WO2023123683A1 - 储能装置的控制方法、装置及风力发电机组 - Google Patents

储能装置的控制方法、装置及风力发电机组 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023123683A1
WO2023123683A1 PCT/CN2022/080631 CN2022080631W WO2023123683A1 WO 2023123683 A1 WO2023123683 A1 WO 2023123683A1 CN 2022080631 W CN2022080631 W CN 2022080631W WO 2023123683 A1 WO2023123683 A1 WO 2023123683A1
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Prior art keywords
power
energy storage
storage device
generating set
wind
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PCT/CN2022/080631
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
余梦婷
陈勇
敬双
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北京金风科创风电设备有限公司
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Priority to AU2022428222A priority Critical patent/AU2022428222A1/en
Publication of WO2023123683A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023123683A1/zh

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D7/00—Controlling wind motors 
    • F03D7/02—Controlling wind motors  the wind motors having rotation axis substantially parallel to the air flow entering the rotor
    • F03D7/028—Controlling wind motors  the wind motors having rotation axis substantially parallel to the air flow entering the rotor controlling wind motor output power
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D7/00—Controlling wind motors 
    • F03D7/02—Controlling wind motors  the wind motors having rotation axis substantially parallel to the air flow entering the rotor
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
    • H02J3/28—Arrangements for balancing of the load in a network by storage of energy
    • H02J3/32—Arrangements for balancing of the load in a network by storage of energy using batteries with converting means
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
    • H02J3/38—Arrangements for parallely feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers

Definitions

  • the present disclosure generally relates to the field of electric power technology, and more specifically, relates to a control method and device for an energy storage device and a wind power generator set.
  • Exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure provide a control method and device for an energy storage device and a wind power generating set, which can optimize the actual power curve of the wind generating set.
  • a control method of an energy storage device the energy storage device is electrically connected to the DC bus of the converter of the wind power generating set, wherein the control method includes: determining the Whether the wind power generating set is in the generating state; in response to the wind generating set being in the generating state, controlling the output power of the energy storage device so that the actual power curve of the wind generating set tracks the target power curve.
  • a control device for an energy storage device the energy storage device is electrically connected to a DC bus of a converter of a wind power generating set
  • the control device includes: power generation state determination A unit configured to determine whether the wind power generating set is in a power generating state; a power control unit configured to control the output power of the energy storage device in response to the wind power generating set being in a power generating state so that the wind power The actual power curve of the unit tracks the target power curve.
  • a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program, when the computer program is executed by a processor, the processor is prompted to perform the control of the energy storage device as described above method.
  • a controller includes: a processor; a memory storing a computer program, when the computer program is executed by the processor, the processor is prompted to perform the above The control method of the energy storage device.
  • a wind power generating set includes an energy storage device, and the control device for the energy storage device as described above or the controller as described above, the energy storage
  • the device is electrically connected to the DC bus of the converter of the wind power generating set; the controller or the control device is used to determine whether the wind generating set is in the power generation state, and respond to the wind power generating set in the power generating state , controlling the output power of the energy storage device, so that the actual power curve of the wind generating set tracks the target power curve.
  • the actual power curve of the wind generating set can be optimized.
  • the power generation performance of the set can be improved;
  • the test cycle of the curve can be improved to improve the test success rate of the power curve of the unit.
  • FIG. 1 shows a flowchart of a control method of an energy storage device according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 2 shows a flowchart of a method of controlling output power of an energy storage device according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure
  • Fig. 3 shows a flowchart of a method for controlling output power of an energy storage device according to another exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 4 shows an example of a control method of an energy storage device according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure
  • Fig. 5 shows an example of an actual power curve of a wind park according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure
  • Fig. 6 shows a structural block diagram of a control device of an energy storage device according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure
  • Fig. 7 shows a structural block diagram of a wind power generating set according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • Fig. 1 shows a flowchart of a control method of an energy storage device according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the control method may be executed by the main controller of the wind power generating set (ie, the main control of the wind turbine) or the controller of the converter of the set.
  • the method for controlling the energy storage device may be executed periodically according to a preset period T, or may be executed in real time.
  • the energy storage device is electrically connected to the DC bus of the converter of the wind power generating set.
  • the DC bus is a DC bus between the generator-side converter and the grid-side converter.
  • the energy storage device is installed on the DC bus side of the unit, and the control method is executed by the main controller of the wind turbine.
  • a controller of the converter controls the energy storage device based on the control signal.
  • the energy storage device includes, but is not limited to: battery energy storage, flywheel energy storage. It should be understood that the energy storage device may also be another suitable type of energy storage device, which is not limited in the present disclosure.
  • step S10 it is determined whether the wind power generating set is in a generating state.
  • step S20 in response to the wind power generating set being in a generating state, the output power of the energy storage device is controlled so that the actual power curve of the wind generating set tracks the target power curve.
  • the target power curve may be a guaranteed power curve, a theoretical power curve, or a standard power curve of the wind power generating set.
  • the guaranteed power curve of a wind turbine can be understood as the power curve that the manufacturer promises that the wind turbine can achieve.
  • the output power of the energy storage device is controlled according to at least one of the following items: the sector where the wind generating set is currently located, whether the wind generating set is in the power curve test state, whether the wind generating set is in a specific power generation state, the energy storage The remaining power of the device and the current operating environment parameters of the wind turbine.
  • the specific power generation state includes: a full power state and/or a limited power state.
  • step S20 an exemplary embodiment of step S20 will be described with reference to FIG. 2 and FIG. 3 .
  • FIG. 2 shows a flowchart of a method of controlling output power of an energy storage device according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • step S101 in response to the fact that the wind power generating set is in a power curve test state and the current sector belongs to the test sector range, it is determined whether the wind power generating set is in a specific power generation state.
  • step S102 in response to the wind power generating set not being in the specific power generation state, the energy storage device is controlled to output power according to the target power curve corresponding to the current operating environment parameters of the wind power generating set.
