WO2023117160A1

WO2023117160A1 - Quick-change device

Info

Publication number: WO2023117160A1
Application number: PCT/EP2022/071348
Authority: WO
Inventors: Béla Cseri
Original assignee: Béla Cseri Besitzunternehmung Gbr
Priority date: 2021-12-23
Filing date: 2022-07-29
Publication date: 2023-06-29
Also published as: DE102021134486B3

Abstract

The invention relates to a quick-change device (1) in which, in order to secure a locating pin of an attachment and to lock a locking component, respectively, securing pins (3.1) and locking pins (2.3), respectively, are pushed in opposite directions out of the housing (6) of the quick-change device (1), wherein as a first stable state of the quick-change device (1) the locking state is set. In addition to a second stable state, an unlocking state, a third stable state can be set for the quick-change device (1).

Description

quick coupler

The invention relates to a quick coupler of the generic type known from DE 10 2020 127 481 B3.

Work machines, in particular for construction, agriculture or forestry, usually have a tool carrier on which various attachments can be attached. As a result, a very wide range of applications can be achieved with just one machine.

In order to be able to carry out the tool change as simply and quickly as possible and in order not to have to carry out any assembly work on the tool carrier, the tool carriers are often equipped with a so-called quick changer or are themselves designed as a quick changer. On the tool side, quick couplers have suitable tool holders, in which attachment means for the attachment tools can be accommodated and fastened.

To attach the attachment tools, the tool holders or at least parts of the tool holders of the quick coupler are designed to be adjustable and movable. The movement of the recordings can be done in different ways, e.g. mechanically, hydraulically, electrically or in combination. The movement is carried out particularly advantageously by hydraulic drives, since most work machines are usually already operated hydraulically. The drives enable the machine operator to change tools without having to leave the driver's cab. As a result, the tool change can be carried out particularly quickly and easily.

However, the use of quick couplers can also be associated with risks. In the event of incorrect operation or a technical failure of the drives, there is a risk that the attached tool will become detached from the quick coupler and fall down in an uncontrolled manner. In order to minimize this risk, additional safety devices are usually provided on the quick couplers. These are intended to ensure that once a tool has been picked up correctly, it cannot come loose from the tool holders on its own and without a conscious action on the part of the operator. The safety devices can be movable, for example Be bolt with which at least one of the fasteners of the attachment tool is secured in the tool holder.

A fastening device for attachment tools on hydraulic excavators is known from utility model DE 201 1 9092U1. One side of the hydraulic quick coupler housing is designed as a rigid pair of retaining claws for attaching the tool. The pair of retaining claws has hook-shaped receiving openings that can be placed in a form-fitting manner on the lateral surface of a first fastening means of the tool (here a cylindrical bolt). A pair of pivotable retaining claws are located on the other side of the housing. The pivotable pair of retaining claws also has hook-shaped receiving openings that can be applied to the lateral surface of a second fastening means of the tool (here a cylindrical bolt) in a form-fitting manner. The movement of the pivotable pair of retaining claws about a pivot axis takes place by means of a hydraulic cylinder, with which the distance between the receiving openings of the pivoting and the receiving openings of the rigid pair of retaining claws can be changed. To pick up the tool on the quick coupler, the distance between the receiving openings is minimized so that the two pairs of holding claws can engage between the first and second fastening means. The pivotable pair of retaining claws is then pivoted, thereby increasing the distance between the receiving openings, until the receiving openings of all retaining claws are in form-fitting contact with the fastening means. The tool is held in the hook-shaped receiving openings of the holding claws by the power of the hydraulic cylinder. If the hydraulic pressure is lost, the pivotable pair of retaining claws can become detached from the second fastening means. In order to secure the tool against falling in this case, a locking element is arranged on the rigid pair of retaining claws. This consists of a bolt that can be moved tangentially to the first fastening means. The bolt is moved into the locked position by spring force and held there. In the locking position, a first fastening means which rests positively in the hook-shaped receiving openings is prevented from leaving the receiving openings without first pushing the bolt back against the spring force. The bolt is pushed back into an unlocking position when the pivoting retaining claws are opened through the hydraulic cylinder. For this purpose, the bolt is connected to a reversing lever, which is actuated by the housing of the hydraulic cylinder at the end of the opening movement when the hydraulic cylinder is in the fully contracted state. The locking position is not secured against forces acting on the bolt from the outside.

US Pat. No. 9,903,091 B2 discloses a hydraulic quick coupler for attaching an attachment via two locating bolts. The housing of the quick coupler has a rigid retaining claw on one side for receiving the first locating pin and on the other side a movable pair of retaining claws for receiving the second locating pin. The holding claws each form a hook-shaped curved receiving opening, the receiving openings of the two holding claws being open in opposite directions. A safety lever is arranged on the rigid retaining claw and is accommodated in the housing such that it can pivot between a safety position and an unlocking position. The movable pair of retaining claws is slidably mounted in the housing of the quick coupler in relation to the rigid retaining claw. The moveable pair of retaining claws is moved by a double-acting hydraulic cylinder, to which two spring struts are arranged in parallel. The hydraulic cylinder is connected on the one hand to the movable pair of retaining claws and on the other hand is guided in a slot via a pin on the housing. The guided end has a driver in the form of a protuberance, via which the translational movement of the hydraulic cylinder is converted into a pivoting movement of the safety lever based on the functional principle of a cam disk.

