CN114446502A - Design method of automatic start-stop and intelligent monitoring system of nuclear power plant - Google Patents
Design method of automatic start-stop and intelligent monitoring system of nuclear power plant Download PDFInfo
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- CN114446502A CN114446502A CN202111499952.9A CN202111499952A CN114446502A CN 114446502 A CN114446502 A CN 114446502A CN 202111499952 A CN202111499952 A CN 202111499952A CN 114446502 A CN114446502 A CN 114446502A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a design method of an automatic start-stop and intelligent monitoring system of a nuclear power plant, belonging to the technical field of automatic control of the nuclear power plant and comprising the following steps: task analysis of a nuclear power plant start-stop operation process; determining the design range of the ANPS system of the nuclear power plant; designing a functional group of an ANPS control system of the nuclear power plant; designing a sequential control function process of ANPS of the nuclear power plant; designing a main process parameter closed-loop adjusting function of the ANPS system of the nuclear power plant; designing an intelligent monitoring module for the unit start-stop process running state of the ANPS system of the nuclear power plant; the nuclear power plant ANPS system is designed in an integrated mode; designing a human-computer interface function of the ANPS system of the nuclear power plant; verification & validation of nuclear power plant ANPS system design solution. The method provided by the invention can realize the automatic start-stop sequence control, the closed-loop adjustment of main process parameters and the intelligent monitoring of unit running state parameters of the nuclear power plant in the full working condition range.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of automatic control of nuclear power plants, and particularly relates to a design method of an automatic start-stop and intelligent monitoring system of a nuclear power plant.
Background
The nuclear power plant has the characteristics of large system scale, complex operation condition, numerous equipment, compact process system association and long time consumption in the process of starting and stopping the reactor, and the operation difficulty of operators during the starting and stopping of the unit is increased to a great extent. Meanwhile, operators need to carry out accurate manual operation on a plurality of devices in the starting and stopping processes of the unit, the operation load and the mental stress of the operators are increased, operation leakage and misoperation are easy to occur, and even the risk of deviation of the unit from normal operation exists. The automatic start-stop of the nuclear power generating unit is realized by utilizing advanced automation and intelligent technology, and the automatic start-stop has important practical significance for lightening the workload of operators and reducing the probability of misoperation and operation leakage, thereby reducing the probability of starting accidents of the reactor and improving the safety and the economical efficiency of the operation of the reactor.
ANPS is an abbreviation of "Automatic Nuclear Power Plant Start-up and Shutdown System" in English, and represents an Automatic Start-stop System of a Nuclear Power Plant. The system is a start-stop scheduling, information management and instruction control center of the unit, and can send start or stop commands to each device (system) according to a preset finished program. The ANPS is one of key supporting technologies of an intelligent control system in an intelligent nuclear power plant, combines a modern control technology and an operation experience into a whole, and obtains the approval and the application in the industry by the safety and the economy. By putting into operation the ANPS system, the operation procedures of starting and stopping the unit can be standardized, the operation is simplified, the misoperation is reduced, the safety performance of the unit is improved, meanwhile, the starting and stopping time of the unit can be shortened, and the economic benefit of a power plant is improved.
The automatic start-stop technology of the fossil fuel power plant is accumulated through repeated practice and technology for many years, the automatic start-stop design and application of some power plants are successful, and related technologies have already provided certain research and practical experience and lay a good foundation for ANPS design of a generating set of the nuclear power plant. However, compared with a coal-fired unit of a fossil power plant, the nuclear power unit is more complex in starting and stopping processes, and the reliability requirement of system operation is higher. How to fully utilize the research experience related to the automatic start-stop technology of the fossil power plant and design an ANPS technical strategy aiming at the nuclear power plant becomes a problem which needs to be solved.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a design method of an automatic start-stop and intelligent monitoring system of a nuclear power plant, which can realize the automatic start-stop sequence control, the closed-loop adjustment of main process parameters and the intelligent monitoring of unit running state parameters of the nuclear power plant in the full working condition range.
