WO2023110058A1 - Composant revêtu semi-transparent à optimisation optique et éventuellement électromagnétique - Google Patents

Composant revêtu semi-transparent à optimisation optique et éventuellement électromagnétique Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023110058A1
WO2023110058A1 PCT/EP2021/085515 EP2021085515W WO2023110058A1 WO 2023110058 A1 WO2023110058 A1 WO 2023110058A1 EP 2021085515 W EP2021085515 W EP 2021085515W WO 2023110058 A1 WO2023110058 A1 WO 2023110058A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
coated part
coating
coloring
component according
light
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2021/085515
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Mathias Maier
Ruediger Schaefer
Original Assignee
Oerlikon Surface Solutions Ag, Pfäffikon
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Oerlikon Surface Solutions Ag, Pfäffikon filed Critical Oerlikon Surface Solutions Ag, Pfäffikon
Publication of WO2023110058A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023110058A1/fr

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
    • G02B5/20—Filters
    • G02B5/28—Interference filters
    • G02B5/285—Interference filters comprising deposited thin solid films
    • G02B5/286—Interference filters comprising deposited thin solid films having four or fewer layers, e.g. for achieving a colour effect
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
    • G02B27/0012—Optical design, e.g. procedures, algorithms, optimisation routines
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03K—PULSE TECHNIQUE
    • H03K17/00—Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and –breaking
    • H03K17/94—Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and –breaking characterised by the way in which the control signals are generated
    • H03K17/945—Proximity switches
    • H03K17/955—Proximity switches using a capacitive detector
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03K—PULSE TECHNIQUE
    • H03K17/00—Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and –breaking
    • H03K17/94—Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and –breaking characterised by the way in which the control signals are generated
    • H03K17/96—Touch switches
    • H03K17/962—Capacitive touch switches
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03K—PULSE TECHNIQUE
    • H03K2217/00—Indexing scheme related to electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making or -breaking covered by H03K17/00
    • H03K2217/94—Indexing scheme related to electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making or -breaking covered by H03K17/00 characterised by the way in which the control signal is generated
    • H03K2217/96—Touch switches
    • H03K2217/9607—Capacitive touch switches
    • H03K2217/960785—Capacitive touch switches with illumination

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a component having a coated part comprising a coloring coating, providing a color effect to the front surface of the coated part, preferably providing metallic appearance, and electromagnetic spectrum-adjusting means for enabling the transmission of a light exhibiting a predetermined electromagnetic spectrum as described in the independent claim 1.
  • the component can be radar-transparent or non-radar transparent. Preferred embodiments of the present invention are described in the dependent claims.
  • the present invention relates also to a coating provided on a transparent or semitransparent plastic component that is selected in such a way that when it is backlit by a light source having a specific electromagnetic spectrum, the coating acts like an optical filter and transmits the light so that the visible light seen through the coating has a similar electromagnetic spectrum as the source of light without the coating, wherein when it is not backlit by a light source, the coating transmits and reflects the ambient light in such a way that it does not look completely transparent to visible light; wherein the coating is preferably transparent to electromagnetic waves, in particular radar waves (i.e. radar- transparent), a capacitive element, a part of a proximity sensor or decorative element.
  • radar waves i.e. radar- transparent
  • the semiconductor coatings for these applications have additionally a base coating, also called primer, to smoothen the base surface of the component and improve the adhesion of the semiconductor coating and/or a top layer of lacquer in order or to protect the semiconductor coating from the environment.
  • a base coating also called primer
  • These type of coatings are used in the automotive industry for external components such as bumpers, grilles, radome where sensor are placed and the radar transparency is required, or where the components are simply backlit for decorative purpose.
  • Such coatings are provided on internal components, such as touch panels, control boards which act as capacity sensor (proximity sensors) for controlling electronic circuits instead of using physical buttons.
  • These coatings can also be used as pure decorative elements due to their high transmission of light so that they can have a metallic look during the day and can be backlit during the night.
  • a transparent or semi-transparent plastic component can be coated by a semiconductor material and backlit by a source of light placed behind the component for decorative purpose.
  • a source of light placed behind the component for decorative purpose.
  • the color of the source of light is changed when it is transmitted through the coating.
  • the shift of spectrum can vary depending on the source of light used and the material of the coating but the effect is stronger when the coating consists of several layers such as for example comprising a semiconductor layer and a top lacquer layer.
  • Another problem when providing a transparent or semi-transparent plastic component with a semiconductor coating is that the coating might have a metallic look as seen from the outside, but depending on the different exposition to the ambient light, the elements which are behind the coated transparent or semi-transparent plastic component are visible. This is not what is expected by a metallic decorative coating.
