WO2023126016A2 - Optical display module and near-eye display apparatus - Google Patents

Optical display module and near-eye display apparatus Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023126016A2
WO2023126016A2 PCT/CN2023/074807 CN2023074807W WO2023126016A2 WO 2023126016 A2 WO2023126016 A2 WO 2023126016A2 CN 2023074807 W CN2023074807 W CN 2023074807W WO 2023126016 A2 WO2023126016 A2 WO 2023126016A2
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
optical
diffractive
combiner
reflective
layer
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PCT/CN2023/074807
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French (fr)
Chinese (zh)
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WO2023126016A3 (en
Inventor
兰富洋
关健
周兴
邵陈荻
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珠海莫界科技有限公司
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Publication of WO2023126016A2 publication Critical patent/WO2023126016A2/en
Publication of WO2023126016A3 publication Critical patent/WO2023126016A3/en

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
    • G02B27/01—Head-up displays

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of optical technology, more specifically, to an optical display module and a near-eye display device.
  • the optical display module (as shown in FIG. 1 ) of an AR near-eye display device is generally composed of two parts, including an optical engine 30 (or called an optical engine) and an optical combiner.
  • the optical machine 30 is composed of an image source and a projection lens, the image source is used to generate an image to be displayed, and the projection lens projects the image displayed by the image source to a specified distance.
  • the optical combiner can direct the signal light emitted by the optical machine 30 to the human eye 20 to form an image to be displayed on the retina; at the same time, the optical combiner has good transparency to the ambient light in the real world, and the light combined device, the human eye 20 can see the real world scene and the image projected by the optical machine 30 clearly at the same time.
  • the diffractive optical waveguide 10 has gradually become the preferred solution for optical combiners in AR near-eye display devices due to its advantages of thin thickness, light weight, and good light transmission.
  • the diffractive optical waveguide 10 is composed of a waveguide layer 11 and a diffractive microstructure on the surface of the waveguide layer 11 , the waveguide layer 11 is used to confine light in it for propagation.
  • the area near the optical machine 30 on the surface of the waveguide layer 11 is the in-coupling area, and the area close to the human eye 20 is the out-coupling area.
  • the diffractive microstructure 12 in the in-coupling area uses light diffraction to couple part of the signal light emitted by the optical machine 30 into the In the waveguide layer 11, these light beams are totally reflected in the waveguide layer 11 and transmitted to the outcoupling region close to the human eye 20, and the outcoupling region diffractive microstructure 13 uses light diffraction to couple the light transmitted in the waveguide layer 11 out of the waveguide layer 11.
  • the light coupled out of the waveguide layer 11 enters the human eye 20 to form an image to be displayed on the retina.
  • the diffractive microstructure 12 in the coupling-in area, only a small part of the light beam can travel in the direction of total reflection and can be transmitted in the waveguide layer 11 and reach the out-coupling area. Most of the light energy will be transmitted to the outside through the waveguide layer 11 (such as light beam b in FIG. 1 ), resulting in a great waste of energy.
  • the existing diffractive optical waveguide will not only lead to low brightness of the display image of the near-eye display device, but also cause a waste of power of the optical machine 30, which is not conducive to reducing the power consumption of the near-eye display device, thereby reducing the battery life of the system.
  • the purpose of the present invention is to provide an optical display module and a near-eye display device to solve the technical problems of low brightness of displayed images and waste of optical-mechanical power caused by the waste of most of the signal light emitted to the diffractive optical waveguide in the prior art .
  • the present invention provides an optical display module, comprising:
  • the optical machine is used to emit signal light
  • optical combiner includes a diffractive microstructure in the coupling area and a diffractive microstructure in the outcoupling area, the optical combiner is arranged on the light output side of the optical machine, and the installation position of the optical machine is the same as that of the optical machine The position correspondence of the diffractive microstructure in the coupling region;
  • a reflective device the reflective device is arranged on the side of the optical combiner away from the optical machine, and the position of the reflective device corresponds to the position of the diffractive microstructure in the coupling region, and the reflective device is used for The signal light transmitted through the optical combiner is transmitted back into the optical combiner.
  • the reflective device includes a first reflective layer
  • the first reflective layer is attached to the optical combiner
  • the first reflective layer is spaced apart from the light combiner.
  • the reflective device includes an optical element group, and the optical element group includes a second reflective layer and an optical element, and the second reflective layer and the optical element cooperate to transmit The signal light of the optical combiner is transmitted back into the optical combiner;
  • optical element and the optical combiner are arranged in close contact or at intervals;
  • the second reflective layer is disposed in close contact with the optical element or disposed at intervals.
  • the optical element includes a reflective prism, and the reflective prism is provided with a reflective surface, a first transmissive surface, and a second transmissive surface, and the first transmissive surface is located at the in-coupling region to diffract
  • the second reflective layer is arranged at the second transmissive surface; the signal light passing through the optical combiner enters the reflective prism, and is reflected to the second reflective prism through the reflective surface. a reflective layer, and the signal light is reflected back into the optical combiner through the second reflective layer;
  • the optical element includes a concave lens, the concave lens is arranged on the side of the optical combiner away from the optical machine, and the second reflective layer is arranged on the side of the concave lens away from the optical combiner; over said The signal light of the optical combiner is transmitted to the second reflective layer through the concave lens, and the signal light is reflected back into the optical combiner through the second reflective layer.
  • the optical combiner includes at least one diffractive optical waveguide, each of the diffractive optical waveguides includes a waveguide layer, a diffractive microstructure in a coupling region, and a diffractive microstructure in an outcoupling region, and the waveguide At least one side of the layer is provided with the in-coupling region diffractive microstructure, and at least one side of the waveguide layer is provided with the out-coupling region diffractive microstructure.
  • the optical combiner includes a plurality of diffractive optical waveguides, a plurality of diffractive optical waveguides are stacked, and adjacent diffractive optical waveguides are arranged at intervals, and the reflective device The diffractive optical waveguide arranged on the outermost side is away from the side of the optical machine.
  • the wavelengths of the optical signals transmitted between the plurality of diffractive optical waveguides are different, and a dichroic mirror is arranged between two adjacent diffractive optical waveguides.
  • the diffractive optical waveguide further includes at least one diffractive microstructure in the turning region, and the diffractive microstructure in the turning region is arranged on at least one side of the waveguide layer;
  • the diffractive optical waveguide also includes at least one layer of partial transflective film, at least one layer of the partial transflective film is arranged inside the waveguide layer and located between the diffractive microstructure in the turning region and the diffractive microstructure in the outcoupling region Area.
  • the optical display module further includes a transparent protective layer, the transparent protective layer is arranged on the side of the optical combiner away from the optical machine, and the reflective device is arranged on the either side of the transparent protective layer.
  • the present invention also provides a near-eye display device, including the above-mentioned optical display module.
  • a reflective device is arranged at the diffraction microstructure of the coupling region on the side of the optical combiner far away from the optical machine.
  • the signal light of the combiner is transmitted back to the diffraction microstructure in the coupling area, and is diffracted into the optical combiner, so that all the signal light emitted from the optical machine can enter the optical combiner, which greatly improves the display brightness of the image.
  • the user experience is improved; by setting the reflective device at the diffraction microstructure of the coupling area on the side of the optical combiner away from the optical machine, the optical signal emitted by the optical machine is fully utilized, and the utilization rate of light energy is improved.
  • the waste of light-mechanical power is avoided, and under the same display brightness condition, the power consumption of the display device is reduced, and the battery life is prolonged.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of an optical display module in the prior art
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an optical display module provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of the first reflective layer and the optical combiner provided by the embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of the first reflective layer and the optical combiner provided by an embodiment of the present invention provided at intervals;
  • Fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of the optical element group provided by the embodiment of the present invention including a second reflective film layer and a reflective prism;
  • Fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of an optical element group provided by an embodiment of the present invention including a second reflective film layer and a concave lens;
  • FIG. 7 is a first structural schematic diagram of an optical combiner provided by an embodiment of the present invention including a plurality of diffractive optical waveguides;
  • Fig. 8 is a structural schematic diagram 2 of an optical combiner provided by an embodiment of the present invention including a plurality of diffractive optical waveguides;
  • Fig. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of an optical combiner provided by an embodiment of the present invention including a plurality of diffractive optical waveguides and a dichroic mirror arranged between two adjacent diffractive optical waveguides;
  • Fig. 10 is a structural schematic diagram of a diffractive optical waveguide provided by an embodiment of the present invention including a diffractive microstructure in a turning region;
  • Fig. 11 is a schematic structural diagram of a diffractive optical waveguide provided by an embodiment of the present invention including a partial transflective film;
  • Fig. 12 is a first structural schematic diagram of an optical display module provided by an embodiment of the present invention including a transparent protective layer;
  • FIG. 13 is a second schematic diagram of the structure of the optical display module provided by the embodiment of the present invention including a transparent protective layer.
  • Optical display module 110.
  • Optical machine 120.
  • Optical combiner 121. Diffractive optical waveguide; 121a. First diffractive optical waveguide; 121b. Second diffractive optical waveguide; 121c. Third diffractive optical waveguide; 121d.
  • the present embodiment provides an optical display module 100, including: an optical machine 110, the optical machine 110 is used to emit signal light; an optical combiner 120, the optical combiner 120 includes a coupling area The diffractive microstructure 1212 and the outcoupling region diffractive microstructure 1213, the optical combiner 120 is arranged on the light output side of the optical machine 110, and the setting position of the optical machine 110 is the same as that of the incoupling region diffractive microstructure 1212
  • the position corresponds to: the reflective device 130, the reflective device 130 is arranged on the side of the optical combiner 120 away from the optical machine 110, and the setting position of the reflective device 130 is the same as that of the diffraction microstructure 1212 in the coupling region
  • the reflective device 130 is used to transmit the signal light transmitted through the optical combiner 120 back into the optical combiner 120 .
  • the working principle of the optical display module 100 provided in this embodiment is as follows:
  • the optical display module 100 In the optical display module 100 provided in this embodiment, only a small part of the signal light emitted by the optical machine 110 (such as the a/a' beam in FIG. A small part of the signal light from the optical combiner 120 is totally reflected by the optical combiner 120 and transmitted to the diffractive microstructure 1213 in the outcoupling region, and then transmitted to the human eye to form an image to be displayed on the retina. Most of the signal light (such as the b/b' beam in FIG. 2 ) transmitted through the optical combiner 120 will be transmitted back to the in-coupling region by the reflective device 130 through the diffraction microjunction.
  • the beneficial effects of the optical display module 100 provided in this embodiment are at least:
  • the reflective device 130 is provided at the diffractive microstructure 1212 in the coupling region of the light combiner 120 away from the optical machine 110, and the reflective device 130 is suitable for most light
  • the position of the diffractive microstructure 1212 in the coupling area of the combiner 120 which can transmit the signal light passing through the optical combiner 120 back to the diffractive microstructure 1212 in the coupling area, and be diffracted into the optical combiner 120, thereby realizing the optical signal from the optical combiner 120
  • the signal light emitted by the optical machine 110 can all enter the optical combiner 120, which greatly improves the display brightness of the image and improves the user experience; through the coupling area on the side of the optical combiner 120 away from the optical machine 110
  • the reflective device 130 is set at the diffractive microstructure 1212, which realizes the full use of the optical signal emitted by the optical machine 110, improves the utilization rate of light energy, avoids the waste of power of the optical machine 110, and reduces the display brightness under the same display brightness condition
  • the reflective device 130 includes a first reflective layer 131 .
