WO2023103667A1

WO2023103667A1 - Design method for automatic nuclear power plant start-up and shutdown and intelligent monitoring system

Info

Publication number: WO2023103667A1
Application number: PCT/CN2022/129719
Authority: WO
Inventors: 洪郡滢; 徐钊; 高力; 邵一穷; 杜宇; 苗壮; 马颖菲; 于方小稚
Original assignee: 中国核电工程有限公司
Priority date: 2021-12-09
Filing date: 2022-11-04
Publication date: 2023-06-15
Also published as: CN114446502A

Abstract

The present invention belongs to the technical field of automated nuclear power plant control and relates to a design method for an automatic nuclear power plant start-up and shutdown and intelligent monitoring system. The method comprises the following steps: performing task analysis on a nuclear power plant start-up and shutdown operation process; determining a design range of an automatic nuclear power plant start-up and shutdown system (ANPS); designing function groups of the ANPS; designing a sequence control function flow of the ANPS; designing a main technological parameter closed-loop adjustment function of the ANPS; designing an intelligent monitoring module for the operation state of a unit start-up and shutdown process of the ANPS; performing integrated design on the ANPS; designing a human-machine interface function of the ANPS; and verifying and confirming a design scheme of the ANPS. By means of the method provided in the present invention, the automatic start-up and shutdown sequence control, the main technological parameter closed-loop adjustment, and the intelligent monitoring of a unit operation state parameter of a nuclear power plant in an all-condition range can be realized.

Description

A design method for automatic start-stop and intelligent monitoring system of nuclear power plant

This disclosure claims the priority of the Chinese patent application with the application date of December 10, 2021, the application number CN 202111499952.9, and the title "A Design Method for Automatic Start-Stop and Intelligent Monitoring System of Nuclear Power Plant".

technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of automatic control of nuclear power plants, in particular to a design method for automatic start-stop and intelligent monitoring systems of nuclear power plants.

Background technique

The nuclear power plant system has a large scale, complex operating conditions, a large number of equipment, closely related process systems, and a long process of starting and shutting down the reactor. At the same time, the operators need to perform precise manual operations on many devices during the start-up and shutdown of the unit, which increases the operating load and mental pressure of the operators. Not only is it prone to missed operations, misoperations, and even causes the unit to deviate from normal operation. risk. Using advanced automation and intelligent technology to realize automatic start and stop of nuclear power units can reduce the workload of operating personnel and the probability of misoperation, thereby reducing the probability of reactor start-up accidents and improving the safety and economy of reactor operation. , has important practical significance.

ANPS is the abbreviation of "Automatic Nuclear Power Plant Start-up and Shutdown System" in English, which stands for automatic start-up and shutdown system of nuclear power plants. The system is the start-stop scheduling, information management and command control center of the unit, which can send start or stop commands to each equipment (system) according to the pre-set and completed procedures. As one of the key supporting technologies of the intelligent control system in smart nuclear power plants, ANPS combines modern control technology and operating experience, and has been recognized and applied by the industry for its safety and economy. By putting into operation the ANPS system, it is possible to standardize the operating procedures for unit startup and shutdown, simplify operations, reduce misoperations, and improve unit safety performance. At the same time, it can also shorten the unit startup and shutdown time and improve the economic benefits of the power plant.

The automatic start-stop technology of fossil fuel power plants has been through repeated practice and technology accumulation for many years. The automatic start-stop design and application of some power plants have been successful, and the relevant technologies have already possessed certain research and practical experience. A good foundation has been laid. However, compared with coal-fired units in fossil power plants, the start-up and shutdown process of nuclear power units is more complicated, and the reliability requirements for system operation are also higher. How to make full use of the research experience related to the automatic start-stop technology of fossil power plants and design ANPS technology strategies for nuclear power plants has become a problem that must be solved.

Contents of the invention

In order to solve the defects existing in the prior art, the object of the present invention is to provide a design method for the automatic start-stop and intelligent monitoring system of nuclear power plants, which can realize the automatic start-stop sequence control and the main process parameters of the nuclear power plant. Closed-loop adjustment and intelligent monitoring of unit operating status parameters.

