WO2023093800A1 - 单层侧梁转向架及轨道车辆 - Google Patents

单层侧梁转向架及轨道车辆 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023093800A1
WO2023093800A1 PCT/CN2022/133992 CN2022133992W WO2023093800A1 WO 2023093800 A1 WO2023093800 A1 WO 2023093800A1 CN 2022133992 W CN2022133992 W CN 2022133992W WO 2023093800 A1 WO2023093800 A1 WO 2023093800A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
side beam
bogie
present application
axle
installation
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2022/133992
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
楚伯刚
李兆盈
史志远
楚京
孟航
李刚
Original Assignee
中车唐山机车车辆有限公司
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Application filed by 中车唐山机车车辆有限公司 filed Critical 中车唐山机车车辆有限公司
Publication of WO2023093800A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023093800A1/zh

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61F—RAIL VEHICLE SUSPENSIONS, e.g. UNDERFRAMES, BOGIES OR ARRANGEMENTS OF WHEEL AXLES; RAIL VEHICLES FOR USE ON TRACKS OF DIFFERENT WIDTH; PREVENTING DERAILING OF RAIL VEHICLES; WHEEL GUARDS, OBSTRUCTION REMOVERS OR THE LIKE FOR RAIL VEHICLES
    • B61F5/00—Constructional details of bogies; Connections between bogies and vehicle underframes; Arrangements or devices for adjusting or allowing self-adjustment of wheel axles or bogies when rounding curves
    • B61F5/50—Other details
    • B61F5/52—Bogie frames
    • B61F5/523—Bogie frames comprising parts made from fibre-reinforced matrix material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61C—LOCOMOTIVES; MOTOR RAILCARS
    • B61C9/00—Locomotives or motor railcars characterised by the type of transmission system used; Transmission systems specially adapted for locomotives or motor railcars
    • B61C9/38—Transmission systems in or for locomotives or motor railcars with electric motor propulsion
    • B61C9/48—Transmission systems in or for locomotives or motor railcars with electric motor propulsion with motors supported on vehicle frames and driving axles, e.g. axle or nose suspension
    • B61C9/50—Transmission systems in or for locomotives or motor railcars with electric motor propulsion with motors supported on vehicle frames and driving axles, e.g. axle or nose suspension in bogies
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61F—RAIL VEHICLE SUSPENSIONS, e.g. UNDERFRAMES, BOGIES OR ARRANGEMENTS OF WHEEL AXLES; RAIL VEHICLES FOR USE ON TRACKS OF DIFFERENT WIDTH; PREVENTING DERAILING OF RAIL VEHICLES; WHEEL GUARDS, OBSTRUCTION REMOVERS OR THE LIKE FOR RAIL VEHICLES
    • B61F5/00—Constructional details of bogies; Connections between bogies and vehicle underframes; Arrangements or devices for adjusting or allowing self-adjustment of wheel axles or bogies when rounding curves
    • B61F5/26—Mounting or securing axle-boxes in vehicle or bogie underframes
    • B61F5/30—Axle-boxes mounted for movement under spring control in vehicle or bogie underframes
    • B61F5/301—Axle-boxes mounted for movement under spring control in vehicle or bogie underframes incorporating metal springs
    • B61F5/302—Leaf springs
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61F—RAIL VEHICLE SUSPENSIONS, e.g. UNDERFRAMES, BOGIES OR ARRANGEMENTS OF WHEEL AXLES; RAIL VEHICLES FOR USE ON TRACKS OF DIFFERENT WIDTH; PREVENTING DERAILING OF RAIL VEHICLES; WHEEL GUARDS, OBSTRUCTION REMOVERS OR THE LIKE FOR RAIL VEHICLES
    • B61F5/00—Constructional details of bogies; Connections between bogies and vehicle underframes; Arrangements or devices for adjusting or allowing self-adjustment of wheel axles or bogies when rounding curves
    • B61F5/26—Mounting or securing axle-boxes in vehicle or bogie underframes
    • B61F5/30—Axle-boxes mounted for movement under spring control in vehicle or bogie underframes
    • B61F5/305—Axle-boxes mounted for movement under spring control in vehicle or bogie underframes incorporating rubber springs
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61F—RAIL VEHICLE SUSPENSIONS, e.g. UNDERFRAMES, BOGIES OR ARRANGEMENTS OF WHEEL AXLES; RAIL VEHICLES FOR USE ON TRACKS OF DIFFERENT WIDTH; PREVENTING DERAILING OF RAIL VEHICLES; WHEEL GUARDS, OBSTRUCTION REMOVERS OR THE LIKE FOR RAIL VEHICLES
    • B61F5/00—Constructional details of bogies; Connections between bogies and vehicle underframes; Arrangements or devices for adjusting or allowing self-adjustment of wheel axles or bogies when rounding curves
    • B61F5/50—Other details
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T30/00—Transportation of goods or passengers via railways, e.g. energy recovery or reducing air resistance

Definitions

  • the application relates to vehicle running technology, in particular to a single-layer side beam bogie and a rail vehicle.
  • the bogie is an important part of the rail vehicle, which is used to carry the car body and realize the running and steering functions.
  • the bogie includes structures such as frame, wheelset, traction device, buffer device, etc.
  • the commonly used frame usually includes two side beams extending along the length of the vehicle and a cross beam connecting the two side beams. The connection between the cross beam and the side beams There are many ways.
  • Embodiments of the present application provide a single-layer side beam bogie and a rail vehicle.
  • a single-layer side beam bogie including:
  • One connecting seat is set under the middle part of a side beam; the two connecting seats are connected by a traction device;
  • Two wheel sets are respectively arranged under the ends of the side beams; the wheel sets include axles, wheels and axle boxes symmetrically arranged on the axles;
  • a primary suspension device is provided between each axle box and the end of the side member.
  • a rail vehicle comprising: the above-mentioned single-layer side beam bogie.
  • the bogie provided by the embodiment of the present application abandons the traditional beam structure, uses the connecting seat to connect and fix the single-layer side beam, and uses the traction device to connect the two connecting seats together, which can greatly reduce the weight of the bogie itself.
  • the weight is conducive to improving the traction efficiency of rail vehicles.
  • the connecting seat provides multiple interfaces for connecting side beams, traction devices and other components. On the basis of satisfying the basic functions of the bogie, it simplifies the structure of the bogie and facilitates lightweight design.
