WO2023123688A1 - 信号传输方法、信号传输装置及电子设备 - Google Patents

信号传输方法、信号传输装置及电子设备 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023123688A1
WO2023123688A1 PCT/CN2022/080983 CN2022080983W WO2023123688A1 WO 2023123688 A1 WO2023123688 A1 WO 2023123688A1 CN 2022080983 W CN2022080983 W CN 2022080983W WO 2023123688 A1 WO2023123688 A1 WO 2023123688A1
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Prior art keywords
pilot sequence
signal
signal transmission
modulation
modulation scheme
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PCT/CN2022/080983
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
任文成
王栋良
郑项全
王伟
徐信
赵靖远
相楠
郭梦琪
Original Assignee
中国电子科技集团公司第五十四研究所
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Publication of WO2023123688A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023123688A1/zh

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/22—Scatter propagation systems, e.g. ionospheric, tropospheric or meteor scatter
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L1/00—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
    • H04L1/0001—Systems modifying transmission characteristics according to link quality, e.g. power backoff
    • H04L1/0009—Systems modifying transmission characteristics according to link quality, e.g. power backoff by adapting the channel coding
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L5/00—Arrangements affording multiple use of the transmission path
    • H04L5/003—Arrangements for allocating sub-channels of the transmission path
    • H04L5/0048—Allocation of pilot signals, i.e. of signals known to the receiver

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the technical field of scattering communication, and in particular to a signal transmission method, a signal transmission device and electronic equipment.
  • the service rate of communication equipment is closely related to channel fading. Severe channel fading will seriously reduce the service rate of communication equipment; while slight channel fading will make communication equipment work at a higher service rate. Moreover, during the signal transmission process, the service rate of the communication equipment does not match the fading condition of the channel, which may lead to a high bit error rate. For example, when the channel fading is severe, selecting a higher service rate of the communication equipment will increase the bit error rate during signal transmission. When the channel fading is slight, a lower service rate of communication equipment is selected, and the bit error rate is correspondingly smaller, but channel resources will be wasted. It can be understood that the service rate refers to the data transmission rate when the communication device executes different functional item services.
  • the channel fading in the cellular mobile communication system is dominated by logarithmic shadow fading and multipath fading.
  • the cellular mobile communication system can realize the adaptive coding and modulation technology in the cellular mobile communication system only by judging the service rate based on the channel bit error rate.
  • the service rate of the communication equipment in the cellular mobile communication system is matched with the fading condition of the channel to ensure the reliability of the communication equipment.
  • the scattering communication system not only has logarithmic shadow fading and multipath fading, but also has slow fading on the time scale.
  • Slow fading is caused by changes in average atmospheric conditions such as atmospheric refraction, atmospheric turbulence, and atmospheric stratification. Usually, it has little to do with frequency, but is mainly related to factors such as meteorological conditions, circuit length, and terrain. Therefore, the adaptive coding and modulation technology in which the cellular mobile communication system only judges the service rate based on the channel bit error rate cannot be applied to the diffuse communication system with complex channel fading conditions. How to match the service rate of the communication equipment with the channel fading in the diffuse communication system and ensure the reliability of the communication equipment is an urgent problem to be solved.
  • the application provides a signal transmission method, a signal transmission device and electronic equipment for a scatter communication system, which can match the service rate of the communication equipment in the scatter communication system with channel fading conditions, and ensure the signal transmission of the communication equipment in the scatter communication system time reliability.
  • the present application provides a signal transmission method for a scatter communication system.
  • the scatter communication system includes a sending end and a receiving end, and is applied to the receiving end.
  • the signal transmission method includes: the receiving end receives the test sent by the sending end. signal, the test signal carries a first pilot sequence and a second pilot sequence transmitted at a fixed power; the first pilot sequence and the second pilot sequence in the test signal are extracted, and the first pilot sequence and the second Calculate the power of the pilot sequence to obtain the signal-to-noise ratio estimate and the receiving level estimate; the receiving end searches the preset mapping relationship table to determine the target modulation scheme that matches the fixed power, signal-to-noise ratio estimate and receiving level estimate, and the preset mapping
  • the relationship table records multiple sets of mapping relationships under fixed power, each set of mapping relationships includes a set of SNR estimates and received level estimates, and a modulation scheme, and each modulation scheme is used to indicate the A symbol rate and a modulation and coding scheme that match the channel fading situation corresponding to the received level
  • the receiving end extracts the first pilot sequence and the second pilot sequence in the test signal, including: the receiving end performs screening processing on the test signal, and determines the starting position of the first pilot sequence ; The receiving end performs spectrum analysis on the test signal to determine the starting position of the first pilot sequence; the receiving end determines the starting position of the first pilot sequence, the length of the first pilot sequence, and the first pilot sequence and the first pilot sequence The distance between the two pilot sequences determines the starting position of the second pilot sequence; the receiving end extracts the first pilot sequence and the starting position of the second pilot sequence according to the starting position of the first pilot sequence and the starting position of the second pilot sequence Second pilot sequence.
  • the power calculation is performed on the first pilot sequence and the second pilot sequence to obtain the signal-to-noise ratio estimation and the receiving level estimation, including: the receiving end calculates the first pilot sequence and the second pilot sequence The frequency sequence is filtered and signal transformed to obtain the power spectrum signal of the first pilot sequence and the second pilot sequence, and the power spectrum signal is used to represent the power density; the receiving end calculates the first pilot sequence and the second pilot sequence The difference value of the power spectrum signal, and the difference is integrated to obtain the signal-to-noise ratio estimate; the receiving end calculates the average value of the power spectrum signal of the first pilot sequence and the second pilot sequence, and calculates the absolute value of the average value Integral to obtain a receive level estimate.
  • the receiving end replies a test response to the sending end.
  • the signal transmission method also includes: the receiving end obtains the number of CRC error frames of the test signal; when the number of CRC error frames is greater than the preset upper limit, the target The modulation scheme is lowered by one level to obtain a new target modulation scheme; when the number of CRC error frames is less than the preset lower limit, the target modulation scheme is increased by one level to obtain a new target modulation scheme.
  • the symbol rate is one of the following: 25K, 50K, 100K, 250K, 500K, 1M, 2M, 4M, 8M, 16M, 24M, 32M, and 48M;
  • the modulation and coding method is one of the following Item: "1/4 coded BPSK modulation”, “1/3 coded BPSK modulation”, “1/4 coded QPSK modulation”, “1/3 coded QPSK modulation”, “1/2 coded QPSK modulation”, "2/ 3-coded QPSK modulation” and "2/3-coded 8PSK modulation”.
  • the embodiment of the present application provides a signal transmission method for a scatter communication system
  • the scatter communication system includes a sending end and a receiving end, applied to the sending end
  • the signal transmission method includes: sending the sending end to the receiving end Send a test signal, the test signal carries the first pilot sequence and the second pilot sequence transmitted at a fixed power; the sending end receives the test response sent by the receiving end, the test response is used to indicate the target modulation scheme, and the target modulation scheme is used to indicate Match the symbol rate and modulation and coding method with the channel fading corresponding to the signal-to-noise ratio estimation and receiving level estimation; the sending end sets the symbol rate and modulation and coding method of the sending end based on the target modulation scheme; the sending end sends the target modulation scheme to the receiving end Send the signal to be transmitted.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a signal transmission device for a scatter communication system, the scatter communication system includes a sending end and a receiving end; applied to a receiving end, the signal transmission device includes a communication module and a processing module ;
  • the communication module is used to receive the test signal sent by the sending end, the test signal carries the first pilot sequence and the second pilot sequence transmitted according to the fixed power;
  • the processing module is used to extract the first pilot sequence in the test signal and the second pilot sequence, and perform power calculations on the first pilot sequence and the second pilot sequence to obtain signal-to-noise ratio estimation and reception level estimation;
  • the processing module is also used to search for a preset mapping table to determine the relationship with Fixed power, SNR estimation and receiving level estimation matching target modulation scheme, the preset mapping relationship table records multiple sets of mapping relationships under fixed power, each mapping relationship includes a set of SNR estimation and receiving level Estimation, and a modulation scheme, each modulation scheme is used to indicate that the channel fading situation corresponding to the group of signal-to-nois
  • the processing module is specifically configured to perform spectrum analysis on the test signal to determine the starting position of the first pilot sequence; according to the starting position of the first pilot sequence, the length, and the spacing between the first pilot sequence and the second pilot sequence, determine the starting position of the second pilot sequence; according to the starting position of the first pilot sequence and the starting position of the second pilot sequence , to extract the first pilot sequence and the second pilot sequence.
