referred to as "thickness direction".
  • the one surface S1 and the other surface S2 extend in the planar direction.
  • the plane direction intersects with the thickness direction.
  • the surface direction is perpendicular to the thickness direction.
  • the heat insulating material 2 has heat insulating performance and insulating performance.
  • the heat insulation performance of the heat insulating material 2 can be defined by the thermal conductivity of the heat insulating material 2 .
  • the insulation performance of the heat insulating material 2 can be defined by the resistance value of the heat insulating material 2 .
  • the thermal conductivity of the heat insulating material 2 is, for example, 1 W/m ⁇ K or less, preferably 0.5 W/m ⁇ K or less.
  • the thermal conductivity of the heat insulating material 2 is equal to or less than the above upper limit, a temperature difference can be ensured in the thickness direction, and an increase in the obtained electromotive force can be achieved.
  • the lower limit of the thermal conductivity of the heat insulating material 2 is not limited.
  • the thermal conductivity of the heat insulating material 2 is, for example, 0.01 W/m ⁇ K or more.
  • the resistance value of the heat insulating material 2 is not limited as long as the short circuit of the thermoelectric conversion member 4 can be prevented.
  • Examples of materials for the heat insulating material 2 include glass wool, rock wool, fumed silica, foamed polymer, polystyrene, polyethylene, urethane resin, melamine resin, phenolic resin, foamed glass, calcium silicate, perlite, cellulose fiber, alumina fiber, and ceramics. fiber, carbon fiber, and the like.
  • Materials for the heat insulating material 2 preferably include glass wool, rock wool, fumed silica, and foamed polymer, and more preferably glass wool.
  • the heat insulating material 2 contains at least one of glass wool, rock wool, fumed silica, and foamed polymer. If the heat insulating material 2 contains at least one of glass wool, rock wool, fumed silica, and foamed polymer, the heat insulating property of the heat insulating material 2 can be improved. Thereby, a temperature difference can be ensured in the thickness direction, and an increase in the obtained electromotive force can be achieved.
  • the insulation 2 comprises a layer of at least one of glass wool, rock wool, fumed silica and foamed polymer. More preferably, the heat insulating material 2 is made of glass wool.
  • the thickness of the heat insulating material 2 is, for example, 3 mm or more, preferably 10 mm or more.
  • a temperature difference can be ensured in the thickness direction, and an increase in the obtained electromotive force can be achieved.
  • the upper limit of the thickness of the heat insulating material 2 is not limited.
  • the thickness of the heat insulating material 2 is, for example, 100 mm or less.
  • the apparent density of the heat insulating material 2 is, for example, 200 kg/m 3 or less, preferably 100 kg/m 3 or less.
  • the weight of the vacuum heat insulating material 1 with a sensor can be reduced. Also, flexibility can be ensured in the process of sewing the thermoelectric conversion member 4 into the heat insulating material 2 .
  • the apparent density of the heat insulating material 2 is, for example, 10 kg/m 3 or more, preferably 24 kg/m 3 or more.
  • the apparent density of the heat insulating material 2 is equal to or higher than the above lower limit, a sufficient temperature difference can be ensured in the thickness direction.
  • the strength of the heat insulating material 2 can be ensured to the extent that the heat insulating material 2 can withstand the process of sewing the thermoelectric conversion member 4 into the heat insulating material 2 .
  • the apparent density of the heat insulating material 2 is, for example, 450 kg/m 3 or less, preferably 300 kg/m 3 or less.
  • the weight of the vacuum heat insulating material 1 with a sensor can be reduced. Also, flexibility can be ensured in the process of sewing the thermoelectric conversion member 4 into the heat insulating material 2 .
  • the apparent density of the heat insulating material 2 is, for example, 150 kg/m 3 or more, preferably 200 kg/m 3 or more.
  • the apparent density of the heat insulating material 2 is equal to or higher than the above lower limit, a sufficient temperature difference can be ensured in the thickness direction.
  • the strength of the heat insulating material 2 can be ensured to the extent that the heat insulating material 2 can withstand the process of sewing the thermoelectric conversion member 4 into the heat insulating material 2 .