To pick up the tool on the quick coupler, the distance between the receiving openings of the retaining claws is minimized by contracting the hydraulic cylinder, so that it is possible to intervene between the first and second locating pin end. The hydraulic cylinder is fully contracted against the spring forces of the spring struts and the driver pulls the safety lever, which is pivotably attached to the housing, into the unlocking position.

After the first locating bolt rests as intended in the hook-shaped receiving opening of the rigid holding claw, the hydraulic cylinder is expanded. First, the driver is pushed onto the safety lever, which pivots it into the safety position. In the securing position, the hook-shaped securing lever engages in the receiving opening of the rigid retaining claw and partially encompasses the first receiving bolt. At the same time, the safety lever is blocked in the safety position by the driver. As the hydraulic cylinder continues to expand, the movable pair of retaining claws is shifted until it is in contact with the second locating pin and the tool is locked on the quick coupler.

The blockage of the safety lever can only be released again by contracting the hydraulic cylinder against the spring force of the spring struts. This means that the safety lever is held in the safety position by the hydraulic pressure in the expanded hydraulic cylinder and also by the spring force of the spring struts. Any external forces acting on the safety lever are transferred to the driver with at most a small proportion, with partial forces in the direction of the hydraulic force and the spring force not being able to be transferred, so that they cannot lead to the unlocking of the safety lever being unresolved.

A quick coupler described in WO 2018/056841 A1 differs from that known from the aforementioned US Pat. No. 9,903,091 B2 in particular by the means for converting the translational movement of the hydraulic cylinder into a pivoting movement of a safety lever. In the unlocked position, a lever end of the safety lever engages in the opening of a component connected to the movable pair of retaining claws. For locking and securing, the hydraulic cylinder expands, with which the movable pair of retaining claws moves towards the second locating bolt and the securing lever, carried along in the opening, is pivoted in front of the first locating bolt. During pivoting, the safety lever slides out of the opening and is pushed under the component, where it is held in place by the spring force of a return spring.

Here, too, no partial forces acting in the direction of the hydraulic force can be transmitted in the event of forces acting from outside, which means that an unintentional unlocking of the safety lever is ruled out. Both in the aforementioned US Pat. No. 9,903,091 B2 and in the aforementioned WO 2018/056841 A1, the risk of unintentional unlocking of the safety lever is ruled out in that a return flow of force from the safety lever to the hydraulic cylinder or the springs is largely ruled out, at least in the safety position of the safety lever. Partial forces acting in the direction of the force of the hydraulic cylinder or the spring are absorbed by the pivot bearing of the safety lever.

A hydraulic quick coupler 1 known from patent specification DE 10 2020 127 481 B3 has a retaining claw .2 with an associated safety assembly 3 and a contact surface 1.1 with an associated locking assembly 2 for fastening an attachment with a locating bolt 0.1 and a locking plate 0.2 as fastening elements . For easy understanding of a quick coupler according to the aforementioned DE 10 2020 127481 B3, this is shown schematically in FIGS. 1a and 1b as well as FIGS. 2a and 2b in a top view and a sectional view.

1a and 1b show a quick coupler according to the prior art in a first state (locked state) in which the piston rod 2.1.2 of the hydraulic cylinder 2.1 is in a first end position in which the locking bolts 2.3 are in a locking position and the safety bolts 3.1 are in a safety position. The locking assembly 2 and the securing assembly 3 are not connected to each other in the locked state.

Fig. 2a and 2b shows the quick coupler according to FIGS. 1a and 1b in a second state (unlocked state) in which the piston rod is 2.1.2 in a second end position in which the VerrieglungsPIN2.3 is in an unlocked position and the Securing bolts 3.1 are in an unlocking position. The locking assembly 2 and the securing assembly 3 are connected to one another.

The locking assembly 2 contains a frame-mounted, double-acting hydraulic cylinder 2.1 with a piston rod 2.1.2 which is firmly connected via a bolt bridge 2.2 to two parallel to the piston rod 2.1.2 and guided through the contact surface 1.1 locking bolts 2.3. In which the locking chamber or the Unlocking chamber of the hydraulic cylinder 2.1 are pressurized, the piston rod 2.1.2 is displaced and the locking assembly 2 takes either the locking position or the unlocking position.

The safety assembly 3 contains two mutually parallel, frame-mounted compression springs 3.2, each of which is assigned a coaxially arranged safety bolt 3.1 and thus form two identical spring-bolt assemblies. The safety bolts 3.1 are fastened to a safety bridge 3.3, which connects the spring-bolt assemblies to one another and can be displaced translationally between the safety position and the unlocking position with changing directions. In the securing position, the securing bolts 3.1 protrude into the receiving opening 1.2.1 of the holding claw 1.2, as a result of which the clear width 1.2.1.1 of the receiving opening 1 .2.1 is reduced, so that a locating bolt 0.1 received in the holding claw 1 .2 can no longer emerge from the receiving opening 1 .2.1 can be moved out.

