WO2023125103A1 - Micro-optical lens, preparation method therefor, and display system - Google Patents

Micro-optical lens, preparation method therefor, and display system Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023125103A1
WO2023125103A1 PCT/CN2022/139971 CN2022139971W WO2023125103A1 WO 2023125103 A1 WO2023125103 A1 WO 2023125103A1 CN 2022139971 W CN2022139971 W CN 2022139971W WO 2023125103 A1 WO2023125103 A1 WO 2023125103A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
micro
substrate
optical lens
light
functional part
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PCT/CN2022/139971
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French (fr)
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
王燚言
隋磊
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嘉兴驭光光电科技有限公司
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Publication of WO2023125103A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023125103A1/en

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B3/00—Simple or compound lenses
    • G02B3/0006—Arrays
    • G02B3/0037—Arrays characterized by the distribution or form of lenses
    • G02B3/0056—Arrays characterized by the distribution or form of lenses arranged along two different directions in a plane, e.g. honeycomb arrangement of lenses
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
    • G02B27/09—Beam shaping, e.g. changing the cross-sectional area, not otherwise provided for
    • G02B27/0927—Systems for changing the beam intensity distribution, e.g. Gaussian to top-hat
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
    • G02B27/09—Beam shaping, e.g. changing the cross-sectional area, not otherwise provided for
    • G02B27/0938—Using specific optical elements
    • G02B27/095—Refractive optical elements
    • G02B27/0955—Lenses
    • G02B27/0961—Lens arrays
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B3/00—Simple or compound lenses
    • G02B3/0006—Arrays
    • G02B3/0012—Arrays characterised by the manufacturing method
    • G02B3/0031—Replication or moulding, e.g. hot embossing, UV-casting, injection moulding

Definitions

  • the present invention generally relates to the technical field of optical equipment, in particular to a micro-optical lens, a preparation method of the micro-optic lens and a display system.
  • the light emitted by the light source or reflected by other objects is often not directly output, and usually needs to be pre-processed or transformed to meet different application requirements.
  • projection equipment needs to diffuse the light emitted by the light source , to enlarge the image to be projected.
  • a microlens array is a commonly used diffuser, which uses multiple microlenses to increase the divergence angle of the incident light to achieve the effect of uniform light diffusion.
  • the existing microlens array only has a diffusion function. As shown in FIG. 1 , when the incident light is vertically incident, the axis of the outgoing light does not change. However, there may be many different requirements in the actual application environment, such as the need to diffuse and deflect the incident light.
  • the current solution is to set two sets of lenses, one of which has a deflection function to achieve the deflection effect, for example It is a prism group or a prism array, and the other group has a diffusion effect and is used to realize the diffusion effect, such as a lens group or a microlens array.
  • the conventional structure is to arrange two groups of lenses back and forth along the optical path, and adjust the distance between the two groups of lenses to obtain the outgoing light that meets the application requirements. This traditional arrangement has a complex structure and requires a large internal space to meet the requirements of both. The distance between the lens groups is not conducive to the development of miniaturization.
  • the present invention provides a micro-optical lens, which uses a single lens to uniformly light and deflect incident light at the same time, simplifies the lens structure, and saves space inside the optical device.
  • the present invention also provides a method for preparing the micro-optical lens, which is used to prepare the aforementioned micro-optic lens.
  • the present invention also includes a display system, which uses the aforementioned micro-optical structure to simultaneously uniformly light and deflect the light emitted by the light source, thereby simplifying the structure of the display system and reducing the volume of the display system.
  • a micro-optical lens used for homogenizing and deflecting incident light simultaneously, said micro-optic lens comprising:
  • a substrate said substrate being a sheet or plate of uniform thickness and transparent to light, the substrate having the same refractive index at different locations;
  • a functional part includes a microlens array, the functional part is arranged on at least one surface of the substrate, and the functional part has an asymmetrical surface type, and the microlens array is configured to be able to uniform the incident light light, the asymmetrical surface is used to realize the deflection of incident light.
  • the microlens array includes a plurality of single microlenses, and the plurality of single microlenses are all asymmetrical, and a plurality of A single microlens has the same deflection angle.
  • the functional part further includes a prism array, the prism array and the microlens array are respectively arranged on two opposite surfaces of the substrate, and the prism array has an asymmetric face shape.
  • the prism array has a plurality of prisms uniformly and regularly arranged, and the plurality of prisms have the same inclination direction and inclination angle relative to the substrate.
  • the microlens array is configured as an incident surface or an outgoing surface of the incident light.
  • the size of a single microlens is 10-100 microns.
  • the single microlenses in the microlens array have the same surface type.
  • the surface shape of a single microlens in the microlens array adopts an xy polynomial form, and the surface shape formula of a single microlens is:
  • the single microlenses in the microlens array are of different sizes and arranged randomly.
  • the single microlenses in the microlens array have multiple surface types, and the single microlenses of different surface types are randomly arranged.
  • a method for preparing a micro-optical lens comprising:
  • S101 Determine the deflection angle and divergence angle of the incident light according to product requirements
  • the micro-optic lens includes a substrate and a functional part, the substrate is a sheet or plate with uniform thickness and light transmission, and the substrate has the same The refractive index;
  • the functional part includes a microlens array, the functional part is arranged on at least one surface of the substrate, and the functional part is set as an asymmetrical surface, and the microlens array is configured to be able to carry out incident light Uniform light, the asymmetric surface type is used to realize the deflection of incident light;
  • the step S102 includes selecting the functional part to be disposed on one surface or two opposite surfaces of the substrate.
  • a display system comprising:
  • the micro-optic lens is arranged downstream of the optical path of the light source, and the incident surface of the micro-optic lens faces the light source.
  • the divergence angle of the light emitted by the light source ranges from 0° to 60°.
  • the embodiment of the present invention provides a micro-optical lens, which realizes uniform light and deflection of incident light at the same time by using a single lens, changes the distribution form of the light field, simplifies the structure of the lens, and saves The space inside the optical device is reduced, which provides conditions for the miniaturization of the optical device.
  • the embodiment of the present invention also provides a method for preparing a micro-optical lens, which is used for preparing the above-mentioned micro-optic lens, so as to achieve the technical effect of simultaneously uniforming and deflecting incident light.
  • the embodiment of the present invention also includes a display system, which includes the aforementioned micro-optical lens, which uniformly lightens and deflects the light emitted by the light source, simplifies the internal structure of the display system, and reduces the volume of the display system.
  • Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of the light field distribution of microlens array in the prior art
  • Fig. 2 is the structural representation of micro-optical lens in an embodiment of the present invention.
  • 3A is a schematic diagram of a prism array in a micro-optical lens as an incident surface in another embodiment of the present invention.
  • 3B is a schematic diagram of a micro-lens array in a micro-optical lens as an incident surface in another embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram of the optical field distribution of micro-optical lens in one embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 5 is the schematic diagram of single microlens surface type in one embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 6A is a schematic diagram of a single microlens surface in another embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 6B is a schematic diagram of a single prism surface in another embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 7 is the schematic diagram of microlens array surface in micro-optical lens in one embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 8 is a schematic flow chart of the preparation process of the micro-optical lens in an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 9 is a position relation diagram of the display system in one embodiment of the present invention.
  • first and second are used for descriptive purposes only, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the quantity of indicated technical features.
  • a feature defined as “first” or “second” may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of said features.
  • “plurality” means two or more, unless otherwise specifically defined.
  • connection should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection or a detachable connection.
  • Connected, or integrally connected it can be mechanically connected, or electrically connected, or can communicate with each other; it can be directly connected, or indirectly connected through an intermediary, and it can be the internal communication of two components or the interaction of two components relation.
  • a first feature being “on” or “under” a second feature may include that the first and second features are in direct contact, or may include the first and second features Not in direct contact but through another characteristic contact between them.
  • “on”, “above” and “above” the first feature on the second feature include that the first feature is directly above and obliquely above the second feature, or simply means that the level of the first feature is higher than that of the second feature.
  • "Below”, “below” and “under” the first feature to the second feature include that the first feature is directly above and obliquely above the second feature, or simply means that the first feature has a lower horizontal height than the second feature.
  • the invention provides a micro-optical lens, which uniformly and deflects the incident light at the same time.
  • the light field distribution is shown in Figure 4. Deflection is generated, and there is a deflection angle between the outgoing optical axis and the incident optical axis.
  • the light field distribution of the traditional microlens array is shown in Figure 1. There is no angle between the incident optical axis and the outgoing optical axis.
  • the microlens array can only expand the divergence angle of the incident light, but cannot achieve the deflection effect.
  • Figure 1 and Figure 4 are only schematic diagrams, where the incident light is not limited to vertically incident collimated light. When the incident light is divergent light, light rays with different incident angles also have similar light field effects.
  • the deflection that occurs in the array is caused by the refraction of the material of the microlens array itself, and it is impossible to obtain a suitable deflection angle according to the application requirements and design.