In order to achieve the above purposes, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
a design method of an automatic start-stop and intelligent monitoring system of a nuclear power plant comprises the following steps:
s1, performing task analysis on the nuclear power plant start-stop operation process based on the overall operation regulation and relevant operation files of the nuclear power plant to obtain a task analysis result;
s2, determining a man-machine function distribution principle in the starting and stopping operation process based on the task analysis result and the existing power plant operation experience, and obtaining the design range of the automatic starting and stopping system of the nuclear power plant;
s3, determining a design principle of a function group of the automatic start-stop system of the nuclear power plant based on the high reliability and high safety requirements of the nuclear power plant, and designing the function group in the design range of the automatic start-stop system of the nuclear power plant;
s4, designing a sequence control flow of the automatic start-stop system of the nuclear power plant based on the general step sequence logic function block and the sequence function flow chart;
s5, analyzing the change process of each main process parameter in the starting and stopping operation process of the nuclear power plant, and designing the main process parameter closed-loop regulation function of the automatic starting and stopping system of the nuclear power plant;
s6, designing an intelligent monitoring module for the unit start-stop process running state of the automatic start-stop system of the nuclear power plant aiming at key main system process parameters in the start-stop process of the nuclear power plant;
s7, integrating an automatic start-stop sequence control system of the nuclear power plant, a main process parameter closed-loop regulation system and an intelligent monitoring module to form an automatic start-stop system of the nuclear power plant and realize automatic start-stop control of the nuclear power plant;
s8, designing a human-computer interface of the automatic nuclear power plant starting and stopping system according to the organization structure of the automatic nuclear power plant starting and stopping system;
and S9, verifying and confirming the design scheme of the automatic start-stop system of the nuclear power plant.
Further, in the design method of the automatic start-stop and intelligent monitoring system for the nuclear power plant as described above, in step S1, the task analysis performed on the start-stop operation process of the nuclear power plant specifically includes:
and decomposing the overall operation tasks of the nuclear power plant start-stop process layer by layer, wherein the decomposed layers comprise the general target, the sub-targets, the two-layer sub-targets, the operation functions, the system sub-functions and the equipment of the nuclear power plant start-stop operation.
Further, in the design method of the automatic start-stop and intelligent monitoring system of the nuclear power plant as described above, in step S2, the man-machine function allocation principle includes:
a) the control of the nuclear power plant starting and stopping operation process is realized by the conventional control system of the power plant and the automatic starting and stopping system of the nuclear power plant on the upper layer together, and the control specifically comprises the following steps: when the automatic starting and stopping system of the nuclear power plant is not put into use, the conventional control system controls the starting and stopping process of the power plant; when the automatic start-stop system of the nuclear power plant is put into operation, the conventional control system provides support for the automatic start-stop system of the nuclear power plant, and automatic start-stop control of the power plant is realized;
b) dividing equipment with automation conditions into the automatic start-stop system of the nuclear power plant;
c) the manual operation is adopted for the on-site inspection project and the periodic test project in the process of the safety-related operation and the unit starting preparation which are required to be carried out manually.
Further, in the design method of the automatic start-stop and intelligent monitoring system of the nuclear power plant as described above, in step S3, the design principle of the automatic start-stop system function group of the nuclear power plant includes:
a) the function group sets a starting permission condition before starting, wherein the starting permission condition comprises the following steps: checking the completion condition of the preposed step sequence and the availability of the equipment to be started; checking the operation trend of the technological parameters of the key main system of the unit; checking the operating state of the core security-related functional group;
b) the function group can be independently executed to complete a specific control function and can also be called in the starting and stopping process of the unit;
c) and setting a manual pause function for pausing the unexpected automatic start-stop process as soon as possible, and triggering the next equipment-level control unit close to the interruption after triggering the manual pause function.
Still further, according to the design method of the automatic start-stop and intelligent monitoring system of the nuclear power plant, the key main system process parameters comprise steam turbine power, primary circuit pressure, primary circuit temperature, primary circuit water charge and reactor nuclear power.
Further, in the design method of the automatic start-stop and intelligent monitoring system of the nuclear power plant as described above, the design method of the closed-loop adjusting function of the main process parameters of the automatic start-stop system of the nuclear power plant in step S5 is as follows:
analyzing the change process of each main process parameter in the starting and stopping operation process of the nuclear power plant to obtain an operation diagram of each main process parameter, and dividing the adjusting stage of each main process parameter according to the operation diagram;
defining constraint conditions of each adjusting stage according to the divided adjusting stages of each main process parameter;
and setting control rules of main process parameters of the automatic nuclear power plant start-stop system based on the constraint conditions, so that the design of the full-working-condition-range closed-loop automatic adjusting function of the main process parameters of the automatic nuclear power plant start-stop system is realized.
Still further, according to the design method of the automatic start-stop and intelligent monitoring system of the nuclear power plant, the constraint conditions include the variation range and the adjustment rate of each adjustment stage.
Further, in the design method of the automatic start-stop and intelligent monitoring system of the nuclear power plant as described above, the design method of the unit start-stop process operation state intelligent monitoring module in step S6 is as follows:
analyzing the starting and stopping operation process of the nuclear power plant and the monitoring work responsibility of an operator in the starting and stopping process, and determining key main system process parameters needing to be monitored in the operation process of the automatic starting and stopping system of the nuclear power plant;
monitoring the technological parameters of the key main system based on a data-driven parameter estimation technology, and taking a monitoring result as one of starting permission conditions of each functional group;
and when the running state of the key main system process parameter is abnormal, locking the execution action of the current function group and giving an alarm to prompt an operator to pay attention.
