WO2023093475A1 - 智能表面控制方法及其相关设备 - Google Patents

智能表面控制方法及其相关设备 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023093475A1
WO2023093475A1 PCT/CN2022/129217 CN2022129217W WO2023093475A1 WO 2023093475 A1 WO2023093475 A1 WO 2023093475A1 CN 2022129217 W CN2022129217 W CN 2022129217W WO 2023093475 A1 WO2023093475 A1 WO 2023093475A1
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Prior art keywords
control information
smart surface
control
electromagnetic unit
smart
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PCT/CN2022/129217
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
李南希
朱剑驰
郭婧
尹航
佘小明
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中国电信股份有限公司
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Publication of WO2023093475A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023093475A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W24/00—Supervisory, monitoring or testing arrangements
    • H04W24/02—Arrangements for optimising operational condition
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L12/00—Data switching networks
    • H04L12/02—Details
    • H04L12/12—Arrangements for remote connection or disconnection of substations or of equipment thereof

Definitions

  • the present disclosure relates to the field of communication technologies, and in particular to a smart surface control method and related equipment.
  • Intelligent Reflecting Surface Intelligent Reflecting Surface
  • RIS Reconfigurable Intelligent Surface
  • intelligent surface is composed of a large number of low-cost electromagnetic units, which can be The parameters of the unit (such as phase) are adjusted to control the reflection direction of the signal incident on the smart surface, so that the signal is reflected in the desired direction. Due to the characteristics of low cost, low power consumption, and easy deployment, smart surfaces are expected to become candidate technologies for 6G wireless communications.
  • a smart surface control method including: monitoring first control information for turning on or off the smart surface; when the smart surface is in the on state, monitoring the second Control information and/or third control information, the second control information is used to adjust the electromagnetic unit period of the smart surface, and the third control information is used to adjust the electromagnetic unit regulation parameter set of the smart surface.
  • the method further includes: when the smart surface is in the on state and the second control information and the third control information are not heard, according to the preset period and preset The electromagnetic unit control parameter group of the smart surface is adjusted in a setting manner.
  • the adjusted electromagnetic unit regulation parameter set lasts for a period of time.
  • the first control information includes one or more bits
  • the method further includes: turning on or off the smart surface according to the number and combination of bits of the first control information.
  • turning on or off the smart surface includes: when the first control information includes one bit, turning on or off the smart surface All panels or electromagnetic units on the surface; when the first control information includes multiple bits, turn on or off all or part of the panels or electromagnetic units on the smart surface at a preset time, or turn on after a preset time length Or turn off all or part of the panels or electromagnetic units of the smart surface.
  • the second control information includes one or more bits
  • the method further includes: adjusting the period of the electromagnetic unit according to the number and combination of bits of the second control information.
  • adjusting the period of the electromagnetic unit according to the number of bits and combinations of the second control information includes: when the second control information includes one bit, adjusting the period of the electromagnetic unit lengthen or shorten the preset time length; when the second control information includes a plurality of bits, lengthen, shorten or adjust the period of the electromagnetic unit to a designated time.
  • the third control information includes one or more bits
  • the method further includes: adjusting the electromagnetic unit control parameter group according to the number and combination of bits of the third control information .
  • adjusting the electromagnetic unit regulation parameter set according to the number of bits and the combination mode of the third control information includes: when the third control information includes one bit, switching according to a preset method The electromagnetic unit regulation parameter group; when the third control information includes a plurality of bits, the electromagnetic unit regulation parameter group is set in any manner.
  • the setting of the electromagnetic unit regulation parameter group in any way includes at least one of the following: locking the current electromagnetic unit regulation parameter group; unlocking the current electromagnetic unit regulation parameter group; The parameter group is adjusted to the previous group of electromagnetic unit regulation parameter groups of the current electromagnetic unit regulation parameter group; the current electromagnetic unit regulation parameter group is adjusted to any set of preset electromagnetic unit regulation parameter groups.
  • the above method further includes: adjusting the electromagnetic wave reflection or transmission characteristics of the smart surface based on the selection of the control parameter set of the electromagnetic unit.
  • the electromagnetic wave reflection or transmission characteristics include at least one of the following: the phase of the reflected electromagnetic wave or the transmitted electromagnetic wave; the amplitude of the reflected electromagnetic wave or the transmitted electromagnetic wave; the energy distribution of the reflected electromagnetic wave or the transmitted electromagnetic wave in space.
  • the above method further includes: turning on or off the smart surface according to the first control information; adjusting the electromagnetic unit period of the smart surface according to the second control information;
  • the third control information adjusts the electromagnetic unit regulation parameter set of the smart surface.
  • a network device including: a transmission module configured to send first control information to a smart surface; when the smart surface is in an on state, send second control information to the smart surface information and/or third control information; wherein, the first control information is used to turn on or off the smart surface, the second control information is used to adjust the electromagnetic unit period of the smart surface, and the third control information The information is used to adjust the electromagnetic unit regulation parameter set of the smart surface.
  • a smart surface including: a monitoring module configured to monitor first control information; when the smart surface is in an on state, monitor second control information and/or third control information; and A control module configured to turn on or off the smart surface according to the first control information, adjust the electromagnetic unit period of the smart surface according to the second control information, and adjust the smart surface according to the third control information
  • the electromagnetic unit control parameter group of is provided.
  • a smart surface control system including: a network device configured to send first control information; when the smart surface is in an on state, send second control information or third control information; and The smart surface is configured to monitor the first control information; when the smart surface is turned on, monitor the second control information and/or the third control information; wherein the first control information is used to turn on Or turn off the smart surface, the second control information is used to adjust the electromagnetic unit period of the smart surface, and the third control information is used to adjust the electromagnetic unit regulation parameter set of the smart surface.
  • the smart surface is configured to turn on or off the smart surface according to the first control information, adjust the electromagnetic unit period of the smart surface according to the second control information, and adjust the electromagnetic unit period of the smart surface according to the first control information.
  • the third control information adjusts the electromagnetic unit regulation parameter set of the smart surface.
  • an electronic device including: a processor; and a memory for storing executable instructions of the processor; wherein the processor is configured to execute the executable instructions to Execute the smart surface control method described above.
  • a computer-readable storage medium on which a computer program is stored, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, the above smart surface control method is realized.
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematic diagram of a working scene of a smart surface control method and related equipment in an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • Fig. 2 shows a flow chart of a smart surface control method in an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 3 shows a schematic diagram of the relationship between an intra-period control parameter group and reflected waves in an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • Fig. 4 shows a flowchart of another smart surface control method in an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 5 shows a structural block diagram of a network device in an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • Fig. 6 shows a structural block diagram of a smart surface in an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • Fig. 7 shows a structural block diagram of a smart surface control system in an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • Fig. 8 shows a structural block diagram of an electronic device in an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • Example embodiments will now be described more fully with reference to the accompanying drawings.
  • Example embodiments may, however, be embodied in many forms and should not be construed as limited to the examples set forth herein; rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete and will fully convey the concept of example embodiments to those skilled in the art.
  • the described features, structures, or characteristics may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments.
  • the smart surface control method provided in the present disclosure can monitor the first control information; when the smart surface is in the on state, monitor the second control information and/or the third control information; wherein, the first control information is used to turn on or off the smart surface
  • the second control information is used to adjust the period of the electromagnetic unit of the smart surface
  • the third control information is used to adjust the control parameter set of the electromagnetic unit of the smart surface.
  • Intelligent Reflecting Surface Intelligent Reflecting Surface
  • RIS Reconfigurable Intelligent Surface
  • intelligent surface is composed of a large number of low-cost passive devices that can change the amplitude and phase of incident signals.
  • An artificial plane composed of electromagnetic units, which can be composed of three layers of materials and an intelligent controller.
  • the outermost layer of the smart surface is a dielectric substrate with a large number of metal patches attached. Each metal patch acts as an electromagnetic unit.
  • the middle layer is a A metal copper plate used to prevent energy leakage of the incident signal;
  • the innermost layer is a control circuit board controlled by an intelligent controller, which is used to adjust the changes of the amplitude and phase of the incident signal by each unit on the outermost layer.
  • the controller connected to the smart surface can be implemented by a field programmable gate array (field programmable gate array, FPGA), which can not only control the electromagnetic units on the smart surface, but also serve as a gateway through an independent wireless link.
  • FPGA field programmable gate array
  • phase-shifting switching diodes positive-intrinsic-negative diodes, PINs
  • field-effect transistors field-effect transistors
  • MEMS micro-elec-tromechanical system
  • a PIN junction is embedded in the electromagnetic unit, and the bias at both ends is controlled by a DC feeder Voltage, the PIN junction can be switched between "on” and “off”, so as to achieve 180-degree phase shift modulation of the incident signal.
  • each cell has only a small number of bits of amplitude or phase modulation.
  • the smart surface does not have complex digital baseband processing capabilities, it is difficult to estimate the channel from the smart surface to the user, that is, it is difficult to adaptively adjust the parameters of the electromagnetic unit to achieve the purpose of user tracking.
