WO2023127352A1

WO2023127352A1 - Cutting device, holder and cutting method

Info

Publication number: WO2023127352A1
Application number: PCT/JP2022/043022
Authority: WO
Inventors: 謙一郎國友; 亜未佐々木; 秀峰小関; 湧太山田
Original assignee: 株式会社プロテリアル
Priority date: 2021-12-28
Filing date: 2022-11-21
Publication date: 2023-07-06

Abstract

Provided is a cutting device having good heating efficiency, and capable of reducing a decrease in gripping force of a cutting tool during hot machining. A cutting device comprising: a machining unit 20 that cuts a workpiece 7 with a cutting tool 26 held by a holder 27 attached to a main shaft 21 or a machining head 25; a heating unit 30 that heats the workpiece; and a control unit 40. A thermal expansion coefficient of the material of the holder is higher than a thermal expansion coefficient of the material of the cutting tool. A gas passage 55 for cooling the holder by a cooling gas is formed inside the holder. The control unit controls cutting of the workpiece with the cutting tool, in a state in which the workpiece is heated by the heating unit, and controls supply of the cooling gas to the holder during cutting.

Description

Cutting device, holder and cutting method

The present invention relates to a cutting device, a holder that holds a cutting tool, and a cutting method.

Patent Document 1 discloses an additive manufacturing method equipped with a heat source in order to stably maintain a heated state when shaping and cutting an additive manufacturing object composed of a difficult-to-cut material having a machinability index of 50 or less. An apparatus and heat cutting technique are disclosed. A high-frequency induction heating, a semiconductor laser, and the like are exemplified as the heating source.

Patent Document 2 describes a tool holder for mounting a ceramic end mill by shrink fitting. When compressed air is sent into the cavity from the spindle to cut a work material made of a Ni-based super heat-resistant alloy, the contact point between the work material and the cutting edge of the end mill reaches a temperature range exceeding 800°C, resulting in smooth roughing. Machining is performed.At this time, since compressed air passes through the first gas flow passage, the chuck part is cooled by the compressed air, and the compressed air is jetted from the end face and cooled. Even if the temperature is exceeded, the chuck portion will not reach a high temperature to the extent that the end mill will come off.” (cited from the abstract).

WO2020/111231 JP 2017-87347 A

With the technology disclosed in Patent Document 1, there is a possibility that the gripping force of the tool may decrease during heat cutting due to the difference between the coefficient of thermal expansion of the material of the cutting tool and the material of the tool holder. On the other hand, the technique disclosed in Patent Document 2 is disclosed as "heating a work material and a cutting tool to a high temperature with cutting heat, and performing cutting in a temperature range where the mechanical strength of the work material decreases." As described in (paragraph 0004), the heating efficiency is poor because the cutting heat is locally applied.

An object of the present invention is to provide a cutting device, a holder, and a cutting method that have good heating efficiency and can reduce the decrease in gripping force of the cutting tool during hot cutting.

A cutting apparatus, which is one aspect of the present invention, comprises a working part that cuts a work material with a cutting tool held by a holder attached to a spindle or a machining head, a heating part that heats the work material, a controller, wherein the thermal expansion coefficient of the material of the holder is higher than the thermal expansion coefficient of the material of the cutting tool, and the holder has a gas flow path for cooling the holder with a cooling gas. The control unit controls cutting of the work material by the cutting tool in a state where the work material is heated by the heating unit, and cools the holder during cutting. Control the gas supply.

A holder that is one aspect of the present invention is a holder that is attached to a spindle or a machining head and holds a cutting tool, and includes a tool insertion portion into which the cutting tool is inserted, and a cooling gas from the spindle or the machining head. is supplied, a gas flow path through which the cooling gas flows, and an outlet for discharging the cooling gas to the outside, and the holder has a longitudinal direction that extends along the spindle or the machining head is attached to the main shaft or the machining head so as to be parallel to the rotation axis that rotates the holder, and the gas flow path is connected to the center through and extends in the longitudinal direction of the holder. a second partial flow path connected to the discharge port and extending in the longitudinal direction of the holder; a folded partial flow path connecting the first partial flow path and the second partial flow path; including.