Further, in the design method of the automatic start-stop and intelligent monitoring system of the nuclear power plant as described above, the integrated design method of the automatic start-stop sequence control system of the nuclear power plant and the closed-loop main process parameter adjustment system in step S7 specifically includes:
when the automatic start-stop system of the nuclear power plant is put into operation, each regulating loop of the analog quantity control system is set to be an automatic position, and when the sequence control function group of the automatic start-stop system of the nuclear power plant executes corresponding steps, an automatic input instruction is sent out, so that the corresponding technological parameter regulating system is automatically input.
Further, according to the design method of the automatic start-stop and intelligent monitoring system of the nuclear power plant, in the step S8, the man-machine interface of the automatic start-stop system of the nuclear power plant includes a start mode general interface and a stop mode general interface, the start mode general interface is used for displaying a function group general diagram, the function groups are arranged according to the start sequence according to the process sequence of the start and stop of the unit, all the function groups included in the start process are displayed, and the related function groups can be directly put into operation according to the sequence through a start button on the interface.
The design method of the automatic start-stop and intelligent monitoring system for the nuclear power plant has the following remarkable technical effects:
(1) the design method is used as an ANPS technical method special for the nuclear power field, is suitable for an automatic start-stop system of a nuclear power unit, and can greatly improve the automation technical level of the nuclear power field.
(2) Compared with manual operation of an operator, after automatic start and stop are realized, about 5 hours of running time can be saved in the process of temperature rise and pressure rise in the starting stage of the power plant, 1000MW electric power meter and on-line electricity price estimation of the nuclear power plant in China are used, and for each unit, the economic benefit of 40 ten thousand RMB can be generated by saving 1 hour of start or stop time.
(3) The input of the ANPS system of the nuclear power plant can reduce the operation load of an operator by 40% and the monitoring load by 25% in the starting and stopping stage of the nuclear power plant, the work load of operators is reduced, the probability of misoperation and operation leakage is reduced, the possibility of starting and stopping accidents of the nuclear power plant is reduced, and the operation safety of the nuclear power plant is improved.
(4) The ANPS system is realized, the control system is required to complete the whole-process control of each system, and corresponding control strategies are adopted to overcome the adverse factors, so that each control parameter has good stability and accuracy, and the control performance of the nuclear power unit is improved.
(5) The verification and confirmation process ensures the correctness and rationality of the ANPS design and effectively improves the quality of the design result.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a design method of an automatic start-stop and intelligent monitoring system of a nuclear power plant provided by the invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an ANPS-based man-machine interaction relationship for start-stop operation of a nuclear power plant;
FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating an exemplary sequential functional flow in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a fishbone diagram illustrating the variation of the average temperature of the primary loop coolant during the "ramp up and ramp up" phase in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a "startup overview interface" of a nuclear power plant ANPS system in an embodiment of the present disclosure.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described with reference to specific embodiments and drawings attached to the description.
Fig. 1 shows a flowchart of a design method of an automatic start-stop and intelligent monitoring system for a nuclear power plant, which is provided by the embodiment of the invention, and the method includes the following steps:
step 1, task analysis of a nuclear power plant start-stop operation process: and performing task analysis on the starting, stopping and operating processes of the nuclear power plant based on the overall operating regulations of the nuclear power plant and relevant operating files thereof.
In order to complete the task analysis of the nuclear power plant start-stop operation process, the step firstly combs the overall operation task of the nuclear power plant start-stop process based on the overall operation regulation of the mature nuclear power plant and related operation files thereof, and decomposes the overall operation task to obtain a plurality of subtasks, wherein the operation target of each subtask can be realized through the subfunction of the related system; and then, performing layer-by-layer decomposition on the operation function, wherein the operation function comprises 7 layers of a total target, sub-targets, a second-layer sub-target, an operation function, a system sub-function, equipment and the like of the start-stop operation of the nuclear power plant, and the analysis depth directly reaches the specific operation equipment.
Step 2, determining the design range of the ANPS system of the nuclear power plant: and determining a man-machine function distribution principle in the starting and stopping operation process based on a task analysis result of the nuclear power plant starting and stopping operation process and the existing power plant operation experience, and obtaining the design range of the ANPS system of the nuclear power plant.