  • the energy storage device in response to the fact that the wind power generating set is not in the specific power generation state, if the remaining power of the energy storage device is lower than the preset mandatory power reserve level, the energy storage device is controlled to be in the standby state; if the remaining power of the energy storage device If it is not lower than the preset mandatory power maintenance level, the energy storage device is controlled to output power outward according to the target power curve corresponding to the current operating environment parameters of the wind power generating set.
  • the standby state can be understood as a state to be discharged and a state to be charged. It neither discharges to output power nor charges to absorb power from the outside.
  • step S102 includes: first determining the target power curve corresponding to the current ambient air density of the wind generating set; The target power corresponding to the wind speed.
  • the output power of the energy storage device is controlled to be ⁇ P, where ⁇ P is the difference between the current actual output power and the target power, where ⁇ P is less than 0, Indicates that the energy storage device is discharged; when the current actual output power of the wind turbine is not less than the target power, the energy storage device is controlled to be in a standby state.
  • the actual output power of the wind generating set is the output power of the wind generating set measured by the electric energy meter.
  • step S103 in response to the wind power generating set being in a specific power generation state, the energy storage device is controlled to absorb power from the outside for charging according to the target power curve corresponding to the current operating environment parameters of the wind power generating set.
  • the energy storage device in response to the wind power generating set being in a specific power generation state, if the remaining power of the energy storage device is not lower than the rated energy storage capacity level, the energy storage device is controlled to be in the standby state; if the remaining power of the energy storage device is lower than the rated energy storage capacity Capacity level, according to the target power curve corresponding to the current operating environment parameters of the wind power generating set, the energy storage device is controlled to absorb power from the outside for charging.
  • executing step S103 includes: first determining the target power curve corresponding to the current ambient air density of the wind generating set; and then determining whether the current actual output power of the wind generating set is greater than The target power corresponding to the ambient wind speed.
  • the output power of the energy storage device is controlled to be ⁇ P, where ⁇ P is the difference between the current actual output power and the target power, where ⁇ P is greater than 0, Indicates that the energy storage device is charging; when the current actual output power of the wind turbine is not greater than the target power, the energy storage device is controlled to be in a standby state.
  • the target power is: in the target power curve corresponding to the current ambient air density of the wind power generating set, the output power value when the ambient wind speed is the current actual ambient wind speed.
  • the target power can also be understood as the guaranteed power under the current operating environment parameters of the wind power generating set.
  • Fig. 3 shows a flowchart of a method of controlling output power of an energy storage device according to another exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • step S201 when the wind turbine is not in the power curve test state or the current sector is not within the range of the test sector, it is determined whether the remaining power of the energy storage device is lower than the rated capacity of the energy storage. It should be understood that the above test sector range is the power curve test sector range.
  • step S202 is executed to control the energy storage device to be in a standby state.
  • the energy storage rated capacity level is determined based on the theoretical rated capacity of the energy storage device and a certain dead zone range.
  • step S203 is executed to determine whether the remaining power of the energy storage device is lower than a preset mandatory power retention level.
  • step S204 is executed to control the energy storage device to enter a periodic charging mode.
  • step S205 is executed to determine whether the wind power generating set is in a specific power generation state.
  • step S206 is executed to control the energy storage device to be in a standby state.
  • step S207 is executed to control the energy storage device to absorb power from the outside for charging according to the target power curve corresponding to the current operating environment parameters of the wind power generating set.
  • step S207 includes: first determining the target power curve corresponding to the current ambient air density of the wind generating set; The target power corresponding to the wind speed.
  • the output power of the energy storage device is controlled to be ⁇ P, where ⁇ P is the difference between the current actual output power and the target power, where ⁇ P is greater than 0, Indicates that the energy storage device is charging; when the current actual output power of the wind turbine is not greater than the target power, the energy storage device is controlled to be in a standby state.
  • FIG. 4 illustrates an example of a control method of an energy storage device according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • step S301 it is judged whether the unit is in the power generation state; if the unit is not in the power generation state, the energy storage device does not work and the enable bit is FALSE; bit is TRUE, and go to step S302.
  • step S302 it is judged whether the unit power curve test flag is TRUE, and whether the current sector of the unit is in the power curve test sector; if both are TRUE, proceed to step S303; otherwise proceed to step S307.
  • step S303 it is judged whether the unit full power flag is TRUE and whether the power limit flag is TRUE; if both are not TRUE, go to step S304, otherwise go to step S306.
  • step S304 it is judged whether the remaining power of the energy storage device is less than the set mandatory power retention level; if not, go to step S305; otherwise, control the energy storage when the remaining power of the energy storage device is less than the set mandatory power retention level The device is in a waiting state and does not output power externally.
  • the external output power is positive, indicating that the energy storage device absorbs power from the outside; if it is not less than, the energy storage device is controlled to be in a state of being discharged, but no external power is output.
  • step S306 it is judged whether the remaining power of the energy storage device is within the range of the rated capacity of the energy storage considering the dead zone range;
  • the output power ⁇ P of the energy storage device the power of the electric energy meter - the guaranteed power of the unit.
  • step S307 it is determined whether the remaining power of the energy storage device is within the range of the rated energy storage capacity considering the dead zone range; if yes, the energy storage device is controlled to be in the state of waiting for discharge, but does not output power; if not, enter the step S308.
  • step S308 it is judged whether the remaining power of the energy storage device is less than the mandatory power reserve level, if so, control the energy storage device to enter the periodic charging mode, that is, slowly charge at night according to the set power value; if not, enter step S308 S309.
  • Fig. 5 shows an example of an actual power curve of a wind park according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the wind power generating set The actual power curve is closer to the guaranteed power curve.
  • the energy storage device is used to optimize the power curve during the full operation period of the unit (from start-up to power generation operation), so as to increase the power generation and facilitate the test of the power curve.
  • the sector is also considered when optimizing the power curve factor.
  • Fig. 6 shows a structural block diagram of a control device of an energy storage device according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure, wherein the energy storage device is electrically connected to a DC bus of a converter of a wind power generating set.