  • the main objective of the present invention is to provide a component, in particular a glass or plastic component, having a colored surface and allowing that a light is let through the component but resulting in a light having a predetermined electromagnetic spectrum.
  • the component can be non-radar transparent or radar-transparent.
  • a further objective of the present invention is to provide a coating on a transparent or semi-transparent glass or plastic component that is selected in such a way that when it is backlit by a light source having a specific electromagnetic spectrum, the coating acts like an optical filter and transmits the light so that the visible light seen through the coating has a similar or the same electromagnetic spectrum as the source of light without the coating and the plastic component.
  • the provided coating are transparent to electromagnetic waves, in particular radar waves, can be a capacitive element, part of a proximity sensor or a decorative element.
  • One more further objective of the present invention is to provide a coating on a transparent or semi-transparent component, preferably a glass or plastic component that, when it is not backlit by a light source, the coating transmits and reflects the ambient light in such a way that it does not look completely transparent to the visible light.
  • radar-transparent or “transparent to electromagnetic waves” is used for referring to a material that exhibits a low damping of less than 3 dB.
  • non-radar-transparent or “not transparent to electromagnetic waves” is used for referring to a material that exhibits a damping of 3 dB or higher.
  • transparent material is used for referring to a material that has practically no absorption of light.
  • the main cause for reduction of transmission in a given environment is the refractive index change at the interfaces.
  • semi-transparent material is used for referring to a material that has partial absorption of light in all or some parts of the visible spectrum. It might have full absorption in some parts of the visible spectrum but not in all.
  • the term “metallic appearance” is used for referring to following cases: • a surface having a brightness varying with the incidence angle of the ambient light impinging on the surface, and/or
  • the coloring means can be applied for example as: a) one or more coloring elements, for example one or more coloring layers or one or more coloring components or a combination thereof, or b) one or more coloring layers, forming for example a coloring coating, or c) one or more coloring layers, forming for example a coloring coating comprised in a coating system.
  • a part of the coloring means (for example a coloring layer and/or a coloring component) can be comprised in the electromagnetic spectrum-adjusting means.
  • the electromagnetic spectrum-adjusting means according to the present invention are placed between the light source and the coloring means.
  • the electromagnetic spectrum-adjusting are placed between the light source and the part of the coloring means that is more distant from the light source.
  • the coloring means according to the present invention are designed for providing the necessary reduction of transmission for achievement of the hiding effect when the light source is switched off. It means the coloring means exhibit a wavelength selective reduction of transmission.
  • FIGS 1 to 4 illustrate preferred embodiments of the present invention.
  • LSi can correspond to the electromagnetic spectrum of white light, or to an electromagnetic spectrum different from the electromagnetic spectrum of white light.
  • the desired electromagnetic spectrum LS3 can be different from LS1, i.e. LS3 + LS1.
  • the desired electromagnetic spectrum LS3 can be predetermined to matches the relative intensities of LS1 at two or more selected wavelength of the visible light.
  • the coloring coating 22 has a transmission Tc in a range between 10% and 70%.
  • the color effect of the coloring coating 22 results in a metallic appearance in the sense that the brightness of the surface of the coloring coating 22 and/or the front surface (1 FS) of the coated part 1 varies with the incidence angle of the ambient light impinging on the coloring coating.
  • the color effect of the coloring coating 22 results in a metallic appearance of the surface of the coloring coating 22 and/or the front surface 1 FS of the coated part 1 in the sense that a mean value of specular reflection of the visible spectrum of at least 20% is observed.
  • the color effect of the coloring coating 22 results in a metallic appearance in the sense that a grey reflection of the surface of the coloring coating 22 and/or the front surface 1 FS of the coated part 1 with CIE L*ab in the range of 40 to 99 with only small coloring of the reflected white light as given in CIE L*ab -5 ⁇ a* ⁇ 5; and/or -10 ⁇ b* ⁇ 10 is observed.
  • the coloring coating 22 can be deposited as single layer or as multilayer.
  • the coloring coating 22 has preferably a total thickness in a range of 10 nm to 200 nm.
  • the coloring coating 22 preferably comprises at least one of the chemical elements selected from Cr, Zr, Al, In, Sn, Ti, Mo.
  • the coloring coating 22 can further comprise one or more chemical elements selected from nitrogen, carbon, oxygen, forming at least a nitride or at least a carbide, or at least an oxide, or combinations thereof.
