CN106229637A - Panel antenna array and the plate aerial of band polarization modulation - Google Patents
Panel antenna array and the plate aerial of band polarization modulation Download PDFInfo
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- CN106229637A CN106229637A CN201610666297.4A CN201610666297A CN106229637A CN 106229637 A CN106229637 A CN 106229637A CN 201610666297 A CN201610666297 A CN 201610666297A CN 106229637 A CN106229637 A CN 106229637A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q23/00—Antennas with active circuits or circuit elements integrated within them or attached to them
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q15/00—Devices for reflection, refraction, diffraction or polarisation of waves radiated from an antenna, e.g. quasi-optical devices
- H01Q15/24—Polarising devices; Polarisation filters
- H01Q15/242—Polarisation converters
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
- H01Q21/06—Arrays of individually energised antenna units similarly polarised and spaced apart
- H01Q21/061—Two dimensional planar arrays
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- Variable-Direction Aerials And Aerial Arrays (AREA)
- Waveguide Switches, Polarizers, And Phase Shifters (AREA)
- Waveguide Aerials (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention proposes a kind of panel antenna array, and including multiple open ended waveguide unit and waveguide signal transmission channel, signal transmission passage has multistage one-to-two power distributing network, and uses multiple gradual ledge structure and the catoptric arrangement of gradual step composition；Open ended waveguide unit waveguide openings, the first Polarization selection chamber and the second Polarization selection chamber, the first polarization connector and the second polarization connector, in conjunction with multiple ledge structures and interference protrusion structure, thus effectively realize impedance transformation and impedance matching, widen band bandwidth, and lower to requirement on machining accuracy, manufacturing cost is lower；In addition, the invention allows for a kind of plate aerial with polarization modulation on this basis, including panel antenna array and the polarization adjustment device with aforementioned structure, polarization adjustment device includes polarization combiner that common port is joined directly together and takes polarizer, take polarizer to rotate along axis, realize dual polarization transmit-receive sharing by minimal amount of microwave passive component.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to microwave antenna art field, be specifically related to the open ended waveguide of a kind of improvement and have the antenna of this structure
Submatrix, panel antenna array and the plate aerial with polarization modulation.
Background technology
Satellite communication has long transmission distance, wide coverage, is disturbed the advantages such as little, along with the high speed of global IT application
Development, increasing information is transmitted by satellite, on mobile vehicle whenever and wherever possible and satellite communication, it has also become the army and the people
Dual-purpose emergency communication, the urgent needs of real-time Communication for Power.Vehicle-mounted (boat-carrying or airborne) satellite mobile communication system is also commonly known as " dynamic
In logical ", one of core technology of communication in moving is exactly antenna technology, and the antenna form of communication in moving includes reflector antenna, flat board sky
Line, lens antenna and phased array antenna etc..Communication quality to be ensured on high-speed mobile carrier, not only requires that antenna has the highest
Gain, require that system has high to star speed with to star precision simultaneously.The major defect of reflector antenna is volume and weight
Amount is relatively big, and under high-speed moving state, windage is very big, slow to star speed；The shortcoming of phased array antenna is that transmitting-receiving is difficult to share, electricity is swept
Gain loss, manufacture and maintenance cost are retouched high；Comparatively speaking, plate aerial possesses that section is low, aperture efficiency is high, to star speed
Fast advantage, is particularly suitable in communication in moving using.
Plate aerial can be by the theory of two orthogonal line polarization wave synthesis according to any polarized wave, by just controlling two
The amplitude of intersection polarized wave and phase place, it is possible to obtain the arbitrarily composite wave of polarization, the most traditional mechanical rotating feed waveguide side
Formula is no longer desirable for plate aerial, and how realizing automatic Polarization and adjusting is one of the core technology of such antenna.Generally TV is straight
Broadcast satellite and communication broadcast satellite is all operated in dual-linear polarization or double-circle polarization state, and the big multiplexing of current flat plate array antenna
Make, at single line polarization or single circular polarization state, to generally require the whole aerial panel of rotation for realizing the reception of double polarization, or with two
Two-way polarized signal received and dispatched respectively by individual antenna, both approaches or structure is complicated, it is the most compatible to realize dual polarization, or
Antenna manufacturing cost aperture efficiency high, equivalent is low.
Summary of the invention
The present invention proposes a kind of novel panel antenna array and the plate aerial with polarization modulation, is provided that broader
Bandwidth and realize higher antenna gain, and polarization of ele direction can be realized automatically adjust.
The panel antenna array that the present invention provides, including multiple open ended waveguide unit and waveguide signal transmission channel；Opening
Wave guide unit includes waveguide openings, the first Polarization selection chamber and the second Polarization selection chamber, the first polarization connector and the second polarization
Connector, waveguide openings, the first Polarization selection chamber and the second Polarization selection chamber be sequentially connected with from top to bottom, and internal diameter is gradually reduced；
Waveguide openings is used for receiving and launching polarized signal, and the first Polarization selection chamber and the second polarization feed for Polarization selection, and first
Polarization connector is positioned on a sidewall in the first Polarization selection chamber and is connected with waveguide signal transmission channel, the second polarization connector
It is positioned on a sidewall in the second Polarization selection chamber and is connected with waveguide signal transmission channel；Waveguide signal transmission channel includes respectively
The first signal transmission passage being connected with the first polarization connector and the second polarization connector and secondary signal transmission channel, and
It is positioned at the first signal transmission main channel and secondary signal transmission main channel end the first polarized signal being connected with back-end circuit
Total feed port and the total feed port of the second polarized signal；Each signal transmission passage includes multistage one-to-two power distributing network,
The left and right branch road at one-to-two power distributing network Where Three Faults Meet position includes the gradual step of at least one pair of symmetry.
One-to-two power distributing network in signal transmission passage in " T " font, I-shaped or " Y " character form structure.
Wherein, the top, mid-portion of the one-to-two power distributing network in " T " character form structure smooths and without projection, and at left and right branch road
On include the gradual step of at least one pair of symmetry.