A reversing lever 4 is present in order to reverse a movement initiated in the bolt bridge 2.2 into a movement of the safety bridge 3.3 in the opposite direction. The safety bridge 3.3, held by spring force, is permanently in contact with a first lever arm 4.1 of the deflection lever 4 fixed to the frame. A connection of the second lever arm 4.2 is made or released during the displacement of the piston rod 2.1.2 between the locked state and the unlocked state. This means that as long as the connection is not established, the movement of the piston rod is not transmitted to the safety assembly 3 and the safety bolts 3.1 are held in the safety position by the spring force of the compression springs 3.2.

With a quick coupler according to the aforementioned DE 10 2020 127 481 B3, it is ensured that when an implement is picked up, it is first secured on the quick coupler and then locked. It is also ensured that, in order to uncouple the implement, it is first unlocked before it is unlocked. Locking and locking occurs while pressurizing the locking chamber of the hydraulic cylinder, while unlocking and unlocking occurs when the unlocking chamber of the hydraulic cylinder is pressurized. It is therefore not possible to secure the working device in an unlocked manner without then inevitably locking the working device on the quick coupler as well.

It is the object of the invention to find a quick coupler with which a working implement that has been picked up can be secured in an unlocked manner without then necessarily being locked.

This object is achieved for a quick coupler according to the preamble of claim 1 in that there are two stops on the housing, against which one end of one of the two locking bolts rests in the unlocking position, the locking bridge can be displaced relative to the adjacent ends between two end positions, is spring-mounted, and the bolt bridge is held in the first of the two end positions by hydraulic pressure and in the second of the two end positions without hydraulic pressure by spring force, with the bolt bridge not resting on the second lever arm in the second end position and the at least one safety bolt is in the secure position. An additional third state for the quick coupler is created by the relative displaceability of the bolt bridge in relation to the stops by spring force. The ability to set 3 static states instead of just two is essential to the invention.

In a first advantageous embodiment of the quick coupler, the locking bolts each have an elongated hole arranged in the direction of a locking bolt axis, and the bolt bridge is guided in the two elongated holes. The abutting ends are each formed as a collar and the spring-loaded arrangement of the bolt bridge is realized by two spiral springs, which are each arranged between one of the collars and the bolt bridge around the locking bolt.

Advantageously, the locking bolts each have a bridge stop against which the bolt bridge rests in the second end position. In this way, the adjustment path of the bolt bridge on the locking bolt is not limited in one direction by the end of the elongated hole, to the guide elements present on the bolt bridge stop, but the guide elements hit the bridge stop just before the end of the elongated hole.

In a second advantageous embodiment, the locking bolts are formed by an outer bolt part and an inner bolt part guided telescopically therein. The bolt bridge is firmly connected to the outer bolt part and there is a spring mounted coaxially in the outer bolt part and resting on the inner bolt part, which realize the spring-mounted arrangement of the bolt bridge.

There are advantageously two blind holes in the housing, the bottoms of which form the stops. To guide the inner bolt parts relative to the housing, a guide sleeve is introduced into each of the blind holes.

According to an advantageous aspect, the securing bridge has a recess into which a free end of the first lever arm engages before or upon reaching the unlocking position of the securing bolt and is locked in the unlocking position. This means that the free end of the first lever arm is held in the recess, even if, for example, the connection with the bolt bridge is canceled due to a long-term pressure drop in the hydraulic cylinder. This ensures that, particularly after lengthy breaks in work, the receiving opening of the holding claw is not unintentionally blocked by the safety bolt, which would prevent a receiving bolt from being picked up again immediately.

It has proven to be advantageous if a pressure element, movable parallel to the safety bolt, is arranged in the retaining claw and rests against a free end of the second lever arm when the free end of the first lever arm is engaged.

In a first advantageous embodiment, the pressure element is a spiral spring. With the spring force of the coil spring, a deliberate disengagement of the free end of the first lever arm from the recess is supported by shifting the safety bolt when inserting the locating bolt into the retaining claw by turning the deflection lever out of the recess of the safety bridge. In this way, the deflection lever can be rotated out of the recess with little effort and thus with little wear. In a second advantageous embodiment, the pressure element is a pin. By moving the pin, the free end is twisted out of the recess. An indicator pin connected to the bolt bridge is advantageously present. It serves as an indicator that the quick coupler is not yet locked.

It is advantageous if there is a recess in the indicator pin, into which the bolt bridge engages.

In order to leave the indicator pin in an extended position as long as the locking bolts are retracted, a length of the recess is preferably dimensioned in such a way that a maximum relative displacement between the indicator pin and bolt bridge that is as long as a maximum possible relative displacement between the bolt bridge is possible and the locking bolt, determined by the length of the elongated hole, is long.