  • the coloring coating 22 comprises at least one of the following compounds: Cr-Zr-N, Cr-Zr-C, Cr-Zr-C-N.
  • the coloring coating 22 comprises a semiconductor material.
  • the coloring coating can consist for example of one or more semiconductor layers.
  • the semi-conductor layers can be radar- transparent or non-radar-transparent.
  • the coloring layer 22 preferably comprises Ge and/or Si.
  • the coloring coating 22 is deposited by using physical vapor deposition techniques.
  • the substrate 10 can be set up as electromagnetic spectrum-adjusting means. In such a case the substrate 10 must be placed between the light source 2 and the coloring layer 22.
  • the substrate material is a kind of glass and/or plastic, or at least comprises a kind of glass and/or plastic.
  • the substrate material is polycarbonate or at least comprises polycarbonate.
  • At least one further component 50 can be used as electromagnetic spectrum-adjusting means, where the at least one further component 50 is placed between the light source 2 and the coloring layer 22.
  • At least one further at least one adjusting layer 60 can be used as electromagnetic spectrum-adjusting means, where the at least one adjusting layer 60 is placed between the light source 2 and the coloring layer 22.
  • the coating system (20) comprises a base layer 21 deposited between the substrate 10 and the coloring coating 22 and/or a top layer 23 deposited atop the coloring coating 22, where the base layer 21 and/or the top layer 23 are preferably applied as one or more lacquer films.
  • this top layer 23 can be used as electromagnetic spectrum-adjusting means according to the present invention, where the top layer 23 is placed between the light source 2 and the coloring layer 22.
  • one or more adjusting means can be used.
  • Some examples of means that can be used as electromagnetic adjusting means according to the present invention are: d) a lacquer, e) an ink, f) an ink jet, g) a plastic film, h) a plastic sheet, i) a lacquer system j) a foil, for example a foil applied by using a foil technology such as In Mold Decoration (IMD), k) a cubic, l) a printing, m) a further plastic component.
  • IMD In Mold Decoration
  • the electromagnetic spectrum-adjusting means comprise one or more organic and/or inorganic-pigment-types, and/or dyes in a concentration and ratio that allows adjusting the wavelength absorption and if given reflection for producing the adjusted electromagnetic spectrum LS2.
  • the electromagnetic spectrum adjusting means can be produced using a mixture of blue and red pigments.
  • the light source is a LED producing white light, hence LS1 corresponds to the spectrum of the white light.
  • a component does not comprising electromagnetic spectrum-adjusting means is backlit with the light source and the transmitted light exhibits a non-adjusted electromagnetic spectrum LS2na having an orange color impression.
  • the inventors used first blue pigments for creating an adjusting layer to be used as electromagnetic spectrum-adjusting means.
  • the resultant light spectrum was however not the white light spectrum but a light spectrum having a light blue color impression, i.e.
  • delta xy > 0.1
  • LS*2 is a still not completely adjusted spectrum.
  • the inventors created a component according to the present invention comprising electromagnetic spectrumadjusting means comprising a mixture of blue and red pigments in a suitable concentration for attaining the adjusted spectrum LS2 in the desired range according to the present invention.
  • the coating system 20 When the coating system 20 is deposited between the substrate 10 and the light source 2, preferably the front surface 1 FS of the coated part 1 is coated with a further coating system 70, comprising one or more layers for providing wear resistance and/or corrosion resistance, and/or a decorative effect.
  • the coating system 70 can comprise at least one layer that modifies color tint of the front surface 1 FS of the coated part 1 .
  • Figure 1a schematically shows an example of a component according to the present invention having a coated part 1 and a substrate 10, the coating system 20 (schematically shown in Figure 1 b) comprising a coloring layer 22 and further comprising a top layer 23 and a base layer 21 - in this example the base layer 21 is optional.
  • the top layer 23 is used as electromagnetic spectrum-adjusting means.
  • Figure 2 schematically shows an example of a component according to the present invention having a further component 50 or and adjusting layer 60 as electromagnetic spectrum-adjusting means.
  • Figure 3 schematically shows an example of a component according to the present invention having a further component 50 or and adjusting layer 60 as electromagnetic spectrum-adjusting means, and additionally comprising a further coating system 70, for providing additional properties to the surface of the substrate 10 that would be exposed to the ambient if the further coating system 70 were not included.
  • the further coating system 70 can be for example a wear resistance layer.
  • Figure 4 schematically shows an example of a component according to the present invention in which the substrate 10 is used as electromagnetic spectrum-adjusting means
  • coated components according to the present invention which comprise at least one semiconductor layer are explained in more detail below and some of them are described with the help of Figure 5 and Figure 6.