  • the user may be transparent to the smart surface, that is, the user may not know the existence of the smart surface. Therefore, how to realize the parameter control of the smart surface to improve the channel propagation environment is a key issue of the smart surface.
  • the present disclosure provides a smart surface control method and related equipment, which can effectively overcome the technical problem that the parameters of the smart surface are difficult to control in the prior art.
  • Fig. 1 shows a schematic diagram of an exemplary working scene of a smart surface control method and related equipment that can be applied to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the system architecture may include a network device 110 , a user terminal 120 , and a smart surface 130 .
  • the transmission signal of the network device 110 can propagate to the smart surface 130 through the incident path, and reach the user terminal 120 from the smart surface 130 through the reflection path.
  • the smart surface 130 can combine a predetermined codebook set or a specific
  • the electromagnetic unit adjustment algorithm of the intelligent surface 130 generates the control parameter group of each electromagnetic unit in the smart surface 130, so as to control each electromagnetic unit (for example, the smart surface shown in Figure 1 includes 36 electromagnetic units, those skilled in the art can according to the actual Adjust the number of electromagnetic units according to the situation), so as to realize the adjustment of the electromagnetic wave reflection or transmission characteristics of the smart surface.
  • the codebook set and the electromagnetic unit adjustment algorithm are common knowledge in the field, and will not be repeated here in this embodiment.
  • the electromagnetic wave reflection or transmission characteristics in this embodiment include but are not limited to: the phase and amplitude of the reflected electromagnetic wave or the transmitted electromagnetic wave, and the spatial energy distribution of the reflected or transmitted electromagnetic wave.
  • those skilled in the art may adjust other characteristics of the smart surface according to actual conditions.
  • the user terminal 120 can be various electronic devices, including but not limited to mobile phones, game consoles, tablet computers, e-book readers, smart glasses, MP4 (Moving Picture Experts Group Audio Layer IV, moving picture experts compress standard audio Layer 4)
  • Mobile terminals such as players, smart home devices, AR (Augmented Reality, augmented reality) devices, VR (Virtual Reality, virtual reality) devices, or the user terminal 120 may also be a personal computer (Personal Computer, PC), Such as laptop portable computer and desktop computer and so on.
  • PC Personal Computer
  • clients of application programs installed in different user terminals 120 are the same, or clients of application programs installed on two user terminals 120 are clients of the same type of application programs on different control system platforms.
  • the specific form of the client of the application program can also be different, for example, the client of the application program can be a mobile phone client, a PC client or a global wide area network (World Wide Web, Web) client, etc.
  • the network device 110 may be a 4G base station, or a 5G base station, or a base station of a later version, or a base station in another communication system, or a Node B, an evolved Node B, or a Transmission Reception Point (Transmission Reception Point, TRP), or access point (Access Point, AP), or other vocabulary in the field, as long as the same technical effect is achieved, the network device is not limited to specific technical vocabulary.
  • FIG. 1 the number of network devices 110, user terminals 120, and smart surfaces 130 in FIG. 1 is only illustrative, and there may be any number of network devices, user terminals, and smart surfaces according to actual needs. The embodiment of the present disclosure does not limit this.
  • an embodiment of the present disclosure provides a smart surface control method, which can be executed by any electronic device with computing capability.
  • Fig. 2 shows a flowchart of a method for controlling a smart surface in an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the method for controlling a smart surface provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure includes the following steps:
  • the above-mentioned first control information is smart surface switch control information, which is used to control the opening or closing of the smart surface, and specifically indicates different switching methods according to the number and combination of bits of the first control information.
  • the first control information may be one bit, and the bits “0" and “1" respectively indicate to turn on or off the smart surface.
  • the first control information may be a plurality of bits, and through combinations of different bit values, different smart surface switch control modes are indicated, and the control modes include at least one of the following: at a predetermined time Turn on or off all or part of the panels or electromagnetic units of the smart surface; turn on or off all or part of the panels or electromagnetic units of the smart surface after a predetermined length of time.
  • those skilled in the art may also turn on or off a preset number of electromagnetic units through the first control information according to the actual situation. For example, when there is rain attenuation in radio wave transmission when it rains, a preset number of smart electromagnetic units can be controlled to be turned on to enhance the signal strength, and after the rain stops, the smart electromagnetic units that were turned on before can be controlled to be turned off to reduce energy consumption.
  • the electromagnetic unit cycle is the time length for each electromagnetic unit to maintain the currently configured electromagnetic unit control parameters.
  • the cycle of the electromagnetic unit it is possible to change the length of time for the electromagnetic unit to maintain the current configuration of the electromagnetic unit control parameters, thereby increasing or reducing the frequency of electromagnetic unit adjustment, so that the adjustment of the electromagnetic unit has higher flexibility to match channel changes. or meet other needs.
  • the electromagnetic unit control parameter group is a group of parameters used to adjust the state of all electromagnetic units, which can be understood as a parameter matrix, the number of matrix elements is equal to the number of electromagnetic units, and each element in the matrix represents the corresponding electromagnetic unit. parameter settings. More specifically, if each electromagnetic unit has 4 adjustable states, then 2 bits can be used to indicate the four states, that is, the four states 00, 01, 10, and 11, that is, each adjustment, The corresponding matrix element indicates one of these four states with 2 bits.
  • the state of each electromagnetic unit can be controlled by adjusting the control parameter group of the electromagnetic unit, thereby changing the phase and/or amplitude of the reflected wave, so that the smart surface can obtain different reflection characteristics.
  • those skilled in the art can also adjust the transmission characteristics of the smart surface based on the same principle.
  • the above-mentioned second control information is cycle control information, and the predetermined cycle is adjusted through the information, and different cycle adjustment methods are indicated specifically according to the number of bits and combinations of the second control information.
  • the second control information may be one bit, and the bits "0" and “1" respectively indicate to shorten or lengthen the cycle by a predetermined time length.
  • the second control information may be two bits, and the bits "00", “01”, “10", and “11” respectively indicate that the cycle length is adjusted to the time length T1, T2, T3 and T4, wherein T1-T4 can be specific values of time lengths, or can be time length differences.
  • the above-mentioned third control information is smart surface state control information, through which the base station can select the control parameter group of the electromagnetic unit that is expected to be used by the smart surface.
  • the smart surface state control information may include one bit or multiple bits, and specifically according to the number and combination of bits of the third control information, it indicates to select different electromagnetic unit control parameter groups.
  • the third control information may be one bit, and the bits "0" and "1" respectively indicate to lock the current control parameter set of the electromagnetic unit and to unlock the current control parameter set of the electromagnetic unit.
  • the third control information may be one bit, and the bits "0" and "1" respectively indicate to lock the current control parameter set of the electromagnetic unit and adjust the current control parameter set of the electromagnetic unit to The previous group of electromagnetic units regulates and locks the parameter group.
  • the locked state when the smart surface detects the third control information again, and the bit value of the control information is "0", the smart surface resumes the periodic adjustment of the electromagnetic unit.
  • the locked state when the smart surface detects the third control information again, and the bit value of the control information is "1", the smart surface will continue to call back the current electromagnetic unit control parameter set to the previous electromagnetic unit control parameter set and locked.
  • the third control information may be a plurality of bits, and through combinations of different bit values, different smart surface state control modes are indicated, and the control modes include at least one of the following: locking the current electromagnetic unit Control parameter group, unlock the control parameter group of the current electromagnetic unit, adjust the current control parameter group of the electromagnetic unit to the previous set of electromagnetic unit control parameter group, adjust the current control parameter group of the electromagnetic unit to a certain electromagnetic unit control parameter group.
  • locking means that the smart surface no longer adjusts the electromagnetic unit according to the cycle, and keeps the current parameter state of the electromagnetic unit before receiving new control information;
  • unlocking means that the smart surface Periodic adjustment of the surface restoration electromagnetic unit.
  • first control information, second control information, and third control information may be located on the same or different frequency domain resources. If they are located in different frequency domain resources, the smart surface can determine what kind of control information the corresponding control information is based on the location of the frequency domain resources; for example, the first control information, the second control information and the third control information are in three different When the frequency point of the control information is sent, the smart surface can judge what kind of control information is monitored by the frequency point of the control information. If they are located in the same frequency domain resource, that is, when at least two of the three types of control information are sent at the same frequency point, other methods need to be used to distinguish the control information of the same frequency point, such as different sequence types. Distinguished by different signal receiving power ranges. The embodiment of the present disclosure does not limit this.
  • the smart surface when it is in the off state, it does not continue to regulate the parameters of the electromagnetic element. Specifically, the monitoring of the second control information and the third control information is turned off, and only the monitoring function of the first control information is reserved, and the energy consumption of the smart surface reaches the lowest state at this time.
  • the smart surface adjusts the electromagnetic unit in a predetermined manner.
  • the above predetermined method means that the smart surface generates the control parameter group of each electromagnetic unit of the smart surface in this period according to a predetermined codebook set or according to a specific algorithm, so as to control each electromagnetic unit, thereby adjusting the overall control of the smart surface.
