WO2023098930A1 - Structure d'atténuation d'ondes mécaniques et procédé de fabrication d'une structure - Google Patents

Structure d'atténuation d'ondes mécaniques et procédé de fabrication d'une structure Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023098930A1
WO2023098930A1 PCT/CZ2021/050144 CZ2021050144W WO2023098930A1 WO 2023098930 A1 WO2023098930 A1 WO 2023098930A1 CZ 2021050144 W CZ2021050144 W CZ 2021050144W WO 2023098930 A1 WO2023098930 A1 WO 2023098930A1
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Prior art keywords
attenuation
mechanical waves
waves according
manufacturing
blocks
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PCT/CZ2021/050144
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English (en)
Inventor
Daniel Koutný
David Paloušek
Radek KOLMAN
Arkadi BEREZOVSKI
Michal MRAČKO
Original Assignee
Vysoké Učení Technické V Brně
Ústav Termomechaniky Av Čr, V. V. I.
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Application filed by Vysoké Učení Technické V Brně, Ústav Termomechaniky Av Čr, V. V. I. filed Critical Vysoké Učení Technické V Brně
Priority to CZ2024-225A priority Critical patent/CZ2024225A3/cs
Priority to PCT/CZ2021/050144 priority patent/WO2023098930A1/fr
Publication of WO2023098930A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023098930A1/fr

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B7/00—Layered products characterised by the relation between layers; Layered products characterised by the relative orientation of features between layers, or by the relative values of a measurable parameter between layers, i.e. products comprising layers having different physical, chemical or physicochemical properties; Layered products characterised by the interconnection of layers
    • B32B7/02—Physical, chemical or physicochemical properties
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
    • B22F10/20—Direct sintering or melting
    • B22F10/28—Powder bed fusion, e.g. selective laser melting [SLM] or electron beam melting [EBM]
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F12/00—Apparatus or devices specially adapted for additive manufacturing; Auxiliary means for additive manufacturing; Combinations of additive manufacturing apparatus or devices with other processing apparatus or devices
    • B22F12/50—Means for feeding of material, e.g. heads
    • B22F12/55—Two or more means for feeding material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
    • B22F3/10—Sintering only
    • B22F3/105—Sintering only by using electric current other than for infrared radiant energy, laser radiation or plasma ; by ultrasonic bonding
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F5/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the special shape of the product
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
    • B29C64/10—Processes of additive manufacturing
    • B29C64/141—Processes of additive manufacturing using only solid materials
    • B29C64/153—Processes of additive manufacturing using only solid materials using layers of powder being selectively joined, e.g. by selective laser sintering or melting
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
    • B29C64/30—Auxiliary operations or equipment
    • B29C64/379—Handling of additively manufactured objects, e.g. using robots
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B15/00—Layered products comprising a layer of metal
    • B32B15/01—Layered products comprising a layer of metal all layers being exclusively metallic
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B15/00—Layered products comprising a layer of metal
    • B32B15/04—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
    • B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
    • B33Y10/00—Processes of additive manufacturing
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
    • B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
    • B33Y70/00—Materials specially adapted for additive manufacturing
    • B33Y70/10—Composites of different types of material, e.g. mixtures of ceramics and polymers or mixtures of metals and biomaterials
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
    • B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
    • B33Y80/00—Products made by additive manufacturing
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
    • C22C1/04—Making non-ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy
    • C22C1/0408—Light metal alloys
    • C22C1/0416—Aluminium-based alloys
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
    • C22C1/04—Making non-ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy
    • C22C1/045—Alloys based on refractory metals
    • C22C1/0458—Alloys based on titanium, zirconium or hafnium
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
    • E04B1/74—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls
    • E04B1/82—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls specifically with respect to sound only
    • E04B1/84—Sound-absorbing elements
    • E04B1/8404—Sound-absorbing elements block-shaped
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41H—ARMOUR; ARMOURED TURRETS; ARMOURED OR ARMED VEHICLES; MEANS OF ATTACK OR DEFENCE, e.g. CAMOUFLAGE, IN GENERAL
    • F41H5/00—Armour; Armour plates
    • F41H5/02—Plate construction
    • F41H5/04—Plate construction composed of more than one layer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F2999/00—Aspects linked to processes or compositions used in powder metallurgy
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
    • B29C64/10—Processes of additive manufacturing
    • B29C64/106—Processes of additive manufacturing using only liquids or viscous materials, e.g. depositing a continuous bead of viscous material
    • B29C64/112—Processes of additive manufacturing using only liquids or viscous materials, e.g. depositing a continuous bead of viscous material using individual droplets, e.g. from jetting heads
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
    • B29C64/10—Processes of additive manufacturing
    • B29C64/106—Processes of additive manufacturing using only liquids or viscous materials, e.g. depositing a continuous bead of viscous material
    • B29C64/124—Processes of additive manufacturing using only liquids or viscous materials, e.g. depositing a continuous bead of viscous material using layers of liquid which are selectively solidified
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
    • Y02P10/25—Process efficiency