In order to achieve the above purpose, an aspect of the embodiment of the present invention provides a design method for automatic start-stop and intelligent monitoring system of nuclear power plant, including the following steps: S1, based on the overall operating procedures of the nuclear power plant and related operating documents, the nuclear power plant Perform task analysis during start-up and stop operation, and obtain task analysis results; S2. Based on the task analysis results and existing power plant operating experience, determine the human-machine function allocation principle during the start-stop operation of the nuclear power plant, and obtain the automatic The design scope of the start-stop system; S3. Based on the high reliability and high safety requirements of the nuclear power plant, determine the design principles of the functional group of the automatic start-stop system of the nuclear power plant, and Carry out the design of the functional groups within the design scope; S4. Design the sequence control flow of the automatic start-stop system of the nuclear power plant based on the general step-sequence logic function block and the sequential function flow chart; S5. Analyze the start-stop of the nuclear power plant During the change process of each main process parameter during operation, design the closed-loop adjustment function of the main process parameters of the automatic start-stop system of the nuclear power plant; The intelligent monitoring module of the unit start-stop process of the start-stop system; S7, integrating the sequence control system used for the sequence control process, the main process parameter closed-loop adjustment system for the main process parameter closed-loop adjustment function and the described The intelligent monitoring module forms the automatic start-stop system of the nuclear power plant to realize the automatic control of the start-stop of the nuclear power plant; S8. According to the organizational structure of the automatic start-stop system of the nuclear power plant, design the man-machine of the automatic start-stop system of the nuclear power plant Interface interface; S9. Verification and confirmation of the design scheme of the automatic start-stop system of the nuclear power plant.

Further, in the design method for the automatic start-stop and intelligent monitoring system of the nuclear power plant described above, the task analysis of the start-stop operation process of the nuclear power plant described in step S1 includes: performing a step-by-step analysis of the overall operation tasks of the start-stop process of the nuclear power plant Decomposed into layers, the decomposed layers include the overall goal, sub-goals, second-level sub-goals, operating functions, systems, system sub-functions and equipment of the start-up and shutdown of nuclear power plants.

Further, in the design method for the automatic start-stop and intelligent monitoring system of the nuclear power plant described above, the human-machine function allocation principle described in step S2 includes: a) the common control system of the power plant and the automatic start-stop system of the nuclear power plant at the upper level Realize the control of the start-stop operation process of the nuclear power plant, the control includes: when the automatic start-stop system of the nuclear power plant is not put into use, the conventional control system of the power plant realizes the control of the start-stop process of the power plant; when the When the automatic start-stop system of the nuclear power plant is put into operation, the conventional control system of the power plant provides support for the automatic start-stop system of the nuclear power plant to realize the automatic start-stop control of the power plant; b) divide the equipment with automation conditions into the nuclear power plant In the automatic start-stop system; c) For the safety-related operation that must be performed manually and the on-site inspection items and periodic test items in the preparation process for unit start-up, manual operation is adopted.

Further, in the design method of the automatic start-stop and intelligent monitoring system of the nuclear power plant described above, the design principles of the functional group of the automatic start-stop system of the nuclear power plant described in step S3 include: a) the functional group sets the start-up permission before starting The start-up permission conditions include: checking the completion of pre-steps and the availability of the equipment to be started; checking the operating trend of the key main system process parameters of the unit; and checking the operating status of nuclear safety-related functional groups; b) the function The group can not only perform specific control functions alone, but also can be called during the start-stop process of the unit; and c) set the manual pause function to suspend the unexpected automatic start-stop process as soon as possible. After the manual pause function is triggered, it will interrupt the approaching The next device-level control unit triggers.

Still further, in the design method of the automatic start-stop and intelligent monitoring system of a nuclear power plant as described above, the key main system process parameters include turbine power, primary circuit pressure, primary circuit temperature, primary circuit water loading and reactor nuclear power.

Further, in the design method of the automatic start-stop and intelligent monitoring system of the nuclear power plant described above, the design method of the closed-loop adjustment function of the main process parameters of the automatic start-stop system of the nuclear power plant described in step S5 includes: analyzing the start-stop operation of the nuclear power plant The change process of each main process parameter in the process obtains the operation chart of each main process parameter, according to the operation chart, divides the adjustment stage of each main process parameter; according to the adjustment phase of each main process parameter divided , define the constraints of each adjustment stage; set the control rules of the main process parameters of the automatic start-stop system of the nuclear power plant based on the constraints, so as to realize the main processes of the automatic start-stop system of the nuclear power plant The design of the closed-loop automatic adjustment function of the full working range of parameters.

Still further, in the design method for automatic start-stop and intelligent monitoring system of a nuclear power plant as described above, the constraints include the variation range and adjustment rate of each adjustment stage.

Further, in the above-mentioned design method of the automatic start-stop and intelligent monitoring system of the nuclear power plant, the design method of the intelligent monitoring module of the operating state of the unit start-stop process described in step S6 includes: analyzing the start-stop operation process of the nuclear power plant and the Describe the monitoring responsibilities of the operating personnel during the start-up and shutdown of the nuclear power plant, and determine the key main system process parameters that need to be monitored during the operation of the automatic start-stop system of the nuclear power plant; The parameters are monitored, and the monitoring results will be used as one of the start-up conditions for each functional group; when the operation status of the key main system process parameters is abnormal, the execution action of the current functional group will be blocked and an alarm will be issued to remind the operator to pay attention.