  • Electromagnetic wave reflection or transmission properties are examples of Electromagnetic wave reflection or transmission properties.
  • three predetermined time periods are shown from left to right.
  • the electromagnetic unit reflects to form the reflected wave required in the first predetermined time period; similarly, in the second predetermined time period, after the incident wave propagates to the smart surface, it can be adjusted according to the electromagnetic wave adjusted by the second control parameter group. unit reflection to form the reflected wave required in the second predetermined time period; in the third predetermined time period, after the incident wave propagates to the smart surface, it can be reflected according to the electromagnetic unit adjusted by the third control parameter group to form The reflections required during the third predetermined time period.
  • the electromagnetic wave reflection or transmission characteristics in this embodiment include but are not limited to: the phase and amplitude of the reflected electromagnetic wave or the transmitted electromagnetic wave, and the spatial energy distribution of the reflected or transmitted electromagnetic wave.
  • those skilled in the art may adjust other characteristics of the smart surface according to actual conditions.
  • the smart surface when the line-of-sight communication link between the user terminal and the network device is blocked (such as being blocked by a driving car, a building or other obstacles), the smart surface can be turned on, and the Reflected electromagnetic waves pointing to the user terminal; in the aforementioned cases, if the user terminal moves to the direction of the extension line between the network equipment and the smart surface, since the signal cannot be transmitted to the terminal through reflection, the transmission function of the smart surface can be turned on to transmit the signal to the corresponding user terminal. It should be noted that the smart surface can only have reflective or transmissive functions, or both reflective and transmissive functions.
  • Fig. 4 shows another smart surface control method in the embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the smart surface control method provided in the embodiment of the present disclosure may include:
  • S401 Listen to first control information, where the first control information is used to turn on or turn off the smart surface.
  • the adjusted electromagnetic unit regulation parameter set lasts for a period of time.
  • the smart surface after the smart surface is turned on, it can only monitor the second control information or only the third control information, or can monitor the second control information and the third control information at the same time.
  • those skilled in the art can enable or disable the monitoring function of the smart surface to the second control information and/or the third control information through the first control information.
  • the monitoring function of the smart surface to the second control information can be turned off through the first control information, so that the smart surface only listens to The third control information to save energy consumption.
  • the smart surface in the embodiment of the present disclosure when the smart surface in the embodiment of the present disclosure is in any state (including but not limited to the open state, closed state, partially open state, and partially closed state), it can keep monitoring the first control information, so as to realize Real-time control of smart surface switches.
  • embodiments of the present disclosure also provide a network device, such as the following embodiments. Since the problem-solving principle of this device embodiment is similar to that of the above-mentioned method embodiment, the implementation of this device embodiment can refer to the implementation of the above-mentioned method embodiment, and repeated descriptions will not be repeated.
  • FIG. 5 shows a structural block diagram of a network device in an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the network device 500 includes:
  • the transmission module 510 is configured to send first control information to the smart surface; when the smart surface is turned on, send second control information and/or third control information to the smart surface; where the first control information is used to turn on or The smart surface is turned off, the second control information is used to adjust the period of the electromagnetic unit of the smart surface, and the third control information is used to adjust the control parameter group of the electromagnetic unit of the smart surface.
  • embodiments of the present disclosure also provide a smart surface, such as the following embodiments. Since the problem-solving principle of this device embodiment is similar to that of the above-mentioned method embodiment, the implementation of this device embodiment can refer to the implementation of the above-mentioned method embodiment, and repeated descriptions will not be repeated.
  • FIG. 6 shows a structural block diagram of a smart surface in an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the smart surface 600 includes:
  • the monitoring module 610 is configured to monitor the first control information; when the smart surface is in the on state, monitor the second control information and/or the third control information; and
  • the control module 620 is configured to turn on or off the smart surface according to the first control information, adjust the electromagnetic unit period of the smart surface according to the second control information, and adjust the electromagnetic unit regulation parameter group of the smart surface according to the third control information.
  • control module 620 can be integrated in the smart surface; of course, according to actual needs, it can also be set in an external device with a control function, which is not limited in this embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • embodiments of the present disclosure also provide an intelligent surface control system, such as the following embodiments. Since the problem-solving principle of the control system embodiment is similar to that of the above-mentioned method embodiment, the implementation of the control system embodiment can refer to the implementation of the above-mentioned method embodiment, and repeated descriptions will not be repeated.
  • Fig. 7 shows a structural block diagram of a smart surface control system in an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the smart surface control system 700 includes:
  • the network device 710 is configured to send first control information; when the smart surface is turned on, send second control information or third control information; and
  • the smart surface 720 is configured to monitor the first control information, and adjust the opening or closing of the smart surface according to the first control information; when the smart surface is in the on state, monitor the second control information and/or the third control information, and adjust the opening or closing of the smart surface according to the second control information.
  • the control information adjusts the electromagnetic unit period of the smart surface, and adjusts the electromagnetic unit regulation parameter set of the smart surface according to the third control information.
  • first control information, second control information, and third control information may be located on the same or different frequency domain resources. If they are located in different frequency domain resources, the smart surface can determine what kind of control information the corresponding control information is based on the location of the frequency domain resources; for example, the first control information, the second control information and the third control information are in three different When the frequency point of the control information is sent, the smart surface can judge what kind of control information is monitored by the frequency point of the control information. If they are located in the same frequency domain resource, that is, when at least two of the three types of control information are sent at the same frequency point, other methods need to be used to distinguish the control information of the same frequency point, such as different sequence types. Distinguished by different signal receiving power ranges. The embodiment of the present disclosure does not limit this.
  • the smart surface when it is in the off state, it does not continue to regulate the parameters of the electromagnetic element. Specifically, the monitoring of the second control information and the third control information is turned off, and only the monitoring function of the first control information is reserved, and the energy consumption of the smart surface reaches the lowest state at this time.
  • the smart surface in the embodiment of the present disclosure when the smart surface in the embodiment of the present disclosure is in any state (including but not limited to the open state, closed state, partially open state, and partially closed state), it can keep monitoring the first control information, so as to realize Real-time control of smart surface switches.
  • FIG. 8 An electronic device 800 according to this embodiment of the present disclosure is described below with reference to FIG. 8 .
  • the electronic device 800 shown in FIG. 8 is only an example, and should not limit the functions and application scope of the embodiments of the present disclosure.
  • electronic device 800 takes the form of a general-purpose computing device.
  • Components of the electronic device 800 may include but not limited to: at least one processing unit 810 , at least one storage unit 820 , and a bus 830 connecting different system components (including the storage unit 820 and the processing unit 810 ).
  • the storage unit stores program codes, and the program codes can be executed by the processing unit 810, so that the processing unit 810 executes the steps according to various exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure described in the "Exemplary Method" section of this specification.
  • the processing unit 810 may perform the following steps in the above method embodiments: monitor the first control information, the first control information is used to turn on or off the smart surface; when the smart surface is in the on state, monitor the second control information and/or the second Three control information, the second control information is used to adjust the period of the electromagnetic unit of the smart surface, and the third control information is used to adjust the electromagnetic unit control parameter group of the smart surface.
  • the second control information includes one bit or multiple bits, and the period of the electromagnetic unit is adjusted according to the number and combination of bits of the second control information.
  • the third control information includes one bit or multiple bits, and the electromagnetic unit control parameter group is adjusted according to the number and combination of bits of the third control information. Based on the control of the electromagnetic unit regulation parameter group, the characteristics of the smart surface reflecting or transmitting the electromagnetic wave in this period can be adjusted.
  • the electromagnetic wave reflection or transmission characteristics here include, but are not limited to: the phase and amplitude of the reflected or transmitted electromagnetic wave, and the energy distribution of the reflected or transmitted electromagnetic wave in space. During specific implementation, those skilled in the art may adjust other characteristics of the smart surface according to actual conditions.
  • the storage unit 820 may include a readable medium in the form of a volatile storage unit, such as a random access storage unit (RAM) 8201 and/or a cache storage unit 8202 , and may further include a read-only storage unit (ROM) 8203 .
  • RAM random access storage unit
  • ROM read-only storage unit
  • Storage unit 820 may also include programs/utilities 8204 having a set (at least one) of program modules 8205, such program modules 8205 including but not limited to: an operating system, one or more application programs, other program modules, and program data, Implementations of networked environments may be included in each or some combination of these examples.
  • Bus 830 may represent one or more of several types of bus structures, including a memory cell bus or memory cell controller, a peripheral bus, an accelerated graphics port, a processing unit, or a local area using any of a variety of bus structures. bus.
  • the electronic device 800 can also communicate with one or more external devices 840 (such as keyboards, pointing devices, Bluetooth devices, etc.), and can also communicate with one or more devices that enable the user to interact with the electronic device 800, and/or communicate with Any device (eg, router, modem, etc.) that enables the electronic device 800 to communicate with one or more other computing devices. Such communication may occur through input/output (I/O) interface 850 .