  • the control device of an energy storage device includes: a power generation state determination unit 10 and a power control unit 20 .
  • the power generation state determination unit 10 is configured to determine whether the wind power generating set is in a power generation state.
  • the power control unit 20 is configured to control the output power of the energy storage device in response to the wind power generating set being in a generating state, so that the actual power curve of the wind generating set tracks the target power curve.
  • the power control unit 20 is configured to control the output power of the energy storage device according to the sector where the wind power generating set is currently located.
  • the power control unit 20 is configured to: determine whether the wind power generating set is in a specific power generation state in response to the wind power generating set being in the power curve test state and the current sector belongs to the test sector range; Power generation state, according to the target power curve corresponding to the current operating environment parameters of the wind power generating set, control the external output power of the energy storage device; in response to the specific power generation state of the wind generating set, according to the current operating environment parameters of the wind Corresponding to the target power curve, the energy storage device is controlled to absorb power from the outside for charging.
  • the power control unit 20 is configured to: in response to the fact that the wind generating set is in the power curve test state and the current sector belongs to the test sector range, and the wind generating set is not in the above-mentioned specific power generation state, determine the current environment of the wind generating set The target power curve corresponding to the air density; determine whether the current actual output power of the wind turbine is less than the target power corresponding to the current ambient wind speed of the wind turbine in the determined target power curve; respond to the current actual output power of the wind turbine less than the target Power, the output power of the control energy storage device is ⁇ P, where ⁇ P is the difference between the current actual output power and the target power, where, when ⁇ P is less than 0, it means that the energy storage device is discharged; in response to the current The actual output power is not less than the determined target power, and the energy storage device is controlled to be in a standby state.
  • the power control unit 20 is configured to: in response to the fact that the wind power generating set is in the power curve test state and the current sector belongs to the test sector range, and the wind power generating set is not in the above-mentioned specific power generation state, if the remaining power of the energy storage device is low
  • the energy storage device is controlled to be in the standby state if it is lower than the preset mandatory power reserve level; if the remaining power of the energy storage device is not lower than the preset mandatory power reserve level, then according to the target power curve , to control the external output power of the energy storage device;
  • the power control unit is configured to: respond to the fact that the wind turbine is in the power curve test state and the current sector belongs to the test sector range, and the wind turbine is in a specific power generation state, if the energy storage device If the remaining power of the energy storage device is not lower than the rated capacity level of the energy storage, the energy storage device is controlled to be in the standby state;
  • the target power curve is used to control the energy storage device to absorb power
  • the power control unit 20 is configured to: determine whether the remaining power of the energy storage device is lower than the rated energy storage capacity level in response to the fact that the wind power generating set is not in the power curve test state or the current sector does not belong to the test sector range; In response to the remaining power of the energy storage device is not lower than the rated capacity of the energy storage, the energy storage device is controlled to be in the standby state; in response to the remaining power of the energy storage device is lower than the rated capacity of the energy storage Preset the mandatory power reserve level, then control the energy storage device to enter the periodic charging mode; in response to the remaining power of the energy storage device being lower than the rated capacity level of the energy storage device, the remaining power of the energy storage device is not lower than the preset mandatory power protection level and the wind turbine is not in a specific power generation state, the energy storage device is controlled to be in the standby state; in response to the remaining power of the energy storage device being lower than the rated capacity of the energy storage, the remaining power of the energy storage device is not lower than the
  • the power control unit 20 may be configured to: in response to the fact that the wind generating set is in the power curve test state and the current sector belongs to the test sector range, and the wind generating set is in a specific power generation state, determine the current ambient air current of the wind generating set The target power curve corresponding to the density; determine whether the current actual output power of the wind turbine is greater than the target power corresponding to the current ambient wind speed of the wind turbine in the determined target power curve; respond to the fact that the current actual output power of the wind turbine is greater than the target power , the output power of the control energy storage device is ⁇ P, where ⁇ P is the difference between the current actual output power and the target power, where, when ⁇ P is greater than 0, it means that the energy storage device is charging; in response to the current actual output power of the wind turbine The output power is not greater than the target power, and the energy storage device is controlled to be in a standby state.
  • the power control unit 20 is configured to: respond to the fact that the wind power generating set is not in the power curve test state or the current sector does not belong to the test sector range, the remaining power of the energy storage device is lower than the rated capacity of the energy storage, and the energy storage The remaining power of the device is not lower than the preset mandatory power protection level and the wind turbine is in a specific power generation state, determine the target power curve corresponding to the current ambient air density of the wind turbine; determine whether the current actual output power of the wind turbine is greater than the determined In the target power curve of , the target power corresponding to the current ambient wind speed of the wind turbine; in response to the current actual output power of the wind turbine being greater than the target power, the output power of the energy storage device is controlled to be ⁇ P, where ⁇ P is the current actual output The difference between the power and the target power, wherein, when ⁇ P is greater than 0, it means that the energy storage device is charging; in response to the current actual output power of the wind turbine is not greater than the target power, the energy storage
  • the above specific power generation state includes: a full power state and/or a limited power state.
  • control device of the energy storage device may be set in the main controller of the wind power generating set, or in the controller of the converter.
  • each unit in the control device of an energy storage device may be implemented as a hardware component and/or a software component.
  • Those skilled in the art may implement each unit, for example, by using a Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) or an Application Specific Integrated Circuit (ASIC) according to the defined processing performed by each unit.
  • FPGA Field Programmable Gate Array
  • ASIC Application Specific Integrated Circuit
  • Exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure provide a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program.
  • the processor is prompted to execute the energy storage device described in the above-mentioned exemplary embodiments. control method.
  • the computer readable storage medium is any data storage device that can store data that is read by a computer system. Examples of computer-readable storage media include: read-only memory, random-access memory, compact disc-read-only, magnetic tape, floppy disk, optical data storage devices, and carrier waves (such as data transmission over the Internet via wired or wireless transmission paths).