  • the processing module is specifically configured to perform filtering processing and signal transformation on the first pilot sequence and the second pilot sequence to obtain power spectrum signals of the first pilot sequence and the second pilot sequence , the power spectrum signal is used to characterize the power density; calculate the difference between the power spectrum signals of the first pilot sequence and the second pilot sequence, and integrate the difference to obtain a signal-to-noise ratio estimate; calculate the first pilot sequence and The average value of the power spectrum signal of the second pilot sequence, and the absolute value of the average value is integrated to obtain the estimated reception level.
  • the processing module is also used to obtain the number of CRC error frames of the test signal; when the number of CRC error frames is greater than the preset upper limit, lower the target modulation scheme by one level to obtain a new target modulation scheme ; When the number of CRC error frames is less than the preset lower limit, increase the target modulation scheme by one level to obtain a new target modulation scheme.
  • the symbol rate is one of the following: 25K, 50K, 100K, 250K, 500K, 1M, 2M, 4M, 8M, 16M, 24M, 32M, and 48M;
  • the modulation and coding method is one of the following Item: "1/4 coded BPSK modulation”, “1/3 coded BPSK modulation”, “1/4 coded QPSK modulation”, “1/3 coded QPSK modulation”, “1/2 coded QPSK modulation”, "2/ 3-coded QPSK modulation” and "2/3-coded 8PSK modulation”.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a signal transmission device for a scatter communication system, the scatter communication system includes a sending end and a receiving end; when applied to a sending end, the signal transmission device includes a communication module and a processing module ;
  • the communication module is used to send a test signal to the receiving end, and the test signal carries the first pilot sequence and the second pilot sequence transmitted at a fixed power;
  • the communication module is also used to receive the test response sent by the receiving end, the test response It is used to indicate the target modulation scheme, and the target modulation scheme is used to indicate that the symbol rate and modulation and coding mode match the channel fading situation corresponding to the signal-to-noise ratio estimation and the receiving level estimation;
  • the processing module is used to set the transmission end based on the target modulation scheme Symbol rate and modulation coding method;
  • the communication module is also used to send the signal to be transmitted to the receiving end with the target modulation scheme.
  • the embodiment of the present application also provides an electronic device, including a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and operable on the processor, and the processor executes the computer program implement the steps of the method described in the first aspect or the second aspect, and any possible implementation manner of the first aspect or the second aspect.
  • the embodiment of the present application provides a computer-readable storage medium, the computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, the above first aspect or the second aspect is realized, and The steps of the method described in any possible implementation manner of the first aspect or the second aspect.
  • the receiving end performs power calculation based on the first pilot sequence and the second pilot sequence in the test signal, and obtains the signal-to-noise ratio estimation and Receive level estimation.
  • the receiving end searches the preset mapping relationship table to determine the target modulation scheme matching the fixed power, SNR estimation and receiving level estimation.
  • each modulation scheme recorded in the preset mapping relationship table is used to indicate the symbol rate and modulation and coding mode that match the channel fading situation corresponding to the group of signal-to-noise ratio estimation and reception level estimation, and the service rate of the communication device, That is to say, the symbol rate and modulation and coding method, which match the channel fading conditions, can ensure that the bit error rate in the signal transmission process meets the requirements, make the bit error rate processing within a suitable range, and ensure the reliability of communication equipment transmission in the signal transmission process .
  • the signal transmission method, signal transmission device, electronic equipment, and computer-readable storage medium provided by the present application can match the service rate of the communication equipment in the scattering communication system with the channel fading conditions, and ensure that the communication equipment in the scattering communication system is in the signal transmission mode. process reliability.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a scene of a signal transmission method provided by an embodiment of the present application
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic flowchart of a signal transmission method provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic flowchart of another signal transmission method provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic flowchart of another signal transmission method provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of an electronic device provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of another electronic device provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • words such as “exemplary” or “for example” are used as examples, illustrations or illustrations. Any embodiment or design scheme described as “exemplary” or “for example” in the embodiments of the present application shall not be interpreted as being more preferred or more advantageous than other embodiments or design schemes. To be precise, the use of words such as “exemplary” or “such as” is intended to present related concepts in a concrete manner for easy understanding.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a scene of a signal transmission method used in a scatter communication system according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • the scatter communication system shown in FIG. 1 includes a sending end and a receiving end.
  • the sending end and the receiving end use the inhomogeneity in the troposphere and the ionosphere to scatter electromagnetic waves to perform scatter communication. Due to changes in average atmospheric conditions such as atmospheric refraction, atmospheric turbulence, and atmospheric stratification, there is a slow fading in the signal transmission between the sending end and the receiving end. Therefore, the channel fading of the scattering communication system is compared with that of the cellular mobile communication system. The situation is more complicated.
  • the adaptive coding and modulation technology which only judges the link rate based on the channel bit error rate, cannot be applied to the diffuse communication system with complex channel fading conditions.
  • the scattering communication system how to match the service rate of communication equipment with channel fading needs to be solved urgently.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a signal transmission method for a scatter communication system, which is applied to the scatter communication system shown in Figure 1, and the signal transmission method includes steps S201-S204 .
  • the sending end sends a test signal to the receiving end.
  • the receiving end receives the test signal sent by the sending end.
  • the test signal is used to test channel fading between the sender and receiver.
  • the test signal carries a first pilot sequence and a second pilot sequence transmitted with a fixed power. Pilot sequences are commonly used in channel estimation and radio frequency distortion compensation in communication systems.
  • both the first pilot sequence and the second pilot sequence are signals with fixed power and fixed time length.
  • the receiving end extracts the first pilot sequence and the second pilot sequence in the test signal, and performs power calculation on the first pilot sequence and the second pilot sequence to obtain a signal-to-noise ratio estimate and a receiving level estimate.
  • the signal-to-noise ratio estimation and the receiving level estimation are used to characterize the channel fading situation of the test signal.
  • SNR refers to the ratio of signal to noise.
  • the receiving end may extract the first pilot sequence and the second pilot sequence in the test signal through steps A1-A3.
  • the receiving end performs frequency spectrum analysis on the test signal to determine the starting position of the first pilot sequence.
  • the receiving end determines the starting position of the second pilot sequence according to the starting position of the first pilot sequence, the length of the first pilot sequence, and the distance between the first pilot sequence and the second pilot sequence .
  • the receiving end extracts the first pilot sequence and the second pilot sequence according to the starting position of the first pilot sequence and the starting position of the second pilot sequence.
  • the above steps A1-A3 can extract the first pilot sequence and the second pilot sequence more accurately by using frequency spectrum analysis, of course, it is not limited thereto.
  • the receiving end can determine the signal-to-noise ratio estimate and the receiving level estimate through steps A4-A6.
  • the receiving end performs filtering processing and signal transformation on the first pilot sequence and the second pilot sequence to obtain power spectrum signals of the first pilot sequence and the second pilot sequence.
  • the power spectrum signal is used to characterize the power density.
  • the receiving end calculates the difference between the power spectrum signals of the first pilot sequence and the second pilot sequence, and integrates the difference to obtain a signal-to-noise ratio estimate.
  • the receiving end calculates the average value of the power spectrum signals of the first pilot sequence and the second pilot sequence, and integrates the absolute value of the average value to obtain an estimated reception level.
  • the above steps A4-A6 can obtain a more accurate power spectrum signal through filtering processing and signal transformation, the signal-to-noise ratio estimate is obtained by integrating the difference, and the receiving level estimate is obtained by integrating the absolute value of the average value , of course, is not limited to this.
  • the receiving end searches a preset mapping relationship table, and determines a target modulation scheme that matches the fixed power, SNR estimation, and reception level estimation.
  • the preset mapping relationship table records multiple sets of mapping relationships under fixed power, each set of mapping relationships includes a set of signal-to-noise ratio estimates and receiving level estimates, and a modulation scheme, each modulation scheme uses It is used to indicate the symbol rate and the modulation and coding scheme that match the channel fading situation corresponding to the group of signal-to-noise ratio estimation and reception level estimation.
  • the symbol rate and modulation and coding scheme matching the channel fading condition may be the symbol rate and modulation and coding scheme of the highest level when the accuracy condition of signal transmission is satisfied under the channel fading condition.
  • a target modulation scheme is determined from multiple modulation schemes by looking up a preset mapping relationship table.
  • the symbol rate refers to the number of modulation symbols transmitted per unit time. Modulation refers to converting data to an analog signal, and encoding refers to converting data to a digital signal.