  • the apparent density of the heat insulating material 2 is, for example, 60 kg/m 3 or less, preferably 45 kg/m 3 or less when the heat insulating material 2 is made of foamed polymer.
  • the weight of the vacuum heat insulating material 1 with a sensor can be reduced. Also, flexibility can be ensured in the process of sewing the thermoelectric conversion member 4 into the heat insulating material 2 .
  • the apparent density of the heat insulating material 2 is, for example, 5 kg/m 3 or more, preferably 20 kg/m 3 or more.
  • the apparent density of the heat insulating material 2 is equal to or higher than the above lower limit, a sufficient temperature difference can be ensured in the thickness direction.
  • the strength of the heat insulating material 2 can be ensured to the extent that the heat insulating material 2 can withstand the process of sewing the thermoelectric conversion member 4 into the heat insulating material 2 .
  • the packaging material 3 wraps the heat insulating material 2 .
  • the inside of the packaging material 3 is a vacuum. That is, the packaging material 3 vacuum-packages the heat insulating material 2 .
  • Vacuum refers to the state in a space filled with gas at a pressure lower than normal atmospheric pressure (JIS Z 8126-1: 1999). More specifically, the term “vacuum” refers to a state within a space filled with gas at a pressure lower than standard atmospheric pressure.
  • the degree of vacuum inside the packaging material 3 is, for example, 600 Pa or less, preferably 300 Pa or less.
  • the degree of vacuum in the packaging material 3 is equal to or less than the above upper limit, the heat insulating properties of the vacuum heat insulating material 1 with a sensor can be ensured.
  • the lower limit of the degree of vacuum inside the packaging material 3 is not limited.
  • the degree of vacuum inside the packaging material 3 is, for example, 1 Pa or more.
  • the packaging material 3 is made of a material that can transmit radio waves from a wireless module 54 (see FIG. 3), which will be described later.
  • a material for the packaging material 3 a conventionally known vacuum packaging material can be used.
  • thermoelectric conversion member 4 is used as a power source for the circuit board 5 .
  • thermoelectric conversion member 4 is arranged inside the packaging material 3 .
  • the thermoelectric conversion member 4 generates an electromotive force due to a temperature difference in the thickness direction.
  • the thermoelectric conversion member 4 has a plurality of P-type portions 41A, 41B and a plurality of N-type portions 42A, 42B.
  • the P-type portion 41A behaves as a P-type semiconductor.
  • the P-type portion 41A extends in the thickness direction. In this embodiment, the P-shaped portion 41A penetrates the heat insulating material 2 .
  • the P-shaped portion 41A has one end portion 411A, the other end portion 412A, and a body portion 413A. 411 A of one end parts are arrange
  • the one end portion 411A is arranged on one surface S1 of the heat insulating material 2 .
  • the other end 412A is arranged outside the heat insulating material 2 .
  • the other end portion 412A is arranged on the other surface S2 of the heat insulating material 2 .
  • the body portion 413A is arranged between the one end portion 411A and the other end portion 412A.
  • the body portion 413A is arranged inside the heat insulating material 2 . That is, the thermoelectric conversion member 4 has a portion (main body portion 413A) arranged inside the heat insulating material 2 .
  • 413 A of main-body parts have the same length as the thickness of the heat insulating material 2 in the thickness direction. That is, the body portion 413A has a predetermined length in the thickness direction. Note that the body portion 413A does not have to extend along the thickness direction.
  • the body portion 413A may be inclined with respect to the thickness direction.
  • the N-type portion 42A behaves as an N-type semiconductor.
  • the N-type portion 42A extends in the thickness direction. In this embodiment, the N-shaped portion 42A penetrates the heat insulating material 2 .
  • the N-type portion 42A has one end portion 421A, the other end portion 422A, and a body portion 423A. 421 A of one end parts are arrange
  • the one end portion 421A is arranged on one surface S1 of the heat insulating material 2 .
  • the other end 422A is arranged outside the heat insulating material 2 .