  • Fig. 1 is the schematic structural view of the non-powered bogie provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 2 is the top view of the non-powered bogie provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 3 is the schematic structural view of the power bogie provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 4 is the top view of the power bogie provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of the side beam in the bogie provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 6 is a schematic structural view of the connecting seat in the bogie provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 7 is an exploded view of the assembly of the side beam and the connecting seat in the bogie provided by the embodiment of the present application;
  • Fig. 8 is a schematic structural view of the wheel set in the bogie provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 9 is a schematic structural view of the primary suspension device in the bogie provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 10 is a structural schematic diagram of the assembly of the side beam and the primary suspension device in the bogie provided by the embodiment of the present application;
  • Fig. 11 is a cross-sectional view of the assembly of the side beam and the primary suspension device in the bogie provided by the embodiment of the present application;
  • Fig. 12 is an exploded view of the assembly of the side beam and the primary suspension device in the bogie provided by the embodiment of the present application;
  • Figure 13 is a cross-sectional view of the assembly of the secondary suspension device and the connecting seat in the bogie provided by the embodiment of the present application;
  • Fig. 14 is a structural schematic diagram of the assembly of the secondary suspension device and the connecting seat in the bogie provided by the embodiment of the present application;
  • Fig. 15 is a structural schematic diagram of the assembly of the braking device and the connecting seat in the bogie provided by the embodiment of the present application;
  • Fig. 16 is a structural schematic diagram of the connection between the axle box of the bogie and the connecting seat provided by the embodiment of the present application through a single tie rod;
  • Fig. 17 is an exploded view of the axle box of the bogie provided by the embodiment of the present application and the connecting seat connected by a single tie rod;
  • Fig. 18 is a schematic structural diagram of the connection between the traction device and the connecting seat in the bogie provided by the embodiment of the present application;
  • Figure 19 is an exploded view of the connection between the traction device and the connecting seat in the bogie provided by the embodiment of the present application;
  • Fig. 20 is a schematic structural view of the traction pin in the bogie provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 21 is a side view of the traction pin in the bogie provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 22 is a structural schematic diagram of the assembly of the transverse shock absorber in the bogie provided by the embodiment of the present application;
  • Fig. 23 is a structural schematic diagram of the assembly of the driving device and the connecting seat in the bogie provided by the embodiment of the present application;
  • Fig. 24 is a top view of the assembly of the driving device and the connecting seat in the bogie provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • 2-connecting seat 21-first side beam mounting boss; 22-fixing seat; 221-fixing bolt; 223-first lower lining; 23-second series mounting seat; Dynamic hanger; 241-hanger mounting hole; 25-tie rod connection side wall; 251-tie rod installation hole; 261-first connection part; 2611-first central hole; 2612-first bolt hole; 262-second connection Part; 2621-the second center hole; 2622-the second bolt hole; 27-the lateral stop part; 28-the motor installation part;
  • 4-traction device 41-traction beam; 411-beam body; 412-first connecting plate; 413-first connecting bolt; 414-connecting pin; 415-elastic buffer sleeve; 416-connecting flange; 417-second Connecting bolt; 42-traction pin; 421-car body connecting part; 422-lifting arm; 4221-shock absorber assembly space; 4222-shock absorber installation hole; 43-longitudinal stop assembly; 432-longitudinal stop piece; 433-outside fixing piece; 44-transverse stop assembly;
  • 91-shock absorber integrated seat 92-transverse shock absorber; 93-anti-snaking shock absorber; 94-vertical shock absorber; 95-anti-rolling torsion bar.
  • This embodiment provides a single-layer side beam bogie, which can be applied to rail vehicles.
  • the vehicle length direction is called the longitudinal direction
  • the vehicle width direction is called the horizontal direction
  • the vehicle height direction is called the vertical direction, vertical direction or vertical direction.
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a non-powered bogie provided by an embodiment of the present application
  • Fig. 2 is a top view of a non-powered bogie provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the present embodiment provides a bogie, including: a side beam 1 , a connecting seat 2 , a wheel set, a traction device 4 and a primary suspension device 5 .
  • the side beam 1 is a single-layer structure, the number of which is two, and extends along the longitudinal direction.
  • the two side beams 1 are arranged side by side with a space between them.
  • There are two connecting seats 2 one connecting seat 2 is arranged under the middle part of a side beam 1 , and the connecting seat 2 is used to support the side beam 1 .
  • the traction device 4 is connected between the two connecting seats 2, and the traction device 4 is also used to connect with the car body of the rail vehicle, and is used to transmit longitudinal traction force and braking force between the car body and the bogie.
  • the wheel sets include: an axle 31 , wheels 32 and axle boxes 33 symmetrically arranged on the axle 31 .
  • the primary suspension device 5 is arranged between the axle box 33 and the end of the side beam 1 for supporting the side beam 1 and buffering the vertical force between the side beam 1 and the wheel set 3 .
  • the bogie provided in this embodiment abandons the traditional beam structure, uses the connecting seat to connect and fix the single-layer side beam, and uses the traction device to connect the two connecting seats together, which can greatly reduce the weight of the bogie itself. Weight, which is conducive to improving the traction efficiency of rail vehicles.
  • the connecting seat provides multiple interfaces for connecting side beams, traction devices and other components. On the basis of satisfying the basic functions of the bogie, it simplifies the structure of the bogie and facilitates lightweight design.
  • the bogie When no driving device is installed on the bogie, the bogie is regarded as a non-power bogie. When the driving device is set on the bogie, the bogie is used as a power bogie.
  • Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the power bogie provided by the embodiment of the present application
  • Fig. 4 is a top view of the power bogie provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • the driving device includes: a direct drive motor 71 and a motor balance bar 72 .
  • the direct drive motor 71 is arranged on the axle 31 , the rotor is connected with the axle 31 , and the stator of the direct drive motor 71 is fixedly connected with the casing.
  • connection base 2 also provides a connection interface with the direct drive motor 71 , and the shell of the direct drive motor 71 is connected to the connection base 2 through a motor balance bar 72 .
  • the shell of the direct drive motor 71 is fixed to the axle box 33 through the motor end cover.
  • the direct drive motor 71 is used to directly drive the axle 31 to rotate, which saves the gear reducer in the traditional bogie, further simplifies the structure of the bogie, and reduces the weight of the bogie.
  • the bogie also includes a braking device 8 for braking the wheels 32 .
  • the brake device 8 adopts a brake caliper and is fixed to the connection base 2 . During the braking process, the brake caliper clamps the disc surfaces on both sides of the wheel 32 for braking.
  • Fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a single-layer side beam in a bogie provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the side beam 1 is a single-layer side beam, and along the direction from the middle to the end of the side beam 1, the thickness of the side beam 1 gradually decreases, that is, the side beam 1 is thick in the middle and thin at both ends. shape.
  • this embodiment provides a specific implementation of the bogie:
  • Fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of the connecting seat in the bogie provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • a first side beam installation boss 21 is provided on the top of the connection seat 2 .
  • the surface of the first side beam installation boss 21 is a plane, and the plane shape is a rectangle, and the long side of the rectangle is parallel to the longitudinal direction.
  • the middle part of the side beam 1 is disposed on the first side beam installation boss 21 .
  • the first side beam mounting boss 21 is used to adjust the height of the side beam 1 to meet the height requirement of the side beam.
  • Fig. 7 is an exploded view of the assembly of the side beam and the connecting seat in the bogie provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • one way of implementation is: use the fixing seat 22 to straddle the side beam 1 , and the lateral ends of the fixing seat 22 extend downward from both sides of the side beam 1 .
  • the fixing seat 22 is used to limit the vertical displacement of the side beam 1 .
  • the top of the fixing seat 22 is in the shape of a strip, extending along the transverse direction, and its two ends extend downward from both sides of the side beam 1 and are connected to the connecting seat 2 .
  • the fixing base 22 includes: a fixed top plate, a fixed side plate and fixed bolts.
  • the fixed top plate extends along a direction parallel to the side beam 1
  • the fixed side plates are vertically arranged at both lateral ends of the fixed top plate
  • the fixed side plates extend downward.
  • the fixed side plate and the fixed top plate can be of an integrated structure, and a groove that can accommodate the side beam is formed between the fixed top plate and the fixed side plate.
  • the fixed top plate is roughly rectangular, and its four top corners are made with circular arc transitions. Vertical bolt holes are provided at the four top corners, and the bolt holes extend from the top surface of the fixed top plate to the bottom surface of the fixed side plate.
  • the fixing bolts 221 are connected to the connection seat 2 after passing through the bolt holes provided on the fixed top plate and the fixed side plate in sequence.
  • the side beam 1 can be made of composite fiber, such as carbon fiber material, which has certain flexible deformation ability.
  • the connection base 2 is made of rigid material with certain strength, and provides interfaces for other components.
  • the fixing seat 22 can also be made of rigid material.
  • the first lower lining 223 is arranged between the first side beam installation boss 21 and the middle part of the side beam 1 to protect the side beam 1 and avoid side beams The beam 1 wears out after prolonged contact with the socket 3 .
  • the first lower liner 223 may be a planar structure, which is arranged parallel to the surface of the first side beam installation boss 21 .
  • the width of the first lower lining 223 is the same as or smaller than the width of the middle part of the side beam 1 , and is protected by the side beam 1 .
  • the side beam 1 When the side beam 1 is made of carbon fiber material, the side beam 1 itself deforms under different loads of the vehicle body, which can adjust and buffer the vertical load.
