WO2023124885A1

WO2023124885A1 - Antenna, array antenna and electronic device

Info

Publication number: WO2023124885A1
Application number: PCT/CN2022/137687
Authority: WO
Inventors: 徐丹; 许广成; 沈飞
Original assignee: 华为技术有限公司
Priority date: 2021-12-29
Filing date: 2022-12-08
Publication date: 2023-07-06
Also published as: CN116417779A

Abstract

Provided in the embodiments of the present application are an antenna, an array antenna and an electronic device. The antenna comprises an antenna main body. The antenna main body is provided with a radiation aperture face, which is provided with at least one radiation aperture. The radiation aperture is provided with one or more conductive pieces, which divide the radiation aperture into a plurality of sub-radiation apertures. The sub-radiation apertures are arranged at intervals in a direction perpendicular to an electric field at the radiation aperture face, and are all located on the radiation aperture face, so that the energy density of the radiation aperture is subjected to weighted distribution by at least two sub-radiation apertures. Thus, the antenna changes from a traditional cylindrical wavefront to an approximately planar wavefront, thereby increasing the gain of the antenna. Therefore, when the antenna of the embodiments of the present application is manufactured, the cross section height and the size of the radiation aperture face of the antenna can be reduced. In addition, the size of each sub-radiation aperture in the direction perpendicular to the electric field is 0.3λ-2λ so as to guarantee that electromagnetic waves with a certain frequency can pass through the corresponding sub-radiation apertures.

Description

Antennas, Array Antennas and Electronic Equipment

This application claims the priority of a Chinese patent application with application number 202111635110.1 and application title "Antenna, Array Antenna, and Electronic Equipment" filed with the China Patent Office on December 29, 2021, the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference .

technical field

The embodiments of the present application relate to the technical field of antennas, and in particular, to an antenna, an array antenna, and an electronic device.

Background technique

In recent years, with the rapid development of electronic equipment such as vehicle-mounted millimeter-wave radar systems, electronic equipment with broadband, high transmission rate, miniaturization, and multi-functional integration are still called development trends. Since high-frequency bands such as millimeter waves can meet the above requirements, Millimeter-wave radar antennas have attracted much attention in recent years.

Due to the advantages of low insertion loss, high gain, and easy realization of ultra-low sidelobes, waveguide antennas have attracted more and more attention. Generally, the section height of the antenna such as the waveguide antenna and the radiation opening are generally made larger to reduce the phase difference of energy distribution on the radiation opening, thereby increasing the gain of the waveguide antenna.

However, in the related art, the cross-sectional height of the antenna and the size of the radiation aperture are relatively large, which is not conducive to the miniaturization of the antenna.

Contents of the invention

Embodiments of the present application provide an antenna, an array antenna, and electronic equipment, which can reduce the cross-sectional height and radiation aperture size of the antenna on the basis of ensuring the gain of the antenna, and realize miniaturization of the antenna.

An embodiment of the present application provides an antenna, including an antenna body;

The antenna main body has a radiation port surface, at least one radiation port is provided on the radiation port, and a conductive member is arranged at the radiation port, and the conductive member divides the radiation port into two sub-radiation ports; or, the radiation port is provided with a plurality of conductive pieces, a plurality of conductive pieces are arranged at intervals along the direction of the electric field perpendicular to the radiation port;

A plurality of radiation sub-ports are arranged at intervals along the direction of the electric field perpendicular to the surface of the radiation port, and each sub-radiation port is located on the surface of the radiation port, and the size of each sub-radiation port along the direction perpendicular to the electric field is 0.3λ～2λ, where λ is The operating wavelength of the antenna.

In the antenna provided by the embodiment of the present application, the radiation opening of the antenna body is divided into a plurality of sub-radiation openings arranged at intervals along the direction perpendicular to the electric field through conductive members, so that the energy on the radiation opening is weighted by at least two sub-radiation openings, and the energy The phase difference between the center point and the edge of the radiation port is smaller than the phase difference between the center point and the edge of the radiation port in the related art, so that the antenna changes from a traditional spherical wave front to an approximate plane wave front, and the energy density on the radiation port surface is at least The weighted distribution of the two sub-radiation openings makes the energy distribution density at the radiation opening surface more uniform, thereby increasing the gain of the antenna, so that when making the antenna of the embodiment of the present application, the section height of the antenna and the radiation opening surface can be reduced. The size makes the antenna of the embodiment of the present application miniaturized. In addition, by setting the size of each sub-radiation port perpendicular to the direction of the electric field within the above-mentioned range, it is ensured that the electromagnetic wave energy of a certain frequency can be radiated from the corresponding sub-radiation port to realize signal transmission and reduce energy loss. , improve the gain of the antenna, and also avoid the excessive size of the sub-radiation port along the direction perpendicular to the electric field, so that the radiation port surface cannot be divided into more sub-radiation ports, resulting in the limitation of the antenna gain of the embodiment of the present application Situation happens.

In addition, by arranging a plurality of conductive parts at intervals on the radiation opening surface of the antenna, on the one hand, the radiation opening surface can be divided into more sub-radiation openings, so that the energy in the radiation section can be weighted in more areas, so that The energy density on the surface of the radiation port is more uniform. On the other hand, in actual design, the position of the conductive parts can be adjusted, for example, the distance between two adjacent conductive parts can be adjusted to adjust the energy density of the sub-radiation port. size, so that the antenna can meet the actual required electrical performance, that is, the electrical performance of the antenna in the embodiment of the present application can be adjusted more easily.

In a feasible implementation manner, the conductive element is located inside the antenna main body, and two ends of the conductive element are respectively connected to inner walls of the antenna main body.

In the embodiment of the present application, by arranging the conductive member inside the antenna main body, the size occupied by the conductive member in the cross-sectional height of the antenna is reduced, thereby reducing the cross-sectional height of the antenna in the embodiment of the present application, making the antenna more miniaturized. In addition, by connecting the two ends of the conductive member to the inner wall of the antenna main body, the stability of the conductive member in the antenna main body is enhanced, making the structure of the whole antenna more stable, and ensuring the structural stability of each sub-radiation port.

In a feasible implementation manner, the conductive member and the antenna main body are integrally formed as one piece.

In the embodiment of the present application, the conductive part and the antenna main body are provided as an integrated part, for example, the conductive part and the antenna main body can be integrally cast, which simplifies the manufacturing process of the antenna and improves the manufacturing efficiency of the antenna. The connection stability between the conductive member and the antenna main body makes the structure of the whole antenna more stable and reliable.

In a feasible implementation manner, the antenna body includes a first part and a second part arranged in sequence along the axial direction;

The antenna is a waveguide antenna, the first part includes the waveguide section and part of the radiation section of the antenna, and the second part is another part of the radiation section;

The first part and the second part are separate parts, and the conductive part and the second part are integrally formed as one piece.

In the embodiment of the present application, the antenna main body is set as two separate first parts and second parts, and the conductive part and the second part of a part of the horn section are set as an integral part. In this way, during production, the The first part is poured and formed at one time, and the second part and the conductive part are casted and formed at one time. Because the section height of the second part is smaller than that of the entire antenna body, the integrated structure of the second part and the conductive part is easier to fall off during the pouring process. The mold reduces the impact of the conductive parts on the radiation port surface on the demoulding process, thereby making the manufacturing process of the antenna simpler and faster, and improving the manufacturing efficiency of the antenna in the embodiment of the present application.

In a feasible implementation manner, a positioning mark is provided on the radiation port surface, and the positioning mark is used for positioning the conductive element on the radiation port face.

By setting the positioning mark on the radiation opening surface, the conductive member can accurately set the corresponding position of the radiation opening surface through the positioning mark, making the installation and positioning between the conductive member and the antenna main body more convenient and quick.

In a feasible implementation, a limiting groove is formed on the surface of the radiation opening, and the limiting groove is located on both sides of the radiation opening along the direction of the electric field, and at least part of the conductive member located outside the radiation opening is embedded in the limiting groove. The position slot is configured as a positioning mark, so that, on the one hand, the conductive part can be accurately installed on the corresponding position of the radiation port surface through the limit slot to ensure that the size of each sub-radiation port is within the setting range; on the other hand, it can limit Conductive parts move in the direction perpendicular to the electric field to ensure the structural stability of the sub-radiation openings. In addition, by embedding the conductive parts in the limiting slots, the conductive parts are prevented from occupying the size of the antenna along the height direction, thereby ensuring that the antenna low profile.

In a feasible implementation manner, the antenna further includes a connecting piece;

The connecting part cover is arranged on the radiation opening surface, and the conductive part is arranged on the connecting part, which can ensure that the conductive part is stably arranged in the radiation opening surface.

In a feasible implementation manner, the connecting element is a diaphragm, and a conductive pattern is formed on the diaphragm, and the conductive pattern is configured as a conductive element.

In the embodiment of the present application, the connector is set as a diaphragm, and a conductive pattern is formed on the diaphragm as a conductive member to separate the radiation port surface. On the one hand, the stability of the conductive member in the radiation port is ensured, so that the The area separation of the radiation port is more reliable, ensuring the uniformity of the energy density distribution of the radiation port. On the other hand, the diaphragm occupies a small size in the direction of the section height of the entire antenna, so that the section height of the antenna in the embodiment of the present application is smaller. will not be affected, in other words, the low profile of the antenna of the embodiment of the present application can be guaranteed.

In a feasible implementation, there is a certain distance between the outer edge of the conductive member and the inner wall of the antenna main body in the direction parallel to the radiation port, that is, the conductive member is suspended in the radiation port. On the basis of separating the area of the surface so that the radiation port surface forms at least two sub-radiation ports, the conductive member can be used as the reference ground of the antenna to achieve impedance matching of the antenna and improve the working performance of the antenna.

In a feasible implementation manner, the radial cross-sectional areas of the plurality of radiation sub-ports are equal or unequal.

In the embodiment of the present application, by setting the radial cross-sectional areas of multiple sub-radiation openings to be equal or unequal, for example, when there are multiple conductive elements on the surface of the radiation opening, the distance between two adjacent conductive elements can be equal, It may also be unequal, thereby reducing the requirement for setting the position of the conductive element, making the arrangement of the conductive element more flexible and convenient, thereby improving the manufacturing efficiency of the antenna in the embodiment of the present application.

In a feasible implementation manner, the outer wall of the conductive member is wrapped with a reinforcement layer, and the material of the reinforcement layer includes any one of foam plastics, non-polar resin, and weak polar resin.

