WO2023124350A1 - 电机机壳、电机及车辆 - Google Patents

电机机壳、电机及车辆 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023124350A1
WO2023124350A1 PCT/CN2022/123800 CN2022123800W WO2023124350A1 WO 2023124350 A1 WO2023124350 A1 WO 2023124350A1 CN 2022123800 W CN2022123800 W CN 2022123800W WO 2023124350 A1 WO2023124350 A1 WO 2023124350A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
main casing
flow path
end cover
motor
casing
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2022/123800
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
蒲晓敏
胡义明
杨通
徐旺
Original Assignee
安徽威灵汽车部件有限公司
广东威灵汽车部件有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 安徽威灵汽车部件有限公司, 广东威灵汽车部件有限公司 filed Critical 安徽威灵汽车部件有限公司
Publication of WO2023124350A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023124350A1/zh

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K5/00—Casings; Enclosures; Supports
    • H02K5/04—Casings or enclosures characterised by the shape, form or construction thereof
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K5/00—Casings; Enclosures; Supports
    • H02K5/04—Casings or enclosures characterised by the shape, form or construction thereof
    • H02K5/20—Casings or enclosures characterised by the shape, form or construction thereof with channels or ducts for flow of cooling medium
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K5/00—Casings; Enclosures; Supports
    • H02K5/04—Casings or enclosures characterised by the shape, form or construction thereof
    • H02K5/20—Casings or enclosures characterised by the shape, form or construction thereof with channels or ducts for flow of cooling medium
    • H02K5/203—Casings or enclosures characterised by the shape, form or construction thereof with channels or ducts for flow of cooling medium specially adapted for liquids, e.g. cooling jackets
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K9/00—Arrangements for cooling or ventilating
    • H02K9/19—Arrangements for cooling or ventilating for machines with closed casing and closed-circuit cooling using a liquid cooling medium, e.g. oil
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/64—Electric machine technologies in electromobility

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the technical field of motors, in particular, to a motor casing, a motor and a vehicle.
  • the motor includes a motor casing, a motor shaft, a rotor, a stator, etc.
  • the stator is installed in the motor casing
  • the rotor is installed on the motor shaft
  • the two ends of the motor shaft are supported in the motor casing through bearings.
  • the temperature rise of the bearings is a problem.
  • the motor shaft is often designed as a hollow shaft, and the cooling medium is sprayed from the inner oil passage of the hollow shaft to the bearing. Its service life is greatly reduced.
  • the present application aims to solve one of the above-mentioned technical problems in the prior art at least to a certain extent. For this reason, the present application proposes a motor casing, which can effectively solve the cooling problem of the bearing.
  • the present application also proposes a motor with the above-mentioned motor housing.
  • the present application further proposes a vehicle with the above motor.
  • the motor casing includes: a main casing, the casing wall of the main casing is provided with a main casing liquid inlet flow path extending along the axial direction of the main casing; a first end cover, the first The end cover is arranged on the first end of the main casing, the first end cover has a first bearing cavity; the flow path at the end of the main casing, the flow path at the end of the main casing includes a first flow path at the end and a second flow path at the end Two flow channels, the first flow channel at the end communicates with the liquid inlet flow channel of the main casing, the second flow channel at the end communicates with the first flow channel at the end, and the second flow channel at the end also communicates with the first flow channel at the end The flow paths of the first end cap are connected.
  • the first bearing cavity and the main casing liquid inlet flow path are connected by connecting the main casing liquid inlet flow path with the main casing end flow path and the first end cover flow path.
  • the cooling medium in the liquid inlet flow path of the main casing can enter the first bearing cavity through the first flow path at the end, the second flow path at the end, and the first end cover flow path, thereby solving the cooling problem of the bearing in the first end cover .
  • the first flow channel at the end is opened in the shell wall of the main casing and extends along the circumferential direction of the main casing, and the second flow channel at the end is opened at the end On the flow channel wall of the first flow channel.
  • the first flow channel at the end is opened on the end surface of the main casing and has an opening that opens outward along the axial direction of the main casing, and the first end cover is suitable for sealing Cover the opening.
  • the first flow channel at the end is opened in the first end cover and extends along the circumference of the first end cover, and the second flow channel at the end is opened at the end on the flow channel wall of the first flow channel.
  • the first flow channel at the end is opened on the end surface of the first end cover and has an opening that opens toward the main casing, and the main casing is adapted to cover the opening.
  • the second flow passage at the end extends along the axial direction of the main casing; or, in the axial direction of the main casing, the second flow passage at the end is inclined.
  • the central angle of the first flow channel at the end is greater than 0° and less than 180°.
  • the motor casing further includes a connecting pipe, the inner pipe of the connecting pipe forms the first flow passage at the end, and the opening at one end of the connecting pipe forms the second flow passage at the end .
  • the first end cover flow path is arranged obliquely, and the end of the first end cover flow path close to the first bearing cavity is closer than the end far away from the first bearing cavity. near the center of the main housing.
  • the first end cover flow path is a tapered flow path or a straight cylindrical flow path, and the diameter of the end of the first end cover flow path away from the first bearing cavity is greater than or equal to the diameter of the end close to the first end cap flow path.
  • One end diameter of a bearing cavity is a tapered flow path or a straight cylindrical flow path, and the diameter of the end of the first end cover flow path away from the first bearing cavity is greater than or equal to the diameter of the end close to the first end cap flow path.
  • the motor housing further includes: a second end cover, the second end cover is arranged at the second end of the main housing, the second end cover has a second bearing cavity and A second end cover flow path, the second end cover flow path communicates with the second bearing chamber and the main casing liquid inlet flow path.
  • the main casing has a motor accommodating cavity
  • the casing wall of the main casing is provided with a main casing return flow path
  • the first end cover has a The first return port communicates with both the shell return channels
  • the second end cover has a second return port that communicates with both the motor accommodating cavity and the main casing return channel.
  • liquid inlet flow path of the main casing is arranged in the top casing wall of the main casing, and the return flow path of the main casing is arranged in the bottom casing wall of the main casing.
  • the return flow path of the main casing extends along the axial direction of the main casing; or, the extension direction of the return flow path of the main casing has an included angle with the axial direction of the main casing, and the included angle is not greater than 30° °.
  • the second end cap flow path includes a first end cap flow path and an end cap second flow path
  • the first end cap flow path communicates with the main casing liquid inlet flow path
  • the The second flow channel of the end cover communicates with the first flow channel of the end cover
  • the second flow channel of the end cover extends to the second bearing chamber along the axial direction of the main casing in a direction close to the main casing.
  • the flow path of the second end cap also includes a third flow channel of the end cap, the third flow channel of the end cover communicates with the first flow channel of the end cover, and the third flow channel of the end cover is along the The axial direction of the casing extends away from the main casing to the outer surface of the second end cover.
  • the inner surface of the casing wall of the main casing is provided with a stator flow path of the main casing extending along the circumferential direction of the main casing, and the stator flow path of the main casing is connected with the inlet flow of the main casing.
  • the road connects.
  • the second end cover is detachably connected to the main casing.
  • the second end cover is integrally formed with the main casing.
  • the motor according to the embodiment of the second aspect of the present application includes the above-mentioned motor casing, the main casing is provided with a motor spindle, and the first bearing cavity is provided with a first bearing for supporting the first end of the motor spindle , the second end of the motor shaft is supported by the second bearing in the second bearing cavity.
  • a vehicle according to an embodiment of the third aspect of the present application includes the above-mentioned motor.
  • Fig. 1 is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of a motor casing according to an embodiment of the present application
  • Fig. 2 is a sectional view of a motor casing according to an embodiment of the present application
  • Fig. 3 is a sectional view of the main casing
  • Fig. 4 is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of a first viewing angle of the main casing
  • Fig. 5 is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of a second viewing angle of the main casing
  • Fig. 6 is a schematic perspective view of a first end cap
  • Figure 7 is a cross-sectional view of the first end cap
  • Fig. 8 is a perspective view of a second end cap
  • Fig. 9 is a cross-sectional view of a second end cap
  • Fig. 10 is a schematic diagram of the flow path at the end of the main casing
  • Fig. 11 is a schematic diagram of a vehicle.
  • Motor 100 main casing 1, main casing liquid inlet channel 11, first inlet branch 111, second inlet branch 112, main casing return path 12, main casing end flow path 13, end first flow path 131, the second flow channel 132 at the end, the stator flow channel 14 of the main casing, the first flange 15, the positioning flange 151, the second flange 16, the second threaded hole 17, the motor accommodation cavity 18, the first end cover 2 , the first bearing cavity 21, the first end cover flow path 22, the first return port 23, the positioning groove 24, the first mounting hole 25, the first arm 26, the first groove 27, the first flange 28, the first Two end caps 3, second bearing cavity 31, second end cap flow path 32, second return port 33, end cap outflow hole 34, second mounting hole 35, second flange 36, end cap first flow path 51 , the second flow channel 52 of the end cover, the third flow channel 53 of the end cover, the motor inlet 101 , the motor outlet 102 , the first bearing 20 , the second bearing 30 , the motor main shaft 40 , and the wheel 50
  • first and second are used for descriptive purposes only, and cannot be interpreted as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the quantity of indicated technical features. Thus, a feature defined as “first” and “second” may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of these features.
  • “plurality” means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise specifically defined.
  • the motor casing may include: a main casing 1 and a first end cover 2 .
  • the casing wall of the main casing 1 is provided with a main casing liquid inlet flow path 11, and in some embodiments, the main casing liquid inlet flow path 11 is suitable for extending along the axial direction of the main casing 1, that is, along the front and back sides of the main casing 1. direction extension. In some other embodiments, in the axial direction of the main casing 1 , the extension direction of the main casing liquid inlet channel 11 is arranged obliquely.
  • the liquid inlet passage 11 of the main casing is adapted to communicate with the motor inlet 101 of the motor casing, that is, the cooling medium can enter the liquid inlet passage 11 of the main casing from the motor inlet 101 .