The invention is explained in more detail below using an exemplary embodiment with the aid of drawings. Here show:

1a shows a quick coupler according to the prior art, in a schematic plan view from below, in the locking position of the locking bolts and the securing position of the securing bolts, in connection with a locking plate as a locking component of the attachment tool,

Fig. 1b is a sectional view of the quick coupler as shown in Fig. 1a,

2a shows a quick coupler according to FIG.

Figure 2b is a sectional view of the quick coupler as shown in Figure 2a

3a shows a schematic top view of a first exemplary embodiment of a quick coupler according to the invention in the unlocked position of the locking bolts and the unlocked position of the safety bolts, in conjunction with a locking plate, as a locking component of the attachment tool,

3b shows a quick coupler according to FIG. 3a in the unlocking position of the locking bolts and the securing position of the securing bolts,

3c shows a quick coupler according to FIG. 3a in the locking position of the locking bolts and the securing position of the securing bolts,

4a shows a schematic top view of a second exemplary embodiment of a quick coupler according to the invention in the unlocked position of the locking bolts and the unlocked position of the safety bolts,

4b shows a quick coupler according to FIG. 4a in the unlocking position of the locking bolts and the securing position of the securing bolts,

4c shows a quick coupler according to FIG. 4a in the locking position of the locking bolts and the securing position of the securing bolts,

5 shows a quick coupler according to the invention in a sectional view, applicable to the first and the second exemplary embodiment,

Fig. 6a - 6d a partial view of a quick coupler according to the invention with a first embodiment of a safety assembly, with a recess in the safety bridge, in which the deflection lever is engaged in the unlocked position, in different states and

7a - 7d a partial view of a quick coupler according to the invention with a second advantageous embodiment of a safety assembly with a recess in the safety bridge, in which the deflection lever is locked in the unlocking position, in different states,

8a-8d a partial view of a quick coupler according to the invention with a third advantageous embodiment of a safety assembly with a recess in the safety bridge, in which the deflection lever is locked in the unlocked position, in different states and Fig. 9a - 9c a partial view of a quick coupler according to the invention, with an indicator pin in different states.

1a and 1b, as well as 2a and 2b, a quick coupler 1 according to the prior art is shown. Like a quick coupler 1 according to the invention, a quick coupler according to the invention serves to attach an attachment to a construction machine. A locating bolt 0.1 and a locking component 0.2, designed here as a locking plate, are present as fastening elements on the attachment and can be connected to the quick coupler 1.

As a counterpart to the locating pin 0.1 and the locking component 0.2, the quick coupler 1 on a housing 6 has a holding claw 1.2 for receiving the locating pin 0.1 and a contact surface 1.1 for pivoting the locking component 0.2. The retaining claw 1.2 is associated with a securing assembly 3, by means of which a locating bolt 0.1 accommodated in the retaining claw 1.2 is secured. A locking assembly 2 is assigned to the contact surface 1.1, by means of which the pivoted locking component 0.2 is locked to the quick coupler 1.

The locking assembly 2 contains a frame-mounted, double-acting hydraulic cylinder 2.1 with a locking chamber 2.1 .1, a piston rod 2.1.2, which is connected via a locking bridge 2.2 with two parallel to the piston rod 2.1 .2, guided by the contact surface 1.1 locking bolts 2.3 and one Unlocking Chamber 2.1.3. By actuating the hydraulic cylinder 2.1, its locking chamber 2.1.1, or alternatively its unlocking chamber 2.1.3, is subjected to a fluid pressure for locking. The hydraulic cylinder 2.1 can also be depressurized by depressurizing the unlocking chamber 2.1.3 and venting the locking chamber 2.1.3.

When there is maximum pressure in the locking chamber 2.1.1, the locking bolts 2.3 are in a locking position.

When there is maximum pressure in the unlocking chamber 2.1.3, the locking bolts 2.3 are in an unlocking position. The locking component 0.2 is designed here as a locking plate with two through holes in which the Engage locking bolt 2.3. The locking component 0.2 could also be designed, for example, as a further locating bolt.

The safety assembly 3 contains two mutually parallel, frame-mounted compression springs 3.2, each of which is assigned a coaxially arranged safety bolt 3.1 and which form two identical spring-bolt assemblies. The safety bolts 3.1 are fastened to a safety bridge 3.3, which connects the spring-bolt assemblies to one another and can be displaced in a translatory manner between a safety position and an unlocking position, with alternating sense of direction. In the securing position, the securing bolts 3.1 protrude into the receiving opening 1.2.1 of the holding claw 1.2, as a result of which the clear width 1.2.1.1 of the receiving opening 1 .2.1 is reduced, so that a locating bolt 0.1 received in the holding claw 1 .2 can no longer emerge from the receiving opening 1 .2.1 can be moved out.