Further, in the design method for the automatic start-stop and intelligent monitoring system of the nuclear power plant described above, the integrated design method of the sequential control system and the closed-loop adjustment system of the main process parameters in step S7 includes: when the nuclear power plant is automatically started and stopped When the system is put into operation, each adjustment loop of the analog control system is set to the automatic position, and when the sequence control function group of the automatic start-stop system of the nuclear power plant is executed to the corresponding step, an automatic input command is issued to make the corresponding process parameter adjustment system Automatic input.

Further, in the above-mentioned design method of automatic start-stop and intelligent monitoring system of nuclear power plant, the man-machine interface interface of the automatic start-stop system of nuclear power plant described in step S8 includes the general interface of start mode and the general interface of stop mode, and the start mode The general interface is used to display the general picture of the function groups. According to the sequence of the start and stop of the unit, each function group is arranged in the order of start-up, and all the function groups included in the start-up process are displayed. Through the "Start" button on the interface, directly follow the Sequentially put into operation related functional groups.

The method provided by the invention can improve the automation technology level in the field of nuclear power, generate considerable economic benefits, improve the safety of nuclear power plant operation, improve the control performance of nuclear power units and effectively improve the quality of design results.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the flow chart of the design method of nuclear power plant automatic start-stop and intelligent monitoring system provided by the present invention;

Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the human-computer interaction relationship between the start and stop operation of a nuclear power plant based on ANPS;

FIG. 3 is an example diagram of a sequential function flow in an embodiment provided by the present invention;

Fig. 4 is a fishbone diagram of the change in the average temperature of the primary circuit coolant in the "heating and boosting" stage in the embodiment provided by the present invention;

Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the "overall start-up interface" of the ANPS system of the nuclear power plant in the embodiment provided by the present invention.

Detailed ways

The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with specific embodiments and accompanying drawings.

Fig. 1 shows the flow chart of the design method of the nuclear power plant automatic start-stop and intelligent monitoring system provided in the specific embodiment of the present invention, and the method includes the following steps 1 to 9:

Step 1. Task analysis of the start-up and shutdown operation process of the nuclear power plant: Based on the overall operating procedures of the nuclear power plant and related operating documents, the task analysis of the start-up and shutdown operation process of the nuclear power plant is carried out.

In order to complete the task analysis of the start-up and shutdown operation process of nuclear power plants, this step first needs to sort out the overall operation tasks of the start-up and shutdown process of nuclear power plants based on the overall operating procedures of mature nuclear power plants and related operating documents, and decompose to obtain several subtasks, each subtask The operational objectives of the system can be achieved through the sub-functions of the relevant systems; then, the operational functions are decomposed layer by layer, and the decomposed levels include the general objectives, sub-objectives, second-level sub-objectives, operational functions, systems, and system There are 7 levels of sub-functions and equipment, and the depth of analysis goes directly to the specific operating equipment.

Step 2. Determine the design scope of the ANPS system of the nuclear power plant: Based on the task analysis results of the start-up and stop operation of the nuclear power plant and the existing power plant operating experience, determine the principle of man-machine function allocation during the start-up and stop operation, and obtain the ANPS system of the nuclear power plant design scope.

Fig. 2 shows the schematic diagram of human-computer interaction relationship between start-up and stop operation of nuclear power plants based on ANPS. The principle of man-machine function allocation in the start-stop operation process established by the present invention includes:

a) The control of the start-stop operation process of the nuclear power plant can be jointly realized by the conventional control system of the power plant and the control logic of the upper ANPS system. When the ANPS system is not in use, the conventional control system of the power plant controls the start-up and shutdown process of the power plant; when the ANPS system is put into use, the conventional control system of the power plant provides support for the ANPS system to realize automatic start-stop control of the power plant;

b) Sorting out the automation conditions of equipment such as nuclear power technology and control, and dividing the equipment with automation conditions into the ANPS system (ANPS control system);

c) Under the requirements of high reliability and high safety of nuclear power plants, safety-related operations that must be performed manually (including criticality, reactor protection system lockout, atmospheric discharge mode switching and feed water switching, etc.) and unit start-up preparations The on-site inspection items and periodic test items are still manually operated.

Based on the human-machine function allocation principle in the start-stop operation process, the task functions of the start-stop operation of the nuclear power plant are analyzed and screened. After the human-machine function is allocated, the ANPS system of the nuclear power plant needs to perform the corresponding function scope.