Further, in signal transmission passage, the position, right angle of major trunk roads uses and is formed by least one gradual step
Catoptric arrangement.
Further, the shape of cross section of the second Polarization selection intracavity cavity wall is chamfering rectangle.
Further, waveguide openings, the first Polarization selection chamber and the internal chamber wall circular in cross-section in the second Polarization selection chamber,
Axial symmetry polygon or shape with chamfering corresponding with axial symmetry polygon, and the shape of each cross section do not requires unanimously.
Further, the internal diameter in waveguide openings, the first Polarization selection chamber and the second Polarization selection chamber is gradually reduced and is opening
Respectively formed between opening surface and the first polarization connector of mouth waveguide and between the first polarization connector and the second polarization connector
One layer of ledge structure.
Further, an at least part in waveguide openings, the first Polarization selection chamber and the second Polarization selection chamber
Internal chamber wall internal diameter at least two kinds and be gradually reduced from top to bottom, forms at least one of which for smooth coupling open ended waveguide with outside
The ledge structure of impedance between air.The shape of cross section of the up and down internal chamber wall adjacent with described ledge structure for boundary is rounded, axle
Symmetric polygonal or shape with chamfering corresponding with axial symmetry polygon, and the shape of each cross section do not requires unanimously.
Further, the first Polarization selection chamber and the second Polarization selection chamber are respectively horizontal polarization and select chamber and vertical polarization
Select chamber, or respectively vertical polarization selects chamber and horizontal polarization to select chamber.In the level pole corresponding with horizontal polarization connector
Change and select to be used for opening up wide band interference protrusion at least provided with one in intracavity cavity wall.
Further, interference protrusion can be limit ridge structure or banded structure etc..Wherein, the cross section of limit ridge structure is preferred
For trapezoidal, triangle, semicircle, arc or the above shape with chamfering.
Present invention also offers a kind of plate aerial with polarization modulation, including such as having the flat of any of the above-described kind of feature
Plate aerial array and the polarization adjustment device between panel antenna array and rear end radio circuit；Polarization adjustment device includes
Polarization combiner and take polarizer, polarization combiner and take polarizer and be respectively equipped with a common port and two-way polarization connector,
Polarization combiner and take polarizer and be joined directly together by common port, taking polarizer can rotate along axis；The two-way of polarization combiner
Polarization connector respectively with the first total feed port of polarized signal and the total feed port of the second polarized signal of panel antenna array
Connecting, the two-way polarization connector at least road taking polarizer is connected with rear end radio circuit.
Further, polarization adjustment device also includes the waveguide between polarization combiner and the common port taking polarizer
Pipe, the generally circular in shape or centrosymmetry polygon of waveguide；Waveguide is connected with taking polarizer.
Further, also include the tumbler being connected with waveguide with the plate aerial of polarization modulation, be used for driving
Waveguide rotates with taking polarizer.
Further, polarization combiner uses orthogonal modes bonder to realize, the polarization components phase of two-way polarization port transmission
The most orthogonal, carry out polarity combination when Antenna Operation is in the state of reception, carry out polarization decomposing when Antenna Operation is in emission state；
The described polarizer that takes uses orthogonal modes bonder to realize, and when plate aerial works in single polarization pattern, takes appointing of polarizer
One tunnel polarization connector is connected with rear end radio circuit, when plate aerial works in dual polarization pattern, takes the two-way of polarizer
Polarization connector is all connected with rear end radio circuit.
Beneficial effect:
Compared with prior art, to possess major advantage as follows for the present invention:
1) present invention uses multiple gradual ledge structure, especially in the transmission channel in aerial array and plate aerial
The one-to-two power distributing network top, mid-portion of T-shaped character form structure smooths and without projection, and left and right branch road includes at least one
To symmetrical longer gradual step, this compared to existing technology in use the one-to-two power distributing network of sharp protrusion part,
The impedance transformation of efficiency and impedance matching, and there is broader cavity wall, more unobstructed transmission channel and simpler processing technique.
2) present invention is designed to the catoptric arrangement formed by ledge structure at the position, right angle, main channel of transmission channel, compares
45 degree of reflecting surface structures in prior art, make transmission channel have broader cavity wall and more unobstructed transmission channel.
3) in middle plateform aerial array of the present invention and plate aerial, the internal diameter of internal chamber wall is gradually reduced, effectively smooth resistance
Anti-；In conjunction with multiple ledge structures, the most effectively realize impedance transformation and impedance matching.
4) the interference protrusion structure used in antenna aperture waveguide in the present invention, and second select chamber with chamfer shape
Rectangular cross section all can effectively widen band bandwidth, and processing technology is the most relatively simple.
5) polarization modulation of middle plateform antenna of the present invention only needs minimal amount of microwave passive component just can realize dual polarization
Transmitting-receiving, compares traditional mechanical polarization adjustment means and is more automatically performed, and simple in construction easily operates；Compare traditional circuit pole
Change adjustment means are compared and can be realized transmit-receive sharing simultaneously.
6) plate aerial with polarization modulation is used in the present invention can to avoid rotable antenna panel or add in panel
Dress polarization grid, polarization modulation method controls simple, reliable, it is only necessary to rotary motion device can realize polarization modulation, is manufactured into
This is the lowest, and is prone to mass.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is with the theory diagram of the plate aerial of polarization modulation
Fig. 2 open ended waveguide axonometric chart
Fig. 3 open ended waveguide section of structure
The side view of Fig. 4 panel antenna array
The side view of Fig. 5 panel antenna array ground floor
The top view of Fig. 6 panel antenna array second layer
The rear side view of Fig. 7 panel antenna array second layer
The rearview of Fig. 8 panel antenna array second layer
The top view of Fig. 9 panel antenna array third layer
The side view of Figure 10 panel antenna array third layer
The rearview of Figure 11 panel antenna array third layer
The top view that Figure 12 panel antenna array is the 4th layer
The rear side view that Figure 13 panel antenna array is the 4th layer
The backsight that Figure 14 panel antenna array is the 4th layer
The top view of Figure 15 panel antenna array layer 5
The side view of Figure 16 panel antenna array layer 5
Figure 17 is with the flat plate antenna structure schematic diagram of polarization modulation
Figure 18 panel antenna array structure schematic diagram (in figure, arrow represents direction of an electric field)
Figure 19 polarity combination OMT and take polarization OMT structural representation (in figure, arrow represents direction of an electric field)
Typical case's frequency directional diagram in Figure 20 embodiment of the present invention
Main polarization and cross polarization contrast situation in whole frequency range in Figure 21 embodiment of the present invention
Detailed description of the invention
In conjunction with Figure of description 1-21, the instantiation of the present invention is illustrated in detail.