  • a controller includes: a processor (not shown) and a memory (not shown), wherein the memory stores a computer program that, when executed by the processor, causes the The processor executes the method for controlling the energy storage device as described in the above exemplary embodiments.
  • the controller can be arranged in the main controller of the wind power plant, or in the controller of the converter.
  • Fig. 7 shows a structural block diagram of a wind power generating set according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the wind power generating set in the exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure includes an energy storage device, and the controller or control device as described in the above exemplary embodiments, the energy storage device and the converter of the wind power generating set DC bus electrical connection, for example, the energy storage device can be connected to the DC bus of the wind turbine converter through a DC/DC converter.
  • the above-mentioned controller or control device is used to determine whether the wind generating set is in the generating state, and in response to the wind generating set being in the generating state, control the output power of the energy storage device so that the actual power curve of the wind generating set tracks the target power curve.

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Abstract

一种储能装置的控制方法，该储能装置电连接至风力发电机组的变流器的直流母线，该方法包括：确定风力发电机组是否处于发电状态；响应于风力发电机组处于发电状态，控制储能装置的输出功率，以使风力发电机组的实际功率曲线跟踪目标功率曲线。还包括一种储能装置的控制装置、计算机可读存储介质、控制器以及风力发电机组。

Description

储能装置的控制方法、装置及风力发电机组 技术领域
本公开总体说来涉及电力技术领域，更具体地讲，涉及一种储能装置的控制方法、装置及风力发电机组。
背景技术
随着新能源发电机组渗透率的不断增加，在高渗透率区域电网内，风力发电机组的安全性、稳定性引起了广泛关注。电网实际运行中，当电量消耗与电量供给不匹配时，即可引起电网频率出现变化较小、变动周期较短的微小分量，这种频率扰动主要靠风力发电机组本身的调节系统自动调整以完成电网负荷补偿，修正电网频率的波动，这个过程即为风力发电机组的一次调频。风力发电机组可通过控制储能装置来进行一次调频等来满足电网调度要求。
由于风力发电机组自身性能受到环境温度、风资源情况影响，机组的功率曲线测试周期较长、测试成功率较低，期间投入的人力和成本非常可观。
发明内容
本公开的示例性实施例在于提供一种储能装置的控制方法、装置及风力发电机组，其能够优化风力发电机组的实际功率曲线。
根据本公开实施例的第一方面，提供一种储能装置的控制方法，所述储能装置电连接至风力发电机组的变流器的直流母线，其中，所述控制方法包括：确定所述风力发电机组是否处于发电状态；响应于所述风力发电机组处于发电状态，控制所述储能装置的输出功率，以使所述风力发电机组的实际功率曲线跟踪目标功率曲线。
根据本公开实施例的第二方面，提供一种储能装置的控制装置，所述储能装置电连接至风力发电机组的变流器的直流母线，其中，所述控制装置包括：发电状态确定单元，被配置为确定所述风力发电机组是否处于发电状态；功率控制单元，被配置为响应于所述风力发电机组处于发电状态，控制所述 储能装置的输出功率，以使所述风力发电机组的实际功率曲线跟踪目标功率曲线。
根据本公开实施例的第三方面，提供一种存储有计算机程序的计算机可读存储介质，当所述计算机程序被处理器执行时，促使所述处理器执行如上所述的储能装置的控制方法。
根据本公开实施例的第四方面，提供一种控制器，所述控制器包括：处理器；存储器，存储有计算机程序，当所述计算机程序被处理器执行时，促使所述处理器执行如上所述的储能装置的控制方法。
根据本公开实施例的第五方面，提供一种风力发电机组，所述风力发电机组包括储能装置，以及如上所述的储能装置的控制装置或如上所述的控制器，所述储能装置与所述风力发电机组的变流器的直流母线电连接；所述控制器或所述控制装置用于确定所述风力发电机组是否处于发电状态，并响应于所述风力发电机组处于发电状态，控制所述储能装置的输出功率，以使所述风力发电机组的实际功率曲线跟踪目标功率曲线。