  • the motor inlet 101 can be located in the middle of the main casing liquid inlet flow path 11, so that the cooling medium coming in from the motor inlet flow path 101 can flow to both ends simultaneously along the main casing liquid inlet flow path 11, which is beneficial to improve the cooling medium reach Efficiency at both ends of the liquid inlet channel 11 of the main casing.
  • the cooling medium may be cooling liquid, such as cooling oil, or cooling gas.
  • the first end of the main casing 1 is provided with a first end cover 2 , as shown in FIGS. 1-2 , the first end cover 2 is located at the front end of the main casing 1 .
  • the first end of the main casing 1 is provided with a first flange 15, and the first flange 15 has an annular positioning flange 151.
  • One end cap 2 has an annular positioning groove 24, and the positioning flange 151 is suitable for positioning the first end cap 2.
  • the positioning flange 151 can be nested in the positioning groove 24 of the first end cap 2, so as to The relative positioning of the main casing 1 and the first end cover 2 is realized.
  • first end cover 2 and the first flange 15 can also be detachably connected by fasteners such as bolts.
  • the first end cover 2 can be provided with a first installation hole 25, and fasteners such as bolts pass through the first installation hole 25 and then fastened to the first flange 15 of the main casing 1, so as to The installation of the main casing 1 and the first end cover 2 is realized.
  • first mounting holes 25 there may be a plurality of first mounting holes 25, and the plurality of first mounting holes 25 are arranged at intervals along the axis of the first end cover 2, which facilitates the connection between the first end cover 2 and the first flange 15. Firmness.
  • a plurality of first mounting holes 25 can be arranged at equal intervals along the axis of the first end cover 2, thereby making the connection stress distribution between the first end cover 2 and the first flange 15 more uniform, which is beneficial to improve Stress situation of the first end cover 2 and the first flange 15 .
  • the first end cap 2 can include a first end cap body and a first flange 28, the first flange 28 is arranged on the end of the first end cap body, such as the front end, and the first flange 28 is arranged along the first end cap body. Extending radially outward, the first installation hole 25 is opened on the first flange 28 .
  • the first end cap 2 has a first end cap flow path 22 and a first bearing cavity 21, one end of the first end cap flow path 22 communicates with the first bearing cavity 21, the first The other end of the end cover flow path 22 is connected to the main casing liquid inlet flow path 11 , so that the first bearing cavity 21 and the main casing liquid inlet flow path 11 are communicated through the first end cap flow path 22 .
  • the first bearing 20 is arranged in the first bearing cavity 21, and the first bearing 20 is used to support the first end of the motor main shaft 40.
  • a bearing cavity 21 is used to cool the first bearing 20 in the first bearing cavity 21 .
  • the cooling medium is cooling oil
  • the first bearing 20 can also be lubricated while cooling the first bearing 20, so as to ensure that the service life of the first bearing 20 can be extended when the first bearing 20 works in a high-intensity working environment.
  • the first end cover 2 has a first arm 26, and a first groove 27 is formed on the first arm 26, and the first groove 27 is suitable for connecting with the liquid inlet channel 11 of the main casing. alignment, so that the cooling medium flowing from the main casing inlet flow path 11 can be buffered in the first groove 27, and the first groove 27 is also communicated with the first end cover flow path 22, thereby facilitating the first groove The cooling medium at 27 flows into the first end cap flow path 22 .
  • the first arm 26 is formed as part of the first flange 28 .
  • the motor casing according to the embodiment of the present application may further include: a second end cover 3 .
  • the second end of the main casing 1 is provided with a second end cover 3 , as shown in FIGS. 1-2 , the second end cover 3 is located at the rear end of the main casing 1 .
  • the second end of the main casing 1 is provided with a second flange 16, and the second end cover 3 and the second flange 16 can be bolted. and other fasteners to achieve detachable connection.
  • the second end cover 3 may be provided with a second mounting hole 35, the second end face of the second flange 16 is provided with a second threaded hole 17, and the second mounting hole 35 Corresponding to the position and quantity of the second threaded holes 17 one by one, fasteners such as bolts pass through the second mounting holes 35 and then screwed into the corresponding second threaded holes 17 to realize the installation of the main casing 1 and the second end cover 3 .
  • a plurality of second mounting holes 35 there may be a plurality of second mounting holes 35, and the plurality of second mounting holes 35 are arranged at intervals along the axis of the second end cover 3, which facilitates the connection between the second end cover 3 and the second flange 16. Firmness.
  • a plurality of second mounting holes 35 can be arranged at equal intervals along the axis of the second end cover 3, thereby making the connection stress distribution between the second end cover 3 and the second flange 16 more uniform, which is conducive to improving the Stress situation of the second end cover 3 and the second flange 16 .
  • the second end cap 3 can include a second end cap body and a second flange 36, the second flange 36 is arranged on the end of the second end cap body, such as the rear end, and the second flange 36 is arranged along the second end cap.
  • the radial direction of the main body extends outward, and the second installation hole 35 is opened on the second flange 36 .
  • Fig. 8-Fig. The other end of the end cover flow path 32 is connected to the main casing liquid inlet flow path 11 , so that the second bearing chamber 31 and the main casing liquid inlet flow path 11 are communicated through the second end cap flow path 32 .
  • a second bearing 30 is arranged in the second bearing chamber 31, and the second bearing 30 is used to support the second end of the motor main shaft 40.
  • the second bearing cavity 31 is used to cool the second bearing 30 in the second bearing cavity 31 .
  • the cooling medium is cooling oil
  • the second bearing 30 can be lubricated while cooling the second bearing 30 , so as to ensure that the service life of the second bearing 30 can be extended when the second bearing 30 works in a high-intensity working environment.
  • the first bearing cavity 21 and the second The bearing cavities 31 are all in direct communication with the main casing liquid inlet flow path 11, and the cooling medium in the main casing liquid inlet flow path 11 can enter the first bearing cavity 21 through the first end cover flow path 22 to cool the first bearing 20, and also It can enter the second bearing cavity 31 through the second end cover flow path 32 to cool the second bearing 30.
  • This reasonable flow path design can effectively solve the bearing cooling problem.
  • the cooling medium is cooling oil, it can also effectively solve the lubrication problem of the bearing.
  • the flow path is formed inside the main casing 1 , the first end cover 2 and the second end cover 3 , which can also save the use of cooling pipes.
  • the motor casing according to the embodiment of the present application may further include a flow path 13 at the end of the main casing.
  • At least one end of the main casing 1 is provided with a main casing end flow path 13 .
  • the flow path 13 at the end of the main casing may only be provided at the first end of the main casing 1; in other optional embodiments, the flow path at the end of the main casing
  • the channel 13 may also be provided only at the second end of the main casing 1 ; Among them, the "first end" is the front end, and the “second end” is the back end.
  • the liquid inlet flow path 11 of the main casing can communicate with the flow path 13 at the end of the main casing, that is to say, the cooling medium that enters the liquid inlet flow path 11 of the main casing from the motor inlet 101 can further enter the flow path at the end of the main casing 13 in.
  • the flow path 13 at the end of the main casing can connect the liquid inlet flow path 11 of the main casing with the end cover flow path at the corresponding end, so that the cooling medium in the liquid inlet flow path 11 of the main casing can reach the corresponding end through the flow path 13 at the end of the main casing. In the flow path of the end cover, and then reach the bearing cavity of the corresponding end cover.
  • only the first end of the main casing 1 is provided with a flow path 13 at the end of the main casing, and the flow path 13 at the end of the main casing at the first end is used to communicate with the flow path 22 of the first end cover.
  • the liquid inlet channel 11 of the main casing The cooling medium in the liquid inlet flow path 11 of the main casing reaches the flow path 22 of the first end cover through the end flow path 13 of the main casing at the first end, and then reaches the first bearing cavity 21 of the first end cover 2, so as to The first bearing 20 in a bearing cavity 21 is cooled.
  • the main casing end flow path 13 is used to connect the main casing liquid inlet flow path 11 with the first end cap flow path 22, which can better cool the first end cap 2, and then better cool the first end cap 2.
  • the inner first bearing 20 is cooled.
  • only the second end of the main casing 1 is provided with the flow path 13 at the end of the main casing, and the flow path 13 at the end of the main casing at the second end is used to communicate with the flow path 32 of the second end cover and The liquid inlet channel 11 of the main casing.
  • the cooling medium in the liquid inlet flow path 11 of the main casing reaches the flow path 32 of the second end cover through the end flow path 13 of the main casing at the second end, and then reaches the second bearing cavity 31 of the second end cover 3, so that the second The second bearing 30 in the bearing cavity 31 is cooled.
  • the main casing end flow path 13 is provided at the first end and the second end of the main casing 1, and the main casing end flow path 13 at the first end is used to communicate with the first end.
  • the cover flow path 22 is connected to the liquid inlet flow path 11 of the main casing, and the main casing end flow path 13 at the second end is used to communicate with the second end cover flow path 32 and the liquid inlet flow path 11 of the main casing.
  • the cooling medium in the liquid inlet flow path 11 of the main casing reaches the flow path 22 of the first end cover through the end flow path 13 of the main casing at the first end, and reaches the flow path of the second end cover through the end flow path 13 of the main casing at the second end. 32, and then reach the first bearing cavity 21 of the first end cover 2 and the second bearing cavity 31 of the second end cover 3, so as to match the first bearing 20 in the first bearing cavity 21 and the second bearing cavity 31
  • the second bearing 30 is cooled.
  • the flow path 13 at the end of the main casing is used to connect the liquid inlet flow path 11 of the main casing with the end cover flow path at the corresponding end, which can better cool the end cover at the corresponding end, and further Better cooling of the bearings in the corresponding end shield.
  • the flow path 13 at the end of the main casing may include a first flow path 131 at the end and a second flow path 132 at the end.
  • the first flow path 131 at the end is connected to the main casing liquid inlet
  • the flow path 11 is connected, and the cooling medium entering the liquid inlet flow path 11 of the main casing from the motor inlet 101 can further enter the first flow path 131 at the end.
  • the second end flow channel 132 is opened on the flow channel wall of the end first flow channel 131, the end first flow channel 131 communicates with the end second flow channel 132, and the cooling medium in the end first flow channel 131 can further enter to the second flow channel 132 at the end.