  • the service rate can be characterized by the symbol rate and the modulation and coding method, and can fluctuate within the gear range after the combination of the symbol rate and the modulation and coding method.
  • the accuracy condition of signal transmission may be that the number of CRC error frames satisfies a preset range.
  • the receiving end can determine the highest-level symbol rate and modulation and coding mode in the case of channel fading corresponding to each group of SNR estimation and reception level estimation, so as to establish a preset mapping relationship table.
  • the English full name of CRC is Cyclic Redundancy Check
  • the Chinese name is cyclic redundancy check, which can use algorithms to realize error detection.
  • the receiving end can adjust the symbol rate and modulation and coding method in the case of channel fading, so that the number of CRC error frames fluctuates up and down.
  • the number of CRC error frames is within the preset range, determine the highest level of symbol rate and modulation and coding method.
  • the smaller the number of CRC error frames the smaller the bit error rate in the signal transmission process, and the lower the service rate of the communication equipment compared to channel fading, and the service rate of the communication equipment should be increased.
  • the larger the number of CRC error frames the larger the bit error rate during signal transmission, and the higher the service rate of the communication device relative to the channel fading, the service rate of the communication device should be reduced.
  • the target modulation scheme is used to indicate a symbol rate and a modulation and coding mode when the sending end sends signals to the receiving end.
  • the target modulation scheme is also used to indicate a symbol rate and a modulation and coding scheme that match the channel fading conditions corresponding to the signal-to-noise ratio estimation and the receiving level estimation.
  • the symbol rate is one of: 25K, 50K, 100K, 250K, 500K, 1M, 2M, 4M, 8M, 16M, 24M, 32M, and 48M.
  • the unit is Ksym/s
  • the unit is Msym/s. In this embodiment, the two units are abbreviated respectively.
  • the modulation and encoding method is one of the following: "1/4 coded BPSK modulation”, “1/3 coded BPSK modulation”, “1/4 coded QPSK modulation”, “1/3 coded QPSK modulation” , “1/2 coded QPSK modulation”, “2/3 coded QPSK modulation” and “2/3 coded 8PSK modulation”.
  • 1/4 coding means that the coding rate is 1/4, that is, every input corresponds to 4 outputs.
  • Other coding methods are similar and will not be repeated here.
  • BPSK, QPSK and 8PSK represent different modulation methods.
  • the full English name of BPSK is Binary Phase Shift Keying, and the Chinese name is Binary Phase Shift Keying; the full English name of QPSK is Quadrature Phase. Shift Keying, the Chinese full name is Quadrature Phase Shift Keying; the English full name of 8PSK is 8 Phase Shift Keying, and the Chinese name is 8 Phase Shift Keying.
  • the target modulation scheme may be 25K, 1/4 coded BPSK modulation.
  • the target modulation scheme can be 50K, 1/4 coded BPSK modulation. It is not limited here.
  • the embodiment of the present application provides 13 kinds of symbol rates and 7 kinds of modulation and coding methods, which can form 91 kinds of service rate stalls, that is, the embodiment of the present application provides 91 kinds of modulation schemes, which reduces the service rate The modulation step is increased, and the finally determined target modulation scheme is more refined, which improves the modulation effect of the scattering communication equipment during signal transmission.
  • the receiving end replies a test response to the sending end, so as to instruct the sending end to perform signal transmission based on the target modulation scheme.
  • the sending end receives the test response replied by the receiving end.
  • a test response is used to indicate a target modulation scheme.
  • the test response may include an identification of the target modulation scheme.
  • the receiving end performs power calculation based on the first pilot sequence and the second pilot sequence in the test signal, and obtains a signal-to-noise ratio estimate and a receiving level estimate.
  • the receiving end searches the preset mapping relationship table to determine the target modulation scheme matching the fixed power, SNR estimation and receiving level estimation.
  • each modulation scheme recorded in the preset mapping relationship table is used to indicate the symbol rate and modulation and coding mode that match the channel fading situation corresponding to the group of signal-to-noise ratio estimation and reception level estimation, and the service rate of the communication device, That is to say, the symbol rate and modulation and coding method, which match the channel fading conditions, can ensure that the bit error rate in the signal transmission process meets the requirements, make the bit error rate processing within a suitable range, and ensure the reliability of communication equipment transmission in the signal transmission process . Therefore, the signal transmission method provided in the present application can match the service rate of the communication equipment in the diffuse communication system to the channel fading situation, and ensure the reliability of the communication equipment in the diffuse communication system during signal transmission.
  • the signal transmission method provided in the embodiment of the present application further includes steps S301-S303.
  • the receiving end obtains the number of CRC error frames of the test signal.
  • the number of CRC error frames is used to characterize the channel attenuation of the test signal.
  • the signal transmission method provided by the embodiment of the present application can adjust the target modulation scheme based on the number of CRC error frames.
  • the number of CRC error frames is high, the channel attenuation of the test signal is relatively large, and the target modulation scheme.
  • the target modulation scheme When the number of CRC error frames is low, the channel attenuation of the test signal is small, and the target modulation scheme should be increased. Therefore, the symbol rate and modulation and coding mode of the communication equipment in the scatter communication system are more compatible with the channel fading, which improves the reliability of the communication equipment in the scatter communication system during signal transmission.
  • the embodiment of the present application uses a test signal to test the signal fading situation before the transmission of the signal to be transmitted, and the sending end and the receiving end can exchange the target modulation scheme to realize automatic switching of the modulation scheme.
  • the embodiment of the present application adopts multi-parameter modulation service rate, and the modulation scheme switching process has no bit errors, and the modulation is fine, so as to realize automatic smooth switching and avoid bit errors.
  • FIG. 5 shows a schematic structural diagram of a signal transmission device for a scatter communication system provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the signal transmission device is used to implement the signal transmission method in the above embodiment.
  • the signal transmission device includes a communication module 501 and processing module 502 .
  • the signal transmission device 500 When the signal transmission device 500 is applied to a receiving end, it is used to implement the signal transmission methods shown in FIGS. 2 to 4 .
  • the communication module 501 is configured to receive a test signal sent by the sending end, the test signal carries a first pilot sequence and a second pilot sequence transmitted at a fixed power.
  • the processing module 502 is used to extract the first pilot sequence and the second pilot sequence in the test signal, and perform power calculation on the first pilot sequence and the second pilot sequence to obtain the signal-to-noise ratio estimation and the reception level estimation .
  • the processing module 502 is also used to search the preset mapping relationship table to determine the target modulation scheme matching the fixed power, signal-to-noise ratio estimation and receiving level estimation.
  • the preset mapping relationship table records multiple sets of mapping relationships under fixed power , each set of mapping relationships includes a set of SNR estimates and received level estimates, and a modulation scheme, and each modulation scheme is used to indicate the channel fading conditions that match the set of SNR estimates and received level estimates. Symbol rate and modulation coding scheme.
  • the communication module 501 is further configured to reply a test response to the sending end, to instruct the sending end to perform signal transmission based on the target modulation scheme.
  • the processing module 502 is specifically configured to perform spectrum analysis on the test signal to determine the starting position of the first pilot sequence; according to the starting position of the first pilot sequence, the first pilot sequence The length of the first pilot sequence and the distance between the second pilot sequence determine the starting position of the second pilot sequence; according to the starting position of the first pilot sequence and the starting position of the second pilot sequence position, and extract the first pilot sequence and the second pilot sequence.
  • the processing module 502 is specifically configured to perform filtering processing and signal transformation on the first pilot sequence and the second pilot sequence to obtain the power spectrum of the first pilot sequence and the second pilot sequence Signal, the power spectrum signal is used to characterize the power density; calculate the difference between the power spectrum signal of the first pilot sequence and the second pilot sequence, and integrate the difference to obtain the signal-to-noise ratio estimate; calculate the first pilot sequence and the average value of the power spectrum signal of the second pilot sequence, and integrate the absolute value of the average value to obtain an estimated reception level.
  • the processing module 502 is also used to obtain the number of CRC error frames of the test signal at the receiving end; when the number of CRC error frames is greater than the preset upper limit, lower the target modulation scheme by one level to obtain a new Target modulation scheme; when the number of CRC error frames is less than the preset lower limit, increase the target modulation scheme by one level to obtain a new target modulation scheme.
  • the symbol rate is one of the following: 25K, 50K, 100K, 250K, 500K, 1M, 2M, 4M, 8M, 16M, 24M, 32M, and 48M;
  • the modulation and coding method is one of the following Item: "1/4 coded BPSK modulation”, “1/3 coded BPSK modulation”, “1/4 coded QPSK modulation”, “1/3 coded QPSK modulation”, “1/2 coded QPSK modulation”, "2/ 3-coded QPSK modulation” and "2/3-coded 8PSK modulation”.