A cutting method, which is one aspect of the present invention, comprises a working part for cutting a work material with a cutting tool held by a holder attached to a spindle or a machining head; a heating part for heating the work material; , wherein the holder is made of a material having a coefficient of thermal expansion higher than that of the material of the cutting tool, and the heating unit cuts The work material is heated, and the working part supplies cooling gas to the holder having a gas flow path formed therein while the work material is being cut by the cutting tool.

According to the present invention, it is possible to provide a cutting device, a holder, and a cutting method that have good heating efficiency and can reduce the decrease in gripping force of the cutting tool during heat cutting. Other problems and novel features will become apparent from the description of the specification and the accompanying drawings.

1 is an overall configuration diagram of a cutting device; FIG. It is a figure which shows the principal part of a working part. It is a flow chart of a heat cutting process. FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of a configuration example of a holder; FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of a configuration example of a holder; FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of a configuration example of a holder; FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of a configuration example of a holder;

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below. Although the drawings shown in this embodiment show specific examples of the present invention, they are for the purpose of understanding the present invention and are not used to interpret the present invention in a limited way. .

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing the overall configuration of a cutting device (hereinafter referred to as a heating cutting device) 1 equipped with a heat source according to this embodiment. The heating and cutting apparatus 1 includes a housing 10, a working portion 20 for cutting a material to be cut, a heating portion 30 for maintaining a heated state during cutting, and operations of the working portion 20 and the heating portion 30. and a control unit 40 for controlling the Although illustration is omitted, the working section 20 includes an air compressor that supplies cooling air for cooling the holder, which will be described later. The air compressor is connected to a holder that holds a cutting tool through a channel. A valve for controlling the flow of cooling air is also provided on the channel. Opening and closing of the valve can be controlled by the controller 40 . Note that the example of the heating cutting apparatus 1 can be said to be a system in which the heating unit 30 is provided in a machining center equipped with an air compressor. In addition, in this embodiment, an example in which air is used as a medium for cooling the holder will be described, but a gas other than air may be used.

<Housing 10>
The housing 10 accommodates the working part 20 and the heating part 30 and isolates the inside from the surroundings. A door 11 is provided in the housing 10, and the door 11 is closed when the working part 20 and the heating part 30 are to be operated. An operator of the heating and cutting apparatus 1 opens the door 11 and enters the housing 10 when carrying in a work material or taking out a work material after cutting. 1, the inside of the housing 10 can be visually recognized by seeing through the ceiling of the housing 10. As shown in FIG.

<work section 20>
2 shows the main part of the working part 20. As shown in FIG. The working part 20 includes a spindle 21 and a machining head 25 attached to the spindle 21, as shown in FIGS. The machining head 25 may be omitted, or a plurality of machining heads may be used together. In the following description, the case of using a machining head will be described.

The main shaft 21 is internally provided with a motor for rotating the cutting tool (more precisely, the holder holding the cutting tool). When the machining head 25 is omitted, the holder is attached to the spindle 21 in a form rotatable by a motor. A case where the machining head 25 is used will be described later. Further, the main shaft 21 has a flow path for supplying cooling air supplied from the air compressor to the holder 27 . Movement of the machining head 25 (meaning at least one of translational movement and angle change) according to instructions from the control unit 40 is realized by moving the main axis with an actuator provided in the working unit 20 .

A cutting tool 26 is attached to the machining head 25 via a holder 27, as shown in FIG. The mechanism by which the machining head 25 transmits the rotation of the motor of the spindle 21 to the holder can be broadly classified into the following two types.

(1) The machining head 25 and the holder 27 are fixed so as not to rotate, and the machining head 25 is rotated by a motor (an extension head is an example).

(2) A rotating shaft connected to a motor is provided inside the machining head 25, and the holder 27 is fixed to the rotating shaft (an angular head is an example).

A cutting tool 26 suitable for the material of the work material 7 is selected. If the material 7 to be cut is a difficult-to-cut material, a ceramic cutting tool 26 is selected for heat cutting.

The work part 20 includes a table 28 to which the base material 3 of the work material is fixed. A machining head 25 to which a cutting tool 26 is attached faces the substrate 3 attached to a table 28 from above and performs respective operations. A region in which the machining head 25 operates is simply referred to as an operating region.

The structure for realizing the movement of the cutting tool for cutting can be realized in addition to the movement of the machining head 25 described above. For example, the machining head 25 may have an actuator inside to change the angle of the cutting tool. Further, for example, the cutting tool may move relative to the work material by moving the table 28 described above. In the following example, the case where the machining head 25 moves will be described.

