WO2023125062A1 - 散热器及照明装置 - Google Patents

散热器及照明装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023125062A1
WO2023125062A1 PCT/CN2022/139495 CN2022139495W WO2023125062A1 WO 2023125062 A1 WO2023125062 A1 WO 2023125062A1 CN 2022139495 W CN2022139495 W CN 2022139495W WO 2023125062 A1 WO2023125062 A1 WO 2023125062A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
heat dissipation
substrate
content
fins
heat
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Application number
PCT/CN2022/139495
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
朱亮
郭强
文丹华
房斌
张思权
Original Assignee
比亚迪股份有限公司
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Priority to KR1020247008329A priority Critical patent/KR20240046234A/ko
Publication of WO2023125062A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023125062A1/zh

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
    • F21S45/00—Arrangements within vehicle lighting devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, for purposes other than emission or distribution of light
    • F21S45/40—Cooling of lighting devices
    • F21S45/47—Passive cooling, e.g. using fins, thermal conductive elements or openings
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
    • F21S45/00—Arrangements within vehicle lighting devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, for purposes other than emission or distribution of light
    • F21S45/40—Cooling of lighting devices
    • F21S45/47—Passive cooling, e.g. using fins, thermal conductive elements or openings
    • F21S45/48—Passive cooling, e.g. using fins, thermal conductive elements or openings with means for conducting heat from the inside to the outside of the lighting devices, e.g. with fins on the outer surface of the lighting device
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21V—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F21V29/00—Protecting lighting devices from thermal damage; Cooling or heating arrangements specially adapted for lighting devices or systems
    • F21V29/50—Cooling arrangements
    • F21V29/70—Cooling arrangements characterised by passive heat-dissipating elements, e.g. heat-sinks
    • F21V29/74—Cooling arrangements characterised by passive heat-dissipating elements, e.g. heat-sinks with fins or blades
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21V—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F21V29/00—Protecting lighting devices from thermal damage; Cooling or heating arrangements specially adapted for lighting devices or systems
    • F21V29/50—Cooling arrangements
    • F21V29/70—Cooling arrangements characterised by passive heat-dissipating elements, e.g. heat-sinks
    • F21V29/74—Cooling arrangements characterised by passive heat-dissipating elements, e.g. heat-sinks with fins or blades
    • F21V29/76—Cooling arrangements characterised by passive heat-dissipating elements, e.g. heat-sinks with fins or blades with essentially identical parallel planar fins or blades, e.g. with comb-like cross-section
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21W—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES F21K, F21L, F21S and F21V, RELATING TO USES OR APPLICATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS
    • F21W2107/00—Use or application of lighting devices on or in particular types of vehicles
    • F21W2107/10—Use or application of lighting devices on or in particular types of vehicles for land vehicles

Definitions

  • the present disclosure relates to the technical field of heat dissipation devices, in particular to a heat sink and a lighting device.
  • Heat dissipation and control of junction temperature are one of the most important issues in the design and manufacture of vehicle lighting devices.
  • the light decay or lifespan of vehicle lighting devices is directly related to its junction temperature. Poor heat dissipation will directly lead to higher junction temperature and shortened lifespan.
  • the shape of vehicle lighting devices is becoming more and more diverse and complex. Radiators with better heat dissipation and smaller volume can make the shape design of vehicle lighting devices more market-leading, and at the same time have higher mileage and promote the process of vehicle lightweighting. .
  • the heat sinks in existing vehicle lighting devices cannot meet the increasing performance requirements for heat dissipation thereof.
  • the present disclosure provides a radiator and a lighting device.
  • the present disclosure provides a heat sink, comprising a first substrate and a plurality of first heat dissipation fins, the plurality of first heat dissipation fins are spaced and arranged on the first substrate along a first preset direction,
  • the heat sink satisfies the constraints of the following relational formula 1 and relational formula 2:
  • L is the length of the first substrate in the first preset direction, in mm;
  • N is the distribution number of the first cooling fins, and N takes a positive integer
  • ⁇ 1 is the maximum value of the thickness of the first cooling fin, in mm;
  • ⁇ 2 is the minimum value of the thickness of the first cooling fin, in mm;
  • ⁇ is the draft angle of the first cooling fin, unit degree
  • H is the distribution height of the first cooling fins, in mm.
  • the heat sink further includes a second substrate and a plurality of second heat dissipation fins, and a plurality of the first heat dissipation fins are spaced and arranged on the first substrate along the first predetermined direction.
  • the second substrate is disposed on the other side surface of the first substrate, and a plurality of second cooling fins are spaced and arranged on one side surface of the second substrate along a second preset direction,
  • the heat sink satisfies the constraints of the following relation 3 and relation 4:
  • L' is the length of the second substrate in the second preset direction, in mm;
  • N' is the distribution number of the second cooling fins, and N' takes a positive integer
  • ⁇ 1 ' is the maximum thickness of the second cooling fin, in mm;
  • ⁇ 2 ' is the minimum value of the thickness of the second cooling fin, in mm;
  • ⁇ ' is the draft angle of the second cooling fin, in degrees
  • H' is the distribution height of the second cooling fins, in mm.
  • a plurality of first heat dissipation holes and a plurality of second heat dissipation holes are opened on the first substrate, and a single first heat dissipation hole is arranged between two adjacent first heat dissipation fins
  • a single second heat dissipation hole is disposed between two adjacent first heat dissipation fins
  • a single second heat dissipation hole is disposed between two adjacent second heat dissipation fins.
  • the other side surface of the first substrate is sequentially formed with a first heat dissipation area, a heat conduction contact area, and a second heat dissipation area along a direction perpendicular to the first predetermined direction, and the first substrate
  • the intersection line with the second substrate is parallel to the first preset direction and the second preset direction, a plurality of the first heat dissipation holes are arranged in the first heat dissipation area, and the heat conduction contact area
  • the second substrate is disposed between the heat conduction contact area and the second heat dissipation area, and a plurality of second heat dissipation fins are located on the second substrate away from the heat conduction contact area
  • the second heat dissipation fins are connected to the second heat dissipation area, and a plurality of second heat dissipation holes are arranged in the second heat dissipation area.
  • a first connecting flap and a second connecting flap are respectively provided on both sides of the second base plate along the second predetermined direction, and a first connecting flap is opened on the first connecting flap.
  • Connecting holes the second connecting wing is provided with a second connecting hole
  • the two sides of the first heat dissipation area are respectively provided with a first positioning hook and a second positioning hook
  • the first positioning hook Both the hook and the second positioning hook are perpendicular to the first substrate
  • the first positioning hook is provided with a first slot on the side away from the second substrate
  • the second positioning hook is A second card slot is opened on a side away from the second substrate.
  • the first connecting flap, the second connecting flap and the second base plate are located on the same plane.
  • the first positioning hook and the second positioning hook are used for positioning the front end of the radiator, and the first connecting flap and the second connecting flap are used for the positioning of the front end of the radiator. The positioning and installation of the rear end of the radiator.
  • a plurality of positioning posts are arranged on the heat conduction contact area.