  • the second flow passage 132 at the end part is also connected with the flow passage of the end cover at the corresponding end, so that the cooling medium in the second flow passage 132 at the end part can further enter the flow passage of the end cover at the corresponding end, so that the bearing at the corresponding end cool down.
  • the first flow passage 131 at the end is opened in the shell wall of the main casing 1 , and the first flow passage 131 at the end is adapted to extend along the circumferential direction of the main casing 1 .
  • the first flow passage 131 at the end is opened on the end surface of the main casing 1, and the first flow passage 131 at the end has an opening, which opens outward along the axial direction of the main casing 1, corresponding to An end cap at the end is adapted to close the opening.
  • the end first flow channel 131 may be formed by cutting a groove on the end surface of the main casing 1, and the opening is formed as a notch of the groove.
  • only the first end of the main casing 1 is provided with the main casing end flow path 13 , and the first end cover 2 is adapted to cover the opening.
  • only the second end of the main casing 1 is provided with the flow path 13 at the end of the main casing, and the second end cover 3 is adapted to cover the opening.
  • both the first end and the second end of the main casing 1 are provided with a flow path 13 at the end of the main casing 1, and the first end cover 2 is adapted to cover the first flow path at the end of the first end.
  • the channel 131 is open, and the second end cap 3 is adapted to cover the opening of the first channel 131 at the end of the second end.
  • the first flow channel 131 at the end is opened in the first end cover 2 , and the first flow channel 131 at the end is adapted to extend along the circumferential direction of the first end cover 2 .
  • the first flow channel 131 at the end is opened on the end surface of the first end cover 2, and the first flow channel 131 at the end has an opening, and the opening is opened toward the main casing 1, and the main casing 1 is suitable for covering the opening. mouth.
  • the first flow channel 131 at the end can be formed by cutting a groove on the end surface of the first end cover 2 , and the opening is formed as a notch of the groove.
  • the second flow channel 132 at the end is adapted to extend along the axial direction of the main casing 1 , that is, along the front-to-back direction of the main casing 1 . In some other embodiments, in the axial direction of the main housing 1 , the second flow channel 132 at the end is inclined.
  • the first flow channel 131 at the end at least partially surrounds the end cover at the corresponding end, and when the cooling medium flows through the first flow channel 131 at the end, the end cover at the corresponding end can be cooled, thereby indirectly cooling the bearing in the corresponding end cover , which is beneficial to the heat dissipation of the motor casing.
  • the central angle of the first flow channel 131 at the end is ⁇ , and ⁇ satisfies the relationship: 0° ⁇ 180°.
  • ⁇ is greater than 180°, the flow resistance in the first flow channel 131 at the end will be too large, which is not conducive to the flow of the cooling medium.
  • ⁇ may be 30°, 45°, 75°, 90°, etc.
  • ⁇ further satisfies the relational formula: 90° ⁇ 180°, that is to say, the central angle ⁇ is an obtuse angle, so that the first flow channel 131 at the end will be carried out by a small part of the corresponding end cover. surrounded.
  • ⁇ may be 120°, 135°, 150°, 175° and so on.
  • the motor casing and the motor casing further include a connecting pipe, the inner pipe of the connecting pipe forms the first flow channel 131 at the end, and the second flow channel 132 at the end is formed by opening one end of the connecting pipe.
  • the end cover flow path communicated with the second flow channel 132 at the end is inclined, and the end of the end cover flow path (that is, the inner end) close to the corresponding bearing cavity is smaller than the end cover flow path. The end (that is, the outer end) away from the corresponding bearing cavity is closer to the center of the main casing 1 .
  • the outer end of the end cap flow path communicated with the second end flow channel 132 is closer to the end of the main casing 1 , and the inner end of the end cap flow path communicated with the end second flow path 132 is closer to the main casing 1 center. In this way, the cooling medium in the second flow channel 132 at the end can be guided to the corresponding bearing cavity by the flow channel of the end cover.
  • only the second end of the main casing 1 is provided with the flow path 13 at the end of the main casing.
  • the end portion of the second flow channel 132 is connected, and the inner end of the second end cover flow channel 32 is closer to the center of the main casing 1 than the outer end of the second end cover flow channel 32 .
  • the first end and the second end of the main casing 1 are provided with a main casing end flow path 13, therefore, the first end cover flow path 22 and the first end main casing end
  • the end of the flow path 13 communicates with the second flow path 132
  • the inner end of the first end cap flow path 22 is closer to the center of the main casing 1 than the outer end of the first end cap flow path 22
  • the second end cap flow path 32 is connected to the
  • the second flow passage 132 at the end of the flow passage 13 at the end of the main casing at the second end communicates with the second flow passage 132
  • the inner end of the second end cover flow passage 32 is closer to the center of the main casing 1 than the outer end of the second end cover flow passage 32 .
  • the end cover flow path communicated with the second flow channel 132 at the end is a tapered flow path, and the diameter of the end cover flow path away from the corresponding bearing cavity (that is, the diameter of the outer end) is larger than that of the end cover flow path close to the corresponding bearing cavity.
  • the diameter of one end (that is, the diameter of the inner end), which can reduce the flow area at the inner end of the flow path of the end cover, thereby increasing the flow rate of the cooling medium at the inner end, and the cooling medium entering the corresponding bearing cavity from the inner end is faster, which can Accelerate the cooling of the bearing, and at the same time, it can also form a flush on the bearing to wash off the dirt on the bearing.
  • the flow path of the end cap communicating with the second flow channel 132 at the end is formed as a tapered flow path, thereby avoiding the problem of difficult processing caused by the small diameter of the flow path.
  • the end cover flow path communicated with the second flow channel 132 at the end is a straight cylindrical flow path, and the diameter of the end cover flow path away from the corresponding bearing cavity (that is, the diameter of the outer end) is equal to the diameter of the end cover flow path close to the corresponding bearing cavity.
  • the diameter of one end (that is, the diameter of the inner end) is convenient for one-time processing and forming, which is conducive to simplifying the processing procedure.
  • the flow path 22 of the first end cover communicates with the second flow path 132 at the end,
  • the outer end diameter of the first end cap flow path 22 is larger than the inner end diameter of the first end cap flow path 22 .
  • only the second end of the main casing 1 is provided with the flow path 13 at the end of the main casing. Therefore, the flow path 32 of the second end cover communicates with the second flow path 132 at the end, and the second The outer end diameter of the end cap flow path 32 is larger than the inner end diameter of the second end cap flow path 32 .
  • the first end and the second end of the main casing 1 are provided with the end flow path 13 of the main casing, therefore, the first end cover flow path 22 is the second end of the first end.
  • the two flow passages 132 communicate, the outer end diameter of the first end cap flow passage 22 is larger than the inner end diameter of the first end cap flow passage 22, the second end cover flow passage 32 communicates with the second end second flow passage 132 at the second end, The outer end diameter of the second end cap flow path 32 is larger than the inner end diameter of the second end cap flow path 32 .
  • a main casing return passage 12 is provided in the casing wall of the main casing 1 , and the main casing return passage 12 is adapted to extend along the axial direction of the main casing 1 , that is, along the front-to-back direction of the main casing 1 .
  • the first end cover 2 has a first return port 23, and the first return port 23 is adapted to communicate with both the return flow path 12 of the main casing and the motor housing cavity 18, and the redundant cooling medium in the motor housing cavity 18 can enter through the first return port 23
  • the main casing returns to the flow path 12 .
  • the second end cover 3 has a second return port 33, and the second return port 33 is adapted to communicate with both the return flow path 12 of the main casing and the motor housing cavity 18, and the redundant cooling medium in the motor housing cavity 18 can enter through the second return port 33
  • the main casing returns to the flow path 12 .
  • the return flow path 12 of the main casing is adapted to communicate with the motor outlet 102 of the motor casing, so as to recover and recirculate excess cooling medium in the motor housing cavity 18 .
  • the second end cover 3 is provided with an end cover outlet hole 34, and the end cover outlet hole 34 and the return flow path 12 of the main casing are aligned with and communicated with the motor outlet 102, so that the main engine The cooling medium in the shell return path 12 reaches the motor outlet 102 through the outlet hole 34 of the end cover.
  • the liquid inlet flow path 11 of the main casing and the return flow path 12 of the main casing are both arranged in the shell wall of the main casing 1.
  • the liquid inlet flow path 11 of the main casing is arranged In the top shell wall of the shell 1, the motor inlet 101 is also opened on the top shell wall of the main shell 1, the main shell return flow path 12 is arranged in the bottom shell wall of the main shell 1, and the motor outlet 102 is also located on the motor machine. bottom of the shell.
  • the cooling medium is injected from the top of the motor casing, and the cooling medium is recovered from the bottom of the motor casing.
  • the structure is reasonable and the space can be fully utilized.
  • the return flow path 12 of the main casing extends along the axial direction of the main casing 1; or in other embodiments, the extension direction of the return flow path 12 of the main casing intersects with the axial direction of the main casing 1 and has an included angle.
  • the included angle is not greater than 30°.
  • the included angle may be 10°, 20°, etc.
  • At least one of the second end cap flow path 32 and the first end cap flow path 22 includes a first end cap flow path 51 and an end cap second flow path 52 , and the end cap first flow path 51 It communicates with the liquid inlet channel 11 of the main casing, the second flow channel 52 of the end cover communicates with the first flow channel 51 of the end cover, and the second flow channel 52 of the end cover extends along the axial direction of the main casing 1 in a direction close to the main casing 1 to the corresponding bearing cavity.
  • the second end cap flow path 32 includes the end cap first flow channel 51 and the end cap second flow channel 52 .
  • only the first end cap flow path 22 includes the end cap first flow channel 51 and the end cap second flow channel 52 .
  • both the second end cap flow path 32 and the first end cap flow path 22 include a first end cap flow path 51 and an end cap second flow path 52 .
  • first end cap flow path 22 and the second end cap flow path 32 may also include a third end cap flow path 53, through which the first end cap flow path 51 realizes the corresponding The exteriors of the end caps are connected.