  • the side beam 1 When the side beam 1 is subjected to a small first vertical load, for example, the vehicle is in an unloaded state, the top surfaces of the side beam 1 are all flat, and the thickness of the middle part of the side beam 1 is the first thickness value.
  • the side beam 1 is subjected to a relatively large second vertical load, for example, the vehicle is in a fully loaded state, the side beam 1 is deformed, the middle of the side beam 1 is lowered, and both ends are raised.
  • the side beam 1 itself is deformed and can be used as a three-series suspension device to buffer the vertical load, further reducing the vibration of the vehicle body and improving the ride comfort.
  • the thickness of the middle part of the side beam 1 is greater than the thickness of the end part; from the direction of the middle part of the side beam 1 to the end part, the thickness of the side beam 1 gradually decreases.
  • the bottom surface of the side beam 1 is approximately a plane, and the middle part is an upwardly arched arc surface.
  • this embodiment describes in detail the implementation of the wheel set and the assembly method between the wheel set, the side beam and the connecting seat:
  • Fig. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a wheel set in a bogie provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the wheel set includes an axle 31 , a wheel 32 and an axle box 33 .
  • the top surface of the axle box 33 is a plane, and a series of positioning holes 331 are provided in the middle for assembling with a series of suspension devices 5 .
  • Fig. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of a series of suspension devices in the bogie provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • the primary suspension device 5 includes: an elastic buffer portion 51 and a side beam installation portion 52 .
  • the elastic buffer portion 51 includes rigid metal layers and buffer rubber layers stacked and alternately arranged, and the thickness of a single buffer rubber layer is greater than that of a single rigid metal layer.
  • What is positioned at the lowermost layer is a rigid metal layer, and its bottom surface is provided with locating pins, which can be inserted into a series of positioning holes 331 on the top surface of the axle box 33 for positioning, and are used to limit the horizontal displacement of the primary suspension.
  • Both the rigid metal layer and the cushioning rubber layer have a structure with a high middle and low ends, with relatively large lateral rigidity, so that the lateral force between the wheel set and the side beam 1 can be completely borne by the primary suspension device 5, preventing the side beam 1 from bearing the lateral force , in order to adapt to the poor bonding force between the layers of the carbon fiber side sill plate, which is not conducive to bearing the characteristics of lateral force. .
  • the side beam installation part 52 is made of rigid metal, and the side beam installation part 52 is arranged on the top of the elastic buffer part 51 , and the top of the side beam installation part 52 is assembled with the side beam 1 .
  • the side beam installation part 52 is formed into an integral structure with each metal layer and buffer rubber layer through a vulcanization process.
  • the top of the side beam installation part 52 is provided with a second side beam installation groove 521 extending along the longitudinal direction, and the end of the side beam 1 is accommodated in the second side beam installation groove 521 .
  • the depth of the second side beam installation groove 521 is smaller than the thickness of the end portion of the side beam 1 .
  • the second side beam installation groove 521 is used to limit the lateral displacement of the side beam 1 .
  • a series of fixing components 53 are used to straddle above the end of the side beam 1 , and the lateral ends of the series of fixing components 53 extend downward from both sides of the side beam 1 to the A series of suspension devices 5 link to each other.
  • a series of fixing components 53 are made of rigid materials and are used to fix the side beam 1 and limit the lateral displacement of the side beam 1 .
  • Figure 10 is a structural schematic diagram of the assembly of the middle side beam of the bogie and the primary suspension device provided by the embodiment of the present application
  • Figure 11 is a cross-sectional view of the assembly of the middle side beam of the bogie and the primary suspension device provided by the embodiment of the present application
  • Figure 12 is An exploded view of the assembly of side beams and a series of suspension devices in the bogie provided by the embodiment of the present application. As shown in FIGS. 10 to 12 , the end of the side beam 1 extends above the primary suspension device 5 .
  • a specific implementation manner of a series of fixing components 53 is: including a top plate and supporting legs.
  • the top plate is provided with bolt holes.
  • the outriggers are arranged vertically on the lower surface of the top plate; the number of outriggers is multiple, and they are arranged symmetrically on both sides of the upper beam plate.
  • the top of the supporting leg is connected with the top plate, and the bottom end is in contact with the side beam mounting part 52 in the primary suspension device 5, and the supporting leg is provided with a bolt hole through up and down.
  • the connecting bolts 533 of the fixing assembly pass through the bolt holes of the top plate and the bolt holes of the supporting legs in sequence and are inserted into the fixing assembly mounting holes 522 for fixing.
  • the number of the first series of fixing components 53 is at least two, and they are arranged at intervals along the longitudinal direction.
  • four primary fixing assemblies 53 are arranged sequentially along the longitudinal direction, the outer two primary fixing assemblies 53 are connected with the lifting parts, and the inner two primary fixing assemblies 53 are connected with the primary suspension device.
  • the lifting part 55 is installed on the primary suspension device 5 and the axle box 33, and is used for integral hoisting of the bogie. Specifically, as shown in Figures 1, 8, 10, and 12, the top of the axle box 33 extends toward the longitudinal direction to form a lifting edge 332. below.
  • the lifting member 55 is a T-shaped structure, the top of which is connected to a series of fixing components 53 , and the bottom end is provided with a hook-shaped structure, and the hook is arranged below the lifting edge 332 .
  • the bogie provided in this embodiment also includes a secondary suspension device 6 , which is arranged on the connection base 2 and located outside the side beam 1 .
  • the secondary suspension device 6 is used to support the vehicle body and buffer the vertical force between the vehicle body and the bogie.
  • the secondary suspension device 6 is usually arranged on the top of the side beam or on the top of the corbel.
  • the secondary suspension device 6 is arranged on the connecting seat 2 and has no direct connection with the side beam 1 .
  • Figure 13 is a cross-sectional view of the assembly of the secondary suspension device and the connecting seat in the bogie provided by the embodiment of the present application
  • Figure 14 is a structural schematic diagram of the assembly of the secondary suspension device and the connecting seat in the bogie provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • the secondary suspension device 6 can be a rubber pile or an air spring.
  • a secondary positioning pin 61 is arranged at the bottom of the secondary suspension device 6 .
  • a secondary installation seat 23 is arranged on the top of the connection base 2 for assembling the secondary suspension device 6 .
  • the first side beam installation boss 21 is arranged at the middle position of the top of the connecting seat 2
  • the second series installation seat 23 is located on the lateral outer side of the first side beam installation boss 21, and the second series installation seat 23 is provided with a second series positioning hole. 231
  • the secondary positioning pin 61 is inserted into the secondary positioning hole 231 to limit the horizontal displacement of the secondary suspension device 6 .
  • this embodiment also provides an implementation method:
  • Fig. 15 is a structural schematic diagram of the assembly of the braking device and the connecting seat in the bogie provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • brake hangers 24 are respectively provided at both longitudinal ends of the secondary mounting base 23 , and vertically extending hanger installation holes 241 are provided on the brake hangers 24 .
  • a brake caliper is used as the braking device, and the brake caliper is fixed through the mounting hole 241 of the suspension seat by a bolt.
  • Two brake hangers 24 are arranged on one connecting seat 2, and four brake clamps are arranged on the bogie to brake four wheels.
  • Figure 16 is a schematic structural view of the bogie axle box connected to the connecting seat provided by the embodiment of the present application through a single tie rod
  • Figure 17 is an exploded view of the bogie axle box connected to the connecting seat provided by the embodiment of the present application through a single tie rod.
  • a single tie rod 34 is used to connect between the connection seat 2 and the axle box 33 for transmitting longitudinal force.
  • a tie rod connection seat 334 is provided on the longitudinal end surface of the axle box 33, and the tie rod connection seat 334 is provided with a bolt hole.
  • the number of tie rod connecting seats 334 is two, and a space is reserved between the two to accommodate the end of a single tie rod 34 .
  • connection base 2 The longitudinal ends of the connection base 2 are respectively provided with a single tie rod mounting portion, specifically, the connection base 2 has two pull rod installation side walls 25 extending in the transverse direction, and a tie rod installation hole 251 capable of accommodating the end of the single tie rod 34 is provided on it. .