<Heating unit 30>
The heating unit 30 maintains the heated state in the heating cutting process.

The heating unit 30 includes a high-frequency power source 31 that outputs a high-frequency current, a high-frequency oscillator 33 that outputs the high-frequency current output from the high-frequency power source 31 as a high-frequency current of a desired frequency, and a high-frequency current output from the high-frequency oscillator 33. A high frequency coil 35 is provided. The high-frequency power source 31 , the high-frequency oscillator 33 and the high-frequency coil 35 are parts directly involved in heating the base material 3 and the work material 7 .

When a high-frequency current flows through the high-frequency coil 35, a magnetic field is formed, and a high-density eddy current is generated near the surface of the object to be heated placed within the range of this magnetic field, and the Joule heat causes the object to be heated. The objects to be heated here are the base material 3 and the work material 7 .

The heating unit 30 further includes a chiller 36 and a temperature controller 37. A chiller 36 circulates a cooling medium in the high frequency oscillator 33 , and a temperature controller 37 adjusts the temperature of the high frequency power supply 31 . By providing the chiller 36 and the temperature controller 37, the heating unit 30 can operate stably without overheating. Although not shown, the heating section 30 may comprise means for cooling other parts, such as the table 28 of the working section 20 .

In this embodiment, an example of heating the work material and base material by high-frequency induction heating is shown, but heating may be performed by, for example, a semiconductor laser. Either one may be used, or both may be used in combination, such as heating the entire work material by high-frequency induction heating and heating the vicinity of the work point by a semiconductor laser.

<Control unit 40>
The control unit 40 controls operations of the working unit 20 and the heating unit 30 . An example of the control unit 40 is a CNC (Computerized Numerical Control) device. Regarding the operation of the working section 20, the control section 40 controls the operations of the machining head 25 and the cutting tool 26 in order to move the machining head 25 into the operation area and perform a predetermined cutting process. After the predetermined cutting process is completed, the control unit 40 retracts the machining head 25 . The movement of the machining head 25 is controlled by the operation of the actuator that moves the spindle 21 based on the NC program (data describing at least the trajectory and rotation speed of the cutting tool) stored in the control unit 40.

The control unit 40 includes, for example, a first temperature sensor 41 and a second temperature sensor 43 in order to realize an appropriate heating temperature by the heating unit 30. A first temperature sensor 41 measures the temperature directly above the workpiece 7 and a second temperature sensor 43 is arranged to measure the temperature of the substrate 3 . The control section 40 controls the operation of the heating section 30 based on the temperatures monitored by these temperature sensors.

It should be noted that the work material 7 is cooled after the cutting process is completed. When the cooling process starts, the current supply to the high frequency coil 35 is stopped. Alternatively, if it is desired to set the cooling rate, it is also possible to supply the required current to the high-frequency coil 35 . Note that the controller that controls the temperature of the heating unit 30 and the controller that controls the above-described cutting process may be configured as separate controllers.

Next, the cutting method of this embodiment will be described.

A flowchart of the heat cutting process is shown in Fig. 3. Although it is conceivable that the heat cutting process is controlled by the control unit 40 , part or all of each step may be performed by the user of the cutting device 1 . First, the work material 7 is heated by the heating unit 30 (S01). At this time, it is preferable to heat the substrate 3 as well. Subsequently, in the working section 20, cooling air is supplied to the holder 27 to air-cool the holder 27 (S02). Subsequently, heating cutting is performed in a state where the holder 27 is cooled while maintaining the heated state of the work material 7 (S03). When the heat cutting is completed (S04), the heating of the work material 7 is stopped (S05), and then the supply of cooling air to the holder 27 is stopped (S06). The cooling air may be continuously supplied until the temperature of the holder 27 returns to room temperature. This is because if the heated holder 27 is stored in the tool magazine of the working section 20 by an automatic changer (ATC) of the working section 20, it may cause a fire or burns by the user. Conversely, the supply of cooling air may be interrupted while the cutting tool 26 is away from the work piece 7 . As a result, the possibility that the cooling air is unnecessarily discharged near the work material 7 can be suppressed.

<Holder>
Next, the holder in this embodiment will be described.