  • the component has a substrate that is a transparent or semitransparent glass or plastic component having a coating on a surface, the coated component comprising:
  • the component further comprises an adjustment layer as electromagnetic spectrum-adjusting means, wherein the adjustment layer is applied onto the surface of the transparent or semi-transparent component, wherein the adjustment layer comprises a polymer, a lacquer coating, a foil, a multi-layer system or complementary part with a given layer-arrangement and, wherein the coating is transparent to electromagnetic waves, i.e. it exhibits a low damping of less than 3 dB, the adjustment layer is selected in such a way that the light transmitted through the component and coating has a spectrum which is close to the spectrum of the source of light, wherein the transmitted spectrum matches the relative intensities of the source of light spectrum at two or more selected wavelength of the visible light.
  • the adjustment layer is selected in such a way that the light transmitted through the component and coating has a spectrum which is close to the spectrum of the source of light, wherein the transmitted spectrum matches the relative intensities of the source of light spectrum at two or more selected wavelength of the visible light.
  • a semiconductor coating 202 is provided on the back side of a transparent or semitransparent plastic component 101 , wherein the semiconductor material comprises, Si, Ge, GaAs, either as pure materials or doped with other elements such a metals or semiconductors, wherein an adjustment layer 303 is provided on top of the semiconductor either in direct contact or close proximity to the semiconductor coating.
  • the adjustment layer 303 comprises a polymer, lacquer coating, a foil, a multi-layer system or complementary part with a given layer-arrangement.
  • the back side of the component also called “B-surface” B in Figure 5 is defined where the source of light 404 is placed, so that the surface of the component is facing the source of light.
  • the other side also called “A-surface” A in Figure 5 is the front side which is visible from the outside, such as the outside of a vehicle, for example.
  • the transparent plastic component can be made of a colorless transparent polycarbonate, or other suitable polymer or can be a semi-transparent plastic component having any given color.
  • the adjustment layer 202 is selected in such a way that the transmission 505 of the spectrum of the source of light is kept similar to the original spectrum of the source of light. Therefore, the adjustment layer acts as a filter in order to adjust the transmission profiles of the spectrum of light from the source of light through the coating. Moreover the coating is semi-transparent when it is backlit but seems not transparent when it is not backlit by the light source by mostly reflecting the ambient visible light 606 and not transmitting the ambient visible light completely through the coating.
  • the source of light used for such applications comprises LED lights which have not a continuous spectrum compared to natural light. LED lights present one or more intensity peaks, or spectral bands at different wavelength of the spectrum. This is illustrated by Figure 6 which shows the vertical lines and wavelength which the LED is emitting the light, for example between 450 and 470 nm, 510 and 550 nm, and between 630 and 650 nm.
  • the transmission of the semiconductor layer is shown by the curve having an increasing transmission as a function of the increasing wavelength. This would result in a shift of color in the red values and give a dimmed and orange color of the transmitted spectrum, which is aesthetically not appealing for the considered application.
  • the adjustment layer is selected in such a way that it has a higher transmission for the lower wavelengths in order to compensate for the effect of the semiconductor transmission.
  • the adjustment layer is a lacquer layer, preferably a UV-hardened lacquer, comprising a mixture of at least two pigments, selected as example in the color spectrum blue-green and red, respectively.
  • the resulting transmission of the plastic component, semiconductor layer and adjustment layer is shown as a "flatter" curve, at least in the region of the visible spectrum.
  • the spectrum of the transmitted light is therefore very close to the spectrum of the LED, or at least as average perception in the visible spectrum.
  • the LED spectrum is the result of the superimposition of three different distinct wavelength bands and the resulting transmission has a continuous spectrum due to diffraction and transmission effects.
  • the perception of the eye is sensitive to the average resulting spectrum of the LED and sees a white light even if it is a combination of three different wavelength. Therefore it can be said that the resulting spectrum of the light transmitted by the coating according to the present embodiment invention is a spectrum close to the one of the source of the light, at least in how it is perceived by the human eye.
  • the resulting transmission curve must at least relatively cover the same intensities at selected emission spectrum of the source of light, here the emission bands of the LED.
  • the selection of the transmission of the adjustment layer is not limited to keep the spectrum of the white color of the source of light when transmitted through the plastic component, the semiconductor coating and the adjustment layer, but can be extended to all the colors provided by the source of light, i.e blue, red or green.
