WO2023105402A1 - Véhicule à passagers résistant au feu doté d'un moteur à combustion permettant de s'échapper de situations menaçant la vie - Google Patents

Véhicule à passagers résistant au feu doté d'un moteur à combustion permettant de s'échapper de situations menaçant la vie Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023105402A1
WO2023105402A1 PCT/IB2022/061815 IB2022061815W WO2023105402A1 WO 2023105402 A1 WO2023105402 A1 WO 2023105402A1 IB 2022061815 W IB2022061815 W IB 2022061815W WO 2023105402 A1 WO2023105402 A1 WO 2023105402A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
vehicle
bodywork
fire
ballistic
passenger vehicle
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/IB2022/061815
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Pavel DYTRT
Original Assignee
J.P.D. GROUP, s.r.o.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by J.P.D. GROUP, s.r.o. filed Critical J.P.D. GROUP, s.r.o.
Publication of WO2023105402A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023105402A1/fr

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C3/00—Fire prevention, containment or extinguishing specially adapted for particular objects or places
    • A62C3/07—Fire prevention, containment or extinguishing specially adapted for particular objects or places in vehicles, e.g. in road vehicles
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C31/00—Delivery of fire-extinguishing material
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C35/00—Permanently-installed equipment
    • A62C35/02—Permanently-installed equipment with containers for delivering the extinguishing substance
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K15/00—Arrangement in connection with fuel supply of combustion engines or other fuel consuming energy converters, e.g. fuel cells; Mounting or construction of fuel tanks
    • B60K15/03—Fuel tanks
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41H—ARMOUR; ARMOURED TURRETS; ARMOURED OR ARMED VEHICLES; MEANS OF ATTACK OR DEFENCE, e.g. CAMOUFLAGE, IN GENERAL
    • F41H5/00—Armour; Armour plates
    • F41H5/013—Mounting or securing armour plates
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41H—ARMOUR; ARMOURED TURRETS; ARMOURED OR ARMED VEHICLES; MEANS OF ATTACK OR DEFENCE, e.g. CAMOUFLAGE, IN GENERAL
    • F41H5/00—Armour; Armour plates
    • F41H5/26—Peepholes; Windows; Loopholes
    • F41H5/263—Mounting of transparent armoured panels, e.g. bulletproof windows on vehicles
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41H—ARMOUR; ARMOURED TURRETS; ARMOURED OR ARMED VEHICLES; MEANS OF ATTACK OR DEFENCE, e.g. CAMOUFLAGE, IN GENERAL
    • F41H7/00—Armoured or armed vehicles

Definitions

  • Ballistic glass is most frequently tailored to customers' requirements. Ballistic glass is divided into several categories according to bullet resistance to various bullets, namely BRI to BR7, where BR7 is the most resistant. Ballistic glass panes are usually made by layering glass or laminate plates, wherein the number and the thickness of layers determines their ballistic resistance. The last layer towards the users is always made of a shatter-proof material to prevent user injuries.
  • Some passenger vehicles may be provided with reinforced tyres, resistant to puncturing, e.g. by spike strips.
  • Tyres can be reinforced by a metal ring, filled with wires and strings and/or filled with elastomer.
  • Such tyre modification is disclosed by European Patent EP 2057233 Bl, which presents polyurethane filling with high water contents.
  • the polyurethane mixture is pumped into the tyres in two mutually reacting liquid components. After mixing of both components, their reaction occurs inside the tyre and a polymerous structure reinforcing the tyre is formed without significantly loading it.
  • JP 2016-38162 A Another document related to the state of the art is the document JP 2016-38162 A, which describes a vehicle for VIPs in a bullet-proof version with boron carbide for protection against bullets, fire and radiation rays.
  • the document US 4988011 A discloses a fuel tank shell, typically of aluminium composition having a layer of a rigid and solid material, e.g. aluminium oxide or fiber/resin composite, applied to the shell inner surface as its inner shell.
  • a filling insert from thermally inductive netting is located and is glued to the inner shell layer.
  • the document GB 2294201 A also represents the state of the art and discloses a fireextinguishing system designed for extinguishing vehicle interiors, wherein it is determined for protection of passengers against fire caused by spontaneous ignition after a vehicle impact.
  • the document also describes in detail the mechanical sensor of the impact which is calibrated and which spontaneously starts extinguishing after the impact, or it enables the extinguishing agent to flow from nozzles located in the vehicle interior, especially close to passenger seats, the fuel tank or electric circuits.
  • the vehicle with a fire-extinguishing system according to this document deals with consequences of intrusion/origination of fire in the interior of the vehicle but cannot be used for escape from life-threatening situations.
  • the self-extingui shing system enables the passengers to escape from the area after being hit by Molotov cocktails or from areas affected by fire.