A cross-sectional view of one configuration example of the holder 27 is shown in FIG. An automatic changer (ATC) manipulator grip portion 51 is provided on the outer periphery of the holder 27. When the holder 27 is attached to the machining head 25, the upper portion of the manipulator grip portion 51 is inserted into the machining head 25, A lower portion than the manipulator grip portion 51 is exposed. A portion above the manipulator gripping portion 51 is called a shank portion 59 . When the holder 27 is attached, the shank portion 59 contacts the machining head 25 . In the description of the present embodiment, the upper side and the lower side of the holder 27 are defined based on the state in which the holder 27 is attached to the machining head 25 . The holder 27 is provided with a tool insertion portion 52 which is open at the bottom and into which the cutting tool 26 is inserted, and a center through 53 which is open at the top and into which air for cooling the holder 27 is introduced. The center through 53 has a cylindrical shape with a gas stop 54 as a bottom surface. Further, a gas flow path 55 is provided from an opening in the inner wall of the center through 53 to an opening (exhaust port) 55d in the outer wall 55e of the holder. Cool the holder 27 while passing through. In this example, the gas flow paths 55 are provided at two symmetrical locations. For example, three or more gas flow paths may be provided radially. The flow of cooling air in holder 27 is shown as arrows 70 . The holder 27 has a shape having a longitudinal direction up and down, and the longitudinal direction corresponds to a direction parallel to the rotation axis around which the machining head 25 rotates the holder 27 .

The holder is made of steel and has a coefficient of thermal expansion of 6×10 ⁶ /° C. or more. It is about 10 ⁶ /°C. Therefore, the coefficient of thermal expansion of the material of the holder is higher than that of the cutting tool. For this reason, the heat in the heating and cutting process is transferred to the holder, which reduces the gripping force of the cutting tool, and the cutting tool may fall out of the holder. For this reason, the holder 27 may be provided with a gas flow path for cooling the holder as in Patent Document 2. However, when cutting a work material having a height (depth) as shown in FIG. 2, in the conventional holder, the cooling air discharged from the holder 27 may hit and cool the work material. There is In this case, the heating of the work material 7 by the heating unit 30 is hindered, and the effect of the heat cutting process is hindered. On the other hand, in the holder of this embodiment disclosed in FIGS. 4 to 7, the cooling air discharged from the discharge port 55d to the outside of the holder does not hit the workpiece 7 or the cutting tool 26, thus preventing cooling. can be done.

In the heating and cutting process, the area around the tool insertion portion 52 into which the cutting tool 26 is inserted is a region that needs to be cooled from the viewpoint of preventing the tool from falling off. It is necessary to avoid hitting the work material as much as possible. More specifically, the positions on the workpiece where such cooling should be avoided are the cutting point that is currently being cut, the area that will become the cutting point within a predetermined period of time, and the surrounding area. The size of this "predetermined time" and "periphery" depends on the temperature and flow rate of the cooling air, the thermal conductivity of the work material, the type of cutting tool, moving speed and number of rotations (related to frictional heat), heating Although it is considered to be related to the heating capacity of the part 30, since the number of revolutions of the cutting tool changes during the cutting process, accurate estimation of the predetermined time and the size of the circumference requires trial and error for each type of cutting tool. need. Therefore, it is important to prevent the cooling air from hitting the work material in order to perform heat cutting more easily.

For this reason, the gas flow path 55 is preferably composed of the following partial flow paths as in the present embodiment.

First partial flow path 55 a : a partial flow path connected to the center through 53 and extending in the longitudinal direction of the holder 27 . Cooling air flows from above to below in the partial channel. When viewed with respect to the rotation axis of the holder 27 , the partial flow path preferably extends downward from at least the upper end of the tool insertion portion 52 . By doing so, the part of the holder 27 (specifically, the part of the holder 27 located beside the tool insertion portion 52) responsible for holding the cutting tool 26 can be efficiently cooled. and reduces the decrease in holding force of the cutting tool 26.

Second partial flow path 55b: a partial flow path that is connected to the discharge port 55d and extends in the longitudinal direction of the holder 27. Cooling air flows from below to above in the partial channel.

Return partial flow path 55c: A partial flow path that is connected to the first partial flow path 55a and the second partial flow path 55b and turns the flow of cooling air upward from below.

It should be noted that the discharge port 55d in this specification refers to the end face where the gas flow path 55 is exposed to the outer wall 55e of the holder 27. The cooling air is discharged from the discharge port 55d not only in the surface direction of the discharge port 55d but also in the discharge direction determined by the extending direction of the second partial flow path 55b near the discharge port 55d.