  • the electronic device 800 can also communicate with one or more networks (such as a local area network (LAN), a wide area network (WAN) and/or a public network such as the Internet) through the network adapter 860 . As shown, network adapter 860 communicates with other modules of electronic device 800 via bus 830 .
  • other hardware and/or software modules may be used in conjunction with electronic device 800, including but not limited to: microcode, device drivers, redundant processing units, external disk drive arrays, RAID systems, tape drives And data backup storage system, etc.
  • the example implementations described here can be implemented by software, or by combining software with necessary hardware. Therefore, the technical solutions according to the embodiments of the present disclosure can be embodied in the form of software products, and the software products can be stored in a non-volatile storage medium (which can be CD-ROM, U disk, mobile hard disk, etc.) or on the network , including several instructions to make a computing device (which may be a personal computer, a server, a terminal device, or a network device, etc.) execute the method according to the embodiments of the present disclosure.
  • a computing device which may be a personal computer, a server, a terminal device, or a network device, etc.
  • a computer-readable storage medium is also provided, and the computer-readable storage medium may be a readable signal medium or a readable storage medium.
  • a program product capable of realizing the above-mentioned methods of the present disclosure is stored thereon.
  • various aspects of the present disclosure may also be implemented in the form of a program product, which includes program code, and when the program product is run on a terminal device, the program code is used to make the The terminal device executes the steps according to various exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure described in the "Exemplary Method" section above in this specification.
  • Computer-readable storage media in this disclosure may include, but are not limited to: electrical connections with one or more wires, portable computer disks, hard disks, random access memory (RAM), read only memory (ROM), Erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM or flash memory), optical fiber, portable compact disk read-only memory (CD-ROM), optical storage device, magnetic storage device, or any suitable combination of the above.
  • RAM random access memory
  • ROM read only memory
  • EPROM or flash memory Erasable programmable read-only memory
  • CD-ROM portable compact disk read-only memory
  • magnetic storage device or any suitable combination of the above.
  • a computer-readable storage medium may include a data signal carrying readable program code in baseband or as part of a carrier wave traveling as a data signal. Such propagated data signals may take many forms, including but not limited to electromagnetic signals, optical signals, or any suitable combination of the foregoing.
  • a readable signal medium may also be any readable medium other than a readable storage medium that can transmit, propagate, or transport a program for use by or in conjunction with an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device.
  • program code contained on a computer-readable storage medium may be transmitted using any appropriate medium, including but not limited to wireless, cable, optical cable, RF, etc., or any suitable combination of the above.
  • the program code for performing the operations of the present disclosure may be written in any combination of one or more programming languages, and the programming language includes an object-oriented programming language—such as Java, C++, etc., or Includes conventional procedural programming languages - such as the "C" language or similar programming languages.
  • the program code may execute entirely on the user's computing device, partly on the user's device, as a stand-alone software package, partly on the user's computing device and partly on a remote computing device, or entirely on the remote computing device or server to execute.
  • the remote computing device may be connected to the user computing device through any kind of network, including a local area network (LAN) or a wide area network (WAN), or may be connected to an external computing device (for example, using an Internet service provider). business to connect via the Internet).
  • LAN local area network
  • WAN wide area network
  • Internet service provider for example, using an Internet service provider