  • Bolt holes are provided on the tie rod installation sidewalls 25 on both sides of the tie rod installation hole 251 .
  • the single tie rod 34 extends along the longitudinal direction, and its two ends are provided with mounting holes for accommodating the elastic nodes 341 . It has a larger mounting hole size on one end and a smaller mounting hole size on the other end.
  • the elastic nodes 341 are press-fitted in the mounting holes.
  • the elastic node 341 is made of vulcanized outer metal and inner rubber, and has a certain strength and a certain buffer capacity. Both ends of the elastic node 341 are provided with connecting protrusions, and bolt holes are provided on it, and the connecting protrusions of the elastic nodes are connected with the tie rod connecting seat 334 on the axle box 33 and the tie rod on the connecting seat 2 through the bolts respectively.
  • the mounting side walls 25 are connected together.
  • this embodiment provides an implementation:
  • Fig. 18 is a schematic structural view of the connection between the traction device and the connection seat in the bogie provided by the embodiment of the present application
  • Fig. 19 is an exploded view of the connection between the traction device and the connection seat in the bogie provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • the traction device 4 includes: a traction beam 41 , a traction pin 42 , a longitudinal stop assembly 43 and a transverse stop assembly 44 .
  • the traction beam 41 extends along the transverse direction and is connected between the two connecting seats 2 .
  • the bottom end of the traction pin 42 is inserted into the accommodation space between the two traction beams 41 , and the top end of the traction pin 42 is used to connect with the vehicle body.
  • the traction pin 42 is used to transmit traction and braking forces between the car body and the bogie.
  • longitudinal stop assemblies 43 which are respectively arranged between the traction pin 42 and the traction beam 41, and are used to buffer the longitudinal force between the traction pin 42 and the traction force 41, and avoid rigid collision between the two.
  • lateral stop assemblies 44 which are respectively arranged between the traction pin 42 and the connecting seat 2, and are used to limit excessive lateral displacement between the car body and the bogie.
  • the lateral stop assembly 44 can be installed on the connection seat 2 specifically. When the vehicle is running straight, there is a certain gap between the lateral stop assembly 44 and the traction pin 42; Lateral stop assembly 44 on one side contacts.
  • a side of the connection base 2 facing the draw beam 41 is provided with a first draw beam interface and a second draw beam interface.
  • One end of the draw beam 41 is connected to one connection base 2 through the first draw beam interface, and is connected to the other connection base 2 through the second connection interface.
  • the first traction beam interface is a first connection part 261 provided on the connection base 2, and the first connection part 261 is provided with a first central hole 2611 and a plurality of first central holes 2611 arranged around the first Bolt holes 2612.
  • the traction beam 41 includes: a beam body 411 , a first connecting plate 412 and a first connecting bolt 413 .
  • one end of the beam body 411 is provided with a first accommodating cavity.
  • One side of the first connection plate 412 is provided with a first inner boss capable of being compressed into the first receiving cavity, and the other side is provided with a first outer boss capable of being accommodated in the first central hole 2611 .
  • the first connecting plate 412 is also provided with a plurality of bolt holes surrounding the first inner boss.
  • the first connecting bolts 413 pass through the bolt holes on the first connecting plate 412 and the first bolt holes 2612 on the first connecting portion 216 in order to be fixed.
  • the second traction beam interface is a second connection portion 262 provided on the connection base 2 .
  • the second connecting portion 262 defines a second central hole 2621 and a plurality of second bolt holes 2622 disposed around the second central hole 2621 .
  • the traction beam 41 further includes: a connecting pin 414 , an elastic buffer sleeve 415 , a connecting flange 416 and a second connecting bolt 417 .
  • one end of the connecting pin 414 facing the drawing beam 41 is provided with a second inner boss that can be pressed against the second accommodating cavity, and the connecting pin 414 is also provided with a plurality of bolt holes arranged around the second inner boss. The pin 414 is inserted into the second central hole 2621 toward one end of the connecting base 2 .
  • the elastic buffer sleeve 415 is sleeved between the connecting pin 414 and the second central hole 2621 .
  • the elastic buffer sleeve 415 can be vulcanized by outer metal and inner rubber, and has a certain buffer capacity.
  • the connecting flange 416 is located on the side of the second connecting portion 262 away from the connecting pin 414, and the second connecting bolt 417 passes through the bolt hole on the connecting flange 416, the second bolt hole 2622 on the second connecting portion 262 and the connecting pin in sequence. 414 bolt holes for connection. Further, the connecting flange 416 is a square flange.
  • the beam body 411 in the traction beam 41 may specifically be a cylindrical structure with a hollow interior.
  • the above-mentioned longitudinal stop assembly 43 includes: an inner fixing part 431 , a longitudinal stop part 432 and an outer fixing part 433 .
  • the inner fixing member 431 has a circular arc surface conforming to the drawing beam 41
  • the inner fixing member surrounds the inner side of the drawing beam.
  • the outer fixing part 433 has a circular arc surface conforming to the shape of the drawing beam 41
  • the outer fixing part 433 surrounds the outside of the drawing beam 41 .
  • the longitudinal stopper 432 is located between the inner fixing member 431 and the traction pin 42 . Bolts are used to connect the outer fixing piece, the inner fixing piece and the longitudinal stop piece together from the upper and lower sides of the drawing beam 41 .
  • the end surface of the connection base 2 facing the drawing beam 41 is provided with a transverse stopper 27 , and the transverse stopper 27 is located between the first drawbeam interface and the second drawbeam interface.
  • the transverse stopper assembly 44 includes: a transverse mounting piece and a transverse stopper. Wherein, the transverse mounting part is connected to the transverse stop part 27 by bolts, and the transverse stopper is fixed on a side of the transverse mounting part facing the traction pin 42 . There is a transverse stop distance between the transverse stopper and the traction pin 42 .
  • FIGS. 20 to 22 are schematic structural views of the traction pin in the bogie provided by the embodiment of the present application
  • Figure 21 is a side view of the traction pin in the bogie provided by the embodiment of the present application
  • Figure 22 is a lateral view of the traction pin in the bogie provided by the embodiment of the present application
  • Schematic diagram of the vibrator assembly As shown in FIGS. 20 to 22 , the top of the traction pin 42 is provided with a vehicle body connecting portion 421 , and a bolt hole is arranged on the vehicle body connecting portion 421 , which is connected to the bottom end of the vehicle body by bolts.
  • the bottom end of the traction pin 42 is provided with a lifting arm 422, and the lifting arm 422 extends along the longitudinal direction.
  • the quantity of lifting arm 422 is two, stretches out towards opposite directions respectively.
  • the lifting arm 422 is used for hoisting the bogie.
  • a shock absorber assembly space 4221 for inserting the transverse shock absorber 92 remains between the two lifting walls 422 .
  • a shock absorber installation hole 4222 is provided on the lifting wall 422 .
  • One end of the transverse shock absorber 92 is installed to the shock absorber installation hole 4222 through an elastic node, and the other end is connected to the shock absorber interface provided at the bottom of the connecting base 2 through an elastic node.
  • the lateral shock absorber 92 is used for buffering the lateral force between the traction pin 42 and the connecting seat 2 .
  • this embodiment also provides an implementation method:
  • Fig. 23 is a schematic structural diagram of the assembly of the driving device and the connecting seat in the bogie provided by the embodiment of the present application
  • Fig. 24 is a top view of the assembly of the driving device and the connecting seat in the bogie provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • one end of the motor balance bar 72 is connected to the shell of the direct drive motor 71 through an elastic node.
  • the other end of the motor balance bar 72 is branched into two connection ends, and each connection end is connected to the connection base 2 through an elastic node.
  • a motor connection portion 28 is provided at the inner end of the top of the connection base 2 .
  • There are two motor connecting parts 28 and there is a space between the two to accommodate the end of the motor balance bar 72 .
