WO2023124404A1 - 一种精度信息的发送方法、装置和系统 - Google Patents

一种精度信息的发送方法、装置和系统 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023124404A1
WO2023124404A1 PCT/CN2022/125663 CN2022125663W WO2023124404A1 WO 2023124404 A1 WO2023124404 A1 WO 2023124404A1 CN 2022125663 W CN2022125663 W CN 2022125663W WO 2023124404 A1 WO2023124404 A1 WO 2023124404A1
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Prior art keywords
network element
information
accuracy
clock synchronization
state
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PCT/CN2022/125663
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English (en)
French (fr)
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谷扬
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华为技术有限公司
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Publication of WO2023124404A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023124404A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04J—MULTIPLEX COMMUNICATION
    • H04J3/00—Time-division multiplex systems
    • H04J3/02—Details
    • H04J3/06—Synchronising arrangements
    • H04J3/0635—Clock or time synchronisation in a network
    • H04J3/0638—Clock or time synchronisation among nodes; Internode synchronisation

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the communication field, and in particular to a method, device and system for sending precision information.
  • Clock synchronization is a basic function in a communication system.
  • a clock synchronization system that relies on network timing includes a time reference module, a master station (grandmaster) and a slave station (slave).
  • the master station and the slave station can be A logical unit whose specific form is not fixed. Without considering the error, the master station obtains the clock information from the time reference module, and sends the information for clock synchronization to the slave station.
  • the master station When the time reference module fails and cannot provide correct clock information for the master station, the master station will change from the tracking state to the hold state, where the track state is the state of the master station when the time reference module is running normally, and the hold state is the time reference
  • the hold state can also be understood as the state where the master station independently generates clock information.
  • the information used for clock synchronization obtained by the slave station from the master station is no longer accurate, thereby affecting the quality of service of the communication system.
  • This application describes a method, device and system for sending precision information.
  • the embodiments of the present application provide a method for sending accuracy information, and the method is executed by a first network element.
  • the method includes: the first network element switches from the tracking state to the holding state; the first network element sends state information to the second network element, and the state information includes the accuracy information of the first network element in the holding state.
  • the first network element notifies the second network element of the precision information of the first network element in the holding state, so that the second network element can realize more accurate clock synchronization according to the precision information.
  • the first network element may be a master station in the clock synchronization system, and the second network element may be a slave station in the clock synchronization system.
  • the first network element may be a network element with a clock synchronization function in the core network, and the second network element may be any access network.
  • the first network element may be a baseband unit in the access network, and the second network element may be a radio frequency unit in the access network.
  • the first network element switches from the tracking state to the holding state.
  • the accuracy information includes real-time phase accuracy peak information of the first network element, and the real-time phase accuracy peak information of the first network element is used to indicate the maximum real-time phase accuracy of the first network element when the state is maintained. precision.
  • the real-time phase accuracy peak value of the first network element may also be referred to as real-time peak accuracy information of the first network element. It should be understood that the real-time accuracy peak information of the first network element may also be used to indicate the maximum real-time accuracy of the first network element when maintaining the state. This description is applicable to descriptions of other aspects of the present application, and will not be repeated here.
  • the accuracy information includes frequency accuracy information, and the frequency accuracy information is used to indicate a frequency offset rate of the first network element in the holding state.
  • the status information further includes the retention capability information of the first network element.
  • the holdability information includes a real-time precision or a stepped precision value.
  • the maintaining capability information includes the length of time that the first network element works within the first error range.
  • the first error may be an agreed, default, or error value configured in the first network element.
  • the first error may also be the value of the error variation range from when the first network element changes from the beginning to the hold state to when the first network element can only support the last service, that is, the first network element can only support the last service in the hold state.
  • the maximum margin of error supported is applicable to descriptions of other aspects of the present application, and will not be repeated here.
  • the status information further includes information about the retention period of the first network element, where the retention period information is used to indicate the duration of the first network element working within a second error range, and the second error range related to business.
  • the second error is an error allowed by a specific type of service, and the allowed error may be different for different services.
  • the state information further includes clock reference source type information
  • the clock reference source type information includes parameters of the clock reference source adapted to the first network element.
  • the clock reference source may be a satellite receiver adapted to the first network element.
  • the clock reference source type information includes one or more of the following: the mode of the satellite receiver adapted by the first network element, or the satellite receiver adapted by the first network element frequency band of the machine.
  • the state information further includes local source type information, where the local source type is used to indicate the type of the local oscillator of the first network element.
  • the sending the state information to the second network element by the first network element includes: broadcasting the state information to the second network element by the first network element.
  • the method further includes: the first network element receives a request message from the second network element, where the request message is used to request to obtain the status information from the first network element. That is to say, the second network element requests to obtain the status information of the first network element when it is in the hold state, then when the first network element switches from the tracking state to the hold state, the first network element sends the second network element the status information.
  • the request message is used to request to obtain the status information from the first network element. That is to say, the second network element requests to obtain the status information of the first network element when it is in the hold state, then when the first network element switches from the tracking state to the hold state, the first network element sends the second network element the status information.
  • the embodiments of the present application provide a method for sending accuracy information, and the method is executed by a second network element.
  • the method includes: the second network element receives state information from the first network element, and the state information includes the accuracy information of the first network element in the holding state; the second network element communicates with the first network element according to the accuracy information Perform clock synchronization, or perform clock synchronization with the second network element.
  • the second network element realizes more accurate clock synchronization when the first network element is in a holding state according to the acquired accuracy information.
  • the second network element performs clock synchronization with the first network element, or, performs clock synchronization with the second network element
  • the second network element may implement clock synchronization through the first network element, or, Clock synchronization may be implemented by relying on the second network element itself.
  • the second network element may choose to use the first network element to perform clock synchronization, or may choose to use itself to perform clock synchronization.
  • the accuracy information includes real-time phase accuracy peak information of the first network element, and the real-time phase accuracy peak information of the first network element is used to indicate the maximum real-time phase accuracy peak value of the first network element in the holding state. phase accuracy.
  • a possible implementation of this embodiment further includes: the second network element stops using the first information, where the first information is accuracy information of the first network element in a tracking state.
  • the accuracy information includes frequency accuracy information
  • the frequency accuracy information is used to indicate a frequency offset rate of the first network element in the holding state.
  • This embodiment also includes: the second network element adjusts a clock according to the frequency accuracy information.
  • the status information further includes the retention capability information of the first network element.
  • the maintaining capability information includes the real-time accuracy or step accuracy of the first network element.
  • the maintainability information includes the length of time that the first network element works within the first error range.
  • the second network element performs clock synchronization with the first network element or performs clock synchronization with the second network element according to the holdability information and the accuracy information.
  • the status information further includes information about the retention period of the first network element, where the retention period information is used to indicate the duration of the first network element working within a second error range, and the second error range related to business.
  • the second network element performs clock synchronization with the first network element or performs clock synchronization with the second network element according to the keeping duration information and the accuracy information.
  • the state information further includes clock reference source type information
  • the clock reference source type information includes parameters of the clock reference source adapted to the first network element.
  • the clock reference source type information includes one or more of the following: the mode of the satellite receiver adapted by the first network element, or the frequency band of the satellite receiver adapted by the first network element.
  • the second network element performs clock synchronization with the first network element or performs clock synchronization with the second network element according to the type of the clock reference source and the accuracy information.
  • the status information further includes local source type information, where the local source type information is used to indicate the type of the local oscillator of the first network element.
  • the second network element performs clock synchronization with the first network element or performs clock synchronization with the second network element according to the local source type information and the accuracy information.
  • the receiving the status information from the first network element by the second network element includes: receiving, by the second network element, the broadcast status information from the first network element.
  • the method further includes: the second network element sending a request message to the first network element, where the request message is used to request to receive the state information from the first network element.
  • the request message is used to request to receive the state information from the first network element.
  • the embodiments of the present application provide a method for sending accuracy information, and the method is executed by a first network element and a second network element.
  • the method includes: the first network element switches from the tracking state to the holding state; the first network element sends state information to the second network element, and the state information includes the accuracy information of the first network element in the holding state; A network element receives the status information; the second network element performs clock synchronization with the first network element, or performs clock synchronization with the second network element according to the accuracy information.
  • the second network element realizes more accurate clock synchronization when the first network element is in a holding state according to the acquired accuracy information.
  • the second network element performs clock synchronization with the second network element according to the accuracy information
  • the second network element no longer uses other network elements for clock synchronization, but the second network element uses its own clock source for clock synchronization.
  • Clock synchronization in other words, the second network element uses its own clock source to obtain time information, and uses the time information for its own services.
  • the accuracy information includes real-time phase accuracy peak information of the first network element, and the real-time phase accuracy peak information of the first network element is used to indicate the maximum real-time phase accuracy peak value of the first network element in the holding state. phase accuracy.
  • a possible implementation of this embodiment further includes: the second network element stops using the first information, where the first information is accuracy information of the first network element in a tracking state.
  • the accuracy information includes frequency accuracy information
  • the frequency accuracy information is used to indicate a frequency offset rate of the first network element in the holding state.
  • This embodiment also includes: the second network element adjusts a clock according to the frequency accuracy information.
  • the status information further includes the retention capability information of the first network element.
  • the maintaining capability information includes the real-time accuracy or step accuracy of the first network element.
  • the maintaining capability information includes the length of time that the first network element works within the first error range.
  • the second network element performs clock synchronization with the first network element or performs clock synchronization with the second network element according to the holdability information and the accuracy information.
  • the status information further includes information about the retention period of the first network element, where the retention period information is used to indicate the duration of the first network element working within a second error range, and the second error range related to business.
  • the second network element performs clock synchronization with the first network element or performs clock synchronization with the second network element according to the keeping duration information and the accuracy information.
  • the state information further includes clock reference source type information
  • the clock reference source type information includes parameters of the clock reference source adapted to the first network element.
  • the clock reference source type information includes one or more of the following: the mode of the satellite receiver adapted by the first network element, or the frequency band of the satellite receiver adapted by the first network element.
  • the second network element performs clock synchronization with the first network element or performs clock synchronization with the second network element according to the type of the clock reference source and the accuracy information.
  • the status information further includes local source type information, where the local source type information is used to indicate the type of the local oscillator of the first network element.
  • the second network element performs clock synchronization with the first network element or performs clock synchronization with the second network element according to the local source type information and the accuracy information.
  • the receiving the status information from the first network element by the second network element includes: receiving, by the second network element, the broadcast status information from the first network element.
  • the method further includes: the second network element sending a request message to the first network element, where the request message is used to request to receive the status information from the first network element.
  • the request message is used to request to receive the status information from the first network element.
  • the embodiments of the present application provide a method for sending accuracy information, and the method is executed by a first network element.
  • the method includes: the first network element sends frequency accuracy information to the second network element, and the frequency accuracy information includes the accuracy information of the first network element in a tracking state.
  • the first network element notifies the second network element of the frequency accuracy information of the first network element in the tracking state, so that the second network element can realize more accurate clock synchronization according to the frequency accuracy information.
  • the embodiments of the present application provide a method for sending accuracy information, and the method is executed by a second network element.
  • the method includes: the second network element receives frequency accuracy information from the first network element, and the frequency accuracy information includes the accuracy information of the first network element in a tracking state; the second network element communicates with the first network element according to the frequency accuracy information
  • the network element performs clock synchronization, or performs clock synchronization with the second network element.
  • the embodiments of the present application provide a communication device, including a processor; the processor is used to read and run a program from the memory, so as to implement the method in the first aspect or any possible implementation mode above, Or, to realize the method as in the second aspect above or any possible implementation manner, or, to realize the method as in the fourth aspect or any possible implementation manner above, or, to realize the method as in the fifth aspect or any possible implementation manner as above method of possible implementation.
  • embodiments of the present application provide a communication system, including a first network element and a second network element, where the first network element can execute the method in the first aspect or any possible implementation manner, and the second network element
  • the network element may execute the method of the second aspect or any possible implementation manner; or, the first network element may execute the method of the fourth aspect or any possible implementation manner, and the second network element may execute the method of the fifth aspect or any possible implementation manner. method of any possible implementation.
  • the embodiments of the present application provide a computer program product containing instructions, which, when run on a computer, cause the computer to execute the method as in the first aspect or any possible implementation mode, or the second aspect or The method of any possible embodiment, or the third aspect or the method of any possible embodiment, or the fourth aspect or the method of any possible embodiment, or the fifth aspect or the method of any possible embodiment .
  • the embodiments of the present application provide a computer-readable storage medium, where instructions are stored in the computer-readable storage medium, and when the computer-readable storage medium is run on a computer, the processor executes the first aspect or any possible The method of the embodiment, or the method of the second aspect or any possible embodiment, or the method of the third aspect or any possible embodiment, or the method of the fourth aspect or any possible embodiment, or the fifth aspect Aspect or method of any possible embodiment.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a network architecture of a communication system applicable to the present application
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the architecture of a clock synchronization application to a communication system applicable to the present application
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of another clock synchronization applicable to a communication system in the present application.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a method for sending accuracy information according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of another method for sending precision information according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of another method for sending precision information according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a communication device provided according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of another communication device provided according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 1 shows an architectural diagram of a clock synchronization applicable to this application, and the system shows a time reference module, a master station, a clock synchronization network and a slave station.
  • the time reference module can be a module that provides standard time, and it can have various product forms.
  • the time reference module can be a satellite receiver, or other devices for converting time information received from a satellite receiver into a standard time .
  • the standard time may be Coordinated Universal Time (UTC), or other standard times similar to the UTC.