  • steps of the methods of the present disclosure are depicted in the drawings in a particular order, there is no requirement or implication that the steps must be performed in that particular order, or that all illustrated steps must be performed to achieve the desired result. Additionally or alternatively, certain steps may be omitted, multiple steps may be combined into one step for execution, and/or one step may be decomposed into multiple steps for execution, etc.
  • the example embodiments described here can be implemented by software, or by combining software with necessary hardware. Therefore, the technical solutions according to the embodiments of the present disclosure can be embodied in the form of software products, and the software products can be stored in a non-volatile storage medium (which can be CD-ROM, U disk, mobile hard disk, etc.) or on the network , including several instructions to make a computing device (which may be a personal computer, a server, a mobile terminal, or a network device, etc.) execute the method according to the embodiments of the present disclosure.
  • a non-volatile storage medium which can be CD-ROM, U disk, mobile hard disk, etc.
  • a computing device which may be a personal computer, a server, a mobile terminal, or a network device, etc.

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Abstract

提供了一种智能表面控制方法及其相关设备，属于通信技术领域。控制方法包括：监听第一控制信息，第一控制信息用于开启或关闭智能表面（S201）；当智能表面处于开启状态时，监听第二控制信息和/或第三控制信息，第二控制信息用于调整智能表面的电磁单元周期，第三控制信息用于调整智能表面的电磁单元调控参数组（S202）。

Description

智能表面控制方法及其相关设备
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请是以CN申请号为202111434573.1，申请日为2021年11月29日的申请为基础，并主张其优先权，该CN申请的公开内容在此作为整体引入本申请中。
技术领域
本公开涉及通信技术领域，尤其涉及一种智能表面控制方法及其相关设备。
背景技术
智能反射面(IRS,Intelligent Reflecting Surface)，又称可重构智能表面(RIS,Reconfigurable Intelligent Surface)(为描述方便，后续统称为智能表面)由大量低成本的电磁单元构成，可通过对每个单元的参数(如相位)进行调整从而控制入射到智能表面信号的反射方向，从而将信号反射到期望的方向上。由于智能表面具有低成本、低功耗、易部署等特点，因此有望成为6G无线通信的候选技术。
发明内容
根据本公开的一个方面，提供一种智能表面控制方法，包括：监听第一控制信息，所述第一控制信息用于开启或关闭智能表面；当所述智能表面处于开启状态时，监听第二控制信息和/或第三控制信息，所述第二控制信息用于调整所述智能表面的电磁单元周期，所述第三控制信息用于调整所述智能表面的电磁单元调控参数组。
在本公开的一个实施例中，所述方法还包括：在所述智能表面处于开启状态且未监听到所述第二控制信息和所述第三控制信息的情况下，根据预设周期和预设方式对所述智能表面的电磁单元调控参数组进行调整。
在本公开的一个实施例中，调整后的电磁单元调控参数组持续一个周期时间长度。
在本公开的一个实施例中，所述第一控制信息包括一个或多个比特，所述方法还包括：根据所述第一控制信息的比特数量及组合方式，开启或关闭所述智能表面。
在本公开的一个实施例中，根据所述第一控制信息的比特数量及组合方式，开启或关闭所述智能表面包括：当所述第一控制信息包括一个比特时，开启或关闭所述智能表面的全部面板或电磁单元；当所述第一控制信息包括多个比特时，在预设时间时 开启或关闭所述智能表面的全部或部分面板或电磁单元，或在预设时间长度后开启或关闭所述智能表面的全部或部分面板或电磁单元。
在本公开的一个实施例中，所述第二控制信息包括一个或多个比特，所述方法还包括：根据所述第二控制信息的比特数量及组合方式，调整所述电磁单元周期。
在本公开的一个实施例中，根据所述第二控制信息的比特数量及组合方式，调整所述电磁单元周期包括：当所述第二控制信息包括一个比特时，将所述电磁单元周期调长或调短预设时间长度；当所述第二控制信息包括多个比特时，将所述电磁单元周期调长、调短指定时间长度或调整至指定时间。
在本公开的一个实施例中，所述第三控制信息包括一个或多个比特，所述方法还包括：根据所述第三控制信息的比特数量及组合方式，调整所述电磁单元调控参数组。
在本公开的一个实施例中，根据所述第三控制信息的比特数量及组合方式，调整所述电磁单元调控参数组包括：当所述第三控制信息包括一个比特时，按照预设方式切换所述电磁单元调控参数组；当所述第三控制信息包括多个比特时，按照任意方式设定所述电磁单元调控参数组。
在本公开的一个实施例中，所述按照任意方式设定所述电磁单元调控参数组至少包括以下一种：锁定当前电磁单元调控参数组；解锁当前电磁单元调控参数组；将当前电磁单元调控参数组调整为当前电磁单元调控参数组的上一组电磁单元调控参数组；将当前的电磁单元调控参数组调整为任一组预设的电磁单元调控参数组。
在本公开的一个实施例中，上述方法还包括：基于对所述电磁单元调控参数组的选择，以实现对所述智能表面的电磁波反射或透射特性的调整。
在本公开的一个实施例中，所述电磁波反射或透射特性至少包括以下一种：反射电磁波或透射电磁波的相位；反射电磁波或透射电磁波的幅度；反射电磁波或透射电磁波在空间的能量分布。
在本公开的一个实施例中，上述方法还包括：根据所述第一控制信息开启或关闭所述智能表面；根据所述第二控制信息调整所述智能表面的电磁单元周期；根据所述第三控制信息调整所述智能表面的电磁单元调控参数组。
根据本公开的另一个方面，提供一种网络设备，包括：传输模块，被配置为向智能表面发送第一控制信息；当所述智能表面处于开启状态时，向所述智能表面发送第二控制信息和/或第三控制信息；其中，所述第一控制信息用于开启或关闭所述智能表面，所述第二控制信息用于调整所述智能表面的电磁单元周期，所述第三控制信息用 于调整所述智能表面的电磁单元调控参数组。
根据本公开的另一个方面，提供一种智能表面，包括：监听模块，被配置为监听第一控制信息；当智能表面处于开启状态时，监听第二控制信息和/或第三控制信息；以及控制模块，被配置为根据所述第一控制信息开启或关闭所述智能表面，根据所述第二控制信息调整所述智能表面的电磁单元周期，根据所述第三控制信息调整所述智能表面的电磁单元调控参数组。
根据本公开的另一个方面，提供一种智能表面控制系统，包括：网络设备，被配置为发送第一控制信息；当智能表面处于开启状态时，发送第二控制信息或第三控制信息；以及智能表面，被配置为监听所述第一控制信息；当智能表面处于开启状态时，监听所述第二控制信息和/或所述第三控制信息；其中，所述第一控制信息用于开启或关闭所述智能表面，所述第二控制信息用于调整所述智能表面的电磁单元周期，所述第三控制信息用于调整所述智能表面的电磁单元调控参数组。
在本公开的一个实施例中，智能表面被配置为根据所述第一控制信息开启或关闭所述智能表面，根据所述第二控制信息调整所述智能表面的电磁单元周期，根据所述第三控制信息调整所述智能表面的电磁单元调控参数组。
根据本公开的另一个方面，提供一种电子设备，包括：处理器；以及存储器，用于存储所述处理器的可执行指令；其中，所述处理器配置为经由执行所述可执行指令来执行上述的智能表面控制方法。
根据本公开的另一个方面，提供一种计算机可读存储介质，其上存储有计算机程序，所述计算机程序被处理器执行时实现上述的智能表面控制方法。
应当理解的是，以上的一般描述和后文的细节描述仅是示例性和解释性的，并不能限制本公开。
附图说明
此处的附图被并入说明书中并构成本说明书的一部分，示出了符合本公开的实施例，并与说明书一起用于解释本公开的原理。显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本公开的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1示出本公开实施例中一种智能表面控制方法及其相关设备的工作场景示意图；
图2示出本公开实施例中一种智能表面控制方法流程图；
图3示出本公开实施例中一种周期内调控参数组与反射波关系的示意图；
图4示出本公开实施例中又一种智能表面控制方法流程图；
图5示出本公开实施例中一种网络设备的结构框图；
图6示出本公开实施例中一种智能表面的结构框图；
图7示出本公开实施例中一种智能表面控制系统的结构框图；
图8示出本公开实施例中一种电子设备的结构框图。
具体实施方式
现在将参考附图更全面地描述示例实施方式。然而，示例实施方式能够以多种形式实施，且不应被理解为限于在此阐述的范例；相反，提供这些实施方式使得本公开将更加全面和完整，并将示例实施方式的构思全面地传达给本领域的技术人员。所描述的特征、结构或特性可以以任何合适的方式结合在一个或更多实施方式中。
