CN106683727B - Fault monitoring method in accident processing - Google Patents
Fault monitoring method in accident processing Download PDFInfo
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- CN106683727B CN106683727B CN201611189428.0A CN201611189428A CN106683727B CN 106683727 B CN106683727 B CN 106683727B CN 201611189428 A CN201611189428 A CN 201611189428A CN 106683727 B CN106683727 B CN 106683727B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
- G21D—NUCLEAR POWER PLANT
- G21D3/00—Control of nuclear power plant
- G21D3/008—Man-machine interface, e.g. control room layout
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- G—PHYSICS
- G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
- G21D—NUCLEAR POWER PLANT
- G21D3/00—Control of nuclear power plant
- G21D3/04—Safety arrangements
- G21D3/06—Safety arrangements responsive to faults within the plant
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E30/00—Energy generation of nuclear origin
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Abstract
The invention relates to a fault monitoring method in accident processing, which comprises the following steps: appointing an initial event, determining all systems and equipment needing to ensure the functions of the system and equipment in the accident handling process and relevant auxiliary systems and equipment maintaining the functions of the systems and equipment; carrying out failure analysis on the system and the equipment, and determining the probability of the occurrence of the superposition failure of the specified system and equipment; screening out the condition that the occurrence probability of the superposition fault is too low; performing event tree analysis on the remaining stacking faults to determine whether the stacking faults can cause the damage of the reactor core; the superposition fault which can cause the damage of the reactor core is the superposition fault which has important influence on the safety of the unit under the initial event, the related equipment or parameter information is regularly monitored, and corresponding measures are taken in time. The method of the invention can screen the superposition fault which has important influence on the unit safety in the accident handling process, ensure that an operator can quickly find the change of important information, take corresponding measures in time and improve the safety and the economy of the unit.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of accident handling, and particularly relates to a fault monitoring method in accident handling.
Background
Under the condition of the accident operation of the pressurized water reactor nuclear power plant, an operator needs to use an accident operation program. The accident operation program EOP and the measures thereof belong to the third defense line of the nuclear power plant depth defense principle, and are means for relieving accidents and limiting the consequences of the accidents. At present, an event-oriented accident handling technology is generally adopted in domestic nuclear power plants, namely, the evolution process of a single predetermined starting event is analyzed by a method of a deterministic theory, so that corresponding measures are taken to relieve accidents. After the three-mile island accident, in order to improve the capability of the event-oriented method to cope with the superposition failure, a final reactor core protection regulation U1 regulation and a safety engineer regulation SPI/SPU based on state orientation are added. However, the objective of the newly added core protection code U1 is to protect the core from damage, and generally to wait until the unit condition deteriorates to a more severe degree before it becomes effective. If the occurrence of the superposition fault can be found in advance, measures can be taken in time to avoid further deterioration of the state of the unit. However, the nuclear power plant system is numerous and complex in design, and many faults are generated, so that the monitoring of all the faults is impossible.
In order to find and process the superposition fault as soon as possible and simultaneously enable the monitoring work not to influence the operator to execute the existing accident regulation as far as possible, the method for monitoring the important faults which possibly occur in the accident processing process is provided.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention provides the fault monitoring method in the accident processing, which can quickly screen the superposed faults which have important influence on the unit safety in the accident processing process, and timely take corresponding measures, thereby improving the unit safety.
In order to achieve the above purposes, the invention adopts the technical scheme that: a fault monitoring method in accident processing is provided, which comprises the following steps:
(1) appointing an initial event, and determining all systems and equipment needing to ensure the functions of the system and the equipment in the accident handling process;
(2) determining associated auxiliary systems and devices that maintain the functionality of the systems and devices;
(3) carrying out failure analysis on the system and the equipment in the step (1) and the step (2) to determine the probability of the system and the equipment having the superposition failure;
(4) screening out the condition that the occurrence probability of the superposition fault is too low;
(5) performing event tree analysis on the remaining stacking faults to determine whether the stacking faults can cause damage to the reactor core;
(6) the superimposed faults which can cause the damage of the reactor core are superimposed faults which have important influence on the unit safety under the initial event, and relevant equipment or parameter information is monitored regularly.