It should be noted that the first partial flow path 55a does not need to be configured as a flow path whose entire flow path is parallel to the longitudinal direction, and may extend in the longitudinal direction as a whole. In the examples of FIGS. 4-7, it initially extends laterally and then in a direction parallel to the axis of rotation of the holder. Furthermore, the partial flow path may be a flow path that is slightly inclined from the longitudinal direction, and may include bent portions other than those described above.

Similarly, the second partial flow path 55b does not need to be configured as a flow path that is parallel to the longitudinal direction as a whole, and may extend in the longitudinal direction as a whole. In the examples of FIGS. 4 and 6, a portion defining the discharge direction of the cooling air (sometimes referred to as a discharge direction defining portion flow path) extends in the lateral direction in the vicinity of the discharge port 55d. Furthermore, the partial flow path may be a flow path that is slightly inclined from the longitudinal direction, and may include bent portions other than those described above. Further, the folded partial flow path 55c may be a portion where the first partial flow path 55a and the second partial flow path 55b of the modified example described above are connected.

By configuring the gas flow path 55 in this way, the air flow path is lengthened and the cooling effect is enhanced. In addition, since the outlet 55d opens at a position away from the work material, there is an effect that chips and the like are less likely to enter the gas flow path 55.

Although FIG. 4 shows an example in which two gas flow paths 55 are provided, a plurality of gas flow paths 55 may be provided. The cross-sectional shape and cross-sectional size of the path are not particularly limited. As the volume of the gas flow path 55 is increased, the amount of air that can be flowed through the gas flow path 55 is increased and the cooling efficiency of the holder 27 can be improved, while the rigidity of the holder 27 holding the cutting tool 26 is reduced. Therefore, it is necessary to design the gas flow path 55 to such an extent that the mechanical strength of the holder 27 is not impaired. In addition, in FIGS. 4 and 6, the discharge direction defining partial flow path of the second partial flow path 55b extends in the lateral direction so that the cooling air from the discharge port flows in the horizontal direction. It may be extended, or may be directed directly upward. As a result, the discharge direction of the cooling air can be directed upward. Examples thereof are shown in FIGS. 5 and 7, which will be described later.

As another embodiment of such a bent flow path, the holder 27 may be divided and manufactured. For example, in FIG. 4, the holder 27 may be manufactured as three parts by the upper dividing surface 56 and the lower dividing surface 57, and the three parts may be integrated by welding or the like. Here, the parts above the upper dividing surface 56 and the parts between the upper dividing surface 56 and the lower dividing surface 57 each have one L-shaped flow path, and the parts below the lower dividing surface 57 have the first flow path. An example is shown in which the channel is divided so as to include a U-shaped folded channel connecting the partial channel 55a and the second partial channel 55b. When joining by welding, the upper parting surface 56 and the lower parting surface 57 are respectively welding surfaces.

FIG. 5 shows another embodiment, and is a cross-sectional view of a structural example of the holder 27a using the gas flow path 55 and the cover 61. As shown in FIG. The configuration of the holder main body 50a except for the gas flow path 55 is the same as that of the holder main body 50 shown in FIG. In the holder 27a, the first partial flow path 55a of the gas flow path 55 is formed inside the holder main body portion 50a, while the second partial flow path 55b is formed between the outer wall 55e of the holder main body portion 50a and the cover 61. to form. In this configuration example, the folded partial flow path 55c is a portion that connects the first partial flow path 55a and the second partial flow path 55b. According to this configuration example, the flow path that needs to be formed in the holder body portion 50a is the first partial flow path (L-shaped flow path in FIG. 5) that does not have a flow path extending in the opposite direction. facilitating the manufacture of The cover 61 may be welded to the holder main body 50a, or may be screwed to be removable. Making the cover 61 removable facilitates cleaning of the gas flow path 55 .

As in the example of FIG. 4, the holder main body portion 50a may be divided and manufactured. For example, in FIG. 5, the holder main body portion 50a may be manufactured as two parts by the dividing surface 58, and the two parts may be integrated by welding or the like. Here, an example is shown in which the part above the dividing plane 58 and the part below the dividing plane 58 each include one L-shaped flow path. When joining by welding, the dividing surface 58 becomes the welding surface.