此外，附图仅为本公开的示意性图解，并非一定是按比例绘制。图中相同的附图标记表示相同或类似的部分，因而将省略对它们的重复描述。附图中所示的一些方框图是功能实体，不一定必须与物理或逻辑上独立的实体相对应。可以采用软件形式来实现这些功能实体，或在一个或多个硬件模块或集成电路中实现这些功能实体，或在不同网络和/或处理器装置和/或微控制器装置中实现这些功能实体。
本公开提供的智能表面控制方法，可监听第一控制信息；当智能表面处于开启状态时，监听第二控制信息和/或第三控制信息；其中，第一控制信息用于开启或关闭智能表面第二控制信息用于调整智能表面的电磁单元周期，第三控制信息用于调整智能表面的电磁单元调控参数组。为了便于理解，下面首先对本申请涉及到的几个名词进行解释。
智能反射面(IRS,Intelligent Reflecting Surface)，又称可重构智能表面(RIS,Reconfigurable Intelligent Surface)(为描述方便，后续统称为智能表面)是由大量可改变入射信号幅度与相位的低成本被动式电磁单元所构成的人工平面，它可以由三层材料和一个智能控制器所组成。智能表面最外层为附着了大量金属贴片的电介质基板，每一个金属贴片作为一个电磁单元，这些金属贴片直接与入射信号相作用并且能改变入射信号的幅度与相位；中间层为一个用于防止入射信号能量泄漏的金属铜板；最内层为一个由智能控制器所控制的控制电路板，它用于调节最外层各单元对入射信号幅度和相位的改变。而连接在智能表面上的控制器可由现场可编程逻辑门阵列(field  programmable gate array，FPGA)实现，它不但可以控制智能表面上的各电磁单元，同时也能作为一个网关通过独立的无线链路与通信网络中的其他部分(如网络设备、用户终端等)进行低速率的信息交换从而达到相互协作的目的。
在无线通信环境中，由于用户移动等各方面的原因，环境中信道的状态无时无刻都处在一种动态变化的过程当中，因而为了跟随信道动态变化的特征以辅助网络中的通信，智能表面的各单元都需要具有实时的可重构性。从硬件实现上，这一要求可通过使用移相开关二极管(positive-intrinsic-negative diodes，PINs)、场效应管(field-effect transistors，FETs)或微机电系统(micro-elec-tromechanical system，MEMS)开关满足。
本领域技术人员可以知晓，上述对于智能表面的结构描述仅仅是示意性的，根据实际需要，智能表面可以具有任意形态。本公开实施例对此不作限定。
在本公开的一个实施例中，作为智能表面可重构性的一种实现：一方面，为了实现对入射信号相位的控制，电磁单元中嵌入了PIN结，通过直流馈线控制其两端的偏置电压，PIN结可以在“开”和“关”两种状态间进行切换，从而实现对入射信号180度的相移调制，因此，若在电磁单元中嵌入多个PIN结，并通过FPGA控制器控制各PIN结两端的偏置电压，便能实现对入射信号多种相位的调制；另一方面，为了实现入射信号在经电磁单元反射后幅度的控制，可以通过在电磁单元中设置可变的负载电阻并改变其对应的电阻值，便能使得信号的幅度在[0,1]区间上变化。然而，从上述硬件实现可以看出，若为了提升对通信系统的增益而令智能表面的各单元具有接近于在连续域的高精度控制的能力，整个智能表面对应的硬件成本和设计复杂度会大大增加，这无疑违背了在应用中智能表面作为一种经济高效的辅助通信设备的设计初衷。因而，在实际情况中，具有大量电磁单元的智能表面上，每一个单元只具有较少比特数的幅度或相位调制。
随着有关智能表面技术研究和进步，智能表面技术在多个领域展开研究和应用，例如毫米波通信、THz通信、高铁和快速移动场景、近海通信等，相信随着技术的发展，人工智能技术将在更多的领域得到应用，并发挥越来越重要的价值。
发明人注意到，由于智能表面不具备复杂的数字基带处理能力，所以难以进行对智能表面到用户的信道估计，即难以自适应的调整电磁单元参数以实现用户追踪的目的。另一方面，用户对于智能表面可能是透明的，也即用户可能不知道智能表面的存在。因此，如何实现智能表面的参数控制，以达到改善信道传播环境，是智能表面的 一项关键问题。
据此，本公开提供一种智能表面控制方法及其相关设备，有效克服现有技术中智能表面参数难以控制的技术问题。
图1示出了可以应用于本公开实施例的智能表面控制方法及其相关设备的示例性工作场景的示意图。如图1所示，系统架构可以包括网络设备110、用户终端120、智能表面130。
网络设备110的发射信号可以通过入射径传播至智能表面130，通过反射径从智能表面130到达用户终端120，同时智能表面130可以根据网络设备110发送的控制信息，结合预定的码本集合或特定的电磁单元调整算法，生成智能表面130中各电磁单元的调控参数组，以对各个电磁单元进行控制(例如，如图1所示的智能表面包括36个电磁单元，本领域技术人员可以根据实际情况对电磁单元的数量进行调整)，从而实现对智能表面电磁波反射或透射特性的调整。其中，码本集合与电磁单元调整算法为本领域的公知常识，本实施例此处不再赘述。
可选地，本实施例中的电磁波反射或透射特性包括但不限于：反射电磁波或透射电磁波的相位、幅度，反射电磁波或透射电磁波在空间的能量分布。在具体实施时，本领域技术人员可根据实际情况，对智能表面的其他特性进行调整。
可选地，用户终端120可以是各种电子设备，包括但不限于手机、游戏主机、平板电脑、电子书阅读器、智能眼镜、MP4(Moving Picture Experts Group Audio Layer IV，动态影像专家压缩标准音频层面4)播放器、智能家居设备、AR(Augmented Reality，增强现实)设备、VR(Virtual Reality，虚拟现实)设备等移动终端，或者，用户终端120也可以是个人计算机(Personal Computer，PC)，比如膝上型便携计算机和台式计算机等等。
可选地，不同的用户终端120中安装的应用程序的客户端是相同的，或两个用户终端120上安装的应用程序的客户端是不同控制系统平台的同一类型应用程序的客户端。基于终端平台的不同，该应用程序的客户端的具体形态也可以不同，比如，该应用程序客户端可以是手机客户端、PC客户端或者全球广域网(World Wide Web，Web)客户端等。
可选地，网络设备110可以是4G基站，或者5G基站，或者以后版本的基站，或者其他通信系统中的基站，或者称之为节点B，演进节点B，或者传输接收点(Transmission Reception Point，TRP)，或者接入点(Access Point，AP)，或者所述领 域中其他词汇，只要达到相同的技术效果，所述网络设备不限于特定技术词汇。
本领域技术人员可以知晓，图1中的网络设备110、用户终端120、智能表面130的数量仅仅是示意性的，根据实际需要，可以具有任意数目的网络设备、用户终端、智能表面。本公开实施例对此不作限定。
下面结合附图及实施例对本示例实施方式进行详细说明。
首先，本公开实施例中提供了一种智能表面控制方法，该方法可以由任意具备计算处理能力的电子设备执行。
图2示出本公开实施例中一种智能表面控制方法流程图，如图2所示，本公开实施例中提供的智能表面控制方法包括如下步骤：
S201，监听第一控制信息，第一控制信息用于开启或关闭智能表面。
可选地，上述第一控制信息为智能表面开关控制信息，通过该信息来控制智能表面的开启或关闭，具体根据第一控制信息的比特数量及组合方式，指示不同的开关方法。
在本公开的一个实施例中，第一控制信息可以为一个比特，比特“0”、“1”分别指示将智能表面开启或关闭。
在本公开的另一个实施例中，第一控制信息可以为多个比特，通过不同比特值的组合，指示不同的智能表面开关控制方式，控制方式包括以下至少一种：在某个预定时间时将智能表面的全部或部分面板或电磁单元开启或关闭；在某段预订时间长度后将智能表面的全部或部分面板或电磁单元开启或关闭。
当然，在实际应用中，本领域技术人员还可根据实际情况，通过第一控制信息实现开启或者关闭预设数量的电磁单元。例如，下雨时无线电波传输时有雨衰，可以控制开启预设数量的智能电磁单元以增强信号强度，雨停后可以控制关闭之前开启的智能电磁单元以降低能耗。
S202，当智能表面处于开启状态时，监听第二控制信息和/或第三控制信息，第二控制信息用于调整智能表面的电磁单元周期，第三控制信息用于调整智能表面的电磁单元调控参数组。
需要说明的是，电磁单元周期为各电磁单元保持当前配置的电磁单元调控参数的时间长度。通过调整电磁单元周期，能够改变电磁单元维持当前配置的电磁单元调控参数的时间长度，从而提升或降低电磁单元调整的频率，使得电磁单元的调整具有更高的灵活度，以匹配信道变化情况，或满足其他需求。
需要说明的是，电磁单元调控参数组为一组用于调整全部电磁单元状态的参数，可以理解为一个参数矩阵，矩阵元素的个数等于电磁单元数目，矩阵中每个元素表征对应电磁单元的参数设置。更具体的，若每个电磁单元可调整的状态为4种，则通过2比特即可实现对这四种状态的指示，即00、01、10、11四种状态，也即每次调整，相应的矩阵元素采用2比特指示这四种状态之一。在智能表面的反射过程中，通过调整电磁单元调控参数组能够控制每一电磁单元的状态，从而改变反射波的相位和/或幅度，以使智能表面获得不同的反射特性。当然，本领域技术人员还可以基于相同的原理，对智能表面的透射特性进行调整。
需要说明的是，智能表面在开启和关闭时，均保持对第一控制信息的监听。
可选地，上述第二控制信息为周期控制信息，通过该信息对预定周期进行调整，具体根据第二控制信息的比特数量及组合方式，指示不同的周期调整方法。
在本公开的一个实施例中，第二控制信息可以为一个比特，比特“0”、“1”分别指示将周期调短或调长一个预定的时间长度。
在本公开的另一个实施例中，第二控制信息可以为两个比特，比特“00”、“01”、“10”、“11”分别指示将周期长度调整为时间长度T1，T2，T3和T4，其中T1～T4可以为时间长度的具体值，也可以为时间长度差值。
可选地，上述第三控制信息为智能表面状态控制信息，通过该控制信息，基站可选择期望智能表面所采用的电磁单元的调控参数组。智能表面状态控制信息可以包含一个比特或多个比特，具体根据第三控制信息的比特数量及组合方式，指示选择不同的电磁单元调控参数组。
在本公开的一个实施例中，第三控制信息可以为一个比特，比特“0”、“1”分别指示锁定当前的电磁单元的调控参数组与解锁当前的电磁单元的调控参数组。
在本公开的另一个实施例中，第三控制信息可以为一个比特，比特“0”、“1”分别指示锁定当前的电磁单元的调控参数组与将当前的电磁单元的调控参数组调整为上一组电磁单元调控参数组并锁定。处于锁定状态下，当智能表面再次检测到第三控制信息，且该控制信息的比特值为“0”时，智能表面恢复电磁单元的周期调整。处于锁定状态下，当智能表面再次检测到第三控制信息，且该控制信息的比特值为“1”时，智能表面将当前的电磁单元的调控参数组继续回调至上一组电磁单元调控参数组并锁定。