  • a plurality of thimbles are embedded on the first heat dissipation fin at intervals, the thimbles are perpendicular to the first substrate, and the outer diameter of the thimble is larger than the thickness of the first heat dissipation fin.
  • the heat sink is an integral die-cast magnesium alloy piece.
  • the magnesium alloy piece includes the following components in mass percentage:
  • the content of Al is 1%-5%, the content of Zn is 0-0.2%, the content of Mn is 0-1%, the content of RE is 3%-6%, the content of Mg is 87.7%-96%, other elements
  • the total amount is less than 0.1%.
  • the magnesium alloy piece includes the following components in mass percentage:
  • the content of Al is 1%-5%, the content of Zn is 0-0.2%, the content of Mn is 0-1%, the content of Ce is 0-4.0%, the content of Nd is 0-0.5%, and the content of Mg is 83.2%-96%, the total amount of other elements is less than 0.1%.
  • the magnesium alloy piece includes the following components in mass percentage:
  • the content of Al is 1%-5%, the content of Zn is 0-0.2%, the content of Mn is 0.8%-1%, the content of Ce is 0.8%-2.5%, the content of Nd is 0-0.5%, and the content of Mg The content is 83.2%-94.4%, and the total amount of other elements is less than 0.1%.
  • the present disclosure provides a lighting device, including the heat sink as described above.
  • the radiator provided in the present disclosure, since the distribution relationship of the cooling fins on the substrate on the radiator, such as quantity, arrangement interval, height design, etc., have a great influence on the heat dissipation effect of the radiator, therefore, different distribution relationships There is a big difference in the overall heat dissipation effect of the heat sink for the heat sink.
  • the inventors of the present disclosure have found through a lot of research that when the length L of the first substrate of the radiator and the weighted average thickness of the first cooling fin
  • the distribution number N of the first cooling fins satisfies relational expression 1:
  • the designed height H of the first cooling fin, the maximum value of the thickness of the first cooling fin ⁇ 1, the minimum value of the thickness of the first cooling fin ⁇ 2, and the draft angle ⁇ of the first cooling fin satisfy the relation 2: H ⁇ [ ( ⁇ 1 + ⁇ 2 )/2-1.2]/tan2 ⁇ , [( ⁇ 1 + ⁇ 2 )/2+1.2]/tan2 ⁇
  • the radiator can obtain the maximum heat dissipation effect, the heat dissipation power can reach more than 60W, and the effective
  • the size of the radiator is reduced, the structure is compact, the required occupied space is reduced, and the actual loading requirements are met.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a radiator provided by the present disclosure
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the lower structure of the radiator provided by the present disclosure.
  • Fig. 3 is a side view of the radiator provided by the present disclosure.
  • Fig. 4 is the enlarged schematic diagram of place A in Fig. 3;
  • Fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of the lighting device provided by the present disclosure.
  • some embodiments of the present disclosure provide a heat sink, including a first substrate 1 and a plurality of first heat dissipation fins 3 . Assuming that the direction is spaced and arranged side by side on the first substrate 1, the heat sink satisfies the constraints of the following relational formula 1 and relational formula 2:
  • L is the length of the first substrate in the first predetermined direction, in mm;
  • N is the distribution number of the first cooling fins, and N takes a positive integer
  • ⁇ 1 is the maximum value of the thickness of the first cooling fin, in mm;
  • ⁇ 2 is the minimum value of the thickness of the first cooling fin, in mm;
  • ⁇ is the draft angle of the first cooling fin, unit degree
  • H is the distribution height of the first cooling fins, in mm.
  • the heat dissipation fins with different distribution relations have a great influence on the overall performance of the heat sink. There is a big difference in the cooling effect.
  • the distribution number N of the first cooling fins satisfies relational expression 1:
  • the designed height H of the first cooling fin, the maximum value of the thickness of the first cooling fin ⁇ 1, the minimum value of the thickness of the first cooling fin ⁇ 2, and the draft angle ⁇ of the first cooling fin satisfy the relation 2: H ⁇ [ ( ⁇ 1 + ⁇ 2 )/2-1.2]/tan2 ⁇ , [( ⁇ 1 + ⁇ 2 )/2+1.2]/tan2 ⁇
  • the radiator can obtain the maximum heat dissipation effect, the heat dissipation power can reach more than 60W, and the effective
  • the size of the radiator is reduced, the structure is compact, the required occupied space is reduced, and the actual loading requirements are met.
  • the shapes of the plurality of first heat dissipation fins 3 may be the same or different, and when there are multiple shapes of the plurality of first heat dissipation fins 3, they should be respectively Satisfy the limitation of the relational expression 2.
  • the plurality of first cooling fins 3 on the first substrate 1 have the same shape, so as to facilitate manufacturing.
  • the heat sink further includes a second substrate 2 and a plurality of second heat dissipation fins 4, and a plurality of the first heat dissipation fins 3 are arranged along the first The preset direction is spaced and arranged on one side surface of the first substrate 1, and the second substrate 2 is arranged on the other side surface of the first substrate 1.
  • the second substrate 2 and the first substrate A substrate 1 is vertical, and a plurality of second heat dissipation fins 4 are spaced and arranged on one side surface of the second substrate 2 along a second predetermined direction, and the heat sink satisfies the constraints of the following relational formula 3 and relational formula 4 :
  • L' is the length of the second substrate in the second predetermined direction, in mm;
  • N' is the distribution number of the second cooling fins, and N' takes a positive integer
  • ⁇ 1 ' is the maximum thickness of the second cooling fin, in mm;
  • ⁇ 2 ' is the minimum thickness of the second cooling fin, in mm;
  • ⁇ ' is the draft angle of the second cooling fin, unit degree
  • H' is the distribution height of the second cooling fins, in mm.
  • the first substrate 1 is used for installing a light source
  • the second substrate 2 is used for auxiliary heat dissipation of the first substrate 1 .
  • the shapes of the plurality of second heat dissipation fins 4 may be the same or different, and when there are multiple shapes of the plurality of second heat dissipation fins 4 , they should respectively satisfy The limitation of the relation 4.
  • the plurality of second cooling fins 4 on the second substrate 2 have the same shape, so as to facilitate manufacturing.
  • the terms “draft angle ⁇ ” and “draft angle ⁇ '” are the angles designed for easy removal of the workpiece when it is demoulding, specifically as shown in Figure 4, the draft angle ⁇ ' is The inclination angle between the side surface of the second heat dissipation fin and the central axis.
  • the first substrate 1 is provided with a plurality of first heat dissipation holes 14 and a plurality of second heat dissipation holes 15, and a single first heat dissipation hole 14 is arranged between two adjacent first heat dissipation holes. Between the fins 3, a single second cooling hole 15 is arranged between two adjacent first cooling fins 3, and a single second cooling hole 15 is arranged between two adjacent second cooling fins 3. Between the cooling fins 4.