In the embodiment of the present application, the structural strength of the conductive member is enhanced by wrapping the outer wall of the conductive member with a reinforcing layer. Stable, thereby improving the structural stability of each sub-radiation port. Wherein, the reinforcement layer can be made of low dielectric constant materials such as foam plastics, non-polar resin, weak polarity resin, etc., so as to reduce or even ignore the energy loss of the reinforcement layer to electromagnetic waves and ensure the radiation performance of the antenna.

In a feasible implementation manner, there are multiple radiation ports, and the multiple radiation ports are arranged at intervals at one end of the antenna main body.

In the embodiment of the present application, by setting a plurality of spaced radiation ports on the antenna body, the antenna in the embodiment of the present application forms an array antenna. For example, when a plurality of radiation ports are arranged in an array on the end surface of the antenna body, the antenna forms two In this way, energy weighting can be realized between the elements formed by the radiation ports of the antenna, thereby increasing the gain of the antenna in the embodiment of the present application, widening the bandwidth of the antenna, and improving the working performance of the antenna. It can be ensured that the size of the antenna in terms of profile height will not be affected, that is, the low profile of the antenna can be ensured.

In a feasible implementation, the antenna is any one of a waveguide slot antenna, a waveguide horn antenna, and a waveguide probe antenna. In other words, the radiation surface of any waveguide antenna, such as waveguide slot antenna, waveguide horn antenna, waveguide probe antenna, etc., can be improved to realize the characteristics of high gain and low profile of the waveguide antenna, which enriches the application of the antenna in the embodiment of the present application Scenes.

Another aspect of the embodiments of the present application provides an array antenna, including multiple antennas as described above, and the multiple antennas are arranged in an array.

The array antenna provided by the embodiment of the present application uses the above-mentioned antenna to form an array antenna, so that each antenna is miniaturized, thereby reducing the size of the entire array antenna, saving the occupied space in electronic equipment such as a radar system, and realizing electronic Miniaturization of equipment. From another perspective, by miniaturizing each antenna, the number of antennas in the array antenna can be increased within a certain size of electronic equipment, thereby improving the radiation performance of the array antenna and ensuring the communication performance of the electronic equipment.

Another aspect of the embodiment of the present application provides an electronic device, including a radio frequency circuit and the above-mentioned antenna;

The feeding surface of the antenna is electrically connected with the radio frequency circuit.

In the embodiment of the present application, by setting the above-mentioned antenna in the electronic device, the gain of the antenna is improved, the signal transmission performance of the electronic device is ensured, the low profile of the antenna is realized, and the occupied size of the antenna in the electronic device is reduced. Arranging other components in the device provides a suitable space. For example, on the basis of ensuring a certain size of the electronic device, an array antenna can be arranged in the electronic device to further improve the performance of the electronic device, so that the electronic device can meet more Requirements to adapt to more application scenarios.

Description of drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an electronic device provided by an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an antenna in the related art;

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the energy distribution of the antenna in the related art;

Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of one of the antennas provided by an embodiment of the present application;

Figure 5 is a top view of Figure 4;

FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of energy distribution of one of the antennas provided by an embodiment of the present application;

Fig. 7 is another schematic structural diagram of the antenna provided by an embodiment of the present application;

Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the radiation port surface in Fig. 7;

FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of injection molding and demoulding of the antenna provided by an embodiment of the present application;

Fig. 10 is a schematic diagram of injection molding and demoulding of an array antenna provided by an embodiment of the present application;

Fig. 11 is another structural schematic diagram of the antenna provided by an embodiment of the present application;

Fig. 12 is another schematic structural diagram of the antenna provided by an embodiment of the present application;

Figure 13 is an exploded view of the structure of Figure 12;

Fig. 14 is another schematic structural diagram of the antenna provided by an embodiment of the present application;

Fig. 15 is another structural schematic diagram of the antenna provided by an embodiment of the present application;

Fig. 16 is another schematic structural diagram of the antenna provided by an embodiment of the present application;

Fig. 17 is another structural schematic diagram of the antenna provided by an embodiment of the present application;

Fig. 18 is another schematic structural diagram of the antenna provided by an embodiment of the present application;

Fig. 19 is another schematic structural diagram of the antenna provided by an embodiment of the present application;

Fig. 20 is another structural schematic diagram of the antenna provided by an embodiment of the present application;

Fig. 21 is a characteristic result diagram of the return loss of the antenna provided by an embodiment of the present application;

Fig. 22 is a characteristic result diagram of low sidelobes in the vertical plane of the antenna provided by an embodiment of the present application;

Fig. 23 is a characteristic result diagram of the horizontal plane wide beam of the antenna provided by an embodiment of the present application.

Explanation of reference signs:

1. 100-antenna; 200-radio frequency circuit; 300-circuit board; 400-transfer structure; 500-processing unit; 600-function chip; 700-radome; 800-support column; 900-casting mold;

110-antenna main body; 120-conductive parts; 4, 101-radiation port surface; 5, 102-feeding surface; 6, 103-radiation port; 130-connector; 140-strengthening layer; 910-upper mold; 920- Lower mold;

2. 111-waveguide section; 3.112-radiation section; 101a-positioning mark; 1011-limiting groove; 1031-sub-radiation port; 110a-first part; 110b-second part; Cavity; 922-glue filling port; 923-support portion;

923a - groove.

Detailed ways

The terms used in the embodiments of the present application are only used to explain specific embodiments of the present application, and are not intended to limit the present application.

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an electronic device provided by an embodiment of the present application. Referring to FIG. 1 , the embodiment of the present application provides an electronic device, which can send signals such as sound and distance to other devices through the internal antenna 100, or the electronic device can receive signals from external devices, etc., through the internal antenna 100. signal sent.

The technical solutions provided in the embodiments of the present application are applicable to electronic devices using one or more of the following communication technologies: Bluetooth (blue-tooth, BT) communication technology, global positioning system (global positioning system, GPS) communication technology, wireless fidelity (wireless fidelity, WiFi) communication technology, global system for mobile communications (GSM) communication technology, wideband code division multiple access (wideband code division multiple access, WCDMA) communication technology, long term evolution (LTE) Communication technology, 5G communication technology and other future communication technologies, etc.

It should be noted that the electronic device in the embodiment of the present application may be a mobile phone, a tablet computer, a notebook computer, a smart home, a smart bracelet, a smart watch, a smart helmet, and smart glasses. The electronic device may also be a cellular phone, a cordless phone, a session initiation protocol (SIP) phone, a wireless local loop (WLL) station, a personal digital assistant (PDA), a Functional handheld devices, computing devices or other processing devices connected to wireless modems, vehicle-mounted devices, electronic devices in the 5G network or electronic devices in the future evolution of the public land mobile network (PLMN), etc., this The application embodiments do not limit this.

The electronic device in the embodiment of the present application is described by taking a vehicle-mounted device as an example. Wherein, the vehicle-mounted device may be a device on a vehicle such as a manned or unmanned vehicle, a manned or unmanned ship, a train, or an airplane.

Referring to FIG. 1 , the embodiment of the present application is specifically described by taking the vehicle-mounted device as a radar system as an example. The radar system may be a speed radar system. For example, the speed measuring radar system can measure the rotation speed of the wheels to measure the speed of vehicles such as cars. The on-vehicle radar system may be an obstacle detection radar system, for example, the obstacle detection radar system can observe the terrain when there is no visibility or poor visibility, and warn the driver to prevent accidents. The on-vehicle radar system may be an adaptive cruise control radar, for example, the adaptive cruise control radar can adapt to the surrounding environment of the vehicle, and maintain a safe speed with the preceding vehicle according to the speeds of the own vehicle and the preceding vehicle.

It can be understood that both sending and receiving of signals in the detection of the radar system need to be completed through the antenna 100 . Since the millimeter-wave antenna 100 has advantages such as wide frequency band, high transmission rate, and miniaturization, the millimeter-wave radar system becomes a development trend.

Referring to FIG. 1 , an electronic device such as a radar system may include an antenna 100 , a radio frequency circuit 200 and a circuit board 300 , wherein one end of the antenna 100 is electrically connected to the radio frequency circuit 200 . The radio frequency circuit 200 may be a radio frequency integrated circuit (Radio Frequency Integrated Circuit, RFIC for short) integrated on the circuit board 300 . For example, the antenna 100 is arranged on the circuit board 300, and one end of the antenna 100 can be electrically connected to the radio frequency circuit 200 on the circuit board 300 through a transfer structure 400 such as a feed network, so that the antenna 100 and the radio frequency circuit 200 The mutual transmission of radio frequency signals.

In addition, the circuit board 300 is also provided with a processing unit 500 such as a digital signal processor (Digital Signal Processor, referred to as DSP), the DSP and the RFIC can be respectively located on the two opposite surfaces of the circuit board 300, and the DSP and the RFIC pass through the circuit The wires on the board 300 are electrically connected, and the antenna 100 and the RFIC are arranged on the same side of the circuit board 300 to facilitate the electrical connection between the antenna 100 and the RFIC. In practical applications, functional chips 600 such as other memory chips and control chips are also arranged on the circuit board 300 .

In a specific application, the radar system further includes a radome 700 . Components such as the antenna 100 and the circuit board 300 are all arranged in the radome 700 to protect the components such as the antenna 100 in the radar system from the external environment. The radome 700 has good electromagnetic wave penetration properties in terms of electrical properties, and can withstand the effects of harsh external environments in terms of mechanical properties. The components of the radar system are protected by the radome 700 to prevent the components in the radar system from falling dust or being damaged by water. The two ends of the circuit board 300 can be fixed on the inner wall of the radome 700 through the supporting columns 800 to improve the stability of the circuit board 300 and the components integrated on the circuit board 300 .

It can be understood that the radar system is provided with a transmitting antenna and a receiving antenna, wherein the transmitting antenna or the receiving antenna may include one or more antennas 100 . For example, referring to FIG. 1 , three antennas 100 are provided in the radar system, and the three antennas 100 may be transmitting antennas or receiving antennas.

Wherein, a plurality of antennas 100 as transmitting antennas or receiving antennas may be arranged in an array in the radar system, in other words, electronic equipment such as a radar system also includes an array antenna, and the array antenna includes a plurality of antennas 100 arranged in an array .

