CN109659053B - Task analysis method for operation strategy development - Google Patents
Task analysis method for operation strategy development Download PDFInfo
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- CN109659053B CN109659053B CN201811294950.4A CN201811294950A CN109659053B CN 109659053 B CN109659053 B CN 109659053B CN 201811294950 A CN201811294950 A CN 201811294950A CN 109659053 B CN109659053 B CN 109659053B
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the design technology of nuclear power plant operation regulations, and provides a task analysis method for operation strategy development. The method comprises the steps of analyzing functional requirements and analyzing operation tasks, wherein the functional requirements are analyzed from a total operation target of the nuclear power plant and are decomposed layer by layer to obtain all operation functions of the nuclear power plant and all systems, sub-functions, equipment and support systems related to each function; the operation task analysis is to analyze and decompose the operation task from the task of the nuclear power plant operation on the basis of the function requirement analysis, and finally form an operation strategy framework for completing the operation task of the nuclear power plant, so as to provide reference for the development of the operation strategy. The invention ensures the completeness of the operation means selected from the operation strategy, and can provide a feasible, reasonable and effective operation strategy formulation method for a new heap without operation experience reference.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to a design technology of an operation regulation of a nuclear power plant, and particularly relates to a task analysis method for operation strategy development.
Background
The nuclear power plant operation regulation is an operation file for guiding nuclear power plant operators to perform various operations and monitoring on a unit system and handle system and equipment faults and various accidents. Taking a domestic pressurized water reactor nuclear power plant as an example, an operation regulation system generally comprises a system regulation, a total operation regulation, an alarm regulation, a fault operation regulation, an accident operation regulation, a serious accident management guide rule and the like, and the power plant working conditions suitable for various operation regulations are different. The effectiveness and rationality of various operation regulations of the nuclear power plant have important significance for ensuring the safe operation of the nuclear power plant and the economic benefit of the nuclear power plant.
The operating strategy is the most central component of the operating protocol. As the nuclear power technology in China is started late and reaches the advanced level of the world as soon as possible in the early development stage, a batch of foreign nuclear power units are introduced, and the operation regulation systems adopted by nuclear power plants in various countries and the operation strategies under various working conditions are introduced. The operating regulations adopted by the traditional nuclear power plant in China mostly refer to foreign countries, the operating strategies of the regulations are mostly introduced from the regulations of the similar foreign units, and certain modification or adjustment is carried out aiming at design improvement or operation experience feedback. At present, in the field of operation strategies of operation regulations of nuclear power plants, the number of related domestic guide documents is small, operability regulation or guidance is lacked, and research on the related domestic guide documents is less. With the design and construction and the 'going-out' propulsion requirements of the three-generation nuclear reactor type independently developed in China, an independent and independent nuclear power plant operation regulation development program needs to be established, and a feasible, reasonable and effective operation strategy development method is provided.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a task analysis method for operation strategy development, which is a feasible method for determining an operation strategy by analyzing and determining the requirement for completing the operation task of a nuclear power plant and establishing the relation between the operation task and the design of the nuclear power plant through functional requirement analysis.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: a task analysis method for operation strategy development comprises function demand analysis and operation task analysis, wherein the function demand analysis is decomposed layer by layer from a total operation target of a nuclear power plant to obtain all operation functions of the nuclear power plant and all systems, sub-functions, equipment and support systems related to each function; the operation task analysis is to analyze and decompose an operation task from the task of the nuclear power plant operation on the basis of the function requirement analysis, and finally form an operation strategy framework for completing the nuclear power plant operation task; when the functional requirement analysis is decomposed layer by layer, the content of each layer comprises:
layer 1: the general objectives of a nuclear power plant, namely, power generation and radioactive release prevention, are met, and the economic objectives and the safety objectives of the power plant are met;
layer 2: the two-layer sub-target is used for decomposing the power generation target and the target for preventing radioactive release into sub-targets respectively;
layer 3: the three-layer sub-targets further decompose the two-layer sub-target into three-layer sub-targets;
layer 4: function, realizing the function needed by sub-target;
layer 5: a system for implementing a layer 4 function;
layer 6: a subfunction that the layer 5 system has to implement the layer 4 function;
layer 7: the equipment, the equipment for completing the subfunction of the layer 6 and the corresponding method;
layer 8: a support system, a support system of a 7 th layer device.