  • the signal transmission device 500 When the signal transmission device 500 is applied to the sending end, it is used to implement the signal transmission methods shown in FIGS. 2 to 4 .
  • the communication module 501 is configured to send a test signal to a receiving end, the test signal carries a first pilot sequence and a second pilot sequence transmitted at a fixed power.
  • the communication module 501 is also used to receive a test response sent by the receiving end, the test response is used to indicate a target modulation scheme, and the target modulation scheme is used to indicate a symbol rate that matches the channel fading situation corresponding to the signal-to-noise ratio estimation and the reception level estimation and modulation coding methods.
  • the processing module 502 is configured to set a symbol rate and a modulation and coding method of the sending end based on the target modulation scheme.
  • the communication module 501 is further configured to send the signal to be transmitted to the receiving end with the target modulation scheme.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of an electronic device provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the electronic device 600 may be a receiving end in the scatter communication system shown in FIG. 1 , or may also be a sending end in the scatter communication system shown in FIG. 1 .
  • the electronic device 600 of this embodiment includes: a processor 601 , a memory 602 , and a computer program 603 stored in the memory 602 and operable on the processor 601 .
  • the processor 601 executes the computer program 603 the steps in the foregoing method embodiments are implemented, for example, steps 201 to 204 shown in FIG. 2 .
  • the processor 601 executes the computer program 603, the functions of the modules/units in the above-mentioned device embodiments, for example, the functions of the communication module 501 and the processing module 502 shown in FIG. 5 are implemented.
  • the computer program 603 may be divided into one or more modules/units, and the one or more modules/units are stored in the memory 602 and executed by the processor 601 to complete this application.
  • the one or more modules/units may be a series of computer program instruction segments capable of accomplishing specific functions, and the instruction segments are used to describe the execution process of the computer program 603 in the electronic device 600 .
  • the computer program 603 may be divided into a communication module 501 and a processing module 502 as shown in FIG. 5 .
  • the processor 601 can be a central processing unit (Central Processing Unit, CPU), can also be other general-purpose processors, digital signal processors (Digital Signal Processor, DSP), application specific integrated circuits (Application Specific Integrated Circuit, ASIC), field programmable gate array (Field-Programmable Gate Array, FPGA) or other programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic devices, discrete hardware components, etc.
  • CPU Central Processing Unit
  • DSP Digital Signal Processor
  • ASIC Application Specific Integrated Circuit
  • FPGA field programmable gate array
  • a general-purpose processor may be a microprocessor, or the processor may be any conventional processor, or the like.
  • the storage 602 may be an internal storage unit of the electronic device 600 , such as a hard disk or memory of the electronic device 600 .
  • the memory 602 may also be an external storage device of the electronic device 600, such as a plug-in hard disk equipped on the electronic device 500, a smart memory card (Smart Media Card, SMC), a secure digital (Secure Digital, SD) card, flash memory card (Flash Card), etc.
  • the storage 602 may also include both an internal storage unit of the electronic device 600 and an external storage device.
  • the memory 602 is used to store the computer program and other programs and data required by the terminal.
  • the memory 602 can also be used to temporarily store data that has been output or will be output.
  • the disclosed device/terminal and method may be implemented in other ways.
  • the device/terminal embodiments described above are only illustrative.
  • the division of the modules or units is only a logical function division.
  • the mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed may be through some interfaces, and the indirect coupling or communication connection of devices or units may be in electrical, mechanical or other forms.