  • the other end portion 422A is arranged on the other surface S2 of the heat insulating material 2 .
  • the body portion 423A is arranged between the one end portion 421A and the other end portion 422A.
  • the body portion 423A is arranged inside the heat insulating material 2 .
  • 423 A of main-body parts have the same length as the thickness of the heat insulating material 2 in the thickness direction.
  • One end 421A of the N-type portion 42A is electrically connected to one end 411A of the P-type portion 41A.
  • one cell structure 4A of the ⁇ -type thermoelectric conversion element is formed from the P-type portion 41A and the N-type portion 42A.
  • the P-type portion 41B and the N-type portion 42B form one cell structure 4B of the ⁇ -type thermoelectric conversion element.
  • the other end 422A of the N-type portion 42A is electrically connected to the other end 412B of the P-type portion 41B. Thereby, the cell structure 4A and the cell structure 4B are connected in series.
  • the thermoelectric conversion member 4 is filamentous and has P-type portions 41 and N-type portions 42 alternately.
  • the thermoelectric conversion member 4 is sewn into the heat insulating material 2 so that the connecting portion between the P-type portion 41 and the N-type portion 42 is arranged on the surface of the heat insulating material 2 .
  • the thermoelectric conversion member 4 extends in the surface direction of the heat insulating material 2 while being folded.
  • the diameter of the thermoelectric conversion member 4 is, for example, 150 ⁇ m or more, preferably 300 ⁇ m or more. When the diameter of the thermoelectric conversion member 4 is equal to or greater than the above lower limit value, the electromotive force of the thermoelectric conversion member 4 can be increased.
  • the “diameter of the thermoelectric conversion member 4" is the minimum length of the thermoelectric conversion member 4 in the direction perpendicular to the extending direction of the thermoelectric conversion member 4 (radial direction of the thermoelectric conversion member 4). Specifically, when the cross section of the thermoelectric conversion member 4 in the radial direction is circular, the “diameter of the thermoelectric conversion member 4" refers to the diameter of the circle. When the cross section of the thermoelectric conversion member 4 in the radial direction is elliptical, the “diameter of the thermoelectric conversion member 4" refers to the length of the minor axis of the ellipse. When the thermoelectric conversion member 4 is ribbon-shaped, the “diameter of the thermoelectric conversion member 4 ” refers to the thickness of the thermoelectric conversion member 4 .
  • the diameter of the thermoelectric conversion member 4 is, for example, 3000 ⁇ m or less, preferably 1500 ⁇ m or less, more preferably 1000 ⁇ m. If the diameter of the thermoelectric conversion member 4 is equal to or less than the above upper limit value, it is possible to prevent the heat insulating performance of the heat insulating material 2 from deteriorating due to the thermoelectric converting member 4 sewn into the heat insulating material 2 .
  • the tensile strength of the thermoelectric conversion member 4 is, for example, 200 mN or more, preferably 400 mN or more. When the tensile strength of the thermoelectric conversion member 4 is equal to or higher than the above lower limit, breakage of the thermoelectric conversion member 4 can be suppressed in the step of sewing the thermoelectric conversion member 4 into the heat insulating material 2 .
  • the tensile strength of the thermoelectric conversion member 4 is measured by pulling the thermoelectric conversion member 4 with a length of 65 mm at a speed of 1 mm/minute using a tensile tester (EZ-S manufactured by Shimadzu Corporation).
  • the upper limit of the tensile strength of the thermoelectric conversion member 4 is not limited.
  • the tensile strength of the thermoelectric conversion member 4 is, for example, 3000 mN or less.
  • thermoelectric conversion member 4 contains a conductive material, a binder, and, if necessary, a dopant.
  • a conductive material has conductivity.
  • the conductive material gives conductivity to the thermoelectric conversion member 4 .
  • Conductive materials include, for example, semiconductor materials, carbon materials, and conductive polymers.
  • semiconductor materials include bismuth (Bi), tellurium (Te), antimony (Sb), cobalt (Co), zinc (Zn), silicon (Si), germanium (Ge), iridium (Ir), and lead (Pb). , and alloys thereof, skutterudite, constantan.