Step 3. Functional group design of nuclear power plant ANPS system: Based on the high reliability and high safety requirements of nuclear power plants, determine the design principles of nuclear power plant ANPS functional groups, and design functional groups within the design scope of nuclear power plant ANPS systems .

The ANPS system adopts a pyramid-style hierarchical control structure. The control level of the unit does not directly send commands to the conventional control system to drive equipment, but more to realize the call of equipment through the management of function groups. The function group is the intermediate link of the entire ANPS. The design principle of the functional group of the nuclear power plant ANPS that the present invention establishes is as follows:

a) The function group sets the start-up permission conditions before starting, and the start-up permission conditions include:

From the perspective of step executability, check the completion of the preceding steps and the availability of the equipment to be started;

From the perspective of the stability of the overall operating state of the nuclear power plant, check the operation trend of the key main system process parameters of the unit. The key main system process parameters include turbine power, primary circuit pressure, primary circuit temperature, primary circuit water loading and reactor nuclear power, etc.;

From the perspective of nuclear safety, check the operating status of nuclear safety-related functional groups such as core cooling, main system integrity, and secondary heat sinks.

b) In order to improve the safety and flexibility of the ANPS system of the nuclear power plant, the function group can either perform a specific control function alone, or call it during the start-up and stop of the unit;

c) In order to suspend the unexpected automatic start-stop process as soon as possible, set the manual suspend function. After triggering the manual pause function, the triggering of the next next machine-level control unit is interrupted.

Based on the functional group design principle of nuclear power plant ANPS, within the design range in step 2, carry out functional group design for the nuclear power plant ANPS system, divide all equipment into each functional group according to the process flow and operation function, so that each functional group meets The start-stop operation requirements of each subsystem of the unit.

Step 4. Sequential control function flow design of nuclear power plant ANPS: Design the sequence control flow of nuclear power plant ANPS based on the general step logic function block and sequence function flow chart.

The functional groups of the ANPS of the nuclear power plant implement step-by-step control, that is, start, stop and control the equipment one by one according to the predetermined operation sequence. First sort out the instructions, feedback and start-up permission conditions of each step, and then design the sequential control process of the nuclear power plant ANPS according to the general step-by-step logic function block and sequential function flow chart.

Step 5. The closed-loop adjustment function design of the main process parameters of the ANPS system of the nuclear power plant: analyze the change process of each main process parameter during the start-up and stop operation of the nuclear power plant, divide different parameter adjustment stages, and define the range and adjustment rate of each adjustment stage and other information , to design the closed-loop adjustment function of the main process parameters of the nuclear power plant ANPS.

In this step, firstly, by analyzing the change process of each main process parameter during the start-up and shutdown operation of the nuclear power plant, the operation fishbone diagram of each main process parameter is obtained, which is used to divide the adjustment stage of each main process parameter; then according to the division of different parameter adjustment stages, Define the change range, adjustment rate and other constraints of each stage; finally, set the control rules of each main process parameter of the ANPS system based on the defined constraints, so as to realize the closed-loop automatic adjustment function of each main process parameter of the ANPS system of the nuclear power plant.

Step 6. Intelligent monitoring module design of the unit start-stop process operating status of the ANPS system of the nuclear power plant: Aiming at the key main system process parameters during the start-stop process of the nuclear power plant, an intelligent monitoring module of the start-stop process operating status of the ANPS system of the nuclear power plant is set.

This step first determines the key main system process parameters that need to be monitored during the operation of the ANPS system of the nuclear power plant by analyzing the start-up and shutdown operation process of the nuclear power plant and the monitoring responsibilities of the operating personnel during the start-up and shutdown process of the nuclear power plant; then based on data-driven parameter estimation The technology monitors the key main system process parameters during the start-stop operation process, and the monitoring results will be used as one of the start-up conditions for each function group. When the process parameters are abnormal, the execution action of the current function group will be blocked and an alarm will be issued. , to prompt the operator to pay attention, so as to avoid the misoperation of the system and ensure the safe operation of the power plant.

Step 7. Nuclear power plant ANPS system integration: integrate the nuclear power plant ANPS sequence control system (for the above-mentioned sequence control process), the main process parameter closed-loop adjustment system (for the above-mentioned main process parameter closed-loop adjustment function) and the intelligent monitoring module to form a nuclear power plant ANPS system realizes automatic control of start and stop of nuclear power plants.

In order to realize the integrated design of the ANPS sequence control system and the main process parameter closed-loop adjustment system, the concept of "automatic bootstrapping" is proposed, that is, when the nuclear power plant ANPS system is put into operation, each adjustment loop of the analog control system is set to the automatic position, and the ANPS When the sequence control function group of the system executes to the corresponding steps, it will issue an automatic input command to make the corresponding process parameter adjustment system automatically input.