Further, in the step (1), according to the determinacy accident analysis method, a system and equipment of which the functions need to be ensured are determined.
Further, in the step (3), a probability safety analysis method is adopted to perform fault tree analysis on the system and equipment failures in the step (1) and the step (2) so as to determine the probability of the occurrence of the superposition fault of the specified system and equipment.
Further, in the step (4), the low probability means that the occurrence probability of the superposition failure is lower than 10-9。
Further, in the step (6), a corresponding human-computer interface is arranged, and related equipment or parameter information is converted into a form with an obvious prompting effect, so that an operator can quickly find the change of the state of the related information when a fault occurs, and take corresponding measures in time.
The invention has the beneficial technical effects that:
(1) the method has the advantages that the method does not have important influence on the conventional accident handling mode and flow, and extra workload is not brought to an operator when no superposition fault occurs;
(2) for the superposition fault which does not affect the safety of the unit, unnecessary prompts can not be generated to interfere the normal accident treatment;
(3) when the superposition fault influencing the unit safety occurs, an operator can be prompted at the first time, the risk of further deterioration of the unit state is reduced, and the safety and the economical efficiency of the unit are improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a fault monitoring method in incident processing of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a human interface display.
Detailed Description
The following describes embodiments of the present invention in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. As shown in the figure
1 shows that the fault monitoring method in the accident processing provided by the invention comprises the following steps:
1) for a specified initial event, all systems and equipment of the accident regulation processing process needing to guarantee the functions of the system and equipment are determined according to the accident analysis result (such as a nuclear power plant safety analysis report) and the accident processing strategy of the determinism. Such as:
(a1) the system and the equipment are used for ensuring the integrity of the three barriers in the accident handling process;
(b1) the system and the equipment are used for discharging the waste heat of the reactor core in the accident treatment process;
(c1) automatic action triggered by the reactor protection system after an accident.
2) After the system and the equipment are determined, relevant auxiliary support systems and equipment for maintaining the functions of the system and the equipment are determined according to the design of the nuclear power plant system. Such as:
(a2) a power supply and an instrument control power supply;
(b2) equipment cooling water and a plant water system as final heat traps;
(c2) water sources specially provided with safety systems, and the like.
3) And (2) performing fault tree analysis (qualitative analysis of the system and the equipment, constructing a system fault tree, and determining and quantifying the importance of each part of the system) on the equipment failure in the step 1) and the step 2) by adopting a Probability Safety Analysis (PSA) method so as to determine the probability of the superposition fault of the specified equipment.
4) Based on the probability of occurrence of the original event, the condition that the probability of occurrence of the superimposed faults is too low is screened out, for example, the probability of occurrence of the superimposed faults of all faults combined with the original event is removed and is lower than 10-9(based on empirically determined truncation probabilities).
5) And performing event tree analysis on the remaining stack faults (modeling the event sequence by constructing an event tree to define a core damage sequence and a power plant damage state, wherein the event tree header is composed of a safety system and a non-safety system, and comprises a support system or an operator action required for responding to an initial event or relieving failure of other systems), and determining whether the stack faults can cause core damage.
6) Finally, all the remaining stack faults which cause core damage are stack faults which have important influence on unit safety in the event of the initial event, and relevant equipment or parameter information of the stack faults needs to be monitored by an operator regularly.
After determining the superimposed fault information to be monitored under the specified originating event, designing a corresponding human-machine interface, and converting the equipment or parameter information into a form with obvious prompting effect, such as an indicator light. The operator can quickly find the change of the state of the relevant information when the fault occurs, thereby taking corresponding measures in time.
The invention will be further explained by taking a small break loss of coolant accident of a primary loop as an example:
according to the determinism accident analysis method, a system and equipment which need to ensure the functions in accident processing mainly comprise:
a safety injection system;
an ampere jet system;
containment temperature and pressure measurements;
steam generator level control is relevant;
loop temperature control correlation;
manostat water level monitoring and control, etc.