  • the first heat dissipation holes 14 are used for auxiliary heat dissipation of the first heat dissipation fins 3
  • the second heat dissipation holes 15 are used for auxiliary heat dissipation of the first heat dissipation fins 3 and the second heat dissipation fins 4 , in the heat dissipation process of the heat sink, it mainly relies on the direct contact between the first substrate 1 and the light source for heat conduction, and then the first substrate 1, the second substrate 2, the first heat dissipation fins 3 and The heat conduction between the second heat dissipation fins 4 disperses heat, and then through the first substrate 1, the second substrate 2, the first heat dissipation fins 3 and the second heat dissipation fins 4 respectively Contacting the air for heat exchange, during the process of heat exchange between the first heat dissipation fin 3 and the second heat dissipation fin 4, the air around them will be heated, and the heated air has a tendency to rise.
  • the first substrate 1 is horizontally placed in the application state, which will block the rising hot air.
  • the heat dissipation holes 14 and the second heat dissipation holes 15 on the first substrate 1 By opening the first heat dissipation holes 14 and the second heat dissipation holes 15 on the first substrate 1, the heat dissipation can be reduced.
  • the shielding effect of the first substrate 1 on the hot air improves the air flow efficiency, which in turn facilitates the improvement of the heat exchange efficiency.
  • the other side surface of the first substrate 1 is sequentially formed with a first heat dissipation area 11 , a heat conduction contact area 12 and a second heat dissipation area 13 along a direction perpendicular to the first preset direction, so The intersection line of the first substrate 1 and the second substrate 2 is parallel to the first predetermined direction and the second predetermined direction, and a plurality of the first heat dissipation holes 14 are arranged on the first heat dissipation area 11, the heat conduction contact area 12 is used to install the light source, the second substrate 2 is arranged between the heat conduction contact area 12 and the second heat dissipation area 13, and a plurality of the second heat dissipation fins 4 are located On the side of the second substrate 2 away from the heat conduction contact area 12, the second heat dissipation fins 4 are connected to the second heat dissipation area 13, and a plurality of second heat dissipation holes 15 are arranged on the second heat dissipation area
  • a direction perpendicular to the first preset direction should be interpreted in a broad sense. Substantially the same, can also be understood as “a direction perpendicular to the first preset direction”.
  • the heat conduction contact area 12 is used for the installation of the light source on the one hand, and is used for heat conduction between the first heat dissipation area 11, the second heat dissipation area 13 and the second substrate 2 on the other hand. Therefore, The heat conduction contact area 12 should have an area fully in contact with the light source, and at the same time have a larger connection cross section with the first heat dissipation area 11 , the second heat dissipation area 13 and the second substrate 2 .
  • the first heat dissipation fins 3 When the radiator is in use, the first heat dissipation fins 3 are vertically arranged, and the hot air after heat exchange through the first heat dissipation fins 3 flows along the side walls of the first heat dissipation fins 3 Rising, through the multiple first heat dissipation holes 14 and the second heat dissipation holes 15 opened in the first heat dissipation area 11 and the second heat dissipation area 13, hot air can be promoted from below the first substrate 1 and The flow between the upper and lower sides, thereby promoting the air convection above the first substrate 1, and improving the heat dissipation efficiency for the space where the light source is located; The convection of the air below after the hot air rises improves the heat dissipation efficiency of the second heat dissipation fins 4 .
  • a first connecting flap 21 and a second connecting flap 22 are respectively provided on both sides of the second substrate 2 along the second predetermined direction, and the first connecting flap 21 is A first connecting hole 211 is opened, and a second connecting hole 221 is opened on the second connecting wing 22 .
  • the first connecting flap 21 and the second connecting flap 22 are located on the same plane as the second substrate 2, and the two sides of the first heat dissipation area 11 are respectively provided with first positioning The hook 16 and the second positioning hook 17, the first positioning hook 16 and the second positioning hook 17 are located on both sides of the end of the first substrate 1, the first positioning hook 16 and the The second positioning hooks 17 are all perpendicular to the first substrate 1, and a first locking groove 161 is opened on the side of the first positioning hooks 16 away from the second substrate 2, and the second positioning A second locking groove 171 is defined on a side of the hook 17 away from the second substrate 2 .
  • the first positioning hook 16 and the second positioning hook 17 are used for positioning the front end of the radiator, and the first connecting flap 21 and the second connecting flap 22 are used for positioning the radiator. Positioning and installation of the rear end of the lighting device. When installing, respectively insert the first card slot 161 and the second card slot 171 into the positioning structure of the lighting device, and set screws to penetrate the first connection hole 211 and the The second connecting hole 221 is used for fixing.
  • a plurality of positioning posts 18 are arranged on the heat conduction contact area 12 to facilitate the installation and positioning of the light source.
  • a plurality of thimbles 31 are embedded at intervals on the first heat dissipation fin 3 , the thimbles 31 are perpendicular to the first substrate 1 , and the outer diameter of the thimbles 31 is larger than that of the first heat dissipation fin. Sheet 3 thickness.
  • the thimble 31 can disrupt the flow of hot air between the first heat dissipation fins 3, and at the same time, the thimble 31 has a higher strength than the first heat dissipation fin 3, and can be used in die-casting As a support point for demoulding during molding.
  • the heat sink is an integral die-cast magnesium alloy piece.
  • the heat sink By integrally die-casting the heat sink, it is beneficial to reduce the assembly process, and also make the first substrate 1, the second substrate 2, the first heat dissipation fins 3 and the second heat dissipation fins 4 Integrated to improve the efficiency of heat conduction between the various parts, no additional heat-conducting silica gel is required to ensure tight bonding and heat conduction at the joints.
  • the first connecting flap 21, the second connecting flap 22, the first positioning hook 16 and the second positioning hook 17 are integrally formed with the first base plate 1, which improves the thermal conductivity. At the same time, the installation accuracy between the light source and the lens of the lamp group is improved.
  • Magnesium alloy is used as the material of the heat sink, which has high thermal conductivity and mechanical properties, and can be effectively used in conditions and environments that require high thermal conductivity and light weight.
  • the magnesium alloy piece includes the following components in mass percentage:
  • the content of Al is 1%-5%, the content of Zn is 0-0.2%, the content of Mn is 0-1%, the content of RE is 3%-6%, the content of Mg is 87.7%-96%, other elements
  • the total amount is less than 0.1%.
  • RE refers to rare earth elements and is used for grain refinement.
  • the magnesium alloy piece includes the following components in mass percentage:
  • the content of Al is 1%-5%, the content of Zn is 0-0.2%, the content of Mn is 0.8%-1%, the content of RE is 3%-6%, the content of Mg is 87.7%-95.2%, other The total amount of elements is less than 0.1%.
  • the magnesium alloy has both very high thermal conductivity and excellent mechanical properties.
  • the magnesium alloy can not only be used in scenarios that require high thermal conductivity and structural mechanics requirements, but also can achieve lightweight and low-cost. Design requirements, especially suitable for making radiators for automotive lighting devices.
  • the lightweight design of the radiator is a key technology to improve the cruising range and meet the requirements of the cruising range.
  • the surface of the heat sink is sandblasted and anodized to further increase the contact area with the air and enhance the ability to radiate heat to the surrounding air.
  • FIG. 5 another aspect of the present disclosure provides a lighting device, including the heat sink as described above.
  • the heat dissipation efficiency of the lighting device can be effectively improved, and at the same time, the occupied space required for the lighting device to be installed on the vehicle is reduced, so as to meet the design requirements of light weight and low cost.
