CN113422214A - Broadband dual-linear polarization waveguide array antenna and communication device - Google Patents
Broadband dual-linear polarization waveguide array antenna and communication device Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN113422214A CN113422214A CN202110976467.XA CN202110976467A CN113422214A CN 113422214 A CN113422214 A CN 113422214A CN 202110976467 A CN202110976467 A CN 202110976467A CN 113422214 A CN113422214 A CN 113422214A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- waveguide
- plane
- polarization
- interface
- array antenna
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
- H01Q21/06—Arrays of individually energised antenna units similarly polarised and spaced apart
- H01Q21/061—Two dimensional planar arrays
- H01Q21/064—Two dimensional planar arrays using horn or slot aerials
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/12—Supports; Mounting means
- H01Q1/22—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles
- H01Q1/24—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/50—Structural association of antennas with earthing switches, lead-in devices or lightning protectors
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
- H01Q21/0006—Particular feeding systems
Landscapes
- Variable-Direction Aerials And Aerial Arrays (AREA)
Abstract
The application provides a broadband dual-linear polarization waveguide array antenna and a communication device, which comprise a plurality of antenna units which are arranged on a first plane in an array mode, wherein each antenna unit comprises 4 waveguide radiation subunits, a first waveguide power distribution unit and a second waveguide power distribution unit. According to the broadband dual-linear polarization waveguide array antenna, the array antenna unit is compact in structure, so that the generation of grating lobes can be reduced; one polarization interface of the waveguide orthogonal mode coupler is arranged in a mode that an orifice faces downwards, and only the downward space is occupied when the polarization interface is connected with the waveguide power dividing unit, so that the problem that a vertical polarization waveguide power dividing network cannot be arranged is solved; the waveguide orthogonal mode coupler has the advantages of fewer units and lower processing difficulty; grid bars are arranged in the upper opening of the open waveguide to divide the upper opening into 2 square openings, so that the spatial distribution frequency of effective radiation elements on the opening surface of the antenna is improved, and a larger bandwidth can be realized.
Description
Technical Field
The application belongs to the technical field of satellite antennas, and particularly relates to a waveguide array antenna and a communication device.
Background
The array antenna is an energy conversion device in a mobile communication system, and can convert electromagnetic wave signals transmitted by a mobile station into electric signals for processing by a base station; or the electric signal transmitted by the base station can be converted into an electromagnetic wave signal for the mobile station to receive randomly; thereby realizing the two-way communication of the communication system.
The existing array antenna adopts an open waveguide horn and an orthogonal mode coupler as basic radiating elements, and the main differences are the form of the orthogonal mode coupler, the element spacing and the grid of the radiating ports of the unit waveguide horn.
In the prior art, there is an antenna unit of a low-grating-lobe waveguide horn array antenna, which is formed by combining a square waveguide horn radiation port and a waveguide orthogonal mode coupler, and a cross-shaped grating structure is added on the waveguide horn port to improve the spatial distribution frequency of effective radiation elements on the surface of the antenna port, so as to suppress grating lobes. In the waveguide horn array antenna, the grating strips are added, so that the diffraction angle of the grating lobes is enlarged, the grating lobes are influenced to a certain extent, and the grating lobes are not completely inhibited.
In the prior art, another low-grating lobe waveguide horn array antenna exists, the sizes of an orthogonal mode coupler and a waveguide radiation horn mouth are compressed by adopting an orthogonal mode coupler formed by a cross-shaped orthogonal coupling cavity, the unit distance is reduced, and grating lobes are reduced; although the waveguide horn array antenna can thoroughly solve the grating lobe problem, the antenna of the type has narrow relative bandwidth and cannot meet the use of the existing high-flux satellite; and the unit number is more, and the processing degree of difficulty is higher.
In summary, the array antenna in the prior art has the technical problems of too high grating lobe, narrow bandwidth and high processing difficulty.
Disclosure of Invention
The application provides a broadband dual-linear polarization waveguide array antenna which can effectively solve the problems of overhigh grating lobe, narrow bandwidth and high processing difficulty.
The technical scheme provided by the application is as follows: a broadband dual-linear polarization waveguide array antenna comprises a plurality of antenna units which are arranged on a first plane in an array mode, wherein each antenna unit comprises 4 waveguide radiation subunits, a first waveguide power dividing unit and a second waveguide power dividing unit;
the waveguide radiation subunit consists of an open waveguide and a waveguide orthogonal mode coupler which are arranged along a first direction, the projection of the waveguide orthogonal mode coupler on the first plane is positioned in the range of the projection of the open waveguide on the first plane, and the first direction is perpendicular to the first plane; the waveguide orthogonal mode coupler has a first polarization interface with an aperture face perpendicular to the first plane and a second polarization interface with an aperture face parallel to the first plane;
the first waveguide power dividing unit is connected with the first polarization interface, and the second waveguide power dividing unit is connected with the second polarization interface;
the open waveguide comprises an upper opening which is parallel to the first plane and rectangular in shape, grid bars are arranged in the upper opening to divide the upper opening into 2 square openings, and the square openings are arranged in a 2 x 4 array on the first plane.
According to the broadband dual-linear polarization waveguide array antenna, the projection of each waveguide orthogonal mode coupler on the first plane is located in the projection range of the opening waveguide on the first plane, so that when the opening waveguide is arranged, the distance between the adjacent opening waveguides can be reduced as much as possible, the structure of the array antenna unit can be compact, the generation of grating lobes can be reduced, and the interference of the grating lobes on adjacent stars can be reduced.