  • the self-extingui shing system contains a tank with an extinguishing agent connected via a control link to a distribution tubing system led in the vehicle and ended by liquid nozzles opening at the outer bodywork side which spray the bodywork and the tyre after activation resulting in fire extinguishing.
  • the self-extingui shing system is able to extinguish and protect essential parts of the vehicle, e.g. its engine or tyres.
  • essential parts of the vehicle e.g. its engine or tyres.
  • at least one liquid nozzle spraying the tyre protecting the given tyre from ignition opens.
  • Other liquid nozzles are brought to the vehicle roof and to its bonnet. These liquid nozzles count on air flowing around the vehicle during driving when the flowing air carries the sprayed extinguishing agent towards the rear part of the vehicle.
  • At least one liquid nozzle opens in the front third of the vehicle bonnet, preferably having a spray radius of at least 0.4 m and protecting the engine, and at least one liquid nozzle opens in the front third of the vehicle roof having preferably a spray radius of at least 0.5 m and protecting the roof and the area of the rear vehicle part. Thanks to these six liquid nozzles, the vehicle is protected against ignition by Molotov cocktails. In extreme cases, e.g. forest fires, the vehicle ignition is delayed by units to tens of minutes, which enables the passengers to drive through the area of fire and escape from a life-threatening situation.
  • Liquid nozzles are always made of metal, preferably from stainless steel or aluminium in order to resists high temperatures after the vehicle is being hit by a Molotov cocktail or during the drive through a fire.
  • Liquid nozzles are preferably embedded in the vehicle bodywork which enables not only masking of an adapted passenger vehicle but also a lower failure rate of nozzles which after embedding in the bodywork do not come in contact with objects outside the bodywork, e.g. tree branches around roads or washing brushes in car washes.
  • the liquid nozzles are directional or relieving.
  • the liquid nozzles are closed in their common position and open only with the pressure exerted by the extinguishing agent solution which flows through them in case of fire extinguishing.
  • valve nozzles preferably with plate, ball or cone valves.
  • Liquid nozzles are connected with the tank for the extinguishing agent solution using a system of distribution hoses.
  • These distribution hoses are preferably metal, preferably aluminium or steel in order to resist high temperatures after the vehicle is being hit by a Molotov cocktail or during the drive through a fire.
  • plastic tubes can be used.
  • Distribution hoses are connected to each other by couplings, elbows and connecting links, and thus form a tubing system adjusted to the given vehicle. Couplings may be direct, bent or branched.
  • a distribution hosing system is connected with the extinguishing agent solution tank via a control link, either a pump or a valve.
  • the control link is provided with a discharge aperture opening into the distribution hosing system and a suction aperture opening into the inner space of the extinguishing agent solution tank, preferably connected with a suction aperture opening at the bottom of the extinguishing agent solution tank.
  • a control link a pump is used; if the extinguishing agent solution tank is a non-pressure one, e.g. a can or a bottle.
  • a valve is used, if the extinguishing agent solution tank is a pressure vessel.
  • the pressure vessel is pressurized to 1.5 to 10 MPa after being filled with the extinguishing agent solution.
  • the pressure vessel is preferably made of metal, the nonpressure vessel is preferably made of metal or plastic.
  • the pump is situated either in the extinguishing agent solution tank, preferably at its bottom, or the pump is situated outside the extinguishing agent solution tank when the suction aperture of the pump is connected to the suction hose opening to the bottom of the extinguishing agent solution tank.
  • the pump is connected to the supply source, preferably in a form of a battery or an accumulator.
  • the control link is activated either by triggering the pressure valve or starting the pump.
  • the extinguishing agent solution is transported via a control link to the distribution hosing system which leads it through the liquid nozzles opening outside the vehicle bodywork. From these nozzles, the extinguishing agent solution is sprayed to the outer vehicle bodywork, which is thus being extinguished.
  • the extinguishing agent solution is carried by the flowing air after it is released from the liquid nozzle, which increases the coverage of the sprayed extinguishing agent solution.
  • the vehicle also comprises ballistic glass panes or ballistic laminate panes, whose definitions are known in the art.
  • the vehicle is equipped with at least three ballistic glass panes, out of which two ballistic glass panes are fitted into the front door of the bodywork, into apertures designed for windows, and the third ballistic glass pane is fitted into the aperture in the bodywork designated for the windscreen.
  • the ballistic glass thickness varies depending on the required level of resistance from BRI to BR7, when BRI is the lowest resistance and the ballistic glass thickness is in the range from 8 to 30 mm depending on the used composition of the ballistic composite, and BR7 is the highest resistance, when the ballistic glass thickness is in the range from 60 to 80 mm depending on the used composition of the ballistic composite.