  • the micro-optical lens includes a substrate and a functional part, wherein the substrate is a sheet or plate with uniform thickness and light transmission, and different positions of the substrate have the same refractive index, and the material of the substrate can be It is glass, single crystal silicon wafer, quartz wafer or plexiglass, etc.
  • the material selection can be selected according to the application requirements or the processing technology of the micro-optical lens.
  • the functional part in the micro-optical lens is used to achieve homogenization and deflection of the incident light at the same time
  • the functional part includes a microlens array
  • the functional part is arranged on at least one surface of the substrate
  • the functional part has an asymmetrical surface type, wherein
  • the function of the microlens array is to homogenize the incident light
  • the function of the asymmetric surface is to deflect the incident light.
  • the substrate is a sheet or plate with uniform thickness, which has two opposite planes that can be used as bearing surfaces of the functional parts, the arrangement of the functional parts will be described in detail below in conjunction with embodiments of the present invention.
  • Fig. 2 shows the structure of the micro-optical lens 1 in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, wherein the functional part is disposed on one surface of the substrate 11, and the opposite surface of the substrate 11 is a flat plane.
  • the microlens array 12 in the functional part includes a plurality of single microlenses 121 , all of which are asymmetrical, and the plurality of single microlenses 121 have the same deflection angle.
  • the angle of deflection represents the angle at which light is deflected after passing through the microlens array 12.
  • the angle of deflection is the angle between the outgoing optical axis and the incident optical axis.
  • a single microlens in a traditional microlens array is a symmetrical surface, and its light field distribution is shown in Figure 1. It only has the function of uniform light divergence, but there is no angle between the incident optical axis and the outgoing optical axis. There is no change, but the single microlens 121 in this embodiment has an asymmetrical surface as shown in Figure 5, which can change the direction of the incident light and deflect the incident light while realizing the function of uniform light divergence .
  • the structure of the micro-lens array 12 can evenly light the incident light and increase the divergence angle of the light.
  • the incident light passes through the micro-optical lens 1, it can obtain a larger divergence angle and change the direction.
  • the light is homogenized and deflected.
  • the incident light shown in Fig. 2 is incident by the surface that does not have the microlens array 12 in the substrate 11, and the incident light is collimated light, but according to the reversibility of the optical path and the principle of lens refraction, the micro-optics in the present embodiment
  • the lens 1 can also use the surface where the microlens array 12 is located as the incident surface, and the incident light can also be divergent light, which can also achieve the effects of uniform light and deflection, and the effect of the micro-optical lens 1 will not be affected by the incident angle and and the nature of the incident light itself changes.
  • the microlens array 12 is made by a nanoimprint process, the parameters of the microlens array 12 are designed in advance according to the application requirements of the micro-optical lens 1, and the microlens array 12 is printed on one surface of the substrate 11 by an imprinting device.
  • a microlens array 12 having an asymmetrical surface type is formed.
  • the size of a single microlens in the microlens array 12 is 10-100 microns, and the sizes of different single microlenses 121 can be the same or different, for example, the size of some single microlenses 121 is set to 60 microns, and another The size of some single microlenses 121 is set to 20 microns, and two kinds of single microlenses 121 are arranged at intervals to fully utilize the space on the substrate 11 .
  • the single microlenses 121 in the microlens array 12 have the same surface shape.
  • the nanoimprinting process is to reversely rub the graphics in the template on the substrate 11, so the shape of the groove in the template corresponds to the shape of a single microlens 121 in the microlens array 12.
  • the single microlens 121 has the same
  • the surface shape of the nanoimprint process can simplify the template manufacturing process and improve production efficiency.
  • the surface shape of a single microlens 121 in the microlens array 12 adopts an xy polynomial form,
  • the concrete surface formula of single microlens 121 is:
  • x and y are respectively the abscissa and ordinate on the modeling plane
  • c is the curvature
  • k is the cone constant
  • NR is the normalized radius
  • a ij is the coefficient of x i y j .
  • the outgoing light is likely to generate interference fringes due to mutual interference.
  • a plurality of single microlenses 121 in the microlens array 12 The sizes are different and arranged randomly.
  • the adjacent single microlenses 121 have the same surface shape but different sizes, and the smaller single microlenses 121 are filled between the larger single microlenses 121, and are randomly arranged irregularly, which can eliminate interference stripe.
  • the template used in the nanoimprint process has reverse grooves corresponding to the microlens array 12 .
  • a plurality of single microlenses 121 in the microlens array 12 also can be designed to have different surface types, as shown in Figure 7, the single microlens 121 of different surface types is equally randomly random. Arrangement can also avoid interference fringes.
  • FIGS. 3A and 3B show the structure of the micro-optical lens 2 according to another embodiment of the present invention, wherein the functional part not only includes a microlens array 22, but also includes a prism array 23, specifically as shown in FIGS. 3A and 3B,
  • the microlens array 22 and the prism array 23 are respectively arranged on two opposite surfaces in the substrate 21, and the prism array 23 has an asymmetrical surface type at the same time, and the single microlens 221 in the microlens array 22 can be designed into a symmetrical surface type, such as As shown in Fig. 6A, it can also be designed as an asymmetrical surface shape as described in the previous embodiments.
  • the prisms 231 there are a plurality of prisms 231 uniformly and regularly arranged in the prism array 23, and the plurality of prisms 231 have the same inclination direction and inclination angle with respect to the substrate 21, to ensure that the prisms in the prism array 23
  • the prisms 231 have the same deflection angle to prevent the incident light from being deformed at some positions after passing through the prism array 23.
  • the shape of one of the prisms 231 can be designed as a wedge as shown in Figure 6B, which is an asymmetrical surface type.
  • the micro-optical lens 2 in the prism deflects the incident light by relying on the asymmetric prism 231.
  • micro-lens array 22 is designed as a traditional symmetrical surface, it does not have the deflection function and only plays the role of uniform light divergence. If the micro-lens array The array 22 is designed as an asymmetric surface as shown in FIG. 5 , which can cooperate with the prism array 23 to further change the angle of the incident light.
  • the side of the micro-optical lens 2 in the present embodiment that is provided with the micro-lens array 22 can be used as an outgoing surface, as shown in FIG.
  • Uniform light can also be used as the incident surface.
  • the incident light first passes through the microlens array 22 to expand the divergence angle, and then passes through the prism array for overall deflection.
  • the incident light is not limited to the collimated light shown in Fig. 3A and Fig.
  • the incident light can be divergent light, and enter the micro-optical lens 2 by the side where the microlens array 22 is located , can also achieve the effect of light uniformity and deflection, and the function of the micro-optical lens 2 will not change due to the incident angle of the incident light and the nature of the incident light itself.
  • the microlens array 22 is made by a nano-imprint process, the parameters of the microlens array 22 are designed in advance according to the application requirements of the micro-optical lens 2, and the microlens array 22 is placed on one surface of the substrate 21 by an imprinting device.
  • a microlens array 22 having an asymmetric surface type or a symmetrical surface type is formed.
  • the size of a single microlens in the microlens array 22 is 10-100 microns, and the sizes of different single microlenses 221 may be the same or different, for example, the size of a single microlens 221 is designed to be 10 microns.
  • the prism array 23 in this embodiment can also be made by nanoimprinting technology, and the prism 231 with the same inclination angle can be formed according to the design deflection angle of the incident light, or the prism array 23 can be formed by mechanical processing, chemical etching and other processes , a microprism film may also be pasted on the surface opposite to the surface of the substrate 21 on which the microlens array 22 is provided.
  • the single microlenses 221 in the microlens array 22 have the same surface type.
  • the nanoimprinting process is to reversely rub the graphics in the template on the substrate 21, so the shape of the groove in the template corresponds to the shape of a single microlens 221 in the microlens array 22.
  • the single microlens 221 has the same The surface shape can simplify the template manufacturing process in the nanoimprint process and improve production efficiency.
  • the surface shape of a single microlens 221 in the microlens array 22 adopts the xy polynomial form,
  • the specific surface formula of the single microlens 221 is:
  • x and y are respectively the abscissa and ordinate on the modeling plane
  • c is the curvature
  • k is the cone constant
  • NR is the normalized radius
  • a ij is the coefficient of x i y j .
  • the outgoing light is likely to generate interference fringes due to mutual interference.
  • multiple single microlenses 221 in the microlens array 22 The sizes are different and arranged randomly.
  • the adjacent single microlenses 221 have the same surface shape but different sizes, and the smaller single microlenses 221 are filled between the larger single microlenses 221, and are randomly arranged irregularly, which can eliminate interference stripe.
  • the template used in the nanoimprint process has reverse grooves corresponding to the microlens array 22 .
  • a plurality of single microlenses 221 in the microlens array 22 also can be designed to have different surface types, as shown in Figure 7, the single microlens 221 of different surface types is equally randomly random. Arrangement can also avoid interference fringes.
  • FIG. 8 shows a method 100 for fabricating a micro-optical lens according to an embodiment of the present invention, which will be described in detail below with reference to FIG. 8 .
  • step S101 determine the deflection angle and divergence angle of the incident light according to the product requirements.
  • different products correspond to different product requirements.