In order to reverse a movement initiated in the bolt bridge 2.2 into a movement of the safety bridge 3.3 in the opposite direction, there is a frame-mounted reversing lever 4. The safety bridge 3.3, held by spring force, is permanently in contact with a first lever arm 4.1 of the deflection lever 4 fixed to the frame. A connection of the second lever arm 4.2 is made or released during the displacement of the piston rod 2.1.2 between the locked state and the unlocked state. This means that as long as the connection is not established, the movement of the piston rod 2.1.2 is not transmitted to the safety assembly 3 and the safety bolts 3.1 are held in the safety position by the spring force of the compression springs 3.2.

For unlocking, an indirect connection of the piston rod 2.1.2 to the second lever arm 4.2 is established by moving the bolt bridge 2.2 to the deflection lever 4 and bringing it to rest on the deflection lever 4, which happens when pressure is applied to the unlocking chamber 2.1.3. The deflection lever 4 is turned and the safety bolts 3.1 are retracted against the spring force of the compression springs 3.2.

When pressure is applied to the locking chamber 2.1.1, the bolt bridge 2.2 is reversed and released from the second lever arm 4.2 Reversing lever 4 turns back due to the acting spring forces and the safety bolts 3.1 are extended. For a quick coupler described, according to the prior art, there are only two stable states that the quick coupler can assume, the locking state in which the locking bolts 2.3 and the securing bolts 3.1 are each extended and are in a locking position or securing position and the unlocking state in in which the locking bolts 2.3 and the safety bolts 3.1 are each retracted and are in a locking position or safety position.

In contrast to a quick coupler 1 according to the prior art, a quick coupler 1 according to the invention can assume three stable states, with the locking bolts 2.3 still being in the unlocked state in the additional third stable state, but the securing bolts 3.1 having arrived in the securing position. So that this third stable state can be set for the quick coupler 1, it differs significantly in the design of the locking bolts 2.3 and the connection of the locking bolts 2.3 to the locking bridge 2.2.

The differences that are essential to the invention are explained below with reference to FIGS. 3a-3c and FIGS. 4a-4c. For this purpose, for the sake of simplicity, the same reference numbers are used for means with the same designation as in the prior art, even if they differ from those in the prior art. A sectional view is shown in FIG. 5, which applies to both exemplary embodiments described below and from which the same features as in the prior art can be seen, which are not evident in FIGS. 3a-3c and FIGS. 4a-4c.

6a-6d, 7a-7d and 8a-8d show two different versions of the safety assembly in different states of the quick coupler, as they can each be advantageously combined with the aforementioned exemplary embodiments.

9a-8c shows the position of the indicator pin shown only schematically in FIGS. 3a-3c and 4a-4c, with its position relative to the position of the locking bolts in different states of the quick coupler. If the indicator pin is extended, the quick coupler is not yet locked. According to a first exemplary embodiment, shown in FIGS. 3a-3c, the locking bolts 2.3 each have a slot 8 arranged in the direction of a locking bolt axis 2.3.2. The locking bridge 2.2 can be displaced on the two locking bolts 2.3.2 in the direction of the locking bolt axes 2.3, with the maximum displacement path being limited by the length of the elongated holes 8 by guide elements 5 which engage in the elongated holes 8 being present on the locking bridge 2.2. On the housing 6 there are two stops 7 which, with maximum pressure applied in the unlocking chamber 2.1.3, the locking bolts 2.3 each bear against with one end 2.3.1. A collar 9 is formed at each of these ends 2.3.1, and a coil spring 10 is arranged between the collars 9 and the bolt bridge 2.2 on the locking bolts 2.3.

If the unlocking chamber 2.1.3, starting from a state as shown in Fig. 3c, is pressurized, the bolt bridge 2.2 is first moved along the elongated holes 8 towards the stops 7 from a second end position on the locking bolt 2.3 into a first end position moved on the locking bolt 2.3, wherein the spiral springs 10 are tensioned, as shown in Fig. 3b. When pushed further, the bolt bridge 2.2 takes the locking bolts 2.3 with it until they come to rest against the stops 7, as shown in FIG. 3a, the locking bolts 2.3 having arrived in an unlocking position. The quick coupler 1 is now like a quick coupler of the prior art in an unlocked state in which the locking bolts 2.3 and the safety bolts 3.1 are each retracted, ie are in an unlocked position or an unlocked position.

By then depressurizing the hydraulic cylinder 2.1, the spring force of the spiral springs 10 pushes the bolt bridge 2.2 back in the elongated holes 8 away from the stops 7 into the second end position on the locking bolt 2.3. Advantageously, the locking bolts 2.3 each have a bridge stop 11, against which the bolt bridge 2.2 comes into contact in the second end position, just before the maximum displacement path, limited by the length of the elongated holes 8, is reached. This prevents the bolt bridge 2.2 from hitting the ends of the elongated holes 8 and possible damage to the locking bolts 2.3 as a result can be avoided become. The quick coupler 1 is now in a static state, which a quick coupler 1 according to the prior art cannot assume. The locking bolts 2.3 are still retracted and are in the same unlocking position as before. The safety bolts 3.1, on the other hand, are extended and are accordingly in the safety position, since the connection between the bolt bridge 2.2 and the deflection lever 4 was canceled and the deflection lever 4 was able to rotate, whereby the safety bolts 3.1 were moved by spring force.