  • the heat sink includes a first substrate, a second substrate, a plurality of first heat dissipation fins and a plurality of second heat dissipation fins, and a plurality of the first heat dissipation fins
  • the fins are spaced and arranged on one side surface of the first substrate along the first predetermined direction
  • the second substrate is vertically arranged on the other side surface of the first substrate
  • the slices are spaced and arranged on one side surface of the second substrate along the second predetermined direction.
  • a plurality of first heat dissipation holes and a plurality of second heat dissipation holes are opened on the first substrate, a single first heat dissipation hole is arranged between two adjacent first heat dissipation fins, a single second heat dissipation hole The heat dissipation hole is arranged between two adjacent first heat dissipation fins, and the single second heat dissipation hole is arranged between two adjacent second heat dissipation fins.
  • the other side surface of the first substrate is sequentially formed with a first heat dissipation area, a heat conduction contact area, and a second heat dissipation area along the first predetermined direction, and the junction line between the first substrate and the second substrate and The first predetermined direction is parallel to the second predetermined direction, a plurality of the first heat dissipation holes are arranged in the first heat dissipation area, the heat conduction contact area is used for installing a light source, and the second substrate disposed between the heat conduction contact area and the second heat dissipation area, a plurality of second heat dissipation fins are located on the side of the second substrate away from the heat conduction contact area, the second heat dissipation fins and The second heat dissipation area is connected, and a plurality of the second heat dissipation holes are arranged in the second heat dissipation area.
  • the radiator meets the following conditions:
  • This embodiment is used to illustrate the radiator disclosed in the present disclosure, including most of the structures in Embodiment 1, and the difference lies in:
  • This embodiment is used to illustrate the radiator disclosed in the present disclosure, including most of the structures in Embodiment 1, and the difference lies in:
  • This embodiment is used to illustrate the radiator disclosed in the present disclosure, including most of the structures in Embodiment 1, and the difference lies in:
  • the first heat dissipation hole and the second heat dissipation hole are not provided on the first substrate.
  • This comparative example is used to compare and illustrate the radiator disclosed in the present disclosure, including most of the structures in Embodiment 1, and the difference lies in:
  • This comparative example is used to compare and illustrate the radiator disclosed in the present disclosure, including most of the structures in Embodiment 1, and the difference lies in:
  • the heat sink that satisfies the constraints of Relational Expression 1 and Relational Expression 2 provided by the present disclosure has a significant improvement in heat dissipation efficiency, can effectively reduce the core temperature of the LED chip, and has a lower weight , which is conducive to the lightweight of vehicle lighting equipment.
  • the core temperature of the LED chip of Example 1 is the lowest, and its weight is the lightest.
  • Embodiment 1 differs only in that the number of first heat dissipation fins and second heat dissipation fins in Embodiment 1 is larger.