  • Determine the deflection angle and divergence angle of the incident light where the deflection angle refers to the angle between the incident light axis and the incident light axis, and the divergence angle refers to the distance between the vertically incident collimated light and the edge exit light after passing through the micro-optical lens Angle.
  • the divergence angles may also be different in different directions.
  • the divergence angles of the micro-optical lens shown in FIG. 7 may be unequal in the horizontal and vertical directions to meet product requirements.
  • the micro-optical lens is designed according to the deflection angle and the divergence angle, wherein the micro-optic lens includes a substrate and a functional part, the substrate is a sheet or plate with uniform thickness and light transmission, and the substrate has the same the refractive index.
  • the functional part includes a microlens array, the functional part is arranged on at least one surface of the substrate, and the functional part is arranged in an asymmetrical surface type, the microlens array is configured to be able to uniformly light the incident light, and the asymmetrical surface type is used for Implements deflection of incident light.
  • the functional part of the micro-optical lens may be disposed on only one surface of the substrate, or may be disposed on two opposite surfaces of the substrate.
  • the microlens array has the functions of light homogenization and deflection at the same time.
  • the single microlens in the microlens array is an asymmetric surface type and has the same deflection angle.
  • the deflection angle is the same as Corresponds to the deflection angle in the product requirements.
  • the functional parts are arranged on two opposite surfaces of the substrate, one side of the substrate is a microlens array, and the other side of the substrate is a prism array, wherein the prism array is an asymmetric surface type, which can be designed as shown in Figure 6B
  • the microlens array can be designed as a symmetrical surface, or as an asymmetrical surface with the same deflection angle.
  • Multiple single prisms in the prism array have the same inclination direction and inclination angle with respect to the substrate. If the single microlens is a symmetrical surface type, the deflection angle of the single prism corresponds to the deflection angle in the product requirement.
  • the single microlens design It is an asymmetric surface type, and the sum of the deflection angle of a single prism and the deflection angle of a single microlens corresponds to the deflection angle in product requirements.
  • the deflection direction of a single prism can be the same as that of a single microlens or perpendicular to the surface plane of the substrate, and the vector addition of the two deflection directions is the deflection direction and deflection angle of the micro-optical lens.
  • step S103 the functional part is prepared on the substrate by nanoimprinting process.
  • the microlens array can be directly fabricated on the substrate by nanoimprinting process; if the functional part includes a microlens array and a prism array, the functional part can be prepared in two successive steps Two parts can also be prepared simultaneously using double-sided imprinting equipment.
  • Figure 9 shows the positional relationship of the display system 3 according to yet another embodiment of the present invention, wherein the display system 3 includes a widening 31 and a micro-optical lens 32, wherein the micro-optical lens 32 is arranged on the optical path downstream of the optics 31, and the micro-optical lens 32
  • the incident surface of the optical lens 32 faces the light source 31 .
  • the divergence angle range of light emitted by the light source is 0-60°, such as collimated light pre-processed by the collimator lens, the divergence angle is close to 0, or it can be divergent light, for example, the limit divergence angle is shown in Figure 9
  • the 60° shown, or other angles, such as 30°, etc., are determined according to actual product requirements.

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  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Optical Elements Other Than Lenses (AREA)
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Abstract

A micro-optical lens (1), a preparation method therefor, and a display system. The micro-optical lens (1) is used for homogenizing and deflecting incident light at the same time. The micro-optical lens (1) comprises a substrate (11) and a functional part. The substrate (11) is a light-transmissive sheet or sheet material having a uniform thickness, and has the same refractive index at different positions. The functional part comprises a micro-lens array (12). The functional part is arranged on at least one surface of the substrate (11), and has an asymmetric surface type. The micro-lens array (12) is configured to be capable of homogenizing incident light. The asymmetric surface type is used for deflecting incident light. One lens is used to homogenize and deflect incident light at the same time, so that the distribution form of the light field is changed, the structure of the lens is simplified, the internal space of an optical device is reduced, and conditions are provided for miniaturization of the optical device.

Description

微光学透镜、制备方法及显示系统Micro-optical lens, manufacturing method and display system 技术领域technical field
本发明大致涉及光学设备技术领域，尤其是一种微光学透镜、一种微光学透镜的制备方法以及一种显示系统。The present invention generally relates to the technical field of optical equipment, in particular to a micro-optical lens, a preparation method of the micro-optic lens and a display system.
背景技术Background technique
在常见的光学设备中，光源发出的光或其他物体反射的光往往并不能够直接输出，通常需要进行预先处理或转化，以满足不同的应用需求，例如投影设备需要对光源发出的光进行扩散，以放大需要投射的图像。微透镜阵列是一种常用的匀光片(diffuser)，利用多个微透镜增大入射光的发散角度，实现匀光扩散的效果。In common optical devices, the light emitted by the light source or reflected by other objects is often not directly output, and usually needs to be pre-processed or transformed to meet different application requirements. For example, projection equipment needs to diffuse the light emitted by the light source , to enlarge the image to be projected. A microlens array is a commonly used diffuser, which uses multiple microlenses to increase the divergence angle of the incident light to achieve the effect of uniform light diffusion.
但现有的微透镜阵列只具有扩散功能，如图1所示，当入射光垂直入射时，出射光的轴线并不会发生改变。但在实际的应用环境下可能存在多种不同的需求，例如需要对入射光进行扩散和偏转，目前的解决方法是设置两组透镜，其中一组透镜具有偏转作用，用于实现偏转效果，例如是棱镜组或棱镜阵列，另外一组具有扩散作用，用于实现扩散效果，例如是透镜组或微透镜阵列。常规结构是将两组透镜沿光路前后排列，并调整两组透镜之间的距离，以获取符合应用需求的出射光，这种传统的排布方式结构复杂，而且需要较大的内部空间满足两组透镜之间的距离要求，不利于小型化发展。However, the existing microlens array only has a diffusion function. As shown in FIG. 1 , when the incident light is vertically incident, the axis of the outgoing light does not change. However, there may be many different requirements in the actual application environment, such as the need to diffuse and deflect the incident light. The current solution is to set two sets of lenses, one of which has a deflection function to achieve the deflection effect, for example It is a prism group or a prism array, and the other group has a diffusion effect and is used to realize the diffusion effect, such as a lens group or a microlens array. The conventional structure is to arrange two groups of lenses back and forth along the optical path, and adjust the distance between the two groups of lenses to obtain the outgoing light that meets the application requirements. This traditional arrangement has a complex structure and requires a large internal space to meet the requirements of both. The distance between the lens groups is not conducive to the development of miniaturization.
背景技术部分的内容仅仅是发明人所知晓的技术，并不当然代表本领域的现有技术。The content in the Background Art section is only the technology known to the inventors, and does not necessarily represent the prior art in the field.
发明内容Contents of the invention
针对现有技术中的一个或多个缺陷，本发明提供一种微光学透镜，利用单一透镜对入射光同时进行匀光和偏折，简化透镜结构，节省光学设备内部的空间。本发明还提供了一种微光学透镜的制备方法，用于制备前述的微光 学透镜。本发明还包括一种显示系统，利用前述的微光学结构对光源发出的光同时进行匀光和偏折处理，简化了显示系统的结构，缩小了显示系统的体积。Aiming at one or more defects in the prior art, the present invention provides a micro-optical lens, which uses a single lens to uniformly light and deflect incident light at the same time, simplifies the lens structure, and saves space inside the optical device. The present invention also provides a method for preparing the micro-optical lens, which is used to prepare the aforementioned micro-optic lens. The present invention also includes a display system, which uses the aforementioned micro-optical structure to simultaneously uniformly light and deflect the light emitted by the light source, thereby simplifying the structure of the display system and reducing the volume of the display system.
为解决上述技术问题，本发明采用如下的技术方案：In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:
一种微光学透镜，用于对入射光同时进行匀光和偏折，所述微光学透镜包括：A micro-optical lens, used for homogenizing and deflecting incident light simultaneously, said micro-optic lens comprising:
衬底，所述衬底为厚度均匀且透光的片材或板材，衬底在不同位置处具有相同的折射率；和a substrate, said substrate being a sheet or plate of uniform thickness and transparent to light, the substrate having the same refractive index at different locations; and
功能部，所述功能部包括微透镜阵列，功能部设置于所述衬底的至少一个表面上，且所述功能部具有非对称面型，所述微透镜阵列配置成能够对入射光进行匀光，所述非对称面型用于实现入射光的偏折。A functional part, the functional part includes a microlens array, the functional part is arranged on at least one surface of the substrate, and the functional part has an asymmetrical surface type, and the microlens array is configured to be able to uniform the incident light light, the asymmetrical surface is used to realize the deflection of incident light.
根据本发明的一个方面，其中所述功能部设置于所述衬底的一个表面上，所述微透镜阵列包括多个单一微透镜，多个单一微透镜均为非对称面型，且多个单一微透镜具有相同的偏折角。According to one aspect of the present invention, wherein the functional portion is disposed on one surface of the substrate, the microlens array includes a plurality of single microlenses, and the plurality of single microlenses are all asymmetrical, and a plurality of A single microlens has the same deflection angle.