根据本公开的示例性实施例的储能装置的控制方法、装置及风力发电机组，能够优化风力发电机组的实际功率曲线，一方面，能够提高机组的发电性能；另一方面，能够缩短机组功率曲线的测试周期、提高机组功率曲线的测试成功率。
将在接下来的描述中部分阐述本公开总体构思另外的方面和/或优点，还有一部分通过描述将是清楚的，或者可以经过本公开总体构思的实施而得知。
附图说明
通过下面结合示例性地示出实施例的附图进行的描述，本公开示例性实施例的上述和其他目的和特点将会变得更加清楚，其中：
图1示出根据本公开的示例性实施例的储能装置的控制方法的流程图；
图2示出根据本公开的示例性实施例的控制储能装置的输出功率的方法的流程图；
图3示出根据本公开的另一示例性实施例的控制储能装置的输出功率的方法的流程图；
图4示出根据本公开的示例性实施例的储能装置的控制方法的示例；
图5示出根据本公开的示例性实施例的风力发电机组的实际功率曲线的 示例；
图6示出根据本公开的示例性实施例的储能装置的控制装置的结构框图；
图7示出根据本公开的示例性实施例的风力发电机组的结构框图。
具体实施方式
现将详细参照本公开的实施例，所述实施例的示例在附图中示出，其中，相同的标号始终指的是相同的部件。以下将通过参照附图来说明所述实施例，以便解释本公开。
图1示出根据本公开的示例性实施例的储能装置的控制方法的流程图。作为示例，该控制方法可由风力发电机组的主控制器(即风机主控)或机组变流器的控制器执行。作为示例，所述储能装置的控制方法可根据预设周期T周期性地执行，也可以实时执行。
所述储能装置电连接至风力发电机组的变流器的直流母线。例如，该直流母线为机侧变流器和网侧变流器之间的直流母线。
作为示例，储能装置设置于机组的直流母线侧，该控制方法由风机主控执行，风机主控输出的用于控制储能装置的控制信号可发送给变流器的控制器，并由变流器的控制器基于该控制信号控制储能装置。
作为示例，所述储能装置包括但不限于：电池储能、飞轮储能。应该理解，所述储能装置也可为其他适当类型的储能装置，本公开对此不作限制。
参照图1，在步骤S10，确定风力发电机组是否处于发电状态。
在步骤S20，响应于所述风力发电机组处于发电状态，控制所述储能装置的输出功率，以使所述风力发电机组的实际功率曲线跟踪目标功率曲线。
作为示例，目标功率曲线可为风力发电机组的担保功率曲线、理论功率曲线、标准功率曲线。例如，风力发电机组的担保功率曲线可理解为厂家承诺风力发电机组能够达到的功率曲线。
应该理解，不同空气密度下的目标功率曲线不同。
作为示例，根据以下项之中的至少一项控制储能装置的输出功率：风力发电机组当前所在的扇区、风力发电机组是否处于功率曲线测试状态、风力发电机组是否处于特定发电状态、储能装置的剩余电量、风力发电机组当前的运行环境参数。
作为示例，所述特定发电状态包括：满发状态和/或限功率状态。
下面，将结合图2和图3来描述步骤S20的示例性实施例。
图2示出根据本公开的示例性实施例的控制储能装置的输出功率的方法的流程图。
参照图2，在步骤S101中，响应于所述风力发电机组处于功率曲线测试状态且当前所在扇区属于测试扇区范围，确定所述风力发电机组是否处于特定发电状态。
在步骤S102，响应于所述风力发电机组未处于所述特定发电状态，根据与所述风力发电机组当前的运行环境参数对应的目标功率曲线，控制所述储能装置向外输出功率。
作为示例，响应于风力发电机组未处于所述特定发电状态，如果储能装置的剩余电量低于预设强制保电水平，则控制储能装置处于待机状态；如果所述储能装置的剩余电量不低于预设强制保电水平，则根据与风力发电机组当前的运行环境参数对应的目标功率曲线，控制储能装置向外输出功率。
待机状态可理解为待放电状态、待充电状态，既不放电向外输出功率，也不充电从外部吸收功率。
作为示例，步骤S102包括：先确定与风力发电机组当前的环境空气密度对应的目标功率曲线；然后，确定风力发电机组当前的实际输出功率是否小于确定的目标功率曲线中与风力发电机组当前的环境风速对应的目标功率。当风力发电机组当前的实际输出功率小于该目标功率时，控制储能装置的输出功率为ΔP，其中，ΔP为当前的实际输出功率与目标功率之间的差值，其中，ΔP小于0时，表示储能装置放电；当风力发电机组当前的实际输出功率不小于该目标功率时，控制储能装置处于待机状态。
作为示例，风力发电机组的实际输出功率为通过电能表测得的风力发电机组的输出功率。
在步骤S103，响应于风力发电机组处于特定发电状态，根据与风力发电机组当前的运行环境参数对应的目标功率曲线，控制储能装置从外部吸收功率进行充电。
作为示例，响应于风力发电机组处于特定发电状态，如果储能装置的剩余电量不低于储能额定容量水平，则控制储能装置处于待机状态；如果储能装置的剩余电量低于储能额定容量水平，则根据与风力发电机组当前的运行环境参数对应的目标功率曲线，控制储能装置从外部吸收功率进行充电。
作为示例，执行步骤S103包括：先确定与风力发电机组当前的环境空气密度对应的目标功率曲线；然后，确定风力发电机组当前的实际输出功率是否大于确定的目标功率曲线中与风力发电机组当前的环境风速对应的目标功率。当风力发电机组当前的实际输出功率大于该目标功率时，控制储能装置的输出功率为ΔP，其中，ΔP为当前的实际输出功率与目标功率之间的差值，其中，ΔP大于0时，表示储能装置充电；当风力发电机组当前的实际输出功率不大于该目标功率时，控制储能装置处于待机状态。
目标功率即：在与风力发电机组当前的环境空气密度对应的目标功率曲线中，环境风速值为当前实际环境风速值时的输出功率值。换言之，目标功率也可理解为在风力发电机组当前的运行环境参数下的担保功率。
图3示出根据本公开的另一示例性实施例的控制储能装置的输出功率的方法的流程图。
参照图3，在步骤S201中，当风力发电机组未处于功率曲线测试状态或当前所在扇区不属于测试扇区范围时，确定储能装置的剩余电量是否低于储能额定容量水平。应该理解，上述测试扇区范围为功率曲线测试扇区范围。
当在步骤S201中确定储能装置的剩余电量不低于储能额定容量水平时，执行步骤S202，控制储能装置处于待机状态。