  • the units described as separate components may or may not be physically separated, and the components shown as units may or may not be physical units, that is, they may be located in one place, or may be distributed to multiple network units. Part or all of the units can be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of this embodiment.
  • each functional unit in each embodiment of the present application may be integrated into one processing unit, each unit may exist separately physically, or two or more units may be integrated into one unit.
  • the above-mentioned integrated units can be implemented in the form of hardware or in the form of software functional units.
  • the integrated module/unit is realized in the form of a software function unit and sold or used as an independent product, it can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, all or part of the processes in the methods of the above embodiments in the present application can also be completed by instructing related hardware through computer programs.
  • the computer programs can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, and the computer When the program is executed by the processor, the steps in the above-mentioned various method embodiments can be realized.
  • the computer program includes computer program code, and the computer program code may be in the form of source code, object code, executable file or some intermediate form.
  • the computer-readable medium may include: any entity or device capable of carrying the computer program code, a recording medium, a USB flash drive, a removable hard disk, a magnetic disk, an optical disk, a computer memory, and a read-only memory (Read-Only Memory, ROM) , random access memory (Random Access Memory, RAM), electric carrier signal, telecommunication signal and software distribution medium, etc.
  • ROM Read-Only Memory
  • RAM Random Access Memory
  • electric carrier signal telecommunication signal and software distribution medium, etc.
  • the content contained in the computer-readable medium may be appropriately increased or decreased according to the requirements of legislation and patent practice in the jurisdiction. For example, in some jurisdictions, according to legislation and patent practice, computer-readable Excluding electrical carrier signals and telecommunication signals.

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Abstract

本申请提供一种用于散射通信系统的信号传输方法、信号传输装置及电子设备。该散射通信系统包括发送端和接收端，应用于接收端，该方法包括：接收端接收发送端发送的测试信号；提取测试信号中的第一导频序列和第二导频序列，并对第一导频序列和第二导频序列进行功率计算，得到信噪比估计和接收电平估计；接收端查找预设映射关系表，确定与固定功率、信噪比估计和接收电平估计匹配的目标调制方案；向发送端回复测试响应，以指示发送端基于目标调制方案进行信号传输。本申请能够实现散射通信系统中通信设备的业务速率与信道衰落情况相匹配，保证散射通信系统中通信设备信号传输时的可靠性。

Description

信号传输方法、信号传输装置及电子设备
本专利申请要求于2021年12月30日提交的中国专利申请No.CN202111659871.0的优先权。在先申请的公开内容通过整体引用并入本申请。
技术领域
本申请涉及散射通信技术领域，尤其涉及一种信号传输方法、信号传输装置及电子设备。
 背景技术
通信设备的业务速率与信道衰落情况是紧密相关的，较严重的信道衰落会严重降低通信设备的业务速率；而轻微的信道衰落则使通信设备工作在较高的业务速率上。且信号传输过程中，通信设备的业务速率与信道衰落情况不匹配，可以会导致较高的误码率。例如，信道衰落较严重时，选用较高的通信设备的业务速率，会增大信号传输过程中的误码率。而信道衰落轻微时，选用较低的通信设备的业务速率，误码率相应较小，但会造成信道资源浪费。可以理解的是，业务速率指的是通信设备在执行不同功能项业务时的数据传输速率。
蜂窝移动通信系统中信道衰落情况以对数阴影衰落和多径衰落为主，如此蜂窝移动通信系统仅以信道误码率判定业务速率，即可实现蜂窝移动通信系统中的自适应编码调制技术，使得蜂窝移动通信系统中的通信设备的业务速率与信道衰落情况相匹配，保证通信设备的可靠性。
而散射通信系统和蜂窝移动通信系统相比，不仅存在对数阴影衰落和多径衰落，还存在时间尺度上的慢衰落。慢衰落是由大气折射、大气湍流、大气层结等平均大气条件的变化而引起的，通常与频率的关系不大，而主要与气象条件、电路长度、地形等因素有关。因此，蜂窝移动通信系统仅以信道误码率判定业务速率的自适应编码调制技术，不能适用于信道衰落情况较为复杂的散射通信系统。如何实现散射通信系统中通信设备的业务速率与信道衰落情况相匹配，保证通信设备的可靠性是亟待解决的问题。
 技术问题
本申请提供了一种用于散射通信系统的信号传输方法、信号传输装置及电子设备，能够实现散射通信系统中通信设备的业务速率与信道衰落情况相匹配，保证散射通信系统中通信设备信号传输时的可靠性。
 技术解决方案
第一方面，本申请提供了一种用于散射通信系统的信号传输方法，该散射通信系统包括发送端和接收端，应用于接收端，该信号传输方法包括：接收端接收发送端发送的测试信号，测试信号携带有按固定功率发射的第一导频序列和第二导频序列；提取测试信号中的第一导频序列和第二导频序列，并对第一导频序列和第二导频序列进行功率计算，得到信噪比估计和接收电平估计；接收端查找预设映射关系表，确定与固定功率、信噪比估计和接收电平估计匹配的目标调制方案，预设映射关系表记录有在固定功率下的多组映射关系，每组映射关系包括一组信噪比估计和接收电平估计，以及一个调制方案，每个调制方案用于指示与该组信噪比估计和接收电平估计对应的信道衰落情况相匹配的符号速率和调制编码方式；向发送端回复测试响应，以指示发送端基于目标调制方案进行信号传输。
在一种可能的实现方式中，接收端提取测试信号中的第一导频序列和第二导频序列，包括：接收端对测试信号的进行筛选处理，确定第一导频序列的起始位置；接收端对测试信号进行频谱分析，确定第一导频序列的起始位置；接收端根据第一导频序列的起始位置、第一导频序列的长度、以及第一导频序列和第二导频序列之间的间距，确定第二导频序列的起始位置；接收端根据第一导频序列的起始位置和第二导频序列的起始位置，提取第一导频序列和第二导频序列。
在一种可能的实现方式中，对第一导频序列和第二导频序列进行功率计算，得到信噪比估计和接收电平估计，包括：接收端对第一导频序列和第二导频序列进行滤波处理和信号变换，得到第一导频序列和第二导频序列的功率谱信号，功率谱信号用于表征功率密度；接收端计算第一导频序列和第二导频序列的功率谱信号的差值，并对差值进行积分，得到信噪比估计；接收端计算第一导频序列和第二导频序列的功率谱信号的平均值，并对平均值的绝对值进行积分，得到接收电平估计。
在一种可能的实现方式中，接收端向发送端回复测试响应，之前，信号传输方法还包括：接收端获取测试信号的CRC错误帧数；在CRC错误帧数大于预设上限时，将目标调制方案调低一档，得到新的目标调制方案；在CRC错误帧数小于预设下限时，将目标调制方案调高一档，得到新的目标调制方案。
在一种可能的实现方式中，符号速率为以下其中一项：25K、50K、100K、250K、500K、1M、2M、4M、8M、16M、24M、32M和48M；调制编码方式为以下其中一项：“1/4编码BPSK调制”、“1/3编码BPSK调制”、“1/4编码QPSK调制”、“1/3编码QPSK调制”、“1/2编码QPSK调制”、“2/3编码QPSK调制”和“2/3编码8PSK调制”。