  • the signal light transmitted through the optical combiner 120 is transmitted to the first reflective layer 131 and is reflected by the first reflective layer 131 and transmitted back to the diffractive microstructure 1212 in the in-coupling region, and is diffracted into the optical combiner 120, thereby realizing the transmission
  • the signal light from the optical combiner 120 is reused.
  • the first reflective layer 131 is attached to the optical combiner 120 .
  • the first reflective layer 131 is spaced apart from the optical combiner 120 .
  • the distance between the first reflective layer 131 and the optical combiner 120 is not greater than 3 mm.
  • the distance between the first reflective layer 131 and the optical combiner 120 is 1 mm.
  • the distance between the first reflective layer 131 and the optical combiner 120 is 2mm.
  • the distance between the first reflective layer 131 and the optical combiner 120 is 3mm.
  • the distance between the first reflective layer 131 and the optical combiner 120 is not limited to the above situation, and may also be other situations, which are not limited here.
  • the reflectivity of the first reflective layer 131 is 0% ⁇ 100%.
  • the reflectivity of the first reflective layer 131 is 50%-100%.
  • the reflectivity of the first reflective layer 131 is 80%.
  • the reflectivity of the first reflective layer 131 is 100%.
  • the reflectivity of the first reflective layer 131 is not limited to the above situation, and may also be other situations, which are not limited here.
  • the first reflective layer 131 is a metal reflective layer or a multilayer dielectric film reflective layer or a reflective grating layer or a metasurface structure that functions as a reflector. It should be understood that the first reflective layer 131 is not limited to the above situation, and may also be other situations, which are not limited here.
  • the reflective device 130 includes an optical element group 132, the optical element group 132 includes a second reflective layer 1321 and an optical element 1322, and the second reflective layer 1321 cooperates with the optical element 1322 Used to transmit the signal light passing through the optical combiner 120 back into the optical combiner 120; the optical element 1322 is arranged in close contact with the optical combiner 120 or arranged at a distance; the second reflective layer 1321 The optical element 1322 is attached or arranged at a distance.
  • the arrangement of the optical element 1322 can make the signal light transmitted through the optical combiner 120 be transmitted to the second reflective layer 1321, and after the signal light is reflected by the second reflective layer 1321, the signal light can be transmitted back to the optical combiner 120 through the optical element 1322 In other words, it ensures that as much signal light as possible can be reintroduced into the diffraction microstructure 1212 and diffracted into the light combiner 120; the setting of the optical element 1322 can also make the setting of the position of the second reflective layer 1321 Achieve diversity.
  • the optical element 1322 includes a reflective prism 1322a, the reflective prism 1322a is provided with a reflective surface 1322a1, a first transmissive surface 1322a2 and a second transmissive surface 1322a3, the first The transmission surface 1322a2 is located at the in-coupling region diffractive microstructure 1212, and the second reflective layer 1321 is located at the second transmission surface 1322a3; the signal light passing through the optical combiner 120 enters the reflective prism 1322a, and is reflected to the second reflective layer 1321 through the reflective surface 1322a1, and the signal light is reflected back into the optical combiner 120 through the second reflective layer 1321.
  • the setting of the reflective prism 1322a can make the signal light transmitted through the optical combiner 120 be transmitted to the second reflective layer 1321 through the function of the reflective prism 1322a, and then reflected by the second reflective layer 1321, the reflected light can be transmitted back to the light The combiner 120, thereby realizing full utilization of the optical signal.
  • the first transmissive surface 1322a2 is located at the diffractive microstructure 1212 in the coupling region of the optical combiner 120 and is attached to the optical combiner 120 .
  • the first transmissive surface 1322a2 is located in the in-coupling region of the optical combiner 120 with a diffractive microstructure It is arranged at 1212 and arranged parallel to and spaced apart from the optical combiner 120 , and the distance between the parallel and spaced settings can be adjusted and set according to actual conditions, which is not limited here.
  • the first transmissive surface 1322a2 is located at the diffractive microstructure 1212 in the coupling region of the optical combiner 120 and is inclined to the optical combiner 120, and the degree of inclination (inclination angle) of the inclined setting can be determined according to Adjust the settings according to the actual situation, and there is no limitation here.
  • the second reflective layer 1321 is disposed on the second transmissive surface 1322a3 and is disposed in close contact with the second transmissive surface 1322a3.
  • the second reflective layer 1321 is located at the second transmissive surface 1322a3 and is arranged parallel to and spaced apart from the second transmissive surface 1322a3, and the spacing between the parallel and spaced arrangements can be adjusted according to actual conditions, which is not limited here.
  • the second reflective layer 1321 is located at the second transmissive surface 1322a3 and arranged obliquely to the second transmissive surface 1322a3, and the inclination degree (inclination angle) of the inclination can be adjusted according to the actual situation, here No limit.
  • the optical element 1322 includes a concave lens 1322b, the concave lens 1322b is arranged on the side of the optical combiner 120 away from the optical machine 110, and the second reflective layer 1321 is located on the side of the concave lens 1322b away from the optical combiner 120; the signal light passing through the optical combiner 120 is transmitted to the second reflective layer 1321 through the concave lens 1322b, and the signal light then passes through the The second reflective layer 1321 reflects back into the light combiner 120 .
  • the setting of the concave lens 1322b can make the signal light transmitted through the optical combiner 120 be transmitted to the second reflective layer 1321 through the diffusion effect of the concave lens 1322b on the signal light, and after being reflected by the second reflective layer 1321, the reflected light passes through the concave lens 1322b The diffusion effect can be transmitted back into the optical combiner 120, so as to realize full utilization of the optical signal.
  • the concave lens 1322b is attached to the optical combiner 120 .
  • the concave lens 1322b is arranged in parallel with the optical combiner 120 at intervals, and the distance between the parallel intervals can be adjusted according to actual conditions, which is not limited here.
  • the concave lens 1322b and the optical combiner 120 are arranged obliquely, and the inclination degree (inclination angle) of the inclination arrangement can be adjusted according to actual conditions, which is not limited here.
  • the concave lens 1322b is attached to the second reflective layer 1321 .
  • the concave lens 1322b is arranged in parallel with the second reflective layer 1321 at intervals, and the parallel distance between them is The spacing of the interval settings can be adjusted and set according to the actual situation, and there is no limitation here.
  • the concave lens 1322b is inclined to the second reflective layer 1321, and the degree of inclination (inclination angle) of the inclination can be adjusted according to actual conditions, which is not limited here.
  • the reflectivity of the second reflective layer 1321 is 0% ⁇ 100%.
  • the reflectivity of the second reflective layer 1321 is 50%-100%.
  • the reflectivity of the second reflective layer 1321 is 80%.
  • the reflectivity of the second reflective layer 1321 is 100%.
  • the reflectivity of the second reflective layer 1321 is not limited to the above-mentioned situation, and may also be other situations, which are not limited here.
  • the second reflective layer 1321 is a metal reflective layer or a multi-layer dielectric film reflective layer or a reflective grating layer or a metasurface structure that plays a reflective role. It should be understood that the first reflective layer 131 is not limited to the above situation, and may also be other situations, which are not limited here.
  • the optical combiner 120 includes at least one diffractive optical waveguide 121, and each of the diffractive optical waveguides 121 includes a waveguide layer 1211, an in-coupling region diffractive microstructure 1212 and an outcoupling region diffractive microstructure 1213 At least one side of the waveguide layer 1211 is provided with the in-coupling region diffractive microstructure 1212 , and at least one side of the waveguide layer 1211 is provided with the outcoupling region diffractive microstructure 1213 .
  • the in-coupling region diffractive microstructure 1212 is disposed on a side of the waveguide layer 1211 close to the optical machine 110 .
  • the in-coupling region diffractive microstructure 1212 is disposed on a side of the waveguide layer 1211 away from the optical machine 110 .
  • both sides of the waveguide layer 1211 are provided with in-coupling region diffractive microstructures 1212 .
  • the outcoupling region diffractive microstructure 1213 is disposed on a side of the waveguide layer 1211 close to the optical machine 110 .
  • the outcoupling region diffractive microstructure 1213 is disposed on a side of the waveguide layer 1211 away from the optical machine 110 .
  • both sides of the waveguide layer 1211 are provided with outcoupling region diffractive microstructures 1213 .
  • the coupling-in region diffractive microstructure 1212 and the coupling-out region diffractive microstructure 1213 are arranged on the same side of the waveguide layer 1211, the coupling-in region diffractive microstructure 1212 and the coupling-out region diffractive microstructure 1213 are arranged at intervals or adjacently .
  • the optical combiner 120 includes a plurality of diffractive optical waveguides 121, a plurality of diffractive optical waveguides 121 are stacked, and between adjacent diffractive optical waveguides 121
  • the reflecting devices 130 are arranged at intervals, and the reflective devices 130 are arranged on the outermost side of the diffractive optical waveguide 121 away from the optical machine 110 .
  • the reflective device 130 is arranged in close contact with the outermost diffractive optical waveguide 121 (see FIG. 7 ) or interval settings (see Figure 8).
  • the optical combiner 120 includes two diffractive optical waveguides 121, respectively a first diffractive optical waveguide 121a and a second diffractive optical waveguide 121b, the first diffractive optical waveguide 121a and The second diffractive optical waveguide 121b is stacked, and the adjacent first diffractive optical waveguide 121a and the second diffractive optical waveguide 121b are spaced apart.
  • the first diffractive optical waveguide 121a is set close to the optical machine 110, and the second diffractive optical waveguide 121b is far away
  • the optical machine 110 is disposed, and the reflective device 130 is disposed on a side of the second diffractive optical waveguide 121b away from the first diffractive optical waveguide 121a.
  • the a/a' bundle of light in the first diffractive optical waveguide 121a is the signal light that directly enters the light guiding layer 1211 among the signal lights emitted by the optical machine 110, and the d/d' beam of light is the reflection device 130 reflected signal light.
  • the b/b' beam of light in the second diffractive optical waveguide 121b is the signal light that directly enters the light guiding layer 1211 among the signal lights emitted by the optical machine 110, and the c/c' beam of light is the reflection device 130 reflected signal light.
  • the wavelengths of the optical signals transmitted between a plurality of diffractive optical waveguides 121 are different, and two adjacent diffractive optical waveguides 121 are provided with dichroic Mirror 122.
  • the optical combiner 120 includes a plurality of diffractive optical waveguides 121, and the wavelengths of the respectively transmitted optical signals are different, a dichroic mirror 122 is arranged between two adjacent diffractive optical waveguides 121, and the dichroic mirror 122 is A device that reflects light waves in a certain wavelength range and transmits light waves in another wavelength range, so that the signal light transmitted by each layer of diffractive optical waveguide 121 can be recovered and reused separately.