在本公开的又一个实施例中，第三控制信息可以为多个比特，通过不同比特值的 组合，指示不同的智能表面状态控制方式，控制方式包括以下至少一种：锁定当前的电磁单元的调控参数组、解锁当前的电磁单元的调控参数组、将当前的电磁单元的调控参数组调整为上一组电磁单元调控参数组、将当前的电磁单元的调控参数组调整为某一电磁单元调控参数组。
需要说明的是，上述“锁定”是指，智能表面不再按照周期对电磁单元进行调整，在接收到新的控制信息前，一直保持当前的电磁单元参数状态；上述“解锁”是指，智能表面恢复电磁单元的周期调整。
进一步的，上述第一控制信息、第二控制信息和第三控制信息可以位于相同或不同的频域资源上。若它们位于不同的频域资源，则智能表面可以通过频域资源位置判断相应的控制信息具体为何种控制信息；例如，第一控制信息、第二控制信息和第三控制信息分别在三个不同的频点发送时，智能表面可通过控制信息的频点判断监听到的为何种控制信息。若它们位于相同的频域资源，即三种控制信息中至少有两种在同一频点发送时，则需要通过其他方式对同一频点的控制信息进行区分，例如通过不同的序列类型进行区分，通过不同的信号接收功率范围进行区分。本公开实施例对此不作限定。
可选地，当智能表面处于关闭状态时，不继续对电磁元件参数进行调控。具体地，关闭对第二控制信息和第三控制信息的监听，仅保留对第一控制信息的监听功能，此时智能表面的能耗达到最低状态。
在本公开的一个实施例中，在每个预定周期开始时，智能表面采用预定的方式对电磁单元进行调整。上述预定的方式指，智能表面根据一个预定的码本集合或根据特定的算法，生成本周期内的智能表面各电磁单元的调控参数组，以对各个电磁单元进行控制，从而调整智能表面整体对电磁波反射或透射特性。
具体的，如图3所示，自左至右示出了三段预定时间周期，在第一段预订时间周期内，入射波传播至智能表面后，能够根据经第一调控参数组调整后的电磁单元反射，形成在第一段预订时间周期内需要的反射波；同理，在第二段预订时间周期内，入射波传播至智能表面后，能够根据经第二调控参数组调整后的电磁单元反射，形成在第二段预订时间周期内需要的反射波；在第三段预订时间周期内，入射波传播至智能表面后，能够根据经第三调控参数组调整后的电磁单元反射，形成在第三段预订时间周期内需要的反射波。当然，本公开实施例中对于预订时间周期数量及调控参数组数量均不作限定。
可选地，本实施例中的电磁波反射或透射特性包括但不限于：反射电磁波或透射电磁波的相位、幅度，反射电磁波或透射电磁波在空间的能量分布。在具体实施时，本领域技术人员可根据实际情况，对智能表面的其他特性进行调整。
在本公开的一个实施例中，当用户终端与网络设备之间的视距通信链路被遮挡时(如被行驶的车、建筑或其他障碍物遮挡)，可以开启智能表面，通过智能表面形成指向用户终端的反射电磁波；在前述情况下，若用户终端移动至网络设备与智能表面的延长线方向，此时由于无法通过反射将信号传至终端，可开启智能表面的透射功能，将信号透射至相应的用户终端。需说明的是，智能表面可以仅具备反射或透射功能，或同时具备反射与透射功能。
基于同一发明构思，本公开实施例中还提供了又一种智能表面控制方法，如下面的实施例。本实施例是在上述方法实施例的基础上进行具体化，重复之处不再赘述。
图4示出本公开实施例中又一种智能表面控制方法，如图4所示，本公开实施例中提供的智能表面控制方法可以包括：
S401，监听第一控制信息，第一控制信息用于开启或关闭智能表面。
S402，当智能表面处于开启状态时，监听第二控制信息和/或第三控制信息，第二控制信息用于调整智能表面的电磁单元周期，第三控制信息用于调整智能表面的电磁单元调控参数组。
S403，在智能表面处于开启状态且未监听到第二控制信息和第三控制信息的情况下，根据预设周期和预设方式对智能表面的电磁单元调控参数组进行调整。
可选地，调整后的电磁单元调控参数组持续一个周期时间长度。
可选地，智能表面在开启后可根据需要仅监听第二控制信息或仅监听第三控制信息，也可同时监听第二控制信息和第三控制信息。在这样的情况下，本领域技术人员可通过第一控制信息开启或关闭智能表面对第二控制信息和/或第三控制信息的监听功能。例如，在具有固定周期的应用场景当中，由于电磁单元的周期长期稳定且无需改变，可通过第一控制信息关闭智能表面对第二控制信息的监听功能，从而使智能表面在开启状态下仅监听第三控制信息，以节省能耗。
需要说明的是，本公开实施例中的智能表面处于任何状态下(包括但不限于开启状态、关闭状态、部分开启状态、部分关闭状态)，均可保持对第一控制信息的监听，从而实现对智能表面开关的实时控制。
基于同一发明构思，本公开实施例中还提供了一种网络设备，如下面的实施例。 由于该装置实施例解决问题的原理与上述方法实施例相似，因此该装置实施例的实施可以参见上述方法实施例的实施，重复之处不再赘述。
图5示出本公开实施例中一种网络设备的结构框图，如图5所示，该网络设备500包括：
传输模块510，被配置为向智能表面发送第一控制信息；当智能表面处于开启状态时，向智能表面发送第二控制信息和/或第三控制信息；其中，第一控制信息用于开启或关闭智能表面，第二控制信息用于调整智能表面的电磁单元周期，第三控制信息用于调整智能表面的电磁单元调控参数组。
基于同一发明构思，本公开实施例中还提供了一种智能表面，如下面的实施例。由于该装置实施例解决问题的原理与上述方法实施例相似，因此该装置实施例的实施可以参见上述方法实施例的实施，重复之处不再赘述。
图6示出本公开实施例中一种智能表面的结构框图，如图6所示，该智能表面600包括：
监听模块610，被配置为监听第一控制信息；当智能表面处于开启状态时，监听第二控制信息和/或第三控制信息；以及
控制模块620，被配置为根据第一控制信息开启或关闭智能表面，根据第二控制信息调整智能表面的电磁单元周期，根据第三控制信息调整智能表面的电磁单元调控参数组。
需要说明的是，在实际应用中，上述控制模块620可以集成在智能表面内；当然，根据实际需要，也可以将其设置在外部具有控制功能都设备中，本公开实施例对此不作限定。
基于同一发明构思，本公开实施例中还提供了一种智能表面控制系统，如下面的实施例。由于该控制系统实施例解决问题的原理与上述方法实施例相似，因此该控制系统实施例的实施可以参见上述方法实施例的实施，重复之处不再赘述。
图7示出本公开实施例中一种智能表面控制系统的结构框图，如图7所示，该智能表面控制系统700包括：
网络设备710，被配置为发送第一控制信息；当智能表面处于开启状态时，发送第二控制信息或第三控制信息；以及
智能表面720，被配置为监听第一控制信息，根据第一控制信息调整智能表面的开启或关闭；当智能表面处于开启状态时，监听第二控制信息和/或第三控制信息，根 据第二控制信息调整智能表面的电磁单元周期，根据第三控制信息调整智能表面的电磁单元调控参数组。
需要说明的是，上述第一控制信息、第二控制信息和第三控制信息可以位于相同或不同的频域资源上。若它们位于不同的频域资源，则智能表面可以通过频域资源位置判断相应的控制信息具体为何种控制信息；例如，第一控制信息、第二控制信息和第三控制信息分别在三个不同的频点发送时，智能表面可通过控制信息的频点判断监听到的为何种控制信息。若它们位于相同的频域资源，即三种控制信息中至少有两种在同一频点发送时，则需要通过其他方式对同一频点的控制信息进行区分，例如通过不同的序列类型进行区分，通过不同的信号接收功率范围进行区分。本公开实施例对此不作限定。
可选地，当智能表面处于关闭状态时，不继续对电磁元件参数进行调控。具体地，关闭对第二控制信息和第三控制信息的监听，仅保留对第一控制信息的监听功能，此时智能表面的能耗达到最低状态。
需要说明的是，本公开实施例中的智能表面处于任何状态下(包括但不限于开启状态、关闭状态、部分开启状态、部分关闭状态)，均可保持对第一控制信息的监听，从而实现对智能表面开关的实时控制。
所属技术领域的技术人员能够理解，本公开的各个方面可以实现为系统、方法或程序产品。因此，本公开的各个方面可以具体实现为以下形式，即：完全的硬件实施方式、完全的软件实施方式(包括固件、微代码等)，或硬件和软件方面结合的实施方式，这里可以统称为“电路”、“模块”或“系统”。
下面参照图8来描述根据本公开的这种实施方式的电子设备800。图8显示的电子设备800仅仅是一个示例，不应对本公开实施例的功能和使用范围带来任何限制。
如图8所示，电子设备800以通用计算设备的形式表现。电子设备800的组件可以包括但不限于：上述至少一个处理单元810、上述至少一个存储单元820、连接不同系统组件(包括存储单元820和处理单元810)的总线830。
其中，存储单元存储有程序代码，程序代码可以被处理单元810执行，使得处理单元810执行本说明书上述“示例性方法”部分中描述的根据本公开各种示例性实施方式的步骤。例如，处理单元810可以执行上述方法实施例的如下步骤：监听第一控制信息，第一控制信息用于开启或关闭智能表面；当智能表面处于开启状态时，监听第二控制信息和/或第三控制信息，第二控制信息用于调整所述智能表面的电磁单元周 期，第三控制信息用于调整智能表面的电磁单元调控参数组。其中，第二控制信息包括一个比特或多个比特，根据第二控制信息的比特数量及组合方式，调整电磁单元周期。第三控制信息包括一个比特或多个比特，根据第三控制信息的比特数量及组合方式，调整电磁单元调控参数组。基于对电磁单元调控参数组的控制，可调整智能表面在该周期内对电磁波反射或透射的特性。这里的电磁波反射或透射特性包括但不限于：反射电磁波或透射电磁波的相位、幅度，反射电磁波或透射电磁波在空间的能量分布。在具体实施时，本领域技术人员可根据实际情况，对智能表面的其他特性进行调整。
存储单元820可以包括易失性存储单元形式的可读介质，例如随机存取存储单元(RAM)8201和/或高速缓存存储单元8202，还可以进一步包括只读存储单元(ROM)8203。
存储单元820还可以包括具有一组(至少一个)程序模块8205的程序/实用工具8204，这样的程序模块8205包括但不限于：操作系统、一个或者多个应用程序、其它程序模块以及程序数据，这些示例中的每一个或某种组合中可能包括网络环境的实现。
总线830可以为表示几类总线结构中的一种或多种，包括存储单元总线或者存储单元控制器、外围总线、图形加速端口、处理单元或者使用多种总线结构中的任意总线结构的局域总线。
电子设备800也可以与一个或多个外部设备840(例如键盘、指向设备、蓝牙设备等)通信，还可与一个或者多个使得用户能与该电子设备800交互的设备通信，和/或与使得该电子设备800能与一个或多个其它计算设备进行通信的任何设备(例如路由器、调制解调器等等)通信。这种通信可以通过输入/输出(I/O)接口850进行。并且，电子设备800还可以通过网络适配器860与一个或者多个网络(例如局域网(LAN)，广域网(WAN)和/或公共网络，例如因特网)通信。如图所示，网络适配器860通过总线830与电子设备800的其它模块通信。应当明白，尽管图中未示出，可以结合电子设备800使用其它硬件和/或软件模块，包括但不限于：微代码、设备驱动器、冗余处理单元、外部磁盘驱动阵列、RAID系统、磁带驱动器以及数据备份存储系统等。