  • the ballistic composite uses panes of variously hardened glass and transparent plastic plates, most frequently polycarbonate ones. A condition that must always be met is the positioning of at least one transparent plastic plate in the composite as the first layer towards the interior which prevents shards from spilling into the interior after the ballistic composite is broken.
  • the transparency of the given ballistic composite which must be at least 80% in the area of the front door windows of the vehicle and in the area of the windscreen to ensure a good view of the vehicle driver.
  • the front vehicle part i.e. the window apertures in front doors and the windscreen aperture
  • ballistic glass panes which have better transparency than ballistic laminate panes.
  • the rear vehicle part in the areas for window apertures can be fitted with both ballistic glass panes and ballistic laminate panes.
  • Ballistic glass panes and ballistic laminate panes are usually inserted to metal frames using flexible putty so that the ballistic composite could damp the impact after a possible hit. Metal frames are then fitted into the bodywork apertures designed for windows.
  • the windows can usually be rolled down up to the ballistic resistance of BR2; and in case of higher ballistic resistances, the ballistic glass panes or laminate panes are firmly mounted to the bodywork due to their thickness.
  • Metal frames are fixed in the bodywork, preferably by spot welds, glueing, screws, rivets, sealing rubber frames or combination thereof.
  • the vehicle comprises at least two ballistic plates situated in the bodywork of the vehicle front door.
  • Ballistic plates are used for reinforcing the bodywork, protecting the vehicle engine and protecting the passengers, and their definition is know in the art.
  • the ballistic plate thickness varies according to the required ballistic resistance from BRI to BR7. With respect to the higher variability of ballistic plates, the plate thickness in respective resistance classes cannot be exactly defined.
  • metal ballistic plates can be used, most frequently from steel or metal alloys; another option is represented by plates made of glass, aramid or carbon fibers, ultra-oriented polyethylene, bulletproof macroIons, ballistic ceramics, thermoset resin, laminate boards or combination thereof.
  • Ballistic plates are fixed in the bodywork by glueing and/or mechanical anchoring, preferably using screws, rivets or spot welds.
  • the vehicle comprises tyres reinforced with a two-compound pressurized polyurethane mixture. Due to this tyre reinforcement, the vehicle can cross obstacles, e.g. having the form of a barbed wire, spike strips or other sharp objects.
  • the tyre reinforced with a polyurethane mixture is heavier than the tyre filled with air, and thus, vibrations and heating of adjacent vehicle structure parts, e.g. brake pads and half-shafts, occur due to the centrifugal forces.
  • the vehicle After approximately 4 hours of drive at an average speed of 80 km/h, the vehicle must be stopped and the vehicle structure must be allowed to cool down. However, 4 hours are sufficient to escape from life-threatening situations. Every vehicle tyre is treated with its own liquid nozzle when the self-extingui shing system is activated, which substantially decreases the risk of tyre ignition.
  • the vehicle is equipped with a fuel tank filled with an aluminium net and/or lined with an aluminium foil and/or the fuel tank is made of aluminium.
  • This equipment ensures that if the fuel tank ignites, it does not explode. Aluminium reacts with atmospheric oxygen, which escapes from the tank. Since the atmospheric oxygen is needed for the vapour explosion in the fuel tank, the explosion cannot occur.
  • a fire-resistant passenger vehicle with a combustion engine for escape from lifethreatening situations with reinforced tyres, equipped with ballistic plates comprises a self-extingui shing system containing an extinguishing agent solution tank located in the vehicle connected to a distribution hosing system, wherein the tank space is connected to the distribution hosing system by a control link, which is a pump or a valve provided with a discharge aperture connected to the distribution hosing system, wherein the distribution hosing system opens into at least six metal liquid nozzles (8) opening at the outer bodywork part.
  • At least one liquid nozzle of the bonnet is situated in the front third of the vehicle bonnet, and at least one liquid nozzle of the roof is situated in the front vehicle roof quarter, and at least one liquid nozzle of the wheel arch is located in every vehicle wheel arch.
  • the vehicle is provided with four tyres filled with a pressurized polyurethane mixture, comprises at least two ballistic plates situated in the bodywork of the vehicle front door, at least three ballistic glass panes, wherein two ballistic glass panes are fitted into the front door of the bodywork, into apertures designed for windows, and the third ballistic glass pane (4) is fitted into the aperture in the bodywork designated for the windscreen.
  • the vehicle comprises a fuel tank filled with an aluminium net and/or coated with an aluminium foil on its inner surface and/or a fuel tank made of aluminium.