作为示例，储能额定容量水平基于储能装置的理论额定容量和一定死区范围而确定。
当在步骤S201中确定储能装置的剩余电量低于储能额定容量水平时，执行步骤S203，确定储能装置的剩余电量是否低于预设强制保电水平。
当在步骤S203中确定储能装置的剩余电量低于预设强制保电水平时，执行步骤S204，控制储能装置进入周期性充电模式。
当在步骤S203中确定储能装置的剩余电量不低于预设强制保电水平时，执行步骤S205，确定风力发电机组是否处于特定发电状态。
当在步骤S205中确定所述风力发电机组未处于特定发电状态时，执行步骤S206，控制所述储能装置处于待机状态。
当在步骤S205中确定风力发电机组处于特定发电状态时，执行步骤S207，根据与风力发电机组当前的运行环境参数对应的目标功率曲线，控制储能装置从外部吸收功率进行充电。
作为示例，步骤S207包括：先确定与风力发电机组当前的环境空气密度 对应的目标功率曲线；然后，确定风力发电机组当前的实际输出功率是否大于确定的目标功率曲线中与风力发电机组当前的环境风速对应的目标功率。当风力发电机组当前的实际输出功率大于该目标功率时，控制储能装置的输出功率为ΔP，其中，ΔP为当前的实际输出功率与目标功率之间的差值，其中，ΔP大于0时，表示储能装置充电；当风力发电机组当前的实际输出功率不大于该目标功率时，控制储能装置处于待机状态。
图4示出根据本公开的示例性实施例的储能装置的控制方法的示例。
参照图4，在步骤S301中，判断机组是否处于发电状态；若机组不处于发电状态，则储能装置不工作且使能位为FALSE；若机组处于发电状态，则启动储能装置且使能位为TRUE，并进入步骤S302。
作为示例，可根据机组运行数据判断机组是否处于发电状态。
在步骤S302中，判断机组功率曲线测试标志位是否为TRUE，以及机组当前扇区是否处于功率曲线测试扇区；若两者均为TRUE，则进入步骤S303；否则进入步骤S307。
在步骤S303中，判断机组满发标志位是否为TRUE、限功率标志位是否为TRUE；若均不为TRUE，则进入步骤S304，否则进入步骤S306。
在步骤S304中，判断储能装置剩余电量是否小于所设置的强制保电水平；若不小于，则进入步骤S305；否则，在储能装置剩余电量小于所设置的强制保电水平时控制储能装置处于待充电状态，不向外输出功率。
在步骤S305中，根据机组环境当前的空气密度选择相应的担保功率曲线，并判断当前机组环境风速下的实际功率是否小于相应的担保功率(即，相应的担保功率曲线中当前机组环境风速下的功率)的大小；若小于，控制储能装置向外输出功率，且输出功率ΔP＝电能表功率(即，实际测得的机组功率)-机组担保功率，其中，ΔP为负表示储能装置放电向外输出功率，为正表示储能装置充电从外部吸收功率；若不小于，则控制储能装置处于待放电状态，但不向外输出功率。
在步骤S306中，判断储能装置剩余电量是否在考虑死区范围的储能额定容量区间内；若是，则控制储能装置处于待放电状态，但不向外输出功率；若否，控制储能装置进入充电状态，储能装置的输出功率ΔP＝电能表功率-机组担保功率。
在步骤S307中，判断储能装置剩余电量是否在考虑死区范围的储能额定 容量区间内；若是，则控制储能装置处于待放电状态，但不向外输出功率；若否，则进入步骤S308。
在步骤S308中，判断储能装置剩余电量是否小于强制保电水平，若是，控制储能装置进入周期性充电模式，即，在夜间按照设定的功率值进行缓慢充电；若否，则进入步骤S309。
在步骤S309中，判断机组满发标志位是否为TRUE、限功率标志位是否为TRUE；若均不为TRUE，则控制储能装置处于待放电状态，但不向外输出功率；否则控制储能装置进入充电状态，储能装置的输出功率ΔP＝电能表功率-机组担保功率。
图5示出根据本公开的示例性实施例的风力发电机组的实际功率曲线的示例。
如图5所示，相较于未使用根据本公开示例性实施例的控制方法对储能装置进行控制，使用根据本公开示例性实施例的控制方法对储能装置进行控制后，风力发电机组的实际功率曲线更贴近于担保功率曲线。
根据本公开的示例性实施例，能够用于风/储一体的风力发电机组的功率调度计划优化实现，对机组发电过程中功率计划偏差进行动态补偿，以保证功率计划的良好实现。根据本公开的示例性实施例，通过控制储能装置确保机组功率曲线达标，涉及机组从启机到发电整个过程完整的储能装置控制策略，同时还考虑机组不同扇区内的控制方法。根据本公开的示例性实施例，利用储能装置在机组全运行段(启机到发电运行)优化功率曲线，提升发电量且便于测试功率曲线，此外，在优化功率曲线时还考虑了扇区因素。
图6示出根据本公开的示例性实施例的储能装置的控制装置的结构框图，其中，储能装置电连接至风力发电机组的变流器的直流母线。
参照图6，根据本公开的示例性实施例的储能装置的控制装置包括：发电状态确定单元10和功率控制单元20。
具体说来，发电状态确定单元10被配置为确定风力发电机组是否处于发电状态。
功率控制单元20被配置为响应于风力发电机组处于发电状态，控制储能装置的输出功率，以使风力发电机组的实际功率曲线跟踪目标功率曲线。
作为示例，功率控制单元20被配置为根据风力发电机组当前所在的扇区，控制储能装置的输出功率。
作为示例，功率控制单元20被配置为：响应于风力发电机组处于功率曲线测试状态且当前所在扇区属于测试扇区范围，确定风力发电机组是否处于特定发电状态；响应于风力发电机组未处于特定发电状态，根据与风力发电机组当前的运行环境参数对应的目标功率曲线，控制储能装置向外输出功率；响应于风力发电机组处于所述特定发电状态，根据与风力发电机组当前的运行环境参数对应的目标功率曲线，控制储能装置从外部吸收功率进行充电。
作为示例，功率控制单元20被配置为：响应于风力发电机组处于功率曲线测试状态且当前所在扇区属于测试扇区范围、风力发电机组未处于上述特定发电状态，确定与风力发电机组当前的环境空气密度对应的目标功率曲线；确定风力发电机组当前的实际输出功率是否小于确定的目标功率曲线中与风力发电机组当前的环境风速对应的目标功率；响应于风力发电机组当前的实际输出功率小于目标功率，控制储能装置的输出功率为ΔP，其中，ΔP为当前的实际输出功率与目标功率之间的差值，其中，ΔP小于0时，表示储能装置放电；响应于风力发电机组当前的实际输出功率不小于确定的目标功率，控制储能装置处于待机状态。
