WO2023115310A1 - System and method for calculating carbon emissions in crude steel production - Google Patents

System and method for calculating carbon emissions in crude steel production Download PDF

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WO2023115310A1
WO2023115310A1 PCT/CN2021/139975 CN2021139975W WO2023115310A1 WO 2023115310 A1 WO2023115310 A1 WO 2023115310A1 CN 2021139975 W CN2021139975 W CN 2021139975W WO 2023115310 A1 WO2023115310 A1 WO 2023115310A1
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carbon dioxide
carbon
dioxide emissions
unit
emission
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PCT/CN2021/139975
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Chinese (zh)
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郭玥锋
钱晶
郝琳杰
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北京航空航天大学苏州创新研究院
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Publication of WO2023115310A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023115310A1/en

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    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06Q—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G06Q10/00—Administration; Management
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    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06Q—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G06Q50/00—Information and communication technology [ICT] specially adapted for implementation of business processes of specific business sectors, e.g. utilities or tourism
    • G06Q50/10—Services
    • G06Q50/26—Government or public services

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  • the invention relates to the technical field of carbon emission accounting, in particular to a carbon emission accounting system and method for crude steel production.
  • China is the world's largest steel producer and consumer. In 2020, China produced a total of 1.065 billion tons of crude steel, accounting for 56.4% of the world's total; it consumed a total of 995 million tons of steel, accounting for 56.2% of the world's total. Among them, steel consumption in the construction sector accounted for 58.3% of the total consumption, machinery manufacturing accounted for 16.4%, and automobile manufacturing accounted for 5.4%. Exports and imports reached 51.4 million tons and 37.9 million tons respectively, with a net export of 13.5 million tons. From the perspective of carbon emissions, in 2019, the energy-related carbon dioxide emissions of China's iron and steel industry were 1.574 billion tons, accounting for 17% of the country's total emissions that year, the second largest emission source after the power sector. Reducing emissions from the steel industry is critical to China's carbon neutrality.
  • the present invention provides a carbon emission accounting system and method for crude steel production.
  • the carbon emission accounting system and method for crude steel production can more scientifically, effectively and accurately determine the crude steel production of iron and steel enterprises carbon emissions.
  • a carbon emission accounting system for crude steel production comprising:
  • the device end includes a carbon emission monitoring terminal, an accounting unit, and an input unit, and the input and output ends of the input unit are respectively connected to the accounting unit and the carbon emission monitoring terminal;
  • the field end includes a carbon emission source determination unit and a direct detection unit, the input and output ends of the direct detection unit are respectively connected to the carbon emission source determination unit and the input unit, and the carbon emission source determination unit is connected to the carbon emission source determination unit. Emission monitoring terminal connection.
  • the device end further includes a release unit, the input end of the release unit is connected to the output end of the carbon emission monitoring terminal.
  • the carbon emission monitoring terminal is provided with a carbon emission determination unit, the input end of the carbon emission determination unit is connected to the input unit, and the output end is connected to the release unit.
  • the device end also includes a carbon emission monitoring information platform, the input end of the carbon emission monitoring information platform is connected to the output end of the publishing unit.
  • the field end further includes a photographing unit, the output end of the photographing unit is connected to the input end of the carbon emission monitoring terminal.
  • a carbon emission accounting method for crude steel production comprising the following steps:
  • the carbon emission accounting method for crude steel production also includes the following steps: saving images or videos of each production process through monitoring or shooting in real time.
  • the production process includes a sintering process, a pelletizing process, a coking process, a blast furnace process and a steelmaking process.
  • the final total amount of carbon dioxide emissions is equal to the average of the two;
  • the final total amount of carbon dioxide emissions is equal to the total amount of carbon dioxide emissions obtained by direct detection.
  • the warning message of excessive carbon dioxide emissions and the images or videos saved through monitoring or shooting are uploaded and released.
  • the total carbon dioxide emissions directly detected by the direct detection unit, the total carbon dioxide emissions calculated by the accounting unit through the material balance algorithm, and the two sets of data are transmitted to the carbon emission determination unit in the carbon emission monitoring terminal, the carbon emission determination unit Analyzing and calculating a final total carbon dioxide emission, this method of calculating the carbon emissions of crude steel production in iron and steel enterprises is more scientific, more effective and more accurate.
  • the release unit will immediately send the warning information and captured images or videos of the carbon dioxide emission exceeding the standard in the carbon emission monitoring terminal to the carbon emission monitoring information platform, and the carbon emission monitoring information
  • the platform publishes the received information, and can know the current production process is unqualified at the first time, and can see the current situation of the production process according to the image or video on site, and can arrange countermeasures as soon as possible.
  • Fig. 1 is a block diagram of a carbon emission accounting system for crude steel production according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • Fig. 2 is a flow chart of a carbon emission accounting method for crude steel production
  • Figure 3 is a flow chart for calculating the final total carbon dioxide emissions
  • Figure 4 is a flow chart for judging whether the final total carbon dioxide emission exceeds the standard.
  • first and second are used for descriptive purposes only, and cannot be interpreted as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the quantity of indicated technical features.
  • the features defined as “first” and “second” may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of these features.
  • “plurality” means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise specifically defined.
  • a crude steel production carbon emission accounting system includes an equipment end 1 and a field end 2, and the equipment end 1 includes a carbon emission monitoring terminal 10, an accounting unit 11, an input unit 12, a publishing The unit 13 and the carbon emission monitoring information platform 14 ; the field terminal 2 includes a carbon emission source determination unit 20 , a direct detection unit 21 and a photographing unit 22 .
  • the input end of the input unit 12 is simultaneously connected to the output end of the direct detection unit 21 and the output end of the accounting unit 11 , and the output end is connected to the input end of the carbon emission monitoring terminal 10 .
  • the output end of the carbon emission source determination unit 20 is connected to the input end of the direct detection unit 21, the carbon emission source determination unit 20 is also connected to the carbon emission monitoring terminal 10, the output end of the photographing unit 22 is connected to the carbon emission monitoring terminal 10 input end, The input end of the release unit 13 is connected to the output end of the carbon emission monitoring terminal 10 , and the output end is connected to the carbon emission monitoring information platform 14 .
  • the system is more scientific, more effective and more accurate in accounting for the carbon emissions of crude steel production in iron and steel enterprises.
  • the carbon emission monitoring terminal 10 is provided with a carbon emission determination unit 100 , the input end of the carbon emission determination unit 100 is connected to the input unit 12 , and the output end is connected to the publishing unit 13 .
  • the carbon emission source determination unit 20 is configured to determine the carbon emission sources of each production process, and after confirming the carbon emission sources of each production process, the direct detection unit 21 continuously and directly detects the carbon dioxide emissions of each production process in crude steel production online. total amount.
  • the accounting unit 11 is also used to calculate the carbon dioxide emissions corresponding to the carbon emission sources of each process by using the material balance method for the carbon emission sources of each production process.
  • the total amount of carbon dioxide emissions obtained by direct detection and the total amount of carbon dioxide emissions calculated by the material balance algorithm are transmitted to the carbon emission determination unit 100 in the carbon emission monitoring terminal 10 through the input unit 12, and the carbon emission determination unit 100 compares and analyzes the direct detection unit 21
  • the total amount of carbon dioxide emissions obtained through direct detection and the total amount of carbon dioxide emissions calculated by the accounting unit 11 through the material balance method determine the final total amount of carbon dioxide emissions of crude steel production of the target enterprise.
  • a shooting unit 22 is also set at each process of crude steel production of the target enterprise, and the shooting unit 22 is used to shoot or monitor each production process, and broadcast the image or video to the carbon emission monitoring terminal 10 .
  • the carbon emission monitoring terminal 10 will report a warning message that the carbon dioxide emission exceeds the standard, and capture the information captured by the shooting unit 22 in real time. Captured images or monitoring videos, the publishing unit 13 uploads warning information, real-time captured images or monitoring videos, and real-time information of each process to the carbon emission monitoring information platform 14, and the carbon emission monitoring information platform 14 is responsible for the received information. Information is released. The system ensures that the current production process is unqualified at the first time, and the current situation of the production process can be seen according to the images or videos on site, and countermeasures can be arranged as soon as possible.