Wherein, the plurality of antennas 100 in the array antenna can be arranged on the circuit board 300 in an A*B array, where A is the number of rows of the array formed by the plurality of antennas 100, and A can be any discrete value greater than or equal to 1 For example, A may be 1, 2 or 3, etc., B is the number of columns of the array formed by multiple antennas 100, and B may be any discrete value greater than or equal to 1, for example, B may be 1, 2 or 3, etc. For example, referring to FIG. 1 , the array antenna includes three antennas 100 arranged on a circuit board 300 in a 1*3 array.

It can be understood that when A or B is 1, the array antenna is a linear array antenna. For example, as shown in FIG. 1 , when both A and B are greater than 1, the array antenna is formed as a planar array antenna. Wherein, the area array antenna may be a planar array antenna, for example, multiple antennas 100 are arrayed on the same plane. In other examples, the area array antenna may also be a curved surface array antenna, for example, multiple antennas 100 are arranged in an array on a curved surface, and the embodiment of the present application does not limit the arrangement manner of the array antenna.

Taking the antenna 100 as the transmitting antenna as an example, the radio frequency circuit 200 such as RFIC can provide a signal source for the antenna 100, for example, the feed end of the antenna 100 is electrically connected to the radio frequency signal port in the radio frequency circuit 200, so that the radio frequency signal port transmits radio frequency signals, The radio frequency signal is fed into the antenna 100 in the form of electric current, and then the antenna 100 sends the radio frequency signal to the target object in the form of electromagnetic wave, and the target object reflects the electromagnetic wave signal and is received by the receiving antenna of the vehicle-mounted device.

When the antenna 100 is a receiving antenna, the radio frequency circuit 200 can receive the radio frequency signal fed back by the antenna 100, for example, the antenna 100 converts the received electromagnetic wave signal into a current signal, and then transmits it to the radio frequency circuit 200 through the switching structure 400, and then Subsequent processing is carried out by DSP.

Among them, in the radar system, the indicators of the antenna 100 include bandwidth, gain, 3dB beam width in the horizontal plane, sidelobe level, and the like. Among them, a wider bandwidth means that the radar system can support higher resolution. A higher gain means that the energy transmitted or received by the antenna 100 is stronger, so that the radar system can support detection at a longer distance. The 3dB beam width on the horizontal plane represents the angle between the two directions where the radiation power drops by 3dB on both sides of the maximum radiation direction in the horizontal plane direction. The larger the 3dB beam width on the horizontal plane, the larger the detection angle of the radar system and the larger the detection range. . The sidelobe level on the vertical surface represents the ratio of the maximum value of the sidelobe to the maximum value of the main lobe on the vertical surface. The lower the sidelobe level on the vertical surface, the stronger the anti-interference ability of the radar system and the better the detection accuracy. high.

Because the waveguide antenna in the antenna 100 has advantages such as small insertion loss, high gain, and easy realization of ultra-low sidelobes, it has attracted more and more attention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an antenna in the related art. Referring to Fig. 2, in the related art, antenna 1, such as waveguide antenna, has a feeding surface 5 and a radiation opening surface 4 arranged opposite to each other along the height direction (shown in the z direction with reference to Fig. 2), wherein, the feeding surface 5 and the The radio frequency circuit 200 is electrically connected, so that the radio frequency circuit 200 can transmit a radio frequency signal to the antenna 100, and the radio frequency signal forms an electric field perpendicular to the height direction in the antenna 100, and the electric field is converted into an electromagnetic wave, and is radiated through the radiation port 4. Port 6 spreads out to realize the function of sending a signal.

Continuing to refer to Figure 2, taking the horn antenna as an example, the antenna 1 includes a waveguide section 2 and a radiation section 3. It can be understood that the waveguide section 2 is the straight-through section of the antenna 1, and the radiation section 3 is the horn section of the antenna 1. One end of section 2 is connected to radiating section 3 , the end surface of the other end of waveguide section 2 is used as feeding surface 5 of antenna 1 , and the end surface of radiating section 3 away from waveguide section 2 is used as radiation interface 4 of antenna 1 .

When specifically set up, the antenna 1 is electrically connected to the radio frequency circuit 200 through the feeding surface 5, so that the radio frequency circuit 200 transmits the radio frequency signal to the waveguide section 2 through the feeding surface 5, and the energy is gathered in the waveguide section 2, and then transmitted to the radiation Section 3, the energy is distributed reasonably perpendicular to the radial direction in the radiation section 3, and reaches the radiation port 4 at one end of the radiation section 3, and finally the radio frequency signal is radiated in the form of electromagnetic waves through the radiation port 6 on the radiation port 4 .

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the energy distribution of the antenna in the related art. Referring to FIG. 3 , FIG. 3 shows a longitudinal cross-sectional view of a horn section of an antenna such as a waveguide horn antenna in the related art. Wherein, O point is the starting point of the energy of the horn section, O' point is the center point of the radiation port surface 4, B point and C point are respectively the end points on the two symmetrical edges of the radiation port 6 along OO', in other words, B Point C and Point C are the opposite ends of the radiation port 6 along the x direction, so it can be understood that BC is the connection line between the two opposite ends of the radiation port 6 along the direction perpendicular to the electric field.

It should be noted that, referring to FIG. 2 , the direction of the electric field at the radiation port 6 is the a direction, and the a direction coincides with the y direction as an example for illustration.

Referring to Fig. 3, it can be seen that the OO' value is smaller than the OB value and the OC value, and the distance between the O point and the radiation port 4 is in the direction from the O' point to both sides (such as the B point or the C point) In this way, the time for energy to reach the radiation port 4 from point O is gradually extended in the direction from point O' to both sides (i.e. point B or point C), in other words, the energy from point O to The phase on the radiation port 4 gradually delays from point O' to both sides (that is, point B or point C), so that the energy density distribution on the radiation port 4 gradually moves from point O' to point B or point C. decreases, and the value of the energy density at point O' differs greatly from the value at point B. Correspondingly, the value of energy density at point O' differs greatly from the value at point C, that is, the energy density in the antenna 1 For example, the uneven distribution on the radiation port 4 of the waveguide antenna.

It should be noted that the OO' value refers to the length of OO', the OB value refers to the length of OB, and OC refers to the length of OC.

Continuing to refer to Fig. 3, wherein, with O as the center and OO' as the radius, the phases of any point on the spherical surface are equal. For example, for the cross-sectional structure of the waveguide antenna, the arc B'C' in Fig. 3 is a partial arc of a circle with O as the center, then the value of OB' = OO' value = OC' value, so that the B' The phases of the energy on C' are equal, that is, the B'C' is an equi-phase plane, so that the antenna 1 is a spherical wavefront, and its gain is small. Among them, the value of OB' is the length of OB', and the value of OC' is the length of OC'.

Based on the above, it can be seen that when the profile height of the antenna 1 is larger, that is, the OO' value is larger, then when the radial size of the radiating section 3, such as the horn section, is constant, the ratios of the BB' value and the CC' value to the OO' value are higher. If is small, the value of OO' is approximately equal to the value of OB, and the value of OO' is approximately equal to the value of OC, so that the influence of the distance difference from the feeding surface 5 to the radiation surface 4 on the energy phase on the radiation surface 4 (such as BC line) The smaller it is, the more uniform the energy density distribution on the radiation port surface 4 is, realizing a plane wave front, thereby increasing the gain of the antenna 100 .

However, the antenna 1 in the related art increases the section height of the antenna 1 while ensuring the gain. For the horn antenna, the size of the radiation port 4 of the antenna 1 is correspondingly increased, resulting in this The antenna 1 is not conducive to miniaturization design, and the occupied size in the electronic equipment such as a radar system is too large, which affects the installation of other components of the electronic equipment such as the integrated arrangement of the array antenna.

It should be noted that the size of the radiation aperture 4 can be understood as the radial dimension or area of the radiation aperture 4. For example, when the radiation aperture 4 is a square structure, the size of the radiation aperture 4 can be the diameter of the radiation aperture 4. The length and width may also be the area of the radiation port 4 .

The embodiment of the present application provides an antenna 100, by dividing the radiation opening 103 on the radiation opening surface 101 into a plurality of independent regions along the direction perpendicular to the electric field, and the distance between each region and the center of the feeding surface 102 is The direction from the center to both sides of the region gradually increases, so that the energy phase distribution in each region gradually increases from the center to the edge, and the energy density distribution in each region gradually decreases from the center to the edge. In addition, each The difference between the center of a region and the edges on both sides from the center of the feeding surface 102 is smaller than the difference between the center of the radiation opening 103 and the edges on both sides from the center of the feeding surface 102, that is, the energy on the radiation opening 103 is distributed in multiple regions The weighted distribution can transform the spherical wavefront of the antenna 100 into a planar wavefront to ensure the uniformity of the energy density on the radiating surface 101 , so that high gain can be achieved on the shorter antenna 100 .

The specific structure of the antenna 100 in the embodiment of the present application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of an antenna 100 provided by an embodiment of the present application, and FIG. 5 is a top view of FIG. 4 . Referring to FIG. 4 and FIG. 5 , an embodiment of the present application provides an antenna 100 , including an antenna body 110 . It can be understood that the antenna body 110 includes a waveguide section 111 and a radiation section 112, one end of the waveguide section 111 is connected to the radiation section 112, and the end surface of the other end of the waveguide section 111 is used as the feeding surface 102 of the antenna 100, and the radiation section 112 One end face away from the waveguide section 111 serves as the radiation port face 101 of the antenna 100 . The radiation port surface 101 has at least one radiation port 103 .

Referring to FIG. 4 , for convenience of description, the length direction of the antenna 100 is represented by the x direction, the width direction of the antenna 100 is represented by the y direction, and the height direction of the antenna 100 is represented by the z direction.

When specifically set up, the antenna 100 is electrically connected to the radio frequency circuit 200 through the feeding surface 102, so that the radio frequency circuit 200 transmits the radio frequency signal to the waveguide section 111 through the feeding surface 102, and the energy is gathered in the waveguide section 111, and then transmitted to the radiation. Section 112, the energy density is distributed reasonably in the radial direction in the radiation section 112, and reaches the radiation opening surface 101 at one end of the radiation section 112, and finally the radio frequency signal is radiated in the form of electromagnetic waves through the radiation opening 103 on the radiation opening surface 101.