Fig. 1 is the theory diagram of a kind of preferred embodiment of the present invention.There is provided a kind of plate aerial with polarization modulation, bag
Include dual-polarized antenna array 1, signal transmission passage 2, polarization combiner 3, waveguide 4, take polarizer 5.Dual-polarized antenna array 1
Being made up of at least 1 dual polarized antenna unit, particular number depends on the index request of different system, dual-polarized antenna array 1
The transmitting-receiving of quadrature linear polarization can be realized, be respectively defined as vertical polarization and horizontal polarization.
In conjunction with such as Fig. 2 to Figure 16, the open ended waveguide 11 of the present embodiment uses waveguiding structure, substantially can be seen as orthogonal
Mode coupler (Ortho-Mode Transducer, OMT), radiation port is the waveguide openings of orthogonal modes bonder, Ke Yichuan
Defeated two-way quadrature linear polarization signal；The bore preferred sub-wavelength bore of waveguide openings.Wherein, open ended waveguide 11 specifically includes waveguide
Polarize connector 2102 and second company of polarization for opening the 111, first Polarization selection chamber 2101 and the second Polarization selection chamber 2201, first
Interface 2202；Waveguide openings 111 is used for receiving and launching polarized signal, and the first Polarization selection chamber 2101 and the second polarization are for pole
Changing and select feed, the first polarization connector 2102 is positioned on a sidewall in the first Polarization selection chamber 2101, connects the first polarization choosing
Selecting chamber 2101 and signal transmission passage, the second polarization connector 2202 is positioned on a sidewall in the second Polarization selection chamber 2201, even
Connect the second Polarization selection chamber 2201 and signal transmission passage；Waveguide openings the 111, first Polarization selection chamber 2101 and the second polarization choosing
Selecting chamber 2201 to be sequentially connected with from top to bottom, internal chamber wall internal diameter as each in the present embodiment is gradually reduced, employing metallic vertical wall, certainly,
Waveguide openings and each Polarization selection chamber may be used without conventional horn shape structure；In waveguide openings 111 and the first Polarization selection chamber
There is one layer of ledge structure between 2101, between the first Polarization selection chamber 2101 and the second Polarization selection chamber 2201, have one layer of step
Structure 2140, in the present embodiment, the shape of ledge structure is consistent, for the pros with chamfering with waveguide openings 111 shape approximation
Shape, the shape of ledge structure 2140 is the rectangle with chamfering.Certainly, according to demand, waveguide openings, the first Polarization selection chamber and
The shape of the cross section in the second Polarization selection chamber itself can be inconsistent, can be circular, axial symmetry polygon or and axial symmetry
The corresponding shape etc. with chamfering of polygon.
Internal chamber wall internal diameter in the first Polarization selection chamber and/or the second Polarization selection chamber at least can have two kinds, and from upper
Down it is gradually reduced, thus forms at least one of which for the ledge structure of impedance between smooth coupling open ended waveguide and extraneous air,
I.e. select self just to form multiple ledge structure in chamber at one, optimize impedance matching, the antenna plate that also can make further
Thinner.Corresponding, the shape of the internal chamber wall cross section in the first Polarization selection chamber and/or the second Polarization selection chamber is a kind of,
Can be circular, axial symmetry polygon or shape etc. with chamfering corresponding with axial symmetry polygon.
Preferably, in the present embodiment, the first Polarization selection chamber 2101 selects chamber 2101, the second Polarization selection for horizontal polarization
Chamber 2202 selects chamber 2202 for vertical polarization；Wherein, the cross section of waveguide openings 111 and level with chamfering just uses
Square, vertical polarization selects the shape of cross section of intracavity cavity wall to use the more regular rectangle with chamfering, and this design has
There are simpler processing technique and lower production cost.
For widening frequency band further, select at least to set in intracavity cavity wall in the horizontal polarization corresponding with horizontal polarization connector
There is one for opening up wide band interference protrusion.This interference protrusion is it can also be designed limit ridge structure, and its cross section can be ladder
Shape, triangle, semicircle, arc etc., it is also possible to be designed to banded structure or other.As in figure 2 it is shown, the first pole in this enforcement
Changing and select to devise two interference protrusion in chamber 2101, cross section is trapezoidal limit ridge bulge-structure 2110 and raised strip knot
Structure 2150.
If Fig. 4 to Figure 19 is an instantiation of middle plateform aerial array of the present invention, panel antenna array is by five layers of structure
Become, totally 64 open waveguide antenna unit.Fig. 4 is the ground floor 1 of this panel, and Fig. 6 is the top view of the second layer 21 of this panel,
Fig. 7 is the rear side view of the second layer 21, and Fig. 8 is the rearview of the second layer 21.Fig. 9 to Figure 11 is the vertical view of third layer respectively
Figure, side view and rearview；The back side of ground floor 1 is combined with the upper planar junction of the second layer, constitutes whole aerial panel
Part I；The second layer back side forms horizontal polarization together with the upper planar pressing of third layer and selects cavity and horizontal polarization letter
Number transmission channel.
Ground floor side view, open ended waveguide 11 is symmetrical square, therefore, it is possible to receive or launch Dual-polarized electricity magnetic wave.