第二方面，本申请实施例提供了一种用于散射通信系统的信号传输方法，所述散射通信系统包括发送端和接收端，应用于发送端，该信号传输方法包括：发送端向接收端发送测试信号，测试信号携带有按固定功率发射的第一导频序列和第二导频序列；发送端接收接收端发送的测试响应，测试响应用于指示目标调制方案，目标调制方案用于指示与信噪比估计和接收电平估计对应的信道衰落情况相匹配符号速率和调制编码方式；发送端基于目标调制方案，设置发送端的符号速率和调制编码方式；发送端以目标调制方案向接收端发送待传输信号。
第三方面，本申请实施例提供了一种用于散射通信系统的信号传输装置，所述散射通信系统包括发送端和接收端；应用于接收端，所述信号传输装置包括通信模块和处理模块；通信模块，用于接收发送端发送的测试信号，测试信号携带有按固定功率发射的第一导频序列和第二导频序列；处理模块，用于提取测试信号中的第一导频序列和第二导频序列，并对第一导频序列和第二导频序列进行功率计算，得到信噪比估计和接收电平估计；处理模块，还用于查找预设映射关系表，确定与固定功率、信噪比估计和接收电平估计匹配的目标调制方案，预设映射关系表记录有在固定功率下的多组映射关系，每组映射关系包括一组信噪比估计和接收电平估计，以及一个调制方案，每个调制方案用于指示与该组信噪比估计和接收电平估计对应的信道衰落情况相匹配符号速率和调制编码方式；通信模块，还用于向发送端回复测试响应，以指示发送端基于目标调制方案进行信号传输。
在一种可能的实现方式中，处理模块，具体用于对测试信号进行频谱分析，确定第一导频序列的起始位置；根据第一导频序列的起始位置、第一导频序列的长度、以及第一导频序列和第二导频序列之间的间距，确定第二导频序列的起始位置；根据第一导频序列的起始位置和第二导频序列的起始位置，提取第一导频序列和第二导频序列。
在一种可能的实现方式中，处理模块，具体用于对第一导频序列和第二导频序列进行滤波处理和信号变换，得到第一导频序列和第二导频序列的功率谱信号，功率谱信号用于表征功率密度；计算第一导频序列和第二导频序列的功率谱信号的差值，并对差值进行积分，得到信噪比估计；计算第一导频序列和第二导频序列的功率谱信号的平均值，并对平均值的绝对值进行积分，得到接收电平估计。
在一种可能的实现方式中，处理模块，还用于获取测试信号的CRC错误帧数；在CRC错误帧数大于预设上限时，将目标调制方案调低一档，得到新的目标调制方案；在CRC错误帧数小于预设下限时，将目标调制方案调高一档，得到新的目标调制方案。
在一种可能的实现方式中，符号速率为以下其中一项：25K、50K、100K、250K、500K、1M、2M、4M、8M、16M、24M、32M和48M；调制编码方式为以下其中一项：“1/4编码BPSK调制”、“1/3编码BPSK调制”、“1/4编码QPSK调制”、“1/3编码QPSK调制”、“1/2编码QPSK调制”、“2/3编码QPSK调制”和“2/3编码8PSK调制”。
第四方面，本申请实施例提供了一种用于散射通信系统的信号传输装置，所述散射通信系统包括发送端和接收端；应用于发送端，所述信号传输装置包括通信模块和处理模块；通信模块，用于向接收端发送测试信号，测试信号携带有按固定功率发射的第一导频序列和第二导频序列；通信模块，还用于接收接收端发送的测试响应，测试响应用于指示目标调制方案，目标调制方案用于指示与信噪比估计和接收电平估计对应的信道衰落情况相匹配符号速率和调制编码方式；处理模块，用于基于目标调制方案，设置发送端的符号速率和调制编码方式；通信模块，还用于以目标调制方案向接收端发送待传输信号。
第五方面，本申请实施例还提供了一种电子设备，包括存储器、处理器以及存储在所述存储器中并可在所述处理器上运行的计算机程序，所述处理器执行所述计算机程序时实现如上第一方面或第二方面、以及第一方面或第二方面中任一种可能的实现方式所述方法的步骤。
第六方面，本申请实施例提供了一种计算机可读存储介质，所述计算机可读存储介质存储有计算机程序，所述计算机程序被处理器执行时实现如上第一方面或第二方面、以及第一方面或第二方面的任一种可能的实现方式所述方法的步骤。
 有益效果
本申请提供的信号传输方法、信号传输装置、电子设备及计算机可读存储介质，接收端基于测试信号中的第一导频序列和第二导频序列，进行功率计算，得到信噪比估计和接收电平估计。接收端查找预设映射关系表，确定与固定功率、信噪比估计和接收电平估计匹配的目标调制方案。由于预设映射关系表中记录的每个调制方案用于指示与该组信噪比估计和接收电平估计对应的信道衰落情况相匹配的符号速率和调制编码方式，而通信设备的业务速率，也即符号速率和调制编码方式，与信道衰落情况相匹配，可以保证信号传输过程中的误码率满足要求，使误码率处理合适范围内，保证通信设备传输在信号传输过程中的可靠性。因此，本申请提供的信号传输方法、信号传输装置、电子设备及计算机可读存储介质可以实现散射通信系统中通信设备的业务速率与信道衰落情况相匹配，保证散射通信系统中通信设备在信号传输过程中的可靠性。
 附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本申请实施例中的技术方案，下面将对实施例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本申请的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动性的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1是本申请实施例提供的一种信号传输方法的场景示意图；
图2是本申请实施例提供的一种信号传输方法的流程示意图；
图3是本申请实施例提供的另一种信号传输方法的流程示意图；
图4是本申请实施例提供的另一种信号传输方法的流程示意图；
图5是本申请实施例提供的一种电子设备的结构示意图；
图6是本申请实施例提供的另一种电子设备的结构示意图。
本申请的实施方式
以下描述中，为了说明而不是为了限定，提出了诸如特定系统结构、技术之类的具体细节，以便透彻理解本申请实施例。然而，本领域的技术人员应当清楚，在没有这些具体细节的其它实施例中也可以实现本申请。在其它情况中，省略对众所周知的系统、装置、电路以及方法的详细说明，以免不必要的细节妨碍本申请的描述。
在本申请的描述中，除非另有说明，“/”表示“或”的意思，例如，A/B可以表示A或B。本文中的“和/或”仅仅是一种描述关联对象的关联关系，表示可以存在三种关系，例如，A和/或B，可以表示：单独存在A，同时存在A和B，单独存在B这三种情况。此外，“至少一个”是指一个或一个以上，“多个”是指两个或两个以上。“第一”、“第二”等字样并不对数量和执行次序进行限定，并且“第一”、“第二”等字样也并不限定二者是否是相同关系。
在本申请实施例中，“示例性的”或者“例如”等词用于表示作例子、例证或说明。本申请实施例中被描述为“示例性的”或者“例如”的任何实施例或设计方案不应被解释为比其它实施例或设计方案更优选或更具优势。确切而言，使用“示例性的”或者“例如”等词旨在以具体方式呈现相关概念，便于理解。
此外，本申请的描述中所提到的术语“包括”和“具有”以及它们的任何变形，意图在于覆盖不排他的包含。例如包含了一系列步骤或模块的过程、方法、系统、产品或设备没有限定于已列出的步骤或模块，而是可选的还包括其他没有列出的步骤或模块，或可选的还包括对于这些过程、方法、产品或设备固有的其它步骤或模块。
为使本申请的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚，下面将结合本申请的附图通过具体实施例来进行说明。
图1为本申请实施例提供一种用于散射通信系统的信号传输方法的场景示意图。图1所示的散射通信系统包括发送端和接收端，发送端和接收端利用对流层及电离层中的不均匀性对电磁波产生的散射作用进行散射通信。由于大气折射、大气湍流、大气层结等平均大气条件的变化，导致发送端和接收端之间的信号传输存在慢衰落，因此，散射通信系统的信道衰落情况相比于蜂窝移动通信系统的信道衰落情况更为复杂。蜂窝移动通信系统仅以信道误码率判定链路速率的自适应编码调制技术，不能适用于信道衰落情况较为复杂的散射通信系统。散射通信系统中，如何实现通信设备的业务速率与信道衰落情况相匹配亟待解决。
为解决上述技术问题，如图2所示，本申请实施例提供了一种用于散射通信系统的信号传输方法，应用于图1所示的散射通信系统，该信号传输方法包括步骤S201-S204。
S201、发送端向接收端发送测试信号。相应的，接收端接收发送端发送的测试信号。
在一些实施例中，测试信号用于测试发送端和接收端之间的信道衰落情况。测试信号携带有按固定功率发射的第一导频序列和第二导频序列。导频序列常用于通信系统的信道估计和射频失真补偿。
在一些实施例中，第一导频序列和第二导频序列均为固定功率，固定时间长度的信号。
S202、接收端提取测试信号中的第一导频序列和第二导频序列，并对第一导频序列和第二导频序列进行功率计算，得到信噪比估计和接收电平估计。
其中，信噪比估计和接收电平估计用于表征测试信号的信道衰落情况。信噪比指的是信号与噪声的比例。
作为一种可能的实现方式，如图3所示，接收端可以通过步骤A1-A3提取测试信号中的第一导频序列和第二导频序列。
A1、接收端对测试信号进行频谱分析，确定第一导频序列的起始位置。
A2、接收端根据第一导频序列的起始位置、第一导频序列的长度、以及第一导频序列和第二导频序列之间的间距，确定第二导频序列的起始位置。
A3、接收端根据第一导频序列的起始位置和第二导频序列的起始位置，提取第一导频序列和第二导频序列。
上述步骤A1-A3利用频谱分析可以更准确地提取第一导频序列和第二导频序列，当然，并不局限于此。
作为一种可能的实现方式，如图3所示，接收端可以通过步骤A4-A6，确定信噪比估计和接收电平估计。
A4、接收端对第一导频序列和第二导频序列进行滤波处理和信号变换，得到第一导频序列和第二导频序列的功率谱信号。
其中，功率谱信号用于表征功率密度。
A5、接收端计算第一导频序列和第二导频序列的功率谱信号的差值，并对差值进行积分，得到信噪比估计。
A6、接收端计算第一导频序列和第二导频序列的功率谱信号的平均值，并对平均值的绝对值进行积分，得到接收电平估计。
上述步骤A4-A6通过滤波处理和信号变换可以得到更准确的功率谱信号，通过对差值进行积分的方式得到信噪比估计，通过对平均值的绝对值进行积分的方式得到接收电平估计，当然，并不局限于此。
S203、接收端查找预设映射关系表，确定与固定功率、信噪比估计和接收电平估计匹配的目标调制方案。