Definitions

  • the presented solution concerns a structure adapted for attenuation of mechanical waves.
  • the structure is manufactured by a layered 3D printing using a selective material deposition.
  • the additive manufacturing technologies allow the fabrication of components with highly complex shapes due to the nature of the layer-by-layer approach.
  • the powder bed fusion PBF process belongs to the most widespread.
  • metal powder is spread over the build plate in a thin layer.
  • the deposited powder is fused by means of laser or electron beam at the desired areas according to the digital data of the produced component. Fused areas in each layer correspond to the cross-section of the manufactured component’s shape in the given layer.
  • the build plate is lowered according to the chosen layer thickness and a new layer of powder is deposited. Such procedure continues until the whole component is prepared.
  • the unfused metallic powder surrounding the component is taken out and reused for another build job.
  • Such a process is used for example in the document WO2012131481A1 .
  • Such structures may be used in many industrial fields and are used for a variety of applications. However, every application needs a specific approach. For example, in precise engineering, space engineering or many areas of mechanical engineering, structures that are suitable for attenuation mechanical waves are needed to reduce unwanted shocks of the system.
  • the above-mentioned disadvantages of the prior art are at least partially solved by a structure for attenuation of mechanical waves prepared by 3D printing of a combination of at least a first material and a second material.
  • the acoustic impedances of the first material and the second material differ by at least 20 %.
  • the structure comprises at least one structured area comprising at least two blocks of the first material separated by the second material.
  • the structure solves the disadvantages of the prior art by effective attenuation of the mechanical waves propagating through the media, as at the interface of two different materials, a part of the wave is transmitted through the interface and the rest of the wave is reflected. The reflection increases with the difference in the acoustic impedances of the first material and the second material.
  • the structure is comprised of a number of vertically or horizontally arranged layers wherein the layers are mutually offset in the direction of the propagating wave. This embodiment ensures more efficient attenuation of the propagated wave across the height of the structure.
  • the structure is comprised of a number of vertically or horizontally arranged layers, wherein the thickness of the block is of at least two values.
  • the values change in the direction of the propagating wave, wherein the values of thickness are alternating between the layers.
  • the blocks are V-shaped or saw-shaped.
  • the angle of the tip of the V-shape or a “tooth” of the saw-shape is in the range of 10-150° and points in the direction of the propagating wave.
  • the first material is an aluminum alloy
  • the second material is a titanium alloy.
  • the second material is a Ti-6AI-4V alloy.
  • the first material is a copper alloy
  • the second material is a steel.
  • the first material is a copper or copper alloy and the second material is a zircon-ceramics or piezo-ceramics.
  • the thickness of the block is in the range of 0,05-10 mm.
  • the thickness may increase incrementally or geometrically.
  • the above-mentioned disadvantages of the prior art are further at least partially solved by a method of manufacturing a structure for attenuation of mechanical waves.
  • the method comprises the steps of:
  • the selective fusion is performed at an area corresponding to the cross section of a manufactured component.
  • the drawbacks of the prior art are solved by that the second material is deposited in at least two blocks separated by the first material and by that the acoustic impedances of the first material and the second material differ by at least 20 %.
  • the deposited layers are offset in the direction of the propagating wave. This embodiment ensures more efficient attenuation of the propagated wave across the height of the structure.
  • the layers are deposited in such a way that the thickness of the block is of at least two values.
  • the values change in the direction of the propagating wave, wherein the values of thickness are alternating between the layers. This embodiment ensures that a single structured area may attenuate a broader range of wavelengths of the propagating mechanical wave.
  • the layers are deposited in such a way that the blocks are V-shaped or saw-shaped.
  • the angle of the tip of the V-shape or a “tooth” of the sawshape is in the range of 10-150° and points in the direction of the propagating wave.
  • the first material is an aluminum alloy, and the second material is a titanium alloy.
  • the second material is a Ti-6AI-4V alloy.
  • the first material is a copper alloy, and the second material is a steel.
  • the layers are deposited in such a way that the thickness of the block is in the range of 0,05-10 mm.
  • the thickness may increase incrementally or geometrically.
  • Figure 1 shows a schematic depiction of the system for manufacturing a structure for attenuation of mechanical waves.
  • Figure 2 shows a manufactured structure composed of the first material and the second material, wherein the interfaces between the materials are used for the attenuation of mechanical waves.
  • Figure 3 shows a manufactured structure having a plurality of blocks of the second material manufactured in a V-shape and separated by the first material.
  • Figure 4 shows possible alternations of layers of the first material and the second material.
  • Figure 5 shows a manufactured structure having a plurality of blocks of the second material manufactured in a V-shape and separated by the first material.
  • Figure 6 shows a cut-out manufactured structure having a plurality of blocks of the second material manufactured in a conical shape and separated by the first material.
  • Figure 7 shows the attenuation of mechanical waves for planar structured areas.