Step 8. Man-machine interface function design of the ANPS system of the nuclear power plant: design the man-machine interface of the ANPS system of the nuclear power plant according to the organizational structure of the ANPS system of the nuclear power plant.

According to the organizational structure of the ANPS system of the nuclear power plant, set the general interface of the start mode and the general interface of the stop mode of the ANPS system of the nuclear power plant. and function group control interface, the interface content includes the operation and control information design of each function group level; the single equipment control level is mainly in the interface associated with the function group step sequence and the corresponding process system interface.

Step 9. Verification and confirmation of the design scheme of the ANPS system of the nuclear power plant.

After completing the entire design scheme from step 1 to step 8, implement relevant design schemes on the nuclear power plant design verification platform, including single module verification and integration verification, etc. If there is a problem in the verification and confirmation process, it is necessary to return to step 1 and make necessary adjustments and optimizations to the original design until the requirements of the function and performance indicators are met.

example

In order to describe the technical solution of the present invention more clearly, the stage of "increasing the temperature and pressure of the primary circuit" in the start-up process of a large pressurized water reactor nuclear power plant is now described in detail as an example.

Step 1. Task analysis of the start-up operation process of the nuclear power plant

Apply step 1 of the embodiment of the present invention to carry out task analysis on the "primary circuit temperature increase and pressure increase" stage in the start-up process of the PWR nuclear power plant, and based on the overall operating procedures of mature nuclear power plants and related documents, the overall operating tasks of the power plant are carried out Decomposed layer by layer, the depth of analysis goes directly to the specific operating equipment, and finally divided into 7 layers. Table 1 shows an example of the task analysis in the heating and boosting phase of the unit start-up.

Table 1 Example of overall operation task analysis of temperature rise and pressurization during start-up

Step 2. Determine the design scope of the ANPS system of the nuclear power plant

Based on the task analysis of the temperature rise and boost stage during the start-up and shutdown of the nuclear power plant and the existing power plant operating experience, the design scope of the ANPS system of the nuclear power plant is determined by applying the man-machine function allocation principle in step 2 of the embodiment of the present invention.

Principle a): The ANPS system is proposed to be based on an independent hardware system design, and realize relevant functions through real-time "information interaction" with the DCS system (digital instrumentation and control system of nuclear power plants). When the ANPS system is not in use, the conventional DCS system is still used The system and operating personnel control the start-stop process of the power plant; when the ANPS system is put into operation, the conventional control system provides support for the ANPS system to jointly realize the automatic start-stop control of the nuclear power plant.

Principle b): Sorting out the automation conditions of equipment such as nuclear power technology and control, and dividing equipment with automation conditions such as main pumps into the ANPS system;

Principle c): For on-site inspection items such as "on-site confirmation of the flow through the boron meter", as well as safety-related operations that must be performed manually, manual operations are still used.

After the above analysis, the design scope of the ANPS system of the nuclear power plant is determined.

Step 3. Function group design of ANPS system of nuclear power plant

Based on the design scope of the ANPS system in step 2, apply step 3 in the embodiment of the present invention to design the functional groups of the ANPS system of the nuclear power plant.

Based on the functional group design principle of nuclear power plant ANPS, the functional group design of the nuclear power plant ANPS system is completed, and then all equipment is divided into various functional groups according to the process flow and operation function, so that each functional group can meet the start-stop operation of each subsystem of the unit Require.

Step 4. Sequential control function process design of nuclear power plant ANPS

Based on the start-up task analysis in step 1 during the temperature rise and boost stage, and the function group design in step 3, apply step 4 in the embodiment of the present invention to design the sequential control flow of the nuclear power plant ANPS. First sort out the instruction, feedback and start-up permission conditions of each step, and then design the sequence control process of nuclear power plant ANPS according to the general step logic function block and sequence function flow chart.

The sequence function flow chart corresponding to the temperature raising and boosting stage is shown in Fig. 3 . Take the first step "RCS001PO, 002PO, 003PO operation (continue to increase reactor coolant temperature with pump heating)" as an example, the corresponding prerequisites are "upfill flow control is automatic, downflow flow is in RCV (chemical and volume control system) Drain the orifice plate, RHR (Residual Heat Removal System) is out of operation, isolated from RCS (Reactor Cooling System), steam generator is fed by TFS (Start-up Water System)"; the start-up condition corresponding to the second step is "RCS037MP, 039MP rise rate is not Greater than 0.4MPa/min".