In Fig. 3a the quick coupler 1 according to the first embodiment is shown in the unlocked state, in which the locking bolts 2.3 are in an unlocked position and the safety bolts 3.1 are in an unlocked position when there is pressure in the unlocking chamber 2.1.3. The deflection lever 4 and the bolt bridge 2.2 are in a position relative to one another, as shown in FIG. 2b.

In Fig. 3b the quick coupler 1 according to the first embodiment is shown in the secured state in which the locking bolts 2.3 are still in the same unlocking position with the hydraulic cylinder 2.1 depressurized and the securing bolts 3.1 are in a securing position. The deflection lever 4 and the bolt bridge 2.2 are in a position relative to one another in which the deflection lever 4 is in a position as shown in FIG. 1b, but the distance between the deflection lever 4 and the bolt bridge 2.2 is very small, significantly smaller than shown here.

3c shows the quick coupler 1 according to the first exemplary embodiment in the locked state, in which, when there is pressure in the locking chamber 2.1.1, the locking bolts 2.3 are in a locking position and the safety bolts 3.1 are in the safety position. The deflection lever 4 and the bolt bridge 2.2 are in a position relative to one another as shown in FIG. 1b.

According to a second embodiment, shown in Figs. 4a - 4c, the locking bolts 2.3 are telescopic by an outer bolt part 2.3.3 and a therein guided inner bolt part 2.3.4 formed and the bolt bridge 2.2 is firmly connected to the outer bolt part 2.3.3. In the outer bolt part 2.3.3, a spring 2.3.5 is mounted coaxially, which bears against an inner end of the inner bolt part 2.3.4. Here, too, stops 7 are provided on the housing 6, against which the free end of the inner bolt part 2.3.4 rests in the unlocked position.

If the unlocking chamber 2.1.3 is pressurized, the bolt bridge 2.2 is displaced as far as possible towards the stops 7, in each case by the inner bolt parts

2.3.4 applied to the stops 7 and then maximum against the spring force of the springs

2.3.5 are pushed into the outer bolt parts 2.3.4, whereby the springs 2.3.5 are tensioned.

By then the hydraulic cylinder is depressurized 2.1, the inner bolt parts 2.3.4, with the relaxation of the springs 2.3.5, pressed out of the outer bolt parts 2.3.3, whereby the outer bolt parts 2.3.3 with the bolt bridge 2.2 attached thereto from the Plants 7 are moved away until the springs are relaxed 2.3.5 or their further relaxation within the outer bolt parts 2.3.3 is mechanically limited. It is important that the locking bolts 2.3 have been dimensioned here in such a way that the outer bolt parts 2.3.3 do not protrude from the quick coupler 1 in either of the states described and are therefore in an unlocking position.

Advantageously, two blind holes 12 are present in the housing 6, each with a base that forms one of the stops 7 and a respective introduced guide sleeve 13 in which one of the inner bolt parts 2.3.4 is guided.

4a shows the quick coupler 1 according to the second exemplary embodiment in the unlocked state, in which the locking bolts 2.3 are in an unlocked position and the safety bolts 3.1 are in an unlocked position when there is pressure in the unlocking chamber 2.1.3. The deflection lever 4 and the bolt bridge 2.2 are in a position relative to one another, as shown in FIG. 2b.

4b shows the quick coupler 1 according to the second embodiment in the secured state, in which the locking bolts 2.3 are still in the same unlocked position and the securing bolts 3.1 are in a secured position condition. The deflection lever 4 and the bolt bridge 2.2 are in a position relative to one another in which the deflection lever 4 is in a position as shown in FIG. 1b, but the distance between the deflection lever 4 and the bolt bridge 2.2 is very small, significantly smaller than shown here.

4c shows the quick coupler 1 according to the second exemplary embodiment in the locked state, in which, when there is pressure in the locking chamber 2.1.1, the locking bolts 2.3 are in a locking position and the safety bolts 3.1 are in the safety position. The deflection lever 4 and the bolt bridge 2.2 are in a position relative to one another, as shown in FIG. 1b.

In further exemplary embodiments, the fuse assembly 3 in particular can be designed differently. It can also have just one spring-bolt assembly with a compression spring 3.2 fixed to the frame and a safety bolt 3.1 arranged coaxially thereto with a safety bolt axis 3.1.1, which can be translated between a safety position and an unlocking position in the direction of the safety bolt axis 3.1.1. It is also not essential to the invention whether the safety bolt is connected indirectly, e.g. via a safety bridge 3.3, or directly to the deflection lever 4.

6a-6d show a partial view of a quick coupler 1 according to the invention with a first embodiment of a safety assembly 3, with a recess 3.3.1 in the safety bridge 3.3, in which the deflection lever 4 is engaged in the unlocking position, in different states.