FIG. 2 shows a schematic diagram of a man-machine interaction relationship of start-stop operation of a nuclear power plant based on ANPS, and the principle of man-machine function allocation in the process of start-stop operation established by the invention comprises:
a) the control of the start-stop operation process of the nuclear power plant can be realized by a conventional control system of the power plant and an upper-layer ANPS system control logic together. When the ANPS system is not put into use, the conventional control system realizes the control of the starting and stopping process of the power plant; when the ANPS system is put into operation, the conventional control system provides support for the ANPS system, and automatic start-stop control of a power plant is realized;
b) combing the automation conditions of nuclear power technology, control equipment and the like, and dividing equipment with the automation conditions into an ANPS control system;
c) under the requirement of high reliability and high safety of a nuclear power plant, manual operation is still adopted for on-site inspection projects and regular test projects in the process of preparing unit start-up and safety-related operation operations (including criticality reaching, reactor protection system locking, atmosphere emission mode switching, feedwater switching and the like) which must be performed manually.
And analyzing and screening the start-stop operation task functions of the nuclear power plant based on a man-machine function distribution principle in the start-stop operation process, wherein after the man-machine function is distributed, a corresponding function range needs to be executed by an ANPS (automatic programming system) of the nuclear power plant.
Step 3, designing a functional group of the ANPS control system of the nuclear power plant: based on the high reliability and high safety requirements of the nuclear power plant, the design principle of the ANPS function group of the nuclear power plant is determined, and the function group design is carried out within the design range of the ANPS control system of the nuclear power plant.
The ANPS system adopts a pyramid hierarchical control structure, the unit control level does not directly instruct a conventional control system to drive equipment, more, the equipment is called by managing a function group, and the function group is an intermediate link of the whole ANPS. The design principle of the ANPS functional group of the nuclear power plant established by the invention is as follows:
a) the function group sets a start permitting condition before starting, and the start permitting condition comprises:
from the step performability perspective, checking the completion condition of the preposed step sequence and the availability of the equipment to be started;
from the perspective of the stability of the overall operation state of the nuclear power plant, the operation trend of the process parameters of a key main system of the unit is checked, wherein the process parameters of the key main system comprise steam turbine power, primary circuit pressure, primary circuit temperature, primary circuit water charge, reactor nuclear power and the like;
from the perspective of nuclear safety, the operation states of nuclear safety related functional groups such as core cooling, primary system integrity and secondary hot traps are checked.
b) In order to improve the safety and flexibility of the ANPS system of the nuclear power plant, the function group can be independently executed to complete a specific control function and can also be called in the starting and stopping process of the unit;
c) in order to facilitate the suspension of the unexpected automatic start-stop process as quickly as possible, a manual pause function is provided. After triggering the manual pause function, the next device level control unit adjacent to the interrupt is triggered.
Based on the design principle of the ANPS functional groups of the nuclear power plant, the ANPS system of the nuclear power plant is designed into functional groups within the design range in the step 2, and all equipment is divided into the functional groups according to the process flow and the operation function, so that the functional groups meet the start-stop operation requirements of all the subsystems of the unit.
Step 4, designing a sequential control function flow of the ANPS of the nuclear power plant: and designing a sequence control flow of the ANPS (nuclear power plant ANPS) based on the universal step logic function block and the sequence function flow chart.
The ANPS functional group of the nuclear power plant carries out step control, namely starting, stopping and controlling of equipment are realized one by one according to a preset operation sequence. The method comprises the steps of combing instructions, feedback and starting permission conditions of each step, and designing a sequence control process of the ANPS according to a general step sequence logic function block and a sequence function flow chart.
Step 5, designing a main process parameter closed-loop adjusting function of the ANPS system of the nuclear power plant: the method comprises the steps of analyzing the change process of each main process parameter in the starting and stopping operation process of the nuclear power plant, dividing different parameter adjusting stages, defining the range, the adjusting rate and other information of each adjusting stage, and designing the main process parameter closed-loop adjusting function of the ANPS of the nuclear power plant.
Firstly, analyzing the variation process of each main process parameter in the starting and stopping operation process of the nuclear power plant to obtain an operation fishbone diagram of each main process parameter, wherein the operation fishbone diagram is used for dividing the adjustment stage of each main process parameter; then, according to the divided different parameter adjusting stages, defining the change range, adjusting rate and other constraint conditions of each stage; and finally, setting control rules of all main process parameters of the ANPS system based on the defined constraint conditions so as to realize the full-working-condition-range closed-loop automatic adjustment function of all the main process parameters of the ANPS system of the nuclear power plant.