  • UTC Coordinated Universal Time
  • the satellite receiver can support but not limited to at least one of the following systems: BeiDou Navigation Satellite System (BDS), Global Positioning System (Global Positioning System) , GPS), the Russian Global Navigation Satellite System (Global Navigation Satellite System, GLONASS), the EU Galileo Positioning System (Galileo Navigation Satellite System, GALILEO) and the Quasi-Zenith Satellite System (Quasi-Zenith Satellite System, QZSS).
  • BDS BeiDou Navigation Satellite System
  • Global Positioning System Global Positioning System
  • GPS Global Navigation Satellite System
  • GLONASS Global Navigation Satellite System
  • GALILEO EU Galileo Positioning System
  • QZSS Quasi-Zenith Satellite System
  • GPS and QZSS can support frequency band L1CA (1575.42 MHz), frequency band L1C (1575.42 MHz), frequency band L2 (1227.6 MHz), frequency band L5 (1176.45 MHz) and other frequencies
  • BDS can support frequency band B1I (1501.698 MHz), frequency band B1C (1575.42 MHz), frequency band B2a (1176.45 MHz), frequency band B3I (1268.52 MHz) and other frequencies
  • GALILEO can support frequency band E1 (1575.42 MHz), frequency band E5a (1176.45 MHz), frequency band E5b (1207.14 MHz), frequency band E6 (1278.75 MHz)
  • GLONASS can support frequency band G1 (1602.00 MHz), frequency band G2 (1246.00 MHz) and other different frequency bands.
  • the time reference module can be deployed in the access network device, specifically, it can be deployed on the side of the radio frequency control unit module of the access network device, or can be deployed on the side of the radio frequency module of the access network device.
  • the time reference module can also be deployed in the core network, which is not limited in this application.
  • a master station which may also be called a global master clock device, is a device that obtains a reference time from a time reference module, and the reference time may be a standard time. It can be a reference master clock device or an enhanced reference master clock device.
  • the master station has a local clock source, which can be a crystal clock or an atomic clock.
  • the crystal clock can be a crystal source of model OCXO 2/3E, or it can be a rubidium clock, a cesium clock, etc. atomic clock.
  • the master station can support at least one mode of the time reference module, such as the above-mentioned different modes of satellite receivers, and can also work in at least one type of frequency band introduced above.
  • the master station can also support more time reference module modes and even multiple frequency band types, and its performance is better.
  • the master station may be a module or network element device for clock service in the core network, or a module or device for clock service on the access network equipment side.
  • the radio frequency control unit module of the access network device may be regarded as the master station, and the radio frequency module of the access network device may also be regarded as the master station, which is not limited in this application.
  • a slave station also called a slave clock device, has a function of obtaining time information from a master station, for example, the time information is a standard time.
  • the secondary station can be located on any access network side.
  • any access network device in the access network can be regarded as a slave station, or any radio frequency control unit module in the access network device can also be regarded as a slave station, or any A radio frequency module can also be regarded as a slave station, or other devices or devices that need to use time information can be regarded as a slave station.
  • the master station and the slave station should be different network elements or devices. For example, if the master station is the radio frequency control unit module of the access network equipment, then the slave station is the radio frequency module of the access network equipment. If the master station When it is a radio frequency module of an access network device, then the slave station is a radio frequency control unit module.
  • a clock synchronization network is mainly used to transmit clock synchronization information.
  • the clock synchronization network may be a backhaul network, a fronthaul network, or other networks, and its ultimate purpose is to perform clock synchronization between the master station and the slave station.
  • Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of deploying a clock synchronization network in a communication system.
  • the communication system includes a data network, a core network, an access network and terminal equipment.
  • the master station is deployed in the core network.
  • the module or network element used for clock service can be regarded as the master station, and the device or module on the access network side can be regarded as the slave station.
  • the clock synchronization network It is the backhaul network between the core network and the access network.
  • Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of deploying a clock synchronization network in another communication system. Since the access network also includes a radio frequency control unit and a radio frequency unit, if the master station and the slave station are respectively deployed on the radio frequency control unit module side of the access network equipment and On one side of the radio frequency unit module side, as shown in Figure 3, the radio frequency control unit is regarded as the master station, and the radio frequency unit is regarded as the slave station, then the clock synchronization network is the fronthaul network between the radio frequency control unit and the radio frequency unit.
  • the positions of the master station and the slave station can be interchanged, and there are other similar deployment methods besides the above-mentioned deployment method of the slave station and the master station, which are not limited in this application.
  • the master station and the time reference module can be installed together or separately, and the deployment form of the two is not limited in this application.
  • the radio frequency control unit can be understood as having the function of a master station, that is, the radio frequency control unit can be regarded as a master station, and similarly, the radio frequency unit has the function of a slave station, that is, the radio frequency unit can be regarded as a slave station.
  • the master station and slave station in the above clock synchronization system are logical functional units, that is, the master station and the slave station can be realized by specified hardware, or can also be realized by a software instance on specified hardware, or can also be realized by a suitable Realized by instantiated virtual functions on the platform, and the above-mentioned devices or modules can be combined or set separately, which is not limited in this application.
  • radio frequency control unit may also be called a wireless control unit, a wireless device control unit, etc.
  • radio frequency unit may also be called a wireless unit, a wireless device, etc., which are not limited in this application.
  • the precision clock synchronization protocol standard for network measurement and control systems can be used, that is, the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineering (Institute of Electrical and Electronics) Engineers, IEEE) 1588 protocol, to realize the clock synchronization of the communication network.
  • the master station can be in different states when working, such as tracking state, holding state and free oscillation state. If the master station is in the tracking state, it means that the master station can obtain time information from the time reference module. In other words, when the time reference module is in a normal working state, the master station is in the tracking state. That is to say, the slave station can obtain accurate time information from the master station and complete clock synchronization normally.
  • the master station When the master station is in the hold state, a possible situation is that the time reference module fails, or the time reference module cannot communicate with the master station, then the master station cannot obtain accurate time information from the time reference module, and can only rely on its own If the clock module performs timing, the performance of the master station will continue to decline over time, and the time information provided by the master station for the slave station will also continue to deviate.
  • the master station enters the free oscillation state, it means that the time reference module is in a fault state for a long time, then the master station will rely on the free oscillation state of the local clock source for clock synchronization.
  • the slave station when the master station is in the hold state, the slave station cannot perceive that the master station is in the hold state, and the time information obtained by the slave station from the master station is the time information when the master station is in the tracking state, resulting in the slave station using the wrong time
  • the information is clock-synchronized.
  • the clock synchronization of the master station will switch from the synchronization of the time dimension to the synchronization of the frequency dimension, and the access network equipment deployed by the slave station may not support the synchronization of the frequency dimension. Stop clock synchronization. If the access network device still has a clock synchronization service that uses the time dimension at this time, this method will reduce the service quality of the service and also reduce the service duration of the access network device.
  • the method may be executed by a first network element and a second network element, the first network element in this figure may be the master station in Figure 1, Figure 2 or Figure 3, and the second network element in this figure
  • the unit can be the slave station in Figure 1, Figure 2 or Figure 3.
  • the method may include the steps of:
  • Step 401 the first network element switches from the tracking state to the holding state.
  • the first network element receives satellite time from the time reference module and receives satellite time information and/or the pulse signal of the time reference module, and the first network element judges according to the satellite time information and/or the pulse signal of the time reference module
  • the current time reference module fails, so the first network element switches from the tracking state to the holding state.
  • the first network element may sense the failure of the time reference module through other methods, which is not limited in this application.
  • Step 402 the first network element sends status information to the second network element.
  • the second network element receives status information from the first network element.
  • the first network element generates status information and sends the status information to the second network element.
  • the state information includes accuracy information of the first network element in the holding state.
  • the first network element broadcasts status information to the second network element.
  • the first network element receives a request message from the second network element, and the request message is used to request the first network element to send the status information, so the first network element sends the status information to the second network element.
  • Step 403 the second network element performs clock synchronization with the first network element according to the accuracy information, or performs clock synchronization with the second network element.
  • the second network element may stop using the first information, where the first information is the accuracy information of the first network element in the tracking state.
  • the accuracy information may include real-time phase accuracy peak information of the first network element, and the real-time phase accuracy peak information of the first network element is used to indicate the state of the maximum real-time phase accuracy of the first network element when the state is maintained.
  • the real-time phase accuracy peak value of the first network element may also be referred to as real-time peak accuracy information of the first network element. It should be understood that the real-time accuracy peak information of the first network element may also be used to indicate the maximum real-time accuracy of the first network element when maintaining the state.
  • the real-time phase accuracy peak value information of the first network element is used for clock synchronization in the time domain.
  • the second network element judges that the current state of the first network element is in the holding state, and the slave station can stop using the information when the master station is in the tracking state, and use the real-time phase accuracy peak information of the first network element to perform clock synchronization in the time domain , or perform time-domain clock synchronization with the second network element.
  • the accuracy information may include frequency accuracy information, where the frequency accuracy information represents the frequency offset rate of the first network element, that is, the difference between the time frequency value generated by the first network element using the time reference module and the standard frequency value of satellite time offset rate.
  • the second network element performs clock synchronization in the frequency domain with the first network element according to the accuracy information, or performs clock synchronization in the frequency domain with the second network element.
  • the state information may also include holding capability information, which is used to indicate the holding capability of the first network element, and the capability information may be understood as the holding capability of the first network element at a specific accuracy value.
  • the holdability information may be the real-time accuracy or step accuracy of the clock of the first network element, or the holdability information may also be that the first network element is within a specific error range (for example, a phase error range of 1 ⁇ s)
  • the length of working hours can also be a combination of the above two situations.
  • the holding capability information includes real-time accuracy or step accuracy.
  • the maintaining capability information may include a time length during which the first network element works within the first error range.
  • the first error may be an agreed, default, or error value configured in the first network element.
  • the first error may also be the value of the error variation range from when the first network element becomes the hold state from the beginning to when the first network element can only support the last service, that is, the first network element can only support the last service in the hold state. The maximum margin of error supported.
  • the second network element performs clock synchronization with the first network element, or performs clock synchronization with the second network element according to the holdability information and the accuracy information.
  • the holdability information is the real-time accuracy or stepwise accuracy of the clock of the first network element.
  • the second network element selects the best holdability among the first network element or the second network element according to the real-time accuracy or stepwise accuracy. network element, and perform clock synchronization with the network element, which is beneficial to improve the effect of clock synchronization.
  • the second network element may also determine the maintenance capability of the first network element according to the maintenance capability information, so that the second network element may adjust service deployment according to the maintenance capability information. Specifically, if the retention capability information is the real-time precision or step precision of the clock of the first network element, then the second network element judges the precision of the second network element at the current moment according to the real-time precision or step precision, and according to The accuracy of the current moment of the second network element adjusts the service type.
  • the second network element continues to use the clock of the first network element as the high-bandwidth service clock, that is, the second network element uses the current first network element to achieve clock synchronization, where the high-bandwidth service is a service that occupies a bandwidth exceeding the bandwidth threshold, and the bandwidth threshold can be adjusted according to the specific implementation, and this application does not limit .
  • the current precision is the second value
  • the second value can only satisfy the voice service, and there are high-bandwidth services in the second network element, then the second network element can choose to migrate the high-bandwidth service to other second network elements middle.
  • the second network element may also choose to stop using the first network element to perform clock synchronization.
  • the second network element may choose to perform clock synchronization with the second network element itself. Then, this method can make the quality of service of the service not decrease with the decrease of the precision of the clock synchronization, thereby improving the quality of service of the communication system.
  • the state information may also include hold time information, where the hold time information is used to indicate the time during which the first network element works within a second error range, and the second error range is related to services.
  • the second error is an error allowed by a specific type of service, and the allowed error may be different for different services. It can be understood that the value of the second error is smaller than the value of the first error, that is, the hold time allowed by different services is within the maximum error range supported by the first network element in the hold state. For example, if the holding time information is 24 hours, then when the time exceeds 24 hours, the master station switches from the holding state to the self-oscillating state, or switches to other states.
  • the second network element performs clock synchronization with the first network element, or performs clock synchronization with the second network element according to the keeping duration information and the accuracy information.
  • the second network element may determine the time that the first network element can maintain in the hold state, and the second network element may switch the first network element during the hold period, so that the second network element is in the hold state Coordinate other communication resources for the service currently supported by the second network element within the duration, such as migrating the service, or switching to a new first network element during the hold period, thereby ensuring the accuracy of the clock used by the service.
  • the second network element thus selects network elements that can adapt to more modes or frequency bands of satellite receivers, thereby providing more high-quality network elements for clock synchronization, and finally improving the effect of clock synchronization.
  • the second network element can select a network element with a longer holding time to perform clock synchronization according to different service requirements and the holding time information, which is beneficial to improve the effect of clock synchronization.
  • the status information may also include clock reference source type information, and the clock reference source type information includes parameters of the clock reference source adapted by the first network element.
  • the clock reference source type information includes one or more of the following: the mode of the satellite receiver adapted by the first network element, or the frequency band of the satellite receiver adapted by the first network element.
  • the clock reference source type information may include the satellite receiver mode adapted by the first network element, and the satellite receiver mode adapted by the first network element is one or more of GPS, BDS, GALILEO, GLONASS, QZSS kind.
  • the clock reference source type information may include the frequency band of the satellite receiver adapted by the first network element, and the frequency band of the satellite receiver adapted by the first network element is one of L1CA, B1I, B1C, G2, L5 or Various.
  • the clock reference source type information may also be other performance parameters of the first network element, which will not be listed in this application. It should be understood that the clock reference source type may be one or more of the above.
  • the clock reference source type may be the satellite receiver mode adapted by the first network element, or the first network element
  • the frequency band of the satellite receiver adapted by the element may also include the mode of the satellite receiver adapted by the first network element and the frequency band of the satellite receiver adapted by the first network element.