作为示例，功率控制单元20被配置为：响应于风力发电机组处于功率曲线测试状态且当前所在扇区属于测试扇区范围、风力发电机组未处于上述特定发电状态，如果储能装置的剩余电量低于预设强制保电水平，则控制储能装置处于待机状态；如果储能装置的剩余电量不低于预设强制保电水平，则根据与风力发电机组当前的运行环境参数对应的目标功率曲线，控制储能装置向外输出功率；功率控制单元被配置为：响应于风力发电机组处于功率曲线测试状态且当前所在扇区属于测试扇区范围、风力发电机组处于特定发电状态，如果储能装置的剩余电量不低于储能额定容量水平，则控制储能装置处于待机状态；如果储能装置的剩余电量低于所述储能额定容量水平，则根据与风力发电机组当前的运行环境参数对应的目标功率曲线，控制储能装置从外部吸收功率进行充电。
作为示例，功率控制单元20被配置为：响应于风力发电机组未处于功率曲线测试状态或当前所在扇区不属于测试扇区范围，确定储能装置的剩余电量是否低于储能额定容量水平；响应于储能装置的剩余电量不低于储能额定容量水平，控制储能装置处于待机状态；响应于储能装置的剩余电量低于储能额定容量水平、且储能装置的剩余电量低于预设强制保电水平，则控制储 能装置进入周期性充电模式；响应于储能装置的剩余电量低于所述储能额定容量水平、储能装置的剩余电量不低于预设强制保电水平且风力发电机组未处于特定发电状态，则控制储能装置处于待机状态；响应于储能装置的剩余电量低于储能额定容量水平、储能装置的剩余电量不低于预设强制保电水平且风力发电机组处于特定发电状态，则根据与风力发电机组当前的运行环境参数对应的目标功率曲线，控制储能装置从外部吸收功率进行充电。
作为示例，功率控制单元20可被配置为：响应于风力发电机组处于功率曲线测试状态且当前所在扇区属于测试扇区范围、风力发电机组处于特定发电状态，确定与风力发电机组当前的环境空气密度对应的目标功率曲线；确定风力发电机组当前的实际输出功率是否大于确定的目标功率曲线中与风力发电机组当前的环境风速对应的目标功率；响应于风力发电机组当前的实际输出功率大于目标功率，控制储能装置的输出功率为ΔP，其中，ΔP为当前的实际输出功率与目标功率之间的差值，其中，ΔP大于0时，表示储能装置充电；响应于风力发电机组当前的实际输出功率不大于目标功率，控制储能装置处于待机状态。
作为示例，功率控制单元20被配置为：响应于风力发电机组未处于功率曲线测试状态或当前所在扇区不属于测试扇区范围、储能装置的剩余电量低于储能额定容量水平、储能装置的剩余电量不低于预设强制保电水平且风力发电机组处于特定发电状态，确定与风力发电机组当前的环境空气密度对应的目标功率曲线；确定风力发电机组当前的实际输出功率是否大于确定的目标功率曲线中与风力发电机组当前的环境风速对应的目标功率；响应于风力发电机组当前的实际输出功率大于目标功率，控制储能装置的输出功率为ΔP，其中，ΔP为当前的实际输出功率与目标功率之间的差值，其中，ΔP大于0时，表示储能装置充电；响应于风力发电机组当前的实际输出功率不大于目标功率，控制储能装置处于待机状态。
作为示例，上述特定发电状态包括：满发状态和/或限功率状态。
作为示例，根据本公开的示例性实施例的储能装置的控制装置可设置在风力发电机组的主控制器中，或者设置在变流器的控制器中。
应该理解，根据本公开示例性实施例的储能装置的控制装置所执行的具体处理已经参照图1至图5进行了详细描述，这里将不再赘述相关细节。
应该理解，根据本公开示例性实施例的储能装置的控制装置中的各个单 元可被实现硬件组件和/或软件组件。本领域技术人员根据限定的各个单元所执行的处理，可以例如使用现场可编程门阵列(FPGA)或专用集成电路(ASIC)来实现各个单元。
本公开的示例性实施例提供一种存储有计算机程序的计算机可读存储介质，当所述计算机程序被处理器执行时，促使所述处理器执行如上述示例性实施例所述的储能装置的控制方法。该计算机可读存储介质是可存储由计算机系统读出的数据的任意数据存储装置。计算机可读存储介质的示例包括：只读存储器、随机存取存储器、只读光盘、磁带、软盘、光数据存储装置和载波(诸如经有线或无线传输路径通过互联网的数据传输)。
根据本公开的示例性实施例的控制器包括：处理器(未示出)和存储器(未示出)，其中，存储器存储有计算机程序，当所述计算机程序被处理器执行时，促使所述处理器执行如上述示例性实施例所述的储能装置的控制方法。作为示例，所述控制器可设置在风力发电机组的主控制器中，或者设置在变流器的控制器中。
另外，图7示出根据本公开的示例性实施例的风力发电机组的结构框图。
如图7所示，本公开示例性实施例的风力发电机组包括储能装置，以及如上述示例性实施例所述的控制器或控制装置，该储能装置与风力发电机组的变流器的直流母线电连接，例如，储能装置可以通过DC/DC变换器连接到风电机组变流器的直流母线上。上述控制器或者控制装置用于确定风力发电机组是否处于发电状态，并响应于风力发电机组处于发电状态，控制储能装置的输出功率，以使风力发电机组的实际功率曲线跟踪目标功率曲线。
上述控制器或控制装置在实现上述控制功能时，具体执行的控制逻辑请结合图1～图3及其文字描述，并参考图4～图6及其文字描述，此处不再赘述。
虽然已表示和描述了本公开的一些示例性实施例，但本领域技术人员应该理解，在不脱离由权利要求及其等同物限定其范围的本公开的原理和精神的情况下，可以对这些实施例进行修改。

Claims (14)

  1. 一种储能装置的控制方法，其中，所述储能装置电连接至风力发电机组的变流器的直流母线，所述控制方法包括：
    确定所述风力发电机组是否处于发电状态；
    响应于所述风力发电机组处于发电状态，控制所述储能装置的输出功率，以使所述风力发电机组的实际功率曲线跟踪目标功率曲线。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的控制方法，其中，控制所述储能装置的输出功率的步骤包括：