  • the optical combiner 120 includes three diffractive optical waveguides 121, which are respectively the third diffractive optical waveguide 121c, the fourth diffractive optical waveguide 121d, and the fifth diffractive optical waveguide 121e, and the transmission in the third diffractive optical waveguide 121c
  • the wavelength range of light is ⁇ 0- ⁇ 1, the wavelength range of light transmitted in the fourth diffractive optical waveguide 121d is ⁇ 2- ⁇ 3, the wavelength range of transmitted light in the fifth diffractive optical waveguide 121e is ⁇ 4- ⁇ 5; the third diffractive optical waveguide 121c and A first dichroic mirror 122a is provided between the fourth diffractive optical waveguide 121d, a second dichroic mirror 122b is provided between the fourth diffractive optical waveguide 121d and the fifth diffractive optical waveguide 121e; the first dichroic mirror 122a The second dichroic mirror 122b transmits the light in ⁇ 4- ⁇ 5 and reflects the light in ⁇ 2- ⁇ 3.
  • the diffractive optical waveguide 121 further includes at least one diffractive microstructure 1214 in the turning region, and the diffractive microstructure 1214 in the turning region is disposed on at least one side of the waveguide layer 1211;
  • the diffractive optical waveguide 121 also includes at least one layer of partial transflective film 1215, and at least one layer of the partial transflective film 1215 is arranged inside the waveguide layer 1211 and located in the diffractive region in the turning area. Diffractive microstructure 1214 to the region of the outcoupling region diffractive microstructure 1213.
  • the in-coupling region diffractive microstructure 1212 uses the diffraction of light to couple part of the signal light emitted by the optical machine 110 into the waveguide layer 1211, and the turning region diffractive microstructure 1214 and the outcoupling region turning region diffractive microstructure 1214 can convert the A beam of light is split and expanded in two dimensions, so that a beam of light incident from the diffractive microstructure 1212 in the coupling region will be expanded into multiple beams after being transmitted and coupled out through the waveguide, that is, the exit pupil expands.
  • these light beams are transmitted to the diffractive microstructure 1213 in the outcoupling region through the diffractive microstructure 1214 in the turning region and totally reflected in the waveguide layer 1211 and then coupled out.
  • the setting of the partial transflective film 1215 can increase the light density on the transmission path, which is beneficial to improve the energy utilization rate and brightness uniformity of the outcoupling area.
  • both sides of the waveguide layer 1211 are provided with the diffractive microstructures 1214 in the turning region and the diffractive microstructures 1213 in the outcoupling region, and at the same time, a partial transflective film 1215 is provided inside the waveguide layer 1211, which can increase the transmission path more effectively.
  • the light density above is more conducive to improving the energy utilization rate and brightness uniformity of the outcoupling area.
  • the diffractive optical waveguide 121 further includes a multi-layer partial transflective film 1215, and the multi-layer partial transflective film 1215 is stacked in sequence.
  • the optical display module 100 further includes a transparent protective layer 140 , and the transparent protective layer 140 is arranged on the optical combiner 120 away from the optical machine 110 One side of the reflective device 130 is disposed on either side of the transparent protective layer 140 .
  • the transparent protective layer 140 is used to protect the entire optical display module 100 from being damaged.
  • the reflective device 130 is arranged on the side of the transparent protective layer 140 away from the optical combiner 120, and the transparent protective layer 140 is attached to the optical combiner 120 or arranged at a distance, and the reflective device 130 is attached to the transparent protective layer 140 setting or interval setting.
  • the reflective device 130 is disposed on the side of the transparent protective layer 140 close to the optical combiner 120, and the transparent protective layer 140 is spaced apart from the optical combiner 120, and the reflective device 130 and the optical combiner 120 are arranged in close contact or at intervals .
  • the transparent protective layer 140 may be made of glass or resin transparent material. It should be understood that the material of the transparent protective layer 140 is not limited to the above materials, and may also be other materials, which are not limited here.
  • This embodiment also provides a near-eye display device, including the above-mentioned optical display module 100 . Since the structure of the optical display module 100 has been described in detail above, it will not be repeated here.
  • this embodiment provides an optical display module 100, including: an optical machine 110, the optical machine 110 is used to emit signal light; an optical combiner 120, the optical combiner 120 includes a coupling area Diffraction micro Structure 1212 and outcoupling region diffractive microstructure 1213, the optical combiner 120 is arranged on the light output side of the optical machine 110, and the setting position of the optical machine 110 corresponds to the position of the incoupling region diffractive microstructure 1212
  • the reflective device 130, the reflective device 130 is arranged on the side of the optical combiner 120 away from the optical machine 110, and the setting position of the reflective device 130 corresponds to the position of the diffraction microstructure 1212 in the coupling region , the reflective device 130 is used to transmit the signal light transmitted through the optical combiner 120 back into the optical combiner 120 .
  • This embodiment also provides a near-eye display device, including the above-mentioned optical display module 100 .
  • the reflective device 130 is provided at the diffractive microstructure 1212 in the coupling region of the optical combiner 120 on the side away from the optical machine 110, and the reflective device 130 is suitable for The in-coupling region diffraction microstructure 1212 positions of most of the optical combiners 120, which can transmit the signal light passing through the optical combiner 120 back to the in-coupling region diffraction microstructure 1212, and be diffracted into the optical combiner 120, In this way, the signal light emitted from the optical machine 110 can all enter the optical combiner 120, which greatly improves the display brightness of the image and improves the user experience;
  • the reflective device 130 is set at the diffractive microstructure 1212 in the in-coupling region, which realizes the full use of the optical signal emitted by the optical machine 110, improves the utilization rate of light energy, and avoids the waste of power of the

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  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
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  • Diffracting Gratings Or Hologram Optical Elements (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of optics, and provides an optical display module and a near-eye display apparatus, the optical display module comprising: an optical instrument, the optical instrument being used for emitting signal light; an optical combiner, the optical combiner comprising an in-coupling region diffraction microstructure and an out-coupling region diffraction microstructure, the optical combiner being disposed on the light-emergent side of the optical instrument, and the arrangement position of the optical instrument corresponding to the position of the in-coupling region diffraction microstructure; and a reflection device, the reflection device being arranged on the side of the optical combiner furthest from the optical instrument, the arrangement position of the reflection device corresponding to the position of the in-coupling region diffraction microstructure, and the reflection device being used for transmitting the signal light transmitted through the optical combiner back into the optical combiner. The optical display module and near-eye display apparatus provided in the present invention greatly improve image display brightness and also increase the rate of utilisation of light energy, preventing waste of the power of the optical instrument and, in the same display brightness conditions, reducing the power consumption and extending the battery life of the display apparatus.

Description

一种光学显示模组以及近眼显示装置An optical display module and a near-eye display device 技术领域technical field
本发明涉及光学技术领域，更具体地说，是涉及一种光学显示模组以及近眼显示装置。The present invention relates to the field of optical technology, more specifically, to an optical display module and a near-eye display device.
背景技术Background technique
随着科技的发展，增强现实(AR)近眼显示装置的应用越来越广泛。AR近眼显示装置的光学显示模组(如图1所示)通常由两部分构成，包括光机30(或称为光引擎)和光组合器。其中，光机30由图像源和投影镜头组成，图像源用于生成待显示的图像，投影镜头将图像源所显示的图像投影到指定距离处。光组合器可将光机30出射的信号光定向传输至人眼20，在视网膜上形成待显示的图像；同时，光组合器对真实世界的环境光具有良好的透过性，透过光组合器，人眼20能够同时看清真实世界的景物和光机30投影的图像。With the development of science and technology, augmented reality (AR) near-eye display devices are more and more widely used. The optical display module (as shown in FIG. 1 ) of an AR near-eye display device is generally composed of two parts, including an optical engine 30 (or called an optical engine) and an optical combiner. Wherein, the optical machine 30 is composed of an image source and a projection lens, the image source is used to generate an image to be displayed, and the projection lens projects the image displayed by the image source to a specified distance. The optical combiner can direct the signal light emitted by the optical machine 30 to the human eye 20 to form an image to be displayed on the retina; at the same time, the optical combiner has good transparency to the ambient light in the real world, and the light combined device, the human eye 20 can see the real world scene and the image projected by the optical machine 30 clearly at the same time.
衍射光波导10因其厚度薄、重量轻、透光性好等优点，逐渐成为AR近眼显示装置中光组合器的优选方案。衍射光波导10由一层波导层11以及波导层11表面的衍射微结构组成，波导层11用于将光线束缚在其内进行传播。The diffractive optical waveguide 10 has gradually become the preferred solution for optical combiners in AR near-eye display devices due to its advantages of thin thickness, light weight, and good light transmission. The diffractive optical waveguide 10 is composed of a waveguide layer 11 and a diffractive microstructure on the surface of the waveguide layer 11 , the waveguide layer 11 is used to confine light in it for propagation.
波导层11表面靠近光机30处的区域为耦入区，靠近人眼20的区域为耦出区，耦入区衍射微结构12利用光的衍射，将光机30出射的部分信号光耦合入波导层11内，这些光束在波导层11内发生全反射并传输至靠近人眼20的耦出区，耦出区衍射微结构13利用光的衍射将波导层11内传输的光耦合出波导层11，耦合出波导层11的光入射至人眼20，在视网膜上形成待显示的图像。但受衍射特性的限制，光机30出射的信号光被耦入区衍射微结构12衍射后，只有少部分光束的传播方向满足全反射条件、能够在波导层11内传输并到达耦出区被利用，大部分光能量将透过波导层11传输到外界(如图1中的光束b)，造成了极大的能量浪费。The area near the optical machine 30 on the surface of the waveguide layer 11 is the in-coupling area, and the area close to the human eye 20 is the out-coupling area. The diffractive microstructure 12 in the in-coupling area uses light diffraction to couple part of the signal light emitted by the optical machine 30 into the In the waveguide layer 11, these light beams are totally reflected in the waveguide layer 11 and transmitted to the outcoupling region close to the human eye 20, and the outcoupling region diffractive microstructure 13 uses light diffraction to couple the light transmitted in the waveguide layer 11 out of the waveguide layer 11. The light coupled out of the waveguide layer 11 enters the human eye 20 to form an image to be displayed on the retina. However, limited by the diffraction characteristics, after the signal light emitted by the optical machine 30 is diffracted by the diffractive microstructure 12 in the coupling-in area, only a small part of the light beam can travel in the direction of total reflection and can be transmitted in the waveguide layer 11 and reach the out-coupling area. Most of the light energy will be transmitted to the outside through the waveguide layer 11 (such as light beam b in FIG. 1 ), resulting in a great waste of energy.
可见，现有的衍射光波导不仅会导致近眼显示装置的显示图像亮度低，而且导致了光机30功率的浪费，不利于降低近眼显示装置的功耗，从而降低了系统的续航时间。 It can be seen that the existing diffractive optical waveguide will not only lead to low brightness of the display image of the near-eye display device, but also cause a waste of power of the optical machine 30, which is not conducive to reducing the power consumption of the near-eye display device, thereby reducing the battery life of the system.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明的目的在于提供一种光学显示模组以及近眼显示装置，以解决现有技术中出射至衍射光波导的大部分信号光被浪费，导致的显示图像亮度低、光机功率浪费的技术问题。The purpose of the present invention is to provide an optical display module and a near-eye display device to solve the technical problems of low brightness of displayed images and waste of optical-mechanical power caused by the waste of most of the signal light emitted to the diffractive optical waveguide in the prior art .