According to the broadband dual-linear polarization waveguide array antenna, the distance between the adjacent opening waveguides is reduced as much as possible, so that the distance between the waveguide orthogonal mode couplers is correspondingly reduced, and higher requirements are provided for the connection mode of the waveguide orthogonal mode couplers and the waveguide power dividing unit, therefore, one polarization interface of the waveguide orthogonal mode couplers is arranged in a mode that an orifice is downward, and therefore, when the polarization interface is connected with the waveguide power dividing unit, only downward space is occupied, the space in the horizontal direction is less occupied, and the problem that a vertical polarization waveguide power dividing network cannot be arranged is solved. Compared with a waveguide orthogonal mode coupler formed by two cross orthogonal coupling cavities, the waveguide orthogonal mode coupler has the advantages of less unit number and lower processing difficulty.
According to the broadband dual-linear polarization waveguide array antenna, the grid bars are arranged in the upper opening of the opening waveguide, so that the upper opening is split into 2 square openings, the square openings are arranged in a 2 x 4 array mode on the first plane, the spatial distribution frequency of effective radiating elements of the opening face of the antenna is improved, grid lobes are restrained, the antenna meets the requirement of a satellite communication antenna for network access, and the broadband dual-linear polarization waveguide array antenna has a large bandwidth.
In a possible design, a side wall of the waveguide orthogonal mode coupler is provided with the first polarization interface, and a bottom wall of the waveguide orthogonal mode coupler is provided with the second polarization interface;
the side wall of the waveguide orthogonal mode coupler with the first polarization interface is of a step-shaped structure, and the step-shaped structure extends to the second polarization interface.
In a possible design, the first waveguide power dividing unit has a first input interface and 4 first output interfaces, and the 4 first output interfaces are respectively connected to the 4 first polarization interfaces;
the second waveguide power dividing unit is provided with a second input interface and 4 second output interfaces, and the 4 second output interfaces are respectively connected with the 4 second polarization interfaces.
In a possible design, 4 of the first output interfaces are distributed in a 2 × 2 array with the aperture plane perpendicular to the first plane, the first input interfaces are also arranged with the aperture plane perpendicular to the first plane, and the upper edge of the first input interface is lower than the lower edge of the first output interface;
the 4 second output interfaces are distributed in a 2 x 2 array mode with the orifice surfaces parallel to the first plane, the second input interfaces are arranged in a mode with the orifice surfaces perpendicular to the first plane, and the upper edge of each second input interface is lower than the orifice surface of each second output interface.
In a possible design manner, the first waveguide power dividing unit is composed of 1 ET power divider, 2 HT power dividers, and a plurality of curved waveguides;
the second waveguide power dividing unit consists of 1 HT power divider, 2 ET power dividers and a plurality of bent waveguides.
In one possible design, the array antenna further includes:
the first waveguide power distribution network is connected with the 4 first waveguide power distribution units;
and the second waveguide power distribution network is connected with the 4 second waveguide power distribution units.
In a possible design, the first waveguide power dividing network has a third input interface and 4 third output interfaces, and the 4 third output interfaces are respectively connected to the 4 first input interfaces;
the second waveguide power distribution network is provided with a fourth input interface and 4 fourth output interfaces, and the 4 fourth output interfaces are respectively connected with the 4 second input interfaces.
In a possible design, 4 of the third output interfaces are distributed in a 1 × 4 array with the aperture plane perpendicular to the first plane, the third input interfaces are also arranged with the aperture plane perpendicular to the first plane, and an upper edge of the third input interface is lower than a lower edge of the third output interface;
the 4 fourth output interfaces are distributed in a 1 × 4 array mode with the orifice faces perpendicular to the first plane, the fourth input interfaces are also arranged in a mode with the orifice faces perpendicular to the first plane, and the upper edges of the fourth input interfaces are flush with the upper edges of the fourth output interfaces.
In a possible design, the first waveguide power dividing network is composed of 3 ET power dividers and a plurality of bent waveguides;
the second waveguide power distribution network is composed of 3 ET power dividers and a plurality of bent waveguides.
On the other hand, the technical scheme provided by the application is as follows: a communication device comprises the broadband dual-linear polarization waveguide array antenna.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present application, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without inventive exercise.
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a broadband dual-linear polarization waveguide array antenna provided by an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of an antenna unit provided in an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of FIG. 2 from another perspective;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a waveguide radiating subunit provided by an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of another perspective of FIG. 4;
fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of a first waveguide power dividing unit according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of a second waveguide power dividing unit provided in the embodiment of the present application;
fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of a first waveguide power distribution network provided in an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of a second waveguide power distribution network provided in an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 10 is a schematic diagram of a first waveguide power dividing unit, a second waveguide power dividing unit, a first waveguide power dividing network, and a second waveguide power dividing network provided in the embodiment of the present application after connection.
Reference numerals:
10. an antenna unit; 11. a waveguide radiating subunit; 111. an open waveguide; 111a, an upper opening; 111b, grid bars; 112. a waveguide orthogonal mode coupler; 112a, a first polarization interface; 112b, a second polarization interface; 12. a first waveguide power dividing unit; 121. a first input interface; 122. a first output interface; 13. a second waveguide power dividing unit; 131. a second input interface; 132. a second output interface;
20. a first waveguide power splitting network; 21. a third input interface; 22. a third output interface;
30. a second waveguide power splitting network; 31. a fourth input interface; 32. and a fourth output interface.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present application, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.