  • Bolt holes are provided on the motor connecting portion 28 , and are connected to elastic nodes on the motor balance bar 72 through bolts.
  • the bogie also includes: a vertical shock absorber, an anti-snake shock absorber and an anti-roll torsion bar.
  • a vertical shock absorber also includes: a vertical shock absorber, an anti-snake shock absorber and an anti-roll torsion bar.
  • the shock absorber integrated seat 91 is used to connect to the outer end of the connecting seat 2 .
  • the shock absorber integrated seat 91 can use 3D printing technology to form a skeleton structure, which can reduce weight in addition to having basic support functions.
  • the above-mentioned vertical shock absorber, anti-snaking shock absorber and anti-rolling torsion bar can all be installed on the shock absorber integration seat 91 .
  • Fig. 18 shows that one end of the anti-snaking shock absorber 93 is connected to the shock absorber assembly seat 91, the anti-snaking shock absorber 93 extends along the longitudinal direction, and the other end thereof is connected to the vehicle body.
  • the anti-snaking shock absorber 93 is used on a faster vehicle to slow down the snaking motion of the vehicle.
  • vertical shock absorber 94 extends along vertical direction, and its bottom end is connected on the shock absorber integration seat 91, and the top links to each other with vehicle body.
  • the vertical shock absorber 94 is used to slow down the vertical force between the bogie and the vehicle body.
  • the anti-rolling torsion bar 95 is connected to the shock absorber assembly seat 91 and includes a laterally extending portion and a vertically extending portion, wherein the top of the vertically extending portion is in contact with the vehicle body.
  • the anti-roll torsion bar 95 is used to avoid excessive inclination of the vehicle body, thereby improving comfort and avoiding vehicle rollover accidents.
  • This embodiment provides a rail vehicle, which adopts the above-mentioned bogie.
  • the rail vehicle can be a diesel locomotive or an electric locomotive, and can be an EMU, subway, light rail or tram.
  • the rail vehicle provided by this embodiment has the same technical effect as the above bogie.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
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  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Vibration Prevention Devices (AREA)
  • Vehicle Body Suspensions (AREA)

Abstract

本申请实施例提供一种单层侧梁转向架及轨道车辆，其中，转向架包括：并排设置的两个侧梁；两个连接座；一个连接座设置在一个侧梁中部的下方；两个连接座之间通过牵引装置相连；两个轮对，分别设置在侧梁的端部下方；所述轮对包括车轴、对称设置在车轴上的车轮和轴箱；一系悬挂装置，设置在每个轴箱与侧梁端部之间。本申请实施例提供的技术方案能够减轻转向架的重量，利于轻量化设计。

Description

单层侧梁转向架及轨道车辆 技术领域
本申请涉及车辆走行技术，尤其涉及一种单层侧梁转向架及轨道车辆。
背景技术
转向架是轨道车辆的重要部件，用于对车体进行承载并实现走行和转向功能。转向架包括构架、轮对、牵引装置、缓冲装置等结构，常用的构架通常包括沿车长方向延伸的两个侧梁和连接两个侧梁之间的横梁，横梁与侧梁之间的连接方式有很多种。技术人员在研究了多种形式的转向架之后，发现传统的转向架存在一些技术缺陷，例如：自重较大，导致轮对作用力大，轮轨磨耗较大，产生较大的噪声；构架刚性连接，减振能力较差，导致车厢振动较大，乘坐舒适性较差；轮重减载率大，降低安全性；抗侧滚能力较差使车厢易发生侧翻的问题，垂向缓冲能力不足导致车厢振动较大使乘坐舒适度较差，自重较大导致牵引效率较低，因部件安装布局不合理导致装配效率较低等。
发明内容
本申请实施例中提供一种单层侧梁转向架及轨道车辆。
根据本申请实施例的第一个方面，提供了一种单层侧梁转向架，包括：
并排设置的两个侧梁；
两个连接座；一个连接座设置在一个侧梁中部的下方；两个连接座之间通过牵引装置相连；
两个轮对，分别设置在侧梁的端部下方；所述轮对包括车轴、对称设置在车轴上的车轮和轴箱；
一系悬挂装置，设置在每个轴箱与侧梁端部之间。
根据本申请实施例的第二个方面，提供了一种轨道车辆，包括：如上所述 的单层侧梁转向架。
本申请实施例提供的转向架摒弃了传统的横梁结构，采用连接座用于对单层侧梁进行连接和固定，并采用牵引装置将两个连接座连接在一起，能够大幅度减轻转向架自身的重量，有利于提高轨道车辆的牵引效率。而且连接座提供了多个接口，用于连接侧梁、牵引装置等部件，在满足转向架基本功能的基础上，简化了转向架的结构，利于轻量化设计。
附图说明
此处所说明的附图用来提供对本申请的进一步理解，构成本申请的一部分，本申请的示意性实施例及其说明用于解释本申请，并不构成对本申请的不当限定。在附图中：