  • a method for calculating carbon emissions from crude steel production includes the following steps:
  • Crude steel that is, raw steel or steel billet, is the main part of steel production. It is a semi-finished product after molten iron is processed, alloyed, carbon and other elements are added to form it. It refers to the final steel processing raw material that the national steel industry can provide to the society. International Steel The association uses crude steel weight to count steel production in various countries. Its main purpose is to be used as a raw material to make plates, pipes, strips, wires, castings, etc. of various specifications, and its performance is determined by the alloy elements contained in the steel and the manufacturing process. Its production process includes sintering process, pelletizing process, coking process, blast furnace process and steelmaking process.
  • the iron ore sintering process is to form a mixture of iron ore powder, flux, fuel and returned ore in a certain proportion, with an appropriate amount of water, after mixing and granulating, cloth, ignition, ventilation, sintering, cooling, Grain sizing is the process of preparing artificial rich ore whose physical and chemical properties meet the requirements of blast furnace smelting.
  • the fuel is mainly coke powder and anthracite coal powder, and a part of gas is consumed for ignition, which is generally a mixture of blast furnace gas and converter gas, and the combustion process is dominated by complete combustion.
  • Pelletizing process The production of oxidized pellets is mainly based on high-grade iron concentrate as raw material, and a high-grade, high-strength, and reducible ironmaking charge is prepared through rolling forming, drying, and high-temperature roasting solid-phase bonding.
  • a high-grade, high-strength, and reducible ironmaking charge is prepared through rolling forming, drying, and high-temperature roasting solid-phase bonding.
  • the belt sintering machine and shaft furnace mainly use gas fuel, while the grate-rotary kiln can use gas or pulverized coal as fuel.
  • the combustion process is dominated by complete combustion.
  • Sintering solid fuel consumption accounts for 75% to 80% of the energy consumption of the sintering process. Solid fuel consumption is sintering and burning carbon, which will produce CO2 emissions. Therefore, the level of sintering solid fuel consumption determines the level of CO2 emissions in the sintering process.
  • Coking process lump coke plays an important role in the production process of blast furnace ironmaking, including providing heat, providing reducing agent, ensuring the gas permeability of the material column, etc., and is an indispensable raw material in the blast furnace ironmaking process.
  • Coking coal is used as raw material in the coking process, and coke, coke oven gas and other coking chemical products are produced through high-temperature dry distillation.
  • the coking high-temperature dry distillation process mainly consumes coke oven gas or mixed gas.
  • Blast furnace process The blast furnace process can also be called the ironmaking process.
  • Blast furnace ironmaking uses sinter, pellets and lump ore as iron-containing charge, and uses coke, coal powder, natural gas, hot air, etc. as energy sources.
  • the smelting process is carried out in a closed reactor. The reduction of iron ore and the melting of slag and iron are completed during the movement to obtain qualified liquid pig iron.
  • Fossil fuels such as coke, pulverized coal, and natural gas are incompletely combusted at the tuyeres to produce CO and H2 (coke and pulverized coal are the main energy sources of blast furnaces in my country, and the H2 content of the furnace top gas is very low), and the utilization rate of the gas when it leaves the furnace top is about 50%, of which about 20% is CO, that is, the blast furnace gas contains a part of chemical energy, and the chemical energy taken away by it accounts for about 35% of the total energy consumption per ton of iron (the total energy of actually converted coal and coke).
  • the fuel consumption level of the blast furnace ironmaking process determines the CO2 emission intensity.
  • the level of fuel ratio (including coke and pulverized coal) in the blast furnace ironmaking process determines the CO2 emission intensity.
  • Converter process blast furnace pig iron contains about 4.5% ⁇ 5.4% carburization [11], and converter smelting is essentially a decarburization reaction of molten iron.
  • the molten iron contains physical heat and chemical heat, and the converter smelting process (about 30 min/furnace) is completed by relying on this part of heat, and the converter smelting process can also recover a certain amount of converter gas (about 115 m3/t) and steam (ton steel steam production is about 90 kg)[12].
  • the conversion gas about 115 m3/t
  • steam ton steel steam production is about 90 kg
  • Electric furnace process hot molten iron is smelted by electric furnace.
  • the CO2 emission analysis of electric furnace process is not only the calculation of smelting with scrap steel, but also the CO2 emission generated by decarbonization of molten iron.
  • Some electric furnaces in our country have achieved multi-source energy, oxygen blowing, carbon spraying, and shortened smelting time.
  • the CO2 emission factors of these enterprises need to be re-analyzed.
  • the CO2 emission coefficient of the electric furnace process in my country is much higher than the international average level.
  • Table 1 shows each production process and the corresponding carbon emission source
  • the CO2 emission in the sintering process is mainly caused by the combustion of fuel in the sintering raw materials; the CO2 emission in the pelletizing process is mainly produced by the pellet roasting process; the CO2 emission in the coking process is mainly caused by the combustion of fuel for heating CO2 emissions in the blast furnace process are mainly produced when CO produced by coke reduces iron; CO2 emissions in the steelmaking process are mainly produced by the oxidation of carbon in molten iron to CO2.
  • S20 Save images or videos of each production process through monitoring or shooting in real time.
  • the E2 obtained by the material balance algorithm is calculated by the following formula:
  • E2 is the total carbon dioxide emission calculated by the material balance method, in kg; Ea is the carbon dioxide emission in the sintering process, in kg; Eb is the carbon dioxide emission in the pelletizing process, in kg; Ec is the carbon dioxide emission in the coking process
  • the unit is kg; Ed is the carbon dioxide emission of the blast furnace process, the unit is kg; Ee is the carbon dioxide emission of the steelmaking process, the unit is kg.
  • Table 2 shows the emission factors corresponding to each production process
  • Eb is the carbon dioxide emission of the pelletizing process, the unit is kg; ADb is the roasting amount of the pellets, the unit is kg; EFb is the carbon dioxide emission factor of the pellet roasting, indicating the carbon dioxide emission per unit of the pellet roasting Quantity, the unit is kg CO2/kg.
  • Ed is the carbon dioxide emission of the blast furnace process, the unit is kg; ADd is the coke consumption, the unit is kg; EFd is the carbon dioxide emission factor of coke, indicating the carbon dioxide emission per unit of coke, the unit is kg CO2/kg.
  • Ee is the carbon dioxide emission of the steelmaking process, in kg; ADe is the amount of molten iron, in kg; EFe is the carbon dioxide emission factor of molten iron carbon oxidation, indicating the carbon dioxide emission per unit of molten iron carbon oxidation, in kg CO2/kg.
  • S50 Compare and analyze the total amount of carbon dioxide emissions obtained through direct detection and the total amount of carbon dioxide emissions calculated through the material balance algorithm to obtain the final total amount of carbon dioxide emissions.
  • the final total amount of carbon dioxide emissions is equal to the average of the two;
  • the final total amount of carbon dioxide emissions is equal to the total amount of carbon dioxide emissions obtained by direct detection.
  • E is the final total carbon dioxide emission
  • E1 is the total carbon dioxide emission obtained by direct detection
  • E2 is the total carbon dioxide emission calculated by the material balance method.
  • S60 Compare the final total carbon dioxide emissions with the historical total carbon dioxide emissions of the enterprise, and determine whether the total carbon dioxide emissions exceed the standard.
  • the total amount of carbon dioxide emissions E1 directly detected by the direct detection unit 21, the total amount of carbon dioxide emissions E2 calculated by the accounting unit 11 through the material balance algorithm, and the two sets of data are sent to the carbon emission determination unit 100 in the carbon emission monitoring terminal 10,
  • the carbon emission determination unit 100 analyzes and calculates a final total amount of carbon dioxide emissions E.
  • the comprehensive accounting method and accounting system proposed here can more scientifically, effectively and accurately determine the carbon emissions of crude steel production in iron and steel enterprises. Through the setting of strict industrial carbon emission intensity benchmark values, the country's carbon emission control targets can be effectively implemented in key industries and enterprises. As an important parameter index for carbon quota allocation, carbon emission benchmark value can guide enterprises to improve their own carbon emission management and reduce carbon emission intensity with advanced technology. The scientific and reasonable setting of the carbon emission benchmark value is conducive to the construction of the carbon market in the steel industry and the reasonable allocation of carbon quotas in the steel industry.