根据本发明的一个方面，其中所述功能部还包括棱镜阵列，所述棱镜阵列和所述微透镜阵列分别设置于所述衬底中相对的两个表面上，且所述棱镜阵列具有非对称面型。According to one aspect of the present invention, the functional part further includes a prism array, the prism array and the microlens array are respectively arranged on two opposite surfaces of the substrate, and the prism array has an asymmetric face shape.
根据本发明的一个方面，其中所述棱镜阵列具有均匀规则排布的多个棱镜，且所述多个棱镜相对于所述衬底具有相同的倾斜方向和倾斜角度。According to one aspect of the present invention, the prism array has a plurality of prisms uniformly and regularly arranged, and the plurality of prisms have the same inclination direction and inclination angle relative to the substrate.
根据本发明的一个方面，其中所述微透镜阵列配置为所述入射光的入射面或出射面。According to one aspect of the present invention, the microlens array is configured as an incident surface or an outgoing surface of the incident light.
根据本发明的一个方面，其中所述微透镜阵列由纳米压印工艺制成，单一微透镜的大小为10-100微米。According to one aspect of the present invention, wherein the microlens array is made by nanoimprint process, the size of a single microlens is 10-100 microns.
根据本发明的一个方面，其中所述微透镜阵列中的单一微透镜之间具有相同的面型。According to one aspect of the present invention, the single microlenses in the microlens array have the same surface type.
根据本发明的一个方面，其中所述微透镜阵列中单一微透镜的面型采用xy多项式形式，单一微透镜的面型公式为：According to one aspect of the present invention, the surface shape of a single microlens in the microlens array adopts an xy polynomial form, and the surface shape formula of a single microlens is:
Figure PCTCN2022139971-appb-000001
Figure PCTCN2022139971-appb-000001
根据本发明的一个方面，其中所述微透镜阵列中的单一微透镜之间大小不同，且随机排布。According to one aspect of the present invention, the single microlenses in the microlens array are of different sizes and arranged randomly.
根据本发明的一个方面，其中所述微透镜阵列中的单一微透镜之间具有多种面型，且不同面型的单一微透镜随机排布。According to one aspect of the present invention, the single microlenses in the microlens array have multiple surface types, and the single microlenses of different surface types are randomly arranged.
一种微光学透镜的制备方法，包括：A method for preparing a micro-optical lens, comprising:
S101：根据产品需求确定入射光的偏折角度和发散角度；S101: Determine the deflection angle and divergence angle of the incident light according to product requirements;
S102：根据偏折角度和发散角度设计微光学透镜，所述微光学透镜包括衬底和功能部，所述衬底为厚度均匀且透光的片材或板材，衬底在不同位置处具有相同的折射率；所述功能部包括微透镜阵列，将功能部设置于所述衬底的至少一个表面上，将功能部设置为非对称面型，所述微透镜阵列配置成能够对入射光进行匀光，所述非对称面型用于实现入射光的偏折；和S102: Design a micro-optical lens according to the deflection angle and divergence angle, the micro-optic lens includes a substrate and a functional part, the substrate is a sheet or plate with uniform thickness and light transmission, and the substrate has the same The refractive index; the functional part includes a microlens array, the functional part is arranged on at least one surface of the substrate, and the functional part is set as an asymmetrical surface, and the microlens array is configured to be able to carry out incident light Uniform light, the asymmetric surface type is used to realize the deflection of incident light; and
S103：根据功能部的设计，采用纳米压印工艺在所述衬底上制备功能部。S103: According to the design of the functional part, prepare the functional part on the substrate by using a nanoimprint process.
根据本发明的一个方面，其中所述步骤S102包括选择功能部设置于衬底的一个表面或相对的两个表面上。According to an aspect of the present invention, the step S102 includes selecting the functional part to be disposed on one surface or two opposite surfaces of the substrate.
一种显示系统，包括：A display system comprising:
光源；和light source; and
如前所述的微光学透镜，所述微光学透镜设于所述光源的光路下游，且微光学透镜的入射面朝向所述光源。As in the aforementioned micro-optical lens, the micro-optic lens is arranged downstream of the optical path of the light source, and the incident surface of the micro-optic lens faces the light source.
根据本发明的一个方面，其中所述光源发出光线的发散角度范围为0-60°。According to one aspect of the present invention, the divergence angle of the light emitted by the light source ranges from 0° to 60°.
与现有技术相比，本发明的实施例提供了一种微光学透镜，利用一片透镜同时实现对入射光的匀光和偏折，改变了光场的分布形式，简化了透镜的结构，节省了光学设备内部的空间，为光学设备小型化提供了条件。本发明的实施例还提供了一种微光学透镜的制备方法，用于制备前述的微光学透镜， 以实现对入射光同时进行匀光和偏折的技术效果。本发明的实施例还包括一种显示系统，其中包括前述的微光学透镜，对光源发出的光同时进行匀光和偏折，简化了显示系统的内部结构，同时缩小了显示系统的体积。Compared with the prior art, the embodiment of the present invention provides a micro-optical lens, which realizes uniform light and deflection of incident light at the same time by using a single lens, changes the distribution form of the light field, simplifies the structure of the lens, and saves The space inside the optical device is reduced, which provides conditions for the miniaturization of the optical device. The embodiment of the present invention also provides a method for preparing a micro-optical lens, which is used for preparing the above-mentioned micro-optic lens, so as to achieve the technical effect of simultaneously uniforming and deflecting incident light. The embodiment of the present invention also includes a display system, which includes the aforementioned micro-optical lens, which uniformly lightens and deflects the light emitted by the light source, simplifies the internal structure of the display system, and reduces the volume of the display system.
附图说明Description of drawings
附图用来提供对本发明的进一步理解，并且构成说明书的一部分，与本发明的实施例一起用于解释本发明，并不构成对本发明的限制。在附图中：The accompanying drawings are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention, and constitute a part of the description, and are used together with the embodiments of the present invention to explain the present invention, and do not constitute a limitation to the present invention. In the attached picture:
图1是现有技术中微透镜阵列的光场分布的示意图；Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of the light field distribution of microlens array in the prior art;
图2是本发明的一个实施例中微光学透镜的结构示意图；Fig. 2 is the structural representation of micro-optical lens in an embodiment of the present invention;
图3A是本发明的另一个实施例中微光学透镜中棱镜阵列作为入射面的示意图；3A is a schematic diagram of a prism array in a micro-optical lens as an incident surface in another embodiment of the present invention;
图3B是本发明的另一个实施例中微光学透镜中微透镜阵列作为入射面的示意图；3B is a schematic diagram of a micro-lens array in a micro-optical lens as an incident surface in another embodiment of the present invention;
图4是本发明的一个实施例中微光学透镜的光场分布的示意图；Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram of the optical field distribution of micro-optical lens in one embodiment of the present invention;
图5是本发明的一个实施例中单一微透镜面型的示意图；Fig. 5 is the schematic diagram of single microlens surface type in one embodiment of the present invention;
图6A是本发明的另一个实施例中单一微透镜面型的示意图；Figure 6A is a schematic diagram of a single microlens surface in another embodiment of the present invention;
图6B是本发明的另一个实施例中单棱镜面型的示意图；Figure 6B is a schematic diagram of a single prism surface in another embodiment of the present invention;
图7是本发明的一个实施例中微光学透镜中微透镜阵列表面的示意图；Fig. 7 is the schematic diagram of microlens array surface in micro-optical lens in one embodiment of the present invention;
图8是本发明的一个实施例中微光学透镜的制备工艺的流程示意图；Fig. 8 is a schematic flow chart of the preparation process of the micro-optical lens in an embodiment of the present invention;
图9是本发明的一个实施例中显示系统的位置关系图。Fig. 9 is a position relation diagram of the display system in one embodiment of the present invention.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
在下文中，仅简单地描述了某些示例性实施例。正如本领域技术人员可认识到的那样，在不脱离本发明的精神或范围的情况下，可通过各种不同方式修改所描述的实施例。因此，附图和描述被认为本质上是示例性的而非限制性的。In the following, only some exemplary embodiments are briefly described. As those skilled in the art would realize, the described embodiments may be modified in various different ways, all without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. Accordingly, the drawings and descriptions are to be regarded as illustrative in nature and not restrictive.
在本发明的描述中，需要理解的是，术语"中心"、"纵向"、"横向"、" 长度"、"宽度"、"厚度"、"上"、"下"、"前"、"后"、"左"、"右"、"竖直"、"水平"、"顶"、"底"、"内"、"外"、"顺时针"、"逆时针"等指示的方位或位置关系为基于附图所示的方位或位置关系，仅是为了便于描述本发明和简化描述，而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作，因此不能理解为对本发明的限制。此外，术语"第一"、"第二"仅用于描述目的，而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性或者隐含指明所指示的技术特征的数量。由此，限定有"第一"、"第二"的特征可以明示或者隐含地包括一个或者更多个所述特征。在本发明的描述中，"多个"的含义是两个或两个以上，除非另有明确具体的限定。In describing the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "transverse", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", " Back", "Left", "Right", "Vertical", "Horizontal", "Top", "Bottom", "Inner", "Outer", "Clockwise", "Counterclockwise", etc. or The positional relationship is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, which is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, Therefore, it should not be construed as limiting the invention. In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the quantity of indicated technical features. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of said features. In the description of the present invention, "plurality" means two or more, unless otherwise specifically defined.