In the description of the embodiments of the present application, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implying any number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In the description of the present application, "plurality" means at least two, e.g., two, three, etc., unless specifically limited otherwise. In this application, unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly and can include, for example, fixed connections, removable connections, or integral parts; they may be directly connected or indirectly connected through intervening media, or they may be connected internally or in any other suitable relationship, unless expressly stated otherwise. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art as appropriate.
In this application, unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, the first feature "on" or "under" the second feature may be directly contacting the first and second features or indirectly contacting the first and second features through intervening media. Also, a first feature "on," "over," and "above" a second feature may be directly or diagonally above the second feature, or may simply indicate that the first feature is at a higher level than the second feature. A first feature being "under," "below," and "beneath" a second feature may be directly under or obliquely under the first feature, or may simply mean that the first feature is at a lesser elevation than the second feature.
In the description of the present application, it is to be understood that the terms "inner," "outer," "upper," "bottom," "front," "back," and the like, when used in the orientation or positional relationship indicated in FIG. 1, are used solely for the purpose of facilitating a description of the present application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus should not be considered as limiting the present application.
In recent years, with the rapid development of satellite communication applications, synchronous orbit satellites are more and more, the satellite distance is smaller and smaller, and the communication frequency of the satellites is affected, so that the adjacent satellite interference phenomenon increases year by year. Because the distance between the two satellites is too close, the downlink electromagnetic field intensity of the interfered satellite and the downlink electromagnetic field intensity of the interfering satellite have a common overlapping coverage area, in the overlapping coverage area, the ground station of the interfered satellite receives the directional satellite signal, and the antenna side lobe also receives the same frequency signal of the adjacent satellite, so that the interference causes the increase of the bit error rate of a receiving end, the reduction of the signal to noise ratio and the instability of the received signal. If the aperture of the antenna is small, the probability and strength of the occurrence of the adjacent satellite interference are higher.
The problem of adjacent satellite interference, though, can reduce the impact of such interference by methods such as isolating beam coverage and frequency, reducing the sidelobes of the antenna, and the like. However, under the condition that the current geosynchronous orbit is increasingly crowded, the phenomenon of adjacent satellite interference is still more and more.
In the above-mentioned adjacent satellite interference problem, the degree of influence of the interference is mainly related to the earth station antenna pattern. Ideally, the antenna pattern has only one main lobe beam and no other side lobe beams, because the side lobe beams spread the energy and attenuate more, but in practice only one main lobe beam is not possible. When the antenna emits signals outwards, besides the main lobe beam, a plurality of side lobe beams are not generated, and for the array antenna, one or more side lobe beam gains are not greatly different from the main lobe beam gain, or the gain is higher, in the side lobe beams of the antenna, and the beams are called grating lobes. Because the difference between the grating lobe gain and the main lobe gain is not large, the grating lobe can not spread energy and can generate serious adjacent satellite interference problem.
An array antenna refers to an antenna formed by two or more single antennas arranged according to a certain space, a main lobe beam refers to a maximum radiation beam on an antenna directional diagram, and small beams beside the main lobe are called side lobes. The so-called grating lobes are caused by improper spacing arrangement between antennas in the array antenna, resulting in superposition in other directions than the main lobe due to the same phase of the field strength, thereby forming a beam of equal amplitude to the main lobe.
The existing array antenna for satellite communication comprises an open waveguide and an orthogonal mode coupler, the distance between antennas is about 1.7 times of wavelength, the grating lobes of the array antenna arranged at the distance are very high, therefore, a metal cross frame is usually added on the open waveguide, one open waveguide is divided into four small open waveguides to solve the problem of the grating lobes, although the method enables the energy of the open waveguide to be more uniform and restrains the grating lobes to a certain degree, the structure is still very easy to generate the grating lobes, and the gain of the grating lobes wave beams is still high.
In addition, in the prior art, there is also a low grating lobe waveguide horn array antenna, which compresses the sizes of an orthogonal mode coupler and an open waveguide by using an orthogonal mode coupler formed by a cross-shaped orthogonal coupling cavity, reduces the unit spacing, and reduces grating lobes; although the waveguide horn array antenna can thoroughly solve the grating lobe problem, the bandwidth is limited, and the use of the existing high-flux satellite cannot be met; and the unit number is more, and the processing degree of difficulty is higher.
Based on the technical defects in the prior art, an array antenna needs to be designed, the problems of overhigh grating lobe, narrow bandwidth and high processing difficulty can be effectively solved, so that the grating lobe can be effectively reduced, the network access standard requirement of the antenna is met, meanwhile, the bandwidth can be increased to more than 30%, the use of a high-flux satellite is met, and the processing is relatively simple.
The broadband dual-linear polarization waveguide array antenna provided by the application is described below by combining specific examples.
As shown in fig. 1-5, the present application provides a broadband dual-linear polarization waveguide array antenna that may be used in an earth station of a satellite communication link. The broadband dual-linear polarization waveguide array antenna comprises a plurality of antenna units 10 which are arranged on a first plane in an array mode, wherein each antenna unit 10 comprises 4 waveguide radiation sub-units 11, a first waveguide power dividing unit 12 and a second waveguide power dividing unit 13.