  • the second network element may perform clock synchronization with the first network element, or perform clock synchronization with the second network element according to the clock reference source type and the accuracy information.
  • the second network element can judge the performance of the time reference module currently used by the first network element according to the clock reference source type information, and judge whether to switch the first network element. It can be understood that if the source type information of the clock reference source includes both the satellite receiver mode adapted by the first network element and the frequency band of the satellite receiver adapted by the first network element, then the second network element may combine the first network element to adapt The configured satellite receiver mode and the satellite receiver frequency band adapted by the first network element, consider whether to switch the first network element,
  • the status information may also include a local source type, which is used to indicate the type of the local oscillator of the first network element, for example, an atomic clock or a crystal source.
  • a local source type is an OCXO 2/3E crystal oscillator, or, the local source type is a rubidium clock type atomic clock, or the local source type is a cesium clock type atomic clock. Understandably, different types of local sources have different stabilities as well as different degrees of accuracy.
  • the second network element performs clock synchronization with the first network element or performs clock synchronization with the second network element according to the local source type information and the accuracy information.
  • the second network element may judge the performance of the current local source of the first network element according to the type of the local source, so as to judge whether to switch to a network element with a higher performance local source according to the needs of the current access network equipment, for example, whether Clock synchronization is performed using the local source of the second network element itself. For example, if the current local source type of the first network element is a crystal source, and the local source used by the second network element itself is an atomic clock, then the second network element determines to use its own local source to implement clock synchronization.
  • the second network element Since the atomic clock is superior to the crystal source in terms of stability and accuracy, if the second network element uses a network element whose local source type is an atomic clock, it can guarantee subsequent clock synchronization. performance, which further guarantees the duration and accuracy of clock synchronization, and finally guarantees the effect of clock synchronization.
  • the method shown in FIG. 4 is also applicable to the scenario where multiple network elements send their respective status information to the second network element, and the second network element selects the first network element according to the status information of the multiple network elements and Perform clock synchronization with the first network element, or select a second network element to perform clock synchronization with the second network element, wherein the first network element is one of the multiple network elements, and the multiple network elements are A network element with the same network element function.
  • the second network element selects the first network element and performs clock synchronization with the first network element, it should be understood that the second network element selects the first network element from multiple network elements according to the above status information.
  • the second NE compares the multiple NEs based on the clock reference source type information, and selects A first network element with the most adapted satellite receiver modes, and/or, the first network element with the most adapted satellite receiver frequency bands, and clock synchronization with the first network element.
  • the satellite receiver mode adapted to other network elements is only GPS, then the second network element can select and use the satellite receiver mode that supports GPS, BDS, GALILEO, GLONASS and QZSS The first network element.
  • the second network element can choose the first network element that supports L1CA, B1I, B1C, G2 and L5 , and perform clock synchronization with the first network element.
  • the second network element can use the first network element with the highest performance among the multiple network elements to implement clock synchronization, thereby improving the performance of clock synchronization.
  • the second network element can select a network element whose local source type is an atomic clock from multiple network elements and itself, that is, if the first network element of the multiple network elements If the local source type is an atomic clock, the second NE selects the first NE for clock synchronization. If only the local source type of the second NE among the multiple NEs and the second NE is atomic, the second NE does not Then rely on other network elements to perform clock synchronization, in other words, the second network element performs clock synchronization with the second network element.
  • the second network element may combine the accuracy information with the information in the above information One or more, whether to switch the first network element, or whether to use its own local source, and whether to use the current provided by the second network element according to the characteristics of the network element selected by the second network element for clock synchronization Business adjustments, etc.
  • the second network element can determine whether there is a first network element with higher quality among the one or more received status information of one or more different network elements, that is, with stronger retention capability and longer retention time.
  • the first network element can be longer, the local source type is an atomic clock, and supports more clock reference source types, and select the first network element for clock synchronization, or the second network element finds that its own local source is better than the one or multiple different local sources of the first network element, and the second network element may also choose to perform clock synchronization by itself.
  • the second network element may communicate with the first network element or with the second network element according to the first rule.
  • the first rule is the priority of different types of information in the above state information, that is, the second network element selects the information with the highest priority in the state information according to the first rule, and according to the The information with the highest priority selects the first network element or the second network element, and performs clock synchronization with the first network element or with the second network element.
  • the second network element selects the network element with the best local source according to the type of the local source, and then compares with the selected network element with the best local source.
  • the clock synchronization of the first network element that is, if the local source type of the first network element is the optimal network element, then the clock synchronization of the second network element and the first network element is performed, and if the local source type of the second network element is the optimal network element network element, then the second network element performs clock synchronization with the second network element.
  • the clock synchronization between the second network element and the first network element should be understood as that the second network element can implement clock synchronization through the first network element.
  • the second network element may choose to use the first network element to perform clock synchronization.
  • the second network element selects from the second network element and the first network element from one or more of the above multiple perspectives, such as capability information, hold time, local source type, and clock reference source type, according to the state information. Network elements with stronger capabilities and better performance are used for clock synchronization.
  • the second network element performs clock synchronization with the second network element. It should be understood that the second network element implements clock synchronization relying on a local source of the second network element.
  • the second network element is in a holding state, or that the second network element uses its own local source to obtain clock information, and it can also be understood that the second network element does not use The first network element performs clock synchronization.
  • the first network element can notify the second network element of the state information, so that the second network element can adjust the clock synchronization according to the state information when the state is maintained.
  • the element cannot perceive that the first network element enters the holding state, it will still perform clock synchronization according to the tracking state strategy, resulting in clock synchronization errors, which is beneficial to the improvement of clock synchronization performance.
  • FIG. 5 is another method for the scenario of time-domain clock synchronization applicable to this application.
  • the master station in FIG. 5 can refer to the first
  • the slave station can refer to the description of the second network element in Figure 4, and the method may include the following steps:
  • Step 501 the master station receives satellite time information and/or a pulse signal of the time reference module from the time reference module.
  • Step 502 the master station switches from the tracking state to the holding state according to the satellite time information and/or the pulse signal.
  • the master station switches from the tracking state to the holding state.
  • the pulse signal of the time reference module is a 1 second pulse (pulse per second, pps) signal of the time reference module
  • the 1pps signal of the time reference module can be used to represent the 1 second phase information of the time reference module.
  • the pulse signal can be generated by the star card in the time reference module.
  • the satellite time information is used to represent the time information of the satellite, specifically, the time information of the satellite can be converted into UTC time.
  • the local clock module of the master station generates the local pulse signal of the master station, and the local pulse signal can also be a 1 second pulse (pulse per second, pps) signal, and the local 1pps signal of the master station includes the Phase information of the local clock module.
  • the local clock module can also generate local time information, and the local time information can be used to represent the local time of the master station.
  • the comparison module of the master station can compare the local pulse signal of the master station with the pulse signal of the time reference module, if the phase difference between the two pulse signals exceeds the first threshold, the comparison module of the master station determines that the time reference module is faulty .
  • the comparison module of the master station can compare the local time information of the master station with the satellite time information, and if the difference between the two time information exceeds a second threshold, the comparison module determines that the time reference module is faulty.
  • the comparison module of the master station can compare the local pulse signal of the master station with the pulse signal of the time reference module, and compare the local time information of the master station with the satellite time information, if the phase difference of the above two pulse signals value exceeds the first threshold, and the difference between the above two time information exceeds the second threshold, then the comparison module of the master station determines that the time reference module is faulty.
  • the first threshold and the second threshold may be determined according to requirements of practical applications, which are not limited in this application. That is to say, the master station can judge that the time reference module is faulty according to the time information and/or the pulse signal, and thus the master station switches from the tracking state to the holding state.
  • Step 503 the master station sends status information to the slave station.
  • the slave receives status information from the master.
  • step 402 For this step, reference may be made to the description of step 402 in FIG. 4 .
  • the status information includes precision information, and for the precision information, reference may be made to the description of the precision information in FIG. 4 .
  • the accuracy information can be enhanced accuracy measurement (ENHANCED_ACCURACY_METRICS) information, enhanced accuracy clock quality (ENHANCED_ACCURACY_ClockQuality) information, or information with other names. No matter how the name is changed, the status information can be used to reflect the master station Current status of clock-synchronized services that can be provided.
  • the accuracy information includes real-time phase accuracy peak information of the master station. For the real-time phase accuracy peak information of the master station, reference may be made to the description of the real-time phase accuracy peak information of the first network element in FIG. 4 .
  • the peak real-time phase accuracy of the master station may also be referred to as real-time peak accuracy information (maxGmInAccuracy) or time interval (TimeInterval) of the master station.
  • the status information also includes at least one of the following: hold capability information, hold duration information, clock reference source type information, and local source type.
  • hold capability information For the specific state information, reference may be made to the description in FIG. 4 , and details are not repeated here.
  • the slave station sends a request message to the master station, and the request message carries a management value field, which may be managementTLV.
  • the request message is used to request the master station to inform the slave station of management information, and the management information may be information of the master station, such as status information, accuracy information, and the like. Therefore, the master station can inform the slave stations of status information.
  • status information may be sent by multiple messages or by one message, which is not limited in this application.
  • Step 504 the slave station performs clock synchronization with the master station according to the accuracy information, or performs clock synchronization with the slave station.
  • step 403 For this step, reference may be made to the description of step 403 in FIG. 4 .
  • the slave station can adjust the clock synchronization behavior according to the status information for the service.
  • FIG. 6 is another method for the scenario of time-domain clock synchronization applicable to this application.
  • the master station in FIG. 6 can refer to the first
  • the slave station may refer to the description of the second network element in FIG. 4 .
  • the method of the embodiment shown in this figure is applicable to the scenario of frequency domain clock synchronization.
  • the method may include the steps of:
  • Step 601 the master station receives satellite time information and/or a pulse signal of the time reference module from the time reference module.
  • Step 602 the master station switches from the tracking state to the holding state.
  • step 601 and step 602 reference may be made to the description of step 501 and step 502 in the foregoing embodiments.
  • Step 603 the master station sends status information to the slave station.
  • the slave receives status information from the master.
  • step 402 For this step, reference may be made to the description of step 402 in FIG. 4 .
  • the status information includes accuracy information, and the accuracy information includes frequency accuracy information.
  • the frequency accuracy information is used to indicate the frequency offset rate of the master station in the hold state.
  • the frequency accuracy information can be used to indicate the time frequency value generated by the master station using the time reference module and the satellite time standard
  • the offset rate of the frequency value specifically, the frequency accuracy information can be in parts per million (PPM) as a unit.
  • the skew rate can be used to characterize the accuracy of the clock information provided by the master station to the slave station.
  • the state information may include hold capability information, hold duration information, clock reference source type information, and one or more of local source types, hold capability information, hold duration information, and clock reference source type information
  • the local source type reference may be made to the description in FIG. 4 above, which will not be repeated here.
  • Step 604 the slave station performs clock synchronization with the master station according to the accuracy information, or performs clock synchronization with the slave station.
  • the slave station can choose whether to continue using the master station for clock synchronization. If the slave station determines according to the frequency accuracy information that the clock synchronization accuracy of the current master station cannot meet the business needs of the slave station, then the slave station can stop using the master station for clock synchronization, and the slave station can choose to use its own local source for clock Synchronize.
  • the slave station is an access network device that supports frequency synchronization, such as a frequency division duplex (Frequency-DivisionDuplex, FDD) standard access network or a wideband code division multiple access (Wideband Code Division Multiple Access, WCDMA) standard Access network
  • FDD Frequency-DivisionDuplex
  • WCDMA Wideband Code Division Multiple Access
  • the frequency accuracy information can provide better clock synchronization services .
  • the slave station can dynamically adjust the service business and adjust the service time of the slave station according to the frequency accuracy information instead of stopping providing services to users. In order to maintain the state, it will stop tracking the master station, that is, stop the clock synchronization, resulting in the situation that the service cannot be provided to the user. This method can further improve the user experience.
  • step 403 of FIG. 4 For this step, reference may be made to the description in step 403 of FIG. 4 , which will not be repeated here.
  • the method shown in this embodiment can improve the clock synchronization performance in the frequency domain clock synchronization scenario, and can also improve the service performance of the slave station, and even extend the service duration of the slave station.
  • the beneficial effects of the method shown in this embodiment reference may be made to the description in FIG. 5 , which will not be repeated here.
  • this embodiment of the present application also provides a communication device, which may be the first network element or master station or the second network element or slave station in the above method embodiments, or include the above first network element or master station Or a device with the function of the second network element or the slave station, or a component with a function similar to that of the first network element or the master station or the second network element or the slave station.
  • the communication device includes hardware structures and/or software modules corresponding to each function.
  • the present application can be implemented in the form of hardware or a combination of hardware and computer software in combination with the units and algorithm steps of each example described in the embodiments disclosed herein. Whether a certain function is executed by hardware or computer software drives hardware depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. Skilled artisans may use different methods to implement the described functions for each specific application, but such implementation should not be regarded as exceeding the scope of the present application.
  • Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of a communication device provided according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • the communication device includes a processing module 701 , a receiving module 702 and a sending module 703 .
  • the processing module 701 is configured to implement data processing by the communication device.
  • the receiving module 702 is used for receiving the content of the communication device and other units or network elements
  • the sending module 703 is used for receiving the content of the communication device and other units or network elements.
  • the processing module 701 in this embodiment of the present application may be implemented by a processor or a processor-related circuit component (or called a processing circuit), and the receiving module 702 may be implemented by a receiver or a receiver-related circuit component.
  • the sending module 703 may be implemented by a transmitter or transmitter-related circuit components.
  • the communication device may be a communication device device, and may also be a chip applied in the communication device device or other combined devices, components, etc. having the functions of the above communication device device.