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Abstract

Disclosed in the present invention is a system for calculating carbon emissions in crude steel production. The system comprises a device end and a field end, wherein the device end comprises a carbon emissions monitoring terminal, a calculation unit and an input unit, and an input end and an output end of the input unit are respectively connected to the calculation unit and the carbon emissions monitoring terminal; and the field end comprises a carbon emissions source determination unit and a direct detection unit, wherein an input end and an output end of the direct detection unit are respectively connected to the carbon emissions source determination unit and the input unit, and the carbon emissions source determination unit is connected to the carbon emissions monitoring terminal. By means of the present invention, the amount of carbon emissions in the crude steel production of an iron and steel enterprise can be determined more scientifically, more effectively and more accurately.

Description

一种粗钢生产碳排放核算系统及方法A carbon emission accounting system and method for crude steel production 技术领域technical field
本发明涉及碳排放核算技术领域，特别涉及一种粗钢生产碳排放核算系统及方法。The invention relates to the technical field of carbon emission accounting, in particular to a carbon emission accounting system and method for crude steel production.
背景技术Background technique
中国是全球最大的钢铁生产国和消费国。2020年，中国共生产10.65亿吨粗钢，占全球的56.4%；共消费9.95亿吨钢材，占全球的56.2%。其中，建筑部门钢铁消费量占总消费量的58.3%，机械制造占16.4%，汽车制造占5.4%。出口和进口分别达到了5140万吨和3790万吨，净出口1350万吨。从碳排放的角度看，2019年，中国钢铁行业能源相关二氧化碳排放量为15.74亿吨，占到了当年全国总排放量的17%仅次于电力部门的第二大排放源。钢铁行业的减排对于中国实现碳中和至关重要。China is the world's largest steel producer and consumer. In 2020, China produced a total of 1.065 billion tons of crude steel, accounting for 56.4% of the world's total; it consumed a total of 995 million tons of steel, accounting for 56.2% of the world's total. Among them, steel consumption in the construction sector accounted for 58.3% of the total consumption, machinery manufacturing accounted for 16.4%, and automobile manufacturing accounted for 5.4%. Exports and imports reached 51.4 million tons and 37.9 million tons respectively, with a net export of 13.5 million tons. From the perspective of carbon emissions, in 2019, the energy-related carbon dioxide emissions of China's iron and steel industry were 1.574 billion tons, accounting for 17% of the country's total emissions that year, the second largest emission source after the power sector. Reducing emissions from the steel industry is critical to China's carbon neutrality.
国家发展改革委于2015年发布了《温室气体排放核算与报告要求 第5部分：钢铁生产企业》（GB/T 32151.5-2015），提出了钢铁企业以法人或视同法人单位为边界的碳排放的核算方法。标准中给出了钢铁企业整体的碳排放的核算方法与范围，但并未提出具体工序的边界界定范围以及工序产品的核算方法。The National Development and Reform Commission issued the "Greenhouse Gas Emissions Accounting and Reporting Requirements Part 5: Iron and Steel Production Enterprises" (GB/T 32151.5-2015), proposed the accounting method of carbon emissions of iron and steel enterprises with the legal person or the legal person unit as the boundary. The standard gives the accounting method and scope of the overall carbon emissions of iron and steel enterprises, but does not propose the boundary definition scope of the specific process and the accounting method of process products.
由于我国钢铁企业在工序碳排放量计算方面没有统一的标准规范，不同企业间计算工序碳排放量边界范围不一样，造成碳排放量结果无法对标比较，例如焦炉产生的煤气算作焦化工序排放还是下游轧钢、高炉工序，在钢铁企业中是不统一的。Since my country's iron and steel enterprises do not have a unified standard for the calculation of process carbon emissions, the boundary ranges for the calculation of process carbon emissions are different among different enterprises, resulting in the inability to compare the results of carbon emissions. For example, the gas generated by the coke oven is counted as the coking process. Emissions or downstream steel rolling and blast furnace processes are not uniform in iron and steel enterprises.
技术问题technical problem
针对现有技术的不足，本发明提供了一种粗钢生产碳排放核算系统及方法，该粗钢生产碳排放核算系统及方法，可以更科学、更有效、更准确地确定钢铁企业粗钢生产的碳排放量。Aiming at the deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention provides a carbon emission accounting system and method for crude steel production. The carbon emission accounting system and method for crude steel production can more scientifically, effectively and accurately determine the crude steel production of iron and steel enterprises carbon emissions.
技术解决方案technical solution
本发明通过以下技术方案实现：The present invention is realized through the following technical solutions:
一种粗钢生产碳排放核算系统，包括：A carbon emission accounting system for crude steel production, comprising:
设备端和现场端；Equipment side and field side;
所述设备端包括碳排放监控终端、核算单元和输入单元，所述输入单元的输入端和输出端分别和所述核算单元和碳排放监控终端连接；The device end includes a carbon emission monitoring terminal, an accounting unit, and an input unit, and the input and output ends of the input unit are respectively connected to the accounting unit and the carbon emission monitoring terminal;
所述现场端包括碳排放源确定单元和直接检测单元，所述直接检测单元输入端和输出端分别和所述碳排放源确定单元和输入单元连接，所述碳排放源确定单元和所述碳排放监控终端连接。The field end includes a carbon emission source determination unit and a direct detection unit, the input and output ends of the direct detection unit are respectively connected to the carbon emission source determination unit and the input unit, and the carbon emission source determination unit is connected to the carbon emission source determination unit. Emission monitoring terminal connection.
进一步的，所述设备端还包括发布单元，所述发布单元的输入端和所述碳排放监控终端的输出端连接。Further, the device end further includes a release unit, the input end of the release unit is connected to the output end of the carbon emission monitoring terminal.
进一步的，所述碳排放监控终端中设置有碳排放确定单元，所述碳排放确定单元的输入端和所述输入单元连接、输出端和所述发布单元连接。Further, the carbon emission monitoring terminal is provided with a carbon emission determination unit, the input end of the carbon emission determination unit is connected to the input unit, and the output end is connected to the release unit.
进一步的，所述设备端还包括碳排放监控信息平台，所述碳排放监控信息平台的输入端和发布单元的输出端连接。Further, the device end also includes a carbon emission monitoring information platform, the input end of the carbon emission monitoring information platform is connected to the output end of the publishing unit.
进一步的，所述现场端还包括拍摄单元，所述拍摄单元的输出端和所述碳排放监控终端的输入端连接。Further, the field end further includes a photographing unit, the output end of the photographing unit is connected to the input end of the carbon emission monitoring terminal.
一种粗钢生产碳排放核算方法，包括以下步骤：A carbon emission accounting method for crude steel production, comprising the following steps:
确定各生产工序的二氧化碳排放源；Identify the sources of CO2 emissions from each production process;
直接检测得到二氧化碳排放总量；Direct detection of total carbon dioxide emissions;
通过物料衡算法核算出二氧化碳排放总量；Calculate the total carbon dioxide emissions through the material balance method;
比较分析直接检测得到的二氧化碳排放总量和通过物料衡算法核算出的二氧化碳排放总量，得到最终二氧化碳排放总量；Compare and analyze the total carbon dioxide emissions obtained by direct detection and the total carbon dioxide emissions calculated by the material balance method to obtain the final total carbon dioxide emissions;
比较最终二氧化碳排放总量和企业历史二氧化碳排放总量，判定二氧化碳排放总量是否超标。Compare the final total carbon dioxide emissions with the total historical carbon dioxide emissions of the enterprise to determine whether the total carbon dioxide emissions exceed the standard.
进一步的，粗钢生产碳排放核算方法还包括以下步骤：实时通过监控或拍摄保存各生产工序的图像或视频。Further, the carbon emission accounting method for crude steel production also includes the following steps: saving images or videos of each production process through monitoring or shooting in real time.
进一步的，所述生产工序包括烧结工序、球团工序、炼焦工序、高炉工序和炼钢工序。Further, the production process includes a sintering process, a pelletizing process, a coking process, a blast furnace process and a steelmaking process.