Ground floor opening distance below is provided with the square ledge structure 131 with chamfering, it need to be noted that be this
Stage structure can also is that other shapes such as circle, octagon.
Below horizontal polarization signals transmitting procedure in the waveguide network that second and third lamination closes is illustrated with regard to Fig. 8.First
First from the beginning of the antenna submatrix of first, the aerial array upper left corner, this first, antenna submatrix upper left corner open waveguide antenna unit exists
After receiving Dual-polarized electricity magnetic signal, lead to entering horizontal polarization signals in Polarization selection chamber 2101 after horizontal polarization selects
Road junction 2102, then enters first order one-to-two wave guide power subnetwork 2105 by waveguide 2103, lower section adjacent antenna units
Horizontal polarization signals, and is carried out with signal before also into first order one-to-two wave guide power subnetwork 2105 by waveguide 2104
Superposition mixes；Horizontal polarization signals after superposition enters the second level one-to-two wave guide power subnetwork of I-shaped along waveguide
2106；In like manner, the horizontal polarization signals filtered out also is imported this I-shaped by two antenna elements on the right side of this antenna submatrix
Power division network 2106, and with left channel 2105 enter horizontal polarization signals carry out mixing superpose；Horizontal polarization after superposition
Signal enters " T " font third level one-to-two wave guide power subnetwork 2109 along waveguide 2107；In like manner, on the downside of this antenna submatrix
The horizontal polarization signals filtered out also is imported this " T " font power division network 2109 by waveguide 2108 by four element antenna submatrixs,
And with upper channel 2107 enter horizontal polarization signals carry out mixing superpose；Horizontal polarization signals after superposition is along waveguide
2110 enter " T " font fourth stage one-to-two wave guide power subnetwork 2111；In like manner, two antenna submatrixs on the right side of this antenna submatrix
Also the horizontal polarization signals filtered out is imported this " T " font power division network 2111, and and left channel by waveguide 2112
2110 horizontal polarization signals entered carry out mixing superposition；Horizontal polarization signals after superposition enters " T " word along waveguide 2113
Shape level V one-to-two wave guide power subnetwork 2115；In like manner, sky, four, the downside of line centered by waveguide channels 2116 axis
The horizontal polarization signals filtered out also is imported this " T " font power division network 2115 by waveguide 2114 by line submatrix, and with upside
The horizontal polarization signals that passage 2113 enters carries out mixing superposition；Horizontal polarization signals after superposition is advanced along waveguide 2116,
The 6th grade of one-to-two wave guide power subnetwork 2120 of " T " font is being imported after quarter bend 2117 and waveguide 2118；In like manner, with ripple
Centered by pathway 2121 axis, the horizontal polarization signals filtered out also is passed through waveguide by eight, the downside of line antenna submatrix
" T " font power division network 2120 is somebody's turn to do in 2119 remittance, and the horizontal polarization signals entered with upper channel 2118 carries out mixing and superposes；
Horizontal polarization signals after superposition enters the total feed port of horizontal polarization 2130 along waveguide 2121.
Figure 12 to Figure 14 is top view, rear side view and the rearview of aerial panel the 4th layer 22 respectively.Figure 15 is to figure
16 is top view and the side view of layer 5 respectively.The back side of the 4th layer 22, together with the upper planar pressing of layer 5, is formed
Vertical polarization selects cavity and vertical polarization signal transmission passage.
Below vertical polarization signal transmitting procedure in the waveguide network that fourth, fifth lamination closes is illustrated with regard to Figure 14.
First from the beginning of the antenna submatrix of first, the aerial panel upper left corner, this first, antenna submatrix upper left corner open waveguide antenna unit
After receiving Dual-polarized electricity magnetic signal, in Polarization selection chamber 2201 through vertical polarization select after enter vertical polarization signal
Passway 2202, then enters " T " font first order one-to-two wave guide power subnetwork 2205 by waveguide 2203；In like manner, right side
The vertical polarization signal of adjacent antenna units also imports this " T " font power division network 2205 by waveguide 2204, and with before
Signal is overlapped mixing；Vertical polarization signal after superposition enters the second level one-to-two wave guide power of " Y " font along waveguide
Subnetwork 2206；In like manner, the vertical polarization signal filtered out also is imported and is somebody's turn to do " Y " by two antenna elements on the downside of this antenna submatrix
Font power division network 2206, and with upper channel 2205 enter vertical polarization signal carry out mixing superpose；Vertical after superposition
Polarized signal enters " T " font third level one-to-two wave guide power subnetwork 2209 along waveguide 2207；In like manner, this antenna submatrix is right
The vertical polarization signal filtered out also is imported this " T " font power division network by waveguide 2208 by four element antenna submatrixs of side
2209, and with left channel 2207 enter vertical polarization signal carry out mixing superpose；Vertical polarization signal after superposition along
Waveguide 2210 enters " T " font fourth stage one-to-two wave guide power subnetwork 2212；In like manner, two antennas on the downside of this antenna submatrix
The vertical polarization signal filtered out also is imported this " T " font power division network 2212 by waveguide 2211 by submatrix, and leads to upside
The vertical polarization signal that road 2210 enters carries out mixing superposition；Vertical polarization signal after superposition is advanced along waveguide 2213,
" T " font level V one-to-two wave guide power subnetwork 2117 is entered after quarter bend 2214 and waveguide 2215；In like manner, with waveguide
Centered by passage 2218 axis, the vertical polarization signal filtered out also is passed through waveguide 2216 by four, the downside of line antenna submatrix
Import and be somebody's turn to do " T " font power division network 2217, and the vertical polarization signal entered with upper channel 2215 carries out mixing and superposes；Superposition
After vertical polarization signal advance along waveguide 2218, after quarter bend 2219 and waveguide 2220 import " T " font the 6th
Level one-to-two wave guide power subnetwork 2222；In like manner, eight, the downside of line antenna submatrix centered by waveguide channels 2223 axis
Also the vertical polarization signal filtered out is imported this " T " font power division network 2222, and and upper channel by waveguide 2221
The 2220 vertical polarization signals entered carry out mixing superposition；Vertical polarization signal after superposition enters vertical pole along waveguide 2223
Change total feed port 2230.