  • a semiconductor material may contain a metal element, but has a higher resistance value than a metal and behaves as a semiconductor depending on the crystal structure, the combination of elements in the alloy, or the like.
  • the semiconductor material may be a semiconductor whisker.
  • carbon materials include carbon nanotubes, carbon nanofibers, graphene, graphene nanoribbons, and fullerene nanowhiskers.
  • Conductive polymers such as polyacetylene, poly(p-phenylene vinylene), polypyrrole, polythiophene, polyaniline, poly(p-phenylene sulfide), poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) and polystyrene sulfonic acid composites (PEDOT:PSS), a composite of poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) and methylpolypropylsulfonate siloxane (PEDOT:PSiPS), poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) and paratoluenesulfonic acid and a composite (PEDOT: Tos).
  • the conductive material is preferably a carbon material, more preferably a carbon nanotube. That is, the thermoelectric conversion member 4 contains carbon nanotubes, a binder, and, if necessary, a dopant. If the conductive material is a carbon nanotube, the thermoelectric conversion member 4 can be efficiently manufactured by utilizing the electrical properties of the carbon nanotube as a P-type semiconductor.
  • the binder binds the conductive substances together.
  • the binder binds the carbon nanotubes.
  • Examples of binders include insulating resins and conductive resins.
  • insulating resins include polyethylene glycol, epoxy resin, acrylic resin, urethane resin, polystyrene resin, and polyvinyl resin.
  • Polyvinyl resins include, for example, polyvinyl chloride, polyvinylpyrrolidone, polyvinyl alcohol, and polyvinyl acetate.
  • Examples of conductive resins include polyacetylene, poly(p-phenylene vinylene), polypyrrole, polythiophene, polyaniline, poly(p-phenylene sulfide), and poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene).
  • the binder is preferably an insulating resin, more preferably polyethylene glycol.
  • the dopant gives the thermoelectric conversion member 4 electric properties of a semiconductor.
  • Dopants include P-type dopants and N-type dopants.
  • the P-type dopant gives the thermoelectric conversion member 4 electrical properties of a P-type semiconductor.
  • the thermoelectric conversion member 4 does not need to contain a P-type dopant because the carbon nanotube has electrical properties of a P-type semiconductor.
  • the N-type dopant gives the thermoelectric conversion member 4 electrical properties of an N-type semiconductor.
  • N-type dopants include 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate (BMIM-PF 6 ), polyethyleneimine (PEI), ethylenediaminetetrakis(propoxylate-block-ethoxylate) tetrol (trade name: Tetronic ( 1107), reduced benzylviologen (reduced BV), diphenylphosphine (dpp), 1,2-bis(diphenylphosphino)ethane (dppe), 1,3-bis(diphenylphosphino)propane (dppp), 1,4-bis(diphenylphosphino)butane (dppb), bis(diphenylphosphinomethyl)phenylphosphine (dpmp), bis(diphenylphosphinoethyl)phenylphosphine (ppmdp), bis[(diphenylphosphinomethyl)phenyl Phosphino]methane (dpmppm),
  • thermoelectric conversion member 4 may be coated.
  • the thermoelectric conversion member 4 may have a core containing a conductive material, a binder, and a dopant, and a coat layer coating the surface of the core.
  • Materials for the coat layer include, for example, resins, carbon fibers, metals, metal oxides, and silicon compounds.
  • resins include epoxy resin, acrylic resin, urethane resin, fluorine resin, polyvinyl alcohol, ethylene vinyl alcohol, polybutylene terephthalate, polyamide, polyimide, polyvinyl acetal, polysilsesquioxane, polysilazane, and parylene.
  • carbon fibers include carbon nanofibers.
  • metals include aluminum and chromium.
  • metal oxides include smectite, indium tin oxide (ITO), indium zinc oxide (IZO), aluminum zinc oxide (AZO), and zinc tin oxide (ZTO).