  • one end of the third flow channel 53 of the end cover communicates with the first flow channel 51 of the end cover.
  • the other end of the channel 53 extends to the outer surface of the corresponding end cap.
  • the third flow channel 53 of the end cover is used to connect structures other than the motor casing, such as a reducer and the like.
  • only the second end cap flow path 32 includes a first end cap flow path 51, an end cap second flow path 52, and an end cap third flow path 53, and the end cap third flow path
  • the front end of the end cap 53 communicates with the first flow passage 51 of the end cap, and the rear end of the third flow passage 53 of the end cap extends to the outer surface of the second end cap 3 .
  • only the first end cap flow path 22 includes the first end cap flow path 51, the end cap second flow path 52 and the end cap third flow path 53, and the end cap third flow path 53
  • the rear end communicates with the first flow channel 51 of the end cover, and the front end of the third flow channel 53 of the end cover extends to the outer surface of the first end cover 2 .
  • both the second end cap flow path 32 and the first end cap flow path 22 include a first end cap flow path 51 , an end cap second flow path 52 and an end cap third flow path 53 ,
  • the front end of the third end cap flow path 53 of the second end cap flow path 32 communicates with the end cap first flow path 51, and the rear end of the end cap third flow path 53 of the second end cap flow path 32 extends to the bottom of the second end cap 3.
  • the inner surface of the shell wall of the main shell 1 is provided with a main shell stator flow path 14, which is suitable for extending along the circumferential direction of the main shell 1, and the main shell stator flow path 14 is connected to the The liquid inlet flow path 11 of the main casing is connected, so that the cooling medium in the liquid inlet flow path 11 of the main casing can enter the stator flow path 14 of the main casing.
  • the stator flow path 14 of the main casing is also adapted to communicate with the stator groove on the outer peripheral surface of the stator core, so as to guide the cooling medium in the liquid inlet flow path 11 of the main casing to the stator groove through the stator flow path 14 of the main casing.
  • the main housing stator flow path 14 may be arranged along the entire circumference of the main housing 1 , or may be formed as a non-circumferential structure along the circumference of the main housing 1 according to actual needs.
  • the second end cover 3 is detachably connected to the main casing 1 .
  • FIG. 2 FIG. 5-FIG. 6, and FIG. and other fasteners to achieve detachable connection.
  • Fasteners such as bolts pass through the second mounting hole 35 on the second flange 36 of the second end cover 3 and are fastened in the second threaded hole 17 on the second flange 16 to realize the second end cover 3 Detachable connection to the second flange 16 .
  • the second end cover 3 may also be integrally formed with the main casing 1 . Therefore, the number of parts and the number of connecting parts can be reduced, the overall weight can be reduced, and the cost can be reduced.
  • the motor housing includes: a main housing 1 , a first end cover 2 and a second end cover 3 .
  • the top casing wall of the main casing 1 is provided with a main casing liquid inlet flow path 11, and the main casing liquid inlet flow path 11 extends along the axial direction of the main casing 1, and the middle part of the main casing liquid inlet flow path 11 is connected with the motor casing.
  • the motor inlet 101 is connected, and the cooling oil coming in from the motor inlet 101 can flow to both ends along the main casing inlet flow path 11 at the same time.
  • the first end cover 2 is arranged on the front end of the main casing 1 .
  • the front end of the main casing 1 is provided with a first flange 15, the first flange 15 has an annular positioning flange 151, the first end cover 2 has an annular positioning groove 24, and the positioning flange 151 is nested in the first end cover 2 In the positioning groove 24, to realize the relative positioning of the main casing 1 and the first end cover 2.
  • the first end cap 2 may include a first end cap body and a first flange 28, the first flange 28 is arranged at the front end of the first end cap body, and the first flange 28 is arranged along the radial direction of the first end cap body.
  • the first flange 28 is provided with a plurality of first installation holes 25, and fasteners such as bolts pass through the first installation holes 25 and then fastened on the first flange 15 of the main casing 1, so as to realize the installation of the main casing. 1 and the installation of the first end cap 2.
  • the second end cover 3 is disposed on the rear end of the main casing 1 .
  • the second end of the main casing 1 is provided with a second flange 16, and the second end surface of the second flange 16 is provided with a plurality of second threaded holes 17, and the second end cover 3 includes a second end cover body and a second flip.
  • the second flange 36 is arranged on the rear end of the second end cap body, and the second flange 36 extends outward along the radial direction of the second end cap body, and the second flange 36 is provided with a plurality of second Mounting hole 35, the second mounting hole 35 corresponds to the position and quantity of the second threaded hole 17 one by one, bolts and other fasteners pass through the second mounting hole 35 and then screw into the corresponding second threaded hole 17 to realize the main casing 1 and the installation of the second end cap 3.
  • the front end of the main casing 1 is provided with a flow path 13 at the end of the main casing.
  • the flow path 13 at the end of the main casing includes a first flow path 131 at the end and a second flow path 132 at the end.
  • the first flow channel 131 at the end extends along the circumferential direction of the main casing 1
  • the central angle ⁇ of the first flow channel 131 at the end is 150°
  • the first flow channel 131 at the end communicates with the liquid inlet flow path 11 of the main casing
  • the second flow channel 132 at the end extends along the axial direction of the main casing 1
  • the second flow channel 132 at the end communicates with the first flow channel 131 at the end.
  • the first end cover 2 has a first end cover flow path 22 and a first bearing cavity 21, one end (ie, the inner end) of the first end cover flow path 22 communicates with the first bearing cavity 21, and the other end of the first end cover flow path 22 One end (ie, the outer end) communicates with the second flow channel 132 at the end.
  • the cooling oil in the liquid inlet flow path 11 of the main casing reaches the first end cover flow path 22 through the end first flow path 131 and the end second flow path 132, and then reaches the first bearing cavity 21 of the first end cover 2, To cool the first bearing 20 in the first bearing cavity 21 .
  • the inner end of the first end cap flow path 22 is closer to the center of the main casing 1 than the outer end of the first end cap flow path 22, and the diameter of the outer end of the first end cap flow path 22 is larger than that of the first end cap flow path 22. inner diameter.
  • the second end cover 3 has a second end cover flow channel 32 and a second bearing cavity 31, and the second end cover flow channel 32 includes a first end cover flow channel 51, an end cover second flow channel 52 and an end cover third flow channel 53 , the first flow channel 51 of the end cover communicates with the liquid inlet flow channel 11 of the main casing, the second flow channel 52 of the end cover communicates with the first flow channel 51 of the end cover, and the second flow channel 52 of the end cover is along the axial direction of the main casing 1
  • the direction close to the main casing 1 extends to the second bearing cavity 31, the front end of the third flow channel 53 of the end cover communicates with the first flow channel 51 of the end cover, and the rear end of the third flow channel 53 of the end cover extends to the bottom of the second end cover 3 The outer surface.
  • the main casing 1 has a motor accommodating cavity 18 , and the stator, rotor, and motor main shaft 40 are installed in the motor accommodating cavity 18 .
  • a main casing return flow path 12 is provided in the bottom casing wall of the main casing 1 , and the main casing return flow path 12 extends along the axial direction of the main casing 1 .
  • the first end cover 2 has a first return port 23, and the first return port 23 communicates with the return flow path 12 of the main casing and the motor housing chamber 18, and excess cooling oil in the motor housing chamber 18 can enter the main housing through the first return port 23 Return path 12.
  • the second end cover 3 has a second return port 33, and the second return port 33 communicates with the return flow path 12 of the main casing and the motor housing chamber 18, and excess cooling oil in the motor housing chamber 18 can enter the main housing through the second return port 33 Return path 12.
  • the return flow path 12 of the main casing communicates with the motor outlet 102 of the motor casing, so as to recover and reuse excess cooling oil in the motor accommodating cavity 18 .
  • the liquid inlet channel 11 of the main casing may include a first inflow branch 111 and a second inflow branch 112 .
  • the first inflow branch 111 extends along the axial direction of the main casing 1 .
  • the second inflow branch 112 is arranged at the rear end of the first inflow branch 111, and the second inflow branch 112 extends radially along the main casing 1, and the cooling oil coming in from the motor inlet 101 directly enters the inlet Flow through the first branch 111 , and flow backward from the first inflow branch 111 to reach the second inflow branch 112 , and then flow from the second inflow branch 112 to the first flow channel 51 of the end cap.
  • the motor 100 according to the embodiment of the second aspect of the present application includes the motor casing of the above embodiment.
  • the motor 100 of the embodiment of the present application by adopting the motor casing of the above embodiment, the problem of cooling and lubrication of the first bearing 20 and the second bearing 30 is solved, and the local temperature of the motor 100 caused by insufficient cooling and lubrication is avoided. Problems with excessive height or localized wear.
  • a vehicle 1000 according to an embodiment of the third aspect of the present application includes a vehicle body and the motor 100 of the above embodiment. Wheels 50 are installed on both sides of the vehicle body, and the motor 100 is installed on the vehicle body.
  • the first bearing 20 and the second bearing 30 of the motor 100 can obtain sufficient cooling medium, thereby ensuring the cooling effect and the lubricating effect.
  • the vehicle 1000 may be a new energy vehicle, where the new energy vehicle may include a pure electric vehicle, an extended-range electric vehicle, a hybrid vehicle with a main drive motor 100, a fuel cell electric vehicle, a hydrogen engine vehicle, and the like.
  • the new energy vehicle may include a pure electric vehicle, an extended-range electric vehicle, a hybrid vehicle with a main drive motor 100, a fuel cell electric vehicle, a hydrogen engine vehicle, and the like.