通过以上的实施方式的描述，本领域的技术人员易于理解，这里描述的示例实施方式可以通过软件实现，也可以通过软件结合必要的硬件的方式来实现。因此，根据本公开实施方式的技术方案可以以软件产品的形式体现出来，该软件产品可以存储在一个非易失性存储介质(可以是CD-ROM，U盘，移动硬盘等)中或网络上，包括若干指令以使得一台计算设备(可以是个人计算机、服务器、终端装置、或者网络设备 等)执行根据本公开实施方式的方法。
在本公开的示例性实施例中，还提供了一种计算机可读存储介质，该计算机可读存储介质可以是可读信号介质或者可读存储介质。其上存储有能够实现本公开上述方法的程序产品。在一些可能的实施方式中，本公开的各个方面还可以实现为一种程序产品的形式，其包括程序代码，当所述程序产品在终端设备上运行时，所述程序代码用于使所述终端设备执行本说明书上述“示例性方法”部分中描述的根据本公开各种示例性实施方式的步骤。
本公开中的计算机可读存储介质的更具体的例子可以包括但不限于：具有一个或多个导线的电连接、便携式计算机磁盘、硬盘、随机访问存储器(RAM)、只读存储器(ROM)、可擦式可编程只读存储器(EPROM或闪存)、光纤、便携式紧凑磁盘只读存储器(CD-ROM)、光存储器件、磁存储器件、或者上述的任意合适的组合。
在本公开中，计算机可读存储介质可以包括在基带中或者作为载波一部分传播的数据信号，其中承载了可读程序代码。这种传播的数据信号可以采用多种形式，包括但不限于电磁信号、光信号或上述的任意合适的组合。可读信号介质还可以是可读存储介质以外的任何可读介质，该可读介质可以发送、传播或者传输用于由指令执行系统、装置或者器件使用或者与其结合使用的程序。
可选地，计算机可读存储介质上包含的程序代码可以用任何适当的介质传输，包括但不限于无线、有线、光缆、RF等等，或者上述的任意合适的组合。
在具体实施时，可以以一种或多种程序设计语言的任意组合来编写用于执行本公开操作的程序代码，所述程序设计语言包括面向对象的程序设计语言—诸如Java、C++等，还包括常规的过程式程序设计语言—诸如“C”语言或类似的程序设计语言。程序代码可以完全地在用户计算设备上执行、部分地在用户设备上执行、作为一个独立的软件包执行、部分在用户计算设备上部分在远程计算设备上执行、或者完全在远程计算设备或服务器上执行。在涉及远程计算设备的情形中，远程计算设备可以通过任意种类的网络，包括局域网(LAN)或广域网(WAN)，连接到用户计算设备，或者，可以连接到外部计算设备(例如利用因特网服务提供商来通过因特网连接)。
应当注意，尽管在上文详细描述中提及了用于动作执行的设备的若干模块或者单元，但是这种划分并非强制性的。实际上，根据本公开的实施方式，上文描述的两个或更多模块或者单元的特征和功能可以在一个模块或者单元中具体化。反之，上文描述的一个模块或者单元的特征和功能可以进一步划分为由多个模块或者单元来具体 化。
此外，尽管在附图中以特定顺序描述了本公开中方法的各个步骤，但是，这并非要求或者暗示必须按照该特定顺序来执行这些步骤，或是必须执行全部所示的步骤才能实现期望的结果。附加的或备选的，可以省略某些步骤，将多个步骤合并为一个步骤执行，以及/或者将一个步骤分解为多个步骤执行等。
通过以上实施方式的描述，本领域的技术人员易于理解，这里描述的示例实施方式可以通过软件实现，也可以通过软件结合必要的硬件的方式来实现。因此，根据本公开实施方式的技术方案可以以软件产品的形式体现出来，该软件产品可以存储在一个非易失性存储介质(可以是CD-ROM，U盘，移动硬盘等)中或网络上，包括若干指令以使得一台计算设备(可以是个人计算机、服务器、移动终端、或者网络设备等)执行根据本公开实施方式的方法。
本领域技术人员在考虑说明书及实践这里公开的发明后，将容易想到本公开的其它实施方案。本公开旨在涵盖本公开的任何变型、用途或者适应性变化，这些变型、用途或者适应性变化遵循本公开的一般性原理并包括本公开未公开的本技术领域中的公知常识或惯用技术手段。说明书和实施例仅被视为示例性的，本公开的真正范围和精神由所附的权利要求指出。

Claims (19)

  1. 一种智能表面控制方法，包括：
    监听第一控制信息，所述第一控制信息用于开启或关闭智能表面；
    当所述智能表面处于开启状态时，监听第二控制信息和/或第三控制信息，所述第二控制信息用于调整所述智能表面的电磁单元周期，所述第三控制信息用于调整所述智能表面的电磁单元调控参数组。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的智能表面控制方法，还包括：
    在所述智能表面处于开启状态且未监听到所述第二控制信息和所述第三控制信息的情况下，根据预设周期和预设方式对所述智能表面的电磁单元调控参数组进行调整。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的智能表面控制方法，其中，调整后的电磁单元调控参数组持续一个周期时间长度。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的智能表面控制方法，其中，所述第一控制信息包括一个或多个比特，所述方法还包括：
    根据所述第一控制信息的比特数量及组合方式，开启或关闭所述智能表面。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的智能表面控制方法，其中，根据所述第一控制信息的比特数量及组合方式，开启或关闭所述智能表面包括：
    当所述第一控制信息包括一个比特时，开启或关闭所述智能表面的全部面板或电磁单元；
    当所述第一控制信息包括多个比特时，在预设时间时开启或关闭所述智能表面的全部或部分面板或电磁单元，或在预设时间长度后开启或关闭所述智能表面的全部或部分面板或电磁单元。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的智能表面控制方法，其中，所述第二控制信息包括一个或多个比特，所述方法还包括：
    根据所述第二控制信息的比特数量及组合方式，调整所述电磁单元周期。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的智能表面控制方法，其中，根据所述第二控制信息的比特数量及组合方式，调整所述电磁单元周期包括：
    当所述第二控制信息包括一个比特时，将所述电磁单元周期调长或调短预设时间长度；
    当所述第二控制信息包括多个比特时，将所述电磁单元周期调长、调短指定时间长度或调整至指定时间。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的智能表面控制方法，其中，所述第三控制信息包括一个或多个比特，所述方法还包括：
    根据所述第三控制信息的比特数量及组合方式，调整所述电磁单元调控参数组。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的智能表面控制方法，其中，根据所述第三控制信息的比特数量及组合方式，调整所述电磁单元调控参数组包括：
    当所述第三控制信息包括一个比特时，按照预设方式切换所述电磁单元调控参数组；
    当所述第三控制信息包括多个比特时，按照任意方式设定所述电磁单元调控参数组。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的智能表面控制方法，其中，所述按照任意方式设定所述电磁单元调控参数组至少包括以下一种：
    锁定当前电磁单元调控参数组；
    解锁当前电磁单元调控参数组；
    将当前电磁单元调控参数组调整为当前电磁单元调控参数组的上一组电磁单元调控参数组；
    将当前的电磁单元调控参数组调整为任一组预设的电磁单元调控参数组。
  11. 根据权利要求1所述的智能表面控制方法，其中，所述方法还包括：
    基于对所述电磁单元调控参数组的选择，以实现对所述智能表面的电磁波反射或 透射特性的调整。
  12. 根据权利要求11所述的智能表面控制方法，其中，所述电磁波反射或透射特性至少包括以下一种：
    反射电磁波或透射电磁波的相位；
    反射电磁波或透射电磁波的幅度；
    反射电磁波或透射电磁波在空间的能量分布。
  13. 根据权利要求1所述的智能表面控制方法，还包括：
    根据所述第一控制信息开启或关闭所述智能表面；
    根据所述第二控制信息调整所述智能表面的电磁单元周期；
    根据所述第三控制信息调整所述智能表面的电磁单元调控参数组。
  14. 一种网络设备，包括：
    传输模块，被配置为向智能表面发送第一控制信息；当所述智能表面处于开启状态时，向所述智能表面发送第二控制信息和/或第三控制信息；其中，所述第一控制信息用于开启或关闭所述智能表面，所述第二控制信息用于调整所述智能表面的电磁单元周期，所述第三控制信息用于调整所述智能表面的电磁单元调控参数组。
  15. 一种智能表面，包括：
    监听模块，被配置为监听第一控制信息；当智能表面处于开启状态时，监听第二控制信息和/或第三控制信息；以及
    控制模块，被配置为根据所述第一控制信息开启或关闭所述智能表面，根据所述第二控制信息调整所述智能表面的电磁单元周期，根据所述第三控制信息调整所述智能表面的电磁单元调控参数组。
  16. 一种智能表面控制系统，包括：
    网络设备，被配置为发送第一控制信息；当智能表面处于开启状态时，发送第二控制信息或第三控制信息；以及
    智能表面，被配置为监听所述第一控制信息；当智能表面处于开启状态时，监听 所述第二控制信息和/或所述第三控制信息；其中，所述第一控制信息用于开启或关闭所述智能表面，所述第二控制信息用于调整所述智能表面的电磁单元周期，所述第三控制信息用于调整所述智能表面的电磁单元调控参数组。
  17. 根据权利要求16所述的智能表面控制系统，其中，
    智能表面被配置为根据所述第一控制信息开启或关闭所述智能表面，根据所述第二控制信息调整所述智能表面的电磁单元周期，根据所述第三控制信息调整所述智能表面的电磁单元调控参数组。
  18. 一种电子设备，包括：
    处理器；以及
    存储器，用于存储所述处理器的可执行指令；
    其中，所述处理器配置为经由执行所述可执行指令来执行权利要求1～13中任意一项所述的智能表面控制方法。
  19. 一种计算机可读存储介质，其上存储有计算机程序，所述计算机程序被处理器执行时实现权利要求1～13中任意一项智能表面控制方法。
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