  • Example 1 compared with Comparative Example 1, Example 1 has more cooling fins installed in the same space, and at this time, the core temperature of the LED chip in Example 1 is also lower. Therefore, under the premise of satisfying the constraints of relational expression 1 and relational expression 2 provided by the present disclosure, embodiment 1 not only improves the space utilization rate of the radiator, but also improves the heat dissipation by installing more cooling fins in the same space. The heat dissipation efficiency of the device.
  • Example 4 Compared with Comparative Example 2, in Example 4, although the first heat dissipation hole and the second heat dissipation hole are not provided on the first substrate, due to the shorter length of the first substrate in the first predetermined direction and the plurality of first heat dissipation fins The weighted average thickness of the sheet is thinner, and the distribution number of the first cooling fins is smaller, so the volume is smaller and the weight is lighter. It can be seen from the test results in Table 1 that compared with Comparative Example 2, the core temperature of the LED chip in Example 4 is also lower. Therefore, on the premise of satisfying the constraints of relational expression 1 and relational expression 2 provided by the present disclosure, the radiator of embodiment 4 is smaller in size, lighter in weight, and has higher heat dissipation efficiency. In summary, the heat sink disclosed in the present disclosure solves the problems of insufficient space utilization and heat dissipation efficiency.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Cooling Or The Like Of Electrical Apparatus (AREA)
  • Arrangement Of Elements, Cooling, Sealing, Or The Like Of Lighting Devices (AREA)
  • Non-Portable Lighting Devices Or Systems Thereof (AREA)

Abstract

一种散热器和包括散热器的照明装置。散热器包括第一基板（1）和多个第一散热翅片（31），多个第一散热翅片（31）沿第一预设方向间隔并排于第一基板（1）上，散热器满足以下关系式1和关系式 2的限制，其中，L为第一基板（1）在第一预设方向上的长度，式（aa）为多个第一散热翅片（31）的加权平均厚度，N 为第一散热翅片（31）的分布数量，δ 1为第一散热翅片（31）厚度最大值，δ 2为第一散热翅片（31）厚度最小值，θ为第一散热翅片（31）的拔模角度，H为第一散热翅片（31）的分布高度。

Description

散热器及照明装置
本申请要求于2021年12月29日提交中国专利局、申请号为202111644188.X、申请名称为“一种散热器及照明装置”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本公开涉及散热器件技术领域，具体涉及一种散热器及照明装置。
背景技术
散热、控制结温是车辆照明装置设计与制造过程中最为重要的问题之一。车辆照明装置的光衰或其寿命与其结温直接相关，散热不好将直接导致结温升高、寿命缩短。同时车辆照明装置的造型越来越多样化和复杂化，散热性更好、体积更小的散热器可以让车辆照明装置的造型设计更有市场优势，同时续航里程更高，推进汽车轻量化进程。现有车辆照明装置中的散热器无法满足日益提高的对于其散热的性能需求。
现有散热器在空间利用率和提高散热效率方面存在技术发展瓶颈，而供车辆照明装置安装的空间有限，现有散热器的散热功率难以达到60W以上，而散热效率高的散热器则存在体型较大的问题，难以满足实际装车使用的需求。现有散热器的主要问题在于散热器结构和翅片设计的不合理导致热量难以快速传导和分散，因此，在该技术领域，亟需一种结构紧凑，空间利用率高以及生产使用更加方便的散热器。
发明内容
针对现有车辆照明装置散热器存在空间利用率和散热效率不足的问题，本公开提供了一种散热器及照明装置。
本公开解决上述技术问题所采用的技术方案如下：
一方面，本公开提供了一种散热器，包括第一基板和多个第一散热翅片，多个所述第一散热翅片沿第一预设方向间隔并排于所述第一基板上，所述散热器满足以下关系式1和关系式2的限制：
Figure PCTCN2022139495-appb-000001
其中，L为所述第一基板在所述第一预设方向上的长度，单位mm；
Figure PCTCN2022139495-appb-000002
为多个所述第一散热翅片的加权平均厚度，单位mm；
N为所述第一散热翅片的分布数量，N取正整数；
H∈{[(δ 1+δ 2)/2-1.2]/tan2θ，[(δ 1+δ 2)/2+1.2]/tan2θ}      关系式2
其中，δ 1为所述第一散热翅片厚度最大值，单位mm；
δ 2为所述第一散热翅片厚度最小值，单位mm；
θ为所述第一散热翅片的拔模角度，单位度；
H为所述第一散热翅片的分布高度，单位mm。
在一些实施方式中，所述散热器还包括第二基板和多个第二散热翅片，多个所述第一散热翅片沿所述第一预设方向间隔并排于所述第一基板的一侧表面，所述第二基板设置于所述第一基板的另一侧表面，多个所述第二散热翅片沿第二预设方向间隔并排于所述第二基板的 一侧表面，所述散热器满足以下关系式3和关系式4的限制：
Figure PCTCN2022139495-appb-000003
其中，L'为所述第二基板在所述第二预设方向上的长度，单位mm；
Figure PCTCN2022139495-appb-000004
为多个所述第二散热翅片的加权平均厚度，单位mm；
N'为所述第二散热翅片的分布数量，N'取正整数；
H'∈{[(δ 1'+δ 2')/2-1.2]/tan2θ'，[(δ 1'+δ 2')/2+1.2]/tan2θ'}      关系式4
其中，δ 1'为所述第二散热翅片厚度最大值，单位mm；
δ 2'为所述第二散热翅片厚度最小值，单位mm；
θ'为所述第二散热翅片的拔模角度，单位度；
H'为所述第二散热翅片的分布高度，单位mm。
在一些实施方式中，所述第一基板上开设有多个第一散热孔和多个第二散热孔，单个所述第一散热孔设置于相邻两个所述第一散热翅片之间，单个所述第二散热孔设置于相邻两个所述第一散热翅片之间，且单个所述第二散热孔设置于相邻两个所述第二散热翅片之间。