  • the communication device may be a first network element or a master station in any one of FIGS. 4 to 6 , and may also be a second network element or a slave station in any one of FIGS. 4 to 6 .
  • the processing module 701 is used to switch from the tracking state to the holding state (for example, step 401 in FIG. 4 , step 502 in FIG. 5 and step 602 in FIG. 6 ).
  • the sending module 703 is configured to send status information to the second network element, where the status information includes accuracy information of the first network element in the holding state (for example, step 402 in FIG. 4, step 503 in FIG. 5, and Step 603 in Fig. 6).
  • each of the above-mentioned modules can also be used to support other processes of the technical solutions involved in the first network element or master station in FIG. 4 to FIG. 6 herein.
  • the receiving module 702 is configured to receive status information from the first network element, and the status information includes accuracy information of the first network element in the hold state (for example, FIG. 4 Step 402 in FIG. 5, step 503 in FIG. 5 and step 603 in FIG. 6).
  • the processing module 701 is configured to perform clock synchronization with the first network element according to the accuracy information, or perform clock synchronization with the second network element (for example, step 403 in FIG. 4, step 504 in FIG. 5, and Step 604 in Fig. 6).
  • each of the above-mentioned modules can also be used to support other processes of the technical solution involved in the second network element or the slave station in FIG. 4 to FIG. 6 herein.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of another communication device provided according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • the communication device includes: a processor 801 , a communication interface 802 , and a memory 803 .
  • the processor 801, the communication interface 802, and the memory 803 can be connected to each other through a bus 804;
  • the bus 804 can be a peripheral component interconnect standard (peripheral component interconnect, PCI) bus or an extended industry standard architecture (extended industry standard architecture, EISA) bus etc.
  • PCI peripheral component interconnect
  • EISA extended industry standard architecture
  • the above-mentioned bus 804 can be divided into an address bus, a data bus, a control bus, and the like. For ease of representation, only one line is used in FIG. 8 , but it does not mean that there is only one bus or one type of bus.
  • the processor 801 may be a central processing unit (central processing unit, CPU), a network processor (network processor, NP) or a combination of CPU and NP.
  • the processor may further include hardware chips.
  • the aforementioned hardware chip may be an application-specific integrated circuit (application-specific integrated circuit, ASIC), a programmable logic device (programmable logic device, PLD) or a combination thereof.
  • the aforementioned PLD may be a complex programmable logic device (complex programmable logic device, CPLD), a field-programmable gate array (field-programmable gate array, FPGA), a general array logic (Generic Array Logic, GAL) or any combination thereof.
  • Memory 803 may be volatile memory or nonvolatile memory, or may include both volatile and nonvolatile memory.
  • the non-volatile memory can be read-only memory (read-only memory, ROM), programmable read-only memory (programmable ROM, PROM), erasable programmable read-only memory (erasable PROM, EPROM), electrically programmable Erases programmable read-only memory (electrically EPROM, EEPROM) or flash memory.
  • Volatile memory can be random access memory (RAM), which acts as external cache memory.
  • the communication device may be a first network element or a master station in any one of FIGS. 4 to 6 , and may also be a second network element or a slave station in any one of FIGS. 4 to 6 .
  • the processor 801 is used to realize the data processing operation of the communication device
  • the communication interface 802 is used to realize the receiving operation and the sending operation of the communication device.
  • the communication interface 802 is used to send status information to a second network element, where the status information includes accuracy information of the first network element in the holding state (for example, Step 402 in FIG. 4, step 503 in FIG. 5 and step 603 in FIG. 6).
  • the processor 801 is configured to switch from the tracking state to the holding state (for example, step 401 in FIG. 4 , step 502 in FIG. 5 and step 602 in FIG. 6 ).
  • each of the above-mentioned modules can also be used to support other processes of the technical solutions involved in the first network element or master station in FIG. 4 to FIG. 6 herein. For the beneficial effect, reference may be made to the foregoing description, and details are not repeated here.
  • the communication interface 802 is used to receive status information from the first network element, and the status information includes accuracy information of the first network element in the holding state (for example, FIG. 4 Step 402 in FIG. 5, step 503 in FIG. 5 and step 603 in FIG. 6).
  • the processor 801 is configured to perform clock synchronization with the first network element according to the accuracy information, or perform clock synchronization with the second network element (for example, step 403 in FIG. 4 , step 504 in FIG. 5 , and Step 604 in Fig. 6).
  • each of the above-mentioned modules can also be used to support other processes of the technical solution involved in the second network element or the slave station in FIG. 4 to FIG. 6 herein. For the beneficial effect, reference may be made to the foregoing description, and details are not repeated here.
  • An embodiment of the present application provides a communication system, which includes the aforementioned first network element and second network element, or includes the aforementioned master station and slave station, wherein the first network element or the master station performs the steps shown in Figures 4 to 6. Any one of the first network element or the master station, the second network element or the slave station performs the method performed by the second network element or the slave station in any of the embodiments shown in FIG. 4 to FIG. 6 .
  • An embodiment of the present application also provides a computer-readable storage medium, the computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program, and when the computer program is executed by a computer, the computer can implement the Figures 4 to 6 provided in the above-mentioned method embodiments.
  • the technical solution related to the first network element or the master station or the second network element or the slave station in the embodiment is illustrated.
  • An embodiment of the present application also provides a computer program product, the computer program product is used to store a computer program, and when the computer program is executed by a computer, the computer can implement any one of Figures 4 to 6 provided in the above method embodiments.