进一步的，所述步骤：比较分析直接检测得到的二氧化碳排放总量和通过物料衡算法核算出的二氧化碳排放总量，得到最终二氧化碳排放总量，具体包括：Further, the step: compare and analyze the total amount of carbon dioxide emissions obtained by direct detection and the total amount of carbon dioxide emissions calculated by the material balance method to obtain the final total amount of carbon dioxide emissions, specifically including:
若直接检测得到的二氧化碳排放总量不小于物料衡算法核算出二氧化碳排放总量，则最终二氧化碳排放总量等于两者的平均值；If the total amount of carbon dioxide emissions obtained by direct detection is not less than the total amount of carbon dioxide emissions calculated by the material balance method, the final total amount of carbon dioxide emissions is equal to the average of the two;
若直接检测得到的二氧化碳排放总量小于物料衡算法核算出的二氧化碳排放总量，则最终二氧化碳排放总量等于直接检测得到的二氧化碳排放总量。If the total amount of carbon dioxide emissions obtained by direct detection is less than the total amount of carbon dioxide emissions calculated by the material balance method, the final total amount of carbon dioxide emissions is equal to the total amount of carbon dioxide emissions obtained by direct detection.
进一步的，所述步骤：比较最终二氧化碳排放总量和企业历史二氧化碳排放总量，判定二氧化碳排放总量是否超标，具体包括：Further, the step: compare the final total carbon dioxide emissions with the historical total carbon dioxide emissions of the enterprise, and determine whether the total carbon dioxide emissions exceed the standard, specifically including:
若最终二氧化碳排放总量和企业历史二氧化碳排放总量的差值大于预设阈值，将二氧化碳排放超标的警告信息以及通过监控或拍摄保存的图像或视频进行上传并发布。If the difference between the final total carbon dioxide emissions and the total historical carbon dioxide emissions of the enterprise is greater than the preset threshold, the warning message of excessive carbon dioxide emissions and the images or videos saved through monitoring or shooting are uploaded and released.
有益效果Beneficial effect
1、通过直接检测单元直接检测得到的二氧化碳排放总量，核算单元通过物料衡算法核算出的二氧化碳排放总量，将两组数据传送到碳排放监控终端中的碳排放确定单元，碳排放确定单元分析核算出一个最终二氧化碳排放总量，该核算钢铁企业粗钢生产的碳排放量的方式更科学、更有效、更准确。1. The total carbon dioxide emissions directly detected by the direct detection unit, the total carbon dioxide emissions calculated by the accounting unit through the material balance algorithm, and the two sets of data are transmitted to the carbon emission determination unit in the carbon emission monitoring terminal, the carbon emission determination unit Analyzing and calculating a final total carbon dioxide emission, this method of calculating the carbon emissions of crude steel production in iron and steel enterprises is more scientific, more effective and more accurate.
2、通过在目标企业的粗钢生产各工序处设置拍摄单元，用于拍摄图像或视频，将记录的图像或视频保存到碳排放监控终端，一旦碳排放确定单元确认该企业最终二氧化碳排放总量与历史二氧化碳排放总量的差值大于预设阈值，则发布单元第一时间将碳排放监控终端中的二氧化碳排放超标的警告信息和拍摄图像或视频发送到碳排放监控信息平台，碳排放监控信息平台对接收到的信息进行发布，可以第一时间知道当前生产工序不合格，并根据现场的图像或视频看到生产工序的当前情况，并且可以尽快安排应对措施。2. By setting up a shooting unit at each process of crude steel production of the target enterprise, it is used to take images or videos, and save the recorded images or videos to the carbon emission monitoring terminal. Once the carbon emission determination unit confirms the final total carbon dioxide emissions of the enterprise If the difference with the total historical carbon dioxide emissions is greater than the preset threshold, the release unit will immediately send the warning information and captured images or videos of the carbon dioxide emission exceeding the standard in the carbon emission monitoring terminal to the carbon emission monitoring information platform, and the carbon emission monitoring information The platform publishes the received information, and can know the current production process is unqualified at the first time, and can see the current situation of the production process according to the image or video on site, and can arrange countermeasures as soon as possible.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1为本发明一实施例的一种粗钢生产碳排放核算系统的框图；Fig. 1 is a block diagram of a carbon emission accounting system for crude steel production according to an embodiment of the present invention;
图2为一种粗钢生产碳排放核算方法的流程图；Fig. 2 is a flow chart of a carbon emission accounting method for crude steel production;
图3为最终二氧化碳排放总量计算流程图；Figure 3 is a flow chart for calculating the final total carbon dioxide emissions;
图4为判断最终二氧化碳排放总量是否超标流程图。Figure 4 is a flow chart for judging whether the final total carbon dioxide emission exceeds the standard.
1、设备端；10、碳排放监控终端；100、碳排放确定单元；11、核算单元；12、输入单元；13、发布单元；14、碳排放监控信息平台；2、现场端；20、碳排放源确定单元；21、直接检测单元；22、拍摄单元。1. Equipment terminal; 10. Carbon emission monitoring terminal; 100. Carbon emission determination unit; 11. Accounting unit; 12. Input unit; 13. Release unit; 14. Carbon emission monitoring information platform; 2. Field terminal; 20. Carbon Emission source determination unit; 21. Direct detection unit; 22. Photographing unit.
本发明的实施方式Embodiments of the present invention
以下结合较佳实施例及其附图对发明技术方案作进一步非限制性的详细说明。在本发明的描述中，需要理解的是，术语“中心”、“纵向”、“横向”、“长度”、“宽度”、“厚度”、“上”、“下”、“前”、“后”、“左”、“右”、“竖直”、“水平”、“顶”、“底”“内”、“外”、“顺时针”、“逆时针”、“轴向”、“径向”、“周向”等指示的方位或位置关系为基于附图所示的方位或位置关系。此外，术语“第一”、“第二”仅用于描述目的，而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性或者隐含指明所指示的技术特征的数量。由此，限定有“第一”、“第二”的特征可以明示或者隐含地包括至少一个该特征。在本发明的描述中，“多个”的含义是至少两个，例如两个，三个等，除非另有明确具体的限定。下面通过参考附图描述的实施例是示例性的，旨在用于解释本发明，而不能理解为对本发明的限制。The following is a further non-limiting detailed description of the technical solution of the invention in combination with preferred embodiments and accompanying drawings. In describing the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "transverse", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", " Back", "Left", "Right", "Vertical", "Horizontal", "Top", "Bottom", "Inner", "Outer", "Clockwise", "Counterclockwise", "Axial", The orientation or positional relationship indicated by "radial direction", "circumferential direction", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings. In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only, and cannot be interpreted as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the quantity of indicated technical features. Thus, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of these features. In the description of the present invention, "plurality" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise specifically defined. The embodiments described below by referring to the figures are exemplary and are intended to explain the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
如图1所示，本发明一实施例的一种粗钢生产碳排放核算系统，包括设备端1和现场端2，设备端1包括碳排放监控终端10、核算单元11、输入单元12、发布单元13和碳排放监控信息平台14；现场端2包括碳排放源确定单元20、直接检测单元21和拍摄单元22。输入单元12的输入端同时和直接检测单元21输出端以及核算单元11的输出端连接、输出端和碳排放监控终端10的输入端连接。碳排放源确定单元20的输出端和直接检测单元21的输入端连接，碳排放源确定单元20还与碳排放监控终端10连接，拍摄单元22的输出端和碳排放监控终端10输入端连接，发布单元13的输入端和碳排放监控终端10的输出端连接、输出端和碳排放监控信息平台14连接。该系统核算钢铁企业粗钢生产的碳排放量的方式更科学、更有效、更准确。As shown in Figure 1, a crude steel production carbon emission accounting system according to an embodiment of the present invention includes an equipment end 1 and a field end 2, and the equipment end 1 includes a carbon emission monitoring terminal 10, an accounting unit 11, an input unit 12, a publishing The unit 13 and the carbon emission monitoring information platform 14 ; the field terminal 2 includes a carbon emission source determination unit 20 , a direct detection unit 21 and a photographing unit 22 . The input end of the input unit 12 is simultaneously connected to the output end of the direct detection unit 21 and the output end of the accounting unit 11 , and the output end is connected to the input end of the carbon emission monitoring terminal 10 . The output end of the carbon emission source determination unit 20 is connected to the input end of the direct detection unit 21, the carbon emission source determination unit 20 is also connected to the carbon emission monitoring terminal 10, the output end of the photographing unit 22 is connected to the carbon emission monitoring terminal 10 input end, The input end of the release unit 13 is connected to the output end of the carbon emission monitoring terminal 10 , and the output end is connected to the carbon emission monitoring information platform 14 . The system is more scientific, more effective and more accurate in accounting for the carbon emissions of crude steel production in iron and steel enterprises.