Step 6, designing a unit start-stop process running state intelligent monitoring module of the nuclear power plant ANPS system: the method comprises the steps of setting an intelligent monitoring module of the operation state of the nuclear power plant ANPS system in the starting and stopping process aiming at key main system process parameters in the starting and stopping process of the nuclear power plant.
Firstly, determining key main system process parameters needing to be monitored in the operation process of an ANPS system of the nuclear power plant by analyzing the start-stop operation process of the nuclear power plant and the monitoring work responsibility of an operator in the start-stop process; and then, monitoring key main system process parameters in the starting and stopping operation process based on a data-driven parameter estimation technology, wherein a monitoring result is used as one of starting permission conditions of each function group, and when the process parameter operation state is abnormal, the execution action of the current function group is locked and an alarm is given out to prompt operators to pay attention to the operation action, so that misoperation of the system is avoided, and the operation safety of the power plant is ensured.
Step 7, nuclear power plant ANPS system integration: the nuclear power plant ANPS sequential control system, the main process parameter closed-loop adjusting system and the intelligent monitoring module are integrated to form the nuclear power plant ANPS system, so that the automatic control of the starting and stopping of the nuclear power plant is realized.
In order to realize the integrated design of the ANPS sequential control system and the main process parameter closed-loop regulation system, an automatic bootstrap concept is provided, namely when the ANPS system of the nuclear power plant is put into operation, each regulation loop of the analog quantity control system is set to be an automatic position, and when the sequential control function group of the ANPS system executes corresponding steps, an automatic input instruction is sent out to enable the corresponding process parameter regulation system to be automatically input.
Step 8, designing the man-machine interface function of the ANPS system of the nuclear power plant: and designing a human-computer interface of the ANPS system of the nuclear power plant according to the organization structure of the ANPS system of the nuclear power plant.
Setting a starting mode general interface and a stopping mode general interface of the ANPS system of the nuclear power plant as general appearances of the ANPS system according to the organization structure of the ANPS system of the nuclear power plant, wherein the interface contents comprise operation and control information design of a unit control level; setting a breakpoint detailed interface and a function group control interface, wherein the interface content comprises the operation and control information design of each function group level; the individual equipment control levels are primarily in the interfaces associated with the functional group step sequence and the corresponding process system interfaces.
And 9, verifying and confirming the design scheme of the ANPS system of the nuclear power plant.
And after the whole design scheme of the steps 1-8 is completed, implementing related design schemes including single module verification, integration verification and the like on a design verification platform of the nuclear power plant. If the verification confirms that the problems exist in the process, the step 1 needs to be returned again, and the original design scheme is adjusted and optimized necessarily until the requirements of the function and performance indexes are met.
To describe the technical scheme of the invention more clearly, a detailed description is given by taking a "primary loop temperature and pressure raising" stage in the starting process of a large pressurized water reactor nuclear power plant as an example.
Step one, task analysis of nuclear power plant starting operation process
By applying the technical scheme of the invention, step 1, task analysis is carried out on a 'primary loop heating and boosting' stage in the starting process of a pressurized water reactor nuclear power plant, the overall operation tasks of the power plant are decomposed layer by layer based on the overall operation rule of a mature nuclear power plant and related files thereof, the depth of analysis reaches specific operation equipment directly, and the analysis is finally divided into 7 layers. The task analysis of the temperature and pressure raising phase during the unit start-up is shown in table 1.
TABLE 1 example of the analysis of the overall run-time duty of the ramp-up and ramp-up during startup
Step two, determining the design range of the ANPS system of the nuclear power plant
Based on task analysis of a temperature rise and pressure rise stage in the process of starting and stopping the nuclear power plant and the existing power plant operation experience, the design range of the ANPS system of the nuclear power plant is determined by applying the man-machine function allocation principle in the step 2 of the technical scheme.
Principle a): the ANPS system is designed based on an independent hardware system, related functions are realized by performing real-time information interaction with the DCS, and when the ANPS system is not used, the starting and stopping processes of the power plant are still controlled by a conventional DCS and an operator; when the ANPS system is put into operation, the conventional control system provides support for the ANPS system, and automatic start-stop control of the nuclear power plant is achieved together.
Principle b): combing the automation conditions of nuclear power technology, control equipment and the like, and dividing equipment with automation conditions such as a main pump and the like into an ANPS control system;
principle c): for the on-site inspection items such as "confirming the flow rate through the boron meter on site" and the like, and the safety-related operation operations which must be performed manually, manual operations are still employed.
Through the analysis, the design range of the ANPS system of the nuclear power plant is determined.
Step three, designing functional group of ANPS control system of nuclear power plant
Based on the ANPS system design range in the step 2, the functional group of the ANPS system of the nuclear power plant is designed by applying the step 3 of the technical scheme of the invention.