The waveguide radiation subunit 11 is composed of an open waveguide 111 and a waveguide orthogonal mode coupler 112 which are arranged along a first direction, the projection of the waveguide orthogonal mode coupler 112 on a first plane is positioned in the range of the projection of the open waveguide 111 on the first plane, and the first direction is perpendicular to the first plane; the waveguide orthogonal mode coupler 112 has a first polarization interface 112a and a second polarization interface 112b, the aperture face of the first polarization interface 112a being perpendicular to the first plane, and the aperture face of the second polarization interface 112b being parallel to the first plane.
The first waveguide power dividing unit 12 is connected to the first polarization interface 112a, and the second waveguide power dividing unit 13 is connected to the second polarization interface 112 b.
The open waveguide 111 includes an upper opening 111a parallel to the first plane and having a rectangular shape, and a grating 111b is disposed in the upper opening 111a to divide the upper opening 111a into 2 square openings, and the square openings are arranged in a 2 × 4 array on the first plane.
For example, when the first plane is a horizontal plane, a first direction perpendicular to the first plane refers to a vertical direction, and when 4 waveguide radiation subunits 11 are arranged in a 2 × 2 array on the first plane for each antenna unit 10, each waveguide radiation subunit 11 is composed of an open waveguide 111 and a waveguide orthomode coupler 112, and thus, the 4 open waveguides 111 are also arranged in a 2 × 2 array on the first plane, and the 4 waveguide orthomode couplers 112 are also arranged in a 2 × 2 array on the first plane.
For each waveguide radiating subunit 11, the fact that the projection of the waveguide orthomode coupler 112 on the first plane is within the projection of the open waveguide 111 on the first plane means that the dimension of the waveguide orthomode coupler 112 parallel to the first plane is smaller than the dimension of the open waveguide 111 parallel to the first plane, and if the open waveguide 111 and the waveguide orthomode coupler 112 have the same central axis in the vertical direction, the waveguide orthomode coupler 112 will be located right below the open waveguide 111.
It is because the waveguide orthomode coupler 112 is located right below the open waveguide 111 and the projection range of the waveguide orthomode coupler 112 on the first plane is small, so that the spacing between the waveguide radiating subunits 11 is no longer limited by the size of the waveguide orthomode coupler 112. At this time, the main influence factor of the distance between every two 4 waveguide radiation subunits 11 is the distance between the open waveguides 111, and the distance between the open waveguides 111 can be reduced as much as necessary, so that the generation of grating lobes can be reduced, and the interference of the grating lobes on adjacent stars can be reduced. In addition to this, since the structure of the antenna unit 10 becomes compact, the material cost of the antenna unit 10 can be reduced.
In addition, since the projection range of the waveguide orthogonal mode coupler 112 on the first plane is small, the problem of connection between the waveguide orthogonal mode coupler 112 and the waveguide power dividing unit needs to be considered, and if the aperture planes of the two polarization interfaces of the waveguide orthogonal mode coupler 112 are perpendicular to the first plane, the projection range of the waveguide orthogonal mode coupler 112 on the first plane may be large, and then exceeds the projection range of the open waveguide 111 on the first plane, which affects the distance between the open waveguides 111. Thus, the aperture plane of at least one of the polarization interfaces of waveguide orthogonal mode coupler 112 is parallel to the first plane.
Considering the projection range of the waveguide orthomode coupler 112 on the first plane and the connection problem with the waveguide power dividing unit comprehensively, the two polarization interfaces of the waveguide orthomode coupler 112 are designed as follows: the aperture face of the first polarization port 112a is perpendicular to the first plane and the aperture face of the second polarization port 112b is parallel to the first plane.
Alternatively, the first polarization interface 112a and the second polarization interface 112b of the waveguide orthogonal mode coupler 112 are arranged at different positions, but may have the same shape and may have a rectangular structure.
Since the first polarization interface 112a and the second polarization interface 112b of the waveguide orthogonal mode coupler 112 are arranged at different positions, the structures and shapes of the first waveguide power dividing unit 12 and the second waveguide power dividing unit 13 respectively connected to the first polarization interface 112a and the second polarization interface 112b are different, and the details are described below.
Optionally, the aperture surfaces of the first polarization interface 112a and the second polarization interface 112b may be parallel to the first plane, and in this case, the structures and the shapes of the first waveguide power dividing unit 12 and the second waveguide power dividing unit 13 may be the same or different.
Each waveguide radiating subunit 11 has a first polarization interface 112a and a second polarization interface 112b, and when the first plane is a horizontal plane, 4 first polarization interfaces 112a are also arranged in a 2 × 2 array on the first plane, and 4 second polarization interfaces 112b are also arranged in a 2 × 2 array on the first plane.
The first waveguide power dividing unit 12 is connected to 4 first polarization interfaces 112a, so that one first waveguide power dividing unit 12 can transmit one path of polarization signal to 4 waveguide orthogonal mode couplers 112; the second waveguide power dividing unit 13 is connected to 4 second polarization interfaces 112b, so that one second waveguide power dividing unit 13 can transmit the other polarization signal to 4 waveguide orthomode couplers 112.
Then, for each waveguide orthogonal mode coupler 112, one path of signal transmitted by the first waveguide power dividing unit 12 and the other path of signal transmitted by the second waveguide power dividing unit 13 may be combined into a coaxial linearly polarized or circularly polarized signal, and then radiated through the open waveguide 111.
On the contrary, the open waveguide 111 may also receive linearly polarized or circularly polarized signals, so that the waveguide orthogonal mode coupler 112 may separate horizontally polarized signals and vertically polarized signals, and transmit the two polarized signals to the first waveguide power dividing unit 12 and the second waveguide power dividing unit 13, respectively.