Further, the task analysis method for operation strategy development as described above, wherein the input of the operation task analysis is the result of the functional requirement analysis, the target of each operation strategy and the design of the nuclear power plant, and the analysis of the operation task includes the following steps:
1) determining a strategy level task which should be completed by a corresponding operation strategy according to the target (namely the operation task) of the operation strategy;
2) the strategy level tasks are further decomposed into system level subtasks by combining with the function demand analysis;
3) analyzing the display requirements, control requirements, commissioning conditions, influences and priorities of the system-level subtasks according to the subfunctions, equipment and a support system layer analyzed according to the functional requirements and in combination with the working conditions responded by the regulations;
4) and integrating to form an operation strategy framework consisting of a series of operation task groups according to the analysis result of the step 3), and providing reference and basis for the development of the operation strategy.
Further, the task analysis method for running policy development as described above, wherein the policy level task in step 1) of running task analysis refers to a task that is not explicit in implementation method, and does not specify a specific system or device required for implementing the task, corresponding to layer 4 — the functional layer of functional requirement analysis.
Further, the task analysis method for running policy development as described above, wherein the system-level subtasks in step 2) of running task analysis refer to tasks that are clear to implement the method, specify specific systems or devices required for implementing the tasks, and correspond to layer 5 of functional requirement analysis, which is the system layer and lower layers below.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
firstly, the task analysis method for operation strategy development provided by the invention establishes the relation between the design of the nuclear power plant and the operation task, and ensures the completeness of the operation means selected in the operation strategy. By adopting the task analysis method, the design of the nuclear power plant and the operation task are linked, and in the determination process of the operation strategy, all systems or equipment related to the functions required for completing the operation task can be directly and comprehensively found out, and all means for completing the related operation task can be found out, so that the completeness of the operation means selected from the operation strategy is ensured.
Secondly, when the operation strategy is customized, the method can effectively identify the affected system and equipment in the process of completing the operation task. According to the task analysis method, all systems and equipment related to a certain function can be analyzed, and through analysis of the applicable conditions, which systems or equipment need to be adjusted (such as starting, stopping and the like) in the process of completing the operation task can be identified so as to adapt to the change of the working condition of the power plant.
And thirdly, for a new heap type without operation experience reference, the invention provides a feasible method for making an operation strategy. For a new reactor type which has no operation experience for reference, the relation between the operation task and the design of the nuclear power plant can be established by the task analysis method, so that a feasible and effective method is provided for providing a reasonable and effective operation strategy.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flowchart of a task analysis method for operation policy development according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in detail below with reference to the figures and examples.
As shown in fig. 1, the present invention provides a task analysis method for operation policy development, which is divided into two parts, namely, a functional requirement analysis and an operation task analysis, which will be described separately below.
First, function requirement analysis
The functional demand analysis is based on the overall operation target (controlled power generation and radioactive emission prevention) of the nuclear power plant, and is carried out by layer decomposition, so that all operation functions of the nuclear power plant and all systems, sub-functions, equipment components and support systems related to each function are finally obtained. Functional requirements the main content of each layer is analyzed as follows:
layer 1: the overall objectives of a nuclear power plant, namely, power generation and prevention of radioactive emissions, are met with the economic and safety objectives of the plant.
Layer 2: and the two-layer sub-target is used for decomposing the power generation target and the target for preventing radioactive release into sub-targets respectively.
Layer 3: and the three-layer sub-targets further decompose the two-layer sub-target into three layers of sub-targets.
Layer 4: and functions, such as reactivity control and the like, required by the sub-targets.
Layer 5: the system is mainly used for realizing the layer 4 function, such as reactivity control can be realized by a rod control system, a chemical capacitance system and other systems.
Layer 6: sub-functions, sub-functions of layer 5 system to implement layer 4 functions, e.g. capacity-changing system with sub-functions of charging and discharging
Layer 7: the device, the device for completing the subfunction of the 6 th layer and the corresponding method, for example, the charging subfunction needs devices such as a charging pump, a charging pipeline valve and the like.
Layer 8: a support system, a support system of the 7 th layer equipment, such as a support system for providing steam supply, power supply, lubrication, cooling and the like for the 7 th layer equipment.
The above described process of functional demand analysis is methodically applicable to various types of nuclear power plants, but for the analysis of a particular plant, its plant design should be used as an input. Therefore, the method and the process for analyzing the functional requirements can be adopted for different types of nuclear power plants; however, the analysis results may be different due to different power plant designs.
Second, running task analysis
The operation task analysis is to analyze and decompose an operation task from the task of the nuclear power plant operation on the basis of the function requirement analysis, and finally form an operation strategy framework for completing the power plant operation task, so as to provide reference for the development of the operation strategy. The inputs of the operation task analysis are the function requirement analysis result, the targets of each operation strategy (i.e. operation tasks) and the design of the power plant. The main steps of running the task analysis are as follows:
1) and determining the strategy level task which should be completed by the corresponding operation strategy according to the target (namely the operation task) of the operation strategy. The strategic level task is an ambiguous task of implementing a method such as "core cooling", and corresponds to a functional layer of functional demand analysis without specifying a specific system or equipment required for implementing the task.