The related auxiliary support system and device comprise:
a refueling water tank;
the associated power supply;
final hot-trap correlation;
compressed air system, etc
Thirdly, through the analysis of the fault tree and the event tree, the information which needs to be monitored is finally determined to comprise:
total loss of power from the plant;
total loss of plant cooling water;
total failure of the high pressure safety injection pump;
containment temperature and pressure exceed limits;
failure of all auxiliary feed pumps, etc.
The corresponding monitoring man-machine interface is shown in fig. 2. When a superposition failure occurs, the corresponding indicator light is lit.
In conclusion, the fault monitoring method in accident processing provided by the invention combines the deterministic theory and the probabilistic theory, so that the superimposed faults which have important influence on the unit safety in the accident processing process can be rapidly screened out, corresponding measures are taken in time, the unit state is prevented from further deterioration, and the unit safety is improved.
The fault monitoring method in accident processing according to the present invention is not limited to the above specific embodiments, and those skilled in the art can derive other embodiments according to the technical solutions of the present invention, which also belong to the technical innovation scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. A fault monitoring method in accident processing comprises the following steps:
(1) appointing an initial event, and determining all systems and equipment needing to ensure the functions of the system and the equipment in the accident handling process;
(2) determining associated auxiliary systems and devices that maintain the functionality of the systems and devices;
(3) carrying out failure analysis on the system and the equipment in the step (1) and the step (2) to determine the probability of the superposition failure of the specified system and equipment;
(4) screening out the condition that the occurrence probability of the superposition fault is too low;
(5) performing event tree analysis on the remaining stacking faults to determine whether the stacking faults can cause damage to the reactor core;
(6) the superimposed faults which can cause the damage of the reactor core are superimposed faults which have important influence on the unit safety under the initial event, and relevant equipment or parameter information is monitored regularly.
2. A method of fault monitoring in the processing of an incident according to claim 1, wherein: in the step (1), a system and equipment of which the functions need to be ensured are determined according to a determination theory accident analysis method.
3. A method of fault monitoring in the processing of an incident according to claim 1, wherein: and (3) adopting a probability safety analysis method to perform fault tree analysis on the system and equipment failures in the step (1) and the step (2) and determine the probability of the superposition fault of the specified system and equipment.
4. In an accident management as set forth in claim 1The fault monitoring method is characterized by comprising the following steps: in the step (4), the low probability means that the occurrence probability of the superposition fault is lower than 10-9。
5. A method of fault monitoring in the processing of an incident according to claim 1, wherein: and (6) setting a corresponding human-computer interface, converting related equipment or parameter information into a form with an obvious prompting effect, so that an operator can quickly find the change of the state of the related information when a fault occurs, and timely take corresponding measures.
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| CN108665185A (en) * | 2018-05-22 | 2018-10-16 | 中国核电工程有限公司 | A kind of design method of nuclear power plant's malfunction protocol scope of application |
| CN113035403A (en) * | 2021-03-02 | 2021-06-25 | 上海核工程研究设计院有限公司 | Automatic control method for nuclear power plant under abnormal working condition |
| CN114118722B (en) * | 2021-11-08 | 2024-08-16 | 上海核工程研究设计院股份有限公司 | Method for screening and obtaining superposition originating event combination requiring risk quantification |
| CN114461491A (en) * | 2022-01-12 | 2022-05-10 | 深圳中广核工程设计有限公司 | Nuclear steam supply system function detection method and device, computer equipment and medium |
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| US7191108B2 (en) * | 2002-06-20 | 2007-03-13 | General Electric Company | Structured approach for risk-informing deterministic safety analyses |
| WO2007130003A1 (en) * | 2006-04-06 | 2007-11-15 | Georgia Tech Research Corporation | Boundary condition adjustment methods and systems |
| CN101484891B (en) * | 2006-05-16 | 2010-04-14 | 张湛 | A method for constructing an intelligent system processing uncertain causal relationship information |
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