在一些实施方式中，所述第一基板的另一侧表面沿垂直于所述第一预设方向的方向依次形成有第一散热区、热传导接触区和第二散热区，所述第一基板和所述第二基板的交接线与所述第一预设方向和所述第二预设方向相平行，多个所述第一散热孔设置于所述第一散热区，所述热传导接触区用于安装光源，所述第二基板设置于所述热传导接触区和所述第二散热区之间，多个所述第二散热翅片位于所述第二基板上背离所述热传导接触区的侧面，所述第二散热翅片与所述第二散热区连接，多个所述第二散热孔设置于所述第二散热区。
在一些实施方式中，所述第二基板上沿所述第二预设方向的两侧分别设置有第一连接翼板和第二连接翼板，所述第一连接翼板上开设有第一连接孔位，所述第二连接翼板上开设有第二连接孔位，所述第一散热区的两侧分别设置有第一定位卡勾和第二定位卡勾，所述第一定位卡勾和所述第二定位卡勾均垂直于所述第一基板，所述第一定位卡勾上背离所述第二基板的一侧开设有第一卡槽，所述第二定位卡勾上背离所述第二基板的一侧开设有第二卡槽。
在一些实施方式中，所述第一连接翼板、所述第二连接翼板和所述第二基板位于同一平面。
在一些实施方式中，所述第一定位卡勾和所述第二定位卡勾用于所述散热器的前端定位，所述第一连接翼板和所述第二连接翼板用于所述散热器的后端定位以及安装。
在一些实施方式中，所述热传导接触区上设置有多个定位柱。
在一些实施方式中，所述第一散热翅片上间隔嵌入有多个顶针，所述顶针垂直于所述第一基板，所述顶针的外径大于所述第一散热翅片的厚度。
在一些实施方式中，所述散热器为一体压铸成型的镁合金件。
在一些实施方式中，所述镁合金件包括以下质量百分比的组分：
Al的含量为1％-5％、Zn的含量为0-0.2％、Mn的含量为0-1％、RE的含量为3％-6％、Mg的含量为87.7％-96％，其它元素的总量小于0.1％。
在一些实施方式中，所述镁合金件包括以下质量百分比的组分：
Al的含量为1％-5％、Zn的含量为0-0.2％、Mn的含量为0-1％、Ce的含量为0-4.0％、Nd的含量为0-0.5％，Mg的含量为83.2％-96％，其它元素的总量小于0.1％。
在一些实施方式中，所述镁合金件包括以下质量百分比的组分：
Al的含量为1％-5％、Zn的含量为0-0.2％、Mn的含量为0.8％-1％、Ce的含量为0.8％-2.5％、Nd的含量为0-0.5％，Mg的含量为83.2％-94.4％，其它元素的总量小于0.1％。
另一方面，本公开提供了一种照明装置，包括如上所述的散热器。
根据本公开提供的散热器，由于散热器上散热翅片在基板上的分布关系，如数量、排列间隔、高度设计等均对散热器的散热效果有较大的影响，因此，不同分布关系的散热翅片对于散热器的总体散热效果存在较大差异。本公开的发明人通过大量研究发现，当散热器的第一基板长度L、第一散热翅片的加权平均厚度
Figure PCTCN2022139495-appb-000005
第一散热翅片的分布数量N满足关系式1：
Figure PCTCN2022139495-appb-000006
且设计的第一散热翅片高度H、第一散热翅片厚度最大值δ1、第一散热翅片厚度最小值δ2和第一散热翅片的拔模角度θ满足关系式2：H∈{[(δ 1+δ 2)/2-1.2]/tan2θ，[(δ 1+δ 2)/2+1.2]/tan2θ}时，散热器能够获得最大的散热效果，散热功率达到60W以上，同时有效缩小了散热器体积，结构紧凑，减小了所需的占用空间，满足实际装车需求。
附图说明
图1是本公开提供的散热器的结构示意图；
图2是本公开提供的散热器的下方结构示意图；
图3是本公开提供的散热器的侧视图；
图4是图3中A处的放大示意图；
图5是本公开提供的照明装置的结构示意图。
说明书附图中的附图标记如下：
1、第一基板；11、第一散热区；12、热传导接触区；13、第二散热区；14、第一散热孔；15、第二散热孔；16、第一定位卡勾；161、第一卡槽；17、第二定位卡勾；171、第二卡槽；18、定位柱；2、第二基板；21、第一连接翼板；211、第一连接孔位；22、第二连接翼板；221、第二连接孔位；3、第一散热翅片；31、顶针；4、第二散热翅片。
具体实施方式
为了使本公开所解决的技术问题、技术方案及有益效果更加清楚明白，以下结合附图及实施例，对本公开进行进一步详细说明。应当理解，此处所描述的具体实施例仅仅用以解释本公开，并不用于限定本公开。
参见图1～图3所示，本公开一些实施例提供了一种散热器，包括第一基板1和多个第一散热翅片3，多个所述第一散热翅片3沿第一预设方向间隔并排于所述第一基板1上，所述散热器满足以下关系式1和关系式2的限制：
Figure PCTCN2022139495-appb-000007
其中，L为第一基板在所述第一预设方向上的长度，单位mm；
Figure PCTCN2022139495-appb-000008
为多个第一散热翅片的加权平均厚度，单位mm；
N为第一散热翅片的分布数量，N取正整数；
H∈{[(δ 1+δ 2)/2-1.2]/tan2θ，[(δ 1+δ 2)/2+1.2]/tan2θ}      关系式2
其中，δ 1为第一散热翅片厚度最大值，单位mm；
δ 2为第一散热翅片厚度最小值，单位mm；
θ为第一散热翅片的拔模角度，单位度；
H为第一散热翅片的分布高度，单位mm。
由于散热器上散热翅片在基板上的分布关系，如数量、排列间隔、高度设计等均对散热器的散热效果有较大的影响，因此，不同分布关系的散热翅片对于散热器的总体散热效果存在较大差异。发明人通过大量研究发现，当散热器的第一基板长度L、第一散热翅片的加权平均厚度
Figure PCTCN2022139495-appb-000009
第一散热翅片的分布数量N满足关系式1：
Figure PCTCN2022139495-appb-000010
且设计的第一散热翅片高度H、第一散热翅片厚度最大值δ1、第一散热翅片厚度最小值δ2和第一散热翅片的拔模角度θ满足关系式2：H∈{[(δ 1+δ 2)/2-1.2]/tan2θ，[(δ 1+δ 2)/2+1.2]/tan2θ}时，散热器能够获得最大的散热效果，散热功率达到60W以上，同时有效缩小了散热器体积，结构紧凑，减小了所需的占用空间，满足实际装车需求。
需要说明的是，在不同的实施例中，多个所述第一散热翅片3的形状可相同或不相同，当多个所述第一散热翅片3存在多个形状时，其应分别满足所述关系式2的限定。在一些实施例中，位于第一基板1上的多个所述第一散热翅片3的形状相同，以便于加工制造。
如图1和图2所示，在一些实施例中，所述散热器还包括第二基板2和多个第二散热翅片4，多个所述第一散热翅片3沿所述第一预设方向间隔并排于所述第一基板1的一侧表面，所述第二基板2设置于所述第一基板1的另一侧表面，具体的，所述第二基板2与所述第一基板1垂直，多个所述第二散热翅片4沿第二预设方向间隔并排于所述第二基板2的一侧表面，所述散热器满足以下关系式3和关系式4的限制：
Figure PCTCN2022139495-appb-000011
其中，L'为第二基板在所述第二预设方向上的长度，单位mm；
Figure PCTCN2022139495-appb-000012
为多个第二散热翅片的加权平均厚度，单位mm；
N'为第二散热翅片的分布数量，N'取正整数；
H'∈{[(δ 1'+δ 2')/2-1.2]/tan2θ'，[(δ 1'+δ 2')/2+1.2]/tan2θ'}     关系式4
其中，δ 1'为第二散热翅片厚度最大值，单位mm；
δ 2'为第二散热翅片厚度最小值，单位mm；
θ'为第二散热翅片的拔模角度，单位度；
H'为第二散热翅片的分布高度，单位mm。
其中，所述第一基板1用于安装光源，所述第二基板2用于所述第一基板1的辅助散热。
需要说明的是，在一些实施例中，多个所述第二散热翅片4的形状可相同或不相同，当多个所述第二散热翅片4存在多个形状时，其应分别满足所述关系式4的限定。在一些实施例中，位于第二基板2上的多个所述第二散热翅片4的形状相同，以便于加工制造。
在本公开的描述中，术语“拔模角度θ”和“拔模角度θ'”为工件在脱模时，为便于取出而设计的角度，具体如图4所示，拔模角度θ'为所述第二散热翅片侧面与中心轴线之间的倾斜角度。
在一些实施例中，所述第一基板1上开设有多个第一散热孔14和多个第二散热孔15，单个所述第一散热孔14设置于相邻两个所述第一散热翅片3之间，单个所述第二散热孔15设置于相邻两个所述第一散热翅片3之间，且单个所述第二散热孔15设置于相邻两个所述第二散热翅片4之间。