Based on the design principle of the functional groups of the ANPS of the nuclear power plant, the design of the functional groups of the ANPS system of the nuclear power plant is completed, and then all equipment is divided into the functional groups according to the process flow and the operation function, so that the functional groups meet the start-stop operation requirements of all subsystems of the unit.
Step four, designing the sequence control function process of the ANPS of the nuclear power plant
Based on the starting task analysis in the temperature rising and pressure rising stage in the step 1 and the function group design in the step 3, the method adopts the technical scheme that the step 4 is used for designing the sequential control flow of the ANPS in the nuclear power plant. Firstly combing the instruction, feedback and starting permission conditions of each step, and then designing the sequence control flow of the ANPS according to the general step logic function block and the sequence function flow chart.
Taking the initial step "RCS 001PO, 002PO, 003PO operation (using pump heating to continue increasing reactor coolant temperature)" as an example, the corresponding preconditions are "upper charge flow control is automatic, lower discharge flow is at RCV lower discharge orifice plate, RHR is out of operation, isolated from RCS, steam generator is fed by TFS"; the starting condition for the next step is that "RCS 037MP,039MP rise rate is greater than 0.4 MPa/min". The sequence function flow chart corresponding to the temperature raising and pressure raising stage is shown in fig. 3.
Step five, designing a main process parameter closed-loop adjusting function of the ANPS system of the nuclear power plant
By applying the technical scheme of the invention, step 5, the closed-loop adjusting function of the main process parameters of the ANPS of the nuclear power plant is designed. In a 'primary circuit temperature and pressure rise' stage in the starting process of a nuclear power plant, the average temperature of primary circuit coolant has strict temperature rise requirements, a corresponding operation fishbone diagram is obtained through analysis and is shown in figure 4, and the temperature rise process of the average temperature of the primary circuit coolant can be divided into three adjusting stages. Taking the third stage as an example, the temperature variation range is 180-291.7 ℃, and based on the temperature rise range and the constraint conditions such as relevant operation, the control rule is set, for example: when the nuclear power unit reaches a rated working condition, the average temperature of the coolant in the primary loop reaches 291.7 ℃, and the rise is stopped. And finally, completing the full-working-condition-range closed-loop automatic regulation function design of each main process parameter of the ANPS system of the nuclear power plant based on a closed-loop control system of the average temperature of the coolant in the primary loop and the set control rules.
Step six, designing an intelligent monitoring module for the unit start-stop process running state of the ANPS system of the nuclear power plant
By applying the technical scheme of the invention, step 7, an intelligent monitoring module for the operation state of the nuclear power plant ANPS system in the starting and stopping process is arranged. Firstly, analyzing an operation task of a 'primary loop temperature and pressure rise' stage and monitoring work responsibility of an operator in a starting process of a nuclear power plant, and determining key main system process parameters needing to be monitored in an ANPS (artificial neural networks) system operation process of the nuclear power plant, wherein the key main system process parameters comprise: loop pressure, loop temperature, etc.; and then, monitoring the key main system process parameters in a loop heating and boosting stage in the starting process based on a data-driven parameter estimation technology, wherein the monitoring result is used as one of starting permission conditions of each function group, and when the process parameter running state is abnormal, the execution action of the current function group is locked and an alarm is given out until an operator confirms the process parameter, so that the misoperation of the system is avoided, and the running safety of the power plant is ensured.
Step seven, integrated design of ANPS system of nuclear power plant
By applying the technical scheme of the invention, step 7, the integrated design of the ANPS system of the nuclear power plant is completed, and the automatic control of the temperature rise and pressure rise stage in the starting process of the nuclear power plant is realized.
Step eight, designing human-computer interface function of ANPS system of nuclear power plant
By applying the technical scheme of the invention, step 8, a man-machine interface picture of the ANPS system of the nuclear power plant is designed. The interfaces of the ANPS system comprise a starting interface and a stopping interface, wherein the starting interface is organized in a general-minute mode and comprises a starting general interface and a plurality of function group interfaces, and the starting general interface of the ANPS system of the nuclear power plant obtained by the embodiment is shown in the attached figure 5. The starting general interface is used for displaying a function group general diagram, arranging all function groups according to the starting sequence of the unit starting and stopping process sequence, displaying all the function groups included in the starting process, and directly delivering related function groups according to the sequence through a starting key on the interface, wherein a round lamp in front of each subgroup represents the current state of the function group, green represents that the function group is delivered, red represents that the function group is not delivered, and meanwhile, a square button corresponding to the round lamp can be used for calling the corresponding function group interface.