Step 5. Design of the closed-loop adjustment function of the main process parameters of the ANPS system of the nuclear power plant

Apply step 5 in the embodiment of the present invention to design the closed-loop adjustment function of the main process parameters of the nuclear power plant ANPS. In the stage of "primary circuit temperature rise and pressure boost" during the start-up process of nuclear power plants, the average temperature of the primary circuit coolant has strict temperature rise requirements. The corresponding operating fishbone diagram obtained through analysis is shown in Figure 4. The average temperature of the primary circuit coolant The temperature rise process can be divided into three regulation stages. Taking the third stage as an example, the temperature range is from 180°C to 291.7°C. Based on the temperature rise range and related operating constraints, set the control rules, such as: when the nuclear power unit reaches the rated working condition, the average temperature of the coolant in the primary circuit It reached 291.7°C and stopped rising. Finally, based on the closed-loop control system of the average temperature of the primary coolant and the set control rules, the design of the closed-loop automatic adjustment function of the main process parameters of the ANPS system in the nuclear power plant is completed.

Step 6. Design of intelligent monitoring module for unit start-up and shutdown process of nuclear power plant ANPS system

Step 6 in the embodiment of the present invention is applied to set an intelligent monitoring module for the running state of the ANPS system of the nuclear power plant in the start-up and stop process. Firstly, analyze the operating tasks of the "primary circuit temperature and pressure increase" stage in the start-up process of the nuclear power plant and the monitoring responsibilities of the operating personnel, and determine the key main system process parameters that need to be monitored during the operation of the nuclear power plant ANPS system, such as: primary circuit pressure , primary circuit temperature, etc.; then, based on the data-driven parameter estimation technology, the key main system process parameters in the "primary circuit temperature and pressure increase" stage of the start-up process are monitored, and the monitoring results will be used as one of the start-up allowable conditions for each functional group. When the operation status of the process parameters is abnormal, the execution action of the current function group will be blocked and an alarm will be issued until the operator confirms, so as to avoid system misoperation and ensure the safe operation of the power plant.

Step 7. Integrated Design of Nuclear Power Plant ANPS System

By applying step 7 in the embodiment of the present invention, the integrated design of the ANPS system of the nuclear power plant is completed, and the automatic control of the temperature raising and boosting stage in the starting process of the nuclear power plant is realized.

Step 8. Man-machine interface function design of nuclear power plant ANPS system

Apply step 8 in the embodiment of the present invention to design the man-machine interface screen of the ANPS system of the nuclear power plant. The interface of the ANPS system includes a "startup interface" and a "stop interface", wherein the "startup interface" is organized in a "total-score" manner, including a "startup overall interface" and multiple "function group interfaces". The obtained “start-up overall interface” of the ANPS system of the nuclear power plant is shown in Fig. 5 . "Start overall interface" is used to display the overview of function groups, arrange each function group according to the sequence of start-up and stop process of the unit, display all function groups included in the start-up process, and press the "Start" button on the interface , and directly put into operation the relevant functional groups in order. The "round light" in front of each subgroup indicates the current status of the functional group. Green indicates that the functional group has been put into operation, and red indicates that the functional group has not yet been put into operation. The square button corresponding to the light can be used to call the corresponding "function group interface".

Step 9. Through design verification analysis, evaluate whether the design results meet the functional requirements for the start-up and shutdown of nuclear power plants

After completing the entire design scheme, implement relevant design schemes on the nuclear power plant design verification platform, including single module verification and integration verification, etc. Step 9 in the embodiment of the present invention is applied to verify whether the relevant design scheme meets the function and performance index determined at the beginning of the design. If there is a problem in the verification and confirmation process, it is necessary to return to step 1, and make necessary adjustments and optimizations to the original design until the functional and performance index requirements are met.

The design method of nuclear power plant automatic start-stop and intelligent monitoring system provided by the present invention takes large-scale commercial pressurized water reactor nuclear power units as the research object, and simultaneously provides a nuclear power plant start-stop process task analysis method based on overall operating procedures, nuclear power plant start-up The man-machine function distribution principle in the shutdown process, the design principle of the ANPS functional group of the nuclear power plant, the design method of the closed-loop adjustment function of the main process parameters of the nuclear power plant ANPS system, and the intelligent state monitoring method in the start-up and shutdown process. The ANPS system designed by this method has the following characteristics Function:

In terms of system control functions, during the start-up and stop operation of nuclear power plants, operators only need a small amount of manual operations, that is, the relevant equipment of nuclear power plants will automatically operate according to the order and time intervals specified for safe start-up and stop, and operators only need to monitor each program Execution, thereby reducing a lot of tedious operations;