When the first plane is a horizontal plane, the open waveguide 111 includes an upper opening 111a parallel to the first plane and rectangular in shape, and grid bars 111b are arranged in the upper opening 111a to divide the upper opening 111a into 2 square openings, and the square openings are arranged in a 2 × 4 array on the first plane, so as to improve the spatial distribution frequency of effective radiating elements on the antenna aperture surface, suppress grid lobes, and enable the antenna to meet the requirement of a satellite communication antenna for network access.
In the broadband dual-linear polarization waveguide array antenna, because the projection of each waveguide orthogonal mode coupler 112 on the first plane is located in the projection range of the open waveguide 111 on the first plane, when the open waveguides 111 are arranged, the distance between the adjacent open waveguides 111 can be reduced as much as possible, and the structure of the array antenna unit 10 can be compact, so that the generation of grating lobes can be reduced, and the interference of the grating lobes on adjacent stars can be reduced.
In the broadband dual-linear polarization waveguide array antenna, the distance between the adjacent open waveguides 111 is reduced as much as possible, so that the distance between the waveguide orthogonal mode couplers 112 is correspondingly reduced, and higher requirements are put forward for the connection mode of the waveguide orthogonal mode couplers 112 and the waveguide power dividing unit, so that one polarization interface of the waveguide orthogonal mode couplers 112 is arranged in a mode that an orifice is downward, and therefore, when the polarization interface is connected with the waveguide power dividing unit, only the downward space is occupied, the space in the horizontal direction is less occupied, and the problem that a vertical polarization waveguide power dividing network cannot be arranged is solved. Compared with the waveguide orthogonal mode coupler 112 formed by two cross orthogonal coupling cavities, the waveguide orthogonal mode coupler 112 has fewer units and lower processing difficulty.
In the broadband dual-linear polarization waveguide array antenna, the grid bars 111b are arranged in the upper opening 111a of the opening waveguide 111, so that the upper opening 111a is split into 2 square openings, and the square openings are arranged in a 2 x 4 array on the first plane, and further the spatial distribution frequency of effective radiation elements on the opening surface of the antenna is improved, grid lobes are suppressed, and the antenna meets the requirement of a satellite communication antenna for network access. By adopting the broadband dual-line polarization waveguide array antenna, the working frequency band of satellite communication can be increased from the original 12.25-14.5GHz to the current 10.7-14.5GHz, the bandwidth is increased to more than 30%, and the use of a high-flux satellite is met.
As shown in fig. 4-5, in one embodiment, a sidewall of the waveguide orthomode coupler 112 is provided with a first polarization interface 112a, and a bottom wall of the waveguide orthomode coupler 112 is provided with a second polarization interface 112 b. The waveguide orthogonal mode coupler 112 has a stepped structure on a sidewall having the first polarization interface 112 a.
The side wall of the waveguide orthogonal mode coupler 112 refers to: a wall along the vertical direction perpendicular to the horizontal plane. The bottom wall of waveguide orthomode coupler 112 refers to: a wall parallel to the horizontal plane.
The second polarization interface 112b is disposed on the bottom wall of the waveguide orthogonal mode coupler 112, so that the space in the horizontal direction of the waveguide orthogonal mode coupler 112 can be saved, the waveguide orthogonal mode coupler 112 can realize a small-pitch arrangement mode, and can be conveniently connected with a waveguide power distribution unit, thereby solving the problem that a vertically polarized waveguide power distribution network cannot be arranged.
In addition, the waveguide orthogonal mode coupler 112 is provided with a first polarization interface 112a and a second polarization interface 112b, which can be directly combined and connected with the first waveguide power dividing unit 12 and the second waveguide power dividing unit 13, respectively, without adding a transition section. Furthermore, since an electromagnetic wave signal of TE10 mode is transmitted, and such a signal can be transmitted only inside the rectangular waveguide, the first polarization port 112a and the second polarization port 112b are both configured to be rectangular.
The bottom surface of the waveguide orthogonal mode coupler 112 is in step transition to form the second polarization interface 112b, which has the advantage of being convenient for processing.
As shown in fig. 3 to 4, the sidewalls having the stepped structure on the 4 waveguide orthogonal mode couplers 112 are provided around the first waveguide power dividing unit 12, and the space in the horizontal direction of the waveguide orthogonal mode couplers 112 is further used.
As shown in fig. 6-7, in an embodiment, the first waveguide power dividing unit 12 has a first input interface 121 and 4 first output interfaces 122, and the 4 first output interfaces 122 are respectively connected to the 4 first polarization interfaces 112 a.
The second waveguide power dividing unit 13 has a second input interface 131 and 4 second output interfaces 132, and the 4 second output interfaces 132 are respectively connected to the 4 second polarization interfaces 112 b.
The electromagnetic wave signal enters from the first input interface 121 or the second input interface 131, is divided into 4 electromagnetic wave signals by equal power, is transmitted from the 4 first output interfaces 122 or the 4 second output interfaces 132, and then enters the first polarization interface 112a or the second polarization interface 112b arranged on the 4 waveguide orthogonal mode couplers 112.
Or, the signals transmitted by the 4 waveguide radiating subunits 11 are received and then combined into one signal.
As shown in fig. 6 to 7, in an embodiment, in order to more reasonably arrange the first waveguide power dividing unit 12 and the second waveguide power dividing unit 13 so as to fully utilize the space below the waveguide radiating sub-unit 11, the first waveguide power dividing unit 12 and the second waveguide power dividing unit 13 are arranged along the first direction.