Step nine, evaluating whether a design result meets the requirements of the nuclear power plant on-off operation function through design verification analysis
After the whole design scheme is completed, the related design scheme including single module verification, integration verification and the like is implemented on a design verification platform of the nuclear power plant. Step 9 of the technical scheme of the invention is used for verifying whether the related design scheme meets the function and performance indexes determined at the beginning of design. If the verification confirms that the problems exist in the process, the step 1 needs to be returned again, and the original design scheme is adjusted and optimized necessarily until the requirements of the function and performance indexes are met.
The design method of the automatic start-stop and intelligent monitoring system of the nuclear power plant provided by the invention takes a large commercial pressurized water reactor nuclear power unit as a research object, and simultaneously provides a nuclear power plant start-stop process task analysis method based on a general operation rule, a man-machine function distribution principle of a nuclear power plant start-stop operation process, a design principle of a nuclear power plant ANPS functional group, a main process parameter closed-loop regulation function design method of a nuclear power plant ANPS system and an intelligent start-stop process state monitoring method, wherein the ANPS system designed by the method has the following functions:
in the aspect of system control functions, in the starting, stopping and running processes of the nuclear power plant, operators only need a small amount of manual operation, namely, related equipment of the nuclear power plant automatically acts according to a safety starting and stopping specified sequence and time intervals, and the operators only need to monitor the execution condition of each program, so that a large amount of complicated operations are reduced;
in the design of an ANPS control system, strict safe starting conditions are set, no matter automatic sequential operation or automatic operation of single equipment is carried out, as long as the safe starting conditions are not met, locking is carried out and an alarm is sent out until an operator confirms the safe starting conditions, so that misoperation of the system is avoided, and the operation safety of a power plant is ensured;
in the aspect of starting and stopping state monitoring, aiming at the automatic starting and stopping operation process of a nuclear power plant, a unit starting and stopping process operation state intelligent monitoring module is arranged, and intelligent dynamic trend monitoring is carried out on important operation state parameters in the starting and stopping operation process. When the variation trend of the important operation parameters has abnormal deviation, an operator is prompted to pay attention to the parameters, maintenance measures are timely taken or the start-stop program which is being executed is paused, the state deterioration of the unit is prevented, and the safety and the economy of the automatic start-stop process of the nuclear power plant are improved.
The above-described embodiments are merely illustrative of the present invention, which may be embodied in other specific forms or in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics thereof. The described embodiments are, therefore, to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive. The scope of the invention should be indicated by the appended claims, and any changes that are equivalent to the intent and scope of the claims should be construed to be included therein.
Claims (10)
1. A design method of an automatic start-stop and intelligent monitoring system of a nuclear power plant comprises the following steps:
s1, performing task analysis on the nuclear power plant starting and stopping operation process based on the overall operation regulation and relevant operation files of the nuclear power plant to obtain a task analysis result;
s2, determining a man-machine function distribution principle in the starting and stopping operation process based on the task analysis result and the existing power plant operation experience, and obtaining the design range of the automatic starting and stopping system of the nuclear power plant;
s3, determining a design principle of a function group of the automatic start-stop system of the nuclear power plant based on the high reliability and high safety requirements of the nuclear power plant, and designing the function group in the design range of the automatic start-stop system of the nuclear power plant;
s4, designing a sequence control flow of the automatic start-stop system of the nuclear power plant based on the general step sequence logic function block and the sequence function flow chart;
s5, analyzing the change process of each main process parameter in the starting and stopping operation process of the nuclear power plant, and designing the main process parameter closed-loop regulation function of the automatic starting and stopping system of the nuclear power plant;
s6, designing an intelligent monitoring module for the unit start-stop process running state of the automatic start-stop system of the nuclear power plant aiming at key main system process parameters in the start-stop process of the nuclear power plant;
s7, integrating an automatic start-stop sequence control system of the nuclear power plant, a main process parameter closed-loop regulation system and an intelligent monitoring module to form an automatic start-stop system of the nuclear power plant and realize automatic start-stop control of the nuclear power plant;
s8, designing a human-computer interface of the automatic start-stop system of the nuclear power plant according to the organization structure of the automatic start-stop system of the nuclear power plant;
and S9, verifying and confirming the design scheme of the automatic start-stop system of the nuclear power plant.
2. The design method of the automatic start-stop and intelligent monitoring system of the nuclear power plant according to claim 1, wherein the task analysis of the start-stop operation process of the nuclear power plant in the step S1 specifically comprises:
and decomposing the overall operation tasks of the nuclear power plant start-stop process layer by layer, wherein the decomposed layers comprise the general target, the sub-targets, the two-layer sub-targets, the operation functions, the system sub-functions and the equipment of the nuclear power plant start-stop operation.