In the present invention, horizontal polarization signals and vertical polarization signal wave-guides power division network mainly " T " font one-to-two merit are divided
Network, in trunk passage the top of " T " font waveguide do not contain bossing, by two relatively bucket steps realize waveguide impedance conversion and
6th grade of one-to-two wave guide power subnetwork 2120 and vertical polarization signalling channel in impedance matching, such as horizontal polarization signals passage
In the 6th grade of one-to-two wave guide power subnetwork 2222 and level V one-to-two wave guide power subnetwork 2217.The most convex compared to having
Playing the one-to-two wave guide power subnetwork of part, the wave guide power subnetwork in the present invention has broader cavity wall, more unobstructed transmission
Passage and simpler processing technique.
In the present invention, vertical polarization signal transmission main channel have employed at quarter bend 2219 and mirror position thereof and has two
The reflecting surface of individual step, compared with 45 ° of reflectings surface of conventional orthogonal crook employing, the reflector design method that the present invention announces has
Broader bandwidth and more unobstructed transmission channel.This reflecting surface can use at least one ledge structure, preferably two steps or
More steps.
Below in conjunction with Fig. 1, Figure 17, Figure 18 and Figure 19 and instantiation polarization modulation method disclosed in this invention made into
One step describes in detail.
In Figure 17, signal transmission passage 2 includes the horizontal polarization signals transmission channel 21 being positioned at upper strata and is positioned at hanging down of lower floor
Straight polarized signal transmission channel 22, the horizontal polarization feed mouth 2102 of the most all dual polarized antenna units 11 is believed with horizontal polarization
Number transmission channel 21 connects, and vertical polarization feed mouth 2202 and vertical polarization signal transmission passage 22 connect.Dual polarized antenna list
In the waveguide openings 111 of unit 11, horizontal linear polarization signal and the vertical polarization signal of transmission feed mouth 2102 through horizontal polarization respectively
Horizontal polarization signals transmission channel 21 and vertical polarization signal transmission passage 22 is delivered to vertical polarization feed mouth 2202.Need
Bright, the present invention is divided into the signal transmission passage 2 of two-layer, it can be made different designs, i.e. upper layer network as required and set
Be calculated as vertical polarization signal transmission passage 22, lower floor's network is designed as horizontal polarization signals transmission channel 21, and if dual polarization
The levels polarization mode correspondence of antenna element 11.
The back side of antenna array is provided with the total feed port of horizontal polarization signals 2130 and the total feed port of vertical polarization signal
2230, horizontal polarization signals finally converges at the total feed port of horizontal polarization signals through horizontal polarization signals transmission channel 21
2130, vertical polarization signal is vertically polarized signal transmission passage 22 and finally converges the total feed port of vertical polarization signal 2230.
The total feed port of horizontal polarization signals 2130 is connected with the first via polarization connector 31 of polarization combiner 3, vertical polarization signal
Total feed port 2230 is connected with the second tunnel polarization connector 32 of polarization combiner 3；Polarization combiner 3 uses orthogonal modes coupling
Clutch realizes, and the polarization components of two-way polarization connector transmission is mutually orthogonal, and polarization combiner 3 is fixed on the back of the body of antenna array
Face, polarization combiner 3 is provided with common port 33.Take polarizer 5 and be fixed on the back side of antenna array, take polarizer 5 and be provided with the first via
Polarization connector the 51, second tunnel polarization connector 52 and common port 53.Take common port 53 and the polarization combiner 3 of polarizer 5
Waveguide 4 is connected between common port 33.Common port 53 periphery taking polarizer 5 uses bearing socket rotary apparatus 6, rotary apparatus
6 can drive the axis rotation taking polarizer 5 along waveguide 4, and rotary apparatus 6 uses driving means common in the art, logical
Often realized by Timing Belt, gear, worm and gear or other actuating device by driven by motor, do not launch at this to repeat.
Taking polarizer 5 uses orthogonal modes bonder to realize, and takes first via polarization connector 51 and second tunnel of polarizer 5
Polarization connector 52 is connected with rear end radio circuit.It should be noted that when single polarization pattern the first via polarization connector
51 or second tunnel polarization connector 52 in only need any one road polarization connector be connected with rear end radio circuit；In dual polarization
During pattern, then two-way polarization connector is all connected with rear end radio circuit.
In figure, double-head arrow represents direction of an electric field.In the present invention, on plate aerial polarization combiner 3 in receive state
One tunnel polarization connector 31 and the second tunnel polarization connector 32, as signal input, take the first via polarization on polarizer 5 even
Interface 51 and the second tunnel polarization connector 52 are as signal output；In transmit state, the most on the contrary, on polarization combiner 3
First via polarization connector 31 and the second tunnel polarization connector 32, as signal output, take the first via polarization on polarizer 5
Connector 51 and the second tunnel polarization connector 52 are as signal input.
During reception, horizontal polarization signals and vertical polarization signal feed mouth through the horizontal polarization of dual polarized antenna unit 11
2102 and vertical polarization feed mouth 2202 deliver to horizontal polarization signals transmission channel 21 and vertical polarization signal transmission passage respectively
22, horizontal linear polarization signal finally converges at the total feed port of horizontal polarization signals through horizontal polarization signals transmission channel 21
2130, enter the first via polarization connector 31 of polarization combiner 3, vertical polarization signal is vertically polarized signal transmission passage 22
Finally converge at the total feed port of vertical polarization signal 2230, enter the second tunnel polarization connector 32 of polarization combiner 3, then
Recombine in the common port 33 at polarization combiner.If needing transmission line polarized signal, need appropriate design horizontal polarization
Signal transmission passage 21 and vertical polarization signal transmission passage 22, make two-way polarized signal open from the waveguide of dual polarized antenna unit
Mouth 111 transmission is consistent with phase shift to the Insertion Loss of the common port 33 of polarization combiner, then free space signal is at polarization combiner
Common port 33 is restored；If needing to transmit circularly polarized signal, needing appropriate design two paths of signals transmission channel 21 and 22, making two-way
Signal transmits the Insertion Loss unanimously phase contrast to polarization combiner common port 33 from dual polarized antenna unit waveguide openings 111
90 °, then circularly polarized signal contains the linear polarization signal of former circular polarisation information in polarization combiner common port 33 synthesis.