Referring to FIG. 4 , taking a horn antenna as an example, the waveguide section 111 is a straight-through section of the horn antenna, and the radiation section 112 is a horn section of the horn antenna. Wherein, the radial dimension of the through section is consistent in the height direction of the antenna 100 . The radial dimension of the horn section gradually increases in the height direction of the antenna 100 (such as shown in the z direction in FIG. The straight-through section conducts concentratedly to the horn section, and distributes the energy density reasonably in the horn section, and finally radiates outward from the radiation port surface 101 .

It should be noted that the height direction of the antenna 100 can be understood as the propagation direction of electromagnetic waves in the antenna 100, such as the direction of the antenna 100 from the feeding surface 102 to the radiation port 103 surface 101, or from the radiation port 103 surface 101 to the feeding surface 102 direction.

Wherein, when the radio frequency circuit 200 is electrically connected to the antenna 100 , the radio frequency circuit 200 may be directly electrically connected to the feeding surface 102 of the antenna 100 , in other words, one end of the radio frequency circuit 200 may be directly connected to the feeding surface 102 . In some examples, one end of the radio frequency circuit 200 can also be coupled and fed to the feeding surface 102. For example, one end of the radio frequency circuit 200 is spaced from the feeding surface 102 to realize the coupling and feeding connection. The electrical connection manner between the circuit 200 and the antenna 100 is not limited.

Referring to Fig. 4 and Fig. 5, the antenna 100 of the embodiment of the present application may also include at least one conductive member 120, the conductive member 120 is arranged on the radiation port 103, and the conductive member 120 separates the radiation port 103 into at least two sub-radiation ports 1031, at least two sub-radiation openings 1031 are arranged at intervals along the direction perpendicular to the electric field on the radiation opening surface 101, and each sub-radiation opening 1031 is located on the plane where the radiation opening surface 101 is located, in other words, the radiation opening surface 101 is perpendicular to the The direction of the electric field is divided into at least two areas, and each area serves as a sub-radiation opening 1031 , that is, the energy on the radiation opening surface 101 is divided into multiple areas, and the energy of each area is located in the corresponding sub-radiation opening 1031 .

Wherein, the direction of the electric field on the radiation port 101 is shown in the direction a in FIG. 4 and FIG. 5 , and the direction a is consistent with the width direction of the antenna 100 , that is, the y direction. The extending direction of the conductive member 120 in the embodiment of the present application is consistent with the electric field direction (for example, the y direction) on the radiation port surface 101 , so that the radiation port 103 is divided into at least two sub-radiation ports 1031 arranged at intervals along the x direction.

FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of energy distribution of one of the antennas 100 provided by an embodiment of the present application. Referring to FIG. 6 , FIG. 6 shows a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the radiation section 112 in the antenna 100 according to the embodiment of the present application. Wherein, the radiation section 112 at point O is, for example, the energy starting point of the horn section. When the antenna 100 is a symmetrical structure, the point O' is the center point of the radiation port surface 101, and the points B and C are respectively the two symmetrical points of the radiation port 103 along OO'. In other words, point B and point C are the opposite ends of the radiation port 103 along the x direction, it can be understood that BC is the two opposite ends of the radiation port 103 along the direction perpendicular to the electric field, for example, the x direction connection between terminals.

Referring to Fig. 6, taking the radiation port 103 divided into two sub-radiation ports 1031 with the same radial cross-sectional size as an example, for the convenience of description, the two sub-radiation ports 1031 are respectively the first sub-radiation port 1031a and the second sub-radiation port 1031a. Mouth 1031b. It should be noted that, in the following example, the first sub-radiation opening 1031a is the sub-radiation opening 1031 on the left side along the x direction, and the second sub-radiation opening 1031b is the sub-radiation opening 1031 on the right side along the x direction as an example for illustration.

Among them, the point O' can be understood as one end of any sub-radiation port 1031, then BO' is the connection between the opposite ends of one of the sub-radiation ports 1031 along the direction perpendicular to the electric field (such as the x direction), and CO' is Another sub-radiation port 1031 is along the line between the opposite ends perpendicular to the direction of the electric field (for example, x direction), point P1 is the center point of the first sub-radiation port 1031a, point P2 is the center of the second sub-radiation port 1031b point.

Since the radiation port 103 is divided into at least two regions arranged at intervals such as the first sub-radiation port 1031 a and the second sub-radiation port 1031 b, the energy radiated from point O is redistributed in each sub-radiation port 1031 . For example, for the energy distribution of the first sub-radiation port 1021a, a spherical wavefront with O1 as the starting point of energy, ie, the center of the sphere, and O1P1 as the radius is formed, and the phases of any point on the sphere are equal. For example, for the cross-sectional structure of the antenna 100, the arc B"D in Fig. 6 is a partial arc of a circle with O1 as the center and O1P1 as the radius, and the phases at any point on the arc B"D are equal , correspondingly, the energy density at any point on the arc B"D is equal. Among them, O1 is on the line segment OP1.

In addition, for the energy distribution of the second sub-radiation port 1021b, a spherical wavefront is formed with O2 as the starting point of energy, that is, the center of the sphere, and O2P2 as the radius, and any point on the spherical surface has the same phase. For example, for the cross-sectional structure of the antenna 100, the arc C"D in FIG. 6 is a partial arc of a circle with O2 as the center and O2P2 as the radius. Ground, the energy density of any point on the arc C"D is equal. Among them, O2 is on the line segment of O2P2.

It can be seen that compared with the related art, the energy phase is gradually delayed from point O' to point B or from point O' to point C, but in the embodiment of the present application, the energy phase at the radiation port 103 is divided into two regions distribution, one of which is gradually delayed from point P1 to point B or from point P1 to point O', and the other distribution is gradually delayed from point P2 to point C or from point P2 to point O', so the embodiment of the present application In the antenna, the phase difference between point O' and point B is smaller than the phase difference between point O' and point B in the related art, and correspondingly, the phase difference between point O' and point C is smaller than that between point O' and point C in the related art Phase difference, so that the antenna 100 is formed as an approximate plane wave front, and the energy density on the radiation port surface 101 is weighted by at least two sub-radiation ports 1031 (such as the first sub-radiation port 1031 and the second sub-radiation port 1031), so that The energy density on the radiation port 103 is more evenly distributed from the center to both sides, thereby increasing the gain of the antenna 100 of the embodiment of the present application.

Referring to FIG. 6 , it can be understood that the plurality of spherical wave fronts formed on the radiation port 103 are distributed in the x direction (that is, perpendicular to the direction of the electric field, that is, shown in the direction a in FIG. 5 ).

In this way, when making the antenna 100 of the embodiment of the present application, the section height of the antenna 100 can be reduced. For the horn antenna, the section height of the antenna 100 is reduced, and the size of the radiation port 101 is correspondingly reduced. In other words, the embodiment of the present application does not need to increase the section height of the antenna 100 and the size of the radiation opening 101, that is, the high gain performance of the antenna 100 can be realized on the basis of ensuring the low profile of the antenna 100 and the small radiation opening 101 .

Experiments have proved that the overall size and weight of the antenna 100 of the embodiment of the present application can be reduced by 50% while ensuring the gain of the antenna 1 in the related art, which reduces the production cost of the antenna 100 of the embodiment of the present application. cost.

In addition, the array antenna provided by the embodiment of the present application makes each antenna 100 miniaturized by reducing the cross-sectional height of each antenna 100 and the size of the radiation port 101, thereby reducing the size of the entire array antenna and saving electronic resources. The space occupied by equipment such as radar systems, thereby enabling the miniaturization of electronic equipment. From another point of view, by miniaturizing each antenna 100, the number of antennas 100 in the array antenna can be increased in an electronic device of a certain size, thereby improving the radiation performance of the array antenna and ensuring the communication performance of the electronic device.

Wherein, referring to FIG. 4 , the distance between the feeding surface 102 and the radiation opening surface 101 is greater than or equal to 0.15λ, where λ is the working wavelength of the antenna 100 . It can be understood that the value of λ is the wavelength value specified according to the working scene in practical applications, and the distance h between the feeding surface 102 and the radiation port surface 101 can be adjusted according to the wavelength. It can be understood that the distance h between the feeding surface 102 and the radiation opening surface 101 is the section height of the antenna 100 .

Exemplarily, the distance h between the feeding surface 102 and the radiation opening surface 101 may be a suitable value such as 0.15λ, 0.2λ, 0.25λ or 0.3λ.

In the embodiment of the present application, by setting the distance between the feeding surface 102 of the antenna main body 110 and the radiation opening surface 101 within the above-mentioned range, it is ensured that the antenna main body 110 between the radiation opening surface 101 and the feeding surface 102 can effectively carry out energy. Convergence and propagation, for example, when the antenna 100 of the embodiment of the present application is used as the transmitting antenna 100, the radio frequency signal fed from the feeding surface 102, that is, the energy, can be concentrated and stably transmitted to the radiation interface through the inner cavity of the antenna main body 110 101, to ensure the energy density at the radiation port 101, that is, to ensure the gain of the antenna 100, so that the electromagnetic wave energy from the radiation port 101 can be effectively radiated to the receiving antenna 100, so that the signal can be transmitted stably and reliably at the sending end and the receiving end stable transmission.

In the embodiment of the present application, a conductive member 120 is provided on the radiation port 103 of the antenna 100, and the extension direction of the conductive member 120 is set to be consistent with the direction of the electric field, so that the conductive member 120 divides the radiation port 103 into at least two sub-radiation ports 1031, on the one hand, ensures the uniform distribution of energy density on the radiation port 103 and increases the gain of the antenna 100; This simplifies the structure of the antenna 100 in the embodiment of the present application, thereby ensuring the manufacturing efficiency of the antenna 100 in the embodiment of the present application.

It can be understood that the number of the conductive member 120 can be one, so that the radiation port 103 on the radiation port surface 101 can be divided into two sub-radiation ports 1031 by the conductive member 120 .

FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of another structure of the antenna provided by an embodiment of the present application, and FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the radiation aperture in FIG. 7 . Referring to FIGS. 7 and 8 , in some examples, the number of conductive members 120 is multiple, and the plurality of conductive members 120 are arranged at intervals along the direction perpendicular to the electric field (shown with reference to the x direction in FIG. 7 ), so as to radiate The aperture surface 101 is divided into three or more sub-radiation apertures 1031 .