Based on the above arrangement, the specific design manner of the input interface and the output interface in the first waveguide power dividing unit 12 and the second waveguide power dividing unit 13 is as follows:
the 4 first output interfaces 122 are distributed in a 2 × 2 array with the aperture plane perpendicular to the first plane, the first input interfaces 121 are also arranged with the aperture plane perpendicular to the first plane, and the upper edge of the first input interface 121 is lower than the lower edge of the first output interface 122.
The 4 second output interfaces 132 are distributed in a 2 × 2 array with the aperture surfaces parallel to the first plane, the second input interfaces 131 are arranged with the aperture surfaces perpendicular to the first plane, and the upper edge of the second input interface 131 is lower than the aperture surfaces of the second output interfaces 132.
In one embodiment, the first waveguide power dividing unit 12 is composed of 1 ET power divider, 2 HT power dividers, and a plurality of waveguides. The second waveguide power dividing unit 13 is composed of 1 HT power divider, 2 ET power dividers, and a plurality of waveguides.
The ET power divider is an E-plane waveguide T-type power divider, and the E-plane refers to a directional diagram tangent plane parallel to the electric field direction. The T-shaped structure means that the three ports of the power divider form a T-shaped structure on the same plane. The power divider is a device that divides one input signal energy into two or more paths to output equal or unequal energy, and may also combine multiple signal energy into one output, which may be referred to as a combiner. Certain isolation degree should be guaranteed between output ports of one power divider. Here, the ET power divider is a one-to-two power divider that divides one input signal into two outputs.
The HT power divider is an H-plane waveguide T-type power divider, and the H-plane is a directional pattern section parallel to the magnetic field direction.
A waveguide bend, also called a bend waveguide, has a sudden and changing length of waveguide in its longitudinal direction. The effect of the curved waveguide is to change the direction of energy transfer.
The curved waveguide is divided into two types of E-surface curved waveguide and H-surface curved waveguide, the curved type comprises arc curved waveguide and corner cut curved waveguide, and the corner cut curved waveguide can be applied to the conditions of short wall length, large waveguide, narrow bandwidth and low power. The standard bend angle is 90 deg., and other bend angles may be provided. The bent waveguide type comprises standard types such as rectangle, circle, double ridges and the like; the basic material of the bend waveguide is copper material and aluminum material, and the surface treatment includes silver plating, gold plating, nickel plating, passivation, conductive oxidation and other treatment methods.
As shown in fig. 8-10, in order to further split the electromagnetic wave signal and combine more electromagnetic wave signals into one signal, in an embodiment, the array antenna further includes: the first waveguide power dividing network 20, the first waveguide power dividing network 20 and the 4 first waveguide power dividing units 12 are all connected; and the second waveguide power distribution network 30, the second waveguide power distribution network 30 and the 4 second waveguide power distribution units 13 are all connected.
In one embodiment, the first waveguide power dividing network 20 has a third input interface 21 and 4 third output interfaces 22, and the 4 third output interfaces 22 are respectively connected to the 4 first input interfaces 121; the second waveguide power dividing network 30 has a fourth input interface 31 and 4 fourth output interfaces 32, and the 4 fourth output interfaces 32 are respectively connected to the 4 second input interfaces 131.
Electromagnetic wave signals enter from the third input interface 21 or the fourth input interface 31, are divided into 4 electromagnetic wave signals by equal power, are transmitted from the 4 third output interfaces 22 or the 4 fourth output interfaces 32, enter the 4 first input interfaces 121 or the 4 second input interfaces 131, are divided into 4 electromagnetic wave signals by equal power again, are transmitted from the 16 first output interfaces 122 or the 16 second output interfaces 132, and then enter the first polarization interface 112a or the second polarization interface 112b arranged on the 16 waveguide orthogonal mode couplers 112.
In this embodiment, the first waveguide power dividing network 20, the second waveguide power dividing network 30, the first waveguide power dividing unit 12, and the second waveguide power dividing unit 13 are equivalent to a one-to-sixteen power divider, and can divide one path of electromagnetic wave signal into sixteen paths of electromagnetic wave signals, or can combine the sixteen paths of electromagnetic wave signals into one path.
As shown in fig. 8 to 10, in an embodiment, in order to more reasonably arrange the first waveguide power dividing network 20 and the second waveguide power dividing network 30, so as to fully utilize the space below the waveguide radiating sub-unit 11, a specific design manner of the input interface and the output interface in the first waveguide power dividing network 20 and the second waveguide power dividing network 30 is as follows:
the 4 third output interfaces 22 are distributed in a 1 × 4 array with the aperture plane perpendicular to the first plane, the third input interfaces 21 are also arranged with the aperture plane perpendicular to the first plane, and the upper edge of the third input interface 21 is lower than the lower edge of the third output interface 22.
The 4 fourth output interfaces 32 are distributed in a 1 × 4 array with the aperture plane perpendicular to the first plane, the fourth input interfaces 31 are also arranged with the aperture plane perpendicular to the first plane, and the upper edge of the fourth input interface 31 is flush with the upper edge of the fourth output interface 32.
In one embodiment, the first waveguide power dividing network 20 is composed of 3 ET power dividers and a plurality of waveguides; the second waveguide power dividing network 30 is composed of 3 ET power dividers and a plurality of waveguides.
A communication device comprises the broadband dual-linear polarization waveguide array antenna.