在本发明的描述中，需要说明的是，除非另有明确的规定和限定，术语"安装"、"相连"、"连接"应做广义理解，例如，可以是固定连接，也可以是可拆卸连接，或一体地连接:可以是机械连接，也可以是电连接或可以相互通讯；可以是直接相连，也可以通过中间媒介间接相连，可以是两个元件内部的连通或两个元件的相互作用关系。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以根据具体情况理解上述术语在本发明中的具体含义。In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that unless otherwise specified and limited, the terms "installation", "connection" and "connection" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection or a detachable connection. Connected, or integrally connected: it can be mechanically connected, or electrically connected, or can communicate with each other; it can be directly connected, or indirectly connected through an intermediary, and it can be the internal communication of two components or the interaction of two components relation. Those of ordinary skill in the art can understand the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention according to specific situations.
在本发明中，除非另有明确的规定和限定，第一特征在第二特征之"上"或之"下"可以包括第一和第二特征直接接触，也可以包括第一和第二特征不是直接接触而是通过它们之间的另外的特征接触。而且，第一特征在第二特征"之上"、"上方"和"上面"包括第一特征在第二特征正上方和斜上方，或仅仅表示第一特征水平高度高于第二特征。第一特征在第二特征"之下"、"下方"和"下面"包括第一特征在第二特征正上方和斜上方，或仅仅表示第一特征水平高度小于第二特征。In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, a first feature being "on" or "under" a second feature may include that the first and second features are in direct contact, or may include the first and second features Not in direct contact but through another characteristic contact between them. Moreover, "on", "above" and "above" the first feature on the second feature include that the first feature is directly above and obliquely above the second feature, or simply means that the level of the first feature is higher than that of the second feature. "Below", "below" and "under" the first feature to the second feature include that the first feature is directly above and obliquely above the second feature, or simply means that the first feature has a lower horizontal height than the second feature.
下文的公开提供了许多不同的实施方式或例子用来实现本发明的不同结构。为了简化本发明的公开，下文中对特定例子的部件和设置进行描述。当然，它们仅仅为示例，并且目的不在于限制本发明。此外，本发明可以在不同例子中重复参考数字和/或参考字母，这种重复是为了简化和清楚的目的，其本身不指示所讨论各种实施方式和/或设置之间的关系。此外，本发明提供 了的各种特定的工艺和材料的例子，但是本领域普通技术人员可以意识到其他工艺的应用和/或其他材料的使用。The following disclosure provides many different embodiments or examples for implementing different structures of the present invention. To simplify the disclosure of the present invention, components and arrangements of specific examples are described below. Of course, they are only examples and are not intended to limit the invention. Furthermore, the present disclosure may repeat reference numerals and/or reference letters in different instances, such repetition is for simplicity and clarity and does not in itself indicate a relationship between the various embodiments and/or arrangements discussed. In addition, various specific process and material examples are provided herein, but one of ordinary skill in the art may recognize the use of other processes and/or the use of other materials.
以下结合附图对本发明的优选实施例进行说明，应当理解，此处所描述的优选实施例仅用于说明和解释本发明，并不用于限定本发明。The preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the preferred embodiments described here are only used to illustrate and explain the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention.
本发明提供一种微光学透镜，对入射光同时进行匀光和偏折处理，其光场分布如图4所示，入射光穿过微光学透镜后，不仅具有一定的发散角，而且还会产生偏折，出射光轴与入射光轴之间具有偏折角度。传统的微透镜阵列的光场分布如图1所示，入射光轴和出射光轴不存在夹角，微透镜阵列只能扩大入射光的发散角度，但无法实现偏折效果。图1和图4仅为示意图，其中入射光并不限定为垂直入射的准直光，当入射光为发散光时，不同的入射角度的光线也具有类似的光场效果，在传统的微透镜阵列中发生的偏折是由微透镜阵列本身材料的折射导致，无法根据应用需求和设计获取合适的偏折角度。The invention provides a micro-optical lens, which uniformly and deflects the incident light at the same time. The light field distribution is shown in Figure 4. Deflection is generated, and there is a deflection angle between the outgoing optical axis and the incident optical axis. The light field distribution of the traditional microlens array is shown in Figure 1. There is no angle between the incident optical axis and the outgoing optical axis. The microlens array can only expand the divergence angle of the incident light, but cannot achieve the deflection effect. Figure 1 and Figure 4 are only schematic diagrams, where the incident light is not limited to vertically incident collimated light. When the incident light is divergent light, light rays with different incident angles also have similar light field effects. In the traditional microlens The deflection that occurs in the array is caused by the refraction of the material of the microlens array itself, and it is impossible to obtain a suitable deflection angle according to the application requirements and design.
根据本发明的一个实施例，微光学透镜包括衬底和功能部，其中衬底为厚度均匀且透光的片材或板材，并且衬底的不同位置具有相同的折射率，衬底的材质可以是玻璃、单晶硅片、石英片或者有机玻璃等，材质选择可以根据应用需求或微光学透镜的加工工艺选择。微光学透镜中的功能部用于实现同时对入射光进行匀光和偏折，功能部包括微透镜阵列，功能部设置在衬底的至少一个表面上，并且功能部具有非对称面型，其中微透镜阵列的作用是对入射光进行匀光，非对称面型的作用是对入射光进行偏折。由于衬底为厚度均匀的片材或板材，其中具有两个相对的平面可以作为功能部的承载面，下面结合本发明的实施例详细描述功能部的设置形式。According to one embodiment of the present invention, the micro-optical lens includes a substrate and a functional part, wherein the substrate is a sheet or plate with uniform thickness and light transmission, and different positions of the substrate have the same refractive index, and the material of the substrate can be It is glass, single crystal silicon wafer, quartz wafer or plexiglass, etc. The material selection can be selected according to the application requirements or the processing technology of the micro-optical lens. The functional part in the micro-optical lens is used to achieve homogenization and deflection of the incident light at the same time, the functional part includes a microlens array, the functional part is arranged on at least one surface of the substrate, and the functional part has an asymmetrical surface type, wherein The function of the microlens array is to homogenize the incident light, and the function of the asymmetric surface is to deflect the incident light. Since the substrate is a sheet or plate with uniform thickness, which has two opposite planes that can be used as bearing surfaces of the functional parts, the arrangement of the functional parts will be described in detail below in conjunction with embodiments of the present invention.
图2示出了根据本发明的一个优选实施例中微光学透镜1的结构，其中功能部设置在衬底11的一个表面上，衬底11中与之相对的另一个表面为平整的平面。功能部中的微透镜阵列12包括多个单一微透镜121，多个单一微透镜121均为非对称面型，并且多个单一微透镜121具有相同的偏折角。其中偏折角表示光线经过微透镜阵列12后偏折的角度，当光线垂直于衬底11 入射时，偏折角为出射光轴和入射光轴之间的夹角，多个单一微透镜121具有相同的偏折角能够保证多束入射光均朝向相同的方向偏折相同的角度。传统的微透镜阵列中的单一微透镜为对称面型，其光场分布如图1所示，仅具有匀光发散的功能，但入射光轴和出射光轴之间不存在夹角，光轴并未发生变化，而本实施例中的单一微透镜121具有如图5所示的非对称面型，在实现匀光发散功能的同时，还能够改变入射光的方向，对入射光进行偏折。微透镜阵列12的结构能够对入射光进行匀光，增大光线的发散角度，因此入射光穿过微光学透镜1后，能够获取更大的发散角度，并且改变方向，本实施例同时对入射光进行匀光和偏折。图2中所示的入射光由衬底11中不具有微透镜阵列12的表面入射，且入射光为准直光，但根据光路的可逆性和透镜折射的原理，本实施例中的微光学透镜1也可以以微透镜阵列12所在面作为入射面，并且入射光也可以是发散光，同样能够实现匀光和偏折的效果，微光学透镜1的作用不会因入射光的入射角度和和入射光自身的性质产生变化。Fig. 2 shows the structure of the micro-optical lens 1 in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, wherein the functional part is disposed on one surface of the substrate 11, and the opposite surface of the substrate 11 is a flat plane. The microlens array 12 in the functional part includes a plurality of single microlenses 121 , all of which are asymmetrical, and the plurality of single microlenses 121 have the same deflection angle. Wherein the angle of deflection represents the angle at which light is deflected after passing through the microlens array 12. When the light is incident perpendicular to the substrate 11, the angle of deflection is the angle between the outgoing optical axis and the incident optical axis. Multiple single microlenses 121 have the same The deflection angle can ensure that multiple beams of incident light are deflected at the same angle in the same direction. A single microlens in a traditional microlens array is a symmetrical surface, and its light field distribution is shown in Figure 1. It only has the function of uniform light divergence, but there is no angle between the incident optical axis and the outgoing optical axis. There is no change, but the single microlens 121 in this embodiment has an asymmetrical surface as shown in Figure 5, which can change the direction of the incident light and deflect the incident light while realizing the function of uniform light divergence . The structure of the micro-lens array 12 can evenly light the incident light and increase the divergence angle of the light. Therefore, after the incident light passes through the micro-optical lens 1, it can obtain a larger divergence angle and change the direction. The light is homogenized and deflected. The incident light shown in Fig. 2 is incident by the surface that does not have the microlens array 12 in the substrate 11, and the incident light is collimated light, but according to the reversibility of the optical path and the principle of lens refraction, the micro-optics in the present embodiment The lens 1 can also use the surface where the microlens array 12 is located as the incident surface, and the incident light can also be divergent light, which can also achieve the effects of uniform light and deflection, and the effect of the micro-optical lens 1 will not be affected by the incident angle and and the nature of the incident light itself changes.