  • Fig. 1 Fire-resistant passenger vehicle according to this invention
  • Fig. 2A Fire-resistant passenger vehicle equipped with a self-extingui shing system with indication of the system coverage
  • Fig. 2B Fire-resistant passenger vehicle equipped with a self-extingui shing system with indication of the system coverage
  • the passenger vehicle was equipped with four tyres 1 reinforced with a polyurethane mixture, its bodywork was reinforced with ballistic plates 2 and fitted with ballistic glass panes 4 in the area of the windscreen and front right and front left windows. The rear left and right windows were fitted with ballistic laminate panes 5.
  • the passenger vehicle was also fitted with a self-extingui shing system 3 and the fuel tank 6 of the vehicle was coated with an aluminium foil 10 and filled with an aluminium net 10.
  • the tyres 1 reinforced with the polyurethane mixture were produced by feeding the BioFill HYDRO® two-compound pressurized polyurethane mixture to tyres 1.
  • the tyres 1 were pressurized during mixture feeding according to the vehicle registration document, to 180 kPa in this particular case.
  • the two-compound polyurethane mixture having the weight of 0.97 kg/1 started to react inside the tyre 1 within 24 hours, which resulted in polymerization into a polyurethane elastomer. After 24 hours, a passenger vehicle was equipped with such filled tyres 1.
  • the vehicle may be used to evacuate the passengers from dangerous situations.
  • ballistic plates 2 in the form of shaped plates made of glass fibre fabric impregnated with thermoset polyester resin, compressed to flat solid plates of Architectural Armour armour glass fibre.
  • ballistic plates 2 having the thickness of 7 mm, the weight of 15 kg/m 2 were selected in accordance with the EN 1063 standard, which resist to firing from a 9-mm Luger pistol with a full-metal -jacketed ogival bullet with a soft lead core having the weight of 8 g from a 5-m distance.
  • Ballistic plates 2 were inserted into the bodywork around the engine area to protect the engine, into front and rear doors to protect passengers, into the fuel tank 6 area to protect it against shot penetration and against its possible ignition, into the area around the tank 9 for the extinguishing agent of the self-extinguishing system 3 for its protection, and into the fifth door to protect the passengers and the boot.
  • the ballistic plates 2 were glued into the bodywork using a polyurethane glue, and secured with rivets located vertically above each other with spacing of 450 mm and horizontally also with spacing of 450 mm. Moreover, the ballistic plates 2 were secured by rivets around their perimeter. Due to the ballistic plates 2 having the BR2 resistance in the bodywork, the vehicle protects passengers and the vehicle itself against firing up to a 9-mm calibre.
  • this ballistic glass pane 4 with BR2 resistance complies with the EN 1063 standard, and resists to firing from a 9- mm Luger pistol with a full-metal -jacketed ogival bullet with a soft lead core having the weight of 8 g from a 5-m distance.
  • the composition of this ballistic glass pane 4 from the outer vehicle side is: glass with thickness of 5 mm, glass with thickness of 9 mm, polycarbonate transparent plate with thickness of 2 mm. Individual layers were first glued together with a polyurethane transparent glue. Then, the ballistic glass panes 4 were put into an autoclave with the temperature of 130°C for 4 hours. This ensured a perfect bond of ballistic glass pane 4 layers.
  • the ballistic glass pane 4 was tailor-curved to its final location.
  • the shaped ballistic glass panes 4 were cut to the required shape by a water jet and put into the metal frame, secured using flexible putty and mechanically fixed in the bodywork.
  • the windscreen frame was spot-welded to the bodywork and sealed with a seal.
  • the front left and right windows were secured into the roll-down mechanism of the bodywork, which ensured their ability to roll down.
  • the vehicle equipped with ballistic glass panes 4 with BR2 resistance in the front part of the vehicle protects the driver and the co-driver against firing from guns up to the 9-mm calibre.
  • ballistic laminate panes 5 having the total thickness of 15 mm and the weight of 31 kg/m 2 with the light transmission higher of 80%.
  • Such ballistic laminate pane 5 with BR2 resistance complies with the EN 1063 standard, which resists to firing from a 9-mm Luger pistol with a full-metal -jacketed ogival bullet with a soft lead core having the weight of 8 g from a 5-m distance.
  • the composition of this ballistic laminate pane 5 from the outer vehicle side is: three polycarbonate layers with the thickness of 5 mm.
  • the ballistic laminate panes 5 were put into an autoclave with the temperature of 110°C for 2 hours. This ensured a perfect bond of ballistic laminate pane 5 layers. After removal from the autoclave, the ballistic laminate pane
  • the shaped ballistic laminate panes 5 were cut to the required shape using a jig saw, and inserted to the metal frame, secured using flexible putty and mechanically fixed in the bodywork by spot welding, and sealed with a seal. Also the rear left and right windows were welded to the bodywork, i.e. were not retractable. The vehicle disposed of boot windows, between the rear side windows and the fifth door. Also these windows were filled with ballistic laminate panes 5. The vehicle equipped with ballistic laminate panes 5 with BR2 resistance in the rear part of the vehicle protects the passengers against firing from guns up to the 9-mm calibre.