本申请实施例中，预设映射关系表记录有在固定功率下的多组映射关系，每组映射关系包括一组信噪比估计和接收电平估计，以及一个调制方案，每个调制方案用于指示与该组信噪比估计和接收电平估计对应的信道衰落情况相匹配的符号速率和调制编码方式。
其中，与信道衰落情况相匹配的符号速率和调制编码方式，可以为在该信道衰落情况下，满足信号传输的精确性条件时，最高等级的符号速率和调制编码方式。通过查找预设映射关系表，从多个调制方案中，确定目标调制方案。
符号速率指的是单位时间内传输的调制符号数。调制指的是将数据转换为模拟信号，编码指的是将数据转换为数字信号。业务速率可以由符号速率和调制编码方式进行表征，可以在符号速率和调制编码方式组合之后的档位范围内浮动。
示例性的，信号传输的精确性条件可以为CRC错误帧数满足预设范围。接收端可以基于CRC错误帧数，在每组信噪比估计和接收电平估计对应的信道衰落情况下，确定最高等级的符号速率和调制编码方式，从而建立预设映射关系表。其中，CRC的英文全称为Cyclic Redundancy Check，中文名称为循环冗余校验，可以利用算法实现错误检测。
例如，接收端可以在该信道衰落情况下，调整符号速率和调制编码方式，使得CRC错误帧数上下波动，当CRC错误帧数位于预设范围时，确定最高等级的符号速率和调制编码方式。
可以理解的是，CRC错误帧数越小，则表示信号传输过程中误码率越小，表示通信设备的业务速率相对于信道衰落情况较小，应提高通信设备的业务速率。CRC错误帧数越大，则表示信号传输过程中误码率越大，表示通信设备的业务速率相对于信道衰落情况较大，应降低通信设备的业务速率。
在一些实施例中，目标调制方案用于指示发送端向接收端发送信号时的符号速率和调制编码方式。目标调制方案还用于指示与信噪比估计和接收电平估计对应的信道衰落情况相匹配的符号速率和调制编码方式。
在一些实施例中，符号速率为以下其中一项：25K、50K、100K、250K、500K、1M、2M、4M、8M、16M、24M、32M和48M。其中，符号速率若以千为单位传输，则单位为Ksym/s，符号速率若以兆为单位传输，则单位为Msym/s，本实施例中，对两种单位分别进行了简写。
在一些实施例中，调制编码方式为以下其中一项：“1/4编码BPSK调制”、“1/3编码BPSK调制”、“1/4编码QPSK调制”、“1/3编码QPSK调制”、“1/2编码QPSK调制”、“2/3编码QPSK调制”和“2/3编码8PSK调制”。其中，1/4编码指的是编码速率为1/4，即每输入1个对应输出4个，其他编码方式类似，在此不再赘述。BPSK、QPSK和8PSK表示不同的调制方式，BPSK的英文全称为Binary Phase Shift Keying，中文名称为二进制相移键控；QPSK的英文全称为Quadrature Phase Shift Keying，中文全称为正交相移键控；8PSK的英文全称为8 Phase Shift Keying，中文名称为8移相键控。
示例性的，目标调制方案可以为25K，1/4编码BPSK调制。或者，目标调制方案可以为50K，1/4编码BPSK调制。在此不作限定。
可以理解的是，本申请实施例提供了13种符号速率，7种调制编码方式，可以形成91种业务速率档位，也即，本申请实施例提供了91种调制方案，减小了业务速率的调制步进，最终确定的目标调制方案更为精细，提高了散射通信设备在信号传输时的调制效果。
S204、接收端向发送端回复测试响应，以指示发送端基于目标调制方案进行信号传输。相应的，发送端接收接收端回复的测试响应。
在一些实施例中，测试响应用于指示目标调制方案。示例性的，测试响应可以包括目标调制方案的标识。
本申请提供的信号传输方法，接收端基于测试信号中的第一导频序列和第二导频序列，进行功率计算，得到信噪比估计和接收电平估计。接收端查找预设映射关系表，确定与固定功率、信噪比估计和接收电平估计匹配的目标调制方案。由于预设映射关系表中记录的每个调制方案用于指示与该组信噪比估计和接收电平估计对应的信道衰落情况相匹配的符号速率和调制编码方式，而通信设备的业务速率，也即符号速率和调制编码方式，与信道衰落情况相匹配，可以保证信号传输过程中的误码率满足要求，使误码率处理合适范围内，保证通信设备传输在信号传输过程中的可靠性。因此，本申请提供的信号传输方法可以实现散射通信系统中通信设备的业务速率与信道衰落情况相匹配，保证散射通信系统中通信设备在信号传输过程中的可靠性。
可选的，如图4所示，在步骤204之前，本申请实施例提供的信号传输方法还包括步骤S301-S303。
S301、接收端获取测试信号的CRC错误帧数。
在一些实施例中，CRC错误帧数用于表征测试信号的信道衰减情况。
需要说明的是，CRC错误帧数较高时，表示测试信号的信道衰减较大。CRC错误帧数较低时，表示测试信号的信道衰减较小。
S302、在CRC错误帧数大于预设上限时，将目标调制方案调低一档，得到新的目标调制方案。
S303、在CRC错误帧数小于预设下限时，将目标调制方案调高一档，得到新的目标调制方案。
基于图4所示的实施例，本申请实施例提供的信号传输方法可以基于CRC错误帧数对目标调制方案进行调整，在CRC错误帧数较高时，测试信号的信道衰减较大，调低目标调制方案。CRC错误帧数较低时，测试信号的信道衰减较小，调高目标调制方案。从而，散射通信系统中通信设备在信号传输时的符号速率和调制编码方式，与信道衰落情况的匹配性更高，提高了散射通信系统中通信设备在信号传输过程中的可靠性。
可以理解的是，一方面，本申请实施例在待传输信号传输之前利用测试信号对信号衰落情况进行测试，发送端和接收端可以互传目标调制方案，实现调制方案的自动切换。另一方面，本申请实施例采用多参数调制业务速率，调制方案切换过程无误码，且调制精细，实现自动平滑切换，避免误码产生。
应理解，上述实施例中各步骤的序号的大小并不意味着执行顺序的先后，各过程的执行顺序应以其功能和内在逻辑确定，而不应对本申请实施例的实施过程构成任何限定。
以下为本申请的装置实施例，对于其中未详尽描述的细节，可以参考上述对应的方法实施例，应当被认为已经记载在说明书中。
图5示出了本申请实施例提供的一种用于散射通信系统的信号传输装置的结构示意图，该信号传输装置用于实现上述实施例中的信号传输方法，该信号传输装置包括通信模块501和处理模块502。
在该信号传输装置500应用于接收端时，用于执行如图2至图4所示的信号传输方法。
通信模块501，用于接收发送端发送的测试信号，测试信号携带有按固定功率发射的第一导频序列和第二导频序列。
处理模块502，用于提取测试信号中的第一导频序列和第二导频序列，并对第一导频序列和第二导频序列进行功率计算，得到信噪比估计和接收电平估计。
处理模块502，还用于查找预设映射关系表，确定与固定功率、信噪比估计和接收电平估计匹配的目标调制方案，预设映射关系表记录有在固定功率下的多组映射关系，每组映射关系包括一组信噪比估计和接收电平估计，以及一个调制方案，每个调制方案用于指示与该组信噪比估计和接收电平估计对应的信道衰落情况相匹配的符号速率和调制编码方式。
通信模块501，还用于向发送端回复测试响应，以指示发送端基于目标调制方案进行信号传输。
在一种可能的实现方式中，处理模块502，具体用于对测试信号进行频谱分析，确定第一导频序列的起始位置；根据第一导频序列的起始位置、第一导频序列的长度、以及第一导频序列和第二导频序列之间的间距，确定第二导频序列的起始位置；根据第一导频序列的起始位置和第二导频序列的起始位置，提取第一导频序列和第二导频序列。
在一种可能的实现方式中，处理模块502，具体用于对第一导频序列和第二导频序列进行滤波处理和信号变换，得到第一导频序列和第二导频序列的功率谱信号，功率谱信号用于表征功率密度；计算第一导频序列和第二导频序列的功率谱信号的差值，并对差值进行积分，得到信噪比估计；计算第一导频序列和第二导频序列的功率谱信号的平均值，并对平均值的绝对值进行积分，得到接收电平估计。
在一种可能的实现方式中，处理模块502，还用于接收端获取测试信号的CRC错误帧数；在CRC错误帧数大于预设上限时，将目标调制方案调低一档，得到新的目标调制方案；在CRC错误帧数小于预设下限时，将目标调制方案调高一档，得到新的目标调制方案。
在一种可能的实现方式中，符号速率为以下其中一项：25K、50K、100K、250K、500K、1M、2M、4M、8M、16M、24M、32M和48M；调制编码方式为以下其中一项：“1/4编码BPSK调制”、“1/3编码BPSK调制”、“1/4编码QPSK调制”、“1/3编码QPSK调制”、“1/2编码QPSK调制”、“2/3编码QPSK调制”和“2/3编码8PSK调制”。
在该信号传输装置500应用于发送端时，用于执行如图2至图4所示的信号传输方法。
通信模块501，用于向接收端发送测试信号，测试信号携带有按固定功率发射的第一导频序列和第二导频序列。
通信模块501，还用于接收接收端发送的测试响应，测试响应用于指示目标调制方案，目标调制方案用于指示与信噪比估计和接收电平估计对应的信道衰落情况相匹配的符号速率和调制编码方式。
处理模块502，用于基于目标调制方案，设置发送端的符号速率和调制编码方式。
通信模块501，还用于以目标调制方案向接收端发送待传输信号。
图6是本申请实施例提供的一种电子设备的结构示意图。该电子设备600可以为图1所示的散射通信系统中的接收端，或者，还可以为图1所示的散射通信系统中的发送端。如图6所示，该实施例的电子设备600包括：处理器601、存储器602以及存储在所述存储器602中并可在所述处理器601上运行的计算机程序603。所述处理器601执行所述计算机程序603时实现上述各方法实施例中的步骤，例如图2所示的步骤201至步骤204。或者，所述处理器601执行所述计算机程序603时实现上述各装置实施例中各模块/单元的功能，例如，图5所示通信模块501和处理模块502的功能。
示例性的，所述计算机程序603可以被分割成一个或多个模块/单元，所述一个或者多个模块/单元被存储在所述存储器602中，并由所述处理器601执行，以完成本申请。所述一个或多个模块/单元可以是能够完成特定功能的一系列计算机程序指令段，该指令段用于描述所述计算机程序603在所述电子设备600中的执行过程。例如，所述计算机程序603可以被分割成图5所示通信模块501和处理模块502。
所述处理器601可以是中央处理单元(Central Processing Unit，CPU)，还可以是其他通用处理器、数字信号处理器 (Digital Signal Processor，DSP)、专用集成电路 (Application Specific Integrated Circuit，ASIC)、现场可编程门阵列 (Field-Programmable Gate Array，FPGA) 或者其他可编程逻辑器件、分立门或者晶体管逻辑器件、分立硬件组件等。通用处理器可以是微处理器或者该处理器也可以是任何常规的处理器等。