Furthermore, it is also possible to additionally manufacture the holder body portion 50a shown in FIG. 5 without dividing the holder body portion 50 shown in FIG. 4 by an additional manufacturing apparatus. Additive manufacturing is preferable in that the bent flow path can be integrally formed. As a material, it is preferable to use die steel which is excellent in hardness and thermal conductivity.

FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of another configuration example of the holder. In the configuration of FIG. 4, the center through 53 and the tool insertion portion 52 are separated by the gas stop 54, whereas the center through of the holder 27b does not have a gas stop, and the center through 53b is the tool insertion portion. It is different in that it is directly connected to 52b. In this configuration, the air introduced from the center through 53 is blocked by the cutting tool held by the holder 27b. This allows the cooling air to be used to cool the cutting tool 26 . Lowering the temperature of the cutting tool 26 can reduce the decrease in the hardness of the cutting tool itself, and thus has the advantage of increasing the difference in hardness between the cutting tool 26 and the work material 7 . Further, FIG. 7 shows an example in which the center through 53b and the tool insertion portion 52b are directly connected and the gas flow path 55 is provided with the cover 61 of FIG.

<Variation>
As described above, the present invention has been described with reference to examples and modifications. Various modifications can be made to the above-described embodiments and modifications without departing from the scope of the invention, and they can be used in combination. The heating and cutting device of the present invention may have an additive manufacturing function for executing an additive manufacturing process as in Patent Document 1. For example, the shaping section may be provided to shape the cut material as an additive product, and the heating section may be replaced to heat the additive product. The cutting method of the present invention can be applied to the processing portion using the holder of the present invention. Also, for example, it can be applied to incremental machining that does not require a mold. In the incremental machining, preheating can be applied by the heating unit to increase molding efficiency, but since heat other than frictional heat is applied, it is preferable to be able to cool the holder.

Also, in order to realize the complicated flow path 55, the holder 27 may be manufactured by additive manufacturing technology. Additionally, different materials may be used during the additive manufacturing of the holder 27 . For example, different materials may be used for the upper portion and the lower portion of the upper dividing surface 56 in FIG. Alternatively, different materials may be used for the upper portion and the lower portion of the dividing surface 58 in FIG. For example, for the portion below the upper dividing surface 56, a material having a thermal expansion coefficient lower than that of the material above the upper dividing surface may be used. The same applies to the example of the dividing surface in FIG.

In addition, when a plurality of parts are welded, the welding surface when manufacturing the holder 27 or the holder main body 50 is not limited to the form shown in FIG. 4 or FIG. At least one of the first partial flow path 55a, the second partial flow path 55b, and the folded partial flow path 55c should intersect with the welding surface. By doing so, it is possible to form these partial flow paths more easily from the surfaces to be welded surfaces of the respective parts.

Further, for example, the second partial flow path 55b may be omitted from the holder 27 depending on the cutting path and the shape and depth of the cutting material. Using FIGS. 5 and 7 as an example, the holder may be in a state in which the cover 61 is removed. In addition, the discharge direction defining partial flow path is not limited to the horizontal direction (in the case of the holders of FIGS. 5 and 7 with the cover 61 removed), and may extend below the horizontal direction as in Patent Document 2.

From the viewpoint of reducing the decrease in the holding force of the cutting tool 26, it is preferable to combine the material of the holder 27 and the material of the cutting tool 26 so that the difference in thermal expansion coefficient can be minimized. It is better to limit the materials. In the heat cutting, if the thermal expansion coefficient of the material of the holder 27 is higher than that of the material of the cutting tool 26, materials other than the steel and ceramics described above may be used. However, from the viewpoint of heat cutting technology, the cutting tool 26 is preferably made of ceramics (the material described in Patent Document 1).

1: heating cutting device, 3: base material, 7: work material, 10: housing, 11: door, 20: working part, 21: spindle, 25: machining head, 26: cutting tool, 27, 27a, 27b, 27c: holder, 28: table, 30: heating unit, 31: high frequency power supply, 33: high frequency oscillator, 35: high frequency coil, 36: chiller, 37: temperature controller, 40: control unit, 41: first temperature sensor, 43: second temperature sensor, 50, 50a: holder main body, 51: manipulator gripping portion, 52, 52b: tool insertion portion, 53: center through, 54: gas stop, 55: gas flow path, 55a: first Partial flow path 55b: Second partial flow path 55c: Turning partial flow path 55d: Discharge port 55e: Outer wall 56: Upper parting surface 57: Lower parting surface 58: Parting surface 59: Shank part , 61: cover, 70: flow of cooling air.