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Abstract

一种电机机壳、电机及车辆。该电机机壳包括：主机壳（1）、第一端盖（2），主机壳（1）的壳壁内设有主机壳进液流路（11）；第一端盖（2）具有第一轴承腔（21）和连通第一轴承腔（21）和主机壳进液流路（11）的第一端盖流路（22）；主机壳端部流路（13），主机壳端部流路（13）包括端部第一流道（131）和端部第二流道（132），端部第一流道（131）与主机壳进液流路（11）连通，端部第二流道（132）与端部第一流道（131）连通，端部第二流道（132）还与第一端盖流路（22）相连通。

Description

电机机壳、电机及车辆
本申请要求于2021年12月31日提交中国专利局、申请号为202111671650.5、发明名称为“电机机壳、电机及车辆”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在申请中。
技术领域
本申请涉及电机技术领域，具体而言，涉及一种电机机壳、电机及车辆。
 背景技术
电机包括电机机壳、电机主轴、转子、定子等，定子安装在电机机壳内，转子安装在电机主轴上，电机主轴的两端通过轴承被支撑在电机机壳内，轴承的温升是困扰设计者的难题之一，相关技术中，常将电机主轴设计为空心轴，并从空心轴的内部油道向轴承喷射冷却介质，这种方式对轴承的冷却有限，导致轴承温度过高，使得其使用寿命大大降低。
发明内容
本申请旨在至少在一定程度上解决现有技术中的上述技术问题之一。为此，本申请提出一种电机机壳，能够有效解决轴承的冷却问题。
本申请还提出了一种具有上述电机机壳的电机。
本申请又提出了一种具有上述电机的车辆。
根据本申请实施例的电机机壳包括：主机壳，所述主机壳的壳壁内设有沿所述主机壳的轴向延伸的主机壳进液流路；第一端盖，所述第一端盖设置在所述主机壳的第一端，所述第一端盖具有第一轴承腔；主机壳端部流路，所述主机壳端部流路包括端部第一流道和端部第二流道，所述端部第一流道与所述主机壳进液流路连通，所述端部第二流道与所述端部第一流道连通，所述端部第二流道还与所述第一端盖流路相连通。
根据本申请实施例的电机机壳，通过将主机壳的主机壳进液流路与主机壳端部流路、第一端盖流路、连通，使第一轴承腔与主机壳进液流路间接连通，主机壳进液流路的冷却介质能够通过端部第一流道、端部第二流道、第一端盖流路进入第一轴承腔，从而解决第一端盖内轴承的冷却问题。
根据本申请的一些实施例，所述端部第一流道开设在所述主机壳的壳壁内且沿所述主机壳的周向延伸，所述端部第二流道开设在所述端部第一流道的流道壁上。
根据本申请的一些实施例，所述端部第一流道开设在所述主机壳的端面上且具有沿所述主机壳的轴向向外敞开的敞口，所述第一端盖适于封盖所述敞口。
根据本申请的一些实施例，所述端部第一流道开设在所述第一端盖内且沿所述第一端盖的周向延伸，所述端部第二流道开设在所述端部第一流道的流道壁上。
可选地，所述端部第一流道开设在所述第一端盖的端面上且具有朝向所述主机壳敞开的敞口，所述主机壳适于封盖所述敞口。
根据本申请的一些实施例，所述端部第二流道沿所述主机壳的轴向延伸；或者，在所述主机壳的轴向上，所述端部第二流道倾斜设置。
可选地，所述端部第一流道的圆心角大于0°且小于180°。
根据本申请的一些实施例，所述电机机壳还包括连接管，所述连接管的内部管道形成所述端部第一流道，所述连接管的一端开口形成所述端部第二流道。
根据本申请的一些实施例，所述第一端盖流路倾斜设置，且所述第一端盖流路的靠近所述第一轴承腔的一端比其远离所述第一轴承腔的一端更加靠近所述主机壳的中心。
可选地，所述第一端盖流路为锥形流路或直筒形流路，所述第一端盖流路的远离所述第一轴承腔的一端直径大于或等于其靠近所述第一轴承腔的一端直径。
根据本申请的一些实施例，所述电机机壳还包括：第二端盖，所述第二端盖设置在所述主机壳的第二端，所述第二端盖具有第二轴承腔和第二端盖流路，所述第二端盖流路连通所述第二轴承腔和所述主机壳进液流路。
根据本申请的一些实施例，所述主机壳内具有电机容纳腔，所述主机壳的壳壁内设有主机壳回流路，所述第一端盖具有与所述电机容纳腔和所述主机壳回流路均连通的第一回流口，所述第二端盖具有与所述电机容纳腔和所述主机壳回流路均连通的第二回流口。
进一步地，所述主机壳进液流路设置在所述主机壳的顶部壳壁内，所述主机壳回流路设置在所述主机壳的底部壳壁内。
可选地，所述主机壳回流路沿所述主机壳的轴向延伸；或者，所述主机壳回流路的延伸方向与所述主机壳的轴向具有夹角，所述夹角不大于30°。
根据本申请的一些实施例，所述第二端盖流路包括端盖第一流道和端盖第二流道，所述端盖第一流道与所述主机壳进液流路连通，所述端盖第二流道与所述端盖第一流道连通，所述端盖第二流道沿所述主机壳的轴向向靠近所述主机壳的方向延伸至所述第二轴承腔。
进一步地，所述第二端盖流路还包括端盖第三流道，所述端盖第三流道与所述端盖第一流道连通，所述端盖第三流道沿所述主机壳的轴向向远离所述主机壳的方向延伸至所述第二端盖的外表面。
根据本申请的一些实施例，所述主机壳的壳壁内表面设有沿所述主机壳的周向延伸的主机壳定子流路，所述主机壳定子流路与所述主机壳进液流路连通。
根据本申请的一些实施例，所述第二端盖与所述主机壳通过可拆卸的方式实现连接。
根据本申请的一些实施例，所述第二端盖与所述主机壳一体成型。
根据本申请第二方面实施例的电机，包括上述的电机机壳，所述主机壳内设置有电机主轴，所述第一轴承腔内设置有用于支撑所述电机主轴第一端的第一轴承，所述电机主轴的第二端被第二轴承腔内的第二轴承支撑。
根据本申请第三方面实施例的车辆，包括上述的电机。
本申请的附加方面和优点将在下面的描述中部分给出，部分将从下面的描述中变得明显，或通过本申请的实践了解到。
 附图说明
图1是根据本申请实施例的电机机壳的立体示意图；
图2是根据本申请实施例的电机机壳的剖视图；
图3是主机壳的剖视图；
图4是主机壳第一视角的立体示意图；
图5是主机壳第二视角的立体示意图；
图6是第一端盖的立体示意图；
图7是第一端盖的剖视图；
图8是第二端盖的立体示意图；
图9是第二端盖的剖视图；
图10是主机壳端部流路的示意图；
图11是车辆的示意图。
附图标记：
电机100、主机壳1、主机壳进液流路11、进流第一支路111、进流第二支路112、主机壳回流路12、主机壳端部流路13、端部第一流道131、端部第二流道132、主机壳定子流路14、第一法兰15、定位凸边151、第二法兰16、第二螺纹孔17、电机容纳腔18、第一端盖2、第一轴承腔21、第一端盖流路22、第一回流口23、定位槽24、第一安装孔25、第一支臂26、第一凹槽27、第一翻边28、第二端盖3、第二轴承腔31、第二端盖流路32、第二回流口33、端盖出流孔34、第二安装孔35、第二翻边36、端盖第一流道51、端盖第二流道52、端盖第三流道53、电机进流口101、电机出流口102、第一轴承20、第二轴承30、电机主轴40、车轮50。
 本发明的实施方式
下面详细描述本申请的实施例，所述实施例的示例在附图中示出，其中自始至终相同或类似的标号表示相同或类似的元件或具有相同或类似功能的元件。下面通过参考附图描述的实施例是示例性的，旨在用于解释本申请，而不能理解为对本申请的限制。
在本申请的描述中，需要理解的是，术语“纵向”、“横向”、“长度”、“宽度”、“厚度”、“上”、“下”、“前”、“后”、“左”、“右”、“竖直”、“水平”、“顶”、“底”、“内”、“外”等指示的方位或位置关系为基于附图所示的方位或位置关系，仅是为了便于描述本申请和简化描述，而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作，因此不能理解为对本申请的限制。
此外，术语“第一”、“第二”仅用于描述目的，而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性或者隐含指明所指示的技术特征的数量。由此，限定有“第一”、“第二”的特征可以明示或者隐含地包括一个或者更多个该特征。在本申请的描述中，“多个”的含义是至少两个，例如两个，三个等，除非另有明确具体的限定。
下面结合图1-图11详细描述根据本申请实施例的电机机壳、电机以及车辆。
参照图1-图2所示，根据本申请实施例的电机机壳可以包括：主机壳1、第一端盖2。
其中，主机壳1的壳壁内设置有主机壳进液流路11，在一些实施例中，主机壳进液流路11适于沿主机壳1的轴向延伸，即沿主机壳1的前后方向延伸。在另一些实施例中，在主机壳1的轴向上，主机壳进液流路11的延伸方向倾斜设置。
主机壳进液流路11适于与电机机壳的电机进流口101连通，也就是说，冷却介质能够从电机进流口101进入主机壳进液流路11中。电机进流口101可以位于主机壳进液流路11的中部，这样，从电机进流口101进来的冷却介质能够沿主机壳进液流路11同时向两端流动，有利于提高冷却介质到达主机壳进液流路11两端端部的效率。
可选地，冷却介质可以是冷却液体，如冷却油，也可以是冷却气体等。
主机壳1的第一端设置有第一端盖2，参照图1-图2所示，第一端盖2位于主机壳1的前端。在具体实施例中，结合图1-图2、图4-图6所示，主机壳1的第一端设置有第一法兰15，第一法兰15具有环形的定位凸边151，第一端盖2具有环形的定位槽24，定位凸边151适于对第一端盖2进行定位，具体而言，定位凸边151可以嵌套在第一端盖2的定位槽24内，以实现主机壳1与第一端盖2的相对定位。