In Fig. 6a an unlocked state is shown. A free end of the first lever arm 4.1 is engaged in the recess 3.3.1 of the safety bridge 3.3 and the safety bolt 3.1 protrudes slightly into the receiving opening 1.2.1. On the second lever arm 4.2 there is a pressure element 14 arranged parallel to the securing bolt 3.1 in the holding claw 1.2, here a spiral spring.

In the state shown in FIG. 6b, the locating bolt 0.1 has already been taken up a bit by the retaining claw 1.2, with the securing bolt 3.1 passing through the Locating pin 0.1 was pushed completely out of the receiving opening 1.2.1 and the free end of the first lever arm 4.1 is released supported by the action of the spring force of the spiral spring.

The safety bridge 3.3 now moves unhindered by the deflection lever 4 immediately in the direction of the receiving opening 1.2.1 as soon as the locating bolt 0.1 is fully inserted into the holding claw 1.2 and no longer the guide path for the safety bolt

3.1 blocked, as shown in Figs. 6c and 6d.

7a - 7d shows a partial view of a quick coupler according to the invention with a second advantageous embodiment of a safety assembly 3 with a recess 3.3.1 in the safety bridge 3.3, in which the deflection lever 4 is engaged in the unlocking position, in different states.

In contrast to the embodiment explained above, the pressure element 14 is a pin here, which protrudes into the receiving opening 1 .2.1 and is pushed out of the receiving opening 1 .2.1 when the locating bolt 0.1 is inserted. The deflection lever 4 is rotated and the free end of the first lever arm 4.1, which engages in the safety bridge 3.3, is rotated out of the recess 3.3.1. The safety bridge 3.3 can then be pushed unhindered in the direction of the exception opening 1.2.1 by the spring force of the compression spring 3.2, whereby the safety bolt 3.1 is pushed into the receiving opening 1.2. is postponed.

8a-8d show a partial view of a quick coupler according to the invention with a third advantageous embodiment of a safety assembly 3 with a recess 3.3.1 in the safety bridge 3.3, in which the deflection lever 4 is engaged in the unlocking position, in different states.

In contrast to the previously explained embodiments of the fuse assembly 3 according to FIGS. 6a-6d, the pressure element 14 is a pin-spring combination here.

In Figs. 9a - 9c the indicator pin 15 is in its interaction with the bolt bridge

2.2 shown in different states of the quick coupler 1. The indicator pin 15 is connected to the bolt bridge 2.2 and is in the housing 6, not shown here, slidable in the same direction as the bolt bridge 2.2, with a shift initiated in the bolt bridge 2.2 only over part of the Movement range of the bolt bridge 2.2 is transmitted with a translation of 1:1.

In the state of the quick coupler 1 shown in FIG. 9a, the indicator pin 15 protrudes in an extended position from the quick coupler 1, in which, according to FIGS. 3a and 4a, the locking bolts 2.3 are in the unlocked position and the safety bolt 3.1 is in the unlocked position condition.

If the bolt bridge 2.2 is now displaced from this first end position, with the quick coupler changing to the state shown in FIGS. 3b and 4b, the indicator pin 15 is not taken along and remains in the extended state, as shown in FIG. 9b.

If the bolt bridge 2.2 is moved further into the second end position, which is shown in FIGS. 3c and 4c, the indicator pin 15 is carried along by the bolt bridge 2.2 and moved into a retracted position, as shown in FIG. 9c.

The displacement of the indicator pin 15 is limited by a stop pin 16 . In order to carry the indicator pin 15 along only part of the range of movement of the bolt bridge 2.2, the indicator pin has a recess made in the direction of its pin axis, into which the bolt bridge 2.2 engages. The indicator pin can only be taken along by the bolt bridge when it strikes a boundary of the recess.

Alternatively, the indicator pin 15 has a further slot running in the direction of its pin axis, into which a driver pin present on the bolt bridge 2.2 engages.

In this case, the recess 17 or the further elongated hole has a length that is matched to the fact that an equally long maximum relative displacement between the indicator pin 15 and locking bridge 2.2 is possible, such as a maximum possible relative displacement between the locking bridge 2.2 and the locking bolt 2.3 , Determined by the length of the slot 5, is long. Reference List

0.1 Locating bolt (of an attachment)

0.2 Locking component (of an attachment)

1 quick coupler

1.1 Plant area

1.2 Holding Claw

1.2.1 Pickup Opening

1.2.1.1 clear width

2 latch assembly

2.1 Hydraulic cylinder

2.1.1 Lock Chamber

2.1.2 Piston rod

2.1.3 Unlocking Chamber

2.2 Latch bridge

2.3 locking bolts

2.3.1 End of locking bolt

2.3.2 Locking bolt axis

2.3.3 outer bolt part

2.3.4 inner bolt part

2.3.5 Spring

3 fuse assembly

3.1 Safety bolts

3.1.1 Securing pin axis

3.2 compression spring

3.3 fuse bridge

3.3.1 Recess

4 reversing levers

4.1 first lever arm

4.2 second lever arm

5 guide element

6 housing

7 stop Long hole

Federation

Coil spring bridge stop blind hole

guide sleeve

pressure element

indicator pin

stop pin

recess

Claims

22 patent claims

1. Quick coupler (1) for mounting an implement on a construction machine, the implement having a locating pin (0.1) and a locking component (0.2), with a housing (6) on which, for accommodating the locating pin (0.1), a holding claw ( 1 .2) is present, to which a safety assembly (3) is assigned, a contact surface (1.1) is present for contact with the locking component (0.2), to which a locking assembly (2) is assigned, and a rotatably mounted, two-armed deflection lever (4 ) is arranged, wherein the locking assembly (2) has a frame-mounted, double-acting hydraulic cylinder (2.1) with a piston rod (2.1 .2), a bolt bridge