2) And further decomposing the strategy level task into system level subtasks by combining with the function demand analysis. The system level subtask refers to a clear task of realizing methods such as maintaining a secondary side hot trap through auxiliary water supply, cooling a waste heat discharge system and the like, specifies a specific system or equipment required by the task, and corresponds to a functional requirement analysis system layer and a lower layer.
3) In the analysis process of the previous step, one strategic level task can be decomposed into a plurality of system level subtasks, such as 'core cooling' can be decomposed into 'primary charging and discharging cooling by using safety valves and voltage stabilizer safety valves', 'secondary side evaporator cooling' and the like. At this time, the display requirements, control requirements, commissioning conditions, influences, priorities, and the like of the system-level subtasks should be further analyzed according to the sub-functions, device components, and support system layers analyzed according to the functional requirements, in combination with the working conditions handled by the regulations.
4) And according to the analysis result of the last step, integrating to form an operation strategy framework consisting of a series of operation task groups, and providing reference and basis for the development of the operation strategy.
Examples
Taking a certain pressurized water reactor nuclear power plant in China as an example, each layer of the functional requirement analysis is as follows:
layer 1: the general goals of a nuclear power plant, namely power generation and prevention of radioactive emissions.
Layer 2: and the two-layer sub-target decomposes the total target, wherein the total target for power generation can be decomposed into heat energy generation and the like, and the total target for radioactivity release can be prevented from being decomposed into fuel cladding integrity and the like.
Layer 3: and the three-layer sub-targets further decompose the two-layer sub-target into three-layer sub-targets comprising reactivity balance, fuel cladding heat balance and the like. The three sub-targets after the two sub-targets generate heat energy and the integrity of the fuel cladding is decomposed are reactivity balance and fuel cladding heat balance.
Layer 4: and functions for realizing functions required by sub-targets, including reactivity control, loop temperature control and the like. Reactivity control includes overall reactivity control, which is a sub-goal of achieving reactivity balance, and local reactivity control, which is a sub-goal of achieving fuel cladding heat balance. The loop temperature control is a four-layer function of another three-layer sub-target, namely, the sub-target for realizing loop mass-energy balance is realized.
Layer 5: the system is used for realizing the main system of the layer 4 function, taking the temperature control function of a loop as an example, and the system for realizing the function comprises a steam bypass system, a waste heat discharge system and the like.
Layer 6: sub-functions, which the layer 5 system has to fulfill the layer 4 function, include steam atmospheric venting, low pressure heat removal, etc.
Layer 7: and the equipment comprises an atmospheric release valve, a waste heat discharge system heat exchanger and the like. An apparatus and corresponding method for implementing layer 6 subfunctions.
Layer 8: a support system. The equipment and the system realize the support of air supply, power supply, cooling and the like required by functions, and comprise a compressed air system, a power supply system, an equipment cooling water system and the like.
Taking a processing strategy of a nuclear power plant for transition from hot shutdown to cold shutdown as an analysis example, a main analysis process of running task analysis is as follows:
1) for the transition process from hot shutdown to cold shutdown, the temperature, pressure, reactivity and the like of a primary loop need to be controlled, so the primary strategy level tasks are primary loop temperature control, primary loop pressure control, reactivity control and the like.
2) Taking the loop temperature control as an example for analysis, in the functional requirement analysis, all systems, sub-functions, equipment and support systems related to the loop temperature control function are provided, and all means of the loop temperature control can be found out. Therefore, the strategy level task of primary loop temperature control is decomposed into a plurality of system level subtasks, including steam side-discharge cooling, waste heat discharge cooling and the like.
3) Still taking the primary loop temperature control as an example, further according to the functional requirement analysis, the system, the sub-functions, the equipment and the support system corresponding to the primary loop temperature control function, and the specific working condition of transition from hot shutdown to cold shutdown, the display requirement, the control requirement, the commissioning condition, the commissioning influence, the commissioning priority and the like of each system-level sub-task are analyzed, and the temperature control means suitable for the working condition is sorted and screened out.
4) According to all the control means (including the primary circuit temperature control means and other primary circuit pressure control means, reactivity control means and the like in the given example) obtained by the analysis, and the applicable working conditions, commissioning conditions and the like of all the control means, a basic operation strategy framework of the transition process from the hot shutdown to the cold shutdown is formed in an integrated mode.
Through the analysis of the two stages, namely the task analysis of the transition operation strategy from the hot shutdown to the cold shutdown is completed, a basic operation strategy framework can be formed, and thus a basis can be provided for the development of related operation strategies.