  • Figure 8 shows the attenuation of mechanical waves for V-shape structured areas. Examples of embodiment of the invention
  • the structure 1. for attenuation of mechanical waves shown in the Fig. 1 , 2, and 3 comprises at least a first material 2 and a second material 3.
  • the structure 1. is composed of a plurality of vertically arranged layers 6. The height of a single layer is in the range of 1 pm to 200 pm.
  • the terms “vertical” and “horizontal” have only informational character intended to clarify the positional relationship between the components forming the claimed structure 1. and have no limiting nature for the scope of protection of the defined claims neither they define the orientation of the structure 1. with respect to its surroundings.
  • the structure 1_ comprises at least one structured area 4 with at least two blocks 5 of the second material 3 separated by the first material 2. The thickness of the blocks 5 is in the range from 0,05 mm to 10 mm.
  • the thickness of the block 5 may be constant along the whole height of the block 5, or it may be increased incrementally with each layer 6 of the structure 1_, or it may be alternating between at least two values in the neighboring layers 6, as seen on the Fig. 4c. Further, the blocks 5 forming the structured area 4 may be either all of the same thickness, or the thickness may increase incrementally between the neighboring blocks 5, or the thickness may be alternating between at least two values, or the thickness may increase geometrically between the neighboring blocks 5.
  • the blocks 5 forming the structured area 4 may be of various shapes, wherein the shape itself is chosen accordingly to the direction 100 of the propagating wave to be attenuated.
  • the single block 5 may be rectangular oriented with its longer side oriented across the direction 100 of the propagating wave, as seen in the Fig. 2, rectangular and skewed (rhomboidal), arched, V-shaped as seen in the Fig. 3 or 5, or saw-shaped, etc.
  • the arch or the tip is oriented in the direction 100 of the propagating wave.
  • the of the tip 7 of either the V-shape or the saw-shape is in the range of 10-150°, preferably 60-120°.
  • the resulting block 5 of the second material 3 can be that of a hollow cone, as seen in the Fig. 6, wherein the cross-section of the structure 1_ would then be V- shaped. Such shape of the block 5 and the structured area 4 provides attenuation in all directions.
  • the layers 6 are of the same shape resulting in a homogeneously shaped structured area 4.
  • the layers 6 are offset in the direction 100 of the propagating wave.
  • the blocks 5 comprised of offset layers 6 are then skewed in the direction 100 of the propagating wave, as can be seen in the Fig. 4b.
  • the first material 2 and the second material 3 are selected so that their acoustic impedance acoustic impedances differ by at least 20 % without limiting which of the materials 2 or 3 has the higher value of the acoustic impedance.
  • the pairs of the first material 2 and the second material 3 may be selected form the following non exhaustive list of possible materials: aluminum alloy and titanium alloy, wherein the titanium alloy is exemplarily a Ti-6AI-4V alloy; copper alloy and steel, wherein the steel is exemplarily a maraging steel, copper and copper alloy, wherein the copper alloy is exemplarily a copper alloy with either a zircon-ceramics or a piezo-ceramics.
  • the structure 1. is manufactured using the method of manufacturing a structure 1. for attenuation of mechanical waves comprising the steps of:
  • the powder dosing system 9 is adapted for dosing the powder 10 composed of at least the first material 2 and the second material 3 on the dedicated places on the base plate 8 by the movement of powder dispenser in X and Y direction over the whole build area using continual dosing according to the planned path or by singlepoint dosing according to a XY rasterized mesh.
  • the dosing system 9 suitable for using is any of the following dosing systems 9: powder flow; powder flow forced by vibrations; powder flow forced by compressed gas; powder in carrier fluid forming droplets, where carrier fluid evaporates after deposition, or other.
  • the plurality of dispensers 11 in the form of containers with nozzles or printheads, cartridges etc.
  • different metal powders 10 selectively dose individual powders 10 on dedicated places until the whole area of single layer 5 is filled in chosen powder height (layer thickness).
  • layer thickness may vary from 1 pm up to 200 pm.
  • Maximum resolution of selective dosing system 9 may vary from tens of micrometres in case of droplet principle up to units of millimetres in case of nozzle dosing principle.
  • the focus spot of the beam 12 is usually in the range of tens of microns to about 100 pm. However, features in the range of 1 -10 pm are also achievable.
  • the second material 3 is deposited in at least two blocks 4 separated by the first material 2.
  • the acoustic impedances of the first material 2 and the second material 3 differ by at least 20 %.
  • Another approach to the method of manufacturing the structure 1_ for attenuation of mechanical waves is to use one of the following methods: material jetting or vat photopolymerization 3D printing technologies which use photo sensitive polymers filled with ceramics or metal powders.
  • material jetting or vat photopolymerization 3D printing technologies which use photo sensitive polymers filled with ceramics or metal powders.
  • Using a modified or dedicated 3D printer it is possible to deposit multiple materials in the form of liquid slurry of propolymer filled by metal or ceramic powder by multiple nozzles in case of material jetting technology by multiple vats in case of vat-photopolymerization technology.
  • the first material 2 and the second material 3 are deposited using the powder dosing system 9 which distributes the first material 2 and the second material 3 in a powder 10 form to the base plate 8.
  • the materials 2, 3 are deposited in a single layer 6 either continually by rastering the dispenser in two perpendicular directions or by singlepoint dosing of the powder 10 to defined places.