为实现上述目的，本发明采用的技术方案是：In order to achieve the above object, the technical scheme adopted in the present invention is:
一方面，本发明提供一种光学显示模组，包括：In one aspect, the present invention provides an optical display module, comprising:
光机，所述光机用于出射信号光；an optical machine, the optical machine is used to emit signal light;
光组合器，所述光组合器包括耦入区衍射微结构和耦出区衍射微结构，所述光组合器设于所述光机的出光侧，且所述光机的设置位置与所述耦入区衍射微结构的位置对应；An optical combiner, the optical combiner includes a diffractive microstructure in the coupling area and a diffractive microstructure in the outcoupling area, the optical combiner is arranged on the light output side of the optical machine, and the installation position of the optical machine is the same as that of the optical machine The position correspondence of the diffractive microstructure in the coupling region;
反射器件，所述反射器件设于所述光组合器远离所述光机的一侧，且所述反射器件的设置位置与所述耦入区衍射微结构的位置对应，所述反射器件用于将透过所述光组合器的信号光传输回所述光组合器内。A reflective device, the reflective device is arranged on the side of the optical combiner away from the optical machine, and the position of the reflective device corresponds to the position of the diffractive microstructure in the coupling region, and the reflective device is used for The signal light transmitted through the optical combiner is transmitted back into the optical combiner.
根据上述所述的光学显示模组，所述反射器件包括第一反射层；According to the optical display module described above, the reflective device includes a first reflective layer;
所述第一反射层与所述光组合器贴合设置；The first reflective layer is attached to the optical combiner;
或者，所述第一反射层与所述光组合器间隔设置。Alternatively, the first reflective layer is spaced apart from the light combiner.
根据上述所述的光学显示模组，所述反射器件包括光学元件组，所述光学元件组包括第二反射层和光学元件，所述第二反射层和所述光学元件配合用于将透过所述光组合器的信号光传输回所述光组合器内；According to the above-mentioned optical display module, the reflective device includes an optical element group, and the optical element group includes a second reflective layer and an optical element, and the second reflective layer and the optical element cooperate to transmit The signal light of the optical combiner is transmitted back into the optical combiner;
所述光学元件与所述光组合器贴合设置或者间隔设置；The optical element and the optical combiner are arranged in close contact or at intervals;
所述第二反射层与所述光学元件贴合设置或者间隔设置。The second reflective layer is disposed in close contact with the optical element or disposed at intervals.
根据上述所述的光学显示模组，所述光学元件包括反射棱镜，所述反射棱镜设有反射面、第一透射面以及第二透射面，所述第一透射面位于所述耦入区衍射微结构处设置，所述第二反射层位于所述第二透射面处设置；透过所述光组合器的信号光进入所述反射棱镜内，并通过所述反射面反射至所述第二反射层，信号光再经过所述第二反射层反射回所述光组合器内；According to the above-mentioned optical display module, the optical element includes a reflective prism, and the reflective prism is provided with a reflective surface, a first transmissive surface, and a second transmissive surface, and the first transmissive surface is located at the in-coupling region to diffract The second reflective layer is arranged at the second transmissive surface; the signal light passing through the optical combiner enters the reflective prism, and is reflected to the second reflective prism through the reflective surface. a reflective layer, and the signal light is reflected back into the optical combiner through the second reflective layer;
或者，所述光学元件包括凹透镜，所述凹透镜设于所述光组合器远离所述光机的一侧，所述第二反射层设于所述凹透镜远离所述光组合器的一侧；透过所述 光组合器的信号光通过所述凹透镜传输至所述第二反射层，信号光再经过所述第二反射层反射回所述光组合器内。Or, the optical element includes a concave lens, the concave lens is arranged on the side of the optical combiner away from the optical machine, and the second reflective layer is arranged on the side of the concave lens away from the optical combiner; over said The signal light of the optical combiner is transmitted to the second reflective layer through the concave lens, and the signal light is reflected back into the optical combiner through the second reflective layer.
根据上述所述的光学显示模组，所述光组合器包括至少一个衍射光波导，每一所述衍射光波导包括波导层、耦入区衍射微结构以及耦出区衍射微结构，所述波导层的至少一侧设有所述耦入区衍射微结构，所述波导层的至少一侧设有所述耦出区衍射微结构。According to the optical display module described above, the optical combiner includes at least one diffractive optical waveguide, each of the diffractive optical waveguides includes a waveguide layer, a diffractive microstructure in a coupling region, and a diffractive microstructure in an outcoupling region, and the waveguide At least one side of the layer is provided with the in-coupling region diffractive microstructure, and at least one side of the waveguide layer is provided with the out-coupling region diffractive microstructure.
根据上述所述的光学显示模组，所述光组合器包括多个衍射光波导，多个所述衍射光波导层叠设置，且相邻的所述衍射光波导之间间隔设置，所述反射器件设于最外侧的所述衍射光波导远离所述光机的一侧。According to the optical display module described above, the optical combiner includes a plurality of diffractive optical waveguides, a plurality of diffractive optical waveguides are stacked, and adjacent diffractive optical waveguides are arranged at intervals, and the reflective device The diffractive optical waveguide arranged on the outermost side is away from the side of the optical machine.
根据上述所述的光学显示模组，多个所述衍射光波导之间分别传输的光信号的波长不同，且相邻的两个所述衍射光波导之间设有二色向镜。According to the above-mentioned optical display module, the wavelengths of the optical signals transmitted between the plurality of diffractive optical waveguides are different, and a dichroic mirror is arranged between two adjacent diffractive optical waveguides.
根据上述所述的光学显示模组，所述衍射光波导还包括至少一个转折区衍射微结构，所述转折区衍射微结构设于所述波导层的至少一侧；According to the above-mentioned optical display module, the diffractive optical waveguide further includes at least one diffractive microstructure in the turning region, and the diffractive microstructure in the turning region is arranged on at least one side of the waveguide layer;
所述衍射光波导还包括至少一层部分透反膜，至少一层所述部分透反膜设于所述波导层内部、并位于所述转折区衍射微结构至所述耦出区衍射微结构的区域。The diffractive optical waveguide also includes at least one layer of partial transflective film, at least one layer of the partial transflective film is arranged inside the waveguide layer and located between the diffractive microstructure in the turning region and the diffractive microstructure in the outcoupling region Area.
根据上述所述的光学显示模组，所述光学显示模组还包括透明保护层，所述透明保护层设于所述光组合器远离所述光机的一侧，所述反射器件设于所述透明保护层的任一侧。According to the optical display module described above, the optical display module further includes a transparent protective layer, the transparent protective layer is arranged on the side of the optical combiner away from the optical machine, and the reflective device is arranged on the either side of the transparent protective layer.
另一方面，本发明还提供一种近眼显示装置，包括上述所述的光学显示模组。On the other hand, the present invention also provides a near-eye display device, including the above-mentioned optical display module.
本发明提供的光学显示模组以及近眼显示装置的有益效果至少在于：The beneficial effects of the optical display module and the near-eye display device provided by the present invention are at least:
本发明通过在光组合器远离光机的一侧的耦入区衍射微结构处设置反射器件，反射器件适用于大多数的光组合器的耦入区衍射微结构位置，其可以将透过光组合器的信号光传输回耦入区衍射微结构上，并被衍射进光组合器内，从而实现从光机出射的信号光可以全部进入光组合器内，极大地提高了图像的显示亮度，提高了用户的使用体验；通过在光组合器远离光机的一侧的耦入区衍射微结构处设置反射器件，实现了充分利用的光机出射的光信号，提高了光能量的利用率，避免了光机功率的浪费，在相同显示亮度条件下，降低了显示装置的功耗，延长了续航时间。 In the present invention, a reflective device is arranged at the diffraction microstructure of the coupling region on the side of the optical combiner far away from the optical machine. The signal light of the combiner is transmitted back to the diffraction microstructure in the coupling area, and is diffracted into the optical combiner, so that all the signal light emitted from the optical machine can enter the optical combiner, which greatly improves the display brightness of the image. The user experience is improved; by setting the reflective device at the diffraction microstructure of the coupling area on the side of the optical combiner away from the optical machine, the optical signal emitted by the optical machine is fully utilized, and the utilization rate of light energy is improved. The waste of light-mechanical power is avoided, and under the same display brightness condition, the power consumption of the display device is reduced, and the battery life is prolonged.
附图说明Description of drawings
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例中的技术方案，下面将对实施例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本发明的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the following will briefly introduce the accompanying drawings that need to be used in the descriptions of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the accompanying drawings in the following description are only of the present invention. For some embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art can also obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative effort.
图1为现有技术中的光学显示模组的结构示意图；FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of an optical display module in the prior art;
图2为本发明实施例提供的光学显示模组的结构示意图；2 is a schematic structural diagram of an optical display module provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
图3为本发明实施例提供的第一反射层与光组合器贴合设置的结构示意图；FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of the first reflective layer and the optical combiner provided by the embodiment of the present invention;
图4为本发明实施例提供的第一反射层与光组合器间隔设置的结构示意图；FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of the first reflective layer and the optical combiner provided by an embodiment of the present invention provided at intervals;
图5为本发明实施例提供的光学元件组包括第二反射膜层和反射棱镜的结构示意图；Fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of the optical element group provided by the embodiment of the present invention including a second reflective film layer and a reflective prism;
图6为本发明实施例提供的光学元件组包括第二反射膜层和凹透镜的结构示意图；Fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of an optical element group provided by an embodiment of the present invention including a second reflective film layer and a concave lens;
图7为本发明实施例提供的光组合器包括多个衍射光波导的结构示意图一；FIG. 7 is a first structural schematic diagram of an optical combiner provided by an embodiment of the present invention including a plurality of diffractive optical waveguides;
图8为本发明实施例提供的光组合器包括多个衍射光波导的结构示意图二；Fig. 8 is a structural schematic diagram 2 of an optical combiner provided by an embodiment of the present invention including a plurality of diffractive optical waveguides;
图9为本发明实施例提供的光组合器包括多个衍射光波导且相邻的两个衍射光波导之间设置二色向镜的结构示意图；Fig. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of an optical combiner provided by an embodiment of the present invention including a plurality of diffractive optical waveguides and a dichroic mirror arranged between two adjacent diffractive optical waveguides;
图10为本发明实施例提供的衍射光波导包括转折区衍射微结构的结构示意图；Fig. 10 is a structural schematic diagram of a diffractive optical waveguide provided by an embodiment of the present invention including a diffractive microstructure in a turning region;
图11为本发明实施例提供的衍射光波导包括部分透反膜的结构示意图；Fig. 11 is a schematic structural diagram of a diffractive optical waveguide provided by an embodiment of the present invention including a partial transflective film;
图12为本发明实施例提供的光学显示模组包括透明保护层的结构示意图一；Fig. 12 is a first structural schematic diagram of an optical display module provided by an embodiment of the present invention including a transparent protective layer;
图13为本发明实施例提供的光学显示模组包括透明保护层的结构示意图二。FIG. 13 is a second schematic diagram of the structure of the optical display module provided by the embodiment of the present invention including a transparent protective layer.