  • Silicon compounds include, for example, silica fine particles, silicon dioxide, and silicon nitride.
  • the coat layer can improve the strength and wear resistance of the thermoelectric conversion member 4 . Further, the coating layer can suppress deterioration of the thermoelectric conversion member 4 due to oxygen and moisture.
  • thermoelectric conversion member 4 To manufacture the thermoelectric conversion member 4, first, a mixture of a conductive material and a binder is formed into a filament.
  • a dopant is applied to the obtained molding.
  • the molding is immersed in a solution containing the dopant.
  • the conductive material is a carbon nanotube
  • an N-type dopant is applied to the portion of the molding that is desired to be the N-type portion 42 .
  • the portion provided with the N-type dopant becomes the N-type portion 42, and the portion not provided with the N-type dopant becomes the P-type portion 41 due to the electrical properties of the carbon nanotube.
  • a P-type dopant may be applied to a portion of the molded article that is desired to be the P-type portion 41 .
  • thermoelectric conversion member 4 is obtained.
  • the obtained thermoelectric conversion member 4 is sewn into the heat insulating material 2 so that the connecting portion between the P-type portion 41 and the N-type portion 42 is arranged on the surface of the heat insulating material 2 .
  • the ratio of the conductive material to the weight of the thermoelectric conversion member 4 can be increased by a method of forming a mixture of the conductive material and the binder into a filament. Therefore, the thermoelectric conversion member 4 capable of obtaining a large electromotive force can be manufactured.
  • thermoelectric conversion member 4 may be manufactured by a method other than forming a mixture of a conductive material and a binder into a filament.
  • the thermoelectric conversion member 4 can be manufactured by supporting or impregnating a conductive material in plant fibers or synthetic fibers, and adding dopants and binders as necessary.
  • Plant fibers include, for example, cotton, hemp, and pulp.
  • Synthetic fibers include, for example, polypropylene and polyethylene.
  • the circuit board 5 is arranged inside the packaging material 3 .
  • a circuit board 5 is attached to the surface of the heat insulating material 2 .
  • the circuit board 5 may be embedded in the heat insulating material 2 .
  • the circuit board 5 has a sensor 51 , a conversion circuit 52 as an example of a circuit, a wireless module 54 and a control device 53 . That is, the sensor 51 , conversion circuit 52 , wireless module 54 and control device 53 are arranged inside the packaging material 3 .
  • the sensor-equipped vacuum heat insulating material 1 also includes a sensor 51 , a conversion circuit 52 , a control device 53 , and a wireless module 54 .
  • the circuit board 5 is electrically connected to the thermoelectric conversion member 4 . Thereby, the circuit board 5 is operated by the electromotive force of the thermoelectric conversion member 4 . That is, the sensor 51 , the conversion circuit 52 , the wireless module 54 and the control device 53 are operated by the electromotive force of the thermoelectric conversion member 4 .
  • the sensor 51 is a vacuum sensor.
  • a sensor 51 measures the degree of vacuum inside the packaging material 3 .
  • Sensor 51 is electrically connected to conversion circuit 52 .
  • the conversion circuit 52 processes signals from the sensor 51 . Specifically, the conversion circuit 52 converts the analog signal from the sensor 51 into a digital signal.
  • the conversion circuit 52 includes an AFE (Analog Front End) circuit and an analog-to-digital conversion circuit. The conversion circuit 52 adjusts the analog signal from the sensor 51 with the AFE circuit and converts it into a digital signal with the analog-digital conversion circuit.
  • AFE Analog Front End
  • the control device 53 is electrically connected to the conversion circuit 52 and the wireless module 54 .
  • the controller 53 has a processor and memory.
  • the control device 53 can record the signal from the sensor 51 processed by the conversion circuit 52 in a memory.
  • the control device 53 can control the wireless module 54 .
  • the control device 53 causes the wireless module 54 to transmit the signal recorded in the memory.
  • the control device 53 may cause the wireless module 54 to transmit all the signals recorded in the memory. If the signal recorded in the memory is an abnormal value, the control device 53 may cause the wireless module 54 to transmit the abnormal value.