  • the passenger vehicle was also equipped with a self-extingui shing system 3, which comprised a tank 9 for extinguishing agent, a pump powered to 12 V, a distribution system of aluminium hoses and steel liquid nozzles 8.
  • the extinguishing agent tank 9 was located in the cargo area of the vehicle in the bodywork.
  • the tank 9 was made of plastic with the volume of 5 1.
  • a drive pump for windscreen washers was inserted through the inlet aperture, whose power supply cable was led through the bodywork to the dashboard and was provided with a switch.
  • Bonnet liquid nozzles 8, 1 and vehicle roof liquid nozzles 8,2 were located in compliance with the vehicle aerodynamics, and had the average spray coverage of 1.5 m.
  • One liquid nozzle 8,2 was located on the vehicle roof at the distance of 1/3 of the roof length from the windscreen. This nozzle 8,2 is to extinguish the vehicle roof in its static condition and also during its motion, when the flowing air carrying the fire extinguisher is considered.
  • the liquid nozzle 8, 1 in the bonnet area is located as well in the distance of 1/3 of the bonnet length from the vehicle front mask. This nozzle 8,2 is to extinguish the vehicle bonnet in its static condition and also during its motion, when the flowing air carrying the fire extinguisher is considered.
  • Every distribution hose of the selfextinguishing system 3 was fixed in the bodywork using plastic ties and metal clips, and was ended by a liquid relief nozzle 8 in the vehicle exterior.
  • the pump motor is connected to a power source, here by connecting to a 12-V vehicle plug.
  • the self-extingui shing system 3 is controlled by a switch located on the dashboard. The self-extingui shing system 3 can protect the vehicle from the outside, and thus indirectly protect the passengers inside against fire, e.g. when driving through forest fires or against ignition by Molotov cocktails.
  • the fuel tank 6 of this vehicle was adjusted to prevent explosion.
  • the inner surface of the fuel tank 6 was coated by an aluminium foil 10 having the thickness of 0.4 mm during manufacturing.
  • the fuel tank was filled with logs made of the aluminium net 10 to prevent fuel ignition.
  • the aluminium net 10 was made by perforating an aluminium foil having the thickness of 0.4 mm. From a such produced aluminium net 10, rectangles having the dimensions of 10 x 5 cm were cut and were stretched into a net form, rolled and then pressed in a wrist into a log shape having the length of 10 cm and the wall of approx.
  • the passenger vehicle was equipped with four tyres 1 reinforced with a polyurethane mixture, its bodywork was reinforced with ballistic plates 2 and fitted with ballistic glass panes 4.
  • the passenger vehicle was also fitted with a self-extingui shing pressure system 3 controlled by temperature sensors, and the fuel tank 6 of the vehicle was filled with an aluminium net 10.
  • the tyres 1 reinforced with the polyurethane mixture were produced by feeding the BioFill HYDRO® two-compound pressurized polyurethane mixture to tyres 1.
  • the tyres 1 were pressurized during mixture feeding according to the vehicle registration document, to 220 kPa in this particular case.
  • the two-compound polyurethane mixture having the weight of 0.97 kg/1 started to react inside the tyre 1 within 24 hours, which resulted in polymerization into a polyurethane elastomer. After 24 hours, a passenger vehicle was equipped with such filled tyres 1.
  • the vehicle may be used to evacuate the passengers from dangerous situations.
  • the bodywork of this vehicle was reinforced with ballistic plates 2 having the form of shaped plates from phenol laminate reinforced with HiPer-texTM fibre fabric.
  • ballistic plates 2 having the thickness of 8.73 mm, the weight of 18.25 kg/m 2 were selected in accordance with the EN 1522 standard Level FB4 which resist firing from revolvers of 0.44 Rem. Magnum and 357 Mag. calibre with a full-metal -jacketed bullet with a flat middle part and a soft lead core having the weight of 15.6 g from a 5-m distance.
  • the ballistic plates 2 were inserted into the bodywork to front, rear and the fifth doors to protect the passengers.
  • the ballistic plates 2 were glued into the bodywork using a two- compound glue, and secured with screws located vertically above each other with spacing of 200 mm and horizontally also with spacing of 200 mm. Moreover, the ballistic plates 2 were secured by rivets around their perimeter. Due to the ballistic plates 2 having the BR4 resistance in the bodywork, the vehicle protects passengers against firing up to a 0.44-mm calibre.