According to the communication device, due to the adoption of the broadband dual-linear polarization waveguide array antenna, grating lobes can be effectively reduced, the requirement of the antenna network access specification is met, meanwhile, the bandwidth can be increased to more than 30%, the use of a high-flux satellite is met, and the processing is relatively simple.
The above description is only for the specific embodiments of the present application, but the scope of the present application is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art can easily conceive of the changes or substitutions within the technical scope of the present application, and shall be covered by the scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.
Claims (10)
1. The broadband dual-linear polarization waveguide array antenna is characterized by comprising a plurality of antenna units (10) which are arranged on a first plane in an array mode, wherein each antenna unit (10) comprises 4 waveguide radiation subunits (11), a first waveguide power dividing unit (12) and a second waveguide power dividing unit (13);
the waveguide radiation subunit (11) is composed of an open waveguide (111) and a waveguide orthogonal mode coupler (112) which are arranged along a first direction, the projection of the waveguide orthogonal mode coupler (112) on the first plane is located in the range of the projection of the open waveguide (111) on the first plane, and the first direction is perpendicular to the first plane; the waveguide orthogonal mode coupler (112) has a first polarization interface (112 a) and a second polarization interface (112 b), the aperture face of the first polarization interface (112 a) being perpendicular to the first plane, the aperture face of the second polarization interface (112 b) being parallel to the first plane;
the first waveguide power dividing unit (12) is connected to the first polarization interface (112 a), and the second waveguide power dividing unit (13) is connected to the second polarization interface (112 b);
the open waveguide (111) comprises an upper opening (111 a) which is parallel to the first plane and rectangular in shape, grid bars (111 b) are arranged in the upper opening (111 a) to divide the upper opening (111 a) into 2 square openings, and the square openings are arranged in a 2 x 4 array on the first plane.
2. The broadband dual-linearly-polarized waveguide array antenna according to claim 1, wherein a sidewall of the waveguide orthogonal mode coupler (112) is provided with the first polarization interface (112 a), and a bottom wall of the waveguide orthogonal mode coupler (112) is provided with the second polarization interface (112 b);
the side wall of the waveguide orthogonal mode coupler (112) with the first polarization interface (112 a) is in a step-shaped structure.
3. The broadband dual-wire polarized waveguide array antenna according to claim 2, wherein the first waveguide power dividing unit (12) has a first input interface (121) and 4 first output interfaces (122), and the 4 first output interfaces (122) are respectively connected to the 4 first polarization interfaces (112 a);
the second waveguide power dividing unit (13) has a second input interface (131) and 4 second output interfaces (132), and the 4 second output interfaces (132) are respectively connected to the 4 second polarization interfaces (112 b).
4. A broadband dual-wire polarized waveguide array antenna according to claim 3, wherein 4 of the first output interfaces (122) are distributed in a 2 x 2 array with the aperture plane perpendicular to the first plane, the first input interface (121) is arranged with the aperture plane perpendicular to the first plane, and the upper edge of the first input interface (121) is lower than the lower edge of the first output interface (122);
4 of the second output interfaces (132) are distributed in a 2 x 2 array with the orifice surfaces parallel to the first plane, the second input interfaces (131) are arranged with the orifice surfaces perpendicular to the first plane, and the upper edge of the second input interface (131) is lower than the orifice surfaces of the second output interfaces (132).
5. The broadband dual-linear polarization waveguide array antenna according to claim 4, wherein the first waveguide power dividing unit (12) is composed of 1 ET power divider, 2 HT power dividers and a plurality of bent waveguides;
and the second waveguide power dividing unit (13) consists of 1 HT power divider, 2 ET power dividers and a plurality of bent waveguides.
6. The broadband dual linear polarization waveguide array antenna according to claim 5, further comprising:
the first waveguide power distribution network (20), the first waveguide power distribution network (20) is connected with the 4 first waveguide power distribution units (12);
and the second waveguide power distribution network (30), wherein the second waveguide power distribution network (30) is connected with the 4 second waveguide power distribution units (13).
7. The broadband dual-wire polarized waveguide array antenna according to claim 6, wherein the first waveguide power distribution network (20) has a third input interface (21) and 4 third output interfaces (22), and the 4 third output interfaces (22) are respectively connected to the 4 first input interfaces (121);
the second waveguide power distribution network (30) has a fourth input interface (31) and 4 fourth output interfaces (32), and the 4 fourth output interfaces (32) are respectively connected to the 4 second input interfaces (131).
8. The broadband dual-wire polarized waveguide array antenna according to claim 7, wherein 4 of the third output interfaces (22) are distributed in a 1 x 4 array with the aperture plane perpendicular to the first plane, the third input interfaces (21) are arranged with the aperture plane perpendicular to the first plane, and the upper edge of the third input interface (21) is lower than the lower edge of the third output interface (22);
the 4 fourth output interfaces (32) are distributed in a mode of forming a 1 x 4 array by means of the orifice surfaces perpendicular to the first plane, the fourth input interfaces (31) are arranged in a mode of forming the orifice surfaces perpendicular to the first plane, and the upper edge of each fourth input interface (31) is flush with the upper edge of each fourth output interface (32).
9. The broadband dual-linear polarization waveguide array antenna according to claim 8, wherein the first waveguide power dividing network (20) is composed of 3 ET power dividers and a plurality of bent waveguides;
the second waveguide power distribution network (30) is composed of 3 ET power dividers and a plurality of bent waveguides.