  • the wireless module 54 is controlled by the control device 53 to convert the signal from the sensor 51 converted by the conversion circuit 52 (specifically, the signal is converted by the conversion circuit 52 and stored in the memory of the control device 53). recorded signal) can be emitted. That is, the wireless module 54 can transmit the signal from the sensor 51 processed by the conversion circuit 52 .
  • the communication standard of the wireless module 54 is not limited. Radio module 54 has at least a transmitting antenna.
  • the circuit board 5 has a sensor 51 and a conversion circuit 52 that processes signals from the sensor 51 .
  • thermoelectric conversion member 4 has a body portion 413 arranged inside the heat insulating material 2 .
  • the body portion 413 has a predetermined length in the thickness direction.
  • thermoelectric conversion member 4 can use the temperature difference ensured by the heat insulating material 2 to generate a large electromotive force.
  • the circuit board 5 is operated by the electromotive force of the thermoelectric conversion member 4 .
  • the signal from the sensor 51 installed inside the packaging material 3 can be processed by the conversion circuit 52 that operates by the electromotive force of the thermoelectric conversion member 4 .
  • the sensor 51 is a vacuum sensor operated by the electromotive force of the thermoelectric conversion member 4 .
  • the wireless module 54 is arranged inside the packaging material 3 and can transmit a signal from the sensor 51 processed by the conversion circuit 52 .
  • the signal from the sensor 51 processed by the conversion circuit 52 can be wirelessly transmitted to the outside.
  • the wireless module 54 and the control device 53 are also operated by the electromotive force of the thermoelectric conversion member 4, as shown in FIG.
  • the wireless module 54 and the control device 53 can also be installed inside the packaging material 3.
  • thermoelectric conversion member 4 According to the vacuum heat insulating material 1 with a sensor, the surface of the thermoelectric conversion member 4 is coated.
  • the coating can improve the strength and wear resistance of the thermoelectric conversion member 4 . Moreover, the coating can suppress deterioration of the thermoelectric conversion member 4 due to oxygen and moisture.
  • the sensor 51 may be a temperature sensor.
  • the temperature sensor may operate by the electromotive force of the thermoelectric conversion member 4 . In this case, without requiring power supply from the outside of the packaging material 3, excessive fluctuations in the temperature inside the packaging material 3 can be detected as "abnormality of the vacuum insulation material 1 with a sensor" that leads to a decrease in insulation performance. .
  • the vacuum heat insulating material 1 with a sensor may include a temperature sensor comprising a thermoelectric conversion member 100.
  • FIG. Thermoelectric conversion member 100 is an example of a second thermoelectric conversion member.
  • the thermoelectric conversion member 100 is independent of the thermoelectric conversion member 4 .
  • Thermoelectric conversion member 100 is not electrically connected to thermoelectric conversion member 4 .
  • the thermoelectric conversion member 100 is independent of the circuit board 5 and electrically connected to the conversion circuit 52 of the circuit board 5 .
  • thermoelectric conversion member 100 has the same structure and components as the thermoelectric conversion member 4. That is, the thermoelectric conversion member 100 has a portion (main body portion) arranged inside the heat insulating material 2 . The body portion of the thermoelectric conversion member 100 has a predetermined length in the thickness direction. Therefore, like the thermoelectric conversion member 4, the thermoelectric conversion member 100 generates an electromotive force due to the temperature difference in the thickness direction.
  • the conversion circuit 52 converts the electromotive force of the thermoelectric conversion member 100 into a digital signal. That is, in this modified example, the electromotive force of the thermoelectric conversion member 100 is the "signal from the sensor".
  • thermoelectric conversion member 100 As the "signal from the sensor”, the electric power from the outside of the packaging material 3 and the electromotive force of the thermoelectric conversion member 4 can be used. Excessive fluctuations in the temperature inside the packaging material 3 can be detected as "abnormalities in the vacuum heat insulating material 1 with a sensor" that lead to deterioration of the heat insulating performance.
  • the sensor-equipped vacuum heat insulating material 1 may include a plurality of sensors.