碳排放监控终端10中设置有碳排放确定单元100，碳排放确定单元100的输入端和输入单元12连接、输出端和发布单元13连接。The carbon emission monitoring terminal 10 is provided with a carbon emission determination unit 100 , the input end of the carbon emission determination unit 100 is connected to the input unit 12 , and the output end is connected to the publishing unit 13 .
使用时，碳排放源确定单元20被配置成确定各生产工序的碳排放源，确认好各生产工序的碳排放源后通过直接检测单元21连续在线直接检测粗钢生产中各生产工序的二氧化碳排放总量。同时，还通过核算单元11对各生产工序的碳排放源，采用物料衡算法核算各工序碳排放源对应的二氧化碳排放量。将直接检测得到的二氧化碳排放总量和物料衡算法核算出的二氧化碳排放总量通过输入单元12传输到碳排放监控终端10中的碳排放确定单元100，碳排放确定单元100比较分析直接检测单元21直接检测得到的二氧化碳排放总量和核算单元11通过物料衡算法核算出的二氧化碳排放总量，确定目标企业的粗钢生产最终二氧化碳排放总量。目标企业的粗钢生产各工序处还设置拍摄单元22，拍摄单元22用于拍摄或监控各生产工序，并将图像或视频放送到碳排放监控终端10。如果碳排放确定单元100比较分析得出最终最终二氧化碳排放总量超过企业历史二氧化碳排放总量预设阈值，碳排放监控终端10将报送二氧化碳排放超标的警告信息，并实时抓取拍摄单元22所拍摄到的图像或监控视频，发布单元13将警告信息、实时抓取的拍摄图像或监控视频、以及各工序的实时信息上传至碳排放监控信息平台14，碳排放监控信息平台14对接收到的信息进行发布。该系统保证可以第一时间知道当前生产工序不合格，并根据现场的图像或视频看到生产工序的当前情况，并且可以尽快安排应对措施。When in use, the carbon emission source determination unit 20 is configured to determine the carbon emission sources of each production process, and after confirming the carbon emission sources of each production process, the direct detection unit 21 continuously and directly detects the carbon dioxide emissions of each production process in crude steel production online. total amount. At the same time, the accounting unit 11 is also used to calculate the carbon dioxide emissions corresponding to the carbon emission sources of each process by using the material balance method for the carbon emission sources of each production process. The total amount of carbon dioxide emissions obtained by direct detection and the total amount of carbon dioxide emissions calculated by the material balance algorithm are transmitted to the carbon emission determination unit 100 in the carbon emission monitoring terminal 10 through the input unit 12, and the carbon emission determination unit 100 compares and analyzes the direct detection unit 21 The total amount of carbon dioxide emissions obtained through direct detection and the total amount of carbon dioxide emissions calculated by the accounting unit 11 through the material balance method determine the final total amount of carbon dioxide emissions of crude steel production of the target enterprise. A shooting unit 22 is also set at each process of crude steel production of the target enterprise, and the shooting unit 22 is used to shoot or monitor each production process, and broadcast the image or video to the carbon emission monitoring terminal 10 . If the carbon emission determination unit 100 compares and analyzes that the final total amount of carbon dioxide emissions exceeds the preset threshold value of the enterprise’s historical total amount of carbon dioxide emissions, the carbon emission monitoring terminal 10 will report a warning message that the carbon dioxide emission exceeds the standard, and capture the information captured by the shooting unit 22 in real time. Captured images or monitoring videos, the publishing unit 13 uploads warning information, real-time captured images or monitoring videos, and real-time information of each process to the carbon emission monitoring information platform 14, and the carbon emission monitoring information platform 14 is responsible for the received information. Information is released. The system ensures that the current production process is unqualified at the first time, and the current situation of the production process can be seen according to the images or videos on site, and countermeasures can be arranged as soon as possible.
如图2所示，本发明一实施例的一种粗钢生产碳排放核算方法，包括以下步骤：As shown in Figure 2, a method for calculating carbon emissions from crude steel production according to an embodiment of the present invention includes the following steps:
S10：确定各生产工序的二氧化碳排放源。S10: Identify the sources of carbon dioxide emissions in each production process.
粗钢，即原钢或钢坯，是钢铁生产的主要部分，是铁水经过加工、添加合金、碳等元素浇注成型后的半成品，是指全国钢铁行业可以向社会提供的最终钢材加工原料，国际钢铁协会用粗钢重量来统计各国钢产量。其主要用途是作为原料，制成各种规格的板材、管材、条钢、线材、 铸件等，其性能由钢中所含的合金元素及制造工艺决定。其生产工艺工序包括烧结工序、球团工序、炼焦工序、高炉工序、炼钢工序。Crude steel, that is, raw steel or steel billet, is the main part of steel production. It is a semi-finished product after molten iron is processed, alloyed, carbon and other elements are added to form it. It refers to the final steel processing raw material that the national steel industry can provide to the society. International Steel The association uses crude steel weight to count steel production in various countries. Its main purpose is to be used as a raw material to make plates, pipes, strips, wires, castings, etc. of various specifications, and its performance is determined by the alloy elements contained in the steel and the manufacturing process. Its production process includes sintering process, pelletizing process, coking process, blast furnace process and steelmaking process.
烧结工序：铁矿烧结过程是将铁矿粉、熔剂、燃料及返矿按一定比例组成混合料，配以适量水分，经混匀和制粒后，经布料、点火、抽风、烧结、冷却、整粒等制得物理及化学性能满足高炉冶炼要求的人造富矿的过程。燃料主要是焦粉和无烟煤粉，点火还要消耗一部分燃气，一般是高炉煤气和转炉煤气的混合气，燃烧过程以完全燃烧为主。Sintering process: The iron ore sintering process is to form a mixture of iron ore powder, flux, fuel and returned ore in a certain proportion, with an appropriate amount of water, after mixing and granulating, cloth, ignition, ventilation, sintering, cooling, Grain sizing is the process of preparing artificial rich ore whose physical and chemical properties meet the requirements of blast furnace smelting. The fuel is mainly coke powder and anthracite coal powder, and a part of gas is consumed for ignition, which is generally a mixture of blast furnace gas and converter gas, and the combustion process is dominated by complete combustion.
球团工序：氧化球团矿的生产主要是以高品位铁精矿为原料，通过滚动成型、干燥以及高温焙烧固相黏结制备得到一种品位高、强度高、还原性好的炼铁炉料。目前主要有链篦机-回转窑、带式焙烧机和竖炉三种工艺，由于焙烧和冷却带的热废气用于干燥、预热和助燃，因此带式焙烧机球团工艺的单位成品热耗相对较低，也可以细磨赤铁矿为主要原料进行球团生产。带式烧结机和竖炉主要采用气体燃料，链篦机-回转窑可以用气体或煤粉为燃料。燃烧过程以完全燃烧为主。烧结固体燃耗占烧结工序能耗的75%~80%。固体燃耗就是烧结燃碳，会产生CO2排放。所以说，烧结固体燃耗水平决定了烧结工序CO2排放量的水平。Pelletizing process: The production of oxidized pellets is mainly based on high-grade iron concentrate as raw material, and a high-grade, high-strength, and reducible ironmaking charge is prepared through rolling forming, drying, and high-temperature roasting solid-phase bonding. At present, there are mainly three processes: grate machine-rotary kiln, belt roaster and shaft furnace. Since the hot exhaust gas in the roasting and cooling zone is used for drying, preheating and combustion, the unit finished product heat of the belt roaster pellet process The consumption is relatively low, and finely ground hematite can also be used as the main raw material for pellet production. The belt sintering machine and shaft furnace mainly use gas fuel, while the grate-rotary kiln can use gas or pulverized coal as fuel. The combustion process is dominated by complete combustion. Sintering solid fuel consumption accounts for 75% to 80% of the energy consumption of the sintering process. Solid fuel consumption is sintering and burning carbon, which will produce CO2 emissions. Therefore, the level of sintering solid fuel consumption determines the level of CO2 emissions in the sintering process.