In this way, the energy in the radiation section 112 can be weighted in more areas, and the phase difference between the center point of the radiation port 103 and the edge is smaller than that of antennas in the related art. The antenna 100 forms a plane wave front, and the radiation port surface The energy density on 101 is more uniform, thereby ensuring the gain of the antenna 100 in the embodiment of the present application, and ensuring that the section height of the antenna 100 and the size of the radiation port 101 are not affected.

In addition, in the actual design, the size of the sub-radiation opening 1031 can be adjusted by adjusting the position of the conductive member 120, for example, by adjusting the distance between two adjacent conductive members 120, so that the antenna can meet the actual requirements. The electrical performance, that is to say, makes it easier to adjust the electrical performance of the antenna in the embodiment of the present application.

Referring to FIG. 8 , the radial cross-sectional areas of the plurality of radiation sub-ports 1031 in the embodiment of the present application may be set to be equal or unequal. For example, when there is a conductive member 120 on the radiation port surface 101, the conductive member 120 can be arranged on the symmetry axis of the radiation port 103, or it can be arranged away from the symmetry axis of the radiation port 103. In other words, the conductive member 120 and The distance between the two ends of the radiation port 103 along the direction perpendicular to the electric field may be equal or unequal.

When a plurality of conductive elements 120 are arranged on the radiation port surface 101, the distance between two adjacent conductive elements 120 (refer to h1 in FIG. 8 ) may be equal or unequal, thereby reducing the The location setting requirements make the setting of the conductive member 120 more flexible and convenient, thereby improving the manufacturing efficiency of the antenna 100 in the embodiment of the present application.

It can be understood that the sub-radiation openings 1031 of different sizes can pass through electromagnetic waves of different frequencies. Therefore, in the embodiment of the present application, the area of each sub-radiation opening 1031 can be adjusted by adjusting the position of the conductive member 120 , and a better antenna radiation performance can be obtained through a specific amplitude-phase relationship.

As shown in FIG. 8 , for example, in order to ensure that each sub-radiation port 1031 can radiate or receive electromagnetic waves of a certain frequency, the size of each sub-radiation port 1031 along the first direction (shown with reference to h2 in FIG. 8 ) is 0.3λ ~2λ, wherein the first direction is perpendicular to the direction of the electric field on the radiation port surface 101 , for example, the first direction can refer to the x direction shown in FIG. 8 .

Exemplarily, h2 may be a suitable value such as 0.3λ, 0.5λ, λ, 1.5λ or 2λ, and may be specifically designed according to electrical performance.

In some examples, the radial dimension of each sub-radiation opening 1031 can be any one of suitable values such as 0.3λ, 0.5λ, λ, 1.5λ or 2λ, for example, the radial dimension of each sub-radiation opening 1031 is 0.3λ. In some other examples, the radial dimensions of each sub-radiation opening 1031 may be different. For example, referring to FIG. The radial dimension of the opening 1031 may be 0.5λ, and the radial dimension of the third sub-radiation opening 1031 may be λ.

Referring to FIG. 8 , it can be understood that because a sub-radiation opening 1031 is formed between two adjacent conductive members 120, the distance between two adjacent conductive members 120 (refer to h1 in FIG. 8 ) Also correspondingly set to 0.3λ ~ 2λ. For example, h1 may be an appropriate value such as 0.3λ, 0.5λ, λ, 1.5λ or 2λ, and may be specifically designed according to electrical performance.

It should be noted that the distance h1 between each pair of adjacent two conductive members 120 may be equal or unequal, for example, the distance between each pair of adjacent two conductive members 120 may be 0.3λ, 0.5λ, λ, 1.5 Any one of appropriate values such as λ or 2λ. In some examples, the distance h1 between two adjacent pair of conductive elements 120 may be 0.3λ, and the distance h1 between two adjacent pair of conductive elements 120 may be 0.5λ.

In the embodiment of the present application, the size of each sub-radiation opening 1031 along the first direction is set within the above-mentioned range to ensure that electromagnetic wave energy of a certain frequency can pass through the sub-radiation opening 1031. For example, when the antenna 100 in the embodiment of the present application is used as When transmitting the antenna 100, it can ensure that the electromagnetic wave energy of a certain frequency can be radiated from the corresponding sub-radiation port 1031 to realize the transmission of the signal. In addition, the energy loss caused by the too small sub-radiation port 1031 is also avoided, thereby ensuring that the antenna 100 gains will not be affected.

In addition, the size of each radiation sub-port 1031 perpendicular to the direction of the electric field is set within the above-mentioned range, which also avoids the size of the sub-radiation port 1031 being too large, so that the radiation port surface 101 cannot be divided into more sub-radiation ports 1031, resulting in The gain of the antenna 100 in the embodiment of the present application is limited. Therefore, during manufacture, the number of conductive members 120 can be increased on the basis of ensuring that electromagnetic waves of a certain frequency pass through the corresponding sub-radiation openings 1031, so as to improve the performance of the antenna 100. The gain of the antenna of the application example.

It can be understood that the conductive member 120 in the embodiment of the present application can be located inside the antenna main body 110, so that the conductive member 120 is flush with the radiation port 101, or there is a certain distance between the conductive member 120 and the radiation port 101, so as to It is ensured that the conductive member 120 does not occupy the space other than the height direction of the antenna body 110 (refer to the z direction in FIG. 4 ), so as to ensure the low profile of the antenna 100 .

Certainly, the embodiment of the present application does not exclude that the conductive member 120 may also protrude from a part of the radiation aperture surface 101 , and the embodiment of the present application does not limit this.

For example, as shown in FIG. 4 , the conductive member 120 is located inside the antenna main body 110, in other words, the conductive member 120 is located inside the cavity of the radiation section 112 of the antenna main body 110, and the two ends of the conductive member 120 are respectively connected to the antenna main body. 110 on the inner wall.

In the embodiment of the present application, by arranging the conductive member 120 inside the antenna main body 110, the occupied size of the conductive member 120 on the cross-sectional height of the antenna 100 is reduced, thereby reducing the cross-sectional height of the antenna 100 in the embodiment of the present application, so that The antenna 100 is more miniaturized. In addition, by connecting the two ends of the conductive member 120 to the inner wall of the antenna main body 110, the stability of the conductive member 120 in the antenna main body 110 is enhanced, making the structure of the entire antenna 100 more stable, and ensuring the radiation of each sub-radiation port 1031. structural stability.

When the antenna 100 of the embodiment of the present application is actually produced, the conductive member 120 and the antenna main body 110 may be integrally formed as an integral part.

FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of injection mold release of the antenna 100 provided by an embodiment of the present application. Referring to FIG. 9, for example, the conductive member 120 and the antenna main body 110 can be integrally cast to simplify the manufacturing process of the antenna 100 and improve the manufacturing efficiency of the antenna 100. In addition, the connection between the conductive member 120 and the antenna main body 110 is also strengthened. The stability of the connection between them makes the structure of the entire antenna 100 more stable and reliable.

It can be understood that, when the conductive member 120 and the antenna main body 110 are integrally cast, the upper mold 910 of the casting mold 900 has a set of convex lines 911 on one side surface, and the set of convex lines 911 includes a plurality of spaced apart convex lines 911, the lower mold 920 includes a mold cavity 921 for containing pouring liquid, the shape of the mold cavity 921 is consistent with the shape of the antenna main body 110, there is a support part 923 in the glue filling port 922 of the mold cavity 921, and the support part 923 The two ends are connected to the side walls opposite to the glue filling port 922 , and the surface of the supporting part 923 facing away from the inner cavity of the mold cavity 921 has a groove 923a.

During concrete pouring, inject pouring liquid in the mold cavity 921 of lower mold 920, until this pouring liquid has not passed through groove 923a, then cover upper mold 910 on the lower mold 920, and the protruding line 911 of this upper mold 910 stretches into Inside the mold cavity 921. After the pouring liquid is cooled and solidified, demoulding is carried out. It can be understood that the groove 923 a is used to form the conductive member 120 , and the number and position of the groove 923 a are completely determined by the arrangement requirements of the conductive member 120 . The number of ridges 911 in each group of ridges 911 depends on the number of sub-radiation openings 1031 , and the number of ridges 911 is consistent with the number of sub-radiation openings 1031 . For example, when the number of sub-radiation openings 1031 is two, the number of convex strips 911 is two.

Exemplarily, the specific demoulding process can be: taking the upper mold 910 from the lower mold 920 from bottom to top (shown along the z direction in FIG. 9 ), and then removing the lower mold 920 from the antenna 100 from top to bottom Take it out (refer to the opposite direction of z in Figure 9). Or the lower mold 920 is taken out from the top mold 910 from top to bottom (shown in the opposite direction of z with reference to FIG. shown), of course, the antenna 100 can also be taken out from the upper mold 910 from top to bottom (refer to the opposite direction of z in FIG. 9 ).

Wherein, the antenna 100 in the embodiment of the present application may be a metal part, for example, the antenna main body 110 and the conductive part 120 may be made of metal conductive materials such as copper and aluminum. For example, the casting liquid for casting the antenna 100 may be in a liquid state of metal materials such as copper and aluminum.

In some examples, the antenna 100 of the embodiment of the present application may also be formed by wrapping a metal layer on the surface of a non-metallic component. Exemplarily, the antenna 100 may be made of a plastic part and a metal layer wrapped on the surface of the plastic part. For example, the antenna main body 110 and the plastic parts in the conductive part 120 are first integrally cast and molded. It can be understood that the pouring liquid in the pouring process is plastic, and then a metal layer such as aluminum is coated on the surface of the integrally formed plastic parts. An antenna 100 with a conductive surface.

When each antenna 100 is integrally formed as one piece, it can facilitate the manufacture of the array antenna 100, in other words, by setting each antenna 100 as an integrally formed one piece, for example, by integrally casting each antenna 100 , making the fabrication of the array antenna 100 more convenient and quick.

FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of injection mold release of the array antenna provided by an embodiment of the present application. Referring to FIG. 10 , multiple antennas 100 of the array antenna can be mass-produced through a casting mold 900 . Among them, in the pouring mold 900 for producing multiple antennas 100 in batches, one side of the upper mold 910 has multiple groups of convex lines 911, and the number of groups of convex lines 911 is equal to the number of antennas 100, for example, the array antenna has three antennas 100 , then the upper mold 910 has three sets of convex lines 911 .