(2.2) and two locking bolts (2.3), the bolt bridge (2.2) being firmly connected to the piston rod (2.1.2) and the locking bolts

(2.3), parallel to the piston rod (2.1.2) and guided through the contact surface (1.1), are connected to the bolt bridge (2.2), so that the locking bolts (2.3) are subjected to hydraulic pressure alternately by applying pressure to the hydraulic cylinder (2.1). can be moved into a locking position or an unlocking position, the safety assembly (3) containing at least one spring-bolt assembly with a compression spring (3.2) fixed to the frame and a safety bolt (3.1) arranged coaxially thereto and having a safety bolt axis (3.1.1). is translationally displaceable between a safety position and an unlocking position in the direction of the safety bolt axis (3.1.1), and the safety bolt (3) in the safety position partially projects into a receiving opening (1.2.1) of the holding claw (1.2), whereby a clear width (1.2 .1.1) of the receiving opening (1.2.1) is reduced in such a way that the retaining claw (1.2) received locating bolt (0.1) can no longer be moved out of the receiving opening (1 .2.1) and the reversing lever (4) is over a first lever arm (4.1) is permanently connected to the safety assembly (3) and via a second lever arm (4.2) in the unlocked position to the bolt bridge (2.2), characterized in that that there are two stops (7) on the housing (6), against which one end (2.3.1) of one of the two locking bolts (2.3) rests in the unlocked position, the bolt bridge (2.2) opposite the ends (2.3.1 ) along the locking bolt (2.3) between two end positions, is spring-mounted so that it can be displaced relatively, and the bolt bridge (2.2) is held in the first of the two end positions by hydraulic pressure and in the second of the two end positions without hydraulic pressure by spring force, with the Bolt bridge (2.2) in the second end position is not in contact with the second lever arm (4.2) and the at least one safety bolt (3) is in the safety position. Quick coupler (1) according to Claim 1, characterized in that the locking bolts (2.3) each have a slot (8) arranged in the direction of a locking bolt axis (2.3.2), the locking bridge (2.2) is guided in the two slots (8), the adjacent ends (2.3.1) are each formed as a collar (9) and the spring-loaded arrangement of the bolt bridge (2.2) is realized by two spiral springs (10), each between one of the collars (9) and the bolt bridge (2.2 ) are arranged around the locking bolts (2.3). Quick coupler (1) according to Claim 2, characterized in that the locking bolts (2.3) each have a bridge stop (11), on which the bolt bridge (2.2) rests in the second end position. Quick coupler (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that the locking bolts (2.3) are formed by an outer bolt part (2.3.3) and an inner bolt part (2.3.4) guided telescopically therein, the locking bridge (2.2) fixed to the outer Bolt part (2.3.3) is connected and in each case there is a spring (2.3.5) which is coaxially mounted in the outer bolt part (2.3.3) and rests on the inner bolt part (2.3.4), which springs the spring-mounted arrangement of the bolt bridge (2.2) realize. Quick coupler (1) according to Claim 1, characterized in that in the housing (6) there are two blind holes (12), each with a bottom which forms one of the stops (7) and in the blind holes (12) each have a guide sleeve (13) is introduced to guide the inner bolt part (2.3.4). Quick coupler (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that the safety bridge (3.3) has a recess (3.3.1) in which a free end of the first lever arm (4.1) is engaged in the unlocked position of the safety bolt (3.1). Quick coupler (1) according to claim 6, characterized in that a pressure element (14) is arranged parallel to the safety bolt 3.1 movable in the holding claw (1.2) which, when the free end of the first lever arm (4.1) is engaged, at a free end of the second lever arm ( 4.2) is present. Quick coupler (1) according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that the pressure element (14) is a spiral spring. Quick coupler (1) according to any one of claims 6 to 8, characterized in that the pressure element (14) is a pin. Quick coupler (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that with the bolt bridge (2.2) standing in connection indicator pin (15) is present. Quick coupler (1) according to claim 10, characterized in that in the indicator pin (15) there is a recess (17) into which the bolt bridge (2.2) engages. Quick coupler (1) according to claim 1 1, characterized in that a length of the recess (17) is dimensioned so that an equal maximum relative displacement between the indicator pin (15) and locking bridge 25

(2.2) is possible, corresponding to a maximum possible relative displacement between the bolt bridge (2.2) and the locking bolt (2.3), determined by the length of the slot (5).