并且，第一端盖2与第一法兰15还可以利用螺栓等紧固件实现可拆卸连接。参照图4-图6所示，第一端盖2上可以设置第一安装孔25，螺栓等紧固件穿设第一安装孔25后紧固于主机壳1的第一法兰15，以实现主机壳1与第一端盖2的安装。
可选地，第一安装孔25可以是多个，多个第一安装孔25沿第一端盖2的轴线间隔开布置，这样有利于提升第一端盖2与第一法兰15的连接牢固程度。在一些实施例中，多个第一安装孔25可以沿第一端盖2的轴线等间隔布置，由此使得第一端盖2与第一法兰15的连接应力布置更加均匀，有利于改善第一端盖2与第一法兰15的受力情况。
第一端盖2可以包括第一端盖本体和第一翻边28，第一翻边28设置在第一端盖本体的端部，比如前端，且第一翻边28沿第一端盖本体的径向向外延伸，第一安装孔25开设在第一翻边28上。
参照图2、图6-图7所示，第一端盖2具有第一端盖流路22以及第一轴承腔21，第一端盖流路22的一端连通第一轴承腔21，第一端盖流路22的另一端连通主机壳进液流路11，从而使得第一轴承腔21以及主机壳进液流路11通过第一端盖流路22实现连通。
第一轴承腔21内配置有第一轴承20，第一轴承20用于支撑电机主轴40的第一端，主机壳进液流路11内的冷却介质能够通过第一端盖流路22进入第一轴承腔21中，以对第一轴承腔21内的第一轴承20进行冷却。当冷却介质是冷却油时，在冷却第一轴承20的同时，还可以对第一轴承20进行润滑，从而保证第一轴承20在高强度的工况环境下工作时，使用寿命得以延长。
结合图4、图6所示，第一端盖2具有第一支臂26，第一支臂26上开设有第一凹槽27，第一凹槽27适于与主机壳进液流路11对齐，以使从主机壳进液流路11流过来的冷却介质可以在第一凹槽27内得以缓冲，第一凹槽27还与第一端盖流路22连通，从而便于第一凹槽27处的冷却介质流入第一端盖流路22中。
在一些实施例中，第一支臂26形成为第一翻边28的一部分。
根据本申请实施例的电机机壳还可以包括：第二端盖3。具体而言，主机壳1的第二端设置有第二端盖3，参照图1-图2所示，第二端盖3位于主机壳1的后端。在具体实施例中，结合图1-图2、图4-图6所示，主机壳1的第二端设置有第二法兰16，第二端盖3与第二法兰16可以利用螺栓等紧固件实现可拆卸连接。
参照图4-图5、图8所示，第二端盖3上可以设置有第二安装孔35，第二法兰16的第二端端面设置有第二螺纹孔17，第二安装孔35与第二螺纹孔17位置、数量一一对应，螺栓等紧固件穿设第二安装孔35后旋入对应的第二螺纹孔17中，以实现主机壳1与第二端盖3的安装。
可选地，第二安装孔35可以是多个，多个第二安装孔35沿第二端盖3的轴线间隔开布置，这样有利于提升第二端盖3与第二法兰16的连接牢固程度。在一些实施例中，多个第二安装孔35可以沿第二端盖3的轴线等间隔布置，由此使得第二端盖3与第二法兰16的连接应力布置更加均匀，有利于改善第二端盖3与第二法兰16的受力情况。
第二端盖3可以包括第二端盖本体和第二翻边36，第二翻边36设置在第二端盖本体的端部，比如后端，且第二翻边36沿第二端盖本体的径向向外延伸，第二安装孔35开设在第二翻边36上。
参照图2、图8-图9所示，第二端盖3具有第二端盖流路32以及第二轴承腔31，第二端盖流路32的一端连通第二轴承腔31，第二端盖流路32的另一端连通主机壳进液流路11，从而使得第二轴承腔31以及主机壳进液流路11通过第二端盖流路32实现连通。
第二轴承腔31内配置有第二轴承30，第二轴承30用于支撑电机主轴40的第二端，主机壳进液流路11内的冷却介质能够通过第二端盖流路32进入第二轴承腔31中，以对第二轴承腔31内的第二轴承30进行冷却。当冷却介质是冷却油时，在冷却第二轴承30的同时，还可以对第二轴承30进行润滑，从而保证第二轴承30在高强度的工况环境下工作时，使用寿命得以延长。
根据本申请实施例的电机机壳，通过将主机壳1的主机壳进液流路11与第一端盖流路22、第二端盖流路32连通，使得第一轴承腔21和第二轴承腔31均与主机壳进液流路11间接连通，主机壳进液流路11内的冷却介质能够通过第一端盖流路22进入第一轴承腔21，以冷却第一轴承20，还能够通过第二端盖流路32进入第二轴承腔31，以冷却第二轴承30，这种合理的流路设计，能够有效解决轴承的冷却问题。当冷却介质是冷却油时，还能够有效解决轴承的润滑问题。此外，流路形成在主机壳1、第一端盖2以及第二端盖3内部，还可以节省冷却管道的使用。
根据本申请实施例的电机机壳还可以包括主机壳端部流路13。
在本申请的一些实施例中，主机壳1的至少一端设有主机壳端部流路13。
具体而言，在一些实施例中，如图2所示，主机壳端部流路13可以仅设置在主机壳1的第一端；在另一些可选的实施例中，主机壳端部流路13也可以仅设置在主机壳1的第二端；在其它一些可选的实施例中，还可以在主机壳1的两端均设置主机壳端部流路13。其中，“第一端”为前端，“第二端”为后端。
主机壳进液流路11能够与主机壳端部流路13相连通，也就是说，从电机进流口101进入主机壳进液流路11的冷却介质能够进一步进入到主机壳端部流路13中。主机壳端部流路13能够将主机壳进液流路11与对应端的端盖流路相连通，这样，主机壳进液流路11的冷却介质能够经主机壳端部流路13到达对应端的端盖流路中，进而到达对应端盖的轴承腔内。
在图2所示的实施例中，仅在主机壳1的第一端设置有主机壳端部流路13，第一端的主机壳端部流路13用于连通第一端盖流路22和主机壳进液流路11。主机壳进液流路11的冷却介质经第一端的主机壳端部流路13到达第一端盖流路22中，进而到达第一端盖2的第一轴承腔21内，以对第一轴承腔21内的第一轴承20进行冷却。利用主机壳端部流路13将主机壳进液流路11与第一端盖流路22相连通，可以更好地对第一端盖2进行冷却，进而更好地对第一端盖2内的第一轴承20进行冷却。
在另一些可选的实施例中，仅在主机壳1的第二端设置有主机壳端部流路13，第二端的主机壳端部流路13用于连通第二端盖流路32和主机壳进液流路11。主机壳进液流路11的冷却介质经第二端的主机壳端部流路13到达第二端盖流路32中，进而到达第二端盖3的第二轴承腔31内，以对第二轴承腔31内的第二轴承30进行冷却。
在其它一些可选的实施例中，在主机壳1的第一端和第二端均设置有主机壳端部流路13，第一端的主机壳端部流路13用于连通第一端盖流路22和主机壳进液流路11，第二端的主机壳端部流路13用于连通第二端盖流路32和主机壳进液流路11。主机壳进液流路11的冷却介质经第一端的主机壳端部流路13到达第一端盖流路22中、经第二端的主机壳端部流路13到达第二端盖流路32中，进而到达第一端盖2的第一轴承腔21、第二端盖3的第二轴承腔31内，以对第一轴承腔21内的第一轴承20和第二轴承腔31内的第二轴承30进行冷却。
根据本申请实施例的电机机壳，利用主机壳端部流路13将主机壳进液流路11与对应端的端盖流路相连通，可以更好地对该对应端的端盖进行冷却，进而更好地对该对应端盖内的轴承进行冷却。
具体地，在一些实施例中，参照图4所示，主机壳端部流路13可以包括端部第一流道131以及端部第二流道132，端部第一流道131与主机壳进液流路11连通，从电机进流口101进入主机壳进液流路11的冷却介质能够进一步进入到端部第一流道131中。端部第二流道132开设在端部第一流道131的流道壁上，端部第一流道131与端部第二流道132连通，端部第一流道131内的冷却介质能够进一步进入到端部第二流道132中。端部第二流道132还与对应端的端盖流路相连通，这样，端部第二流道132内的冷却介质能够进一步进入到对应端的端盖流路中，以对该对应端的轴承进行冷却。
在一些实施例中，端部第一流道131开设在主机壳1的壳壁内，且端部第一流道131适于沿主机壳1的周向延伸。
参照图4、图10所示，端部第一流道131开设在主机壳1的端面上，且端部第一流道131具有敞口，该敞口沿主机壳1的轴向向外敞开，对应端的端盖适于封盖该敞口。端部第一流道131可以通过在主机壳1的端面切槽而形成，该敞口形成为切槽的槽口。
在图2所示的实施例中，仅在主机壳1的第一端设置有主机壳端部流路13，第一端盖2适于封盖该敞口。在另一些可选的实施例中，仅在主机壳1的第二端设置有主机壳端部流路13，第二端盖3适于封盖该敞口。在其它一些可选的实施例中，在主机壳1的第一端和第二端均设置有主机壳端部流路13，第一端盖2适于封盖第一端的端部第一流道131敞口，第二端盖3适于封盖第二端的端部第一流道131敞口。
在一些实施例中，端部第一流道131开设在第一端盖2内，且端部第一流道131适于沿第一端盖2的周向延伸。
可选地，端部第一流道131开设在第一端盖2的端面上，且端部第一流道131具有敞口，该敞口朝向主机壳1敞开，主机壳1适于封盖该敞口。端部第一流道131可以通过在第一端盖2的端面切槽而形成，该敞口形成为切槽的槽口。
在一些实施例中，端部第二流道132适于沿主机壳1的轴向延伸，即沿主机壳1的前后方向延伸。在另一些实施例中，在主机壳1的轴向上，端部第二流道132倾斜设置。
端部第一流道131至少部分地包围对应端的端盖，当端部第一流道131内流通冷却介质时，能够对该对应端的端盖进行冷却，从而间接对该对应端盖内的轴承进行冷却，由此有利于电机机壳散热。
在一些实施例中，端部第一流道131的圆心角为α，α满足关系式：0°＜α＜180°。当α大于180°时，会导致端部第一流道131内的流阻过大，不利于冷却介质的流动。可选地，α可以是30°、45°、75°、90°等等。