图1为本申请实施例提供的非动力转向架的结构示意图；
图2为本申请实施例提供的非动力转向架的俯视图；
图3为本申请实施例提供的动力转向架的结构示意图；
图4为本申请实施例提供的动力转向架的俯视图；
图5为本申请实施例提供的转向架中侧梁的结构示意图；
图6为本申请实施例提供的转向架中连接座的结构示意图；
图7为本申请实施例提供的转向架中侧梁与连接座装配的爆炸视图；
图8为本申请实施例提供的转向架中轮对的结构示意图；
图9为本申请实施例提供的转向架中一系悬挂装置的结构示意图；
图10为本申请实施例提供的转向架中侧梁与一系悬挂装置装配的结构示意图；
图11为本申请实施例提供的转向架中侧梁与一系悬挂装置装配的剖视图；
图12为本申请实施例提供的转向架中侧梁与一系悬挂装置装配的爆炸视图；
图13为本申请实施例提供的转向架中二系悬挂装置与连接座装配的剖视 图；
图14为本申请实施例提供的转向架中二系悬挂装置与连接座装配的结构示意图；
图15为本申请实施例提供的转向架中制动装置与连接座装配的结构示意图；
图16为本申请实施例提供的转向架中轴箱与连接座通过单拉杆相连的结构示意图；
图17为本申请实施例提供的转向架中轴箱与连接座通过单拉杆相连的爆炸视图；
图18为本申请实施例提供的转向架中牵引装置与连接座相连的结构示意图；
图19为本申请实施例提供的转向架中牵引装置与连接座相连的爆炸视图；
图20为本申请实施例提供的转向架中牵引销的结构示意图；
图21为本申请实施例提供的转向架中牵引销的侧视图；
图22为本申请实施例提供的转向架中横向减振器装配的结构示意图；
图23为本申请实施例提供的转向架中驱动装置与连接座装配的结构示意图；
图24为本申请实施例提供的转向架中驱动装置与连接座装配的俯视图。
附图标记：
1-侧梁；
2-连接座；21-第一侧梁安装凸台；22-固定座；221-固定螺栓；223-第一下衬件；23-二系安装座；231-二系定位孔；24-制动吊座；241-吊座安装孔；25-拉杆连接侧壁；251-拉杆安装孔；261-第一连接部；2611-第一中心孔；2612-第一螺栓孔；262-第二连接部；2621-第二中心孔；2622-第二螺栓孔；27-横向止挡部；28-电机安装部；
31-车轴；32-车轮；33-轴箱；331-一系定位孔；332-提吊边缘；334-拉杆连接座；34-单拉杆；341-弹性节点；
4-牵引装置；41-牵引梁；411-梁体；412-第一连接盘；413-第一连接螺栓；414-连接销；415-弹性缓冲套；416-连接法兰；417-第二连接螺栓；42-牵引销；421-车体连接部；422-提吊臂；4221-减振器装配空间；4222-减振器安装孔；43-纵向止挡组件；431-内侧固定件；432-纵向止挡件；433-外侧固定件；44-横向止挡组件；
5-一系悬挂装置；51-弹性缓冲部；52-侧梁安装部；521-第二侧梁安装槽；522-固定组件安装孔；53-一系固定组件；533-固定组件连接螺栓；55-提吊件；
6-二系悬挂装置；61-二系定位销；
71-直驱电机；72-电机平衡杆；
8-制动装置；
91-减振器集成座；92-横向减振器；93-抗蛇行减振器；94-垂向减振器；95-抗侧滚扭杆。
具体实施方式
为了使本申请实施例中的技术方案及优点更加清楚明白，以下结合附图对本申请的示例性实施例进行进一步详细的说明，显然，所描述的实施例仅是本申请的一部分实施例，而不是所有实施例的穷举。需要说明的是，在不冲突的情况下，本申请中的实施例及实施例中的特征可以相互组合。
本实施例提供一种单层侧梁转向架，能够应用于轨道车辆中。本实施例中，将车长方向称为纵向，将车宽方向称为横向，将车高方向称为竖直方向、竖向或垂向。
图1为本申请实施例提供的非动力转向架的结构示意图，图2为本申请实施例提供的非动力转向架的俯视图。如图1和图2所示，本实施例提供一种转向架，包括：侧梁1、连接座2、轮对、牵引装置4和一系悬挂装置5。
侧梁1为单层结构，其数量为两个，沿纵向方向延伸。两个侧梁1并排设置，二者之间留有间距。连接座2的数量为两个，一个连接座2设置在一个侧梁1中部的下方，连接座2用于对侧梁1进行承托。
牵引装置4连接在两个连接座2之间，牵引装置4还用于与轨道车辆的车体相接，用于在车体与转向架之间传递纵向的牵引力和制动力。
轮对的数量为两个，分别设置在侧梁1的端部下方，轮对包括：车轴31、对称设置在车轴31上的车轮32和轴箱33。
一系悬挂装置5设置在轴箱33与侧梁1的端部之间，用于对侧梁1进行支承，并对侧梁1与轮对3之间的垂向力进行缓冲。
本实施例提供的转向架摒弃了传统的横梁结构，采用连接座用于对单层侧梁进行连接和固定，并采用牵引装置将两个连接座连接在一起，能够大幅度减轻转向架自身的重量，有利于提高轨道车辆的牵引效率。而且连接座提供了多个接口，用于连接侧梁、牵引装置等部件，在满足转向架基本功能的基础上，简化了转向架的结构，利于轻量化设计。
当转向架上不设置驱动装置时，该转向架作为非动力转向架。当转向架上设置驱动装置时，该转向架作为动力转向架。图3为本申请实施例提供的动力转向架的结构示意图，图4为本申请实施例提供的动力转向架的俯视图。如图3和图4所示，驱动装置包括：直驱电机71和电机平衡杆72。直驱电机71设置在车轴31上，转子与车轴31相连，直驱电机71的定子与外壳固定连接。连接座2还提供了与直驱电机71的连接接口，直驱电机71的外壳通过电机平衡杆72与连接座2相连。另外，直驱电机71的外壳通过电机端盖与轴箱33固定。
采用直驱电机71直接驱动车轴31转动，省去了传统转向架中的齿轮减速器，进一步简化转向架的结构，减轻转向架的重量。
进一步的，转向架还包括制动装置8，用于对车轮32进行制动。本实施例中，制动装置8采用制动夹钳，固定至连接座2上。在制动过程中，制动夹钳 夹紧车轮32两侧的轮盘面进行制动。
图5为本申请实施例提供的转向架中单层侧梁的结构示意图。如图5所示，侧梁1为单层侧梁，沿着从侧梁1的中部向端部的方向，侧梁1的厚度逐渐减小，即：侧梁1呈中间厚两端薄的形状。
基于上述设计思路，本实施例提供一种转向架的具体实现方式：
图6为本申请实施例提供的转向架中连接座的结构示意图。如图6所示，连接座2的顶部设置有第一侧梁安装凸台21，第一侧梁安装凸台21的表面为平面，平面形状为矩形，矩形的长边与纵向平行。侧梁1的中部设置于第一侧梁安装凸台21上。第一侧梁安装凸台21用于调节侧梁1的高度，使其满足侧梁的高度要求。
图7为本申请实施例提供的转向架中侧梁与连接座装配的爆炸视图。如图7所示，一种实现方式为：采用固定座22跨设于侧梁1上方，固定座22的横向两端从侧梁1的两侧向下延伸。固定座22用于限制侧梁1的垂向位移。
一种实现方式为：固定座22的顶部呈长条形结构，沿横向方向延伸，其两端从侧梁1的两侧向下延伸并连接至连接座2。
另一种实现方式为：固定座22包括：固定顶板、固定侧板及固定螺栓。其中，固定顶板沿与侧梁1平行的方向延伸，固定侧板竖向设置在固定顶板的横向两端，固定侧板向下延伸。固定侧板与固定顶板可以为一体结构，固定顶板与固定侧板之间围成一个可容纳侧梁的凹槽。固定顶板大致为矩形，其四个顶角做圆弧过渡。四个顶角处开设竖向的螺栓孔，螺栓孔从固定顶板的顶面延伸至固定侧板的底面。固定螺栓221依次穿过固定顶板和固定侧板上设置的螺栓孔后连接至连接座2。
本实施例中，侧梁1可采用复合纤维制成，例如：碳纤维材料，具有一定的柔性变形能力。连接座2采用刚性材料制成，具有一定的强度，为其他部件提供接口。固定座22也可采用刚性材料制成。
当侧梁1采用碳纤维材料制成时，进一步的，采用第一下衬件223设置在 第一侧梁安装凸台21与侧梁1中部之间，用于对侧梁1进行防护，避免侧梁1在与连接座3长时间接触之后产生磨损。
第一下衬件223可以为平板状结构，与第一侧梁安装凸台21的表面平行设置。第一下衬件223的宽度与侧梁1中部的宽度相同或小于侧梁1中部的宽度，以侧梁1进行防护。