  • the procedures related to the first network element or the master station or the second network element or the slave station in the illustrated embodiment, or, the computer can implement the first step in any of the embodiments shown in Fig. 4 to Fig. 6 provided in the above method embodiment.
  • the present application also provides a chip, including a processor.
  • the processor is used to read and execute the computer program stored in the memory, so as to execute the corresponding operations and/or procedures in the first network element or master station or the second network element or slave station in the method provided by the present application.
  • the chip further includes a memory, the memory is connected to the processor through a circuit or wires, and the processor is used to read and execute the computer program in the memory.
  • the memory may also be a memory device independent of the chip.
  • the chip further includes a communication interface, and the processor is connected to the communication interface.
  • the communication interface is used to receive processed data and/or information, and the processor obtains the data and/or information from the communication interface, and processes the data and/or information.
  • the communication interface may be an input/output interface, interface circuit, output circuit, input circuit, pin or related circuit on the chip.
  • the processor may also be embodied as a processing circuit or logic circuit.
  • the above-mentioned chip can also be replaced by a system-on-a-chip, which will not be repeated here.
  • the disclosed systems, devices and methods may be implemented in other ways.
  • the device embodiments described above are only illustrative.
  • the division of the units is only a logical function division. In actual implementation, there may be other division methods.
  • multiple units or components can be combined or May be integrated into another system, or some features may be ignored, or not implemented.
  • the mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed may be through some interfaces, and the indirect coupling or communication connection of devices or units may be in electrical, mechanical or other forms.
  • the units described as separate components may or may not be physically separated, and the components shown as units may or may not be physical units, that is, they may be located in one place, or may be distributed to multiple network units. Part or all of the units can be selected according to the actual situation to realize the purpose of the solution of this embodiment.
  • each functional unit in each embodiment of the present application may be integrated into one processing unit, each unit may exist separately physically, or two or more units may be integrated into one unit.
  • the functions described above are realized in the form of software function units and sold or used as independent products, they can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium.
  • the technical solution of the present application is essentially or the part that contributes to the prior art or the part of the technical solution can be embodied in the form of a software product, and the computer software product is stored in a storage medium, including Several instructions are used to make a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) execute all or part of the steps of the methods described in the various embodiments of the present application.
  • the aforementioned storage medium includes: U disk, mobile hard disk, read-only memory (read-only memory, ROM), random access memory (random access memory, RAM), magnetic disk or optical disc and other media that can store program codes. .

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Abstract

本申请实施例提供一种精度信息的发送方法、装置和系统。该方法包括：第一网元从跟踪状态切换为保持状态；第一网元向第二网元发送状态信息，状态信息包括第一网元在保持状态下的精度信息。通过上述方法，第二网元可以获取到第一网元在保持状态下的状态信息，并根据该状态信息与第一网元进行时钟同步，或者与第二网元进行时钟同步，最终实现更加精准的时钟同步，进一步提升了时钟同步系统的性能。

Description

一种精度信息的发送方法、装置和系统
本申请要求于2021年12月30日提交中国专利局、申请号为202111646943.8、申请名称为“一种精度信息的发送方法、装置和系统”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本申请涉及通信领域，尤其涉及一种精度信息的发送方法、装置和系统。
背景技术
时钟同步是通信系统中的一种基础功能，一般来说，依赖网络授时的时钟同步系统中包括时间基准模块、主站(grandmaster)以及从站(slave)，其中，主站和从站可以为一种逻辑单元，其具体形态并不固定。在不考虑误差的情况下，主站通过从时间基准模块获取到时钟信息，并向从站发送用于时钟同步的信息。当时间基准模块出现故障，不能为主站提供正确的时钟信息时，主站会从跟踪状态转变为保持状态，其中，跟踪状态为时间基准模块正常运行时主站的状态，保持状态为时间基准模块故障时主站的状态，保持状态也可以理解为主站自主产生时钟信息的状态。从站从主站获取的用于时钟同步的信息不再准确，从而影响通信系统的服务质量。
发明内容
本申请描述了一种精度信息的发送方法、装置和系统。
第一方面，本申请的实施例提供了一种精度信息的发送方法，该方法由第一网元执行。该方法包括：第一网元从跟踪状态切换为保持状态；第一网元向第二网元发送状态信息，状态信息包括第一网元在保持状态下的精度信息。通过上述方案，第一网元向第二网元告知该第一网元在保持状态下的精度信息，使得第二网元可以根据该精度信息实现更加准确的时钟同步。
例如，该第一网元可以为时钟同步系统中的主站，第二网元可以为时钟同步系统中的从站。一种可能的实现方式，该第一网元可以为核心网中的具有时钟同步功能的网元，第二网元可以为任一接入网。一种可能的实现方式，该第一网元可以为接入网中的基带单元，第二网元可以为接入网中的射频单元。该描述适用于本申请的其他方面的描述，不再赘述。
一种可能的实施方式中，当时间基准模块故障，该第一网元从跟踪状态切换为保持状态。
一种可能的实施方式中，该精度信息包括第一网元实时相位精度峰值信息，该第一网元实时相位精度峰值信息用于指示该第一网元在保持状时的最大的实时的相位精度。该第一网元实时相位精度峰值也可以称为第一网元实时精度峰值信息。应理解的是，该第一网元实时精度峰值信息也可以用于指示该第一网元在保持状态时的最大的实时的精度。该描述适用于本申请其他方面的描述，不再赘述。
一种可能的实施方式中，该精度信息包括频率精度信息，该频率精度信息用于指示该第一网元在该保持状态下的频率偏移率。
一种可能的实施方式中，该状态信息还包括该第一网元的保持能力信息。
其中，一种可能的情况，该保持能力信息包括实时精度或阶梯精度值。
其中，另一种可能的情况，该保持能力信息包括该第一网元在第一误差范围内工作的时间长度。该第一误差可以为约定的、缺省的或者在第一网元中配置的误差值。该第一误差也可以为该第一网元从开始变为保持状态，到该第一网元只能支撑最后一种业务的误差变化范围值，也即该第一网元在保持状态所能支持的最大误差范围。该描述适用于本申请的其他方面的描述，不再赘述。
一种可能的实施方式中，该状态信息还包括该第一网元的保持时长信息，该保持时长信息用于表示该第一网元在第二误差范围内工作的时长，该第二误差范围与业务相关。换句话说，该第二误差为具体的某一类业务所允许的误差，不同的业务所允许的误差可能是不同的。该描述适用于本申请的其他方面的描述，不再赘述。
一种可能的实施方式中，该状态信息还包括时钟参考源类型信息，该时钟参考源类型信息包括该第一网元适配的时钟参考源的参数。该时钟参考源可以为该第一网元适配的卫星接收机。
其中，一种可能的情况，该时钟参考源类型信息包括以下中的一种或多种：该第一网元适配的卫星接收机的模式，或者，该第一网元适配的卫星接收机的频段。
一种可能的实施方式中，该状态信息还包括本地源类型信息，该本地源类型用于表示该第一网元的本地振荡器的类型。
一种可能的实施方式中，该第一网元向第二网元发送状态信息，包括：该第一网元向该第二网元广播该状态信息。
一种可能的实施方式中，还包括：该第一网元从该第二网元接收请求消息，该请求消息用于请求从该第一网元获取该状态信息。也就是说，该第二网元请求获取该第一网元在保持状态时的状态信息，那么在第一网元从跟踪状态切换成保持状态时，第一网元向第二网元发送该状态信息。该描述适用于本申请的其他方面的描述，不再赘述。
第二方面，本申请的实施例提供了一种精度信息的发送方法，该方法由第二网元执行。该方法包括：第二网元从第一网元接收状态信息，该状态信息包括该第一网元在保持状态下的精度信息；该第二网元根据该精度信息，与该第一网元进行时钟同步，或者，与该第二网元进行时钟同步。通过该方法，第二网元根据获取到的精度信息，在第一网元为保持状态时，实现更加准确的时钟同步。
例如，该第二网元与该第一网元进行时钟同步，或者，与该第二网元进行时钟同步，应当理解为该第二网元可以通过第一网元实现时钟同步，或者，也可以依赖该第二网元自身实现时钟同步。换句话说，第二网元可以选择使用第一网元进行时钟同步，也可以选择使用自身进行时钟同步。该方面的不同的实施方式均可以参考该描述，不再赘述。
一种可能的实施方式中，该精度信息包括第一网元实时相位精度峰值信息，该第一网元实时相位精度峰值信息用于指示该第一网元在该保持状态时的最大的实时的相位精度。该实施方式的一种可能的实现方式，还包括：该第二网元停止使用第一信息，该第一信息为该第一网元在跟踪状态时的精度信息。
一种可能的实施方式中，该精度信息包括频率精度信息，该频率精度信息用于指示该第一网元在该保持状态下的频率偏移率。该实施方式还包括：该第二网元根据该频率精度信息调整时钟。
一种可能的实施方式中，该状态信息还包括该第一网元的保持能力信息。其中，一种可能的情况，该保持能力信息包括该第一网元的实时精度或阶梯精度。另一种可能的情况，该 保持能力信息包括该第一网元在第一误差范围内工作的时间长度。该实施方式的一种可能的实现方式，该第二网元根据该保持能力信息和该精度信息，与该第一网元进行时钟同步，或者与该第二网元进行时钟同步。
一种可能的实施方式中，该状态信息还包括该第一网元的保持时长信息，该保持时长信息用于表示该第一网元在第二误差范围内工作的时长，该第二误差范围与业务相关。该实施方式的一种可能的实现方式，该第二网元根据该保持时长信息和该精度信息，与该第一网元进行时钟同步，或者与该第二网元进行时钟同步。
一种可能的实施方式中，该状态信息还包括时钟参考源类型信息，该时钟参考源类型信息包括该第一网元适配的时钟参考源的参数。该时钟参考源类型信息包括以下中的一种或多种：该第一网元适配的卫星接收机的模式，或者，该第一网元适配的卫星接收机的频段。该实施方式的一种可能的实现方式，该第二网元根据该时钟参考源类型和该精度信息，与该第一网元进行时钟同步，或者与该第二网元进行时钟同步。
一种可能的实施方式中，该状态信息还包括本地源类型信息，该本地源类型信息用于表示该第一网元的本地振荡器的类型。该实施方式的一种可能的实现方式，该第二网元根据该本地源类型信息和该精度信息，与该第一网元进行时钟同步，或者与该第二网元进行时钟同步。
一种可能的实施方式中，该第二网元从第一网元接收状态信息，包括：该第二网元从该第一网元接收广播的该状态信息。
一种可能的实施方式中，还包括：该第二网元向该第一网元发送请求消息，该请求消息用于请求从该第一网元接收该状态信息。该实施方式可以参考第一方面的描述。
第三方面，本申请的实施例提供了一种精度信息的发送方法，该方法由第一网元和第二网元执行。该方法包括：第一网元从跟踪状态切换为保持状态；第一网元向第二网元发送状态信息，状态信息包括第一网元在保持状态下的精度信息；第二网元从第一网元接收状态信息；该第二网元根据该精度信息，与该第一网元进行时钟同步，或者，与该第二网元进行时钟同步。通过该方法，第二网元根据获取到的精度信息，在第一网元为保持状态时，实现更加准确的时钟同步。