For other operating conditions of the pressurized water reactor nuclear power plant, the operating tasks are different, but the reactivity, the primary circuit temperature, the primary circuit pressure, the primary circuit water content and the like are all controlled, and the analysis and the integration can be carried out according to the analysis results of the functions for controlling the parameters in the function demand analysis to form a basic operation strategy framework.
For other pressurized water reactor nuclear power plants and other types of nuclear power plants, due to the difference in design, the result of functional requirement analysis is different from that of the pressurized water reactor nuclear power plant, the operation tasks and the operation regulation system structure may have difference, but the applicability of the task analysis method provided by the invention to the task analysis method is not influenced, and the analysis method and the analysis process can still be applied for analysis.
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made in the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Thus, if such modifications and variations of the present invention fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention and their equivalents, the present invention is intended to include such modifications and variations.
Claims (4)
1. A task analysis method for operation strategy development is characterized in that: the method comprises the steps of analyzing functional requirements and analyzing operation tasks, wherein the functional requirements are analyzed from a total operation target of the nuclear power plant and are decomposed layer by layer to obtain all operation functions of the nuclear power plant and all systems, sub-functions, equipment and support systems related to each function; the operation task analysis is to analyze and decompose an operation task from the task of the nuclear power plant operation on the basis of the function requirement analysis, and finally form an operation strategy framework of the nuclear power plant operation task; when the functional requirement analysis is decomposed layer by layer, the content of each layer comprises:
layer 1: the general objectives of a nuclear power plant, namely, power generation and radioactive release prevention, are met, and the economic objectives and the safety objectives of the power plant are met;
layer 2: the two-layer sub-target is used for decomposing the power generation target and the target for preventing radioactive release into sub-targets respectively;
layer 3: the three-layer sub-targets further decompose the two-layer sub-target into three-layer sub-targets;
layer 4: the functions required by three layers of sub-targets are realized;
layer 5: a system for implementing a layer 4 function;
layer 6: a subfunction that the layer 5 system has to implement the layer 4 function;
layer 7: the equipment, the equipment for completing the subfunction of the layer 6 and the corresponding method;
layer 8: a support system, a support system of a 7 th layer device.
2. The task analysis method for running policy development according to claim 1, characterized in that: the input of the operation task analysis is the result of the function requirement analysis, the target of each operation strategy and the design of the nuclear power plant, and the operation task analysis comprises the following steps:
1) determining a strategy level task which should be completed by a corresponding operation strategy according to the target of the operation strategy;
2) the strategy level tasks are further decomposed into system level subtasks by combining with the function demand analysis;
3) analyzing the display requirements, control requirements, commissioning conditions, influences and priorities of the system-level subtasks according to the subfunctions, equipment and a support system layer analyzed according to the functional requirements and in combination with the working conditions responded by the regulations;
4) and integrating to form an operation strategy framework consisting of a series of operation task groups according to the analysis result of the step 3), and providing reference and basis for the development of the operation strategy.
3. The task analysis method for running policy development according to claim 2, characterized in that: the policy level task described in step 1) of running task analysis refers to a task whose implementation method is ambiguous, and does not specify a specific system or device required for implementing the task, corresponding to layer 4 — the functional layer of functional requirement analysis.
4. The task analysis method for running policy development according to claim 2, characterized in that: the system level subtasks described in step 2) of running task analysis refer to tasks whose implementation methods are clear, specify specific systems or devices required for implementing the tasks, and correspond to layer 5 of functional requirement analysis, i.e., the system layer and the lower layers below.
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| CN111738557A (en) * | 2020-05-25 | 2020-10-02 | 中国核电工程有限公司 | Water supply control strategy design method for symptom oriented accident treatment of nuclear power plant |
| CN112117018B (en) * | 2020-08-26 | 2023-12-22 | 中国核电工程有限公司 | Comprehensive function analysis method for man-machine interface design of nuclear power plant control room |
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| CN102208222A (en) * | 2011-03-29 | 2011-10-05 | 中广核工程有限公司 | Control method and system thereof of nuclear power plant operation |
| CN105118538A (en) * | 2015-07-21 | 2015-12-02 | 中国核电工程有限公司 | System function requirement analysis method based on nuclear power plant control room design |
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| CN102208222A (en) * | 2011-03-29 | 2011-10-05 | 中广核工程有限公司 | Control method and system thereof of nuclear power plant operation |
| CN105118538A (en) * | 2015-07-21 | 2015-12-02 | 中国核电工程有限公司 | System function requirement analysis method based on nuclear power plant control room design |
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