当侧梁1采用碳纤维材料制成时，在受到车体不同的载荷下，侧梁1自身产生形变，能够对垂向载荷进行调整及缓冲。当侧梁1受到较小的第一垂向载荷时，例如：车辆处于空载状态，侧梁1的顶面均为平面，侧梁1中部的厚度为第一厚度值。当侧梁1受到较大的第二垂向载荷时，例如：车辆处于满载状态，侧梁1发生变形，其中部下降，两端抬高。侧梁1自身发生形变，可作为三系悬挂装置对垂向载荷进行缓冲，进一步减小了车体的振动，提高乘坐舒适度。
侧梁1中部的厚度大于端部的厚度；从侧梁1中部向端部的方向，侧梁1的厚度逐渐减小。本实施例中，侧梁1的底面近似为平面，中部为向上拱起的弧面。
在上述技术方案的基础上，本实施例对轮对的实现方式及轮对与侧梁、连接座之间的装配方式进行详细说明：
图8为本申请实施例提供的转向架中轮对的结构示意图。如图8所示，轮对包括车轴31、车轮32及轴箱33，车轮32对称设置在车轴31上，轴箱33对称设置在车轴31上且位于车轮32的内侧。轴箱33的顶面为平面，其中部设置一系定位孔331用于与一系悬挂装置5进行装配。
图9为本申请实施例提供的转向架中一系悬挂装置的结构示意图。如图9所示，一系悬挂装置5包括：弹性缓冲部51和侧梁安装部52。弹性缓冲部51包括层叠且交替设置的刚性金属层和缓冲橡胶层，单个缓冲橡胶层的厚度大于单个刚性金属层的厚度。位于最下层的是刚性金属层，其底面设置定位销，定位销可插入轴箱33顶面的一系定位孔331进行定位，用于限制一系悬 挂装置的水平位移。
刚性金属层和缓冲橡胶层均为中间高两端低的结构，横向刚度较大，能够使轮对与侧梁1间的横向力完全由一系悬挂装置5承受，避免侧梁1承受横向力，以适应碳纤维侧梁板层间结合力差、不利于承受横向力的特点。。
侧梁安装部52为刚性金属制成，侧梁安装部52设置在弹性缓冲部51的顶部，侧梁安装部52的顶部与侧梁1装配。侧梁安装部52与各金属层、缓冲橡胶层通过硫化工艺形成为一体结构。
一种实现方式：侧梁安装部52的顶部设有沿纵向方向延伸的第二侧梁安装槽521，侧梁1的端部容纳于第二侧梁安装槽521内。第二侧梁安装槽521的深度小于侧梁1端部的厚度。第二侧梁安装槽521用于限制侧梁1的横向位移。
进一步的，如图1至图4所示，采用一系固定组件53横跨在侧梁1端部的上方，一系固定组件53的横向两端从侧梁1的两侧向下延伸至与一系悬挂装置5相连。一系固定组件53采用刚性材料制成，用于固定侧梁1，限制侧梁1的横向位移。
图10为本申请实施例提供的转向架中侧梁与一系悬挂装置装配的结构示意图，图11为本申请实施例提供的转向架中侧梁与一系悬挂装置装配的剖视图，图12为本申请实施例提供的转向架中侧梁与一系悬挂装置装配的爆炸视图。如图10至图12所示，侧梁1的端部延伸至一系悬挂装置5的上方。
一系固定组件53的一种具体实现方式为：包括顶板、支腿。顶板设有螺栓孔。支腿竖向设置在顶板的下表面；支腿的数量为多个，对称设置在上侧梁板的两侧。支腿的顶端与顶板相连，底端与一系悬挂装置5中的侧梁安装部52接触，支腿内设有上下贯通的螺栓孔。固定组件连接螺栓533依次穿过顶板的螺栓孔和支腿的螺栓孔穿入固定组件安装孔522固定。
本实施例中，支腿的数量为两个，对称设置在顶板的横向两端。一系固定组件53与侧梁1之间可留有一定距离，一系固定组件53的数量为至少两个， 沿纵向方向依次间隔排布。具体的，采用四个一系固定组件53沿纵向方向依次布设，外侧的两个一系固定组件53与提吊件相连，内侧的两个一系固定组件53与一系悬挂装置相连。
提吊件55安装至一系悬挂装置5与轴箱33上，用于对转向架进行整体吊装。具体的，如图1、8、10、12所示，轴箱33的顶部朝向纵向方向延伸形成提吊边缘332，提吊件55的下部设有提吊钩，卡设于提吊边缘332的下方。本实施例中，提吊件55为丁字形结构，其顶部与一系固定组件53相连，底端设有钩状结构，钩设于提吊边缘332的下方。
进一步的，本实施例提供的转向架还包括二系悬挂装置6，设置在连接座2上，且位于侧梁1的外侧。二系悬挂装置6用于对车体进行支承，并对车体与转向架之间的垂向力进行缓冲。传统的转向架中，二系悬挂装置6通常设置在侧梁的顶部或设置在枕梁的顶部。与传统转向架不同的是：本申请提出的转向架中，二系悬挂装置6是设置在连接座2上，与侧梁1没有直接的连接关系。
本实施例提供一种实现方式：
图13为本申请实施例提供的转向架中二系悬挂装置与连接座装配的剖视图，图14为本申请实施例提供的转向架中二系悬挂装置与连接座装配的结构示意图。如图6、13、14所示，二系悬挂装置6可以为橡胶堆，也可以为空气弹簧。在二系悬挂装置6的底部设置二系定位销61。
对应在连接座2顶部设置二系安装座23，用于装配二系悬挂装置6。具体的，连接座2的顶部中间位置设置第一侧梁安装凸台21，二系安装座23位于第一侧梁安装凸台21的横向外侧，二系安装座23上设有二系定位孔231，二系定位销61插入二系定位孔231内，用于限制二系悬挂装置6的水平位移。
对于制动装置8的装配方式，本实施例也提供一种实现方式：
图15为本申请实施例提供的转向架中制动装置与连接座装配的结构示意图。如图6和图15所示，在二系安装座23的纵向两端分别设有制动吊座24，制动吊座24上设置竖向延伸的吊座安装孔241。本实施例采用制动夹钳作为 制动装置，制动夹钳通过螺栓穿过吊座安装孔241进行固定。一个连接座2上设置两个制动吊座24，转向架共设置四个制动夹钳，对四个车轮进行制动。
图16为本申请实施例提供的转向架中轴箱与连接座通过单拉杆相连的结构示意图，图17为本申请实施例提供的转向架中轴箱与连接座通过单拉杆相连的爆炸视图。如图16和图17所示，采用单拉杆34连接在连接座2与轴箱33之间，用于传递纵向力。
具体的，如图8、10、12、17所示，轴箱33的纵向端面设置拉杆连接座334，拉杆连接座334开设螺栓孔。拉杆连接座334的数量为两个，二者之间预留可容纳单拉杆34端部的空隙。
连接座2的纵向端部分别设有单拉杆安装部，具体的，连接座2具有两个沿横向方向延伸的拉杆安装侧壁25，其上开设可容纳单拉杆34端部的拉杆安装孔251。拉杆安装孔251两侧的拉杆安装侧壁25上开设螺栓孔。
单拉杆34沿纵向方向延伸，其两端设有用于容纳弹性节点341的安装孔。其一端的安装孔尺寸较大，另一端的安装孔尺寸较小。弹性节点341压装于安装孔内。弹性节点341由外层金属及内层橡胶硫化而成，具有一定的强度且具有一定的缓冲能力。弹性节点341的两端设有连接凸部，其上开设螺栓孔，通过螺栓分别将弹性节点的连接凸部与轴箱33上的拉杆连接座334连接在一起，以及与连接座2上的拉杆安装侧壁25连接在一起。
对于牵引装置4，本实施例提供一种实现方式：
图18为本申请实施例提供的转向架中牵引装置与连接座相连的结构示意图，图19为本申请实施例提供的转向架中牵引装置与连接座相连的爆炸视图。如图18和图19所示，牵引装置4包括：牵引梁41、牵引销42、纵向止挡组件43和横向止挡组件44。其中，牵引梁41的数量为两个，并排设置，二者之间留有容纳空间。牵引梁41沿横向方向延伸，连接在两个连接座2之间。
牵引销42的底端插设于两个牵引梁41之间的容纳空间内，牵引销42的顶端用于与车体相接。牵引销42用于传递车体与转向架之间的牵引力和制动 力。
纵向止挡组件43的数量为两个，分别设置在牵引销42与牵引梁41之间，用于对牵引销42与牵引力41之间的纵向力进行缓冲，避免二者之间产生刚性撞击。
横向止挡组件44的数量为两个，分别设置在在牵引销42与连接座2之间，用于限制车体与转向架之间产生过大的横向位移。横向止挡组件44具体可安装在连接座2上，在车辆直线行驶时，横向止挡组件44与牵引销42之间具有一定间隙；在车体受到过大的横向力时，牵引销42与一侧的横向止挡组件44接触。
本实施例提供一种具体的实现方式：连接座2朝向牵引梁41的一侧面设有第一牵引梁接口和第二牵引梁接口。牵引梁41的一端通过第一牵引梁接口与一个连接座2相连，通过第二连接接口与另一个连接座2相连。
如图6所示，第一牵引梁接口为设置在连接座2上的第一连接部261，第一连接部261设有第一中心孔2611以及围绕第一中心孔2611设置的多个第一螺栓孔2612。