其中，图中各附图标记：Wherein, each reference sign in the figure:
100、光学显示模组；110、光机；120、光组合器；121、衍射光波导；121a、第一衍射光波导；121b、第二衍射光波导；121c、第三衍射光波导；121d、第四衍射光波导；121e、第五衍射光波导；1211、波导层；1212、耦入区衍射微结构；1213、耦出区衍射微结构；1214、转折区衍射微结构；1215、部分透反膜；122、二色向镜；122a、第一二色向镜；122b、第二二色向镜；130、反射器件；131、第一反射层；132、光学元件组；1321、第二反射层；1322、光学元件；1322a、 反射棱镜；1322a1、反射面；1322a2、第一透射面；1322a3、第二透射面；1322b、凹透镜；140、透明保护层。100. Optical display module; 110. Optical machine; 120. Optical combiner; 121. Diffractive optical waveguide; 121a. First diffractive optical waveguide; 121b. Second diffractive optical waveguide; 121c. Third diffractive optical waveguide; 121d. The fourth diffractive optical waveguide; 121e, the fifth diffractive optical waveguide; 1211, the waveguide layer; 1212, the diffractive microstructure in the coupling region; 1213, the diffractive microstructure in the outcoupling region; 1214, the diffractive microstructure in the turning region; Film; 122, dichroic mirror; 122a, first dichroic mirror; 122b, second dichroic mirror; 130, reflective device; 131, first reflective layer; 132, optical element group; 1321, second reflector layer; 1322, optical element; 1322a, Reflecting prism; 1322a1, reflecting surface; 1322a2, first transmitting surface; 1322a3, second transmitting surface; 1322b, concave lens; 140, transparent protective layer.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
为了使本发明所要解决的技术问题、技术方案及有益效果更加清楚明白，以下结合附图及实施例，对本发明进行进一步详细说明。应当理解，此处所描述的具体实施例仅用以解释本发明，并不用于限定本发明。In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and beneficial effects to be solved by the present invention clearer, the present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described here are only used to explain the present invention, not to limit the present invention.
需要说明的是，当部件被称为“固定于”或“设置于”另一个部件，它可以直接或者间接位于该另一个部件上。当一个部件被称为“连接于”另一个部件，它可以是直接或者间接连接至该另一个部件上。术语“上”、“下”、“左”、“右”、“前”、“后”、“竖直”、“水平”、“顶”、“底”、“内”、“外”等指示的方位或位置为基于附图所示的方位或位置，仅是为了便于描述，不能理解为对本技术方案的限制。术语“第一”、“第二”仅用于便于描述目的，而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性或者隐含指明技术特征的数量。“多个”的含义是两个或两个以上，除非另有明确具体的限定。It should be noted that when a component is referred to as being “fixed on” or “disposed on” another component, it may be directly or indirectly located on the other component. When an element is referred to as being "connected to" another element, it can be directly or indirectly connected to the other element. The terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "front", "rear", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc. The indicated orientation or position is based on the orientation or position shown in the drawings, and is only for convenience of description, and should not be understood as a limitation on the technical solution. The terms "first" and "second" are only used for descriptive purposes, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the quantity of technical features. "Plurality" means two or more, unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.
请参阅图2，本实施例提供了一种光学显示模组100，包括：光机110，所述光机110用于出射信号光；光组合器120，所述光组合器120包括耦入区衍射微结构1212和耦出区衍射微结构1213，所述光组合器120设于所述光机110的出光侧，且所述光机110的设置位置与所述耦入区衍射微结构1212的位置对应；反射器件130，所述反射器件130设于所述光组合器120远离所述光机110的一侧，且所述反射器件130的设置位置与所述耦入区衍射微结构1212的位置对应，所述反射器件130用于将透过所述光组合器120的信号光传输回所述光组合器120内。Please refer to FIG. 2, the present embodiment provides an optical display module 100, including: an optical machine 110, the optical machine 110 is used to emit signal light; an optical combiner 120, the optical combiner 120 includes a coupling area The diffractive microstructure 1212 and the outcoupling region diffractive microstructure 1213, the optical combiner 120 is arranged on the light output side of the optical machine 110, and the setting position of the optical machine 110 is the same as that of the incoupling region diffractive microstructure 1212 The position corresponds to: the reflective device 130, the reflective device 130 is arranged on the side of the optical combiner 120 away from the optical machine 110, and the setting position of the reflective device 130 is the same as that of the diffraction microstructure 1212 in the coupling region Corresponding to the position, the reflective device 130 is used to transmit the signal light transmitted through the optical combiner 120 back into the optical combiner 120 .
本实施例提供的光学显示模组100的工作原理如下：The working principle of the optical display module 100 provided in this embodiment is as follows:
本实施例提供的光学显示模组100，光机110出射的只有少部分信号光(例如图2中的a/a’束光)通过耦入区衍射微结构1212后进入光组合器120，进入光组合器120的少部分信号光通过光组合器120全反射传输至耦出区衍射微结构1213，并传输至人眼，在视网膜上形成待显示的图像。而透过光组合器120的大部分信号光(例如图2中的b/b’束光)会被反射器件130传输回耦入区衍射微结 构1212上，并被衍射进光组合器120内，传输回的光信号再在光组合器120全反射传输至耦出区衍射微结构1213，并传输至人眼，在视网膜上形成待显示的图像。In the optical display module 100 provided in this embodiment, only a small part of the signal light emitted by the optical machine 110 (such as the a/a' beam in FIG. A small part of the signal light from the optical combiner 120 is totally reflected by the optical combiner 120 and transmitted to the diffractive microstructure 1213 in the outcoupling region, and then transmitted to the human eye to form an image to be displayed on the retina. Most of the signal light (such as the b/b' beam in FIG. 2 ) transmitted through the optical combiner 120 will be transmitted back to the in-coupling region by the reflective device 130 through the diffraction microjunction. structure 1212, and is diffracted into the optical combiner 120, and the transmitted optical signal is totally reflected in the optical combiner 120 and transmitted to the diffractive microstructure 1213 in the outcoupling area, and then transmitted to the human eye to form a display on the retina image.
本实施例提供的光学显示模组100的有益效果至少在于：The beneficial effects of the optical display module 100 provided in this embodiment are at least:
本实施例提供的光学显示模组100，通过在光组合器120远离所述光机110的一侧的耦入区衍射微结构1212处设置反射器件130，其反射器件130适用于大多数的光组合器120的耦入区衍射微结构1212位置，其可以将透过光组合器120的信号光传输回耦入区衍射微结构1212上，并被衍射进光组合器120内，从而实现从光机110出射的信号光可以全部进入光组合器120内，极大地提高了图像的显示亮度，提高了用户的使用体验；通过在光组合器120远离所述光机110的一侧的耦入区衍射微结构1212处设置反射器件130，实现了充分利用的光机110出射的光信号，提高了光能量的利用率，避免了光机110功率的浪费，在相同显示亮度条件下，降低了显示装置的功耗，延长了续航时间。In the optical display module 100 provided in this embodiment, the reflective device 130 is provided at the diffractive microstructure 1212 in the coupling region of the light combiner 120 away from the optical machine 110, and the reflective device 130 is suitable for most light The position of the diffractive microstructure 1212 in the coupling area of the combiner 120, which can transmit the signal light passing through the optical combiner 120 back to the diffractive microstructure 1212 in the coupling area, and be diffracted into the optical combiner 120, thereby realizing the optical signal from the optical combiner 120 The signal light emitted by the optical machine 110 can all enter the optical combiner 120, which greatly improves the display brightness of the image and improves the user experience; through the coupling area on the side of the optical combiner 120 away from the optical machine 110 The reflective device 130 is set at the diffractive microstructure 1212, which realizes the full use of the optical signal emitted by the optical machine 110, improves the utilization rate of light energy, avoids the waste of power of the optical machine 110, and reduces the display brightness under the same display brightness condition. The power consumption of the device prolongs the battery life.
在一较佳实施例中，请参阅图3和图4，所述反射器件130包括第一反射层131。透过光组合器120的信号光传输至第一反射层131并通过第一反射层131反射传输回耦入区衍射微结构1212上，并被衍射进光组合器120内，从而实现将透过光组合器120的信号光进行再利用。In a preferred embodiment, please refer to FIG. 3 and FIG. 4 , the reflective device 130 includes a first reflective layer 131 . The signal light transmitted through the optical combiner 120 is transmitted to the first reflective layer 131 and is reflected by the first reflective layer 131 and transmitted back to the diffractive microstructure 1212 in the in-coupling region, and is diffracted into the optical combiner 120, thereby realizing the transmission The signal light from the optical combiner 120 is reused.
在一较佳实施例中，请参阅图3，所述第一反射层131与所述光组合器120贴合设置。In a preferred embodiment, please refer to FIG. 3 , the first reflective layer 131 is attached to the optical combiner 120 .
在另一较佳实施例中，请参阅图4，所述第一反射层131与所述光组合器120间隔设置。In another preferred embodiment, please refer to FIG. 4 , the first reflective layer 131 is spaced apart from the optical combiner 120 .
可选的是，第一反射层131与光组合器120之间的间距不大于3mm。Optionally, the distance between the first reflective layer 131 and the optical combiner 120 is not greater than 3 mm.
可选的是，第一反射层131与光组合器120之间的间距为1mm。Optionally, the distance between the first reflective layer 131 and the optical combiner 120 is 1 mm.
可选的是，第一反射层131与光组合器120之间的间距为2mm。Optionally, the distance between the first reflective layer 131 and the optical combiner 120 is 2mm.
可选的是，第一反射层131与光组合器120之间的间距为3mm。Optionally, the distance between the first reflective layer 131 and the optical combiner 120 is 3mm.
应当理解的是，第一反射层131与光组合器120之间的间距并不限于为上述情形，还可以是其他情形，此处不作限制。It should be understood that the distance between the first reflective layer 131 and the optical combiner 120 is not limited to the above situation, and may also be other situations, which are not limited here.
可选的是，第一反射层131的反射率为0％～100％。Optionally, the reflectivity of the first reflective layer 131 is 0%˜100%.
可选的是，第一反射层131的反射率为50％～100％。 Optionally, the reflectivity of the first reflective layer 131 is 50%-100%.
可选的是，第一反射层131的反射率为80％。Optionally, the reflectivity of the first reflective layer 131 is 80%.
可选的是，第一反射层131的反射率为100％。Optionally, the reflectivity of the first reflective layer 131 is 100%.
应当理解的是，第一反射层131的反射率并不限于为上述情形，还可以是其他情形，此处不作限制。It should be understood that the reflectivity of the first reflective layer 131 is not limited to the above situation, and may also be other situations, which are not limited here.
可选的是，第一反射层131为金属反射层或者多层介质膜反射层或者反射光栅层或者起到反射作用的超表面结构。应当理解的是，第一反射层131并不限于为上述情形，还可以是其他情形，此处不作限制。Optionally, the first reflective layer 131 is a metal reflective layer or a multilayer dielectric film reflective layer or a reflective grating layer or a metasurface structure that functions as a reflector. It should be understood that the first reflective layer 131 is not limited to the above situation, and may also be other situations, which are not limited here.
在一较佳实施例中，所述反射器件130包括光学元件组132，所述光学元件组132包括第二反射层1321和光学元件1322，所述第二反射层1321和所述光学元件1322配合用于将透过所述光组合器120的信号光传输回所述光组合器120内；所述光学元件1322与所述光组合器120贴合设置或者间隔设置；所述第二反射层1321与所述光学元件1322贴合设置或者间隔设置。In a preferred embodiment, the reflective device 130 includes an optical element group 132, the optical element group 132 includes a second reflective layer 1321 and an optical element 1322, and the second reflective layer 1321 cooperates with the optical element 1322 Used to transmit the signal light passing through the optical combiner 120 back into the optical combiner 120; the optical element 1322 is arranged in close contact with the optical combiner 120 or arranged at a distance; the second reflective layer 1321 The optical element 1322 is attached or arranged at a distance.