3. The design method of the automatic start-stop and intelligent monitoring system of the nuclear power plant according to claim 2, wherein the man-machine function distribution principle in the step S2 includes:
a) the control of the nuclear power plant starting and stopping operation process is realized by the conventional control system of the power plant and the automatic starting and stopping system of the nuclear power plant on the upper layer together, and the control specifically comprises the following steps: when the automatic starting and stopping system of the nuclear power plant is not put into use, the conventional control system controls the starting and stopping process of the power plant; when the automatic start-stop system of the nuclear power plant is put into operation, the conventional control system provides support for the automatic start-stop system of the nuclear power plant, and automatic start-stop control of the power plant is realized;
b) dividing equipment with automation conditions into the automatic start-stop system of the nuclear power plant;
c) the manual operation is adopted for the on-site inspection project and the periodic test project in the process of the safety-related operation and the unit starting preparation which are required to be carried out manually.
4. The design method of the automatic start-stop and intelligent monitoring system of the nuclear power plant according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the design principle of the functional group of the automatic start-stop system of the nuclear power plant in the step S3 includes:
a) the function group sets a starting permission condition before starting, wherein the starting permission condition comprises the following steps: checking the completion condition of the preposed step sequence and the availability of the equipment to be started; checking the operation trend of the process parameters of the key main system of the unit; checking the operating state of the core security-related functional group;
b) the function group can be independently executed to complete a specific control function and can also be called in the starting and stopping process of the unit;
c) and setting a manual pause function for pausing the unexpected automatic start-stop process as soon as possible, and triggering the next equipment-level control unit close to the interruption after triggering the manual pause function.
5. The design method of the automatic start-stop and intelligent monitoring system of the nuclear power plant according to claim 4, wherein the key main system process parameters comprise steam turbine power, primary circuit pressure, primary circuit temperature, primary circuit water charge and reactor nuclear power.
6. The design method of the automatic start-stop and intelligent monitoring system of the nuclear power plant according to claim 1, wherein in the step S5, the design method of the closed-loop adjusting function of the main process parameters of the automatic start-stop system of the nuclear power plant comprises the following steps:
analyzing the change process of each main process parameter in the starting and stopping operation process of the nuclear power plant to obtain an operation diagram of each main process parameter, and dividing the adjusting stage of each main process parameter according to the operation diagram;
defining constraint conditions of each adjusting stage according to the divided adjusting stages of each main process parameter;
and setting control rules of main process parameters of the automatic nuclear power plant start-stop system based on the constraint conditions, so that the design of the full-working-condition-range closed-loop automatic adjusting function of the main process parameters of the automatic nuclear power plant start-stop system is realized.
7. The design method of the automatic start-stop and intelligent monitoring system of the nuclear power plant according to claim 6, wherein the constraint condition comprises a change range and an adjustment rate of each adjustment stage.
8. The design method of the automatic start-stop and intelligent monitoring system of the nuclear power plant according to claim 1, wherein the design method of the unit start-stop process operation state intelligent monitoring module in the step S6 is as follows:
analyzing the starting and stopping operation process of the nuclear power plant and the monitoring work responsibility of an operator in the starting and stopping process, and determining key main system process parameters needing to be monitored in the operation process of the automatic starting and stopping system of the nuclear power plant;
monitoring the technological parameters of the key main system based on a data-driven parameter estimation technology, and taking a monitoring result as one of starting permission conditions of each functional group;
and when the running state of the process parameters of the key main system is abnormal, locking the execution action of the current function group and giving an alarm to prompt operators to pay attention.
9. The design method of the automatic start-stop and intelligent monitoring system of the nuclear power plant according to claim 8, wherein the integrated design method of the automatic start-stop sequence control system of the nuclear power plant and the closed-loop main process parameter adjustment system in step S7 specifically comprises the following steps:
when the automatic start-stop system of the nuclear power plant is put into operation, each regulating loop of the analog quantity control system is set to be an automatic position, and when the sequence control function group of the automatic start-stop system of the nuclear power plant executes corresponding steps, an automatic input instruction is sent out, so that the corresponding technological parameter regulating system is automatically input.
10. The design method of the automatic start-stop and intelligent monitoring system of the nuclear power plant according to any one of claims 6 to 9, wherein the human-computer interface of the automatic start-stop system of the nuclear power plant in step S8 includes a start mode general interface and a stop mode general interface, the start mode general interface is used for displaying a function group general view, the function groups are arranged according to the start sequence according to the process sequence of the start and stop of the unit, all the function groups included in the start process are displayed, and the related function groups can be directly put into operation according to the sequence through a start button on the interface.
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