  • the ballistic glass panes 4 were put into an autoclave with the temperature of 130°C for 5 hours. This ensured a perfect bond of ballistic glass pane 4 layers. After removal from the autoclave, the ballistic glass pane 4 was tailor-curved to its final location.
  • the shaped ballistic glass panes 4 were cut to the required shape by a waterjet and put into the metal frame, secured using flexible putty and mechanically fixed in the bodywork by spot welding, secured with screws and sealed with a seal. In the bodywork, all ballistic glass panes 4 were mounted as fixed without rolling down.
  • the vehicle equipped with ballistic glass panes 4 with BR4 resistance protects the passengers against firing from guns up to the 0.44-mm calibre.
  • the passenger vehicle was also equipped with a self-extingui shing system 3, which comprised a pressure tank 9 for the extinguishing agent, a distribution system of polyethylene and aluminium hoses, steel liquid nozzles 8 and temperature sensors.
  • the extinguishing agent tank 9 was located in the rear cargo area of the vehicle in the boot.
  • the tank 9 was made of metal, had the volume of 5 1, was filled with the extinguishing agent through the valve, and was pressurized to 2.5 MPa.
  • the tank 9 was secured and a distribution polyethylene hose with the diameter of 0.6 mm was connected to its outlet aperture.
  • the hose branched using elbows, T-splitters and quick-release couplers until the distribution hosing system was distributed all over the vehicle.
  • hoses were used instead of the polyethylene ones.
  • the distribution hoses were led to every wheel arch area, to the bonnet area - to the vehicle mask and bonnet edge, to the vehicle roof area and to the area of every wheel arch, and were ended with nozzles.
  • the hose leading to the bonnet was connected to a bracket fitted with six steel directing nozzles 8, 1 with the average coverage of 1 m, out of which three nozzles 8, 1 pointed to the vehicle mask and were used to extinguish the cooler, and three nozzles 8, 1 pointed to the vehicle bonnet and were used to extinguish the vehicle bonnet.
  • Another directing nozzle 8, 1 was located on the vehicle bonnet at the border of the bonnet and the windscreen. This nozzle 8, 1 was used to extinguish the vehicle windscreen both in the static condition and also during the vehicle motion, when the flowing air carrying the fire extinguisher is considered.
  • Two other relief nozzles 8,2 were located on the vehicle roof with the coverage of 1.5 m.
  • One liquid nozzle 8,2 was located on the vehicle roof at the edge of the roof and the windscreen. This nozzle 8,2 is to extinguish the vehicle roof and the windscreen in the static condition and also during the vehicle motion, when the flowing air carrying the fire extinguisher is considered.
  • the other nozzle 8,2 was located in the distance of ’A of the roof length.
  • Every hose led to the wheel arches was ended with a metal liquid nozzle 8,3 of the wheel arch. Every hose was fixed in the bodywork using plastic ties and metal clips, and was ended by a relief liquid nozzle 8 or a bracket fitted with a liquid nozzle 8 in the vehicle exterior.
  • a temperature sensor was installed to every liquid nozzle 8 or the bracket. All temperature sensors were connected to the central unit connected also to the pressure vessel of the extinguishing agent tank 9. When the temperature sensor detects a temperature higher than the preset limit temperature of 110°C, the central unit will activate the pressure vessel 9 for the extinguishing agent and the self-extingui shing system 3 will automatically extinguish the fire in the close proximity to the vehicle, which indirectly protects also the passengers inside against the fire, e.g. when driving through forest fires or against ignition by Molotov cocktails.
  • the fuel tank 6 of this vehicle was adjusted to prevent explosion.
  • the fuel tank 6 was filled with balls made of an aluminium net 10 to prevent fuel ignition.
  • the aluminium net 10 was made by perforating an aluminium foil 10 having the thickness of 0.2 mm. From a such produced aluminium net 10, squares having the dimensions of 7 x 7 cm were cut and were stretched into a net form, pressed in a wrist into a ball shape. These balls were filled into the entire fuel tank 6, which decreased its volume by 1.1%.
  • Such an adjusted tank 6 is resistant to explosion, since aluminium reacts with present oxygen in the tank 6, and thus practically prevents the formation of an explosive mixture consisting of air and fuel vapours.
  • the tyres 1 reinforced with a polyurethane mixture were produced by feeding the BioFill HYDRO® two-compound pressurized polyurethane mixture to low-profile tyres 1.
  • the tyres 1 were pressurized during mixture feeding according to the vehicle registration document, to 300 kPa in this particular case.
  • the two-compound polyurethane mixture having the weight of 0.97 kg/1 started to react inside the tyre 1 within 24 hours, which resulted in polymerization into a polyurethane elastomer. After 24 hours, a passenger vehicle was equipped with such filled tyres 1.