如图19所示，牵引梁41包括：梁体411、第一连接盘412和第一连接螺栓413。其中，梁体411的一端设有第一容纳空腔。第一连接盘412的一侧设有可压紧于第一容纳空腔内的第一内侧凸台，另一侧设有可容纳于第一中心孔2611内的第一外侧凸台。第一连接盘412上还设有围绕第一内侧凸台设置的多个螺栓孔。第一连接螺栓413依次穿过第一连接盘412上的螺栓孔和第一连接部216上的第一螺栓孔2612进行固定。
如图6所示，第二牵引梁接口为设置在连接座2上的第二连接部262。第二连接部262设有第二中心孔2621以及围绕第二中心孔2621设置的多个第二螺栓孔2622。
如图19所示，梁体411的另一端设有第二容纳空腔。牵引梁41还包括：连接销414、弹性缓冲套415、连接法兰416和第二连接螺栓417。其中，连接 销414中朝向牵引梁41的一端设有可压紧于第二容纳空腔的第二内侧凸台，连接销414还设有围绕第二内侧凸台设置的多个螺栓孔，连接销414朝向连接座2的一端插入第二中心孔2621。
弹性缓冲套415套设于连接销414与第二中心孔2621之间。弹性缓冲套415可采用外层金属与内层橡胶硫化而成的结构，具有一定的缓冲能力。
连接法兰416位于第二连接部262背离连接销414的一侧，第二连接螺栓417依次穿过连接法兰416上的螺栓孔、第二连接部262上的第二螺栓孔2622和连接销414上的螺栓孔进行连接。进一步的，连接法兰416为方形法兰。
上述方案中，牵引梁41中的梁体411具体可以为圆筒状结构，其内部中空。
上述纵向止挡组件43包括：内侧固定件431、纵向止挡件432和外侧固定件433。其中，内侧固定件431具有与牵引梁41形状贴合的圆弧表面，内侧固定件围设在牵引梁的内侧。外侧固定件433具有与牵引梁41形状贴合的圆弧表面，外侧固定件433围设在牵引梁41的外侧。纵向止挡件432位于内侧固定件431与牵引销42之间。采用螺栓从牵引梁41的上下两侧将外侧固定件、内侧固定件、纵向止挡件连接在一起。
如图6所示，连接座2朝向牵引梁41的端面设有横向止挡部27，横向止挡部27位于第一牵引梁接口和第二牵引梁接口之间。横向止挡组件44包括：横向安装件和横向止挡件。其中，横向安装件通过螺栓连接至横向止挡部27，横向止挡件固定在横向安装件朝向牵引销42的一侧面。横向止挡件与牵引销42之间留有横向止挡间距。
图20为本申请实施例提供的转向架中牵引销的结构示意图，图21为本申请实施例提供的转向架中牵引销的侧视图，图22为本申请实施例提供的转向架中横向减振器装配的结构示意图。如图20至图22所示，牵引销42的顶端设置车体连接部421，车体连接部421上设置螺栓孔，通过螺栓连接至车体的底端。牵引销42的底端设有提吊臂422，提吊臂422沿纵向方向延伸。提吊臂 422的数量为两个，分别朝相反的方向伸出。提吊臂422用于对转向架进行吊装时使用。
两个提吊壁422之间留有供横向减振器92插入的减振器装配空间4221。提吊壁422上开设减振器安装孔4222。横向减振器92的一端通过弹性节点安装至减振器安装孔4222，另一端通过弹性节点连接至连接座2底部设置的减振器接口。横向减振器92用于对牵引销42与连接座2之间的横向力进行缓冲。
对于上述驱动装置，本实施例也提供一种实现方式：
图23为本申请实施例提供的转向架中驱动装置与连接座装配的结构示意图，图24为本申请实施例提供的转向架中驱动装置与连接座装配的俯视图。如图23和24所示，电机平衡杆72的一端通过弹性节点与直驱电机71的外壳相连。电机平衡杆72的另一端岔分出两个连接端，每个连接端通过弹性节点与连接座2相连。
具体的，如图6所述，连接座2顶部的内侧端设置有电机连接部28。电机连接部28的数量为两个，二者之间留有可容纳电机平衡杆72端部的空间。电机连接部28上开设螺栓孔，通过螺栓与电机平衡杆72上的弹性节点相连。
进一步的，转向架还包括：垂向减振器、抗蛇行减振器和抗侧滚扭杆。本实施例也提供具体的实现方式：
如图18所示，采用减振器集成座91连接在连接座2的外侧端部。减振器集成座91可采用3D打印技术形成骨架式结构，在具备基本的支撑功能之外，减轻重量。上述垂向减振器、抗蛇行减振器和抗侧滚扭杆均可以安装在减振器集成座91上。
图18展示了抗蛇行减振器93的一端连接至减振器集成座91上，抗蛇行减振器93沿纵向方向延伸，其另一端连接至车体。抗蛇行减振器93用于速度较快的车辆上，用于减缓车辆的蛇行运动。
如图1所示，垂向减振器94沿垂向方向延伸，其底端连接至减振器集成 座91上，顶端与车体相连。垂向减振器94用于减缓转向架与车体之间的垂向力。
抗侧滚扭杆95连接至减振器集成座91上，包括沿横向延伸部和垂向延伸部，其中，垂向延伸部的顶部与车体相接。抗侧滚扭杆95用于避免车体发生过大的倾斜，进而提高舒适度，及避免车辆侧翻事故发生。
本实施例提供一种轨道车辆，采用上述转向架。该轨道车辆可以为内燃机车或电力机车，可以为动车组、地铁、轻轨或有轨电车等。本实施例提供的轨道车辆具有与上述转向架相同的技术效果。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种单层侧梁转向架，其特征在于，包括：
    并排设置的两个侧梁；
    两个连接座；一个连接座设置在一个侧梁中部的下方；两个连接座之间通过牵引装置相连；
    两个轮对，分别设置在侧梁的端部下方；所述轮对包括车轴、对称设置在车轴上的车轮和轴箱；
    一系悬挂装置，设置在每个轴箱与侧梁端部之间。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的转向架，其特征在于，还包括：驱动装置，用于驱动车轴转动；
    所述驱动装置包括：直驱电机及电机平衡杆，直驱电机的转子与车轴相连，直驱电机的外壳通过电机平衡杆与连接座相连，且直驱电机的外壳通过电机端盖与轴箱固定。
  3. 根据权利要求1或2所述的转向架，其特征在于，所述连接座的顶部设置有第一侧梁安装凸台，所述侧梁的中部设置于所述第一侧梁安装凸台上方。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的转向架，其特征在于，所述连接座的纵向端部分别设置有单拉杆安装部；
    所述转向架还包括：
    单拉杆；所述单拉杆沿纵向方向延伸，单拉杆的一端通过弹性节点与所述连接座上的单拉杆安装部相连，另一端通过弹性节点与轴箱相连。
  5. 根据权利要求3所述的转向架，其特征在于，所述侧梁采用复合纤维材料制成；所述转向架还包括：第一下衬件，设置在第一侧梁安装凸台与侧梁中部之间，所述第一下衬件的宽度与侧梁中部的宽度相同或小于侧梁中部的宽度。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的转向架，其特征在于，所述侧梁中部的厚度大 于端部的厚度；从侧梁中部向端部的方向，侧梁的厚度逐渐减小。
  7. 根据权利要求1或2所述的转向架，其特征在于，所述一系悬挂装置包括：
    弹性缓冲部；所述弹性缓冲部包括：层叠且交替设置的刚性金属层和缓冲橡胶层；
    侧梁安装部，为刚性金属制成；侧梁安装部设置在弹性缓冲部的顶部；侧梁安装部的顶部与侧梁装配；
    侧梁安装部与各金属层、缓冲橡胶层通过硫化工艺形成为一体结构。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的转向架，其特征在于，所述侧梁安装部的顶部设有沿纵向方向延伸的第二侧梁安装槽，所述侧梁的端部容纳于所述第二侧梁安装槽内；所述第二侧梁安装槽的深度小于侧梁端部的厚度。
  9. 根据权利要求7所述的转向架，其特征在于，还包括：
    提吊件，其顶部固定至侧梁安装部；轴箱的顶部朝向纵向方向延伸形成提吊边缘；所述提吊件的下部卡设于提吊边缘下方。
  10. 一种轨道车辆，其特征在于，包括：如权利要求1-9任一项所述的单层侧梁转向架。
PCT/CN2022/133992 2021-11-24 2022-11-24 单层侧梁转向架及轨道车辆 WO2023093800A1 (zh)

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