根据本发明的一个优选实施例，微透镜阵列12通过纳米压印工艺制成，预先根据微光学透镜1的应用需求设计微透镜阵列12的参数，利用压印设备在衬底11的一个表面上形成具有非对称面型的微透镜阵列12。具体的，微透镜阵列12中单一微透镜的大小为10-100微米，并且不同单一微透镜121之间的大小可以相同，也可以不同，例如部分单一微透镜121的大小设置为60微米，另有一部分单一微透镜121的大小设置为20微米，并且两种单一微透镜121间隔设置，以充分利用衬底11上的空间。According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the microlens array 12 is made by a nanoimprint process, the parameters of the microlens array 12 are designed in advance according to the application requirements of the micro-optical lens 1, and the microlens array 12 is printed on one surface of the substrate 11 by an imprinting device. A microlens array 12 having an asymmetrical surface type is formed. Specifically, the size of a single microlens in the microlens array 12 is 10-100 microns, and the sizes of different single microlenses 121 can be the same or different, for example, the size of some single microlenses 121 is set to 60 microns, and another The size of some single microlenses 121 is set to 20 microns, and two kinds of single microlenses 121 are arranged at intervals to fully utilize the space on the substrate 11 .
根据本发明的一个优选实施例，微透镜阵列12中单一微透镜121具有相同的面型。纳米压印工艺是将模板中的图形反向拓印在衬底11上，因此模板中凹槽的形状对应微透镜阵列12中单一微透镜121的形状，本实施例中单一微透镜121具有相同的面型，能够简化纳米压印工艺中模板的制作过程，提高生产效率，具体的，根据本发明的一个优选实施例，微透镜阵列12中单一微透镜121的面型采用xy多项式的形式，单一微透镜121具体的面型公式为：According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the single microlenses 121 in the microlens array 12 have the same surface shape. The nanoimprinting process is to reversely rub the graphics in the template on the substrate 11, so the shape of the groove in the template corresponds to the shape of a single microlens 121 in the microlens array 12. In this embodiment, the single microlens 121 has the same The surface shape of the nanoimprint process can simplify the template manufacturing process and improve production efficiency. Specifically, according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the surface shape of a single microlens 121 in the microlens array 12 adopts an xy polynomial form, The concrete surface formula of single microlens 121 is:
Figure PCTCN2022139971-appb-000002
Figure PCTCN2022139971-appb-000002
上式中x和y分别为建模平面上的横坐标和纵坐标；In the above formula, x and y are respectively the abscissa and ordinate on the modeling plane;
Figure PCTCN2022139971-appb-000003
Figure PCTCN2022139971-appb-000003
c为曲率；c is the curvature;
k为锥形常数；k is the cone constant;
NR为归一化半径；NR is the normalized radius;
A ij为x iy j的系数。 A ij is the coefficient of x i y j .
如果微透镜阵列12中单一微透镜121均匀规则排列，出射光容易因相互干涉而产生干涉条纹，为避免发生干涉，根据本发明的一个优选实施例，微透镜阵列12中多个单一微透镜121之间大小不同，且随机排列。例如相邻的单一微透镜121之间面型相同，但大小不同，尺寸较小的单一微透镜121填充在尺寸较大的单一微透镜121之间，并且无规律地随机排布，能够消除干涉条纹。相应的，用于纳米压印工艺中的模板具有与微透镜阵列12相应的反向凹槽。根据本发明的一个优选实施例，微透镜阵列12中的多个单一微透镜121也可以设计成具有不同的面型，如图7所示，不同面型的单一微透镜121同样无规则地随机排布，同样能够避免产生干涉条纹。If the single microlenses 121 are uniformly and regularly arranged in the microlens array 12, the outgoing light is likely to generate interference fringes due to mutual interference. In order to avoid interference, according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a plurality of single microlenses 121 in the microlens array 12 The sizes are different and arranged randomly. For example, the adjacent single microlenses 121 have the same surface shape but different sizes, and the smaller single microlenses 121 are filled between the larger single microlenses 121, and are randomly arranged irregularly, which can eliminate interference stripe. Correspondingly, the template used in the nanoimprint process has reverse grooves corresponding to the microlens array 12 . According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a plurality of single microlenses 121 in the microlens array 12 also can be designed to have different surface types, as shown in Figure 7, the single microlens 121 of different surface types is equally randomly random. Arrangement can also avoid interference fringes.
图3A和图3B示出了根据本发明的另一个实施例中微光学透镜2的结构，其中功能部不仅包括微透镜阵列22，还包括棱镜阵列23，具体如图3A和图3B所示，微透镜阵列22和棱镜阵列23分别设置在衬底21中相对的两个表面上，同时棱镜阵列23具有非对称面型，微透镜阵列22中的单一微透镜221可以设计成对称面型，如图6A所示，也可以设计成如前述实施例中所述的非对称面型。根据本发明的一个优选实施例，棱镜阵列23中具有均匀规则排布的多个棱镜231，并且多个棱镜231相对于衬底21具有相同的倾斜方向和倾 斜角度，以保证棱镜阵列23中的棱镜231具有相同的偏折角度，避免入射光穿过棱镜阵列23后在部分位置发生变形，其中一个棱镜231的形状可以设计成如图6B所示的楔形，为非对称面型，本实施例中的微光学透镜2依靠非对称的棱镜231对入射光进行偏折，如果微透镜阵列22设计成传统的对称面型，则不具备偏折功能，仅发挥匀光发散的作用，如果微透镜阵列22设计成如图5所示的非对称面型，能够与棱镜阵列23相配合，进一步改变入射光的角度。3A and 3B show the structure of the micro-optical lens 2 according to another embodiment of the present invention, wherein the functional part not only includes a microlens array 22, but also includes a prism array 23, specifically as shown in FIGS. 3A and 3B, The microlens array 22 and the prism array 23 are respectively arranged on two opposite surfaces in the substrate 21, and the prism array 23 has an asymmetrical surface type at the same time, and the single microlens 221 in the microlens array 22 can be designed into a symmetrical surface type, such as As shown in Fig. 6A, it can also be designed as an asymmetrical surface shape as described in the previous embodiments. According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, there are a plurality of prisms 231 uniformly and regularly arranged in the prism array 23, and the plurality of prisms 231 have the same inclination direction and inclination angle with respect to the substrate 21, to ensure that the prisms in the prism array 23 The prisms 231 have the same deflection angle to prevent the incident light from being deformed at some positions after passing through the prism array 23. The shape of one of the prisms 231 can be designed as a wedge as shown in Figure 6B, which is an asymmetrical surface type. The micro-optical lens 2 in the prism deflects the incident light by relying on the asymmetric prism 231. If the micro-lens array 22 is designed as a traditional symmetrical surface, it does not have the deflection function and only plays the role of uniform light divergence. If the micro-lens array The array 22 is designed as an asymmetric surface as shown in FIG. 5 , which can cooperate with the prism array 23 to further change the angle of the incident light.
同样的，本实施例中的微光学透镜2中设置有微透镜阵列22的一面可以作为出射面，如图3A所示，入射光首先经棱镜阵列23偏折后，再经过微透镜阵列22进行匀光，也可以作为入射面，如图3B所示，入射光首先穿过微透镜阵列22，发散角度扩大，然后经过棱镜阵列，整体进行偏折。并且入射光不限于图3A和图3B所示的准直光，根据光路的可逆性和透镜折射的原理，入射光可以是发散光，并由微透镜阵列22所在的一面射入微光学透镜2，同样能够实现匀光和偏折的效果，微光学透镜2的作用不会因入射光的入射角度和和入射光自身的性质产生变化。Similarly, the side of the micro-optical lens 2 in the present embodiment that is provided with the micro-lens array 22 can be used as an outgoing surface, as shown in FIG. Uniform light can also be used as the incident surface. As shown in FIG. 3B , the incident light first passes through the microlens array 22 to expand the divergence angle, and then passes through the prism array for overall deflection. And the incident light is not limited to the collimated light shown in Fig. 3A and Fig. 3B, according to the reversibility of the light path and the principle of lens refraction, the incident light can be divergent light, and enter the micro-optical lens 2 by the side where the microlens array 22 is located , can also achieve the effect of light uniformity and deflection, and the function of the micro-optical lens 2 will not change due to the incident angle of the incident light and the nature of the incident light itself.