光学元件1322的设置，可以使得透过光组合器120的信号光传输至第二反射层1321，信号光通过第二反射层1321反射后，信号光可以再通过光学元件1322传输回光组合器120内，也即确保了尽可能多的信号光能再次入射耦入区衍射微结构1212，并被衍射进光组合器120内；光学元件1322的设置，还可以使得第二反射层1321位置的设置实现多样性。The arrangement of the optical element 1322 can make the signal light transmitted through the optical combiner 120 be transmitted to the second reflective layer 1321, and after the signal light is reflected by the second reflective layer 1321, the signal light can be transmitted back to the optical combiner 120 through the optical element 1322 In other words, it ensures that as much signal light as possible can be reintroduced into the diffraction microstructure 1212 and diffracted into the light combiner 120; the setting of the optical element 1322 can also make the setting of the position of the second reflective layer 1321 Achieve diversity.
在一较佳实施例中，请参阅图5，所述光学元件1322包括反射棱镜1322a，所述反射棱镜1322a设有反射面1322a1、第一透射面1322a2以及第二透射面1322a3，所述第一透射面1322a2位于所述耦入区衍射微结构1212处设置，所述第二反射层1321位于所述第二透射面1322a3处设置；透过所述光组合器120的信号光进入所述反射棱镜1322a内，并通过所述反射面1322a1反射至所述第二反射层1321，信号光再经过所述第二反射层1321反射回所述光组合器120内。In a preferred embodiment, please refer to FIG. 5, the optical element 1322 includes a reflective prism 1322a, the reflective prism 1322a is provided with a reflective surface 1322a1, a first transmissive surface 1322a2 and a second transmissive surface 1322a3, the first The transmission surface 1322a2 is located at the in-coupling region diffractive microstructure 1212, and the second reflective layer 1321 is located at the second transmission surface 1322a3; the signal light passing through the optical combiner 120 enters the reflective prism 1322a, and is reflected to the second reflective layer 1321 through the reflective surface 1322a1, and the signal light is reflected back into the optical combiner 120 through the second reflective layer 1321.
反射棱镜1322a的设置，可以使得透过光组合器120的信号光可以通过反射棱镜1322a的作用全部传输至第二反射层1321，再通过第二反射层1321的反射后，反射光可以传输回光组合器120，从而实现充分的利用了光信号。The setting of the reflective prism 1322a can make the signal light transmitted through the optical combiner 120 be transmitted to the second reflective layer 1321 through the function of the reflective prism 1322a, and then reflected by the second reflective layer 1321, the reflected light can be transmitted back to the light The combiner 120, thereby realizing full utilization of the optical signal.
可选的是，所述第一透射面1322a2位于光组合器120的耦入区衍射微结构1212处设置并与光组合器120贴合设置。Optionally, the first transmissive surface 1322a2 is located at the diffractive microstructure 1212 in the coupling region of the optical combiner 120 and is attached to the optical combiner 120 .
可选的是，所述第一透射面1322a2位于光组合器120的耦入区衍射微结构 1212处设置并与光组合器120平行间隔设置，并且其平行间隔设置的间距可以根据实际情况进行调整设置，此处不作限制。Optionally, the first transmissive surface 1322a2 is located in the in-coupling region of the optical combiner 120 with a diffractive microstructure It is arranged at 1212 and arranged parallel to and spaced apart from the optical combiner 120 , and the distance between the parallel and spaced settings can be adjusted and set according to actual conditions, which is not limited here.
可选的是，所述第一透射面1322a2位于光组合器120的耦入区衍射微结构1212处设置并与光组合器120倾斜设置，并且其倾斜设置的倾斜程度(倾斜角大小)可以根据实际情况进行调整设置，此处不作限制。Optionally, the first transmissive surface 1322a2 is located at the diffractive microstructure 1212 in the coupling region of the optical combiner 120 and is inclined to the optical combiner 120, and the degree of inclination (inclination angle) of the inclined setting can be determined according to Adjust the settings according to the actual situation, and there is no limitation here.
可选的是，第二反射层1321位于第二透射面1322a3处设置并与第二透射面1322a3贴合设置。Optionally, the second reflective layer 1321 is disposed on the second transmissive surface 1322a3 and is disposed in close contact with the second transmissive surface 1322a3.
可选的是，第二反射层1321位于第二透射面1322a3处设置并与第二透射面1322a3平行间隔设置，并且其平行间隔设置的间距可以根据实际情况进行调整设置，此处不作限制。Optionally, the second reflective layer 1321 is located at the second transmissive surface 1322a3 and is arranged parallel to and spaced apart from the second transmissive surface 1322a3, and the spacing between the parallel and spaced arrangements can be adjusted according to actual conditions, which is not limited here.
可选的是，第二反射层1321位于第二透射面1322a3处设置并与第二透射面1322a3倾斜设置，并且其倾斜设置的倾斜程度(倾斜角大小)可以根据实际情况进行调整设置，此处不作限制。Optionally, the second reflective layer 1321 is located at the second transmissive surface 1322a3 and arranged obliquely to the second transmissive surface 1322a3, and the inclination degree (inclination angle) of the inclination can be adjusted according to the actual situation, here No limit.
在一较佳实施例中，请参阅图6，所述光学元件1322包括凹透镜1322b，所述凹透镜1322b设于所述光组合器120远离所述光机110的一侧，所述第二反射层1321设于所述凹透镜1322b远离所述光组合器120的一侧；透过所述光组合器120的信号光通过所述凹透镜1322b传输至所述第二反射层1321，信号光再经过所述第二反射层1321反射回所述光组合器120内。In a preferred embodiment, please refer to FIG. 6, the optical element 1322 includes a concave lens 1322b, the concave lens 1322b is arranged on the side of the optical combiner 120 away from the optical machine 110, and the second reflective layer 1321 is located on the side of the concave lens 1322b away from the optical combiner 120; the signal light passing through the optical combiner 120 is transmitted to the second reflective layer 1321 through the concave lens 1322b, and the signal light then passes through the The second reflective layer 1321 reflects back into the light combiner 120 .
凹透镜1322b的设置，可以使得透过光组合器120的信号光可以通过凹透镜1322b对信号光的扩散作用全部传输至第二反射层1321，通过第二反射层1321的反射后，反射光线经过凹透镜1322b的扩散作用可以传输回光组合器120内，从而实现充分的利用了光信号。The setting of the concave lens 1322b can make the signal light transmitted through the optical combiner 120 be transmitted to the second reflective layer 1321 through the diffusion effect of the concave lens 1322b on the signal light, and after being reflected by the second reflective layer 1321, the reflected light passes through the concave lens 1322b The diffusion effect can be transmitted back into the optical combiner 120, so as to realize full utilization of the optical signal.
可选的是，凹透镜1322b与光组合器120贴合设置。Optionally, the concave lens 1322b is attached to the optical combiner 120 .
可选的是，凹透镜1322b与光组合器120平行间隔设置，并且其平行间隔设置的间距可以根据实际情况进行调整设置，此处不作限制。Optionally, the concave lens 1322b is arranged in parallel with the optical combiner 120 at intervals, and the distance between the parallel intervals can be adjusted according to actual conditions, which is not limited here.
可选的是，凹透镜1322b与光组合器120倾斜设置，并且其倾斜设置的倾斜程度(倾斜角大小)可以根据实际情况进行调整设置，此处不作限制。Optionally, the concave lens 1322b and the optical combiner 120 are arranged obliquely, and the inclination degree (inclination angle) of the inclination arrangement can be adjusted according to actual conditions, which is not limited here.
可选的是，凹透镜1322b与第二反射层1321贴合设置。Optionally, the concave lens 1322b is attached to the second reflective layer 1321 .
可选的是，凹透镜1322b与第二反射层1321平行间隔设置，并且其平行间 隔设置的间距可以根据实际情况进行调整设置，此处不作限制。Optionally, the concave lens 1322b is arranged in parallel with the second reflective layer 1321 at intervals, and the parallel distance between them is The spacing of the interval settings can be adjusted and set according to the actual situation, and there is no limitation here.
可选的是，凹透镜1322b与第二反射层1321倾斜设置，并且其倾斜设置的倾斜程度(倾斜角大小)可以根据实际情况进行调整设置，此处不作限制。Optionally, the concave lens 1322b is inclined to the second reflective layer 1321, and the degree of inclination (inclination angle) of the inclination can be adjusted according to actual conditions, which is not limited here.
可选的是，第二反射层1321的反射率为0％～100％。Optionally, the reflectivity of the second reflective layer 1321 is 0%˜100%.
可选的是，第二反射层1321的反射率为50％～100％。Optionally, the reflectivity of the second reflective layer 1321 is 50%-100%.
可选的是，第二反射层1321的反射率为80％。Optionally, the reflectivity of the second reflective layer 1321 is 80%.
可选的是，第二反射层1321的反射率为100％。Optionally, the reflectivity of the second reflective layer 1321 is 100%.
应当理解的是，第二反射层1321的反射率并不限于为上述情形，还可以是其他情形，此处不作限制。It should be understood that the reflectivity of the second reflective layer 1321 is not limited to the above-mentioned situation, and may also be other situations, which are not limited here.
可选的是，第二反射层1321为金属反射层或者多层介质膜反射层或者反射光栅层或者起到反射作用的超表面结构。应当理解的是，第一反射层131并不限于为上述情形，还可以是其他情形，此处不作限制。Optionally, the second reflective layer 1321 is a metal reflective layer or a multi-layer dielectric film reflective layer or a reflective grating layer or a metasurface structure that plays a reflective role. It should be understood that the first reflective layer 131 is not limited to the above situation, and may also be other situations, which are not limited here.
在一较佳实施例中，所述光组合器120包括至少一个衍射光波导121，每一所述衍射光波导121包括波导层1211、耦入区衍射微结构1212以及耦出区衍射微结构1213，所述波导层1211的至少一侧设有所述耦入区衍射微结构1212，所述波导层1211的至少一侧设有所述耦出区衍射微结构1213。In a preferred embodiment, the optical combiner 120 includes at least one diffractive optical waveguide 121, and each of the diffractive optical waveguides 121 includes a waveguide layer 1211, an in-coupling region diffractive microstructure 1212 and an outcoupling region diffractive microstructure 1213 At least one side of the waveguide layer 1211 is provided with the in-coupling region diffractive microstructure 1212 , and at least one side of the waveguide layer 1211 is provided with the outcoupling region diffractive microstructure 1213 .
可选的是，耦入区衍射微结构1212设于波导层1211靠近光机110的一侧。Optionally, the in-coupling region diffractive microstructure 1212 is disposed on a side of the waveguide layer 1211 close to the optical machine 110 .
可选的是，耦入区衍射微结构1212设于波导层1211远离光机110的一侧。Optionally, the in-coupling region diffractive microstructure 1212 is disposed on a side of the waveguide layer 1211 away from the optical machine 110 .
可选的是，波导层1211的两侧均设有耦入区衍射微结构1212。Optionally, both sides of the waveguide layer 1211 are provided with in-coupling region diffractive microstructures 1212 .
可选的是，耦出区衍射微结构1213设于波导层1211靠近光机110的一侧。Optionally, the outcoupling region diffractive microstructure 1213 is disposed on a side of the waveguide layer 1211 close to the optical machine 110 .