    根据所述风力发电机组当前所在的扇区，控制所述储能装置的输出功率。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的控制方法，其中，根据所述风力发电机组当前所在的扇区，控制所述储能装置的输出功率的步骤包括：
    响应于所述风力发电机组处于功率曲线测试状态且当前所在扇区属于测试扇区范围，确定所述风力发电机组是否处于特定发电状态；
    响应于所述风力发电机组未处于所述特定发电状态，根据与所述风力发电机组当前的运行环境参数对应的目标功率曲线，控制所述储能装置向外输出功率；
    响应于所述风力发电机组处于所述特定发电状态，根据与所述风力发电机组当前的运行环境参数对应的目标功率曲线，控制所述储能装置从外部吸收功率进行充电。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的控制方法，其中，根据与所述风力发电机组当前的运行环境参数对应的目标功率曲线，控制所述储能装置向外输出功率的步骤包括：
    确定与所述风力发电机组当前的环境空气密度对应的目标功率曲线；
    确定所述风力发电机组当前的实际输出功率是否小于确定的目标功率曲线中与所述风力发电机组当前的环境风速对应的目标功率；
    响应于所述风力发电机组当前的实际输出功率小于所述目标功率，控制所述储能装置的输出功率为ΔP，其中，ΔP为当前的实际输出功率与所述目标功率之间的差值，其中，ΔP小于0时，表示所述储能装置放电；
    响应于所述风力发电机组当前的实际输出功率不小于确定的目标功率，控制所述储能装置处于待机状态。
  5. 根据权利要求3所述的控制方法，其中，响应于所述风力发电机组未处于所述特定发电状态，根据与所述风力发电机组当前的运行环境参数对应的目标功率曲线，控制所述储能装置向外输出功率的步骤包括：
    响应于所述风力发电机组未处于所述特定发电状态，如果所述储能装置的剩余电量低于预设强制保电水平，则控制所述储能装置处于待机状态；如果所述储能装置的剩余电量不低于所述预设强制保电水平，则根据与所述风力发电机组当前的运行环境参数对应的目标功率曲线，控制所述储能装置向外输出功率；
    其中，响应于所述风力发电机组处于所述特定发电状态，根据与所述风力发电机组当前的运行环境参数对应的目标功率曲线，控制所述储能装置从外部吸收功率进行充电的步骤包括：
    响应于所述风力发电机组处于所述特定发电状态，如果所述储能装置的剩余电量不低于储能额定容量水平，则控制所述储能装置处于待机状态；如果所述储能装置的剩余电量低于所述储能额定容量水平，则根据与所述风力发电机组当前的运行环境参数对应的目标功率曲线，控制所述储能装置从外部吸收功率进行充电。
  6. 根据权利要求2所述的控制方法，其中，根据所述风力发电机组当前所在的扇区，控制所述储能装置的输出功率的步骤包括：
    响应于所述风力发电机组未处于功率曲线测试状态或当前所在扇区不属于测试扇区范围，确定所述储能装置的剩余电量是否低于储能额定容量水平；
    响应于所述储能装置的剩余电量不低于所述储能额定容量水平，控制所述储能装置处于待机状态；
    响应于所述储能装置的剩余电量低于所述储能额定容量水平、且所述储能装置的剩余电量低于预设强制保电水平，则控制所述储能装置进入周期性充电模式；
    响应于所述储能装置的剩余电量低于所述储能额定容量水平、所述储能装置的剩余电量不低于预设强制保电水平且所述风力发电机组未处于特定发电状态，则控制所述储能装置处于待机状态；
    响应于所述储能装置的剩余电量低于所述储能额定容量水平、所述储能装置的剩余电量不低于预设强制保电水平且所述风力发电机组处于特定发电状态，则根据与所述风力发电机组当前的运行环境参数对应的目标功率曲线， 控制所述储能装置从外部吸收功率进行充电。
  7. 根据权利要求3或6所述的控制方法，其中，根据与所述风力发电机组当前的运行环境参数对应的目标功率曲线，控制所述储能装置从外部吸收功率进行充电的步骤包括：
    确定与所述风力发电机组当前的环境空气密度对应的目标功率曲线；
    确定所述风力发电机组当前的实际输出功率是否大于确定的目标功率曲线中与所述风力发电机组当前的环境风速对应的目标功率；
    响应于所述风力发电机组当前的实际输出功率大于所述目标功率，控制所述储能装置的输出功率为ΔP，其中，ΔP为当前的实际输出功率与所述目标功率之间的差值，其中，ΔP大于0时，表示所述储能装置充电；
    响应于所述风力发电机组当前的实际输出功率不大于所述目标功率，控制所述储能装置处于待机状态。
  8. 根据权利要求3或6所述的控制方法，其中，所述特定发电状态包括：满发状态和/或限功率状态。
  9. 一种储能装置的控制装置，其中，所述储能装置电连接至风力发电机组的变流器的直流母线，其中，所述控制装置包括：
    发电状态确定单元，被配置为确定所述风力发电机组是否处于发电状态；
    功率控制单元，被配置为响应于所述风力发电机组处于发电状态，控制所述储能装置的输出功率，以使所述风力发电机组的实际功率曲线跟踪目标功率曲线。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的储能装置的控制装置，其中，所述控制装置设置在风力发电机组的主控制器中，或者设置在变流器的控制器中。
  11. 一种存储有计算机程序的计算机可读存储介质，其中，当所述计算机程序被处理器执行时，促使所述处理器执行如权利要求1至8中的任意一项所述的储能装置的控制方法。
  12. 一种控制器，其中，所述控制器包括：
    处理器；
    存储器，存储有计算机程序，当所述计算机程序被处理器执行时，促使所述处理器执行如权利要求1至8中的任意一项所述的储能装置的控制方法。
  13. 根据权利要求12所述的控制器，其中，所述控制器设置在风力发电机组的主控制器中，或者设置在变流器的控制器中。
  14. 一种风力发电机组，其中，所述风力发电机组包括储能装置，以及如权利要求9或10所述的控制装置或如权利要求12或13所述的控制器，所述储能装置与所述风力发电机组的变流器的直流母线电连接。
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