Continuing to refer to FIG. 10 , the lower mold 920 includes a plurality of mold cavities 921 for containing pouring liquid, and the shape of each mold cavity 921 is consistent with the shape of the antenna main body 110 , wherein the glue filling port 922 of each mold cavity 921 There is a supporting part 923 inside, and the two ends of the supporting part 923 are connected with the opposite side walls of the glue filling port 922 , and the surface of the supporting part 923 facing away from the inner cavity of the mold cavity 921 has a groove 923a. It can be understood that the number of mold cavities 921 is equal to the number of antennas 100 , for example, the array antenna has three antennas 100 , and the lower mold 920 has three mold cavities 921 .

During specific pouring, pouring pouring liquid is injected in each mold cavity 921 of lower mold 920 until the pouring liquid has not passed through each groove 923a, and then the upper mold 910 is covered on the lower mold 920, and the raised lines of the upper mold 910 911 protrudes into the mold cavity 921 . After the pouring liquid is cooled and solidified, demoulding is performed, and multiple integrated antennas 100 can be formed in batches at one time, which makes the manufacture of array antennas faster and more convenient.

Fig. 11 is another schematic structural diagram of the antenna provided by an embodiment of the present application. Referring to FIG. 11 , the antenna body 110 includes a first portion 110 a and a second portion 110 b arranged in sequence along the axial direction. It can be understood that the axial direction is consistent with the height direction of the antenna body 110 , as shown with reference to the z direction in FIG. 11 .

The first part 110 a includes the waveguide section 111 and part of the radiation section 112 of the antenna 100 , and the second part 110 b is another part of the radiation section 112 . Taking the antenna 100 as an example of a horn antenna, the first part 110a is composed of a straight-through section of the horn antenna and a part of the horn section, and the second part 110b is composed of another part of the horn section. Wherein, the conductive member 120 is located on a side surface of the second portion 110b facing away from the first portion 110a.

During specific production, the first part 110a and the second part 110b are separate parts, for example, the first part 110a and the second part 110b can be connected by high temperature compression, or the first part 110a and the second part 110b can be bonded, welded , screw connection and other methods of fixed connection, the embodiment of the present application does not limit the connection method between the first part 110a and the second part 110b.

In some examples, the conductive member 120 and the second portion 110b may be integrally formed as a single piece.

For example, when manufacturing the antenna 100 of the embodiment of the present application, the first part 110a may be integrally cast, and in addition, the second part 110b and the conductive member 120 may be integrally cast.

It can be understood that, in the mold 900 for pouring the second part 110b and the conductive member 120, the structure of the mold cavity 921 of the lower mold 920 matches the structure of the second part 110b. In addition, because the cross-sectional height of the second part 110b is smaller than that of the entire antenna body 110, compared with the integral casting of the entire antenna 100, the upper mold 910 used in the one-time casting of the second part 110b and the conductive member 120 The ridges are shorter, and the height of the lower mold 920 is smaller, so that the integrated structure of the second part 110b and the conductive member 120 is easier to demould during the pouring molding process, for example, the upper mold 910 is lowered from the second part 110b Two (shown in the direction of z with reference to Fig. 9) when taking out, because of the shorter convex strip 911, and the shorter of this second part 110b, make the take-up process of upper mold 910 from second part 110b more convenient, reduce The influence of the conductive member 120 on the radiation port surface 101 on the demoulding process makes the manufacturing process of the antenna 100 simpler and faster, and improves the manufacturing efficiency of the antenna 100 in the embodiment of the present application.

FIG. 12 is another schematic structural view of the antenna provided by an embodiment of the present application, and FIG. 13 is an exploded view of the structure of FIG. 12 . Referring to FIG. 12 and FIG. 13 , the conductive member 120 and the antenna main body 110 may be separate parts.

In some examples, there may be a certain distance between the outer edge of the conductive member 120 and the inner wall of the antenna main body 110 , in other words, the conductive member 120 is suspended in the radiation opening 103 .

By forming a certain distance between the outer edge of the conductive member 120 and the inner wall of the antenna main body 110, in this way, the conductive member 120 is guaranteed to separate the area of the radiation port surface 101, so that the radiation port surface 101 forms at least two sub-radiation ports 1031. Basically, the conductive member 120 can be used as a reference ground of the antenna 100 to achieve impedance matching of the antenna 100 and improve the working performance of the antenna 100 .

12 and 13, in order to fix the conductive member 120 in the radiation opening 103, the antenna 100 of the embodiment of the present application may also include a connecting member 130, the connecting member 130 is covered on the radiation opening surface 101, and the conductive member 120 It is arranged on the connecting member 130 so as to ensure that the conductive member 120 is stably arranged in the radiation opening surface 101 .

For example, when the conductive member 120 is suspended in the radiation opening 103 , the connecting member 130 can be used to fix the conductive member 120 . Exemplarily, the conductive member 120 can be arranged on the side of the connecting member 130 facing the radiation opening surface 101. In this way, by covering the connecting member 130 on the radiation opening surface 101, the conducting member 120 can be stably suspended in the air. Inside the radiation port 103.

Wherein, the connecting piece 130 can be fixed on the radiation opening surface 101 of the antenna main body 110 by bonding or screwing, and the embodiment of the present application does not specifically limit the connection method between the connecting piece 130 and the radiation opening surface 101 .

It can be understood that the connecting member 130 can allow electromagnetic waves to pass through. For example, as shown in FIG. 12 and FIG. 13 , the connecting member 130 may be a membrane on which a conductive pattern is formed, and the conductive pattern is configured as the conductive member 120 . Wherein, the diaphragm may be an insulating diaphragm such as a plastic film coated on the radiation port surface 101 . The conductive pattern can be printed on the membrane.

In the embodiment of the present application, the connector 130 is set as a diaphragm, and a conductive pattern is formed on the diaphragm as the conductive member 120 to separate the radiation port 103. On the one hand, it ensures that the conductive member 120 in the radiation port 103 stability, which makes the area separation of the radiation port 103 more reliable and ensures the uniformity of energy density distribution on the radiation port 103; The profile height dimension of the antenna 100 of the embodiment of the application will not be affected, in other words, the low profile of the antenna 100 of the embodiment of the application can be guaranteed.

Referring to Fig. 13, wherein, the antenna main body 110 and the diaphragm are separate parts, so the antenna main body 110 can be integrally cast and molded first, and then the diaphragm printed with a metal pattern is covered on the radiation port surface of the antenna main body 110 101, so that the metal pattern separates the radiation port 103 on the radiation port surface 101 to form a plurality of sub-radiation ports 1031, thereby simplifying the manufacturing process of the antenna 100 and avoiding the detachment of the conductive member 120 during the integral casting process. The influence of the mode improves the manufacturing efficiency of the antenna 100.

Fig. 14 is another schematic structural diagram of the antenna provided by an embodiment of the present application. Referring to Figure 14, in the embodiment of the present application, when the conductive member 120 and the antenna body 110 are separate parts, a positioning mark 101a can be set on the radiation opening surface 101 of the antenna body 110, and the positioning mark 101a is used for radiation detection. The conductive element 120 on the oral surface 101 is positioned.

Wherein, the positioning mark 101a can be a symbol such as a circle or a cross drawn on the radiation port surface 101, or a slot opened on the radiation port surface 101, or other labels bonded on the radiation port surface 101. Etc., the embodiment of the present application specifically does not limit the structure of the positioning identifier 101a.

It can be understood that the positioning mark 101a, such as a symbol, can be arranged at the installation position of the conductive member 120, for example, one of the conductive members 120 needs to be arranged at the middle position of the radiation port surface 101 along the x direction, therefore, it can be placed on the radiation port surface 101 The positioning mark 101a is set at the middle position along the x direction, so that the conductive member 120 can be directly installed on the positioning mark 101a, which can ensure that the conductive member 120 is quickly and accurately installed at the middle position of the radiation port surface 101 along the x direction.

In some examples, the positioning mark 101a such as a symbol may also be set at a position with a certain distance from the installation position of the conductive member 120 . For example, as shown in FIG. 14 , positioning marks 101a can be set within a preset distance on both sides of the installation position of the conductive member 120 along the x direction. In this way, the position range of the installation position of the conductive member 120 can be located. The element 120 is disposed between two positioning marks 101a spaced apart along the x direction, so that the conductive element 120 can be installed within a predetermined range of installation positions. In addition, the exact installation position of the conductive member 120 can be directly determined according to the distance of the positioning marks 101a. For example, the center position between the two positioning marks 101a can be used as the installation position of the conductive member 120. In this way, by installing the conductive member 120 At the central position between the two positioning marks 101a, the accuracy of the installation position of the conductive member 120 on the radiation aperture surface 101 can be ensured.

The embodiment of the present application does not limit the setting manner of the positioning identifier 101a.

Based on the above, by setting the positioning mark 101a on the radiation port surface 101, the conductive member 120 can be quickly positioned at the corresponding position of the radiation port face 101 through the positioning mark 101a, so that the installation and positioning between the conductive member 120 and the antenna main body 110 More convenient and faster.

Referring to FIG. 14 , in some examples, limiting grooves 1011 can be formed on the radiation port surface 101, and the limiting grooves 1011 are respectively located on both sides of the radiation port 103 along the direction of the electric field, that is, the direction a. Limiting slots 1011 are respectively provided on both sides of the port 103 along the direction of the electric field, that is, the direction a.

At least part of the conductive member 120 outside the radiation opening 103 is embedded in the limiting groove 1011. For example, the middle part of the conductive member 120 is located on the radiation opening 103, and the parts of the conductive member 120 protruding from the radiation opening 103 can be respectively embedded in the corresponding In the limit groove 1011 of each sub-radiation opening 1031, the movement of the conductive member 120 is restricted in the direction perpendicular to the electric field, so as to ensure the structural stability of each sub-radiation opening 1031. It can be understood that the shape and size of the limiting groove 1011 can match the conductive member 120 , so that the conductive member 120 is stably embedded in the limiting groove 1011 , ensuring the structural stability of each radiation sub-port 1031 .

In addition, by embedding the conductive member 120 in the limiting groove 1011, it is avoided that the conductive member 120 protrudes from the radiation opening surface 101 and occupies the dimension of the antenna 100 in the height direction, that is, the z direction, thereby reducing the cross-sectional height of the antenna 100 .

Wherein, the above-mentioned limiting groove 1011 can be used as a positioning mark 101a, so that the conductive member 120 can be accurately installed on the corresponding position of the radiation opening surface 101 through the limiting groove 1011, ensuring that the size of each sub-radiating opening 1031 is within the setting range.