其中，第二网元根据该精度信息，与该第二网元进行时钟同步，应当理解为第二网元不再使用其他网元进行时钟同步，而是第二网元使用自身的时钟源进行时钟同步，换句话说，该第二网元使用自身的时钟源获取时间信息，并将该时间信息用于自身的业务。上述描述同样适用于其他方面的描述。
一种可能的实施方式中，该精度信息包括第一网元实时相位精度峰值信息，该第一网元实时相位精度峰值信息用于指示该第一网元在该保持状态时的最大的实时的相位精度。该实施方式的一种可能的实现方式，还包括：该第二网元停止使用第一信息，该第一信息为该第一网元在跟踪状态时的精度信息。
一种可能的实施方式中，该精度信息包括频率精度信息，该频率精度信息用于指示该第一网元在该保持状态下的频率偏移率。该实施方式还包括：该第二网元根据该频率精度信息调整时钟。
一种可能的实施方式中，该状态信息还包括该第一网元的保持能力信息。其中，一种可能的情况，该保持能力信息包括该第一网元的实时精度或阶梯精度。另一种可能的情况，该保持能力信息包括该第一网元在第一误差范围内工作的时间长度。该实施方式的一种可能的实现方式，该第二网元根据该保持能力信息和该精度信息，与该第一网元进行时钟同步，或 者与该第二网元进行时钟同步。
一种可能的实施方式中，该状态信息还包括该第一网元的保持时长信息，该保持时长信息用于表示该第一网元在第二误差范围内工作的时长，该第二误差范围与业务相关。该实施方式的一种可能的实现方式，该第二网元根据该保持时长信息和该精度信息，与该第一网元进行时钟同步，或者与该第二网元进行时钟同步。
一种可能的实施方式中，该状态信息还包括时钟参考源类型信息，该时钟参考源类型信息包括该第一网元适配的时钟参考源的参数。该时钟参考源类型信息包括以下中的一种或多种：该第一网元适配的卫星接收机的模式，或者，该第一网元适配的卫星接收机的频段。该实施方式的一种可能的实现方式，该第二网元根据该时钟参考源类型和该精度信息，与该第一网元进行时钟同步，或者与该第二网元进行时钟同步。
一种可能的实施方式中，该状态信息还包括本地源类型信息，该本地源类型信息用于表示该第一网元的本地振荡器的类型。该实施方式的一种可能的实现方式，该第二网元根据该本地源类型信息和该精度信息，与该第一网元进行时钟同步，或者与该第二网元进行时钟同步。
一种可能的实施方式中，该第二网元从第一网元接收状态信息，包括：该第二网元从该第一网元接收广播的该状态信息。
一种可能的实施方式中，还包括：该第二网元向该第一网元发送请求消息，该请求消息用于请求从该第一网元接收该状态信息。该实施方式可以参考第一方面的描述。
第四方面，本申请的实施例提供了一种精度信息的发送方法，该方法由第一网元执行。该方法包括：第一网元向第二网元发送频率精度信息，该频率精度信息包括第一网元在跟踪状态下的精度信息。通过上述方案，第一网元向第二网元告知该第一网元在跟踪状态下的频率精度信息，使得第二网元可以根据该频率精度信息实现更加准确的时钟同步。
该方面的可能的实施方式可以参考第一方面的描述，不再赘述。
第五方面，本申请的实施例提供了一种精度信息的发送方法，该方法由第二网元执行。该方法包括：第二网元从第一网元接收频率精度信息，该频率精度信息包括第一网元在跟踪状态下的精度信息；该第二网元根据该频率精度信息，与该第一网元进行时钟同步，或者，与该第二网元进行时钟同步。通过该方法，第二网元根据获取到的频率精度信息，在第一网元为保持状态时，实现更加准确的时钟同步。
该方面的可能的实施方式可以参考第二方面的描述，不再赘述。
第六方面，本申请的实施例提供了一种通信装置，包括处理器；该处理器用于从存储器中读取并运行程序，以实现如前面第一方面或任一可能的实施方式的方法，或者，以实现如前面第二方面或任一可能的实施方式的方法，或者，以实现如前面第四方面或任一可能的实施方式的方法，或者，以实现如前面第五方面或任一可能的实施方式的方法。
第七方面，本申请的实施例提供了一种通信系统，包括第一网元和第二网元，该第一网元可以执行第一方面或任一可能的实施方式的方法，该第二网元可以执行第二方面或任一可能的实施方式的方法；或者，该第一网元可以执行第四方面或任一可能的实施方式的方法，该第二网元可以执行第五方面或任一可能的实施方式的方法。
第八方面，本申请的实施例提供了一种包含指令的计算机程序产品，当其在计算机上运行时，使得计算机执行如第一方面或任一可能的实施方式的方法，或第二方面或任一可能的实施方式的方法，或第三方面或任一可能的实施方式的方法，或第四方面或任一可能的实施方式的方法，或第五方面或任一可能的实施方式的方法。
第九方面，本申请的实施例提供了一种计算机可读存储介质，计算机可读存储介质中存储有指令，当其在计算机上运行时，使得处理器执行如第一方面或任一可能的实施方式的方法，或第二方面或任一可能的实施方式的方法，或第三方面或任一可能的实施方式的方法，或第四方面或任一可能的实施方式的方法，或第五方面或任一可能的实施方式的方法。
附图说明
图1为本申请适用的一种通信系统的网络架构示意图；
图2为本申请适用的一种时钟同步应用于通信系统的架构示意图；
图3为本申请适用的另一种时钟同步应用于通信系统的架构示意图；
图4为根据本申请实施例提供的一种精度信息的发送方法的示意图；
图5为根据本申请实施例提供的另一种精度信息的发送方法的示意图；
图6为根据本申请实施例提供的又一种精度信息的发送方法的示意图；
图7为根据本申请实施例提供的一种通信装置的示意图；
图8为根据本申请实施例提供的另一种通信装置的示意图。
具体实施方式
为了使本申请实施例的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚，下面将结合附图对本申请实施例作进一步地详细描述。本申请实施例的技术方案可以应用于各种通信系统，例如长期演进(long term evolution，LTE)系统、LTE频分双工(frequency division duplex，FDD)系统、LTE时分双工(time division duplex，TDD)、第五代(5th generation，5G)移动通信系统或新无线(new radio，NR)系统，或者应用于未来的通信系统或其它类似的通信系统等。本申请描述的网络架构以及业务场景是为了更加清楚的说明本申请的技术方案，并不构成对本申请提供的技术方案的限定，本领域普通技术人员可知，随着网络架构的演变和新业务场景的出现，本申请提供的技术方案对于类似的技术问题，同样适用。
图1示出了一种适用于本申请的时钟同步的架构图，该系统中示出了时间基准模块、主站、时钟同步网络和从站。
时间基准模块可以为提供标准时间的模块，其可以具有多种产品形态，比如时间基准模块可以为卫星接收机，或者为其他的用于将从卫星接收机接收的时间信息转换成标准时间的装置。其中，标准时间可以为世界标准时间(Coordinated Universal Time，UTC)，或者与该UTC类似的其他标准时间。举例来说，若时间基准模块为卫星接收机，该卫星接收机可以但不限于支持以下中的至少一个系统：北斗卫星导航系统(BeiDou Navigation Satellite System，BDS)、美国全球定位系统(Global Positioning System，GPS)、俄罗斯全球导航卫星系统格洛纳斯(Global Navigation Satellite System，GLONASS)和欧盟伽利略定位系统(Galileo Navigation Satellite System，GALILEO)和准天顶卫星系统(Quasi-Zenith Satellite System，QZSS)。不同的接收机可以支持不同的频率，比如，GPS和QZSS可以支持频段L1CA(1575.42兆赫兹)、频段L1C(1575.42兆赫兹)、频段L2(1227.6兆赫兹)、频段L5(1176.45兆赫兹)等频率，BDS可以支持频段B1I(1501.698兆赫兹)、频段B1C(1575.42兆赫兹)、频段B2a(1176.45兆赫兹)、频段B3I(1268.52兆赫兹)等频率，GALILEO可以支持频段E1(1575.42兆赫兹)、频段E5a(1176.45兆赫兹)、频段E5b(1207.14兆赫兹)、频段E6(1278.75兆赫兹)，GLONASS可以支持频段G1(1602.00兆赫兹)、频段G2(1246.00兆赫兹)等不同的 频段。该时间基准模块可以部署于接入网设备中，具体的，可以部署于接入网设备的射频控制单元模块侧，也可以部署于接入网设备的射频模块侧。该时间基准模块也可以部署于核心网中，本申请并不限定。
主站(GrandMaster，GM)，又可以称为全局主时钟设备，是一种从时间基准模块获取参考时间的设备，该参考时间可以为标准时间。其可以为基准主时钟设备，也可以为增强型基准主时钟设备。主站中具有本地时钟源，该本地时钟源可以为晶体时钟、也可以为原子钟，举例来说，晶体时钟可以是型号为OCXO 2/3E的晶体源，也可以是铷钟、铯钟等类型的原子钟。主站可以支持至少一种时间基准模块的模式，例如上述不同模式的卫星接收机，也可以工作在上述介绍的至少一种频段类型。可以理解的是，主站还可以支持更多时间基准模块的模式甚至多种频段类型，其性能更优。主站可以为核心网中用于时钟服务的模块或网元装置，也可以为接入网设备侧的用于时钟服务的模块或者装置。具体的，接入网设备的射频控制单元模块可以视为主站，接入网设备的射频模块也可以视为主站，本申请并不限定。
从站(slave)，也可以称为从时钟设备，其功能为从主站获取时间信息，例如时间信息为标准时间。举例来说，从站可以位于任一接入网侧。具体的，接入网中的任一接入网设备可以视为从站，或者，接入网设备中的任一射频控制单元模块也可以视为从站，或者，接入网设备中的任一射频模块也可以视为从站，或者其他需要使用时间信息的设备或装置均可以视为从站。
应理解的是，主站与从站应为不同的网元或者装置，比如，主站为接入网设备的射频控制单元模块时，那么从站为接入网设备的射频模块，若主站为接入网设备的射频模块时，那么从站为射频控制单元模块。
时钟同步网络，主要用于传递时钟同步信息的网络。例如，该时钟同步网络可以为回传网，也可以为前传网，或者可以为其他网络，其最终目的是用于主站与从站之间进行时钟同步。
举例来说，主站和从站的部署情况可以参考图2和图3的描述。图2为一种通信系统中部署时钟同步网络的示意图。该通信系统中包括数据网、核心网、接入网和终端设备。具体的通信系统中每个组成部分的功能和定义可以参考第三代合作伙伴计划协议中的描述，本申请不再赘述。如图2所示，主站部署于核心网中，具体的，用于时钟服务的模块或网元可以视为主站，接入网侧的装置或模块可以视为从站，那么时钟同步网络则为核心网与接入网之间的回传网。
图3为另一种通信系统中部署时钟同步网络的示意图，由于接入网中又包括射频控制单元与射频单元，如果主站和从站分别部署于接入网设备的射频控制单元模块侧和射频单元模块侧中的一侧，如图3所示，射频控制单元视为主站，射频单元视为从站，那么时钟同步网络为射频控制单元与射频单元之间的前传网。
应理解的是，主站与从站之间的位置可以互换，甚至除了上述部署从站和主站的方式以外，还有其他的类似的部署方式，本申请并不限定。
在实际部署时，主站和时间基准模块可以合设也可以分设，两者的部署形态本申请并不限定。此外，应理解的是，射频控制单元可以理解为具有主站的功能，即射频控制单元可以视为主站，类似的，射频单元具有从站的功能，即射频单元可以视为从站。上述时钟同步系统中的主站、从站为逻辑功能单元，即，主站和从站既可以由指定的硬件实现，或者也可以由在指定硬件上的软件实例实现，或者也可以由在合适的平台上实例化的虚拟功能来实现，且上述各装置或者模块既可以合并设置也可以分开设置，本申请并不在此限制。
还应理解的是，射频控制单元也可以称为无线控制单元、无线设备控制单元等，射频单元也可以称为无线单元、无线设备等，本申请并不限定。
现有网络中可以选用的用于使用同步的协议有多种，举例来说，通信网络中可以是用网络测量和控制系统的精密时钟同步协议标准，即电气电子工程协会(Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers，IEEE)1588协议，实现该通信网络的时钟的同步。
主站在工作时可以处于不同的状态，比如跟踪状态、保持状态以及自由振荡状态。若主站处于跟踪状态，那么则意味着主站能够从时间基准模块中获取时间信息，换句话说，时间基准模块处于正常工作的状态时，主站处于跟踪状态。也就意味着，从站可以从主站获取准确的时间信息，正常完成时钟同步。而当主站处于保持状态时，一种可能的情况，时间基准模块故障，或者，时间基准模块与主站无法通信，那么主站无法从时间基准模块获取准确的时间信息，只能依靠自身的时钟模块进行计时，那么该主站的性能会随着时间不断下降，该主站为从站提供的时间信息也会不断出现偏差。当主站进入自由振荡状态，则意味着时间基准模块长时间处于故障的状态，那么主站会依赖本地时钟源的自由振荡状态进行时钟同步。目前，主站处于保持状态时，从站并不能感知到主站处于保持状态，而且从站从主站获取到的时间信息为主站在跟踪状态时的时间信息，导致从站使用错误的时间信息进行时钟同步。此外，若时间基准模块故障的时间超过一定阈值，主站的时钟同步会从时间维度的同步切换到频率维度的同步，从站所部署于的接入网设备可能因为不支持频率维度的同步而停止时钟同步，若此时该接入网设备中还具有使用时间维度的时钟同步的业务，该方法会降低业务的服务质量，同时也降低了接入网设备的服务时长。
本申请提出了一种用于时钟同步的方法，用于解决上述问题。如图4所示，该方法可以由第一网元和第二网元执行，该图中的第一网元可以为图1、图2或者图3的主站，该图中的第二网元可以为图1、图2或者图3中的从站。该方法可以包括以下步骤：
步骤401，第一网元从跟踪状态切换为保持状态。
一种可能的实现方式，第一网元从时间基准模块接收卫星时间接收卫星时间信息和/或时间基准模块的脉冲信号，第一网元根据卫星时间信息和/或时间基准模块的脉冲信号判断出当前时间基准模块故障，因此该第一网元从跟踪状态切换成保持状态。应理解的是，第一网元可以通过其他方法感知到时间基准模块故障，本申请并不限定。
步骤402，第一网元向第二网元发送状态信息。
相应地，第二网元从第一网元接收状态信息。
例如，第一网元生成状态信息，并向第二网元发送状态信息。
该状态信息中包括第一网元在保持状态下的精度信息。
一种可能的实现方式，第一网元向第二网元广播状态信息。另一种可能的实现方式，第一网元从第二网元接收请求消息，请求消息用于请求第一网元发送状态信息，因此，第一网元向第二网元发送该状态信息。
步骤403，第二网元根据该精度信息，与该第一网元进行时钟同步，或者，与该第二网元进行时钟同步。
进一步地，该第二网元可以停止使用第一信息，该第一信息为该第一网元在跟踪状态时的精度信息。
例如，该精度信息可以包括第一网元实时相位精度峰值信息，第一网元实时相位精度峰值信息用于指示第一网元在保持状态时的最大的实时相位精度的状态。该第一网元实时相位精度峰值也可以称为第一网元实时精度峰值信息。应理解的是，该第一网元实时精度峰值信 息也可以用于指示该第一网元在保持状态时的最大的实时的精度。该第一网元实时相位精度峰值信息用于时域的时钟同步。那么第二网元判断出第一网元当前状态为保持状态，从站可以停止使用主站为跟踪状态时的信息，并且使用该第一网元实时相位精度峰值信息，进行时域的时钟同步，或者与第二网元进行时域的时钟同步。
或者，该精度信息可以包括频率精度信息，该频率精度信息表示该第一网元的频率偏移率，即，第一网元使用时间基准模块生成的时间频率值与卫星时间的标准频率值的偏移率。第二网元根据该精度信息，与该第一网元进行频域的时钟同步，或者，与该第二网元进行频域的时钟同步。
该状态信息还可以包括保持能力信息，保持能力信息用于表示第一网元的保持能力，该能力信息可以理解为第一网元在特定的精度值的保持能力。
例如，该保持能力信息可以为该第一网元的时钟的实时精度或阶梯精度，或者，该保持能力信息也可以为该第一网元在特定误差范围(例如，1μs的相位误差范围)内工作的时间长度，也可以为上述两种情况的结合。
一种可能的实现方式，该保持能力信息包括实时精度或阶梯精度。另一种可能的实现方式，保持能力信息可以包括第一网元在第一误差范围内工作的时间长度。该第一误差可以为约定的、缺省的或者在第一网元中配置的误差值。该第一误差也可以为该第一网元从开始变为保持状态，到该第一网元只能支持最后一种业务的误差变化范围值，也即该第一网元在保持状态所能支持的最大误差范围。
该第二网元根据该保持能力信息和该精度信息，与该第一网元进行时钟同步，或者与该第二网元进行时钟同步。该保持能力信息为该第一网元的时钟的实时精度或阶梯精度，具体的，第二网元根据该实时精度或阶梯精度，选择第一网元或者第二网元中保持能力最好的网元，并与该网元进行时钟同步，有利于提升时钟同步的效果。