炼焦工序：块状焦炭在高炉炼铁生产过程中发挥着重要作用，包括提供热量、提供还原剂、保证料柱的透气性等，是高炉炼铁过程不可缺少的原料。炼焦过程以炼焦煤为原料，通过高温干馏，产生焦炭、焦炉煤气和其他炼焦化学产品，炼焦高温干馏过程消耗的主要是焦炉煤气或者混合煤气。Coking process: lump coke plays an important role in the production process of blast furnace ironmaking, including providing heat, providing reducing agent, ensuring the gas permeability of the material column, etc., and is an indispensable raw material in the blast furnace ironmaking process. Coking coal is used as raw material in the coking process, and coke, coke oven gas and other coking chemical products are produced through high-temperature dry distillation. The coking high-temperature dry distillation process mainly consumes coke oven gas or mixed gas.
高炉工序：高炉工序也可以称为炼铁工序。高炉炼铁以烧结矿、球团矿和块矿为含铁炉料，以焦炭、煤粉、天然气、热风等为能源，冶炼过程是在一个密闭反应器中进行的，在炉料与煤气流的逆流运动过程中完成的铁矿石的还原和渣铁熔分，获得合格的液态生铁。焦炭、煤粉、天然气等化石燃料在风口发生不完全燃烧生产CO 和H2（我国高炉以焦炭、煤粉为主要能源，炉顶煤气H2 含量很低），最终离开炉顶时煤气的利用率约50%，其中尚有20%左右的CO，即高炉煤气含有一部分化学能，其带走的化学能约占吨铁总能耗（实际转化的煤、焦总能量）的35%。高炉炼铁工序的燃料消耗水平，决定了CO2 排放强度，尽管影响高炉炼铁燃料消耗水平的因素众多，个别企业因自身原因能耗水平较高，但是现代高炉炼铁工艺技术已十分成熟，热效率高（达95%）。高炉炼铁工序的燃料比（包括焦炭和煤粉）水平，决定了CO2排放强度。Blast furnace process: The blast furnace process can also be called the ironmaking process. Blast furnace ironmaking uses sinter, pellets and lump ore as iron-containing charge, and uses coke, coal powder, natural gas, hot air, etc. as energy sources. The smelting process is carried out in a closed reactor. The reduction of iron ore and the melting of slag and iron are completed during the movement to obtain qualified liquid pig iron. Fossil fuels such as coke, pulverized coal, and natural gas are incompletely combusted at the tuyeres to produce CO and H2 (coke and pulverized coal are the main energy sources of blast furnaces in my country, and the H2 content of the furnace top gas is very low), and the utilization rate of the gas when it leaves the furnace top is about 50%, of which about 20% is CO, that is, the blast furnace gas contains a part of chemical energy, and the chemical energy taken away by it accounts for about 35% of the total energy consumption per ton of iron (the total energy of actually converted coal and coke). The fuel consumption level of the blast furnace ironmaking process determines the CO2 emission intensity. Although there are many factors affecting the fuel consumption level of the blast furnace ironmaking process, and individual enterprises have high energy consumption levels due to their own reasons, the modern blast furnace ironmaking process technology is very mature, and the thermal efficiency High (up to 95%). The level of fuel ratio (including coke and pulverized coal) in the blast furnace ironmaking process determines the CO2 emission intensity.
炼钢工序现在主要有两种不同的工序：转炉工序和电炉工序。There are mainly two different processes in the steelmaking process: the converter process and the electric furnace process.
转炉工序：高炉生铁中约含有4.5%~5.4%的渗碳[11]，转炉冶炼实质上是铁水脱碳反应。铁水含有物理热和化学热，转炉冶炼过程（约30 min/炉）就是依靠这部分热量完成的，而且转炉冶炼过程还可以回收一定量的转炉煤气（约115 m3/t）和蒸汽（吨钢产汽约90 kg）[12]。按工序能耗的计算方法，这部分回收的煤气和蒸汽的热值扣减掉冶炼过程消耗的电力、氧气和水对应的能耗是有盈余的，这就是所谓的“负能炼钢”。我国已经基本实现“负能炼钢”，且能效水平不断提高。但是，转炉炼钢过程将铁水中的元素碳氧化成CO、CO2，还消耗了氧气（约50 m3/t）和电力，从而排放了一定量的CO2。此外，根据生产的钢种不同，脱碳的深度也不一样，产生的CO2 排放量也会不一样。Converter process: blast furnace pig iron contains about 4.5%~5.4% carburization [11], and converter smelting is essentially a decarburization reaction of molten iron. The molten iron contains physical heat and chemical heat, and the converter smelting process (about 30 min/furnace) is completed by relying on this part of heat, and the converter smelting process can also recover a certain amount of converter gas (about 115 m3/t) and steam (ton steel steam production is about 90 kg)[12]. According to the calculation method of process energy consumption, there is a surplus after deducting the energy consumption corresponding to the electricity, oxygen and water consumed in the smelting process from the calorific value of the recovered gas and steam. This is the so-called "negative energy steelmaking". my country has basically realized "negative energy steelmaking", and the level of energy efficiency has been continuously improved. However, the converter steelmaking process oxidizes elemental carbon in molten iron into CO and CO2, and consumes oxygen (about 50 m3/t) and electricity, thereby emitting a certain amount of CO2. In addition, depending on the type of steel produced, the depth of decarburization varies, resulting in different CO2 emissions.
电炉工序：是通过电炉冶炼热铁水，电炉工序CO2排放分析，也不光是用废钢冶炼的计算，还要计算铁水脱碳所产生的CO2排放。我国一些电炉已实现能源多源化，进行吹氧、喷碳，缩短冶炼时间。这些企业的CO2排放系数要重新进行分析。一般来讲，我国电炉工序CO2排放系数要远高于国际平均水平。Electric furnace process: hot molten iron is smelted by electric furnace. The CO2 emission analysis of electric furnace process is not only the calculation of smelting with scrap steel, but also the CO2 emission generated by decarbonization of molten iron. Some electric furnaces in our country have achieved multi-source energy, oxygen blowing, carbon spraying, and shortened smelting time. The CO2 emission factors of these enterprises need to be re-analyzed. Generally speaking, the CO2 emission coefficient of the electric furnace process in my country is much higher than the international average level.
参考表1,表1为各生产工序与对应的碳排放源；
Figure dest_path_image002aaaaa
Refer to Table 1, Table 1 shows each production process and the corresponding carbon emission source;
Figure dest_path_image002aaaaa
表1Table 1
烧结工序过程中的CO2排放主要是由烧结原料中燃料燃烧引起的；球团工序过程中的CO2排放主要是球团矿焙烧过程产生的；炼焦工序过程中的CO2排放主要是由加热用燃料燃烧产生的；高炉工序过程中的CO2排放主要是焦炭产生的CO还原铁时产生的；炼钢工序过程中的CO2排放主要是铁水中的碳氧化成CO2而产生的。The CO2 emission in the sintering process is mainly caused by the combustion of fuel in the sintering raw materials; the CO2 emission in the pelletizing process is mainly produced by the pellet roasting process; the CO2 emission in the coking process is mainly caused by the combustion of fuel for heating CO2 emissions in the blast furnace process are mainly produced when CO produced by coke reduces iron; CO2 emissions in the steelmaking process are mainly produced by the oxidation of carbon in molten iron to CO2.
S20: 实时通过监控或拍摄保存各生产工序的图像或视频。S20: Save images or videos of each production process through monitoring or shooting in real time.
S30：直接检测得到二氧化碳排放总量。S30: Get the total amount of carbon dioxide emissions through direct detection.
S40：通过物料衡算法核算出二氧化碳排放总量。S40: Calculate the total amount of carbon dioxide emissions through the material balance method.