In the design of the ANPS control system, strict safety start conditions are set. No matter the automatic sequential operation or the automatic operation of a single device, as long as the safety start conditions are not met, it will be blocked and an alarm will be issued until the operator confirms, so as to avoid system errors. operation to ensure the safe operation of the power plant;

In terms of start-stop status monitoring, for the automatic start-stop operation process of nuclear power plants, an intelligent monitoring module for the operation status of the unit start-stop process is set up to conduct intelligent dynamic trend monitoring of important operating status parameters during the start-stop operation process. When there is an abnormal deviation in the change trend of important operating parameters, the operating personnel are reminded to pay attention to this parameter, take maintenance measures in time or suspend the ongoing start-up and stop procedures, prevent the unit from deteriorating, and improve the safety and economy of the automatic start-stop process of nuclear power plants.

Adopting the design method of the nuclear power plant automatic start-stop and intelligent monitoring system described in the embodiment of the present invention has the following remarkable technical effects:

(1) As a special ANPS technical method in the field of nuclear power, this design method is applicable to the automatic start-stop system of nuclear power units, and can greatly improve the level of automation technology in the field of nuclear power.

(2) Compared with the manual operation of the operator, after the automatic start and stop is realized, about 5 hours of running time can be saved in the process of heating and boosting during the start-up phase of the power plant. Based on the 1000MW electric power meter and the on-grid electricity price of my country's nuclear power plants It is estimated that for each unit, saving one hour of start-up or shutdown time can generate an economic benefit of 400,000 RMB.

(3) The investment in the ANPS system of the nuclear power plant can reduce the operating load of the operators by 40% and the monitoring load of 25% during the start-up and shutdown phase of the nuclear power plant, reduce the workload of the operators, reduce the probability of misoperation and omission, and reduce the The possibility of starting and stopping accidents in nuclear power plants can improve the safety of nuclear power plant operations.

(4) To realize the ANPS system, the control system is required to complete the full control of each system, and corresponding control strategies are adopted to overcome these unfavorable factors, so that each control parameter has good stability and accuracy, and the control performance of the nuclear power unit is improved.

(5) The verification and confirmation process ensures the correctness and rationality of the ANPS design, and effectively improves the quality of the design results.

The above-mentioned embodiments are only illustrations of the present invention, and the present invention can also be implemented in other specific ways or other specific forms without departing from the gist or essential features of the present invention. Accordingly, the described embodiments should be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive. The scope of the present invention should be described by the appended claims, and any changes equivalent to the intention and scope of the claims should also be included in the scope of the present invention.

Claims

A design method for an automatic start-stop and intelligent monitoring system of a nuclear power plant, comprising the following steps:

S1. Based on the overall operating procedures of the nuclear power plant and related operating documents, conduct task analysis on the start-up and shutdown operation process of the nuclear power plant, and obtain task analysis results;

S2. Based on the task analysis results and existing power plant operating experience, determine the human-machine function allocation principle during the start-stop operation of the nuclear power plant, and obtain the design scope of the automatic start-stop system of the nuclear power plant;

S3. Based on the high reliability and high safety requirements of the nuclear power plant, determine the design principles of the functional group of the automatic start-stop system of the nuclear power plant, and perform the functions within the design range of the automatic start-stop system of the nuclear power plant group design;

S4. Design the sequence control flow of the automatic start-stop system of the nuclear power plant based on the general step logic function block and sequence function flow chart;

S5. Analyzing the change process of each main process parameter during the start-stop operation of the nuclear power plant, and designing the closed-loop adjustment function of the main process parameters of the automatic start-stop system of the nuclear power plant;

S6. Aiming at the key main system process parameters during the start-stop process of the nuclear power plant, design an intelligent monitoring module for the operation status of the unit start-stop process of the automatic start-stop system of the nuclear power plant;

S7. Integrate the sequence control system used for the sequence control process, the main process parameter closed-loop adjustment system used for the main process parameter closed-loop adjustment function, and the intelligent monitoring module to form the automatic start-stop system of the nuclear power plant, and realize Automatic start-stop control of nuclear power plants;

S8. According to the organizational structure of the automatic start-stop system of the nuclear power plant, design the man-machine interface of the automatic start-stop system of the nuclear power plant;

S9. Verification and confirmation of the design scheme of the automatic start-stop system of the nuclear power plant.
According to the design method of nuclear power plant automatic start-stop and intelligent monitoring system according to claim 1, it is characterized in that the task analysis of the nuclear power plant start-stop operation process described in step S1 includes:

Decompose the overall operation tasks of the start-up and shutdown process of the nuclear power plant layer by layer, and the decomposed levels include the overall goal, sub-goals, second-level sub-goals, operation functions, systems, system sub-functions and equipment of the start-up and stop operation of the nuclear power plant.
According to the design method of nuclear power plant automatic start-stop and intelligent monitoring system according to claim 2, it is characterized in that, the man-machine function allocation principle in step S2 includes:

a) The control of the start-stop operation process of the nuclear power plant is jointly realized by the conventional control system of the power plant and the automatic start-stop system of the nuclear power plant on the upper layer, and the control includes: when the automatic start-stop system of the nuclear power plant is not put into use, The control of the start-stop process of the power plant is realized by the conventional control system of the power plant; when the automatic start-stop system of the nuclear power plant is put into operation, the conventional control system of the power plant provides support for the automatic start-stop system of the nuclear power plant to realize the control of the power plant Automatic start and stop control;

b) Divide equipment with automation conditions into the automatic start-stop system of the nuclear power plant;

c) For the safety-related operations that must be performed manually and the on-site inspection items and periodic test items in the preparation process for unit start-up, manual operation shall be adopted.
According to the design method of automatic start-stop and intelligent monitoring system of nuclear power plant according to any one of claims 1-3, it is characterized in that, the design principle of the functional group of the automatic start-stop system of nuclear power plant described in step S3 includes:

a) The functional group sets the start-up permission conditions before starting, and the start-up permission conditions include: checking the completion of the pre-steps and the availability of the equipment to be started; checking the operation trend of the key main system process parameters of the unit; and checking nuclear safety The operating status of the relevant functional groups;

b) The function group can not only perform a specific control function independently, but also can be called during the start-up and stop of the unit; and

c) Set the manual pause function, which is used to suspend the unexpected automatic start-stop process as soon as possible. After the manual pause function is triggered, it will interrupt the triggering of the next adjacent equipment-level control unit.
The design method for the automatic start-stop and intelligent monitoring system of a nuclear power plant according to claim 4, wherein the key main system process parameters include turbine power, primary loop pressure, primary loop temperature, primary loop water loading and reactor nuclear power.
According to the design method of nuclear power plant automatic start-stop and intelligent monitoring system according to claim 1, it is characterized in that the design method of the main process parameter closed-loop adjustment function of the nuclear power plant automatic start-stop system described in step S5 comprises:

Analyzing the change process of each main process parameter during the start-up and shutdown operation of the nuclear power plant, obtaining an operation diagram of each main process parameter, and dividing the adjustment stages of each main process parameter according to the operation diagram;

According to the divided adjustment stages of each main process parameter, the constraints of each adjustment stage are defined;

Set the control rules of the main process parameters of the automatic start-stop system of the nuclear power plant based on the constraint conditions, thereby realizing the closed-loop automatic adjustment of the main process parameters of the automatic start-stop system of the nuclear power plant in a full working condition range Functional design.
The design method of automatic start-stop and intelligent monitoring system of nuclear power plant according to claim 6, characterized in that, said constraints include the variation range and adjustment rate of each adjustment stage.
According to the design method of automatic start-stop and intelligent monitoring system of nuclear power plant according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the design method of the intelligent monitoring module of the operating state of the unit start-stop process described in step S6 comprises:

Analyze the start-stop operation process of the nuclear power plant and the monitoring responsibilities of the operating personnel during the start-stop process of the nuclear power plant, and determine the key main system process parameters that need to be monitored during the operation of the automatic start-stop system of the nuclear power plant;

Monitor the key main system process parameters based on data-driven parameter estimation technology, and use the monitoring results as one of the start-up permission conditions for each functional group;

When the operating status of the key main system process parameters is abnormal, the execution action of the current function group is blocked and an alarm is issued to prompt the operator to pay attention.
According to the design method of nuclear power plant automatic start-stop and intelligent monitoring system according to claim 8, it is characterized in that the integrated design method of the sequence control system and the main process parameter closed-loop adjustment system in step S7 comprises:

When the automatic start-stop system of the nuclear power plant is put into operation, each adjustment loop of the analog control system is set to the automatic position, and when the sequence control function group of the automatic start-stop system of the nuclear power plant is executed to the corresponding step, an automatic input command is issued , so that the corresponding process parameter adjustment system is automatically put into operation.
According to the design method of automatic start-stop and intelligent monitoring system of nuclear power plant according to any one of claims 6-9, it is characterized in that, the man-machine interface interface of the automatic start-stop system of nuclear power plant described in step S8 includes a start-up mode general interface and the stop mode general interface, the start mode general interface is used to display the overview map of the function groups, arrange each function group according to the start sequence according to the sequence of the unit start and stop process, display all the function groups included in the start process, and pass the interface Press the "Start" button on the screen to put into operation the relevant functional groups directly in sequence.