Of course, in some other examples, the conductive member 120 may also be fixed on the radiation port surface 101 by means of welding or bonding.

It should be noted that the conductive member 120 can be completely fixed on the radiation port surface 101. In some examples, both ends of the conductive member 120 along the extension direction can also be extended and fixed on the side wall of the antenna main body 110, for example, the conductive member The part of 120 located on the radiation port surface 101 can be embedded in the limiting groove 1011, and the two ends of the conductive member 120 along the extension direction can also protrude from the limiting groove 1011 and extend to the side wall of the antenna main body 110. This application implements For example, there is no limitation on the fixed position of the conductive member 120 , as long as at least part of the conductive member 120 is located at the radiation opening 103 so that the radiation opening 103 is divided into multiple sub-radiation openings 1031 .

In addition, through holes can also be provided on the two inner walls of the radiation port 103 opposite to each other along the direction of the electric field, that is, the direction a, and the conductive member 120 can be inserted into the two through holes on the antenna main body 110, so as to ensure that the conductive member 120 is stably fixed. In the radiation port 103.

The above fixing methods are only some examples of the connection between the conductive member 120 and the antenna main body 110. The conductive member 120 can also be fixed on the antenna main body 110 through other feasible connection methods. The connection method between the conductive member 120 and the antenna main body 110 No restrictions.

Fig. 15 is another schematic structural diagram of the antenna provided by an embodiment of the present application. Referring to FIG. 14 and FIG. 15 , in a feasible implementation manner, the radial cross-sectional areas of the plurality of radiation sub-ports 1031 are equal (as shown in FIG. 14 ) or unequal (as shown in FIG. 15 ).

Referring to FIG. 7 and FIG. 15 , in the embodiment of the present application, each conductive member 120 may be a conductive column, for example, the conductive column may be embedded in a limiting groove 1011 on the radiation port surface 101 . The radial cross-sectional shape of the conductive elements 120 may be circular (as shown in FIG. 7 ), in other words, each conductive element 120 is a cylindrical structure. 15, in some examples, the radial cross-sectional shape of each conductive member 120 can also be a polygon, wherein, the polygon can be a triangle, a quadrangle, a pentagon, etc., for example, the diameter of each conductive member 120 The cross-sectional shape is a quadrilateral (shown in Fig. 15).

Of course, in other examples, the radial cross-sectional shape of each conductive member 120 can also be other irregular shapes, for example, the radial cross-sectional shape of each conductive member 120 can be a "cross" shape or an "X" shape, etc. The embodiment of the present application does not specifically limit the radial structural shape of the conductive member 120 , as long as the conductive member 120 can divide the radiation opening 103 into multiple sub-radiation openings 1031 . In addition, the radial cross-sectional area of each conductive element 120 , that is, the thickness of the conductive column is not limited.

Referring to Figure 14, the conductive member 120 of the embodiment of the present application can also be a metal wire, for example, at least part of the metal wire can be embedded in the limiting groove 1011 on the radiation port surface 101, or welded to the radiation port surface 101 on. The arrangement of the metal wire reduces the occupied size of the conductive member 120 in the antenna 100, for example, the metal wire reduces the size of the conductive member 120 along the first direction (such as shown in the x direction in FIG. 14 ) at the radiation port 103, so that , when the size of the radiation port 103 is constant, the number of conductive members 120 can be increased, so that the radiation port 103 can be divided into a plurality of sub-radiation ports 1031, so that the antenna 100 can form a plane wave front and increase the gain of the antenna 100. In addition, the metal wire also reduces the size of the conductive member 120 along the height direction of the antenna 100 (refer to the z direction shown in FIG. 14 ), and realizes the miniaturization of the antenna 100 .

In other examples, the conductive member 120 can also be a thin metal sheet. For example, the thin metal sheet can be vertically inserted into the limiting groove 1011 on the surface of the radiation opening 101. In this way, the conductive member 120 can be reduced. The size of the first direction (such as shown in the x direction in Fig. 14) can increase the conductive member 120 in the radiation port 103 of a certain size on the basis of ensuring that each sub-radiation port 1031 can pass through the electromagnetic wave of a certain operating frequency. The number of settings can increase the gain of the antenna 100 .

Based on the above, the conductive member 120 in the embodiment of the present application can be arranged in any structure, as long as the space of the radiation opening 103 can be separated in the x direction, the embodiment of the present application does not limit the structure of the conductive member 120 .

Fig. 16 is another schematic structural diagram of the antenna provided by an embodiment of the present application. As shown in FIG. 16 , for example, the outer wall of the conductive member 120 can also be wrapped with a reinforcing layer 140, so that the structural strength of the conductive member 120 can be enhanced. For example, when the radial dimension of the conductive member 120 is small, it can be passed The wrapping of the reinforcing layer 140 makes the structure of the conductive member 120 on the radiation opening 103 more stable, thereby improving the structural stability of each sub-radiation opening 11031 .

Wherein, the material of the reinforcement layer 140 is selected from a material with a lower dielectric constant. For example, the reinforcement layer 140 may select a material with a dielectric constant less than or equal to 3, so as to approach the dielectric constant of air, and reduce or even ignore the reinforcement layer 140. The energy loss of electromagnetic waves ensures the radiation performance of the antenna.

When specifically configured, the material of the reinforcement layer 140 may include, but not limited to, any one of foam plastics, non-polar resin, and weakly polar resin. For example, the reinforcement layer 140 can be made of polyurethane, polystyrene, polyvinyl chloride, polyethylene, phenolic foam and other materials with a dielectric constant of about 2.5.

It should be understood that the conductive member 120 is installed on the antenna main body 110. For example, when the conductive member 120 is arranged on the radiation port surface 101, the part of the conductive member 120 outside the radiation port 1031 can be attached to the radiation port surface 101. The conductive member The portion of 120 located on the radiation opening 1031 may be parallel to the surface of the radiation opening 101 , in other words, the conductive member 120 such as a metal wire may be stretched and arranged on the radiation opening 101 .

In some examples, the conductive member 120 such as a metal wire can also be bent on the radiation port 103, for example, the part of the conductive member 120 on the radiation port 103 can be bent and protrude from the radiation port surface 101, or be recessed to the antenna main body 110, which is not limited in this embodiment of the present application.

Fig. 17 is another schematic structural diagram of the antenna provided by an embodiment of the present application. Referring to FIG. 17 , there are multiple radiation ports 103 in the embodiment of the present application, and the plurality of radiation ports 103 are arranged at intervals on the radiation port surface 101 of the antenna main body 110 .

It can be understood that when there are multiple radiation ports 103 on the radiation port surface 101 of the antenna main body 110, there are multiple feed ports on the feed surface 102 of the antenna body 110, and the multiple feed ports and the multiple radiation ports 103 One-to-one correspondence setting, in other words, each feeding port communicates with the corresponding radiation port 103 in the height direction of the antenna 100, and each feeding port can pass through the corresponding switching structure 400 such as the feeding network and the radio frequency circuit 200 electrical connection.

When the antenna 100 is the transmitting antenna 100, the radio frequency circuit 200 can feed a corresponding radio frequency signal into each feeding port, and the radio frequency signal forms an electric field in the cavity between the feeding port and the corresponding radiation port 103, and Electromagnetic waves are generated, and the electromagnetic waves are finally radiated from the corresponding radiation ports 103 .

Wherein, the radio frequency circuit 200 can feed radio frequency signals of different amplitudes into each feeding port, so that the antenna 100 of the embodiment of the present application can obtain lower side lobe characteristics.

Referring to FIG. 17 , it can be understood that the radiation aperture 101 of the embodiment of the present application is a two-dimensional planar structure, for example, the radiation aperture 101 is located on the xy plane (the plane jointly formed by the x direction and the y direction). The radiation ports 103 can be arranged in an m*n array on the radiation port surface 101 of the antenna body 110, where m is the number of rows of the array formed by a plurality of radiation ports 103, and m can be any discrete value greater than or equal to 1 For example, m can be 1, 2 or 3, etc., n is the number of columns of the array formed by a plurality of radiation ports 103, and n can be any discrete value greater than or equal to 1, for example, n can be 1, 2 or 3, etc. .

Referring to FIG. 17 , for example, there are four radiation ports 103 on the radiation port surface 101 of the antenna main body 110, and the four radiation ports 103 are arranged in a 2*2 array, for example, spaced along the x direction of the radiation port surface 101 Two radiation ports 103 are provided, and two radiation ports 103 are arranged at intervals along the y-direction of the radiation port surface 101. Correspondingly, on the feeding surface 102 of the antenna main body 110, four feed port.

In some examples, the radiation port surface 101 of the embodiment of the present application may also be a three-dimensional curved surface structure (not shown in the figure), and a plurality of radiation port surfaces 101 are arranged at intervals on the three-dimensional curved surface structure. The structure of the surface 101 is limited.

In the embodiment of the present application, by setting a plurality of spaced radiation ports 103 on the antenna main body 110, the antenna 100 of the embodiment of the present application forms an array antenna, so that energy weighting can be realized between the elements formed by the radiation ports 101 of the antenna 100 , thereby increasing the gain of the antenna 100 of the embodiment of the present application, widening the bandwidth of the antenna 100, improving the performance of the antenna 100, and ensuring that the size of the antenna 100 in the section height will not be affected, that is, ensuring The low profile of the antenna 100 is shown.

In addition, by arranging a plurality of spaced radiation openings 103 on the antenna main body 110 , the array antenna formed by the antenna 100 according to the embodiment of the present application is easier to manufacture in batches.

The antenna 100 of the embodiment of the present application may include, but not limited to, any one of the waveguide slot antenna 100, the waveguide horn antenna 100 (shown in FIG. 4 ), and the waveguide probe antenna 100, that is to say, the improvement of the embodiment of the present application The scheme can be adapted to any antenna 100, in other words, the radiation surface 101 of any antenna 100 such as the waveguide slot antenna 100, the waveguide horn antenna 100, the waveguide probe antenna 100, etc. can be improved to achieve high gain and high gain of the antenna 100. The feature of low profile enriches the application scenarios of the antenna 100 in the embodiment of the present application.