根据本发明的一个优选实施例，微透镜阵列22通过纳米压印工艺制成，预先根据微光学透镜2的应用需求设计微透镜阵列22的参数，利用压印设备在衬底21的一个表面上形成具有非对称面型或对称面型的微透镜阵列22。具体的，微透镜阵列22中单一微透镜的大小为10-100微米，并且不同单一微透镜221之间的大小可以相同，也可以不同，例如单一微透镜221的大小均设计成10微米。本实施例中的棱镜阵列23同样可以采用纳米压印工艺制作，根据入射光的设计偏折角度，形成具有相同倾斜角度的棱镜231，也可以利用机械加工，化学刻蚀等工艺形成棱镜阵列23，还可以在衬底21中设置有微透镜阵列22的表面的对侧表面贴附微棱镜膜。According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the microlens array 22 is made by a nano-imprint process, the parameters of the microlens array 22 are designed in advance according to the application requirements of the micro-optical lens 2, and the microlens array 22 is placed on one surface of the substrate 21 by an imprinting device. A microlens array 22 having an asymmetric surface type or a symmetrical surface type is formed. Specifically, the size of a single microlens in the microlens array 22 is 10-100 microns, and the sizes of different single microlenses 221 may be the same or different, for example, the size of a single microlens 221 is designed to be 10 microns. The prism array 23 in this embodiment can also be made by nanoimprinting technology, and the prism 231 with the same inclination angle can be formed according to the design deflection angle of the incident light, or the prism array 23 can be formed by mechanical processing, chemical etching and other processes , a microprism film may also be pasted on the surface opposite to the surface of the substrate 21 on which the microlens array 22 is provided.
根据本发明的一个优选实施例，微透镜阵列22中单一微透镜221具有相同的面型。纳米压印工艺是将模板中的图形反向拓印在衬底21上，因此模板中凹槽的形状对应微透镜阵列22中单一微透镜221的形状，本实施例中单一微透镜221具有相同的面型，能够简化纳米压印工艺中模板的制作过程，提 高生产效率，具体的，根据本发明的一个优选实施例，微透镜阵列22中单一微透镜221的面型采用xy多项式的形式，单一微透镜221具体的面型公式为：According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the single microlenses 221 in the microlens array 22 have the same surface type. The nanoimprinting process is to reversely rub the graphics in the template on the substrate 21, so the shape of the groove in the template corresponds to the shape of a single microlens 221 in the microlens array 22. In this embodiment, the single microlens 221 has the same The surface shape can simplify the template manufacturing process in the nanoimprint process and improve production efficiency. Specifically, according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the surface shape of a single microlens 221 in the microlens array 22 adopts the xy polynomial form, The specific surface formula of the single microlens 221 is:
Figure PCTCN2022139971-appb-000004
Figure PCTCN2022139971-appb-000004
上式中x和y分别为建模平面上的横坐标和纵坐标；In the above formula, x and y are respectively the abscissa and ordinate on the modeling plane;
Figure PCTCN2022139971-appb-000005
Figure PCTCN2022139971-appb-000005
c为曲率；c is the curvature;
k为锥形常数；k is the cone constant;
NR为归一化半径；NR is the normalized radius;
A ij为x iy j的系数。 A ij is the coefficient of x i y j .
如果微透镜阵列22中单一微透镜221均匀规则排列，出射光容易因相互干涉而产生干涉条纹，为避免发生干涉，根据本发明的一个优选实施例，微透镜阵列22中多个单一微透镜221之间大小不同，且随机排列。例如相邻的单一微透镜221之间面型相同，但大小不同，尺寸较小的单一微透镜221填充在尺寸较大的单一微透镜221之间，并且无规律地随机排布，能够消除干涉条纹。相应的，用于纳米压印工艺中的模板具有与微透镜阵列22相应的反向凹槽。据本发明的一个优选实施例，微透镜阵列22中的多个单一微透镜221也可以设计成具有不同的面型，如图7所示，不同面型的单一微透镜221同样无规则地随机排布，同样能够避免产生干涉条纹。If the single microlenses 221 are uniformly and regularly arranged in the microlens array 22, the outgoing light is likely to generate interference fringes due to mutual interference. In order to avoid interference, according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, multiple single microlenses 221 in the microlens array 22 The sizes are different and arranged randomly. For example, the adjacent single microlenses 221 have the same surface shape but different sizes, and the smaller single microlenses 221 are filled between the larger single microlenses 221, and are randomly arranged irregularly, which can eliminate interference stripe. Correspondingly, the template used in the nanoimprint process has reverse grooves corresponding to the microlens array 22 . According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a plurality of single microlenses 221 in the microlens array 22 also can be designed to have different surface types, as shown in Figure 7, the single microlens 221 of different surface types is equally randomly random. Arrangement can also avoid interference fringes.
图8示出了根据本发明的一个实施例中微光学透镜的制备方法100，下面结合图8详细描述。FIG. 8 shows a method 100 for fabricating a micro-optical lens according to an embodiment of the present invention, which will be described in detail below with reference to FIG. 8 .
在步骤S101，根据产品需求确定入射光的偏折角度和发散角度，如前所述，不同的产品对应不同的产品需求，当需要对入射光进行匀光和偏折时， 还需要根据产品需求确定入射光的偏折角度和发散角度，其中偏折角度指出射光轴与入射光轴之间的夹角，发散角度指垂直入射的准直光在穿过微光学透镜后的边缘出射光之间的角度。发散角度在不同方向上也可能不同，例如图7中所述的微光学透镜，在横向和纵向上的发散角度可以不相等，以满足产品需求为准。In step S101, determine the deflection angle and divergence angle of the incident light according to the product requirements. As mentioned above, different products correspond to different product requirements. Determine the deflection angle and divergence angle of the incident light, where the deflection angle refers to the angle between the incident light axis and the incident light axis, and the divergence angle refers to the distance between the vertically incident collimated light and the edge exit light after passing through the micro-optical lens Angle. The divergence angles may also be different in different directions. For example, the divergence angles of the micro-optical lens shown in FIG. 7 may be unequal in the horizontal and vertical directions to meet product requirements.
在在步骤S102，根据偏折角度和发散角度设计微光学透镜，其中微光学透镜包括衬底和功能部，衬底为厚度均匀且透光的片材或板材，衬底在不同位置处具有相同的折射率。功能部包括微透镜阵列，将功能部设置于衬底的至少一个表面上，并且将功能部设置为非对称面型，微透镜阵列配置成能够对入射光进行匀光，非对称面型用于实现入射光的偏折。In step S102, the micro-optical lens is designed according to the deflection angle and the divergence angle, wherein the micro-optic lens includes a substrate and a functional part, the substrate is a sheet or plate with uniform thickness and light transmission, and the substrate has the same the refractive index. The functional part includes a microlens array, the functional part is arranged on at least one surface of the substrate, and the functional part is arranged in an asymmetrical surface type, the microlens array is configured to be able to uniformly light the incident light, and the asymmetrical surface type is used for Implements deflection of incident light.
根据前述的实施例，微光学透镜中的功能部可以仅设置在衬底的一个表面上，也可以设置在衬底中相对的两个表面上。当功能部仅设置在衬底的一个表面上时，微透镜阵列同时具有匀光和偏折的功能，微透镜阵列中单一微透镜为非对称面型，并且具有相同的偏折角，偏折角与产品需求中的偏折角度相对应。According to the foregoing embodiments, the functional part of the micro-optical lens may be disposed on only one surface of the substrate, or may be disposed on two opposite surfaces of the substrate. When the functional part is only arranged on one surface of the substrate, the microlens array has the functions of light homogenization and deflection at the same time. The single microlens in the microlens array is an asymmetric surface type and has the same deflection angle. The deflection angle is the same as Corresponds to the deflection angle in the product requirements.
当功能部设置在衬底相对的两个表面上时，衬底的一侧为微透镜阵列，衬底的另一侧为棱镜阵列，其中棱镜阵列为非对称面型，可以设计成如图6B所示的楔形，微透镜阵列可以设计成对称面型，也可以设计成非对称面型并且具有相同的偏折角。棱镜阵列中的多个单一棱镜相对于衬底具有相同的倾斜方向和倾斜角度，如果单一微透镜为对称面型，单一棱镜的偏折角度对应产品需求中的偏折角度，如果单一微透镜设计为非对称面型，单一棱镜的偏折角度和单一微透镜的偏折角之和对应产品需求中的偏折角度。单一棱镜的偏折方向可以和单一微透镜的偏折方向相同或相对于衬底的表面平面相互垂直，两个偏折方向的向量相加即为微光学透镜的偏折方向和偏折角度。When the functional parts are arranged on two opposite surfaces of the substrate, one side of the substrate is a microlens array, and the other side of the substrate is a prism array, wherein the prism array is an asymmetric surface type, which can be designed as shown in Figure 6B In the wedge shape shown, the microlens array can be designed as a symmetrical surface, or as an asymmetrical surface with the same deflection angle. Multiple single prisms in the prism array have the same inclination direction and inclination angle with respect to the substrate. If the single microlens is a symmetrical surface type, the deflection angle of the single prism corresponds to the deflection angle in the product requirement. If the single microlens design It is an asymmetric surface type, and the sum of the deflection angle of a single prism and the deflection angle of a single microlens corresponds to the deflection angle in product requirements. The deflection direction of a single prism can be the same as that of a single microlens or perpendicular to the surface plane of the substrate, and the vector addition of the two deflection directions is the deflection direction and deflection angle of the micro-optical lens.