在一些可选的实施例中，α进一步满足关系式：90°＜α＜180°，也就是说，圆心角α为钝角，这样，端部第一流道131将对应端端盖的小部分进行包围。可选地，α可以是120°、135°、150°、175°等等。
在一些实施例中，电机机壳电机机壳还包括连接管，连接管的内部管道形成端部第一流道131，连接管的一端开口形成端部第二流道132。在本申请的一些实施例中，与端部第二流道132连通的端盖流路倾斜设置，且该端盖流路的靠近对应轴承腔的一端（即内端）比该端盖流路的远离对应轴承腔的一端（即外端）更加靠近主机壳1的中心。换言之，与端部第二流道132连通的端盖流路的外端更靠近主机壳1的端部，而与端部第二流道132连通的端盖流路的内端更靠近主机壳1的中心。这样，方便端盖流路将端部第二流道132内的冷却介质引导至对应的轴承腔内。
在如图2所示的具体实施例中，仅在主机壳1的第一端设置有主机壳端部流路13，因此，第一端盖流路22与第一端主机壳端部流路13的端部第二流道132连通，第一端盖流路22的内端比第一端盖流路22的外端更加靠近主机壳1的中心。
在另一些可选的实施例中，仅在主机壳1的第二端设置有主机壳端部流路13，因此，第二端盖流路32与第二端主机壳端部流路13的端部第二流道132连通，第二端盖流路32的内端比第二端盖流路32的外端更加靠近主机壳1的中心。
在其它一些可选的实施例中，在主机壳1的第一端和第二端均设置有主机壳端部流路13，因此，第一端盖流路22与第一端主机壳端部流路13的端部第二流道132连通，第一端盖流路22的内端比第一端盖流路22的外端更加靠近主机壳1的中心，第二端盖流路32与第二端主机壳端部流路13的的端部第二流道132连通，第二端盖流路32的内端比第二端盖流路32的外端更加靠近主机壳1的中心。
可选地，与端部第二流道132连通的端盖流路为锥形流路，该端盖流路的远离对应轴承腔的一端直径（即外端直径）大于其靠近对应轴承腔的一端直径（即内端直径），这样可以减小端盖流路内端处的流通面积，从而增大内端处的冷却介质流速，从内端进入对应轴承腔的冷却介质速度较快，可以加速轴承的冷却，同时也可以对轴承形成冲刷，将轴承上的赃物冲洗下来。在一些实施例中，与端部第二流道132连通的端盖流路形成为锥形流路，由此可以避免流路直径较小而导致的加工困难问题。
可选地，与端部第二流道132连通的端盖流路为直筒形流路，该端盖流路的远离对应轴承腔的一端直径（即外端直径）等于其靠近对应轴承腔的一端直径（即内端直径），这样，便于一次加工成型，有利于简化加工工序。
在如图2所示的具体实施例中，仅在主机壳1的第一端设置有主机壳端部流路13，因此，第一端盖流路22与端部第二流道132连通，第一端盖流路22的外端直径大于第一端盖流路22的内端直径。
在另一些可选的实施例中，仅在主机壳1的第二端设置有主机壳端部流路13，因此，第二端盖流路32与端部第二流道132连通，第二端盖流路32的外端直径大于第二端盖流路32的内端直径。
在其它一些可选的实施例中，在主机壳1的第一端和第二端均设置有主机壳端部流路13，因此，第一端盖流路22与第一端的端部第二流道132连通，第一端盖流路22的外端直径大于第一端盖流路22的内端直径，第二端盖流路32与第二端的端部第二流道132连通，第二端盖流路32的外端直径大于第二端盖流路32的内端直径。
在本申请的一些实施例中，参照图2、图有6、图8所示，主机壳1内具有电机容纳腔18，定子、转子、电机主轴40等适于安装在电机容纳腔18内。主机壳1的壳壁内设有主机壳回流路12，主机壳回流路12适于沿主机壳1的轴向延伸，即沿主机壳1的前后方向延伸。
第一端盖2具有第一回流口23，第一回流口23适于与主机壳回流路12以及电机容纳腔18均连通，电机容纳腔18中多余的冷却介质能够通过第一回流口23进入主机壳回流路12中。
第二端盖3具有第二回流口33，第二回流口33适于与主机壳回流路12以及电机容纳腔18均连通，电机容纳腔18中多余的冷却介质能够通过第二回流口33进入主机壳回流路12中。
主机壳回流路12适于与电机机壳的电机出流口102连通，以便于将电机容纳腔18中多余的冷却介质进行回收再循环。
参照图2、图8所示，第二端盖3上设置有端盖出流孔34，端盖出流孔34、主机壳回流路12均与电机出流口102对齐并连通，这样，主机壳回流路12中的冷却介质经过端盖出流孔34到达电机出流口102。
进一步地，主机壳进液流路11和主机壳回流路12均设置在主机壳1的壳壁内，具体而言，参照图2、图3所示，主机壳进液流路11设置在主机壳1的顶部壳壁内，电机进流口101也开设在主机壳1的顶部壳壁上，主机壳回流路12设置在主机壳1的底部壳壁内，电机出流口102也位于电机机壳的底部。这样，从电机机壳的顶部注入冷却介质，从电机机壳的底部回收冷却介质，结构布置合理，可以充分利用空间。
在一些实施例中，主机壳回流路12沿主机壳1的轴向延伸；或者在另一些实施例中，主机壳回流路12的延伸方向与主机壳1的轴向相交且具有夹角，该夹角不大于30°。可选地，该夹角可以是10°、20°等。
在本申请的一些实施例中，第二端盖流路32与第一端盖流路22中的至少一个包括端盖第一流道51和端盖第二流道52，端盖第一流道51与主机壳进液流路11相连通，端盖第二流道52与端盖第一流道51相连通，端盖第二流道52沿主机壳1的轴向向靠近主机壳1的方向延伸至对应的轴承腔。例如在图2所示的实施例中，仅第二端盖流路32包括端盖第一流道51和端盖第二流道52。在另一些可选的实施例中，仅第一端盖流路22包括端盖第一流道51和端盖第二流道52。在其它一些可选的实施例中，第二端盖流路32与第一端盖流路22均包括端盖第一流道51和端盖第二流道52。
进一步地，第一端盖流路22和第二端盖流路32中的至少一个还可以包括端盖第三流道53，端盖第一流道51通过端盖第三流道53实现与对应端盖的外部相连通。具体而言，端盖第三流道53的一端与端盖第一流道51连通，端盖第三流道53沿主机壳1的轴向向远离主机壳1的方向延伸，端盖第三流道53的另一端延伸至对应端盖的外表面。端盖第三流道53用于连接电机机壳以外的结构，例如减速器等。
在如图2所示的具体实施例中，仅第二端盖流路32包括端盖第一流道51、端盖第二流道52以及端盖第三流道53，端盖第三流道53的前端与端盖第一流道51连通，端盖第三流道53的后端延伸至第二端盖3的外表面。
在另一些可选的实施例中，仅第一端盖流路22包括端盖第一流道51、端盖第二流道52以及端盖第三流道53，端盖第三流道53的后端与端盖第一流道51连通，端盖第三流道53的前端延伸至第一端盖2的外表面。
在其它一些可选的实施例中，第二端盖流路32与第一端盖流路22均包括端盖第一流道51、端盖第二流道52以及端盖第三流道53，第二端盖流路32的端盖第三流道53前端与端盖第一流道51连通，第二端盖流路32的端盖第三流道53后端延伸至第二端盖3的外表面；第一端盖流路22的端盖第三流道53后端与端盖第一流道51连通，第一端盖流路22的端盖第三流道53前端延伸至第一端盖2的外表面。
在本申请的一些实施例中，主机壳1的壳壁内表面设有主机壳定子流路14，主机壳定子流路14适于沿主机壳1的周向延伸，主机壳定子流路14与主机壳进液流路11连通，这样，主机壳进液流路11内的冷却介质能够进入主机壳定子流路14中。此外，主机壳定子流路14还适于与定子铁心外周面的定子凹槽相连通，以将主机壳进液流路11内的冷却介质通过主机壳定子流路14引导至定子凹槽中。当冷却介质是润滑油液时，不仅可以冷却定子，也可以润滑定子。可选地，主机壳定子流路14可以沿主机壳1的周向整周布置，也可以根据实际需求沿主机壳1的周向形成为非整圈结构。
在本申请的一些实施例中，第二端盖3与主机壳1通过可拆卸的方式实现连接。在具体实施例中，结合图2、图5-图6、图8所示，主机壳1的第二端设置有第二法兰16，第二端盖3与第二法兰16可以利用螺栓等紧固件实现可拆卸连接。螺栓等紧固件穿设第二端盖3的第二翻边36上的第二安装孔35后紧固于第二法兰16上的第二螺纹孔17中，以实现第二端盖3与第二法兰16的可拆卸连接。
在本申请的另一些可选的实施例中，第二端盖3还可以与主机壳1一体成型。由此可以减少零件数量以及连接件数量、减轻整体重量、降低成本。
下面结合图1-图9描述本申请电机机壳的一个具体实施例。
根据本申请一个实施例的电机机壳包括：主机壳1、第一端盖2以及第二端盖3。
其中，主机壳1的顶部壳壁内设置有主机壳进液流路11，主机壳进液流路11沿主机壳1的轴向延伸，主机壳进液流路11的中部与电机机壳的电机进流口101连通，从电机进流口101进来的冷却油能够沿主机壳进液流路11同时向两端流动。
第一端盖2设置在主机壳1的前端。主机壳1的前端设置有第一法兰15，第一法兰15具有环形的定位凸边151，第一端盖2具有环形的定位槽24，定位凸边151嵌套在第一端盖2的定位槽24内，以实现主机壳1与第一端盖2的相对定位。第一端盖2可以包括第一端盖本体和第一翻边28，第一翻边28设置在第一端盖本体的前端，且第一翻边28沿第一端盖本体的径向向外延伸，第一翻边28上开设有多个第一安装孔25，螺栓等紧固件穿设第一安装孔25后紧固在主机壳1的第一法兰15上，以实现主机壳1与第一端盖2的安装。
第二端盖3设置在主机壳1的后端。主机壳1的第二端设置有第二法兰16，第二法兰16的第二端端面设置有多个第二螺纹孔17，第二端盖3包括第二端盖本体和第二翻边36，第二翻边36设置在第二端盖本体的后端，且第二翻边36沿第二端盖本体的径向向外延伸，第二翻边36上开设有多个第二安装孔35，第二安装孔35与第二螺纹孔17位置、数量一一对应，螺栓等紧固件穿设第二安装孔35后旋入对应的第二螺纹孔17中，以实现主机壳1与第二端盖3的安装。