物料衡算法获得的E2,采用如下公式进行计算：The E2 obtained by the material balance algorithm is calculated by the following formula:
E2=Ea+Eb+Ec+Ed+Ee；E2=Ea+Eb+Ec+Ed+Ee;
其中，E2为物料衡算法核算出的二氧化碳排放总量，单位为kg；Ea为烧结工序二氧化碳排放量，单位为kg；Eb为球团工序二氧化碳排放量，单位为kg；Ec为炼焦工序二氧化碳排放量，单位为kg；Ed为高炉工序二氧化碳排放量，单位为kg；Ee为炼钢工序二氧化碳排放量，单位为kg。Among them, E2 is the total carbon dioxide emission calculated by the material balance method, in kg; Ea is the carbon dioxide emission in the sintering process, in kg; Eb is the carbon dioxide emission in the pelletizing process, in kg; Ec is the carbon dioxide emission in the coking process The unit is kg; Ed is the carbon dioxide emission of the blast furnace process, the unit is kg; Ee is the carbon dioxide emission of the steelmaking process, the unit is kg.
如表2所示，表2为各生产工序对应的排放因子；
Figure dest_path_image004aaaaa
As shown in Table 2, Table 2 shows the emission factors corresponding to each production process;
Figure dest_path_image004aaaaa
表2Table 2
Ea=ADa×EFa；Ea=ADa×EFa;
其中，Ea为烧结工序二氧化碳排放量，单位为kg；ADa为固体燃料消耗量，单位为kg；EFa为固体燃料的二氧化碳排放因子，表示每单位固体燃料的二氧化碳排放量，单位为kg CO2/kg。Among them, Ea is the carbon dioxide emission of the sintering process, the unit is kg; ADa is the solid fuel consumption, the unit is kg; EFa is the carbon dioxide emission factor of the solid fuel, indicating the carbon dioxide emission per unit of solid fuel, the unit is kg CO2/kg.
Eb=ADb×EFb；Eb=ADb×EFb;
其中，Eb为球团工序二氧化碳排放量，单位为kg；ADb为球团矿的焙烧量，单位为kg；EFb为球团矿焙烧的二氧化碳排放因子，表示每单位球团矿焙烧量的二氧化碳排放量，单位为kg CO2/kg。Among them, Eb is the carbon dioxide emission of the pelletizing process, the unit is kg; ADb is the roasting amount of the pellets, the unit is kg; EFb is the carbon dioxide emission factor of the pellet roasting, indicating the carbon dioxide emission per unit of the pellet roasting Quantity, the unit is kg CO2/kg.
Ec=ADc×EFc；Ec=ADc×EFc;
Ec为炼焦工序二氧化碳排放量，单位为kg；ADc为燃料消耗量，单位为kg；EFc为燃料的二氧化碳排放因子，表示每单位燃料的二氧化碳排放量，单位为kg CO2/kg。Ec is the carbon dioxide emission of the coking process, the unit is kg; ADc is the fuel consumption, the unit is kg; EFc is the carbon dioxide emission factor of the fuel, indicating the carbon dioxide emission per unit of fuel, the unit is kg CO2/kg.
Ed=ADd×EFd；Ed=ADd×EFd;
Ed为高炉工序二氧化碳排放量，单位为kg；ADd为焦炭消耗量，单位为kg；EFd为焦炭的二氧化碳排放因子，表示每单位焦炭的二氧化碳排放量，单位为kg CO2/kg。Ed is the carbon dioxide emission of the blast furnace process, the unit is kg; ADd is the coke consumption, the unit is kg; EFd is the carbon dioxide emission factor of coke, indicating the carbon dioxide emission per unit of coke, the unit is kg CO2/kg.
Ee=ADe×EFe；Ee=ADe×EFe;
Ee为炼钢工序二氧化碳排放量，单位为kg；ADe为铁水量，单位为kg；EFe为铁水碳氧化的二氧化碳排放因子，表示每单位铁水碳氧化的二氧化碳排放量，单位为kg CO2/kg。Ee is the carbon dioxide emission of the steelmaking process, in kg; ADe is the amount of molten iron, in kg; EFe is the carbon dioxide emission factor of molten iron carbon oxidation, indicating the carbon dioxide emission per unit of molten iron carbon oxidation, in kg CO2/kg.
S50：比较分析直接检测得到的二氧化碳排放总量和通过物料衡算法核算出的二氧化碳排放总量，得到最终二氧化碳排放总量。S50: Compare and analyze the total amount of carbon dioxide emissions obtained through direct detection and the total amount of carbon dioxide emissions calculated through the material balance algorithm to obtain the final total amount of carbon dioxide emissions.
若直接检测得到的二氧化碳排放总量不小于物料衡算法核算出二氧化碳排放总量，则最终二氧化碳排放总量等于两者的平均值；If the total amount of carbon dioxide emissions obtained by direct detection is not less than the total amount of carbon dioxide emissions calculated by the material balance method, the final total amount of carbon dioxide emissions is equal to the average of the two;
若直接检测得到的二氧化碳排放总量小于物料衡算法核算出的二氧化碳排放总量，则最终二氧化碳排放总量等于直接检测得到的二氧化碳排放总量。If the total amount of carbon dioxide emissions obtained by direct detection is less than the total amount of carbon dioxide emissions calculated by the material balance method, the final total amount of carbon dioxide emissions is equal to the total amount of carbon dioxide emissions obtained by direct detection.
具体的，参考图3，Specifically, referring to Figure 3,
Figure dest_path_image006aaa
；
Figure dest_path_image006aaa
;
其中，E为最终二氧化碳排放总量；E1为直接检测得到的二氧化碳排放总量；E2为物料衡算法核算出的二氧化碳排放总量。Among them, E is the final total carbon dioxide emission; E1 is the total carbon dioxide emission obtained by direct detection; E2 is the total carbon dioxide emission calculated by the material balance method.
S60：比较最终二氧化碳排放总量和企业历史二氧化碳排放总量，判定二氧化碳排放总量是否超标。S60: Compare the final total carbon dioxide emissions with the historical total carbon dioxide emissions of the enterprise, and determine whether the total carbon dioxide emissions exceed the standard.
参考图4，若最终二氧化碳排放总量E和企业历史二氧化碳排放总量E’的差值大于预设阈值，将二氧化碳排放超标的警告信息、通过监控或拍摄保存的图像或视频以及各生产工序的实时信息进行上传并发布，否则，即为正常。Referring to Figure 4, if the difference between the final total carbon dioxide emissions E and the enterprise's historical total carbon dioxide emissions E' is greater than the preset threshold, the warning message of excessive carbon dioxide emissions, the images or videos saved by monitoring or shooting, and the production process Real-time information is uploaded and released, otherwise, it is normal.
通过直接检测单元21直接检测得到的二氧化碳排放总量E1，核算单元11通过物料衡算法核算出的二氧化碳排放总量E2，将两组数据传送到碳排放监控终端10中的碳排放确定单元100，碳排放确定单元100分析核算出一个最终二氧化碳排放总量E，现提出的综合核算方法以及核算系统，可以更科学、更有效、更准确地确定钢铁企业粗钢生产的碳排放量。通过严格的行业碳排放强度基准值的设定，可以使国家的碳排放控制目标有效落实到重点行业和企业。碳排放基准值作为碳配额分配的重要参数指标，可以引导企业提高自身碳排放管理，以先进技术降低碳排放强度。碳排放基准值科学、合理的设置，有利于钢铁行业碳市场的构建以及钢铁行业碳配额的合理分配。The total amount of carbon dioxide emissions E1 directly detected by the direct detection unit 21, the total amount of carbon dioxide emissions E2 calculated by the accounting unit 11 through the material balance algorithm, and the two sets of data are sent to the carbon emission determination unit 100 in the carbon emission monitoring terminal 10, The carbon emission determination unit 100 analyzes and calculates a final total amount of carbon dioxide emissions E. The comprehensive accounting method and accounting system proposed here can more scientifically, effectively and accurately determine the carbon emissions of crude steel production in iron and steel enterprises. Through the setting of strict industrial carbon emission intensity benchmark values, the country's carbon emission control targets can be effectively implemented in key industries and enterprises. As an important parameter index for carbon quota allocation, carbon emission benchmark value can guide enterprises to improve their own carbon emission management and reduce carbon emission intensity with advanced technology. The scientific and reasonable setting of the carbon emission benchmark value is conducive to the construction of the carbon market in the steel industry and the reasonable allocation of carbon quotas in the steel industry.