在步骤S103，根据功能部的设计，采用纳米压印工艺在所述衬底上制备功能部。如前所示，如果功能部仅为微透镜阵列，可以直接利用纳米压印工艺在衬底上制备微透镜阵列，如果功能部包括微透镜阵列和棱镜阵列，可以 分两次先后制备功能部的两部分，也可以利用双面压印设备同时制备。In step S103, according to the design of the functional part, the functional part is prepared on the substrate by nanoimprinting process. As shown above, if the functional part is only a microlens array, the microlens array can be directly fabricated on the substrate by nanoimprinting process; if the functional part includes a microlens array and a prism array, the functional part can be prepared in two successive steps Two parts can also be prepared simultaneously using double-sided imprinting equipment.
图9示出了根据本发明的又一个实施例中显示系统3的位置关系，其中显示系统3包括广宣31和微光学透镜32，其中微光学透镜32设置于光学31的光路下游，并且微光学透镜32的入射面朝向光源31。进一步的，光源发出光线的发散角度范围为0-60°，例如是经过准直透镜预先处理的准直光，发散角度接近0，也可以是发散光，例如其极限发散角度为图9中所示的60°，或其他角度，如30°等，根据实际的产品需求确定。Figure 9 shows the positional relationship of the display system 3 according to yet another embodiment of the present invention, wherein the display system 3 includes a widening 31 and a micro-optical lens 32, wherein the micro-optical lens 32 is arranged on the optical path downstream of the optics 31, and the micro-optical lens 32 The incident surface of the optical lens 32 faces the light source 31 . Further, the divergence angle range of light emitted by the light source is 0-60°, such as collimated light pre-processed by the collimator lens, the divergence angle is close to 0, or it can be divergent light, for example, the limit divergence angle is shown in Figure 9 The 60° shown, or other angles, such as 30°, etc., are determined according to actual product requirements.
最后应说明的是：以上所述仅为本发明的优选实施例而已，并不用于限制本发明，尽管参照前述实施例对本发明进行了详细的说明，对于本领域的技术人员来说，其依然可以对前述各实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改，或者对其中部分技术特征进行等同替换。凡在本发明的精神和原则之内，所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。Finally, it should be noted that: the above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, for those skilled in the art, it still The technical solutions recorded in the foregoing embodiments may be modified, or some technical features thereof may be equivalently replaced. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (14)

  1. 一种微光学透镜，用于对入射光同时进行匀光和偏折，所述微光学透镜包括：A micro-optical lens, used for homogenizing and deflecting incident light simultaneously, said micro-optic lens comprising:
    衬底，所述衬底为厚度均匀且透光的片材或板材，衬底在不同位置处具有相同的折射率；和a substrate, said substrate being a sheet or plate of uniform thickness and transparent to light, the substrate having the same refractive index at different locations; and
    功能部，所述功能部包括微透镜阵列，功能部设置于所述衬底的至少一个表面上，且所述功能部具有非对称面型，所述微透镜阵列配置成能够对入射光进行匀光，所述非对称面型用于实现入射光的偏折。A functional part, the functional part includes a microlens array, the functional part is arranged on at least one surface of the substrate, and the functional part has an asymmetrical surface type, and the microlens array is configured to be able to uniform the incident light light, the asymmetrical surface is used to realize the deflection of incident light.
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的微光学透镜，其中所述功能部设置于所述衬底的一个表面上，所述微透镜阵列包括多个单一微透镜，多个单一微透镜均为非对称面型，且多个单一微透镜具有相同的偏折角。The micro-optical lens according to claim 1, wherein the functional portion is disposed on one surface of the substrate, the microlens array includes a plurality of single microlenses, and the plurality of single microlenses are all asymmetrical surfaces , and multiple single microlenses have the same deflection angle.
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的微光学透镜，其中所述功能部还包括棱镜阵列，所述棱镜阵列和所述微透镜阵列分别设置于所述衬底中相对的两个表面上，且所述棱镜阵列具有非对称面型。The micro-optical lens according to claim 1, wherein the functional part further comprises a prism array, the prism array and the microlens array are respectively arranged on two opposite surfaces of the substrate, and the prism The array has an asymmetric facet.
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的微光学透镜，其中所述棱镜阵列具有均匀规则排布的多个棱镜，且所述多个棱镜相对于所述衬底具有相同的倾斜方向和倾斜角度。The micro-optical lens according to claim 3, wherein the prism array has a plurality of prisms uniformly and regularly arranged, and the plurality of prisms have the same inclination direction and inclination angle relative to the substrate.
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的微光学透镜，其中所述微透镜阵列配置为所述入射光的入射面或出射面。The micro-optical lens according to claim 1, wherein the micro-lens array is configured as an incident surface or an outgoing surface of the incident light.
  6. 根据权利要求1-5中任一项所述的微光学透镜，其中所述微透镜阵列由纳米压印工艺制成，单一微透镜的大小为10-100微米。The micro-optical lens according to any one of claims 1-5, wherein the micro-lens array is made by a nanoimprint process, and the size of a single micro-lens is 10-100 microns.
  7. 根据权利要求1-5中任一项所述的微光学透镜，其中所述微透镜阵列中的单一微透镜之间具有相同的面型。The micro-optical lens according to any one of claims 1-5, wherein the single microlenses in the microlens array have the same surface type.
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的微光学透镜，其中所述微透镜阵列中单一微透镜的面型采用xy多项式形式，单一微透镜的面型公式为：The micro-optical lens according to claim 7, wherein the surface shape of a single microlens in the microlens array adopts an xy polynomial form, and the surface shape formula of a single microlens is:
    Figure PCTCN2022139971-appb-100001
    Figure PCTCN2022139971-appb-100001
  9. 根据权利要求7所述的微光学透镜，其中所述微透镜阵列中的单一微透镜之间大小不同，且随机排布。The micro-optical lens according to claim 7, wherein the single micro-lenses in the micro-lens array have different sizes and are randomly arranged.
  10. 根据权利要求1-5中任一项所述的微光学透镜，其中所述微透镜阵列中的单一微透镜之间具有多种面型，且不同面型的单一微透镜随机排布。The micro-optical lens according to any one of claims 1-5, wherein there are multiple surface types among the single microlenses in the microlens array, and the single microlenses of different surface types are randomly arranged.
  11. 一种微光学透镜的制备方法，包括：A preparation method of a micro-optical lens, comprising:
    S101：根据产品需求确定入射光的偏折角度和发散角度；S101: Determine the deflection angle and divergence angle of the incident light according to product requirements;
    S102：根据偏折角度和发散角度设计微光学透镜，所述微光学透镜包括衬底和功能部，所述衬底为厚度均匀且透光的片材或板材，衬底在不同位置处具有相同的折射率；所述功能部包括微透镜阵列，将功能部设置于所述衬底的至少一个表面上，将功能部设置为非对称面型，所述微透镜阵列配置成能够对入射光进行匀光，所述非对称面型用于实现入射光的偏折；和S102: Design a micro-optical lens according to the deflection angle and divergence angle, the micro-optic lens includes a substrate and a functional part, the substrate is a sheet or plate with uniform thickness and light transmission, and the substrate has the same The refractive index; the functional part includes a microlens array, the functional part is arranged on at least one surface of the substrate, and the functional part is set as an asymmetrical surface, and the microlens array is configured to be able to carry out incident light Uniform light, the asymmetric surface type is used to realize the deflection of incident light; and
    S103：根据功能部的设计，采用纳米压印工艺在所述衬底上制备功能部。S103: According to the design of the functional part, prepare the functional part on the substrate by using a nanoimprint process.
  12. 根据权利要求11所述的制备方法，其中所述步骤S102包括选择功能部设置于衬底的一个表面或相对的两个表面上。The manufacturing method according to claim 11, wherein the step S102 includes selecting the functional portion to be disposed on one surface or two opposite surfaces of the substrate.
  13. 一种显示系统，包括：A display system comprising:
    光源；和light source; and
    如权利要求1-10中任一项所述的微光学透镜，所述微光学透镜设于所述光源的光路下游，且微光学透镜的入射面朝向所述光源。The micro-optical lens according to any one of claims 1-10, wherein the micro-optic lens is arranged downstream of the optical path of the light source, and the incident surface of the micro-optic lens faces the light source.
  14. 根据权利要求13所述的显示系统，其中所述光源发出光线的发散角度范围为0-60°。The display system according to claim 13, wherein the divergence angle of the light emitted by the light source ranges from 0° to 60°.
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