The signal of synthesis is sent to take the common port 53 of polarizer 5 through waveguide 4, by the control of rotary apparatus 6, (makes
Take polarizer identical with the electric polarization direction of polarization combiner, receive signal the strongest) polarizer 5 axis along waveguide 4 will be taken
Rotating, when single polarization mode of operation, the signal of synthesis can detect at the polarization connector 51 or 52 taking polarizer 5, and output is arrived
Rear end radio circuit；When dual polarization mode of operation, the two-way orthogonally polarized signal of synthesis can take the first of polarizer respectively
Road polarization connector 51 and the second tunnel polarization connector 52 detect respectively, output to rear end radio circuit.During transmitting, process phase
Instead.
In another embodiment, polarization combiner 3 and take polarizer 5 and can be directly connected to, the signal of synthesis is directly through polarization
The common port 33 of synthesizer 3 delivers to take the common port 53 of polarizer 5, it is achieved corresponding function, it is not necessary to arrange waveguide 4.
In the above-described embodiments, polarization adjustment device is optional by the tumbler automatically or directly hands of Serve Motor Control
Dynamic adjustment, drives and takes polarizer rotation so that take the electromagnetic wave energy can propagated in polarizer maximum.
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, the work process of the present invention is described in detail.
Embodiment 1 single line polarized signal receives
Arrival bearing is single line polarization E, and polarised direction is any, and this line polarization wave can be by dual-polarization radiating unit two-way pole
Changing Directional Decomposition is two-way isopen polarization components, respectively horizontal polarized components EhWith perpendicular polarisation components Ev, dual polarized antenna
The horizontal polarized components E that unit 11 receiveshHorizontal polarization signals is delivered to through being positioned at horizontal polarization feed mouth 2102 below unit
Transmission channel 21, is finally aggregated into the total feed port of horizontal polarization signals 2130 and is sent to polarization combiner 3, same dual polarization
The perpendicular polarisation components E that antenna element 11 receivesvVertical polarization feed mouth 2202 under unit delivers to vertical polarization signal
Transmission channel 22, is finally aggregated into the total feed port of vertical polarization signal 2230 and is sent to polarization combiner 3.
By appropriate design signal transmission passage so that from dual polarized antenna unit waveguide openings 111 to polarization combiner
The Insertion Loss of the two-way polarization components of common port 33 is consistent with phase place, so in the common port 33 of polarization combiner, and two-way polarization point
Amount recombines, and free space signal is restored.Signal after recovery delivers to take the common port of polarizer 5 through waveguide 4, logical
Cross tumbler 6 to rotate, the signal detection after restoring, be sent to through taking arbitrary road polarization connector 51 or 52 of polarizer 5
Rear end radio circuit, completes the reception of signal.
Embodiment 2 single line polarized signal is launched
Contrary with single line polarization reception process, what hereafter end-fire frequency circuit provided launches signal through taking a certain of polarizer 5
Road polarization connector 51 or 52 delivers to its common port 53, delivers to the common port of polarization combiner 3 through waveguide 4, and now polarize conjunction
Growing up to be a useful person 3 effects playing polarization decomposing, launching signal decomposition is that the orthogonal linear polarization signal of two-way is respectively through polarization combiner 3
Two-way polarization connector 32 and 33 enters the total feed port of horizontal polarization signals 2130 and the total feed port of vertical polarization signal
2230, deliver to dual polarized antenna unit 11 through the distribution of polarized signal transmission channel, and in each dual polarized antenna unit waveguide openings
Recombine at 111, thus complete the transmitting of signal.
The single circularly polarized signal of embodiment 3 receives
Arrival bearing is single circularly polarised wave E, and polarization rotation direction is any, and similar with single line polarization reception, this circularly polarised wave is permissible
It is decomposed into horizontal polarized components EhWith perpendicular polarisation components Ev, EhAnd EvTwo-way polarization components amplitude is equal, phase 90 °, institute
There is the horizontal polarized components E that dual polarized antenna unit 11 receiveshLevel pole is converged to through horizontal polarization signals transmission channel 21
Change the total feed port of signal 2130, perpendicular polarisation components E simultaneouslyvAlso converge in the total feed port of vertical polarization signal 2230.
The total feed port of horizontal polarization signals 2130 and the total mouth of vertical polarization signal transmission passage 2230 close with polarization respectively
The first via polarization connector 31 grown up to be a useful person is connected with the second tunnel polarization connector 32, by appropriate design signal transmission passage, makes
Obtain, phase 90 ° consistent to the Insertion Loss of the public actinal surface of polarization combiner from the public actinal surface of dual polarized antenna unit 11 (to be used for mending
Repay the two-way component difference that unit actinal surface decomposes), so in the common port 33 two-way polarization in-phase stacking of polarization combiner, synthesis
For linear polarization signal, deliver to take the common port 53 of polarizer 5 through waveguide 4, rotated by tumbler 6, by the letter after synthesis
Number detection, through take polarizer 5 a certain road polarize connector 51 or 52 deliver to rear end radio circuit, complete the reception of signal.
The single circularly polarized signal of embodiment 4 is launched
Due to the reciprocity of dual-mode antenna, it is its inverse process received that single circular polarisation is launched, and repeats no more here.Need to refer to
Going out, during emission state, polarization combiner 3 plays a part polarization decomposing, and dual polarized antenna unit 11 plays polarization and closes
The effect become.