  • the low-profile tyre 1 filled with a polyurethane mixture is lighter compared to the classic tyre 1 filled with a polyurethane mixture, since the volume of a low-profile tyre 1 is lower. Due to it, the brake pads are not overheated and the vehicle equipped with low-profile tyres 1 filled with a polyurethane mixture has a longer travel distance.
  • ballistic plates 2 in the form of shaped plates made of glass fibre fabric impregnated with thermoset polyester resin, compressed to flat solid plates of Architectural Armour armour glass fibre.
  • ballistic plates having the thickness of 35 mm, the weight of 76 kg/m 2 were selected in accordance with the EN 1063 standard, which resist to firing from a 7.62x51 rifle with a fullmetal -jacketed pointed bullet with a soft lead core having the weight of 9.5 g from a 10-m distance.
  • Ballistic plates 2 were inserted into the bodywork around the engine area to protect it, into front and rear doors to protect passengers, into the fuel tank 6 area to protect it against shot penetration and against its possible ignition, into the area around the tank 9 for the extinguishing agent of the self-extingui shing system for its protection, and into the fifth door to protect the passengers and the boot.
  • the ballistic plates 2 were glued into the bodywork using a polyurethane glue, and secured with rivets located vertically above each other with spacing of 300 mm and horizontally also with spacing of 300 mm. Moreover, the ballistic plates 2 were secured by screws around their perimeter. Due to the ballistic plates 2 having the BR6 resistance in the bodywork, the vehicle protects passengers and the vehicle itself against firing up to a 7.62x51 calibre.
  • this ballistic glass pane 4 with BR6 resistance complies with the EN 1063 standard, and resists to firing from a 7.62x51 rifle with a full-metal -jacketed pointed bullet with a soft lead core having the weight of 9.5 g from a 10-m distance.
  • the composition of this ballistic glass pane 4 from the outer vehicle side is: glass with thickness of 5 mm, five layers of glass with thickness of 7 mm, polycarbonate transparent plate with thickness of 3 mm to prevent shards from spilling into the interior. Individual layers were first glued together with a polyurethane transparent glue. Then, the ballistic glass panes 4 were put into an autoclave with the temperature of 130°C for 5 hours. This ensured a perfect bond of ballistic glass pane 4 layers.
  • the ballistic glass pane 4 was tailor-curved to its final location.
  • the shaped ballistic glass panes 4 were cut to the required shape by a water jet and put into the metal frame, secured using flexible putty and mechanically fixed in the bodywork.
  • Ballistic glass pane 4 frame was spot- welded to the bodywork, secured with screws and sealed with a seal.
  • all ballistic glasses 2 were mounted as fixed without rolling down.
  • the vehicle equipped with ballistic glass panes 2 with BR6 resistance in the front part of the vehicle protects the driver and the co-driver against firing up to a 7.62x51 calibre.
  • the ballistic laminate pane 5 After removal from the autoclave, the ballistic laminate pane 5 was tailor-curved to its final location.
  • the shaped ballistic laminate panes 5 were cut to the required shape using a jig saw, and inserted to the metal frame, secured using flexible putty and mechanically fixed in the bodywork by spot welding, secured by rivets and sealed with a seal.
  • the rear left and right windows were welded to the bodywork, i.e. were not retractable.
  • the vehicle disposed of boot windows, between the rear side windows and the fifth door. Also these windows were filled with ballistic laminate panes 5.
  • the vehicle equipped with ballistic laminate panes 5 with BR6 resistance in the rear part of the vehicle protects the passengers against firing from guns up to the 7.62x51 calibre.
  • the passenger vehicle was also equipped with a self-extingui shing system 3, which comprised a tank 9 for an extinguishing agent, a pump powered to 24 V, a distribution system of aluminium hoses and steel liquid nozzles 8.
  • the extinguishing agent tank 9 was located in the cargo area of the vehicle in the bodywork.
  • the tank was made of plastic with the volume of 10 1.
  • the pump was located outside the extinguishing agent tank and was connected with the inner tank area via a suction hose opening at the tank 9 bottom, and the pump discharge aperture opened to the distribution hosing system.
  • the power cable to the pump motor was led through the central unit to the power supply. Temperature sensors located next every liquid nozzle 8 were also connected to the central unit.
  • the central unit started to supply the motor which activated the self-extingui shing system.
  • Aluminium hoses having the diameter of 8 mm connected with elbows, T-splitters and quick-release couplers distributed through the bodywork in the whole vehicle, to every wheel arch area, to the bonnet area, to the roof area and to the vehicle mask area were connected to the motor.
  • Bonnet liquid nozzles 8, 1 and vehicle roof liquid nozzles 8,2 were located in compliance with the vehicle aerodynamics, and had the spray radius of 1.5 m.