  • the plurality of sensors include at least two of a vacuum sensor operated by the electromotive force of the thermoelectric conversion member 4, a temperature sensor operated by the electromotive force of the thermoelectric conversion member 4, and a temperature sensor composed of the thermoelectric conversion member 100. may contain.
  • the sensor-equipped vacuum heat insulating material 1 may include a vacuum sensor operated by the electromotive force of the thermoelectric conversion member 4 and a temperature sensor operated by the electromotive force of the thermoelectric conversion member 4 .
  • the sensor-equipped vacuum heat insulating material 1 may include a vacuum sensor operated by the electromotive force of the thermoelectric conversion member 4 and a temperature sensor composed of the thermoelectric conversion member 100 .
  • the sensor-equipped vacuum heat insulating material 1 may include a temperature sensor operated by the electromotive force of the thermoelectric conversion member 4 and a temperature sensor composed of the thermoelectric conversion member 100 .
  • the vacuum heat insulating material 1 with a sensor may include a vacuum sensor operated by the electromotive force of the thermoelectric conversion member 4, a temperature sensor operated by the electromotive force of the thermoelectric conversion member 4, and a temperature sensor composed of the thermoelectric conversion member 100. good.
  • a decrease in the degree of vacuum inside the packaging material 3 is detected as an "abnormality in the vacuum insulation material 1 with a sensor" that leads to a decrease in insulation performance. , and at least one of excessive fluctuations in the temperature inside the packaging material 3 can be detected.
  • the sensor-equipped vacuum heat insulating material 1 is a P-type thermoelectric conversion member consisting only of the P-type portion 41 instead of the thermoelectric conversion member 4 having the P-type portion 41 and the N-type portion 42. 101 and an N-type thermoelectric conversion member 102 consisting only of the N-type portion 42 .
  • One end of the P-type thermoelectric conversion member 101 in the thickness direction and one end of the N-type thermoelectric conversion member 102 in the thickness direction may be electrically connected by a conductive paste 103 or the like.
  • each of the P-type thermoelectric conversion member 101 and the N-type thermoelectric conversion member 102 may be thread-like and sewn into the heat insulating material 2 .
  • the sensor-equipped vacuum heat insulating material 1 may have cover layers 110A and 110B that cover the connecting portion between the P-type portion 41 and the N-type portion 42 .
  • Examples of materials for the cover layers 110A and 110B include the materials for the heat insulating material 2 described above.
  • the cover layers 110A and 110B may have coat layers. Examples of the material for the coat layer include the material for the coat layer of the thermoelectric conversion member 3 described above.
  • thermoelectric conversion member 4 may be arranged inside the heat insulating material 2 .
  • the thermoelectric conversion member 4 may consist of only the portion arranged inside the heat insulating material 2 .
  • the control device 53 does not have to control the wireless module 54.
  • the circuit board 5 has a nonvolatile memory, and the control device 53 may record data in the nonvolatile memory. The data recorded in the non-volatile memory may be read by an external reader via the wireless module 54 .
  • the sensor 51 may be independent from the circuit board 5.
  • the radio module 54 may also be independent from the circuit board 5 .
  • the vacuum heat insulating material with a sensor of the present invention can be used, for example, as a heat insulating material for cold storage containers.
  • thermoelectric conversion member 1 vacuum heat insulating material with sensor 2 heat insulating material 3 packaging material 4 thermoelectric conversion member (first thermoelectric conversion member) 51 sensor 52 conversion circuit (circuit for processing signals from the sensor) 53 Control Device 54 Wireless Module 100 Thermoelectric Conversion Member (Second Thermoelectric Conversion Member) 101 P-type thermoelectric conversion member (first thermoelectric conversion member) 102 N-type thermoelectric conversion member (first thermoelectric conversion member)

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Thermal Insulation (AREA)
  • Measuring Fluid Pressure (AREA)
PCT/JP2022/046828 2021-12-28 2022-12-20 センサ付き真空断熱材 WO2023127591A1 (ja)

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