所述存储器602可以是所述电子设备600的内部存储单元，例如电子设备600的硬盘或内存。所述存储器602也可以是所述电子设备600的外部存储设备，例如所述电子设备500上配备的插接式硬盘，智能存储卡（Smart Media Card，SMC），安全数字（Secure Digital，SD）卡，闪存卡（Flash Card）等。进一步地，所述存储器602还可以既包括所述电子设备600的内部存储单元也包括外部存储设备。所述存储器602用于存储所述计算机程序以及所述终端所需的其他程序和数据。所述存储器602还可以用于暂时地存储已经输出或者将要输出的数据。
所属领域的技术人员可以清楚地了解到，为了描述的方便和简洁，仅以上述各功能单元、模块的划分进行举例说明，实际应用中，可以根据需要而将上述功能分配由不同的功能单元、模块完成，即将所述装置的内部结构划分成不同的功能单元或模块，以完成以上描述的全部或者部分功能。实施例中的各功能单元、模块可以集成在一个处理单元中，也可以是各个单元单独物理存在，也可以两个或两个以上单元集成在一个单元中，上述集成的单元既可以采用硬件的形式实现，也可以采用软件功能单元的形式实现。另外，各功能单元、模块的具体名称也只是为了便于相互区分，并不用于限制本申请的保护范围。上述系统中单元、模块的具体工作过程，可以参考前述方法实施例中的对应过程，在此不再赘述。
在上述实施例中，对各个实施例的描述都各有侧重，某个实施例中没有详述或记载的部分，可以参见其它实施例的相关描述。
本领域普通技术人员可以意识到，结合本文中所公开的实施例描述的各示例的单元及算法步骤，能够以电子硬件、或者计算机软件和电子硬件的结合来实现。这些功能究竟以硬件还是软件方式来执行，取决于技术方案的特定应用和设计约束条件。专业技术人员可以对每个特定的应用来使用不同方法来实现所描述的功能，但是这种实现不应认为超出本申请的范围。
在本申请所提供的实施例中，应该理解到，所揭露的装置/终端和方法，可以通过其它的方式实现。例如，以上所描述的装置/终端实施例仅仅是示意性的，例如，所述模块或单元的划分，仅仅为一种逻辑功能划分，实际实现时可以有另外的划分方式，例如多个单元或组件可以结合或者可以集成到另一个系统，或一些特征可以忽略，或不执行。另一点，所显示或讨论的相互之间的耦合或直接耦合或通讯连接可以是通过一些接口，装置或单元的间接耦合或通讯连接，可以是电性，机械或其它的形式。
所述作为分离部件说明的单元可以是或者也可以不是物理上分开的，作为单元显示的部件可以是或者也可以不是物理单元，即可以位于一个地方，或者也可以分布到多个网络单元上。可以根据实际的需要选择其中的部分或者全部单元来实现本实施例方案的目的。
另外，在本申请各个实施例中的各功能单元可以集成在一个处理单元中，也可以是各个单元单独物理存在，也可以两个或两个以上单元集成在一个单元中。上述集成的单元既可以采用硬件的形式实现，也可以采用软件功能单元的形式实现。
所述集成的模块/单元如果以软件功能单元的形式实现并作为独立的产品销售或使用时，可以存储在一个计算机可读取存储介质中。基于这样的理解，本申请实现上述实施例方法中的全部或部分流程，也可以通过计算机程序来指令相关的硬件来完成，所述的计算机程序可存储于一计算机可读存储介质中，该计算机程序在被处理器执行时，可实现上述各个方法实施例的步骤。其中，所述计算机程序包括计算机程序代码，所述计算机程序代码可以为源代码形式、对象代码形式、可执行文件或某些中间形式等。所述计算机可读介质可以包括：能够携带所述计算机程序代码的任何实体或装置、记录介质、U盘、移动硬盘、磁碟、光盘、计算机存储器、只读存储器（Read-Only Memory，ROM）、随机存取存储器（Random Access Memory，RAM）、电载波信号、电信信号以及软件分发介质等。需要说明的是，所述计算机可读介质包含的内容可以根据司法管辖区内立法和专利实践的要求进行适当的增减，例如在某些司法管辖区，根据立法和专利实践，计算机可读介质不包括是电载波信号和电信信号。
以上所述实施例仅用以说明本申请的技术方案，而非对其限制；尽管参照前述实施例对本申请进行了详细的说明，本领域的普通技术人员应当理解：其依然可以对前述各实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改，或者对其中部分技术特征进行等同替换；而这些修改或者替换，并不使相应技术方案的本质脱离本申请各实施例技术方案的精神和范围，均应包含在本申请的保护范围之内。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种用于散射通信系统的信号传输方法，其特征在于，所述散射通信系统包括发送端和接收端；
    应用于接收端，所述信号传输方法包括：
    接收发送端发送的测试信号，所述测试信号携带有按固定功率发射的第一导频序列和第二导频序列；
    提取所述测试信号中的所述第一导频序列和所述第二导频序列，并对所述第一导频序列和所述第二导频序列进行功率计算，得到信噪比估计和接收电平估计；
    查找预设映射关系表，确定与所述固定功率、所述信噪比估计和所述接收电平估计匹配的目标调制方案，所述预设映射关系表记录有在所述固定功率下的多组映射关系，每组所述映射关系包括一组所述信噪比估计和所述接收电平估计，以及一个调制方案，每个所述调制方案用于指示与该组所述信噪比估计和所述接收电平估计对应的信道衰落情况相匹配的符号速率和调制编码方式；
    向所述发送端回复测试响应，以指示所述发送端基于所述目标调制方案进行信号传输。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的信号传输方法，其特征在于，所述提取所述测试信号中的所述第一导频序列和所述第二导频序列，包括：
    对所述测试信号进行频谱分析，确定所述第一导频序列的起始位置；
    根据所述第一导频序列的起始位置、所述第一导频序列的长度、以及所述第一导频序列和所述第二导频序列之间的间距，确定所述第二导频序列的起始位置；
    根据所述第一导频序列的起始位置和所述第二导频序列的起始位置，提取所述第一导频序列和所述第二导频序列。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的信号传输方法，其特征在于，所述对所述第一导频序列和所述第二导频序列进行功率计算，得到信噪比估计和接收电平估计，包括：
    对所述第一导频序列和所述第二导频序列进行滤波处理和信号变换，得到所述第一导频序列和所述第二导频序列的功率谱信号，所述功率谱信号用于表征功率密度；
    计算所述第一导频序列和所述第二导频序列的功率谱信号的差值，并对所述差值进行积分，得到所述信噪比估计；
    计算所述第一导频序列和所述第二导频序列的功率谱信号的平均值，并对所述平均值的绝对值进行积分，得到接收电平估计。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的信号传输方法，其特征在于，所述向所述发送端回复测试响应，之前，所述信号传输方法还包括：
    获取所述测试信号的CRC错误帧数；
    在所述CRC错误帧数大于预设上限时，将所述目标调制方案调低一档，得到新的目标调制方案；
    在所述CRC错误帧数小于预设下限时，将所述目标调制方案调高一档，得到新的目标调制方案。
  5. 根据权利要求1至4中任一项所述的信号传输方法，其特征在于，所述符号速率为以下其中一项：25K、50K、100K、250K、500K、1M、2M、4M、8M、16M、24M、32M和48M；
    所述调制编码方式为以下其中一项：“1/4编码BPSK调制”、“1/3编码BPSK调制”、“1/4编码QPSK调制”、“1/3编码QPSK调制”、“1/2编码QPSK调制”、“2/3编码QPSK调制”和“2/3编码8PSK调制”。
  6. 一种用于散射通信系统的信号传输装置，其特征在于，所述散射通信系统包括发送端和接收端；
    应用于接收端，所述信号传输装置包括通信模块和处理模块；
    所述通信模块，用于接收发送端发送的测试信号，所述测试信号携带有按固定功率发射的第一导频序列和第二导频序列；
    所述处理模块，用于提取所述测试信号中的所述第一导频序列和所述第二导频序列，并对所述第一导频序列和所述第二导频序列进行功率计算，得到信噪比估计和接收电平估计；
    所述处理模块，还用于查找预设映射关系表，确定与所述固定功率、所述信噪比估计和所述接收电平估计匹配的目标调制方案，所述预设映射关系表记录有在所述固定功率下的多组映射关系，每组所述映射关系包括一组所述信噪比估计和所述接收电平估计，以及一个调制方案，每个所述调制方案用于指示与该组所述信噪比估计和所述接收电平估计对应的信道衰落情况下相匹配的符号速率和调制编码方式；
    所述通信模块，还用于向所述发送端回复测试响应，以指示所述发送端基于所述目标调制方案进行信号传输。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的信号传输装置，其特征在于，
    所述处理模块，具体用于对所述测试信号进行频谱分析，确定所述第一导频序列的起始位置；根据所述第一导频序列的起始位置、所述第一导频序列的长度、以及所述第一导频序列和所述第二导频序列之间的间距，确定所述第二导频序列的起始位置；根据所述第一导频序列的起始位置和所述第二导频序列的起始位置，提取所述第一导频序列和所述第二导频序列。
  8. 根据权利要求6所述的信号传输装置，其特征在于，
    所述处理模块，具体用于对所述第一导频序列和所述第二导频序列进行滤波处理和信号变换，得到所述第一导频序列和所述第二导频序列的功率谱信号，所述功率谱信号用于表征功率密度；计算所述第一导频序列和所述第二导频序列的功率谱信号的差值，并对所述差值进行积分，得到所述信噪比估计；计算所述第一导频序列和所述第二导频序列的功率谱信号的平均值，并对所述平均值的绝对值进行积分，得到所述接收电平估计。
  9. 一种电子设备，其特征在于，所述电子设备包括存储器、处理器以及存储在所述存储器中并可在所述处理器上运行的计算机程序，其特征在于，所述处理器执行所述计算机程序时实现如上的权利要求1至5中任一项所述方法的步骤。
  10. 一种计算机可读存储介质，所述计算机可读存储介质存储有计算机程序，其特征在于，所述计算机程序被处理器执行时实现如上的权利要求1至5中任一项所述方法的步骤。
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