  • the processing parameters for single layer 5 need to contain at least two parameter sets with selected areas to apply, because each material typically has its optimal set of processing parameters different to other materials.
  • the processing parameters are any of the following parameters: laser power, roster speed, layer 6 height, hatching speed, etc.
  • Given layer 6 may be composed of either the first material 2, the second material 3 or the combination of both.
  • selected areas of the layer 6 are irradiated either by an electron beam 12 system or by a laser beam 12 system of sufficient power. After irradiating, the selected areas of the layer 6 are melted and solidified. The selected areas of the solidified powder 10 correspond with their shape to the shape of the manufactured component of the structure 1_.
  • the second layer 6 is deposited and selectively fused. This process is repeated until the desired shape of the structure 1. is obtained.
  • the layers 6 may be composed either solely by the first material 2, or the second material 3, or by their combination, or by their combination with at least one other material.
  • the layers 6 may alternate between the first material 2 and the second material 3 in order to create a structure 1. for attenuation of the mechanical waves. This alternating approach creates a structured area 4 comprising blocks 5 of the second material 3 separated by the first material 2.
  • the results of simulations of the attenuation of the mechanical waves are shown for a structure 1. for attenuation of the mechanical waves, where the structure 1. comprises one structured area 4 comprising two blocks 5 of the second material 3 separated by the first material 2.
  • the blocks 5 are planar and rectangular.
  • the characteristic frequency of the mechanical wave for this speed is about 5400 kHz.
  • the thickness of the blocks 5 is 1 mm, wherein the thickness of the first material 2 separating the blocks 5 is 1 mm, which is roughly the wavelength of the wave with the frequency 5400 kHz. Simulations were made for waves with half the characteristic wavelength and double the characteristic wavelength.
  • the results of simulations of the attenuation of the mechanical waves are shown for a structure 1. for attenuation of the mechanical waves, where the structure 1. comprises one structured area 4 comprising two blocks 5 of the second material 3 separated by the first material 2.
  • the blocks 5 are V-shaped, wherein the V is directed in the direction 100 of the propagating wave.
  • the characteristic frequency of the mechanical wave for this speed is about 5400 kHz.
  • the thickness of the blocks 5 is 1 mm, wherein the thickness of the first material 2 separating the blocks 5 is 1 mm, which is roughly the wavelength of the wave with the frequency 5400 kHz. Simulations were made for waves with half the characteristic wavelength and double the characteristic wavelength.
  • the structure 1. provides best attenuation of mechanical waves with the thickness of the block 5 corresponding to the wavelength of the mechanical wave to be attenuated. The best results are thus achieved with scaling the thickness of the blocks 5 together with the thickness of the first material 2 separating the blocks 5 of the second material 3. As discussed in the exemplary embodiments, the thickness of the blocks 5 may increase incrementally to widen the range of wavelengths that can be attenuated by the structure 1.
  • the structure 1. may be used in a variety of applications depending on its resulting shape. A non-exhaustive list of possible applications is following: riffle butt, partial joint replacement, holder for an optical element of an optical system, holder for a sensing system, or holder for a satellite system.
  • the attenuation of the stress wave and its intensity, measured by von Misses stress or cumulative kinetic energy at the monitored area, is influenced by the ratio of layer thickness h to the wavelength of the excited mechanical wave A.
  • the wavelength A (in m) is generally controlled by the loading frequency f (in Hz) and wave speed of the materials (in m/s).
  • the minimum thickness is considered to be 0,1 mm and the maximum 10 mm. From this follows that the range of frequencies for which it is possible to activate the attenuation effect in the 3D printed structure is from 500 kHz to 500 MHz.
  • the structure may be used in a variety of applications depending on its resulting shape.
  • a non-exhaustive list of possible applications is following: a riffle butt, a part of human joint replacement, a holder for an optical element of an optical system, a holder for a sensing system, a holder for a satellite system, a rotary component in engine, a part of a damping system adapted to minimize engine vibrations, a part of a sensing system adapted to minimize mechanical waves in chosen frequency spectrum, a part of a system adapted to magnify mechanical waves in chosen frequency spectrum.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Composite Materials (AREA)
  • Robotics (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne une structure (1) pour l'atténuation d'ondes mécaniques préparée par impression 3D d'une combinaison d'au moins un premier matériau (2) et d'un second matériau (3). Les impédances acoustiques du premier matériau (2) et du second matériau (3) diffèrent d'au moins 20 %, la structure (1) comprenant au moins une zone structurée (4) comprenant au moins deux blocs (5) du second matériau (3) séparés par le premier matériau (2). La structure est préparée par dépôt d'une couche (5) d'un premier matériau (2) et d'un second matériau (3) sous la forme d'une poudre métallique (10) sur une plaque de base (8) ; fusion sélective de la couche (5) par un faisceau d'électrons (11) ou un faisceau laser (11), la fusion sélective étant réalisée au niveau d'une zone correspondant à la section transversale d'un composant fabriqué. Les étapes sont répétées jusqu'à ce que le composant souhaité soit obtenu.
PCT/CZ2021/050144 2021-11-30 2021-11-30 Structure d'atténuation d'ondes mécaniques et procédé de fabrication d'une structure WO2023098930A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (2)