主机壳1的前端设置有主机壳端部流路13，主机壳端部流路13包括端部第一流道131以及端部第二流道132，端部第一流道131开设在主机壳1的端面上，且端部第一流道131沿主机壳1的周向延伸，端部第一流道131的圆心角α为150°，端部第一流道131与主机壳进液流路11连通，端部第二流道132沿主机壳1的轴向延伸，且端部第二流道132与端部第一流道131连通。
第一端盖2具有第一端盖流路22以及第一轴承腔21，第一端盖流路22的一端（即内端）连通第一轴承腔21，第一端盖流路22的另一端（即外端）连通端部第二流道132。主机壳进液流路11的冷却油经端部第一流道131、端部第二流道132到达第一端盖流路22中，进而到达第一端盖2的第一轴承腔21内，以对第一轴承腔21内的第一轴承20进行冷却。第一端盖流路22的内端比第一端盖流路22的外端更加靠近主机壳1的中心，并且第一端盖流路22的外端直径大于第一端盖流路22的内端直径。
第二端盖3具有第二端盖流路32以及第二轴承腔31，第二端盖流路32包括端盖第一流道51、端盖第二流道52以及端盖第三流道53，端盖第一流道51与主机壳进液流路11相连通，端盖第二流道52与端盖第一流道51相连通，端盖第二流道52沿主机壳1的轴向向靠近主机壳1的方向延伸至第二轴承腔31，端盖第三流道53的前端与端盖第一流道51连通，端盖第三流道53的后端延伸至第二端盖3的外表面。
主机壳1内具有电机容纳腔18，定子、转子、电机主轴40安装在电机容纳腔18内。主机壳1的底部壳壁内设有主机壳回流路12，主机壳回流路12沿主机壳1的轴向延伸。
第一端盖2具有第一回流口23，第一回流口23与主机壳回流路12以及电机容纳腔18均连通，电机容纳腔18中多余的冷却油能够通过第一回流口23进入主机壳回流路12中。
第二端盖3具有第二回流口33，第二回流口33与主机壳回流路12以及电机容纳腔18均连通，电机容纳腔18中多余的冷却油能够通过第二回流口33进入主机壳回流路12中。
主机壳回流路12与电机机壳的电机出流口102连通，以便于将电机容纳腔18中多余的冷却油进行回收再利用。
参照图2-图3所示，主机壳进液流路11可以包括进流第一支路111、进流第二支路112，进流第一支路111沿主机壳1的轴向延伸，进流第二支路112设置在进流第一支路111的后端，且进流第二支路112沿主机壳1的径向延伸，从电机进流口101进来的冷却油直接进入进流第一支路111，并从进流第一支路111向后流动以到达进流第二支路112，再从进流第二支路112向端盖第一流道51流动。
根据本申请第二方面实施例的电机100，包括上述实施例的电机机壳。
根据本申请实施例的电机100，通过采用上述实施例的电机机壳，解决了第一轴承20和第二轴承30的冷却和润滑问题，避免了因冷却、润滑不到位而造成电机100局部温度过高或局部磨损的问题。
参照图11所示，根据本申请第三方面实施例的车辆1000，包括车身以及上述实施例的电机100。车身两侧安装有车轮50，电机100安装于车身。电机100的第一轴承20和第二轴承30能够得到足够的冷却介质，从而保证了冷却效果与润滑效果。
可选地，车辆1000可以为新能源车，其中新能源车可以包括纯电动车、增程式电动车、具有主驱电机100的混合动力车、燃料电池电动车、氢发动机车等。
在本说明书的描述中，参考术语“一个实施例”、“一些实施例”、“示例”、“具体示例”或“一些示例”等的描述意指结合该实施例或示例描述的具体特征、结构、材料或者特点包含于本申请的至少一个实施例或示例中。在本说明书中，对上述术语的示意性表述不必须针对的是相同的实施例或示例。而且，描述的具体特征、结构、材料或者特点可以在任何的一个或多个实施例或示例中以合适的方式结合。此外，本领域的技术人员可以将本说明书中描述的不同实施例或示例进行接合和组合。
尽管上面已经示出和描述了本申请的实施例，可以理解的是，上述实施例是示例性的，不能理解为对本申请的限制，本领域的普通技术人员在本申请的范围内可以对上述实施例进行变化、修改、替换和变型。

Claims (20)

  1. 一种电机机壳，其中，包括：
    主机壳，所述主机壳的壳壁内设有主机壳进液流路；
    第一端盖，所述第一端盖设置在所述主机壳的第一端，所述第一端盖具有第一轴承腔和第一端盖流路，所述第一端盖流路连通所述第一轴承腔；
    主机壳端部流路，所述主机壳端部流路包括端部第一流道和端部第二流道，所述端部第一流道与所述主机壳进液流路连通，所述端部第二流道与所述端部第一流道连通，所述端部第二流道还与所述第一端盖流路相连通。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的电机机壳，其中，所述端部第一流道开设在所述主机壳的壳壁内且沿所述主机壳的周向延伸，所述端部第二流道开设在所述端部第一流道的流道壁上。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的电机机壳，其中，所述端部第一流道开设在所述主机壳的端面上且具有沿所述主机壳的轴向向外敞开的敞口，所述第一端盖适于封盖所述敞口。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的电机机壳，其中，所述端部第一流道开设在所述第一端盖内且沿所述第一端盖的周向延伸，所述端部第二流道开设在所述端部第一流道的流道壁上。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的电机机壳，其中，所述端部第一流道开设在所述第一端盖的端面上且具有朝向所述主机壳敞开的敞口，所述主机壳适于封盖所述敞口。
  6. 根据权利要求1-5中任一项所述的电机机壳，其中，所述端部第二流道沿所述主机壳的轴向延伸；或者，在所述主机壳的轴向上，所述端部第二流道倾斜设置。
  7. 根据权利要求1-6中任一项所述的电机机壳，其中，所述端部第一流道的圆心角大于0°且小于180°。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的电机机壳，其中，所述电机机壳还包括连接管，所述连接管的内部管道形成所述端部第一流道，所述连接管的一端开口形成所述端部第二流道。
  9. 根据权利要求1-8中任一项所述的电机机壳，其中，所述第一端盖流路倾斜设置，且所述第一端盖流路的靠近所述第一轴承腔的一端比其远离所述第一轴承腔的一端更加靠近所述主机壳的中心。
  10. 根据权利要求1-9中任一项所述的电机机壳，其中，所述第一端盖流路为锥形流路或直筒形流路，所述第一端盖流路的远离所述第一轴承腔的一端直径大于或等于其靠近所述第一轴承腔的一端直径。
  11. 根据权利要求1-10中任一项所述的电机机壳，其中，所述电机机壳还包括：第二端盖，所述第二端盖设置在所述主机壳的第二端，所述第二端盖具有第二轴承腔和第二端盖流路，所述第二端盖流路连通所述第二轴承腔和所述主机壳进液流路。
  12. 根据权利要求11所述的电机机壳，其中，所述主机壳内具有电机容纳腔，所述主机壳的壳壁内设有主机壳回流路，所述第一端盖具有与所述电机容纳腔和所述主机壳回流路均连通的第一回流口，所述第二端盖具有与所述电机容纳腔和所述主机壳回流路均连通的第二回流口。
  13. 根据权利要求12所述的电机机壳，其中，所述主机壳进液流路设置在所述主机壳的顶部壳壁内，所述主机壳回流路设置在所述主机壳的底部壳壁内。
  14. 根据权利要求12或13所述的电机机壳，其中，所述主机壳回流路沿所述主机壳的轴向延伸；或者，所述主机壳回流路的延伸方向与所述主机壳的轴向具有夹角，所述夹角不大于30°。
  15. 根据权利要求11-14中任一项所述的电机机壳，其中，所述第二端盖流路包括端盖第一流道和端盖第二流道，所述端盖第一流道与所述主机壳进液流路连通，所述端盖第二流道与所述端盖第一流道连通，所述端盖第二流道沿所述主机壳的轴向向靠近所述主机壳的方向延伸至所述第二轴承腔。
  16. 根据权利要求15所述的电机机壳，其中，所述第二端盖流路还包括端盖第三流道，所述端盖第三流道与所述端盖第一流道连通，所述端盖第三流道沿所述主机壳的轴向向远离所述主机壳的方向延伸至所述第二端盖的外表面。
  17. 根据权利要求11-16中任一项所述的电机机壳，其中，所述第二端盖与所述主机壳通过可拆卸的方式实现连接；或者，所述第二端盖与所述主机壳一体成型。
  18. 根据权利要求1-17中任一项所述的电机机壳，其中，所述主机壳的壳壁内表面设有沿所述主机壳的周向延伸的主机壳定子流路，所述主机壳定子流路与所述主机壳进液流路连通。
  19. 一种电机，其中，包括权利要求1-18中任一项所述的电机机壳，所述主机壳内设置有电机主轴，所述第一轴承腔内设置有用于支撑所述电机主轴第一端的第一轴承，所述电机主轴的第二端被第二轴承腔内的第二轴承支撑。
  20. 一种车辆，其中，包括权利要求19所述的电机。
PCT/CN2022/123800 2021-12-31 2022-10-08 电机机壳、电机及车辆 WO2023124350A1 (zh)

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CN107994709A (zh) * 2018-01-17 2018-05-04 明程电机技术（深圳）有限公司 电机转轴及蒸发冷却轴式油冷电机
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