10. A communication device comprising a broadband dual-wire polarized waveguide array antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 9.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110976467.XA CN113422214A (en) | 2021-08-24 | 2021-08-24 | Broadband dual-linear polarization waveguide array antenna and communication device |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110976467.XA CN113422214A (en) | 2021-08-24 | 2021-08-24 | Broadband dual-linear polarization waveguide array antenna and communication device |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN113422214A true CN113422214A (en) | 2021-09-21 |
Family
ID=77719923
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110976467.XA Pending CN113422214A (en) | 2021-08-24 | 2021-08-24 | Broadband dual-linear polarization waveguide array antenna and communication device |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN113422214A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2023124885A1 (en) * | 2021-12-29 | 2023-07-06 | 华为技术有限公司 | Antenna, array antenna and electronic device |
Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20030076193A1 (en) * | 2001-10-22 | 2003-04-24 | Chen Ming Hui | Multiple-channel feed network |
| US20120306592A1 (en) * | 2011-06-01 | 2012-12-06 | Mahon John P | Opposed Port Ortho-Mode Transducer With Ridged Branch Waveguide |
| CN205646177U (en) * | 2016-05-06 | 2016-10-12 | 上海航天测控通信研究所 | Exceedingly high line during low section flat board moves |
| CN106229637A (en) * | 2016-08-12 | 2016-12-14 | 南京肯微弗通信技术有限公司 | Panel antenna array and the plate aerial of band polarization modulation |
| CN106877004A (en) * | 2017-03-31 | 2017-06-20 | 安徽四创电子股份有限公司 | A kind of dual polarization broadband flat plate array antenna feeding network |
| CN107658568A (en) * | 2017-09-27 | 2018-02-02 | 北京星际安讯科技有限公司 | Dual-band and dual-polarization Shared aperture waveguide trumpet planar array antenna |
-
2021
- 2021-08-24 CN CN202110976467.XA patent/CN113422214A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20030076193A1 (en) * | 2001-10-22 | 2003-04-24 | Chen Ming Hui | Multiple-channel feed network |
| US20120306592A1 (en) * | 2011-06-01 | 2012-12-06 | Mahon John P | Opposed Port Ortho-Mode Transducer With Ridged Branch Waveguide |
| CN205646177U (en) * | 2016-05-06 | 2016-10-12 | 上海航天测控通信研究所 | Exceedingly high line during low section flat board moves |
| CN106229637A (en) * | 2016-08-12 | 2016-12-14 | 南京肯微弗通信技术有限公司 | Panel antenna array and the plate aerial of band polarization modulation |
| CN106877004A (en) * | 2017-03-31 | 2017-06-20 | 安徽四创电子股份有限公司 | A kind of dual polarization broadband flat plate array antenna feeding network |
| CN107658568A (en) * | 2017-09-27 | 2018-02-02 | 北京星际安讯科技有限公司 | Dual-band and dual-polarization Shared aperture waveguide trumpet planar array antenna |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2023124885A1 (en) * | 2021-12-29 | 2023-07-06 | 华为技术有限公司 | Antenna, array antenna and electronic device |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN111295798B (en) | Orthogonal mode converter | |
| EP3220481B1 (en) | Waveguide slot array antenna | |
| US8427370B2 (en) | Methods and apparatus for multiple beam aperture | |
| EP0390350B1 (en) | Low cross-polarization radiator of circularly polarized radiation | |
| US11515638B2 (en) | Square aperture frequency selective surfaces in Fabry-Perot cavity antenna systems | |
| CN111740233B (en) | Dual-polarized open waveguide array antenna and communication device | |
| CN111799572B (en) | Dual-polarized open waveguide array antenna and communication device | |
| EP3567677A1 (en) | Antenna array and communication device | |
| CN113193343B (en) | Ka frequency channel compact type high-efficiency broadband dual-circularly-polarized antenna | |
| Basavarajappa et al. | Millimeter-wave multi-beam waveguide lens antenna | |
| CN107968267B (en) | Multi-beam end-fire antenna | |
| CN114883797A (en) | Dual-frequency dual-polarized antenna unit, sub-array phase shifting module and phased array antenna array | |
| Makar et al. | Compact antennas with reduced self interference for simultaneous transmit and receive | |
| CN113422214A (en) | Broadband dual-linear polarization waveguide array antenna and communication device | |
| Lu et al. | Dual-band shared-aperture variable inclination continuous transverse stub antenna | |
| CN112290213B (en) | Dual-polarized open waveguide array antenna and communication device | |
| Lu et al. | Wideband dual linearly polarized hollow-waveguide septum antenna array for Ku-band satellite communications | |
| CN114243267A (en) | Ka-band broadband dual-circularly-polarized antenna unit and array based on ridge waveguide | |
| CN212062682U (en) | Microstrip antenna | |
| US6781554B2 (en) | Compact wide scan periodically loaded edge slot waveguide array | |
| Hernandez et al. | High-directivity beam-steerable lens antenna for simultaneous transmit and receive | |
| EP4220864A1 (en) | Multi-frequency band common-aperture antenna and communication device | |
| CN112397882B (en) | Wide-beam high-gain ranging antenna for high-orbit satellite | |
| YE et al. | Multibeam antenna based on butler matrix for 3G/LTE/5G/B5G base station applications | |
| Samaiyar et al. | Phased array antenna for bi-static simultaneous transmit and receive (STAR) systems |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| RJ01 | Rejection of invention patent application after publication | ||
| RJ01 | Rejection of invention patent application after publication |
Application publication date: 20210921 |