所述第一散热孔14用于所述第一散热翅片3的辅助散热，所述第二散热孔15用于所述第一散热翅片3和所述第二散热翅片4的辅助散热，所述散热器的散热过程中，主要依靠所述第一基板1与光源直接接触进行热传导，再由所述第一基板1、所述第二基板2、所述第一散热翅片3和所述第二散热翅片4之间的热传导进行热量分散，然后通过所述第一基板1、所述第二基板2、所述第一散热翅片3和所述第二散热翅片4分别与空气接触换热，在所述第一散热翅片3和所述第二散热翅片4与空气换热的过程中，会对其外周的空气进行加热，加热后的空气具有上升的趋势，而所述第一基板1在应用状态下是水平横置的，会对上升的热空气产生阻挡作用，通过在所述第一基板1上开设第一散热孔14和第二散热孔15能够减少所述第一基板1对于热空气的遮挡作用，提高空气流动效率，进而有利于换热效率的提升。
在一些实施例中，所述第一基板1的另一侧表面沿垂直于所述第一预设方向的方向依次形成有第一散热区11、热传导接触区12和第二散热区13，所述第一基板1和所述第二基板2的交接线与所述第一预设方向和所述第二预设方向相平行，多个所述第一散热孔14设置于所述第一散热区11，所述热传导接触区12用于安装光源，所述第二基板2设置于所述热传导接触区12和所述第二散热区13之间，多个所述第二散热翅片4位于所述第二基板2上背离所述热传导接触区12的侧面，所述第二散热翅片4与所述第二散热区13连接，多个所述第二散热孔15设置于所述第二散热区13。
在本公开的描述中，“垂直于所述第一预设方向的方向”应作广义理解，在一些实施例中，与所述第一预设方向呈80°～100°角的方向与垂直实质相同，也可以理解为“垂直于所述第一预设方向的方向”。
所述热传导接触区12一方面用于光源的安装，另一方面用于与所述第一散热区11、所述第二散热区13和所述第二基板2之间的热量传导，因此，所述热传导接触区12应具有与光源充分接触的面积，同时具有与所述第一散热区11、所述第二散热区13和所述第二基板2之间更大的连接截面。当所述散热器在应用状态下，所述第一散热翅片3为竖直设置，经由所述第一散热翅片3换热后的热空气沿所述第一散热翅片3的侧壁上升，通过在所述第一散热区11和所述第二散热区13开设的多个第一散热孔14和多个第二散热孔15能够促进热空气从在所述第一基板1下方和上方之间流动，进而促进所述第一基板1上方的空气对流，提高对于光源所在空间的散热效率；另一方面，所述第二散热孔15也利于所述第二散热翅片4侧壁热空气上升后下方空气的对流，提高所述第二散热翅片4的散热效率。
在一些实施例中，所述第二基板2上沿所述第二预设方向的两侧分别设置有第一连接翼板21和第二连接翼板22，所述第一连接翼板21上开设有第一连接孔位211，所述第二连接翼板22上开设有第二连接孔位221。在一些实施例中，所述第一连接翼板21和所述第二连接翼板22与所述第二基板2位于同一平面，所述第一散热区11的两侧分别设置有第一定位卡勾16和第二定位卡勾17，所述第一定位卡勾16和所述第二定位卡勾17位于所述第一基板1的端部两侧，所述第一定位卡勾16和所述第二定位卡勾17均垂直于所述第一基板1，所述第一定位卡勾16上背离所述第二基板2的一侧开设有第一卡槽161，所述第二定位卡勾17上背离所述第二基板2的一侧开设有第二卡槽171。
所述第一定位卡勾16和所述第二定位卡勾17用于所述散热器的前端定位，所述第一连接翼板21和所述第二连接翼板22用于所述散热器的后端定位以及安装，安装时，将所述第 一卡槽161和所述第二卡槽171分别嵌入照明装置的定位结构，同时设置螺钉穿入所述第一连接孔位211和所述第二连接孔221进行固定。
如图1所示，在一些实施例中，所述热传导接触区12上设置有多个定位柱18，以便于所述光源的安装定位。
在一些实施例中，所述第一散热翅片3上间隔嵌入有多个顶针31，所述顶针31垂直于所述第一基板1，所述顶针31的外径大于所述第一散热翅片3的厚度。
所述顶针31可以对所述第一散热翅片3之间的热空气流动起到扰流作用，同时，所述顶针31具有比所述第一散热翅片3更高的强度，可在压铸成型时作为脱模的支撑位点。
在一些实施例中，所述散热器为一体压铸成型的镁合金件。
通过将所述散热器一体压铸成型，有利于减少组装工序，同时也使得所述第一基板1、所述第二基板2、所述第一散热翅片3和所述第二散热翅片4一体化，提高各部分之间的热传导效率，不需要额外设置导热硅胶以保证连接处的紧密结合导热。将所述第一连接翼板21、所述第二连接翼板22、所述第一定位卡勾16和所述第二定位卡勾17与所述第一基板1一体成型，提高了导热的同时提高了光源和灯组透镜之间的安装精度。
采用镁合金作为所述散热器的材料，具有较高的导热率，同时兼顾力学性能，可以有效用于对导热性能要求较高、且要求轻量化的条件和环境下。
在一些实施例中，所述镁合金件包括以下质量百分比的组分：
Al的含量为1％-5％、Zn的含量为0-0.2％、Mn的含量为0-1％、RE的含量为3％-6％，Mg的含量为87.7％-96％，其它元素的总量小于0.1％。
上述组分中，Al可以提高镁合金的强度和耐腐蚀性能；Mn可以提高镁合金的伸长率和韧性；Zn能够发挥固溶强化作用并形成强化相，提高镁合金的力学强度，其中，RE指代稀土元素，用于细化晶粒。
在一些实施例中，所述镁合金件包括以下质量百分比的组分：
Al的含量为1％-5％、Zn的含量为0-0.2％、Mn的含量为0.8％-1％、RE的含量为3％-6％，Mg的含量为87.7％-95.2％，其它元素的总量小于0.1％。
通过元素选择，使得镁合金兼顾非常高的导热率和优异的力学性能，所述镁合金不仅可以用于对导热性能要求较高、而且有结构力学要求的场景，同时可以达到轻量化低成本的设计要求，特别适用制作汽车照明装置的散热器。散热器的轻量化设计是提高续航里程以及满足续航里程的要求的关键技术。
在一些实施例中，所述散热器的表面进行喷砂处理和阳极氧化处理，以进一步增大与空气的接触面积，加强热量向外周空气的辐射能力。
如图5所示，本公开的另一方面提供了一种照明装置，包括如上所述的散热器。
通过采用所述散热器，能够有效提高所述照明装置的散热效率，同时缩小了照明装置在车辆上安装所需的占用空间，达到轻量化低成本的设计要求。
以下通过实施例对本公开进行进一步的说明。
实施例1
本实施例用于说明本公开所公开的散热器，所述散热器包括第一基板、第二基板、多个 第一散热翅片和多个第二散热翅片，多个所述第一散热翅片沿所述第一预设方向间隔并排于所述第一基板的一侧表面，所述第二基板垂直设置于所述第一基板的另一侧表面，多个所述第二散热翅片沿所述第二预设方向间隔并排于所述第二基板的一侧表面。
所述第一基板上开设有多个第一散热孔和多个第二散热孔，单个所述第一散热孔设置于相邻两个所述第一散热翅片之间，单个所述第二散热孔设置于相邻两个所述第一散热翅片之间，且单个所述第二散热孔设置于相邻两个所述第二散热翅片之间。
所述第一基板的另一侧表面沿所述第一预设方向依次形成有第一散热区、热传导接触区和第二散热区，所述第一基板和所述第二基板的交接线与所述第一预设方向和所述第二预设方向相平行，多个所述第一散热孔设置于所述第一散热区，所述热传导接触区用于安装光源，所述第二基板设置于所述热传导接触区和所述第二散热区之间，多个所述第二散热翅片位于所述第二基板上背离所述热传导接触区的侧面，所述第二散热翅片与所述第二散热区连接，多个所述第二散热孔设置于所述第二散热区。
其中，该散热器满足以下条件：
Figure PCTCN2022139495-appb-000013
实施例2
本实施例用于说明本公开所公开的散热器，包括实施例1中大部分结构，其不同之处在于：
Figure PCTCN2022139495-appb-000014
Figure PCTCN2022139495-appb-000015
实施例3
本实施例用于说明本公开所公开的散热器，包括实施例1中大部分结构，其不同之处在于：
Figure PCTCN2022139495-appb-000016
Figure PCTCN2022139495-appb-000017
实施例4
本实施例用于说明本公开所公开的散热器，包括实施例1中大部分结构，其不同之处在于：
所述第一基板上没有设置所述第一散热孔和所述第二散热孔。
对比例1
本对比例用于对比说明本公开所公开的散热器，包括实施例1中大部分结构，其不同之处在于：
Figure PCTCN2022139495-appb-000018
对比例2
本对比例用于对比说明本公开所公开的散热器，包括实施例1中大部分结构，其不同之处在于：
Figure PCTCN2022139495-appb-000019
Figure PCTCN2022139495-appb-000020
性能测试
对上述实施例和对比例提供的散热器进行如下性能测试：