  • the adjustment layer according to the present embodiment of the invention ensures that the original spectrum, or at least the original perception of the source of light is conserved when being transmitted through the coating.
  • the adjustment layer can be the transparent or semi-transparent plastic component itself, wherein the semiconductor is applied on the front side (A-surface shown in Figure 5) and the light source placed so that the backside is facing the light source.
  • adjustment layers such as lacquer can be added on top of the semiconductor layer.
  • the adjustment layer can be applied on the front side (A-surface shown in Figure 5) of the transparent or semitransparent component, wherein the semiconductor is applied on top of the adjustment layer.
  • An optional source of light could be placed in this configuration at the back side (B- surface shown in Figure 5) of the component. That way, the metallic shine is directly visible from the outside but can be backlit from behind and thank to the adjustment layer, the transmission is not affecting the spectrum of the source of light.
  • the adjustment layer can be a lacquer, preferably an UV-hardened lacquer, wherein several pigments comprising at least one, preferably two distinct colors are mixed into the lacquer and mixed using different emulsions in order to provide the correct spectral adjustment for the transmission of the spectrum through the coating, so that the transmitted spectrum through the coating and the component are close or similar to the spectrum of the source of light.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Optical Filters (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un composant comprenant une source lumineuse émettant un premier spectre visible d'ondes électromagnétiques avec un premier ensemble de paramètres CIE LS1=(xi;yi), ledit composant comportant également au moins une partie revêtue, avec un substrat constitué d'un matériau transparent ou semi-transparent, ladite partie revêtue présentant une surface avant et une surface arrière, la surface arrière étant plus proche de la source lumineuse que la surface avant, et le système de revêtement comprenant de moyens de coloration, qui sont réglés pour transmettre de la lumière et de fournir un effet coloré, de sorte que lorsque la source lumineuse est éteinte et la surface avant est exposée à la lumière ambiante, l'effet coloré est perçu par un oeil humain et tout élément se trouvant devant la face arrière de la partie revêtue est invisible à l'oeil humain regardant la partie revêtue depuis une position devant la face avant de la partie revêtue, la partie revêtue comprenant des moyens de réglage de spectre électromagnétique, de sorte que lorsque la source lumineuse est allumée un spectre électromagnétique qui est un second spectre visible d'ondes électromagnétiques avec un second ensemble de paramètres CIE LS2=(x2;y2) de lumière est transmis à travers la partie revêtue qui est différent d'un ensemble non réglé de paramètres CIE LS2na=(x2na;y2na) du spectre visible d'ondes électromagnétiques qui serait transmis à travers la partie revêtue, si aucun moyen de réglage de spectre électromagnétique n'était inclus dans la partie revêtue, les moyens de réglage de spectre électromagnétique étant établis pour obtenir |LSs - LS2I < |LSs - LS2na|, où LS3 représente un troisième ensemble de paramètres CIE souhaité LS3=(x3;y3, permettant ainsi le rapprochement de par lesdits moyens de réglage de paramètres de spectre de l'ensemble de paramètres CIE LS2 de la lumière transmise à l'ensemble de paramètres LS3 souhaité.
PCT/EP2021/085515 2020-12-11 2021-12-13 Composant revêtu semi-transparent à optimisation optique et éventuellement électromagnétique WO2023110058A1 (fr)

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Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20140146538A1 (en) * 2011-06-06 2014-05-29 Schott Ag Display device
US20140146530A1 (en) * 2011-06-15 2014-05-29 Eurokera S.N.C. Glass-ceramic article having a colored luminous display
US9476116B2 (en) 2012-05-30 2016-10-25 Oerlikon Surface Solutions Ag, Pfaffikon Process for treating a plastic component part
US20170015802A1 (en) * 2014-03-07 2017-01-19 University Of South Australia Decorative coatings for plastic substrates
US10205035B2 (en) 2011-04-01 2019-02-12 Oerlikon Surface Solutions Ag, Pfäffikon Proximity sensor

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US10205035B2 (en) 2011-04-01 2019-02-12 Oerlikon Surface Solutions Ag, Pfäffikon Proximity sensor
US20140146538A1 (en) * 2011-06-06 2014-05-29 Schott Ag Display device
US20140146530A1 (en) * 2011-06-15 2014-05-29 Eurokera S.N.C. Glass-ceramic article having a colored luminous display
US9476116B2 (en) 2012-05-30 2016-10-25 Oerlikon Surface Solutions Ag, Pfaffikon Process for treating a plastic component part
US20170015802A1 (en) * 2014-03-07 2017-01-19 University Of South Australia Decorative coatings for plastic substrates

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