Claims

a work part that cuts a work material with a cutting tool held by a holder attached to a spindle or a machining head;
a heating unit that heats the work material;
a control unit;
a coefficient of thermal expansion of a material of the holder is higher than a coefficient of thermal expansion of a material of the cutting tool;
The holder has a gas flow path formed therein for cooling the holder with a cooling gas,
The control unit controls cutting of the work material by the cutting tool while the work material is heated by the heating unit, and controls supply of cooling gas to the holder during cutting. , a cutting device characterized by:
In claim 1,
The holder includes a center through through which the cooling gas is supplied, and an outlet for discharging the cooling gas to the outside of the holder,
The holder is attached to the main shaft or the machining head so that the longitudinal direction is parallel to the rotation axis that rotates the holder,
The gas flow path of the holder is
a first partial channel connected to the center through and extending in the longitudinal direction of the holder;
a second partial channel connected to the outlet and extending in the longitudinal direction of the holder;
a folded partial flow path connecting the first partial flow path and the second partial flow path;
A cutting device comprising:
In claim 2,
The holder has a holder main body and a cover removable from the holder main body,
A tool insertion portion into which the cutting tool is inserted, and the center through and the first partial flow path are formed in the holder main body,
The second partial channel and the outlet are formed between an outer wall of the holder main body and the cover,
A cutting device characterized by:
In any one of claims 1 to 3,
A cutting device, wherein the material of the cutting tool is ceramics.
A holder that is attached to a spindle or machining head and holds a cutting tool,
a tool insertion portion into which the cutting tool is inserted;
a center through through which a cooling gas is supplied from the spindle or the machining head;
a gas flow path through which the cooling gas flows;
a discharge port for discharging the cooling gas to the outside,
The holder is mounted on the spindle or the machining head so that the longitudinal direction is parallel to the axis of rotation of the spindle or the machining head that rotates the holder;
The gas flow path is
a first partial channel connected to the center through and extending in the longitudinal direction of the holder;
a second partial channel connected to the outlet and extending in the longitudinal direction of the holder;
a folded partial flow path connecting the first partial flow path and the second partial flow path;
A holder comprising:
In claim 5,
A holder, wherein the center through and the tool insertion portion are separated by a gas stop.
In claim 5,
A holder, wherein the center through and the tool insertion portion are directly connected.
In any one of claims 5 to 7,
A holder comprising a plurality of said gas flow paths.
In any one of claims 5 to 7,
The holder is formed of a plurality of parts, and has a welding surface that intersects with at least one of the first partial flow path, the second partial flow path, and the folded partial flow path,
A holder, wherein the plurality of parts are fixed at the welding surface.
In any one of claims 5 to 7,
a holder main body;
and a removable cover on the holder main body,
The tool insertion portion, the center through and the first partial flow path are formed in the holder main body,
The holder, wherein the second partial channel and the outlet are formed between an outer wall of the holder body and the cover.
In claim 10,
The holder main body is formed of a plurality of parts and has a welding surface that intersects with the first partial flow path,
A holder, wherein the plurality of parts are fixed at the welding surface.
A cutting method using a cutting apparatus comprising a working part for cutting a work material with a cutting tool held by a holder attached to a spindle or a machining head, a heating part for heating the work material, and a control part. and
The holder is made of a material having a coefficient of thermal expansion higher than that of the material of the cutting tool,
The heating unit heats the work material to be cut,
The working part supplies a cooling gas to the holder having a gas flow path formed therein during cutting of the work material by the cutting tool.
A cutting method characterized by:
In claim 12,
The holder includes a center through through which the cooling gas is supplied, and an outlet for discharging the cooling gas to the outside of the holder,
The holder is attached to the main shaft or the machining head so that the longitudinal direction is parallel to the rotation axis that rotates the holder,
The gas flow path of the holder is
a first partial channel connected to the center through and extending in the longitudinal direction of the holder;
a second partial channel connected to the outlet and extending in the longitudinal direction of the holder;
a folded partial flow path connecting the first partial flow path and the second partial flow path;
including
the cooling gas is supplied to the gas flow path via the center through;
A cutting method characterized by:
In claim 12 or 13,
The cutting method, wherein the material of the cutting tool is ceramics.