对实施例和对比例得到的散热器进行称重后，将相同功率的LED芯片分别安装于实施例和对比例得到的散热器上，启动LED芯片运行2H后，检测LED芯片的中心温度。得到的测试结果填入表1。
表1
样品 LED芯片中心温度/℃ 重量/g
实施例1 121.8 117
实施例2 122.0 126
实施例3 121.9 135
实施例4 122.6 119
对比例1 123.4 101
对比例2 123.1 143
从表1的测试结果可以看出，满足本公开提供的关系式1和关系式2限制的散热器在散热效率上具有明显的提升，能够有效降低LED芯片的中心温度，同时具有较低的重量，有利于车辆照明设备轻量化。具体地，比如实施例1的LED芯片中心温度最低，且其重量最轻。实施例1相较于对比例1，不同之处仅在于实施例1中第一散热翅片和第二散热翅片的数量更多。即实施例1相较于对比例1，在相同空间内安装有更多的散热翅片，此时，实施例1中LED芯片的中心温度也更低。因此，在满足本公开提供的关系式1和关系式2限制的前提下，实施例1通过在相同空间内安装更多的散热翅片，不仅提高了散热器的空间利用率，也提高了散热器的散热效率。又比如实施例4相较于对比例2，虽然第一基板没有设置第一散 热孔和第二散热孔，但由于第一基板在第一预设方向的长度更短、多个第一散热翅片的加权平均厚度更薄、第一散热翅片的分布数量更少，因此体积更小、重量也更轻。从表1的测试结果可以看出，实施例4相较于对比例2，LED芯片中心温度也更低。因此，在满足本公开提供的关系式1和关系式2限制的前提下，实施例4的散热器体积更小、重量更轻、散热效率更高。综上所述，本公开所公开的散热器解决了空间利用率和散热效率不足的问题。
以上所述仅为本公开的较佳实施例而已，并不用以限制本公开，凡在本公开的精神和原则之内所作的任何修改、等同替换和改进等，均应包含在本公开的保护范围之内。

Claims (14)

  1. 一种散热器，其特征在于，包括第一基板(1)和多个第一散热翅片(3)，多个所述第一散热翅片(3)沿第一预设方向间隔并排于所述第一基板(1)上，所述散热器满足以下关系式1和关系式2的限制：
    Figure PCTCN2022139495-appb-100001
    其中，L为所述第一基板(1)在所述第一预设方向上的长度，单位mm；
    Figure PCTCN2022139495-appb-100002
    为多个所述第一散热翅片(3)的加权平均厚度，单位mm；
    N为所述第一散热翅片(3)的分布数量，N取正整数；
    H∈{[(δ 1+δ 2 )/2-1.2]/tan2θ，[(δ 1+δ 2)/2+1.2]/tan2θ}  关系式2
    其中，δ 1为所述第一散热翅片(3)厚度最大值，单位mm；
    δ 2为所述第一散热翅片(3)厚度最小值，单位mm；
    θ为所述第一散热翅片(3)的拔模角度，单位度；
    H为所述第一散热翅片(3)的分布高度，单位mm。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的散热器，其特征在于，所述散热器还包括第二基板(2)和多个第二散热翅片(4)，多个所述第一散热翅片(3)沿所述第一预设方向间隔并排于所述第一基板(1)的一侧表面，所述第二基板(2)设置于所述第一基板(1)的另一侧表面，多个所述第二散热翅片(4)沿第二预设方向间隔并排于所述第二基板(2)的一侧表面，所述散热器满足以下关系式3和关系式4的限制：
    Figure PCTCN2022139495-appb-100003
    其中，L'为所述第二基板(2)在所述第二预设方向上的长度，单位mm；
    Figure PCTCN2022139495-appb-100004
    为多个所述第二散热翅片(4)的加权平均厚度，单位mm；
    N'为所述第二散热翅片(4)的分布数量，N'取正整数；
    H'∈{[(δ 1'+δ 2')/2-1.2]/tan2θ'，[(δ 1'+δ 2')/2+1.2]/tan2θ'}  关系式4
    其中，δ 1'为所述第二散热翅片(4)厚度最大值，单位mm；
    δ 2'为所述第二散热翅片(4)厚度最小值，单位mm；
    θ'为所述第二散热翅片(4)的拔模角度，单位度；
    H'为所述第二散热翅片(4)的分布高度，单位mm。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的散热器，其特征在于，所述第一基板(1)上开设有多个第一散热孔(14)和多个第二散热孔(15)，单个所述第一散热孔(14)设置于相邻两个所述第一散热翅片(3)之间，单个所述第二散热孔(15)设置于相邻两个所述第一散热翅片(3)之间，且单个所述第二散热孔(15)设置于相邻两个所述第二散热翅片(4)之间。
  4. 根据权利要求2或3所述的散热器，其特征在于，所述第一基板(1)的另一侧表面沿垂直于所述第一预设方向的方向依次形成有第一散热区(11)、热传导接触区(12)和第二散热区(13)，所述第一基板(1)和所述第二基板(2)的交接线与所述第一预设方向和所述 第二预设方向相平行，多个所述第一散热孔(14)设置于所述第一散热区(11)，所述热传导接触区(12)用于安装光源，所述第二基板(2)设置于所述热传导接触区(12)和所述第二散热区(13)之间，多个所述第二散热翅片(4)位于所述第二基板(2)上背离所述热传导接触区(12)的侧面，所述第二散热翅片(4)与所述第二散热区(13)连接，多个所述第二散热孔(15)设置于所述第二散热区(13)。
  5. 根据权利要求2至4任一项所述的散热器，其特征在于，所述第二基板(2)上沿所述第二预设方向的两侧分别设置有第一连接翼板(21)和第二连接翼板(22)，所述第一连接翼板(21)上开设有第一连接孔位(211)，所述第二连接翼板(22)上开设有第二连接孔位(221)，所述第一散热区(11)的两侧分别设置有第一定位卡勾(16)和第二定位卡勾(17)，所述第一定位卡勾(16)和所述第二定位卡勾(17)均垂直于所述第一基板(1)，所述第一定位卡勾(16)上背离所述第二基板(2)的一侧开设有第一卡槽(161)，所述第二定位卡勾(17)上背离所述第二基板(2)的一侧开设有第二卡槽(171)。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的散热器，其特征在于，所述第一连接翼板(21)、所述第二连接翼板(22)和所述第二基板(2)位于同一平面。
  7. 根据权利要求5或6所述的散热器，其特征在于，所述第一定位卡勾(16)和所述第二定位卡勾(17)用于所述散热器的前端定位，所述第一连接翼板(21)和所述第二连接翼板(22)用于所述散热器的后端定位以及安装。
  8. 根据权利要求4至7任一项所述的散热器，其特征在于，所述热传导接触区(12)上设置有多个定位柱(18)。
  9. 根据权利要求1至8任一项所述的散热器，其特征在于，所述第一散热翅片(3)上间隔嵌入有多个顶针(31)，所述顶针(31)垂直于所述第一基板(1)，所述顶针(31)的外径大于所述第一散热翅片(3)的厚度。
  10. 根据权利要求1至9任一项所述的散热器，其特征在于，所述散热器为一体压铸成型的镁合金件。
  11. 根据权利要求10所述的散热器，其特征在于，所述镁合金件包括以下质量百分比的组分：
    Al的含量为1％-5％、Zn的含量为0-0.2％、Mn的含量为0-1％、RE的含量为3％-6％、Mg的含量为87.7％-96％，其它元素的总量小于0.1％。
  12. 根据权利要求10所述的散热器，其特征在于，所述镁合金件包括以下质量百分比的组分：
    Al的含量为1％-5％、Zn的含量为0-0.2％、Mn的含量为0-1％、Ce的含量为0-4.0％、Nd的含量为0-0.5％，Mg的含量为83.2％-96％，其它元素的总量小于0.1％。
  13. 根据权利要求10所述的散热器，其特征在于，所述镁合金件包括以下质量百分比的组分：
    Al的含量为1％-5％、Zn的含量为0-0.2％、Mn的含量为0.8％-1％、Ce的含量为0.8％-2.5％、Nd的含量为0-0.5％，Mg的含量为83.2％-94.4％，其它元素的总量小于0.1％。
  14. 一种照明装置，其特征在于，包括如权利要求1～13任意一项所述的散热器。
PCT/CN2022/139495 2021-12-29 2022-12-16 散热器及照明装置 WO2023125062A1 (zh)

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