可选的是，耦出区衍射微结构1213设于波导层1211远离光机110的一侧。Optionally, the outcoupling region diffractive microstructure 1213 is disposed on a side of the waveguide layer 1211 away from the optical machine 110 .
可选的是，波导层1211的两侧均设有耦出区衍射微结构1213。Optionally, both sides of the waveguide layer 1211 are provided with outcoupling region diffractive microstructures 1213 .
可选的是，耦入区衍射微结构1212和耦出区衍射微结构1213位于波导层1211的同侧设置时，耦入区衍射微结构1212和耦出区衍射微结构1213间隔设置或者邻接设置。Optionally, when the coupling-in region diffractive microstructure 1212 and the coupling-out region diffractive microstructure 1213 are arranged on the same side of the waveguide layer 1211, the coupling-in region diffractive microstructure 1212 and the coupling-out region diffractive microstructure 1213 are arranged at intervals or adjacently .
在一较佳实施例中，请参阅图7，所述光组合器120包括多个衍射光波导121，多个所述衍射光波导121层叠设置，且相邻的所述衍射光波导121之间间隔设置，所述反射器件130设于最外侧的所述衍射光波导121远离所述光机110的一侧。In a preferred embodiment, please refer to FIG. 7, the optical combiner 120 includes a plurality of diffractive optical waveguides 121, a plurality of diffractive optical waveguides 121 are stacked, and between adjacent diffractive optical waveguides 121 The reflecting devices 130 are arranged at intervals, and the reflective devices 130 are arranged on the outermost side of the diffractive optical waveguide 121 away from the optical machine 110 .
可选的是，反射器件130与最外侧的衍射光波导121贴合设置(请参阅图7) 或者间隔设置(请参阅图8)。Optionally, the reflective device 130 is arranged in close contact with the outermost diffractive optical waveguide 121 (see FIG. 7 ) or interval settings (see Figure 8).
可选的是，请参阅图7和图8，所述光组合器120包括两个衍射光波导121，分别为第一衍射光波导121a和第二衍射光波导121b，第一衍射光波导121a和第二衍射光波导121b层叠设置，且相邻的第一衍射光波导121a和第二衍射光波导121b之间间隔设置，第一衍射光波导121a靠近光机110设置，第二衍射光波导121b远离光机110设置，反射器件130设于第二衍射光波导121b的远离第一衍射光波导121a的一侧。图7和图8中，第一衍射光波导121a中的a/a’束光是光机110出射的信号光中直接进入导光层1211中的信号光，d/d’束光是反射器件130反射的信号光。图7和图8中，第二衍射光波导121b中的b/b’束光是光机110出射的信号光中直接进入导光层1211中的信号光，c/c’束光是反射器件130反射的信号光。Optionally, please refer to FIG. 7 and FIG. 8, the optical combiner 120 includes two diffractive optical waveguides 121, respectively a first diffractive optical waveguide 121a and a second diffractive optical waveguide 121b, the first diffractive optical waveguide 121a and The second diffractive optical waveguide 121b is stacked, and the adjacent first diffractive optical waveguide 121a and the second diffractive optical waveguide 121b are spaced apart. The first diffractive optical waveguide 121a is set close to the optical machine 110, and the second diffractive optical waveguide 121b is far away The optical machine 110 is disposed, and the reflective device 130 is disposed on a side of the second diffractive optical waveguide 121b away from the first diffractive optical waveguide 121a. In Fig. 7 and Fig. 8, the a/a' bundle of light in the first diffractive optical waveguide 121a is the signal light that directly enters the light guiding layer 1211 among the signal lights emitted by the optical machine 110, and the d/d' beam of light is the reflection device 130 reflected signal light. In Fig. 7 and Fig. 8, the b/b' beam of light in the second diffractive optical waveguide 121b is the signal light that directly enters the light guiding layer 1211 among the signal lights emitted by the optical machine 110, and the c/c' beam of light is the reflection device 130 reflected signal light.
在一较佳实施例中，请参阅图9，多个所述衍射光波导121之间分别传输的光信号的波长不同，且相邻的两个所述衍射光波导121之间设有二色向镜122。当光组合器120包括多个衍射光波导121时，且分别传输的光信号的波长不同时，在相邻的两个衍射光波导121之间设置二色向镜122，二色向镜122是一种对某一波长范围的光波反射、对另一波长范围光波透射的器件，从而实现对每一层衍射光波导121传输的信号光单独进行回收和再利用。In a preferred embodiment, please refer to FIG. 9 , the wavelengths of the optical signals transmitted between a plurality of diffractive optical waveguides 121 are different, and two adjacent diffractive optical waveguides 121 are provided with dichroic Mirror 122. When the optical combiner 120 includes a plurality of diffractive optical waveguides 121, and the wavelengths of the respectively transmitted optical signals are different, a dichroic mirror 122 is arranged between two adjacent diffractive optical waveguides 121, and the dichroic mirror 122 is A device that reflects light waves in a certain wavelength range and transmits light waves in another wavelength range, so that the signal light transmitted by each layer of diffractive optical waveguide 121 can be recovered and reused separately.
可选的是，所述光组合器120包括三个衍射光波导121，分别为第三衍射光波导121c、第四衍射光波导121d以及第五衍射光波导121e，第三衍射光波导121c内传输光的波长范围是λ0～λ1，第四衍射光波导121d内传输光的波长范围是λ2～λ3，第五衍射光波导121e内传输光的波长范围是λ4～λ5；第三衍射光波导121c与第四衍射光波导121d之间设有第一二色向镜122a，第四衍射光波导121d与第五衍射光波导121e之间设有第二二色向镜122b；第一二色向镜122a透射λ2～λ3和λ4～λ5内的光、反射λ0～λ1的光，第二二色向镜122b透射λ4～λ5内的光、反射λ2～λ3的光。Optionally, the optical combiner 120 includes three diffractive optical waveguides 121, which are respectively the third diffractive optical waveguide 121c, the fourth diffractive optical waveguide 121d, and the fifth diffractive optical waveguide 121e, and the transmission in the third diffractive optical waveguide 121c The wavelength range of light is λ0-λ1, the wavelength range of light transmitted in the fourth diffractive optical waveguide 121d is λ2-λ3, the wavelength range of transmitted light in the fifth diffractive optical waveguide 121e is λ4-λ5; the third diffractive optical waveguide 121c and A first dichroic mirror 122a is provided between the fourth diffractive optical waveguide 121d, a second dichroic mirror 122b is provided between the fourth diffractive optical waveguide 121d and the fifth diffractive optical waveguide 121e; the first dichroic mirror 122a The second dichroic mirror 122b transmits the light in λ4-λ5 and reflects the light in λ2-λ3.
在一较佳实施例中，请参阅图10，所述衍射光波导121还包括至少一个转折区衍射微结构1214，所述转折区衍射微结构1214设于所述波导层1211的至少一侧；请参阅图11，所述衍射光波导121还包括至少一层部分透反膜1215，至少一层所述部分透反膜1215设于所述波导层1211内部、并位于所述转折区衍 射微结构1214至所述耦出区衍射微结构1213的区域。耦入区衍射微结构1212利用光的衍射，将光机110出射的部分信号光耦合入波导层1211内，转折区衍射微结构1214和耦出区转折区衍射微结构1214可以将在其中传输的一束光线在两个维度上进行分束和扩展，这样从耦入区衍射微结构1212入射的一束光在经过波导传输和耦出后将被扩展成多个光束，即出瞳扩展。对于存在转折区衍射微结构1214的衍射光波导121，这些光束在波导层1211内经过转折区衍射微结构1214和全反射传输至耦出区衍射微结构1213并耦出。部分透反膜1215的设置，可以增加传输路径上的光线密度，有利于提升耦出区能量利用率和亮度均匀性。In a preferred embodiment, please refer to FIG. 10 , the diffractive optical waveguide 121 further includes at least one diffractive microstructure 1214 in the turning region, and the diffractive microstructure 1214 in the turning region is disposed on at least one side of the waveguide layer 1211; Please refer to FIG. 11 , the diffractive optical waveguide 121 also includes at least one layer of partial transflective film 1215, and at least one layer of the partial transflective film 1215 is arranged inside the waveguide layer 1211 and located in the diffractive region in the turning area. Diffractive microstructure 1214 to the region of the outcoupling region diffractive microstructure 1213. The in-coupling region diffractive microstructure 1212 uses the diffraction of light to couple part of the signal light emitted by the optical machine 110 into the waveguide layer 1211, and the turning region diffractive microstructure 1214 and the outcoupling region turning region diffractive microstructure 1214 can convert the A beam of light is split and expanded in two dimensions, so that a beam of light incident from the diffractive microstructure 1212 in the coupling region will be expanded into multiple beams after being transmitted and coupled out through the waveguide, that is, the exit pupil expands. For the diffractive optical waveguide 121 with the diffractive microstructure 1214 in the turning region, these light beams are transmitted to the diffractive microstructure 1213 in the outcoupling region through the diffractive microstructure 1214 in the turning region and totally reflected in the waveguide layer 1211 and then coupled out. The setting of the partial transflective film 1215 can increase the light density on the transmission path, which is beneficial to improve the energy utilization rate and brightness uniformity of the outcoupling area.
可选的是，波导层1211的两侧均设置转折区衍射微结构1214和耦出区衍射微结构1213，并同时在波导层1211的内部设置部分透反膜1215，可以更加有效的增加传输路径上的光线密度，更有利于提升耦出区能量利用率和亮度均匀性。Optionally, both sides of the waveguide layer 1211 are provided with the diffractive microstructures 1214 in the turning region and the diffractive microstructures 1213 in the outcoupling region, and at the same time, a partial transflective film 1215 is provided inside the waveguide layer 1211, which can increase the transmission path more effectively. The light density above is more conducive to improving the energy utilization rate and brightness uniformity of the outcoupling area.
可选的是，衍射光波导121还包括多层部分透反膜1215，多层部分透反膜1215依次层叠设置。Optionally, the diffractive optical waveguide 121 further includes a multi-layer partial transflective film 1215, and the multi-layer partial transflective film 1215 is stacked in sequence.
在一较佳实施例中，请参阅图12和图13，所述光学显示模组100还包括透明保护层140，所述透明保护层140设于所述光组合器120远离所述光机110的一侧，所述反射器件130设于所述透明保护层140的任一侧。透明保护层140的设置用于保护整个光学显示模组100被损坏。In a preferred embodiment, please refer to FIG. 12 and FIG. 13 , the optical display module 100 further includes a transparent protective layer 140 , and the transparent protective layer 140 is arranged on the optical combiner 120 away from the optical machine 110 One side of the reflective device 130 is disposed on either side of the transparent protective layer 140 . The transparent protective layer 140 is used to protect the entire optical display module 100 from being damaged.
可选的是，反射器件130设于透明保护层140远离光组合器120的一侧，且透明保护层140与光组合器120贴合设置或间隔设置，反射器件130与透明保护层140贴合设置或间隔设置。Optionally, the reflective device 130 is arranged on the side of the transparent protective layer 140 away from the optical combiner 120, and the transparent protective layer 140 is attached to the optical combiner 120 or arranged at a distance, and the reflective device 130 is attached to the transparent protective layer 140 setting or interval setting.