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CZ2024-225A CZ2024225A3 (cs) 2021-11-30 2021-11-30 Struktura pro tlumení mechanických vln a způsob výroby struktury
PCT/CZ2021/050144 WO2023098930A1 (fr) 2021-11-30 2021-11-30 Structure d'atténuation d'ondes mécaniques et procédé de fabrication d'une structure

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PCT/CZ2021/050144 WO2023098930A1 (fr) 2021-11-30 2021-11-30 Structure d'atténuation d'ondes mécaniques et procédé de fabrication d'une structure

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WO2023098930A1 true WO2023098930A1 (fr) 2023-06-08

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Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2012131481A1 (fr) * 2011-03-29 2012-10-04 Inspire Ag, Irpd Structure de pièces construite par la fabrication additive à base de poudre métallique
US9207048B1 (en) * 2010-04-12 2015-12-08 The United States Of America, As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy Multi-ply heterogeneous armor with viscoelastic layers and hemispherical, conical, and angled laminate strikeface projections
US10197363B1 (en) * 2017-04-03 2019-02-05 The United States Of America, As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy Porous refractory armor substrate
CN212447375U (zh) * 2020-06-10 2021-02-02 上海汽车集团股份有限公司 汽车舱内隔音垫

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US9207048B1 (en) * 2010-04-12 2015-12-08 The United States Of America, As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy Multi-ply heterogeneous armor with viscoelastic layers and hemispherical, conical, and angled laminate strikeface projections
WO2012131481A1 (fr) * 2011-03-29 2012-10-04 Inspire Ag, Irpd Structure de pièces construite par la fabrication additive à base de poudre métallique
US10197363B1 (en) * 2017-04-03 2019-02-05 The United States Of America, As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy Porous refractory armor substrate
CN212447375U (zh) * 2020-06-10 2021-02-02 上海汽车集团股份有限公司 汽车舱内隔音垫

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