此外，一种可能的情况，第二网元还可以根据该保持能力信息，确定第一网元的保持能力，使得第二网元可以根据该保持能力信息，调整业务的部署。具体的，若该保持能力信息为该第一网元的时钟的实时精度或阶梯精度，那么第二网元根据该实时精度或阶梯精度，判断当前时刻的第二网元的精度情况，并根据第二网元的当前时刻的精度情况调整业务类型。举例来说，当前的精度为第一值，且该第一值满足第二网元的现有业务中的高带宽业务，那么第二网元继续使用第一网元的时钟作为该高带宽业务的时钟，即，第二网元使用当前的第一网元实现时钟同步，其中高带宽业务为一种占用带宽超出带宽阈值的业务，该带宽阈值可以根据具体实现来调整，本申请并不限定。若当前的精度为第二值，该第二值只能满足语音业务，而该第二网元中存在高带宽业务，那么第二网元可以选择将该高带宽业务迁移至其他第二网元中。或者，第二网元也可以选择停止使用该第一网元进行时钟同步，具体的，第二网元可以选择与第二网元自身进行时钟同步。那么该方法可以使得业务的服务质量不会随着时钟同步的精度的下降而下降，从而提升通信系统的服务质量。
该状态信息还可以包括保持时长信息，保持时长信息用于表示该第一网元在第二误差范围内工作的时长，该第二误差范围与业务相关。换句话说，该第二误差为具体的某一类业务所允许的误差，不同的业务所允许的误差可能是不同的。可以理解的是，第二误差的值小于第一误差的值，也就是说，不同的业务所允许的保持时长在该第一网元在保持状态所能支持的最大误差范围以内。例如，该保持时长信息为24小时，那么当时间超出24小时，那么主站从保持状态切换为自振荡状态，或者切换为其他状态。该第二网元根据该保持时长信息和该精度信息，与该第一网元进行时钟同步，或者与该第二网元进行时钟同步。一种可能的情 况，第二网元可以确定第一网元在保持状态所能维持的时间，第二网元可以在该保持时长期间切换第一网元，以使得第二网元在该保持时长内为当前第二网元支持的业务协调其他的通信资源，比如迁移该业务，或者在该保持时长期间切换新的第一网元，进而保证该业务所使用的时钟的准确度。此外，第二网元从而选择出能够适配更多的卫星接收机的模式或者频段的网元，从而为时钟同步提供了更加优质的网元，最终提升了时钟同步的效果。第二网元可以根据不同的业务需求以及该保持时长信息，选择出保持时长更长的网元进行时钟同步，有利于提升时钟同步的效果。
该状态信息还可以包括时钟参考源类型信息，时钟参考源类型信息包括第一网元适配的时钟参考源的参数。
一种可能的实现方式，时钟参考源类型信息包括以下中的一种或多种：第一网元适配的卫星接收机的模式，或者，第一网元适配的卫星接收机的频段。例如，该时钟参考源类型信息可以包括第一网元适配的卫星接收机模式，该第一网元适配的卫星接收机模式为GPS、BDS、GALILEO、GLONASS、QZSS中的一种或多种。又例如，该时钟参考源类型信息可以包括第一网元适配的卫星接收机频段，该第一网元适配的卫星接收机频段为L1CA、B1I、B1C、G2、L5中的一种或多种。该时钟参考源类型信息还可以为第一网元的其他的性能参数，本申请不再一一列举。应理解的是，该时钟参考源类型可以为上述中的一种或多种，举例来说，该时钟参考源类型可以是第一网元适配的卫星接收机模式，也可以是第一网元适配的卫星接收机频段，也可以包括第一网元适配的卫星接收机模式和第一网元适配的卫星接收机频段。
该第二网元可以根据该时钟参考源类型和该精度信息，与该第一网元进行时钟同步，或者与该第二网元进行时钟同步。第二网元可以根据该时钟参考源类型信息判断当前第一网元所使用的时间基准模块的性能，判断是否切换第一网元。可以理解的是，若时钟参考源源类型信息中既包括第一网元适配的卫星接收机模式和第一网元适配的卫星接收机频段，那么第二网元可以结合第一网元适配的卫星接收机模式和第一网元适配的卫星接收机频段，考虑是否切换第一网元，
该状态信息还可以包括本地源类型，本地源类型用于表示第一网元的本地振荡器的类型，例如，原子钟或晶体源。举例来说，该本地源类型为OCXO 2/3E晶体振荡器，或者，该本地源类型为铷钟类型的原子钟，或者该本地源类型为铯钟类型的原子钟。可以理解的是，不同类型的本地源具有不同的稳定性以及不同的精准度。
该第二网元根据该本地源类型信息和该精度信息，与该第一网元进行时钟同步，或者与该第二网元进行时钟同步。第二网元可以根据该本地源类型，判断当前第一网元的本地源的性能，从而判断是否根据当前接入网设备的需要切换成具有更高性能的本地源的网元，例如，是否使用第二网元自身的本地源进行时钟同步。举例来说，若当前的第一网元的本地源类型为晶体源，第二网元自身使用的本地源为原子钟，那么第二网元确定使用自身的本地源实现时钟同步。由于原子钟不论是从稳定性的角度来说，还是从精度的角度来说，均优于晶体源，所以，若第二网元使用本地源类型为原子钟的网元后，可以保障后续时钟同步的性能，进一步保障了时钟同步的时长和精确度，最终保障了时钟同步的效果。
图4所示的方法也适用于多个网元向第二网元发送多个网元各自的状态信息的场景，第二网元根据该多个网元的状态信息，选择第一网元并与该第一网元进行时钟同步，或者选择第二网元与第二网元进行时钟同步，其中，第一网元为该多个网元中的一个，且多个网元为与第一网元功能一致的网元。当第二网元选择第一网元并与该第一网元进行时钟同步，应理解的为，第二网元根据上述状态信息从多个网元中选择第一网元。
以状态信息中包括时钟参考源类型信息为例，对于多个网元均向第二网元发送各自的状态信息的场景，第二网元根据时钟参考源类型信息，比较多个网元，选择一个适配的卫星接收机模式最多，和/或，适配的卫星接收机频段种类最多的第一网元，并与第一网元进行时钟同步。举例来说，多个网元中除了第一网元以外其他的网元适配的卫星接收机模式均只有GPS，那么第二网元可以选择并使用支持GPS、BDS、GALILEO、GLONASS和QZSS的第一网元。又例如，多个网元中除了第一网元以外其他的网元适配的卫星接收机频段只有L5，那么第二网元可以选择支持L1CA、B1I、B1C、G2和L5的第一网元，并与该第一网元进行时钟同步。最终，第二网元可以使用多个网元中性能最高的第一网元实现时钟同步，提升时钟同步的性能。
类似的，若状态信息中包括本地源类型，那么第二网元可以从多个网元以及自身中选择本地源类型为原子钟的网元，也即，若多个网元中第一网元的本地源类型为原子钟，那么第二网元选择第一网元进行时钟同步，若多个网元和第二网元中只有第二网元的本地源类型为原子中，那么第二网元不再依赖其他网元进行时钟同步，换句话说，第二网元与第二网元进行时钟同步。
应理解的是，由于上述状态信息除了包括精度信息之外，所包括的信息可以为一种或多种，因此在第二网元接收到该状态信息后，可以结合精度信息和上述信息中的一种或多种，是否切换第一网元，或者，是否要使用自身的本地源，以及是否根据第二网元选择的用于时钟同步的网元的特性，对第二网元当前提供的业务进行调整等。举例来说，第二网元可以根据收到的一个或多个不同的网元的状态信息，判断该一个或多个中是否存在更加优质的第一网元，即保持能力更强、保持时长可以更长、本地源类型为原子钟、支持更多的时钟参考源类型的第一网元，并选择该第一网元进行时钟同步，又或者第二网元发现自身的本地源优于该一个或多个不同的第一网元的本地源，第二网元也可以选择自身进行时钟同步。
此外，当状态信息中包括能力信息、保持时长信息、时钟参考源类型信息以及本地源类型中的至少两个时，第二网元还可以根据第一规则与第一网元或者与第二网元进行时钟同步，该第一规则为上述状态信息中的不同类型的信息的优先级，也就是说，第二网元根据第一规则，选择出状态信息中优先级最高的信息，并根据该优先级最高的信息选择第一网元或者第二网元，并与第一网元或者与第二网元进行时钟同步。举例来说，若第二网元接收到的状态信息中包括能力信息、保持时长信息、时钟参考源类型信息以及本地源类型，根据第一规则，状态信息中，本地源类型的优先级最高，其次为能力信息，再次为保持时长信息，最后为时钟参考源类型信息，那么第二网元根据本地源类型，选择出本地源最优的网元，然后与选择出的本地源最优的网元进行时钟同步，也即，若第一网元的本地源类型为最优的网元，那么第二网元与第一网元进行时钟同步，若第二网元的本地源类型为最优的网元，那么第二网元与第二网元进行时钟同步。
总之，该第二网元与该第一网元进行时钟同步，应当理解为，该第二网元可以通过第一网元实现时钟同步。换句话说，第二网元可以选择使用第一网元进行时钟同步。例如，第二网元根据状态信息，从上述多种角度，比如能力信息、保持时长、本地源类型以及时钟参考源类型中的一个或多个，从第二网元和第一网元中选择出能力更强、性能更优的网元进行时钟同步。该第二网元与该第二网元进行时钟同步，应当理解为，该第二网元依赖该第二网元的本地源实现时钟同步。与该第二网元进行时钟同步，应当理解为第二网元处于保持状态，或者说，第二网元使用自身的本地源进行时钟信息的获取，也可以理解为，第二网元不使用第一网元进行时钟同步。
通过本申请所示的实施例，第一网元可以向第二网元告知状态信息，从而使得第二网元可以根据该保持状态时的状态信息进行时钟同步的调整，相比于第二网元无法感知第一网元进入保持状态时，会依旧按照跟踪状态的策略进行时钟同步，导致时钟同步错误，有利于时钟同步的性能的提升。
结合图4所示的方法，图5为本申请适用的另一种用于时域时钟同步的场景的方法，如图5所示，该图5中的主站可以参考图4中的第一网元的描述，从站可以参考图4中的第二网元的描述，该方法可以包括如下步骤：
步骤501、主站从时间基准模块接收卫星时间信息和/或时间基准模块的脉冲信号。
步骤502、主站根据卫星时间信息和/或脉冲信号从跟踪状态切换为保持状态。
例如，主站根据卫星时间信息和/或脉冲信号判断该时间基准模块故障，那么该主站从跟踪状态切换为保持状态。
例如，该时间基准模块的脉冲信号为时间基准模块的1秒脉冲(pulse per second，pps)信号，该时间基准模块的1pps信号可以用于表示该时间基准模块的1秒的相位信息。具体的，该脉冲信号可以由时间基准模块中的星卡生成。
例如，卫星时间信息用于表示该卫星的时间信息，具体的，该卫星的时间信息可以转换成UTC时间。
具体来说，主站的本地时钟模块生成该主站的本地脉冲信号，该本地脉冲信号也可以为1秒脉冲(pulse per second，pps)信号，该主站的本地1pps信号中包括主站的本地时钟模块的相位信息。此外，该本地时钟模块也可以生成本地时间信息，该本地时间信息可以用于表示该主站的本地的时间。主站的比较模块可以比较该主站的本地脉冲信号和该时间基准模块的脉冲信号，若上述两个脉冲信号的相位差值超出第一阈值，那么主站的比较模块确定该时间基准模块故障。或者，主站的比较模块可以比较该主站的本地时间信息和该卫星时间信息，若上述两个时间信息的差值超出第二阈值，那么该比较模块确定该时间基准模块故障。又或者，主站的比较模块可以比较该主站的本地脉冲信号和该时间基准模块的脉冲信号，以及比较该主站的本地时间信息和该卫星时间信息，若上述两个脉冲信号的相位差值超出第一阈值，上述两个时间信息的差值超出第二阈值，那么主站的比较模块确定该时间基准模块故障。该第一阈值和第二阈值可以根据实际应用的需求确定，本申请并不限定。也就是说，主站可以根据上述时间信息和/或脉冲信号，判断出时间基准模块故障，由此主站从跟踪状态切换为保持状态。
步骤503、主站向从站发送状态信息。
相应地，从站从主站接收状态信息。
该步骤可以参考图4中的步骤402的描述。
其中，该状态信息中包括精度信息，该精度信息可以参考图4中的精度信息的描述。该精度信息可以为增强型精度度量(ENHANCED_ACCURACY_METRICS)信息，也可以为增强型精度时钟质量(ENHANCED_ACCURACY_ClockQuality)信息，或者可以为其他名称的信息，不论名称如何改变，该状态信息均可以用于体现主站当前能够提供的时钟同步的服务的情况。该精度信息包括主站实时相位精度峰值信息，该主站实时相位精度峰值信息可以参考图4中的第一网元实时相位精度峰值信息的描述。该主站实时相位精度峰值也可以称为主站实时精度峰值信息(maxGmInAccuracy)或者时间间隔(TimeInterval)。
状态信息中还包括以下中的至少一种：保持能力信息、保持时长信息、时钟参考源类型 信息、本地源类型。具体的该状态信息可以参考图4中的描述，不再赘述。
例如，在该步骤之前，从站向主站发送请求消息，该请求消息中携带管理值字段，该字段可以为managementTLV。该请求消息用于请求主站向从站告知管理信息，该管理信息可以为主站的信息，例如状态信息、精度信息等。因此，主站可以向从站告知状态信息。
应当理解的是，本申请并不限定用于发送状态信息的消息，消息的名称可以根据不同的使用场景适应性修改。
应理解的是，状态信息可以通过多条消息发送，也可以通过一条消息发送，本申请并不限定。
步骤504、从站根据精度信息，与主站进行时钟同步，或者，与该从站进行时钟同步。
该步骤可以参考图4中的步骤403的描述。
例如，从站可以针对业务，根据状态信息，调整时钟同步的行为。
该图5所示的方法的有益效果可以参考图4的描述，不再赘述。
结合图4所示的方法，图6为本申请适用的又一种用于时域时钟同步的场景的方法，如图6所示，该图6中的主站可以参考图4中的第一网元的描述，从站可以参考图4中的第二网元的描述，该图所示的实施例的方法适用于频域时钟同步的场景。该方法可以包括如下步骤：
步骤601、主站从时间基准模块接收卫星时间信息和/或时间基准模块的脉冲信号。
步骤602、主站从跟踪状态切换为保持状态。
步骤601和步骤602可以参考前述实施例中步骤501和步骤502的描述。
步骤603、主站向从站发送状态信息。
相应地，从站从主站接收状态信息。
该步骤可以参考图4中的步骤402的描述。
该状态信息包括精度信息，该精度信息包括频率精度信息。该频率精度信息用于指示该主站在该保持状态下的频率偏移率，换句话说，该频率精度信息可以用于表示该主站使用时间基准模块生成的时间频率值与卫星时间的标准频率值的偏移率，具体的，该频率精度信息可以用百万分之(parts per million，PPM)为单位。该偏移率可以用于表征该主站为从站提供的时钟信息的精准度。该频率精度信息可以参考图4中的频率精度信息的描述。
一种可能的实现方式，该状态信息中可以包括保持能力信息、保持时长信息、时钟参考源类型信息以及本地源类型中的一个或多个，保持能力信息、保持时长信息、时钟参考源类型信息以及本地源类型可以参考前述图4中的描述，此处不再赘述。
步骤604、从站根据精度信息，与该主站进行时钟同步，或者，与该从站进行时钟同步。
例如，若状态信息中包括频率精度信息，那么从站可以选择是否继续使用该主站进行时钟同步。若从站根据该频率精度信息确定当前主站的时钟同步的精度无法满足从站的业务的需求，那么从站可以停止使用该主站进行时钟同步，从站可以选择使用自身的本地源进行时钟同步。应理解的是，若从站为支持频率同步的接入网设备，比如频分双工(Frequency-DivisionDuplex，FDD)制式接入网或者宽带码分多址(Wideband Code Division Multiple Access，WCDMA)制式接入网，在频率同步的场景下，或者从站提供增强带宽载波聚合类业务甚至其他一些对主站的同步精度有特殊要求的业务时，该频率精度信息可以提供更好的时钟同步的服务。若从站获取到该状态信息后，可以根据频率精度信息动态调整服务的业务以及调整从站服务的时间，而非停止为用户提供服务，相比于若从站根据状态信息获取到主站当前为保持状态，会停止跟踪该主站，也即停止时钟同步，导致无法为用户提供服 务的情况，该方法可以进一步提升用户的体验。
该步骤可以参考前述图4的步骤403中的描述，此处不再赘述。
该实施例所示的方法可以使得在频域时钟同步的场景下提升时钟同步的性能，也能够提升从站的服务性能，甚至延长从站的服务时长。本实施例所示的方法的有益效果可以参考图5的描述，此处不再赘述。
相应的，本申请实施例还提供了通信装置，该通信装置可以为上述方法实施例中的第一网元或主站或者第二网元或者从站，或者包含上述第一网元或主站或者第二网元或者从站的功能的装置，或者为与第一网元或主站或者第二网元或者从站功能相似的部件。可以理解的是，该通信装置为了实现上述功能，其包含了执行各个功能相应的硬件结构和/或软件模块。本领域技术人员应该很容易意识到，结合本文中所公开的实施例描述的各示例的单元及算法步骤，本申请能够以硬件或硬件和计算机软件的结合形式来实现。某个功能究竟以硬件还是计算机软件驱动硬件的方式来执行，取决于技术方案的特定应用和设计约束条件。专业技术人员可以对每个特定的应用来使用不同方法来实现所描述的功能，但是这种实现不应认为超出本申请的范围。
图7为根据本申请实施例提供的一种通信装置的示意图。
通信装置包括处理模块701、接收模块702和发送模块703。处理模块701用于实现通信装置对数据的处理。接收模块702用于接收通信装置与其他单元或者网元的内容，发送模块703用于接收通信装置与其他单元或者网元的内容。应理解，本申请实施例中的处理模块701可以由处理器或处理器相关电路组件(或者，称为处理电路)实现，接收模块702可以由接收器或接收器相关电路组件实现。发送模块703可以由发送器或发送器相关电路组件实现。