Embodiment 5 dual-linear polarization receives
Assuming that incoming wave is two-way quadrature linear polarization signal E1And E2, similar with single line polarization reception, E1E can be decomposed into1vWith
E1hTwo-way component, E2E can be decomposed into2vAnd E2hComponent, wherein E1hAnd E2hComponent finally converges to horizontal polarization signals and always feeds
Port 2130, E1vAnd E2vComponent finally converges to the total feed port of vertical polarization signal 2230.
The total feed port of horizontal polarization signals 2130 and the total feed port of vertical polarization signal 2230 are respectively and polarity combination
The first via polarization connector 31 of device is connected, by appropriate design signal transmission passage with the second tunnel polarization connector 32 so that
Consistent with phase place, so in the common port of polarization combiner to the Insertion Loss of the public actinal surface of polarization combiner from unit radiation actinal surface
33, E1vAnd E1hRecombine and obtain E1, E2vAnd E2hRecombine and obtain E2, E in waveguide 41And E2Component keeps orthogonal.Logical
Cross tumbler 6 rotation and take polarizer 5, by E1Detection delivers to take a certain road polarization connector 51 or 52 of polarizer 5, polarizer
Another road polarization E of 52It is detected simultaneously, is sent to take another road polarization connector 52 or 51 of polarizer, after then passing to
End-fire frequency circuit, so completes the reception of dual-linear polarization signal.
Embodiment 6 dual-linear polarization signal is launched
Due to the reciprocity of dual-mode antenna, it is its inverse process received that dual-linear polarization is launched, and repeats no more here.
Embodiment 7 double-circle polarization signal receives
Assuming that incoming wave is circularly polarized signal E that two-way is oppositely orientedRAnd EL, receive similar with single circular polarisation, ERCan decompose
For ERvAnd ERhTwo-way component, ERvAnd ERhAmplitude equal phase 90 ° (or-90 °) of difference, ELE can be decomposed intoLvAnd ELhComponent,
ELvAnd ElhAmplitude equal phase-90 ° (or 90 °) of difference.Wherein ERhAnd ELhComponent finally converges to horizontal polarization signals and always feeds
Port 2130, ERvAnd ELvComponent finally converges to the total feed port of vertical polarization signal 2230.
By appropriate design signal transmission passage so that from the Insertion Loss of unit radiation actinal surface to the public actinal surface of polarization combiner
Unanimously, phase 90 ° (for compensating unit actinal surface decompose two-way component difference), so in the common port of polarization combiner
33, ERvAnd ERhAmplitude is equal, phase compensation consistent, synthesize linear polarization E1；And ELvAnd ELhAmplitude is equal, phase place is mended
Repay consistent, synthesize linear polarization E2, and E1And E2Orthogonal.E1And E2Deliver to take the common port 53 of polarizer through waveguide 4, so far
Receive the same with dual-linear polarization signal, rotated by tumbler 6, composite signal E1And E2Detected respectively, through taking polarization simultaneously
The first via polarization connector 51 of device 5 and the second tunnel 52 are delivered to rear end radio circuit and are sent, and complete the reception of double-circle polarization signal.
Embodiment 8 double-circle polarization is launched
Due to the reciprocity of dual-mode antenna, it is its inverse process received that dual-linear polarization is launched, and repeats no more here.
Embodiment 9 single line polarization transmission duplex
The signal transmitting and receiving process of this embodiment is corresponding with embodiment 1,2 respectively, and concrete polarization modulation process repeats no more.
Difference is when antenna transmitting-receiving frequency range difference i.e. transmission duplex is frequency division mode, and the connector that polarizes on certain road taking polarizer connects
Duplexer, completes the transmitting-receiving of signal；When antenna transmission duplex is time division mode, polarizes on a certain road taking polarizer 5 and connect
Mouth 51 or 52 connecting valves, complete the transmitting-receiving of signal.
Embodiment 10 dual-linear polarization transmission duplex
The signal transmitting and receiving process of this embodiment is corresponding with embodiment 5,6 respectively, and concrete polarization modulation process repeats no more.
When antenna transmission duplex pattern is frequency division mode, on the two-way taking polarizer 5 polarizes connector 51 and 52, it is all connected with duplex
Device, it is achieved the transmit-receive sharing of signal；When antenna transmission duplex pattern is time division mode, taking the polarization connector of polarizer
51 and 52 are all connected with switch, realize transmission duplex by switch switching.
The single circular polarisation transmission duplex of embodiment 11
The signal transmitting and receiving process of this embodiment is corresponding with embodiment 3,4 respectively, and concrete polarization modulation process repeats no more.
The same with embodiment 9, only need to connect double on connector 51 or 52 is polarized on a certain road taking polarizer 5 according to antenna dual-mode
Multiplexer or switch.
Embodiment 12 double-circle polarization transmission duplex
The signal transmitting and receiving process of this embodiment is corresponding with embodiment 7,8 respectively, and concrete polarization modulation process repeats no more.
The same with embodiment 10, only need to connect respectively at certain road polarization connector 51 and 52 taking polarizer 5 according to antenna dual-mode
Duplexer or switch.
It is pointed out that in above example description when system transmitting-receiving linear polarization signal, modelled signal transmission channel
Allow two-way polarized signal reach the Insertion Loss of polarization combiner common port 33 and phase place is equal；When system transmitting-receiving circularly polarized signal, if
The Insertion Loss that meter signal transmission passage reaches polarization combiner common port 33 by two-way polarized signal is equal, phase 90 °, and this is
Ideal conditions, when signal transmission passage performance design is undesirable, the polarization that the common port at polarization combiner synthesizes is no longer
Ideal line polarizes but elliptic polarization, and the at this moment impact on back-end system is that cross polarization level has promoted, but is meeting
On the premise of different system index request, this automatic Polarization Adjusted Option is still suitable for.