可选的是，反射器件130设于透明保护层140靠近光组合器120的一侧，且透明保护层140与光组合器120间隔设置，反射器件130与光组合器120贴合设置或间隔设置。Optionally, the reflective device 130 is disposed on the side of the transparent protective layer 140 close to the optical combiner 120, and the transparent protective layer 140 is spaced apart from the optical combiner 120, and the reflective device 130 and the optical combiner 120 are arranged in close contact or at intervals .
可选的是，透明保护层140可以是玻璃或者树脂透明材质。应当理解的是，透明保护层140的材质并不限于为上述材质，还可以是其他材质，此处不作限制。Optionally, the transparent protective layer 140 may be made of glass or resin transparent material. It should be understood that the material of the transparent protective layer 140 is not limited to the above materials, and may also be other materials, which are not limited here.
本实施例还提供一种近眼显示装置，包括上述所述的光学显示模组100。由于光学显示模组100的结构已经在上文中进行详细描述，此处不再赘述。This embodiment also provides a near-eye display device, including the above-mentioned optical display module 100 . Since the structure of the optical display module 100 has been described in detail above, it will not be repeated here.
综上所述，本实施例提供了一种光学显示模组100，包括：光机110，所述光机110用于出射信号光；光组合器120，所述光组合器120包括耦入区衍射微 结构1212和耦出区衍射微结构1213，所述光组合器120设于所述光机110的出光侧，且所述光机110的设置位置与所述耦入区衍射微结构1212的位置对应；反射器件130，所述反射器件130设于所述光组合器120远离所述光机110的一侧，且所述反射器件130的设置位置与所述耦入区衍射微结构1212的位置对应，所述反射器件130用于将透过所述光组合器120的信号光传输回所述光组合器120内。本实施例还提供一种近眼显示装置，包括上述所述的光学显示模组100。本实施例提供的光学显示模组100以及近眼显示装置，通过在光组合器120远离所述光机110的一侧的耦入区衍射微结构1212处设置反射器件130，其反射器件130适用于大多数的光组合器120的耦入区衍射微结构1212位置，其可以将透过光组合器120的信号光传输回耦入区衍射微结构1212上，并被衍射进光组合器120内，从而实现从光机110出射的信号光可以全部进入光组合器120内，极大地提高了图像的显示亮度，提高了用户的使用体验；通过在光组合器120远离所述光机110的一侧的耦入区衍射微结构1212处设置反射器件130，实现了充分利用的光机110出射的光信号，提高了光能量的利用率，避免了光机110功率的浪费，在相同显示亮度条件下，降低了显示装置的功耗，延长了续航时间。In summary, this embodiment provides an optical display module 100, including: an optical machine 110, the optical machine 110 is used to emit signal light; an optical combiner 120, the optical combiner 120 includes a coupling area Diffraction micro Structure 1212 and outcoupling region diffractive microstructure 1213, the optical combiner 120 is arranged on the light output side of the optical machine 110, and the setting position of the optical machine 110 corresponds to the position of the incoupling region diffractive microstructure 1212 The reflective device 130, the reflective device 130 is arranged on the side of the optical combiner 120 away from the optical machine 110, and the setting position of the reflective device 130 corresponds to the position of the diffraction microstructure 1212 in the coupling region , the reflective device 130 is used to transmit the signal light transmitted through the optical combiner 120 back into the optical combiner 120 . This embodiment also provides a near-eye display device, including the above-mentioned optical display module 100 . In the optical display module 100 and the near-eye display device provided in this embodiment, the reflective device 130 is provided at the diffractive microstructure 1212 in the coupling region of the optical combiner 120 on the side away from the optical machine 110, and the reflective device 130 is suitable for The in-coupling region diffraction microstructure 1212 positions of most of the optical combiners 120, which can transmit the signal light passing through the optical combiner 120 back to the in-coupling region diffraction microstructure 1212, and be diffracted into the optical combiner 120, In this way, the signal light emitted from the optical machine 110 can all enter the optical combiner 120, which greatly improves the display brightness of the image and improves the user experience; The reflective device 130 is set at the diffractive microstructure 1212 in the in-coupling region, which realizes the full use of the optical signal emitted by the optical machine 110, improves the utilization rate of light energy, and avoids the waste of power of the optical machine 110. Under the same display brightness conditions , reducing the power consumption of the display device and prolonging the battery life.
以上所述仅为本发明的较佳实施例而已，并不用以限制本发明，凡在本发明的精神和原则之内所作的任何修改、等同替换和改进等，均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。 The above descriptions are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent replacements and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection of the present invention. within range.

Claims (10)

  1. 一种光学显示模组，其特征在于，包括：An optical display module, characterized in that it comprises:
    光机，所述光机用于出射信号光；an optical machine, the optical machine is used to emit signal light;
    光组合器，所述光组合器包括耦入区衍射微结构和耦出区衍射微结构，所述光组合器设于所述光机的出光侧，且所述光机的设置位置与所述耦入区衍射微结构的位置对应；An optical combiner, the optical combiner includes a diffractive microstructure in the coupling area and a diffractive microstructure in the outcoupling area, the optical combiner is arranged on the light output side of the optical machine, and the installation position of the optical machine is the same as that of the optical machine The position correspondence of the diffractive microstructure in the coupling region;
    反射器件，所述反射器件设于所述光组合器远离所述光机的一侧，且所述反射器件的设置位置与所述耦入区衍射微结构的位置对应，所述反射器件用于将透过所述光组合器的信号光传输回所述光组合器内。A reflective device, the reflective device is arranged on the side of the optical combiner away from the optical machine, and the position of the reflective device corresponds to the position of the diffractive microstructure in the coupling region, and the reflective device is used for The signal light transmitted through the optical combiner is transmitted back into the optical combiner.
  2. 如权利要求1所述的光学显示模组，其特征在于，所述反射器件包括第一反射层；The optical display module according to claim 1, wherein the reflective device comprises a first reflective layer;
    所述第一反射层与所述光组合器贴合设置；The first reflective layer is attached to the optical combiner;
    或者，所述第一反射层与所述光组合器间隔设置。Alternatively, the first reflective layer is spaced apart from the light combiner.
  3. 如权利要求1所述的光学显示模组，其特征在于，所述反射器件包括光学元件组，所述光学元件组包括第二反射层和光学元件，所述第二反射层和所述光学元件配合用于将透过所述光组合器的信号光传输回所述光组合器内；The optical display module according to claim 1, wherein the reflective device includes an optical element group, the optical element group includes a second reflective layer and an optical element, and the second reflective layer and the optical element Cooperating to transmit the signal light transmitted through the optical combiner back into the optical combiner;
    所述光学元件与所述光组合器贴合设置或者间隔设置；The optical element and the optical combiner are arranged in close contact or at intervals;
    所述第二反射层与所述光学元件贴合设置或者间隔设置。The second reflective layer is disposed in close contact with the optical element or disposed at intervals.
  4. 如权利要求3所述的光学显示模组，其特征在于，所述光学元件包括反射棱镜，所述反射棱镜设有反射面、第一透射面以及第二透射面，所述第一透射面位于所述耦入区衍射微结构处设置，所述第二反射层位于所述第二透射面处设置；透过所述光组合器的信号光进入所述反射棱镜内，并通过所述反射面反射至所述第二反射层，信号光再经过所述第二反射层反射回所述光组合器内；The optical display module according to claim 3, wherein the optical element comprises a reflective prism, and the reflective prism is provided with a reflective surface, a first transmissive surface and a second transmissive surface, and the first transmissive surface is located at The in-coupling region is set at the diffractive microstructure, and the second reflective layer is set at the second transmissive surface; the signal light transmitted through the optical combiner enters the reflective prism and passes through the reflective surface reflected to the second reflective layer, and the signal light is reflected back into the optical combiner through the second reflective layer;
    或者，所述光学元件包括凹透镜，所述凹透镜设于所述光组合器远离所述光机的一侧，所述第二反射层设于所述凹透镜远离所述光组合器的一侧；透过所述光组合器的信号光通过所述凹透镜传输至所述第二反射层，信号光再经过所述第二反射层反射回所述光组合器内。Or, the optical element includes a concave lens, the concave lens is arranged on the side of the optical combiner away from the optical machine, and the second reflective layer is arranged on the side of the concave lens away from the optical combiner; The signal light passing through the optical combiner is transmitted to the second reflective layer through the concave lens, and the signal light is reflected back into the optical combiner through the second reflective layer.
  5. 如权利要求1～4任一项所述的光学显示模组，其特征在于，所述光组合器包括至少一个衍射光波导，每一所述衍射光波导包括波导层、耦入区衍射微结构以及耦出区衍射微结构，所述波导层的至少一侧设有所述耦入区衍射微结构， 所述波导层的至少一侧设有所述耦出区衍射微结构。The optical display module according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the optical combiner includes at least one diffractive optical waveguide, and each of the diffractive optical waveguides includes a waveguide layer, a diffractive microstructure in the coupling region and a diffractive microstructure in the outcoupling region, at least one side of the waveguide layer is provided with the diffractive microstructure in the incoupling region, At least one side of the waveguide layer is provided with the outcoupling region diffractive microstructure.
  6. 如权利要求5所述的光学显示模组，其特征在于，所述光组合器包括多个衍射光波导，多个所述衍射光波导层叠设置，且相邻的所述衍射光波导之间间隔设置，所述反射器件设于最外侧的所述衍射光波导远离所述光机的一侧。The optical display module according to claim 5, wherein the optical combiner comprises a plurality of diffractive optical waveguides, a plurality of diffractive optical waveguides are stacked, and adjacent diffractive optical waveguides are spaced apart It is provided that the reflective device is arranged on the outermost side of the diffractive optical waveguide away from the optical machine.
  7. 如权利要求6所述的光学显示模组，其特征在于，多个所述衍射光波导之间分别传输的光信号的波长不同，且相邻的两个所述衍射光波导之间设有二色向镜。The optical display module according to claim 6, wherein the wavelengths of the optical signals transmitted between the plurality of diffractive optical waveguides are different, and two adjacent diffractive optical waveguides are provided between two adjacent diffractive optical waveguides. Chromatic mirror.
  8. 如权利要求5所述的光学显示模组，其特征在于，所述衍射光波导还包括至少一个转折区衍射微结构，所述转折区衍射微结构设于所述波导层的至少一侧；The optical display module according to claim 5, wherein the diffractive optical waveguide further comprises at least one diffractive microstructure in the turning region, and the diffractive microstructure in the turning region is arranged on at least one side of the waveguide layer;
    所述衍射光波导还包括至少一层部分透反膜，至少一层所述部分透反膜设于所述波导层内部、并位于所述转折区衍射微结构至所述耦出区衍射微结构的区域。The diffractive optical waveguide also includes at least one layer of partial transflective film, at least one layer of the partial transflective film is arranged inside the waveguide layer and located between the diffractive microstructure in the turning region and the diffractive microstructure in the outcoupling region Area.
  9. 如权利要求1～4任一项所述的光学显示模组，其特征在于，所述光学显示模组还包括透明保护层，所述透明保护层设于所述光组合器远离所述光机的一侧，所述反射器件设于所述透明保护层的任一侧。The optical display module according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the optical display module further comprises a transparent protective layer, and the transparent protective layer is arranged on the optical combiner away from the optical machine One side of the reflective device is arranged on either side of the transparent protective layer.
  10. 一种近眼显示装置，其特征在于，包括权利要求1～9任一项所述的光学显示模组。 A near-eye display device, characterized by comprising the optical display module according to any one of claims 1-9.
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