  • One liquid nozzle 8,2 was located on the vehicle roof at the distance of 1/4 of the roof length from the windscreen.
  • This nozzle 8,2 is to extinguish the vehicle roof in its static condition and also during its motion, when the flowing air carrying the fire extinguisher is considered.
  • the liquid nozzle 8, 1 in the bonnet area as well is located in the distance of 1/5 of the bonnet length from the vehicle front mask.
  • This nozzle 8, 1 is to extinguish the vehicle bonnet in its static condition and also during its motion, when the flowing air carrying the extinguishing liquid is considered.
  • a wheel arch liquid nozzle 8,3 spraying the tyres during extinguishing, and thus preventing their ignition opens in every wheel arch. Every hose was fixed in the bodywork using plastic ties and metal clips, and was ended by a liquid relief nozzle 8 in the vehicle exterior.
  • the self-extingui shing system 3 can protect the vehicle from the outside, and thus indirectly protect the passengers inside against fire, e.g. when driving through forest fires or against ignition by Molotov cocktails.
  • the fuel tank 6 of this vehicle was made of aluminium, and thus adjusted to prevent explosion. Moreover, the fuel tank 6 was filled with balls made of the aluminium net according to Example 2. Such an adjusted tank 6 is resistant to explosion, since aluminium reacts with present oxygen in the tank 6, and thus practically prevents the formation of an explosive mixture consisting of air and fuel vapours.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Emergency Management (AREA)
  • Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Cooling, Air Intake And Gas Exhaust, And Fuel Tank Arrangements In Propulsion Units (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un véhicule à passagers résistant au feu permettant de s'échapper doté d'un moteur à combustion comprenant un système d'auto-extinction contenant un réservoir pour une solution d'agent d'extinction. La zone de réservoir interne est reliée à un système de tuyau de distribution relié à au moins six buses de liquide métallique qui s'ouvrent dans le tiers avant du capot de véhicule, et au moins une buse de liquide s'ouvre dans le quart avant du toit du véhicule, et au moins une buse de liquide est située dans chaque passage de roue de véhicule. De plus, le véhicule comprend un réservoir de carburant rempli d'un filet d'aluminium et/ou revêtu d'une feuille d'aluminium sur son côté intérieur et/ou un réservoir de carburant en aluminium.
PCT/IB2022/061815 2021-12-07 2022-12-06 Véhicule à passagers résistant au feu doté d'un moteur à combustion permettant de s'échapper de situations menaçant la vie WO2023105402A1 (fr)

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CZ2021-554A CZ2021554A3 (cs) 2021-12-07 2021-12-07 Ohnivzdorný osobní vůz se spalovacím motorem pro únik z životu nebezpečných situací
CZPV2021-554 2021-12-07

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WO2023105402A1 true WO2023105402A1 (fr) 2023-06-15

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Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6327954B1 (en) * 1993-06-03 2001-12-11 Richard C. Medlin Lightweight armored vehicle and method of making same
US20050205181A1 (en) * 2004-03-18 2005-09-22 Carlisle Tire And Rubber Company, Inc. Non-pneumatic tire and method of making same
CN104908583A (zh) * 2015-06-23 2015-09-16 北京北方车辆集团有限公司 一种车辆薄壳桁架式铝制油箱
CN110538400A (zh) * 2019-10-11 2019-12-06 中国人民警察大学 用于防暴装甲车的车载防护灭火装置

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4988011A (en) * 1989-08-09 1991-01-29 Safetytech Corporation Explosion resistant fuel container apparatus
IT1268315B1 (it) * 1994-10-19 1997-02-27 Roberto Bertossi Impianto antincendio per veicoli.
WO1997007377A2 (fr) * 1995-08-14 1997-02-27 Medlin Richard C Vehicule blinde leger perfectionne et procede de fabrication correspondant
JP2016038162A (ja) * 2014-08-07 2016-03-22 白川 利久 要人用電気自動車
US20160346573A1 (en) * 2015-06-01 2016-12-01 Bradley Dean Carson Lithium battery fire suppression water hose system

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6327954B1 (en) * 1993-06-03 2001-12-11 Richard C. Medlin Lightweight armored vehicle and method of making same
US20050205181A1 (en) * 2004-03-18 2005-09-22 Carlisle Tire And Rubber Company, Inc. Non-pneumatic tire and method of making same
CN104908583A (zh) * 2015-06-23 2015-09-16 北京北方车辆集团有限公司 一种车辆薄壳桁架式铝制油箱
CN110538400A (zh) * 2019-10-11 2019-12-06 中国人民警察大学 用于防暴装甲车的车载防护灭火装置

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