以上所述实施例仅表达了本发明的几种实施方式，其描述较为具体和详细，但并不能因此而理解为对本发明专利范围的限制。应当指出的是，对于本领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本发明构思的前提下，还可以做出若干变形和改进，这些都属于本发明的保护范围。因此，本发明专利的保护范围应以所附权利要求为准。The above-mentioned embodiments only express several implementation modes of the present invention, and the description thereof is relatively specific and detailed, but should not be construed as limiting the patent scope of the present invention. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, several modifications and improvements can be made without departing from the concept of the present invention, and these all belong to the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the patent for the present invention should be based on the appended claims.

Claims (10)

  1. 一种粗钢生产碳排放核算系统，其特征在于，包括：A carbon emission accounting system for crude steel production, characterized in that it includes:
    设备端（1）和现场端（2）；Device side (1) and field side (2);
    所述设备端（1）包括碳排放监控终端（10）、核算单元（11）和输入单元（12），所述输入单元（12）的输入端和输出端分别和所述核算单元（11）和碳排放监控终端（10）连接；The device end (1) includes a carbon emission monitoring terminal (10), an accounting unit (11) and an input unit (12), and the input end and output end of the input unit (12) are respectively connected with the accounting unit (11) Connect with the carbon emission monitoring terminal (10);
    所述现场端（2）包括碳排放源确定单元（20）和直接检测单元（21），所述直接检测单元（21）输入端和输出端分别和所述碳排放源确定单元（20）和输入单元（12）连接，所述碳排放源确定单元（20）和所述碳排放监控终端（10）连接。The field end (2) includes a carbon emission source determination unit (20) and a direct detection unit (21), and the input and output ends of the direct detection unit (21) are respectively connected with the carbon emission source determination unit (20) and The input unit (12) is connected, and the carbon emission source determination unit (20) is connected to the carbon emission monitoring terminal (10).
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的粗钢生产碳排放核算系统，其特征在于，所述设备端（1）还包括发布单元（13），所述发布单元（13）的输入端和所述碳排放监控终端（10）的输出端连接。The carbon emission accounting system for crude steel production according to claim 1, characterized in that, the equipment end (1) also includes a release unit (13), the input end of the release unit (13) and the carbon emission monitoring terminal (10) for the output connection.
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的粗钢生产碳排放核算系统，其特征在于，所述碳排放监控终端（10）中设置有碳排放确定单元（100），所述碳排放确定单元（100）的输入端和所述输入单元（12）连接、输出端和所述发布单元（13）连接。The carbon emission accounting system for crude steel production according to claim 2, characterized in that, the carbon emission monitoring terminal (10) is provided with a carbon emission determination unit (100), and the input of the carbon emission determination unit (100) The terminal is connected to the input unit (12), and the output terminal is connected to the publishing unit (13).
  4. 根据权利要求2所述的粗钢生产碳排放核算系统，其特征在于，所述设备端（1）还包括碳排放监控信息平台（14），所述碳排放监控信息平台（14）的输入端和发布单元（13）的输出端连接。The carbon emission accounting system for crude steel production according to claim 2, characterized in that, the equipment end (1) also includes a carbon emission monitoring information platform (14), and the input end of the carbon emission monitoring information platform (14) It is connected with the output terminal of the release unit (13).
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的粗钢生产碳排放核算系统，其特征在于，所述现场端（2）还包括拍摄单元（22），所述拍摄单元（22）的输出端和所述碳排放监控终端（10）的输入端连接。The carbon emission accounting system for crude steel production according to claim 1, characterized in that, the field end (2) also includes a photographing unit (22), the output terminal of the photographing unit (22) and the carbon emission monitoring Terminal (10) input connection.
  6. 一种粗钢生产碳排放核算方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：A carbon emission accounting method for crude steel production, characterized in that it comprises the following steps:
    确定各生产工序的二氧化碳排放源；Identify the sources of CO2 emissions from each production process;
    直接检测得到二氧化碳排放总量；Direct detection of total carbon dioxide emissions;
    通过物料衡算法核算出二氧化碳排放总量；Calculate the total carbon dioxide emissions through the material balance method;
    比较分析直接检测得到的二氧化碳排放总量和通过物料衡算法核算出的二氧化碳排放总量，得到最终二氧化碳排放总量；Compare and analyze the total carbon dioxide emissions obtained by direct detection and the total carbon dioxide emissions calculated by the material balance method to obtain the final total carbon dioxide emissions;
    比较最终二氧化碳排放总量和企业历史二氧化碳排放总量，判定最终二氧化碳排放总量是否超标。Compare the final total carbon dioxide emissions with the total historical carbon dioxide emissions of the enterprise to determine whether the final total carbon dioxide emissions exceed the standard.
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的粗钢生产碳排放核算方法，其特征在于，粗钢生产碳排放核算方法还包括以下步骤：实时通过监控或拍摄保存各生产工序的图像或视频。The carbon emission accounting method for crude steel production according to claim 6, characterized in that the carbon emission accounting method for crude steel production further comprises the following steps: saving images or videos of each production process by monitoring or shooting in real time.
  8. 根据权利要求6所述的粗钢生产碳排放核算方法，其特征在于，所述生产工序包括烧结工序、球团工序、炼焦工序、高炉工序和炼钢工序。The carbon emission accounting method for crude steel production according to claim 6, wherein the production process includes a sintering process, a pelletizing process, a coking process, a blast furnace process and a steelmaking process.
  9. 根据权利要求6所述的粗钢生产碳排放核算方法，其特征在于，所述步骤：比较分析直接检测得到的二氧化碳排放总量和通过物料衡算法核算出的二氧化碳排放总量，得到最终二氧化碳排放总量，具体包括：The carbon emission accounting method for crude steel production according to claim 6, characterized in that, the step: comparing and analyzing the total amount of carbon dioxide emissions obtained by direct detection and the total amount of carbon dioxide emissions calculated by the material balance algorithm to obtain the final carbon dioxide emissions total, including:
    若直接检测得到的二氧化碳排放总量不小于物料衡算法核算出二氧化碳排放总量，则最终二氧化碳排放总量等于两者的平均值；If the total amount of carbon dioxide emissions obtained by direct detection is not less than the total amount of carbon dioxide emissions calculated by the material balance method, the final total amount of carbon dioxide emissions is equal to the average of the two;
    若直接检测得到的二氧化碳排放总量小于物料衡算法核算出的二氧化碳排放总量，则最终二氧化碳排放总量等于直接检测得到的二氧化碳排放总量。If the total amount of carbon dioxide emissions obtained by direct detection is less than the total amount of carbon dioxide emissions calculated by the material balance method, the final total amount of carbon dioxide emissions is equal to the total amount of carbon dioxide emissions obtained by direct detection.
  10. 根据权利要求7所述的粗钢生产碳排放核算方法，其特征在于，所述步骤：比较最终二氧化碳排放总量和企业历史二氧化碳排放总量，判定二氧化碳排放总量是否超标，具体包括：The carbon emission accounting method for crude steel production according to claim 7, wherein the step is: comparing the final total carbon dioxide emission with the historical total carbon dioxide emission of the enterprise, and determining whether the total carbon dioxide emission exceeds the standard, specifically comprising:
    若最终二氧化碳排放总量和企业历史二氧化碳排放总量的差值大于预设阈值，将二氧化碳排放超标的警告信息以及通过监控或拍摄保存的图像或视频进行上传并发布。If the difference between the final total carbon dioxide emissions and the total historical carbon dioxide emissions of the enterprise is greater than the preset threshold, the warning message of excessive carbon dioxide emissions and the images or videos saved through monitoring or shooting are uploaded and released.
PCT/CN2021/139975 2021-12-21 2021-12-21 System and method for calculating carbon emissions in crude steel production WO2023115310A1 (en)

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