FIG. 18 is another schematic structural diagram of the antenna provided by an embodiment of the present application, and FIG. 19 is another schematic structural diagram of the antenna provided by an embodiment of the present application. 18 and 19, in addition, when the antenna 100 of the embodiment of the present application is a waveguide horn antenna, the waveguide horn antenna may include, but not limited to, an E-plane waveguide horn antenna, an H-plane waveguide horn antenna, and a square waveguide horn antenna. (refer to Figure 4 and Figure 18) and any one of the ridge waveguide horn antenna (refer to Figure 19).

Wherein, the horn section of the square waveguide horn antenna can be a structure in which a pair of side walls are gradually opened, and the other pair of side walls is arranged in parallel (as shown in FIG. 4 ), or two pairs of opposite side walls can be opened. The structure, that is, the square waveguide horn antenna is a pyramidal horn antenna (refer to FIG. 18 ), and the embodiment of the present application does not limit the structure of the waveguide horn antenna.

The antenna 100 of the embodiment of the present application may be an antenna 100 whose radial side wall is a closed structure (refer to FIG. 4, FIG. 18 and FIG. The opening surface 101 is an open structure, and the side walls between the feeding surface 102 and the radiation opening surface 101 are all closed structures.

18 and 19, it can be understood that the antenna 100 of the embodiment of the present application may have a non-closed structure along the radial side wall, in other words, except for the feeding surface 102 and the radiation surface of the antenna 100 101 is an opening structure, and the side wall between the feeding surface 102 and the radiation opening surface 101 is also an opening structure. Fig. 20 is another schematic structural diagram of the antenna provided by an embodiment of the present application. Referring to FIG. 20 , the antenna 100 has an opening structure along the radial side wall and the feeding surface 102 , and the embodiment of the present application does not specifically limit the structure of the antenna 100 .

Fig. 21 is a characteristic result diagram of the return loss of the antenna provided by an embodiment of the present application, Fig. 22 is a characteristic result diagram of the vertical plane low sidelobe of the antenna provided by an embodiment of the present application, Fig. 23 is an implementation of the present application The characteristic result graph of the horizontal plane wide beam of the antenna provided in the example. Referring to Figures 21-23, the embodiment of the present application is based on six sub-radiation openings 1031, for example, setting five conductive members 120 in the radiation opening 103 as an example, and the performance test is carried out. The curve a1 in Figure 21 is the The return loss characteristic curve of the antenna 100 of the embodiment, the curve b1 is the callback loss characteristic curve of the antenna 1 in the related art, it can be seen that, compared with the antenna 1 in the related art, the antenna 100 of the embodiment of the present application has a gain of 7.5dB is raised to 10.3dB (refer to Figure 21).

Referring to Fig. 22, curve a2 is the low sidelobe characteristic curve of the vertical plane of the antenna 100 of the embodiment of the present application, and curve b2 is the low sidelobe characteristic curve of the vertical plane of the antenna 1 of the related art. It can be seen that the vertical plane The low sidelobe is reduced from -5dB in the related art to -26.6dB in the embodiment of the present application, wherein the coordinates of m1 in the curve a2 are (0.0000, -72.0000), and the coordinates of m2 are (10.2853, -16.3536), the broadening work Bandwidth improves matching.

In addition, referring to FIG. 23, curve a3 is the characteristic curve of the horizontal plane wide beam of the antenna 100 of the embodiment of the present application, and curve b3 is the characteristic curve of the horizontal plane wide beam of the antenna 1 of the related art. It can be seen that the horizontal plane wide beam Performance is unaffected with a 3dB horizontal beam ≥110°.

Based on the above, it can be seen that the antenna 100 of the embodiment of the present application can ensure the low profile height and small radiation surface 101 of the antenna 100 on the basis of ensuring the characteristics of gain, low sidelobe in the vertical plane, and wide beam in the horizontal plane, so that the antenna 100 can be Miniaturization also reduces the weight of the antenna 100 and saves the production cost of the antenna 100 .

The above characteristic results are performance tests conducted by taking six sub-radiation openings 1031 , for example, setting five conductive members 120 in the radiation opening 103 as an example. Of course, this effect can also be achieved by dividing the radiation opening 103 into more or fewer sub-radiation openings 1031 in the embodiment of the present application, and the number of sub-radiation openings 1031 is not limited in the embodiment of the present application.

In the embodiment of the present application, by setting the above-mentioned antenna 100 in an electronic device such as a radar system, the gain of the antenna 100 is improved, the signal transmission performance of the electronic device is ensured, and the low profile and small radiation surface 101 of the antenna 100 are also realized, reducing the The occupied size of the antenna 100 in the electronic device is ensured, and a suitable space is provided for setting other components in the electronic device. For example, an array antenna can be set in the electronic device on the basis of ensuring a certain size of the electronic device, so as to further improve the performance of the electronic device. The performance of the device enables the electronic device to meet more requirements and adapt to more application scenarios. For example, it can be used in vehicle radar system applications and has extremely high application value. In addition, the antenna 100 of the embodiment of the present application may also be applicable to scenarios with limited size such as millimeter wave sensing radar and satellite communication in motion.

In the embodiment of the present application, by setting the array antenna formed by the above-mentioned multiple antennas 100 in an electronic device such as a radar system, on the one hand, the working performance of the electronic device is improved, and on the other hand, the occupied size of the array antenna in the electronic device is also reduced. From a perspective, on the basis of a certain size of the electronic device, the number of antennas 100 in the array antenna can be increased, thereby improving the radiation performance of the array antenna 100 and improving the working performance of the electronic device.

It should be noted here that the numerical values and numerical ranges involved in the embodiments of the present application are approximate values, and there may be a certain range of errors due to the influence of the manufacturing process, and those skilled in the art may consider these errors to be negligible.

It should be understood that "electrical connection" in this application can be understood as the physical contact and electrical conduction of components; it can also be understood as the connection between different components in the circuit structure through printed circuit board (printed circuit board, PCB) copper foil or wires A form of connection such as physical lines that can transmit electrical signals. "Coupling" can be understood as electrical conduction through space through indirect coupling. The coupling in this application can be understood as capacitive coupling, for example, the coupling between the gaps between the two conductive elements 120 forms an equivalent capacitance to realize signal transmission. Among them, those skilled in the art can understand that the coupling phenomenon refers to the close cooperation and mutual influence between the input and output of two or more circuit elements or electrical networks, and through the interaction from one side to the other side The phenomenon of energy transfer. "Communication connection" may refer to electrical signal transmission, including wireless communication connection and wired communication connection. A wireless communication connection does not require a physical medium and does not belong to a connection relationship that defines a product configuration. Both "connection" and "connection" can refer to a mechanical or physical connection relationship, that is, the connection between A and B or the connection between A and B can mean that there are fastening components (such as screws, bolts, rivets, etc.) between A and B. etc.), or A and B are in contact with each other and A and B are difficult to be separated.

In the description of the embodiments of the present application, it should be noted that unless otherwise specified and limited, the terms "installation", "connection" and "connection" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection or a An indirect connection through an intermediary may be an internal communication between two elements or an interaction relationship between two elements. Those of ordinary skill in the art can understand the specific meanings of the above terms in the embodiments of the present application according to specific situations.

The terms "first", "second", "third", "fourth", etc. (if any) in the description and claims of the embodiments of the present application and the above drawings are used to distinguish similar objects, while It is not necessarily used to describe a particular order or sequence.

Claims

An antenna, characterized in that it includes an antenna body;

The antenna main body has a radiation opening surface, the radiation opening surface has at least one radiation opening, and a conductive member is arranged at the radiation opening, and the conductive member separates the radiation opening into two sub-radiation openings; or, The radiation opening is provided with a plurality of conductive members, and the plurality of conductive members are arranged at intervals along the direction of the electric field perpendicular to the radiation opening, so as to divide the radiation opening into three or more sub-radiation openings;

A plurality of the sub-radiation openings are arranged at intervals along the electric field direction perpendicular to the radiation opening surface, and each of the sub-radiation openings is located on the radiation opening surface, and each of the sub-radiation openings is vertical to the radiation opening surface. The size of the electric field direction is 0.3λ˜2λ, wherein the λ is the working wavelength of the antenna.
The antenna according to claim 1, wherein the conductive element is located inside the antenna main body, and two ends of the conductive element are respectively connected to inner walls of the antenna main body.
The antenna according to claim 2, wherein the conductive member and the antenna main body are integrally formed as one piece.
The antenna according to claim 2, wherein the antenna body comprises a first part and a second part arranged in sequence along the axial direction;

The antenna is a waveguide antenna, the first part includes a waveguide section and a part of the radiation section of the antenna, and the second part is another part of the radiation section;

The first part and the second part are separate parts, and the conductive part is integrally formed with the second part.
The antenna according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that there is a positioning mark on the radiation opening surface, and the positioning mark is used for positioning the conductive member on the radiation opening surface.
The antenna according to claim 5, wherein a limiting groove is formed on the surface of the radiation opening, the limiting groove is located on both sides of the radiation opening along the electric field direction, and the conductive member is located at the radiation opening At least part of the outer side is embedded in the limiting groove;

The limiting groove is configured as the positioning mark.
The antenna according to claim 1, wherein the antenna further comprises a connector;

The connecting piece is covered on the radiation port surface, and the conductive piece is arranged on the connecting piece.
The antenna according to claim 7, wherein the connecting element is a diaphragm, and a conductive pattern is formed on the diaphragm, and the conductive pattern is configured as the conductive element.
The antenna according to claim 7 or 8, characterized in that there is a certain distance between the outer edge of the conductive member and the inner wall of the antenna main body in a direction parallel to the radiation opening surface.
The antenna according to any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that the radial cross-sectional areas of the plurality of sub-radiation openings are equal or unequal.
The antenna according to any one of claims 1-10, characterized in that, the outer wall of the conductive member is wrapped with a reinforcement layer, and the material of the reinforcement layer includes foam plastics, non-polar resins, and weak polar resins. any of the
The antenna according to any one of claims 1-11, characterized in that there are a plurality of radiation openings, and the plurality of radiation openings are arranged at intervals on the radiation opening surface of the antenna main body.
The antenna according to any one of claims 1-12, wherein the antenna is any one of a waveguide slot antenna, a waveguide horn antenna, and a waveguide probe antenna.
An array antenna, characterized in that it comprises a plurality of antennas according to any one of claims 1-13, and the plurality of antennas are arranged in an array.
An electronic device, characterized by comprising a radio frequency circuit, at least one antenna according to any one of claims 1-13, or at least one array antenna according to claim 14;

Each of the antennas is electrically connected to the radio frequency circuit.