示例性地，通信装置可以是通信装置设备，也可以是应用于通信装置设备中的芯片或者其他具有上述通信装置设备功能的组合器件、部件等。
示例性的，通信装置可以为图4至图6中任一的第一网元或主站，也可以为图4至图6中任一的第二网元或从站。
当该通信装置为第一网元或主站时，处理模块701用于从跟踪状态切换为保持状态(例如图4中的步骤401，图5中的步骤502以及图6中的步骤602)。发送模块703用于向第二网元发送状态信息，所述状态信息包括所述第一网元在所述保持状态下的精度信息(例如图4中的步骤402，图5中的步骤503以及图6中的步骤603)。
此外，上述各个模块还可以用于支持本文图4至图6中第一网元或主站涉及的技术方案的其它过程。有益效果可参考前面的描述，此处不再赘述。
当该通信装置为第二网元或从站时，接收模块702用于从第一网元接收状态信息，所述状态信息包括所述第一网元在保持状态下的精度信息(例如图4中的步骤402，图5中的步骤503以及图6中的步骤603)。处理模块701用于根据所述精度信息，与所述第一网元进行时钟同步，或者，与所述第二网元进行时钟同步(例如图4中的步骤403，图5中的步骤504以及图6中的步骤604)。
此外，上述各个模块还可以用于支持本文图4至图6中第二网元或从站涉及的技术方案的其它过程。有益效果可参考前面的描述，此处不再赘述。
图8为根据本申请实施例提供的另一种通信装置的示意图，该通信装置包括：处理器801、通信接口802、存储器803。其中，处理器801、通信接口802以及存储器803可以通过总线804相互连接；总线804可以是外设部件互连标准(peripheral component interconnect，PCI)总线或扩展工业标准结构(extended industry standard architecture，EISA)总线等。上述总线 804可以分为地址总线、数据总线和控制总线等。为便于表示，图8中仅用一条线表示，但并不表示仅有一根总线或一种类型的总线。处理器801可以是中央处理器(central processing unit，CPU)，网络处理器(network processor，NP)或者CPU和NP的组合。处理器还可以进一步包括硬件芯片。上述硬件芯片可以是专用集成电路(application-specific integrated circuit，ASIC)，可编程逻辑器件(programmable logic device，PLD)或其组合。上述PLD可以是复杂可编程逻辑器件(complex programmable logic device,CPLD)，现场可编程逻辑门阵列(field-programmable gate array，FPGA)，通用阵列逻辑(Generic Array Logic，GAL)或其任意组合。存储器803可以是易失性存储器或非易失性存储器，或可包括易失性和非易失性存储器两者。其中，非易失性存储器可以是只读存储器(read-only memory，ROM)、可编程只读存储器(programmable ROM，PROM)、可擦除可编程只读存储器(erasable PROM，EPROM)、电可擦除可编程只读存储器(electrically EPROM，EEPROM)或闪存。易失性存储器可以是随机存取存储器(random access memory，RAM)，其用作外部高速缓存。
示例性的，通信装置可以为图4至图6中任一的第一网元或主站，也可以为图4至图6中任一的第二网元或从站。
其中，处理器801用于实现通信装置的数据处理操作，通信接口802用于实现通信装置的接收操作和发送操作。
当该通信装置为第一网元或主站时，通信接口802用于向第二网元发送状态信息，所述状态信息包括所述第一网元在所述保持状态下的精度信息(例如图4中的步骤402，图5中的步骤503以及图6中的步骤603)。处理器801用于从跟踪状态切换为保持状态(例如图4中的步骤401，图5中的步骤502以及图6中的步骤602)。此外，上述各个模块还可以用于支持本文图4至图6中第一网元或主站涉及的技术方案的其它过程。有益效果可参考前面的描述，此处不再赘述。
当该通信装置为第二网元或从站时，通信接口802用于从第一网元接收状态信息，所述状态信息包括所述第一网元在保持状态下的精度信息(例如图4中的步骤402，图5中的步骤503以及图6中的步骤603)。处理器801用于根据所述精度信息，与所述第一网元进行时钟同步，或者，与所述第二网元进行时钟同步(例如图4中的步骤403，图5中的步骤504以及图6中的步骤604)。此外，上述各个模块还可以用于支持本文图4至图6中第二网元或从站涉及的技术方案的其它过程。有益效果可参考前面的描述，此处不再赘述。
本申请实施例提供一种通信系统，其包括前述的第一网元和第二网元，或者，包括前述的主站和从站，其中，第一网元或主站执行图4至图6中任一的第一网元或主站，第二网元或从站执行图4至图6中任一所示实施例中第二网元或从站执行的方法。
本申请实施例还提供一种计算机可读存储介质，所述计算机可读存储介质存储有计算机程序，该计算机程序被计算机执行时，所述计算机可以实现上述方法实施例提供的图4至图6中任一所示实施例中第一网元或主站或者第二网元或从站相关的技术方案，或者，所述计算机可以实现上述方法实施例提供的图4至图6中任一所示实施例中第一网元或主站或者第二网元或从站相关的技术方案。
本申请实施例还提供一种计算机程序产品，所述计算机程序产品用于存储计算机程序，该计算机程序被计算机执行时，所述计算机可以实现上述方法实施例提供的图4至图6中任一所示实施例中第一网元或主站或者第二网元或从站相关的流程，或者，所述计算机可以实现上述方法实施例提供的图4至图6任一所示实施例中第一网元或主站或者第二网元或者从站相关的技术方案。
本申请还提供一种芯片，包括处理器。该处理器用于读取并运行存储器中存储的计算机程序，以执行本申请提供的方法中由第一网元或主站或者第二网元或者从站中的相应操作和/或流程。可选地，该芯片还包括存储器，该存储器与该处理器通过电路或电线与存储器连接，处理器用于读取并执行该存储器中的计算机程序。可选的，该存储器也可以为独立于芯片的存储器件。进一步可选地，该芯片还包括通信接口，处理器与该通信接口连接。通信接口用于接收处理的数据和/或信息，处理器从该通信接口获取该数据和/或信息，并对该数据和/或信息进行处理。该通信接口可以是该芯片上的输入/输出接口、接口电路、输出电路、输入电路、管脚或相关电路等。所述处理器也可以体现为处理电路或逻辑电路。
上述的芯片也可以替换为芯片系统，这里不再赘述。
本申请中的术语“包括”和“具有”以及他们的任何变形，意图在于覆盖不排他的包含，例如，包含了一系列步骤或单元的过程、方法、系统、产品或设备不必限于清楚地列出的那些步骤或单元，而是可包括没有清楚地列出的或对于这些过程、方法、产品或设备固有的其它步骤或单元。
本领域普通技术人员可以意识到，结合本文中所公开的实施例描述的各示例的单元及算法步骤，能够以电子硬件、或者计算机软件和电子硬件的结合来实现。这些功能究竟以硬件还是软件方式来执行，取决于技术方案的特定应用和设计约束条件。专业技术人员可以对每个特定的应用来使用不同方法来实现所描述的功能，但是这种实现不应认为超出本申请的范围。
所属领域的技术人员可以清楚地了解到，为描述的方便和简洁，上述描述的系统、装置和单元的具体工作过程，可以参考前述方法实施例中的对应过程，在此不再赘述。
在本申请所提供的几个实施例中，应该理解到，所揭露的系统、装置和方法，可以通过其它的方式实现。例如，以上所描述的装置实施例仅仅是示意性的，例如，所述单元的划分，仅仅为一种逻辑功能划分，实际实现时可以有另外的划分方式，例如多个单元或组件可以结合或者可以集成到另一个系统，或一些特征可以忽略，或不执行。另一点，所显示或讨论的相互之间的耦合或直接耦合或通信连接可以是通过一些接口，装置或单元的间接耦合或通信连接，可以是电性，机械或其它的形式。
所述作为分离部件说明的单元可以是或者也可以不是物理上分开的，作为单元显示的部件可以是或者也可以不是物理单元，即可以位于一个地方，或者也可以分布到多个网络单元上。可以根据实际的选择其中的部分或者全部单元来实现本实施例方案的目的。
另外，在本申请各个实施例中的各功能单元可以集成在一个处理单元中，也可以是各个单元单独物理存在，也可以两个或两个以上单元集成在一个单元中。
所述功能如果以软件功能单元的形式实现并作为独立的产品销售或使用时，可以存储在一个计算机可读取存储介质中。基于这样的理解，本申请的技术方案本质上或者说对现有技术做出贡献的部分或者该技术方案的部分可以以软件产品的形式体现出来，该计算机软件产品存储在一个存储介质中，包括若干指令用以使得一台计算机设备(可以是个人计算机，服务器，或者网络设备等)执行本申请各个实施例所述方法的全部或部分步骤。而前述的存储介质包括：U盘、移动硬盘、只读存储器(read-only memory，ROM)、随机存取存储器(random access memory，RAM)、磁碟或者光盘等各种可以存储程序代码的介质。
另外，本申请的说明书和权利要求书及所述附图中的术语“第一”和“第二”等是用于区别不同对象，而不是用于描述特定顺序。此外，术语“包括”和“具有”以及它们任何变形，意图在于覆盖不排他的包含。例如包含了一系列步骤或单元的过程、方法、系统、产品 或设备没有限定于已列出的步骤或单元，而是可选地还包括没有列出的步骤或单元，或可选地还包括对于这些过程、方法、产品或设备固有的其它步骤或单元。
尽管结合具体特征及其实施例对本申请进行了描述，显而易见的，在不脱离本申请的精神和范围的情况下，可对其进行各种修改和组合。相应地，本说明书和附图仅仅是所附权利要求所界定的本申请的示例性说明，且视为已覆盖本申请范围内的任意和所有修改、变化、组合或等同物。显然，本领域的技术人员可以对本申请进行各种改动和变型而不脱离本申请的精神和范围。这样，倘若本申请的这些修改和变型属于本申请权利要求及其等同技术的范围之内，则本申请也意图包含这些改动和变型在内。
以上所述，仅为本申请的具体实施方式，但本申请的保护范围并不局限于此，任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本申请揭露的技术范围内，可轻易想到变化或替换，都应涵盖在本申请的保护范围之内。因此，本申请的保护范围应以所述权利要求的保护范围为准。

Claims (28)

  1. 一种精度信息的发送方法，其特征在于，所述方法包括：
    第一网元从跟踪状态切换为保持状态；
    所述第一网元向第二网元发送状态信息，所述状态信息包括所述第一网元在所述保持状态下的精度信息。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，所述精度信息包括第一网元实时相位精度峰值信息，所述第一网元实时相位精度峰值信息用于指示所述第一网元在保持状态时的最大的实时的相位精度。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，所述精度信息包括频率精度信息，所述频率精度信息用于指示所述第一网元在所述保持状态下的频率偏移率。
  4. 根据权利要求1-3中任一项所述的方法，所述状态信息还包括所述第一网元的保持能力信息。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的方法，所述保持能力信息包括实时精度或阶梯精度。
  6. 根据权利要求4所述的方法，所述保持能力信息包括所述第一网元在第一误差范围内工作的时间长度。
  7. 根据权利要求1-6中任一项所述的方法，所述状态信息还包括所述第一网元的保持时长信息，所述保持时长信息用于表示所述第一网元在第二误差范围内工作的时长，所述第二误差范围与业务相关。
  8. 根据权利要求1-7中任一项所述的方法，所述状态信息还包括时钟参考源类型信息，所述时钟参考源类型信息包括所述第一网元适配的时钟参考源的参数。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的方法，所述时钟参考源类型信息包括以下中的一种或多种：所述第一网元适配的卫星接收机的模式，或者，所述第一网元适配的卫星接收机的频段。
  10. 根据权利要求1-9中任一项所述的方法，所述状态信息还包括本地源类型信息，所述本地源类型用于表示所述第一网元的本地振荡器的类型。
  11. 一种精度信息的发送方法，其特征在于，所述方法包括：
    第二网元从第一网元接收状态信息，所述状态信息包括所述第一网元在保持状态下的精度信息；
    所述第二网元根据所述精度信息，与所述第一网元进行时钟同步，或者，与所述第二网元进行时钟同步。
  12. 根据权利要求11所述的方法，所述精度信息包括第一网元实时相位精度峰值信息，所述第一网元实时相位精度峰值信息用于指示所述第一网元在所述保持状态时的最大的实时的相位精度。
  13. 根据权利要求12所述的方法，还包括：
    所述第二网元停止使用第一信息，所述第一信息为所述第一网元在跟踪状态时的精度信息。
  14. 根据权利要求11所述的方法，所述精度信息包括频率精度信息，所述频率精度信息用于指示所述第一网元在所述保持状态下的频率偏移率。
  15. 根据权利要求14所述的方法，还包括：
    所述第二网元根据所述频率精度信息调整时钟。
  16. 根据权利要求11-15中任一项所述的方法，所述状态信息还包括所述第一网元的保持能力信息；
    所述第二网元根据所述精度信息，与所述第一网元进行时钟同步，或者，与所述第二网元进行时钟同步，包括：
    所述第二网元根据所述保持能力信息和所述精度信息，与所述第一网元进行时钟同步，或者与所述第二网元进行时钟同步。
  17. 根据权利要求16所述的方法，所述保持能力信息包括所述第一网元的实时相位精度值或阶梯精度值。
  18. 根据权利要求16所述的方法，所述保持能力信息包括所述第一网元在第一误差范围内工作的时间长度。
  19. 根据权利要求11-18中任一项所述的方法，所述状态信息还包括所述第一网元的保持时长信息，所述保持时长信息用于表示所述第一网元在第二误差范围内工作的时长，所述第二误差范围与业务相关；
    所述第二网元根据所述精度信息，与所述第一网元进行时钟同步，或者，与所述第二网元进行时钟同步，包括：
    所述第二网元根据所述保持时长信息和所述精度信息，与所述第一网元进行时钟同步，或者与所述第二网元进行时钟同步。
  20. 根据权利要求11-19中任一项所述的方法，所述状态信息还包括时钟参考源类型信息，所述时钟参考源类型信息包括所述第一网元适配的时钟参考源的参数；
    所述第二网元根据所述精度信息，与所述第一网元进行时钟同步，或者，与所述第二网元进行时钟同步，包括：
    所述第二网元根据所述时钟参考源类型和所述精度信息，与所述第一网元进行时钟同步，或者与所述第二网元进行时钟同步。
  21. 根据权利要求20所述的方法，所述时钟参考源类型信息包括以下中的一种或多种：所述第一网元适配的卫星接收机的模式，或者，所述第一网元适配的卫星接收机的频段。
  22. 根据权利要求11-21中任一项所述的方法，所述状态信息还包括本地源类型信息，所述本地源类型信息用于表示所述第一网元的本地振荡器的类型；
    所述第二网元根据所述精度信息，与所述第一网元进行时钟同步，或者，与所述第二网元进行时钟同步，包括：
    所述第二网元根据所述本地源类型信息和所述精度信息，与所述第一网元进行时钟同步，或者与所述第二网元进行时钟同步。
  23. 一种通信装置，其特征在于，包括处理器；
    所述处理器用于从存储器中读取并运行程序，以实现如权利要求1-10中任一项所述的方法，或者，如权利要求11-22中任一项所述的方法。
  24. 一种通信系统，其特征在于，包括第一网元和第二网元，所述第一网元执行如权利要求1-10中任一项所述的方法，所述第二网元执行如权利要求11-22中任一项所述的方法。
  25. 一种计算机可读存储介质，所述计算机可读存储介质中存储有指令，当其在计算机上运行时，使得处理器执行如权利要求1-10中任一项所述的方法，或者，如权利要求11-22中任一项所述的方法。
  26. 一种包含指令的计算机程序产品，其特征在于，当其在计算机上运行时，使得计算机执行如权利要求1-10中任一项所述的方法，或者，如权利要求11-22中任一项所述的方法。
  27. 一种通信装置，其特征在于，所述通信装置用于执行如权利要求1-10中任一项所述的方法，或者，如权利要求11-22中任一项所述的方法。
  28. 一种芯片，其特征在于，所述芯片包括处理器和接口电路，所述接口电路和所述处理器耦合，所述处理器用于运行计算机程序或指令，使得如权利要求1-10中任一项所述的方法，或者，如权利要求11-22中任一项所述的方法被执行。
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