As shown in figs 20 and 21, the plate aerial with polarization modulation of the present embodiment works in Ku wave band, its typical case's frequency
Main polarization and Cross polarization pattern at Dian as shown in figure 20, main polarization, the cross polarization frequency response curve in whole frequency range
As shown in figure 21, it is seen that within whole working frequency range, its cross polarization level can be controlled in 30dB, this is fully demonstrated
Oolemma has the validity and reliability of the plate aerial of polarization modulation.
Embodiment described above only have expressed the limited embodiment of the present invention, and its description can not be interpreted as the present invention
The restriction of the scope of the claims.It should be pointed out that, for the person of ordinary skill of the art, without departing from present inventive concept
Under premise, it is also possible to make some improvement, these all should fall into protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a panel antenna array, it is characterised in that: include multiple open ended waveguide unit and waveguide signal transmission channel；Opening
Wave guide unit includes waveguide openings, the first Polarization selection chamber and the second Polarization selection chamber, the first polarization connector and the second polarization
Connector, waveguide openings, the first Polarization selection chamber and the second Polarization selection chamber be sequentially connected with from top to bottom, and internal diameter is gradually reduced；
Waveguide openings is used for receiving and launching polarized signal, and the first Polarization selection chamber and the second polarization feed for Polarization selection, and first
Polarization connector is positioned on a sidewall in the first Polarization selection chamber and is connected with waveguide signal transmission channel, the second polarization connector
It is positioned on a sidewall in the second Polarization selection chamber and is connected with waveguide signal transmission channel；Waveguide signal transmission channel includes respectively
The first signal transmission passage being connected with the first polarization connector and the second polarization connector and secondary signal transmission channel, and
It is positioned at the first signal transmission main channel and secondary signal transmission main channel end the first polarized signal being connected with back-end circuit
Total feed port and the total feed port of the second polarized signal；Each signal transmission passage includes multistage one-to-two power distributing network,
The left and right branch road at one-to-two power distributing network Where Three Faults Meet position includes the gradual step of at least one pair of symmetry.
Panel antenna array the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the one-to-two merit in described signal transmission passage
Rate is distributed the network top, mid-portion in " T " font in the one-to-two power distributing network of " T " character form structure and is smoothed and without convex
Rise.
Panel antenna array the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: in described signal transmission passage, major trunk roads is straight
Angular position uses the catoptric arrangement formed by least one gradual step.
Panel antenna array the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the horizontal stroke of described second Polarization selection intracavity cavity wall
Cross sectional shape is chamfering rectangle.
Panel antenna array the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described waveguide openings, the first Polarization selection chamber
With the internal chamber wall circular in cross-section in the second Polarization selection chamber, axial symmetry polygon or corresponding with axial symmetry polygon with falling
The shape at angle, and the shape of each cross section do not requires unanimously.
Panel antenna array the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described waveguide openings, the first Polarization selection chamber
And second the internal diameter in Polarization selection chamber be gradually reduced and between the opening surface and the first polarization connector of open ended waveguide and first
One layer of ledge structure is at least formed between polarization connector and the second polarization connector.
Panel antenna array the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described first Polarization selection chamber and the second polarization
Selecting chamber to be respectively horizontal polarization selects chamber and vertical polarization to select chamber, or respectively vertical polarization selects chamber and horizontal polarization choosing
Select chamber.
Panel antenna array the most according to claim 7, it is characterised in that: in the level corresponding with horizontal polarization connector
It is used for opening up wide band interference protrusion at least provided with one in Polarization selection intracavity cavity wall.
9. the plate aerial with polarization modulation, it is characterised in that: include putting down as described in any one of claim 1 to 8
Plate aerial array and the polarization adjustment device between panel antenna array and rear end radio circuit；Described polarization adjustment device
Including polarization combiner with take polarizer, polarization combiner and take polarizer and be respectively equipped with a common port and two-way polarization connects
Mouthful, polarization combiner and take polarizer and be joined directly together by common port, taking polarizer can rotate along axis；Described polarization combiner
Two-way polarization connector the first total feed port of polarized signal and the second polarized signal with panel antenna array respectively always present
Electricity port connect, described in take polarizer two-way polarization a connector at least road be connected with rear end radio circuit.
Plate aerial with polarization modulation the most according to claim 9, it is characterised in that: described polarization adjustment device
Also include the waveguide between polarization combiner and the common port taking polarizer, the generally circular in shape or center pair of waveguide
Claim polygon；Waveguide is connected with taking polarizer.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201610666297.4A CN106229637A (en) | 2016-08-12 | 2016-08-12 | Panel antenna array and the plate aerial of band polarization modulation |
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| CN201610666297.4A CN106229637A (en) | 2016-08-12 | 2016-08-12 | Panel antenna array and the plate aerial of band polarization modulation |
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| WO2018028002A1 (en) * | 2016-08-12 | 2018-02-15 | 南京肯微弗通信技术有限公司 | Open-ended waveguide, antenna sub-array, panel antenna array and panel antenna |
| CN108288984A (en) * | 2017-01-09 | 2018-07-17 | 华为技术有限公司 | A kind of parameter instruction and determining method and receiving device and transmitting end equipment |
| CN112072306A (en) * | 2020-08-18 | 2020-12-11 | 深圳捷豹电波科技有限公司 | Phase antenna assembly and electronic equipment |
| CN113422214A (en) * | 2021-08-24 | 2021-09-21 | 星展测控科技股份有限公司 | Broadband dual-linear polarization waveguide array antenna and communication device |
| CN113629380A (en) * | 2017-12-14 | 2021-11-09 | 伟摩有限责任公司 | Antenna, radar system and method for adjusting polarization of antenna |
| CN115377670A (en) * | 2022-07-26 | 2022-11-22 | 四川领航未来通信技术有限公司 | Phase-shifting staggered flat array antenna |
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| CN113422214A (en) * | 2021-08-24 | 2021-09-21 | 星展测控科技股份有限公司 | Broadband dual-linear polarization waveguide array antenna and communication device |
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